浙江省嘉兴市第一中学湖州中学2018-2019学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题

浙江省嘉兴市第一中学湖州中学2018-2019学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题

‎2018学年第二学期高二英语试题 选择题部分 第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)‎ 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1.‎ What is the weather like today?‎ A. It’s windy. B. It’s warm. C. It’s sunny.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: The weather is terrible.‎ M: Yes. It was sunny and warm yesterday, but the wind is really strong now.‎ ‎2.‎ What does the woman think of the film class?‎ A. Entertaining. B. Completely new. C. Better for her major.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: I’m not sure what to take next semester. The Italian film class is supposed to be a lot of fun, but French history would be better for my major.‎ M: You could just try something completely new and take music!‎ W: I’ve already done that…‎ ‎3.‎ What will the speakers do tonight?‎ A. Talk to some kids. B. Do some shopping. C. Go running.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: Mom, I need new clothes! My clothes are too small now, and the kids make fun of me.‎ W: We’ll go to the supermarket tonight. Just shirts and pants?‎ M: My running shoes are tight, too.‎ ‎4.‎ What type of movie did the speakers probably see?‎ A. A comedy. B. A sad movie. C. An action movie.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: That was a very interesting movie. It was funny throughout, but there was a little action, too.‎ W: Yeah, but only a little. Most of the time I was crying with laughter.‎ ‎5.‎ What do we know about the city?‎ A. It is very modern. B. It is very remote. C. It is very old.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: There’s so much history in this city. Isn’t it amazing to think that these buildings have been around for centuries?‎ W: I know. It says in the guidebook this has been the capital city since the 1600’s.‎ 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎6. What part of the show does the man dislike?‎ A. The actors. B. The endings. C. The style.‎ ‎7. What does the woman suggest?‎ A. The writers should be fired.‎ B. The producers should end the show.‎ C. The show should be turned into a movie.‎ ‎【答案】6. A 7. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: This show has been running for too many seasons. The characters are so old and boring now. The TV producers should take it off the air!‎ W: Why do you still watch it, then?‎ M: I like the style of the show. I like the surprise endings. The show must have good writers. But it definitely needs new actors.‎ W: Maybe they should just make it into a movie, since it’s such a popular show. Then you would just have to watch about two hours of it, and the material could be so much richer.‎ M: That’s a good idea. They might also make more money that way if it turns out well.‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎8. What are the speakers doing?‎ A. Playing a game. B. Reading a book. C. Having a class.‎ ‎9. Where is the woman from?‎ A. San Francisco. B. Hong Kong. C. Qufu.‎ ‎【答案】8. A 9. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: I have one: I’m the head of an Internet giant, and I’m worth more than 40 billion dollars.‎ W: I know! Jack Ma.‎ M: Right! Your turn.‎ W: I started as a house maid, but I became the only female emperor in China…‎ M: Easy! Wu Zetian! See if you can figure out this one. I was a great artist who died too young. I acted in many action movies…‎ W: Bruce Lee, of course. But we aren’t supposed to use people who were born outside of China. Bruce Lee was born in San Francisco.‎ M: He was raised in Hong Kong, so I thought that counted.‎ W: I’ll let that one go. My next one is: I am a teacher from Qufu.‎ M: It could be none other than Confucius.‎ W: Wrong! It’s me. Remember that you have the men and I have the women!‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎10. Where does the conversation take place?‎ A. At a company. B. At a shopping mall. C. At a school.‎ ‎11. Which project will the speakers help with?‎ A. Solar power. B. Roof garden. C. Recycling.‎ ‎12. What will bees mainly do for the school?‎ A. Make honey. B. Help plants grow. C. Help lower the cost of flowers.‎ ‎【答案】10. C 11. B 12. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: This year, class, our school is going green. It will be turned into a place that is good for the environment. We’re going to use solar power for the building’s electricity needs, and all of our waste will be sorted and recycled. And our class will be involved in one of the projects. We’re going to work on the living roof.‎ W: Mr. Lin, what is a living roof? ‎ M: Good question, Ann. We’re going to build a large garden on the roof of the school building. Have you heard of anything like that before?‎ W: I’ve seen one on the top of a shopping mall.‎ M: Excellent! This trend is starting to catch on in China. Our school garden will contain many fruit and vegetable plants which will be used for cafeteria lunches. ‎ Besides helping the environment, it will lower the cost of lunch. There will be a lot of flowers, too. Do you know why, Ann? ‎ W: Because they will attract bees! And bees help plants grow. ‎ M: Exactly. Bees do more than just make honey!‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎13. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?‎ A. Friends. B. Boss and secretary. C. Coach and athlete.‎ ‎14. What does the woman intend to do?‎ A. Ask the man to see a film.‎ B. Invite the man to play sports.‎ C. Sign up for the Workers Club.‎ ‎15. Where does the man probably work?‎ A. At a cinema. B. At a high school. C. At a computer center.‎ ‎16. What do we know about the club?‎ A. People can skate there B. It’s open until midnight.‎ C. Three buses pass by the club.‎ ‎【答案】13. A 14. B 15. C 16. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: Are you busy tomorrow night? I’m going over to the Workers Club to play volleyball if you’d like to come along.‎ M: Isn’t that far away?‎ W: Not really. If you take the No.3 bus, you can get there in 10 minutes. And if volleyball doesn’t interest you, they’ve got a huge indoor swimming pool, a weight room, and indoor tracks. It’s a great place to meet people.‎ M: Now that you mention it, it would be nice to get away from the computer center for a change, and I really should get some more exercise. Working up a sweat in a ball game or the weight room would be nice. I’ve gotten so fat.‎ W: Look at me. You’re not the only one! In high school, I had a lot more time to play sports. Now, the little spare time I have must be used wisely! At least the club is open until midnight. ‎ M: I guess it’s worth a visit. Did you say you’re going tomorrow night?‎ W: Yeah. I try to go there a few nights a week.‎ M: OK, I’ll come, too. How about meeting me in front of the cinema at eight, and we’ll catch the bus there?‎ W: Sure, see you then.‎ 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。‎ ‎17. Why is it the speaker’s last year?‎ A. He will never teach again.‎ B. He will stop teaching at this school C. He will teach a different subject next.‎ ‎18. Where will the speaker go first?‎ A. India. B. China. C. Australia.‎ ‎19. What kind of children will the speaker help?‎ A. Lazy and poor. B. Smart but disabled. C. Intelligent but poor.‎ ‎20. What does the speaker hope to do in Australia?‎ A. Start a travel project.‎ B. Assist natives to find jobs.‎ C. Help local people go to university.‎ ‎【答案】17. B 18. A 19. C 20. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】Well, class, my last year of teaching high school has finally come. Many of my students have asked me not to retire, but I am getting old and have other things I would like to do. I will always need to teach, and now my new projects are going to take me to different parts of the world. First, I’ll go to India. I plan to help some friends start a school for very smart students who come from poor families. There are many highly intelligent kids who don’t get a chance to keep studying because they’re poor. Our school will also get support from a China-based program that helps the families of these students, so the kids don’t need to drop out of school to work. When this project gets going, my next stop will be Australia. I have always wanted to visit that country, but what really attracts me is a group that helps the native people earn college degrees. And after Australia, who knows? I’m sure I will find more educational projects to keep me busy!‎ 第二部分:阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节(共10个小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A All across the nation, in Americans’ backyards and garages and living rooms, wild animals kept as pets live side by side with their human owners. It’s believed that more exotic animals live in American homes than are cared for in American zoos. The exotic-pet business has drawn criticism from animal welfare advocates and wildlife conservationists alike, who say it’s not only dangerous to bring wildlife into households but it’s cruel and criminal. Yet the issue is far from black or white.‎ The term exotic pet has no firm definition. It can refer to any wildlife kept in human households or simply to a pet that’s more unusual than the common dog or cat. Privately owning exotic animals is currently permitted in a handful of states with no restrictions in America. Adam Roberts of Born Free USA keeps a running database of deaths and injuries caused by exotic-pet ownership: In Connecticut a 55-year-old woman’s face was permanently disfigured by her friend’s lifelong pet monkey; in ‎ Ohio an 80-year-old man was attacked by a 200-pound kangaroo；in Nebraska a 34-year-old man was strangled(勒) to death by his pet snake. And that list does not include the number of people who become sick from coming into contact with zoonotic(动物传染的) diseases.‎ Some people see wild animals as pets as a way to connect with the natural world. Other exotic-pet owners say they are motivated by a desire to preserve threatened species. They believe climate change and human population growth could wipe out a species in record time, so having a backup population is a good idea.‎ But some groups like Born Free USA and the World Wildlife Fund say that captive breeding(圈养) of endangered species by private owners—whether for commercial, conservation, or educational reasons—serves only to continue a booming market for exotic animals. That, in turn, results in a greater risk to animals still living in their natural habitat.‎ ‎21. Which word can replace the phrase “far from black or white” in Paragraph 1?‎ A. contradictory B. ridiculous C. controversial D. universal ‎22. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3?‎ A. The reasons for keeping exotic animals as pets.‎ B. The concerns about the endangered wild animals.‎ C. The different opinions between people who keep exotic pets.‎ D. The disadvantages of privately owning exotic animals.‎ ‎23. The last paragraph of the text is intended to_______.‎ A. introduce some animal protection groups B. argue against keeping exotic animals in captivity C. warn people of the danger of animals being caught D. prove captive breeding can encourage exotic-pet business ‎【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了一些美国人在家里饲养野生动物，动物福利倡导者和野生动物物种保护者认为把野生动物带入家庭很危险，各界对此事件充满争议。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据上句说The exotic-pet business has drawn criticism from animal welfare advocates and wildlife conservationists alike，who say it’s not only dangerous to bring wildlife into households but it’s cruel and criminal.可知，外来宠物业务引起了动物福利倡导者和野生动物物种保护者的批评，他们把野生动物带入家庭不仅很危险，而且是残酷和罪恶的。由此推知这个问题有争议，“far from black or white”意思是“有争议的”，A. contradictory矛盾的；B. ridiculous荒谬的；C. controversial有争议的；D. universal普遍的，故选C。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第三段内容一些人认为把野生动物当宠物是与自然世界联系的一种方式。其他外来宠物的主人说，他们的动机是希望保护濒危物种。他们认为气候变化和人口增长可能在很短的时间内消灭一个物种，所以有一个后备种群是一个好主意。由此推断出第三段主要讲了人们把野生动物当宠物饲养的原因，故选A。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段That，in turn，results in a greater risk to animals still living in their natural habitat．（反过来，结果在一个更大的风险中，动物仍然生活在它们的自然栖息地。）由此推断出，最后一段的目的在于反对圈养野生动物，故选B。‎ B The American dream is the faith held by many people in the United States of America that through hard work, courage, creativity and determination, they can achieve a better life for themselves. More specifically, they agree on how to get ahead in America: get a college education, find a reliable job, and buy their own house. But do Americans still believe in that path, and if they do, is it attainable?‎ The most recent National Journal poll(民意测验，投票) asked participants about the American dream, what it takes to achieve their goal, and whether or not they felt the control over their ability to be successful. Obviously, the results show that today, the idea of the American dream and what it takes to achieve it looks quite different from it did in the late 20th century. By the large, people felt that their ‎ actions and hard work — not outside forces — were the deciding factors in how their lives turned out. But the participants had definitely mixed feelings about what actions make for a better life in the current economy.‎ In the last seven years, Americans have grown more pessimistic about the power of education to lead to success. Even though they see going to college as a fairly achievable goal, a majority 52 percent think that young people do not need a 4-year college education in order to be successful.‎ Miguel Maeda, 42, who has a master’s degree and works in public health, was the first in his family to go to college, which has allowed him to achieve a sense of financial stability(稳定) his parents and grandparents never did. While some, like Maeda, emphasized the value of a degree rather than the education itself, others still see college as a way to gain new viewpoints and life experiences. Sixty-year-old Will Fendley, who had a successful career in the military and never earned a college degree, think “personal drive” is far more important than just go to college. To Fendley, a sense of drive and purpose, as well as an effective high-school education, and basic life skills, like balancing a checkbook(支票簿), are the necessary elements for a successful life in America.‎ ‎24. It was commonly acknowledged that to succeed in America, one had to have ________.‎ A. a sense of drive and purpose B. an advanced academic degree C. a firm belief in their dream D. an ambition to get ahead ‎25. What is the finding of the latest National Journal poll concerning the American dream?‎ A. More and more Americans are finding it hard to realize.‎ B. It remains alive among the majority of American people.‎ C. An increasing number of young Americans are abandoning it.‎ D. Americans’ idea of it has changed over the past few decades.‎ ‎26. How do some Americans view college education these days?‎ A. It helps broaden their minds. B. It needs to be strengthened.‎ C. It widens cultural diversity. D. It promotes gender (性别) equality.‎ ‎【答案】24. B 25. D 26. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。《国家期刊》最近进行的一项民意调查询问了受访者的美国梦、实现目标需要什么，以及他们是否觉得自己有能力取得成功。显然，研究结果表明，今天的美国梦及其实现方式与20世纪末的美国梦大相径庭。总的来说，人们觉得他们的行为和努力工作——而不是外部力量——才是决定他们生活结果的因素。但对于在当前经济环境下，什么样的行动才能让生活更美好，参与者们的感受喜忧参半。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句More specifically, they agree on how to get ahead in America: get a college education, find a reliable job, and buy their own house.（更具体地说，他们就如何在美国取得成功达成了一致意见：接受大学教育，找到一份可靠的工作，买自己的房子。）可知，过去人们普遍承认，要想在美国取得成功，就必须拥有高学历。故选B。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句Obviously, the results show that today, the idea of the American dream and what it takes to achieve it looks quite different from it did in the late 20th century.（显然，研究结果表明，今天的美国梦及其实现方式与20世纪末的美国梦大相径庭。）可知，这一结果表明美国人对美国梦的看法在过去的数十年里已经改变了。故选D。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第二句While some, like Maeda, emphasized the value of degree rather than the education itself, others still see college as a way to gain new viewpoints and life experiences.可知，当有些人强调学位的价值而不是教育本身时，其他人仍然认为大学是获得新观点和生活经验的一种方式。由此可推测，一些人认为大学教育可以开拓视野。故A项正确。‎ C The earliest known copy of Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa—thought to have been painted at the same time as the original masterpiece—has been discovered at the Prado ‎ Museum in Madrid, Spain. The work offers art-lovers an attractive clue to what the model for the world’s most famous painting really looked like. Controllers of the museum found the picture hidden beneath layers of paints during restoration work on a picture initially thought to have been a later replica(exact copy) of the Mona Lisa.‎ The restored version shows the same woman that Leonardo depicted (描画), against a landscape similar to that shown in the background of the original, which now hangs in the Louvre in Paris. And while the features of Leonardo’s Mona Lisa have been dulled by centuries of dirt and layers of cracked paints—which are unlikely ever to be removed—in the recently-rediscovered copy, she appears fresher-faced and younger than her better-known “twin”.‎ News of the find was revealed at a meeting at London’s National Gallery, linked to its “Leonardo da Vinci: Painter at the Court of Milan” exhibition. “This sensational (轰动的) find will transform our understanding of the world’s most famous picture,” the Art Newspaper reported, adding that the clues found on the Madrid version suggest that the original and the copy were begun at the same time and painted next to each other, as the work went on.‎ Miguel Falomir, manager of Italian painting at the Prado, told reporters that expert analysis suggested a strong link between Leonardo and the artist who painted the copy. “The painting was done in the painter’s own workshop,” he said. “It is absolutely consistent with Leonardo’s work, but Leonardo didn’t actually do any work on it himself.”‎ ‎27. Which of the following is TRUE about the new version of the Mona Lisa?‎ A. It was a restored version by Leonardo.‎ B. It was painted much later than the original version.‎ C. It is better preserved than the original one.‎ D. It has been dulled by layers of cracked paints.‎ ‎28. We can learn from the third paragraph that ________.‎ A. the new version of the Mona Lisa went on display at a meeting.‎ B. there would be two versions of the Mona Lisa at the exhibition.‎ C. Leonardo was made to paint with another painter meanwhile.‎ D. the new finding affects the understanding of the original version.‎ ‎29. What can we infer from the text?‎ A. The artist painted the copy in his home.‎ B. The artist who painted the copy must have been Leonardo’s student.‎ C. The artist finished painting the copy under Leonardo’s guidance.‎ D. The artist who painted the copy had close relation with Leonardo.‎ ‎30. What is the main idea of the text?‎ A. The Prado Museum has discovered the earliest copy of the Mona Lisa.‎ B. The Prado Museum restored the earliest copy of the Mona Lisa.‎ C. The Prado Museum displayed the recently-rediscovered copy of the Mona Lisa in Spain.‎ D. The Prado Museum offers art-lovers a better understanding of Leonardo.‎ ‎【答案】27. C 28. D 29. D 30. A ‎【解析】‎ 分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。在西班牙马德里普拉多博物馆发现了达芬奇的名画《蒙娜丽莎》的最早复制品及其相关介绍。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中的in the recently-rediscovered copy, she appears fresher-faced and younger than her better-known “twin”可知，与收藏在卢浮宫略显晦暗的《蒙娜丽莎》“本尊”相比，该画作中的蒙娜丽莎面色清晰红润，即它比原版的保存得更好。故选C。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第三段的This sensational (轰动的) find will transform our understanding of the world’s most famous picture可知，这一新发现将加深世界艺术爱好者对达芬奇“真迹”——《蒙娜丽莎》的理解。即这一新发现影响了对原始版本的理解。故选D。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 推理判断题。结合最后一段的expert analysis suggested a strong link between Leonardo and the artist who painted the copy（专家分析表明，达芬奇和画这幅画的艺术家之间有很强的联系）可推知，该画作者与达芬奇的关系密切。故选D。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。通读全文并结合第一段的主题句The earliest known copy of Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa -- thought to have been painted at the same time as the original masterpiece- has been discovered at the Prado Museum in Madrid, Spain.（西班牙马德里普拉多博物馆发现了列奥纳多·达·芬奇的名作《蒙娜丽莎》的最早副本，据称这幅画与原作同时创作。）可知，文章主要是关于普拉多博物馆发现了《蒙娜丽莎》最早的复制品。故选A。‎ ‎【点睛】主旨大意主要的解题策略有：‎ ‎（1）标题类。文章标题可以是单词，短语，也可以是句子，它的特点是：短小精悍，多为一短语；涵盖性强，一般要求能覆盖全文，其确定的范围要恰当，既不能太大，也不能太小；精确性强，不能随意改变语言表意的程度及色彩。‎ ‎（2）主旨类。概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。此时，要注意一些转折词，如but, yet, however, although, in spite of, by contrast, on the contrary等。当文章中表示相反的观点时，往往用到这些词。答题时要弄清哪个是作者的观点，排除迷惑性信息，准确归纳主旨大意。‎ 例如文章的第4小题，此题属于主旨大意中的（2）一一主旨类。答案需要理解文章后归纳文章中心。通读全文并结合第一段的主题句The earliest known copy of Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa -- thought to have been painted at the same time as the original masterpiece- has been discovered at the Prado Museum in Madrid, Spain.（西班牙马德里普拉多博物馆发现了列奥纳多·达·芬奇的名作《蒙娜丽莎》的最早副本，据称这幅画与原作同时创作。）可知文章主要是关于普拉多博物馆发现了《蒙娜丽莎》最早的复制品。故选A。‎ 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ How to Be Happy ‎___31___ Being happy often means continually finding satisfaction, a feeling of joy, and a sense that your life is meaningful during all kinds of problems—that does not depend upon finding ease or comfort. A sense of happiness is good for your health,‎ ‎ so what can we do to have that?‎ Change your thoughts.‎ People have a natural tendency to remember negative experiences but forget positive ones. However, thanks to adaptability, you can actually change the way your brain functions. You can train yourself to be happier by seeking your kind of fun.___32___‎ Cultivate optimism.‎ ‎___33___ It’s a way of interpreting everything that happens to you. For example, a pessimistic person might say, “I’m terrible at math. I’m going to fail that test tomorrow. I might as well just watch TV.” However, an optimistic person would say something like “I’m concerned about doing well on that test tomorrow, but I’m going to study as well as I can and do my best.” Optimism doesn’t deny the reality of challenges, but it interprets how you approach them differently.‎ Practice active gratitude.‎ A lot of researches confirm that gratitude is good for you. It reduces anxiety and depression, helps you become more positive, strengthens your relationships with others, and encourages compassion.___34___‎ Determine your core values.‎ Your core values determine how you think about yourself, your life, and the world around you. These beliefs guide your decision-making. They may be spiritual, or they may not, but they’re the things that are fundamental to how you look at life. Whatever your values are, research suggests that when you aren’t living your life and making choices that are not fit for your values, you’re likely to feel unhappy and dissatisfied.‎ ‎___35___‎ Begin by imagining yourself in the future when you have gotten to where you want to be. Pick a few goals and imagine that you have achieved them.‎ A. For example, occupy your mind with positive thoughts by practicing mindfulness.‎ B. Happiness is not a simple goal, but is about making progress.‎ C. Contact a hotline.‎ D. It also has been shown to increase your feelings of happiness.‎ E. Visualize your “best possible self.”‎ F. Optimism is more than just positive expectations.‎ G. Look for the positive in all your experiences.‎ ‎【答案】31. B 32. A ‎ ‎33. F 34. D ‎ ‎35. E ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。快乐不是一个简单的目标，而是关于进步。快乐常常意味着不断地找到满足，一种快乐的感觉，以及在各种各样的问题中你的生活是有意义的感觉——这并不依赖于找到安逸或舒适。文章说明了五点变得快乐的方法。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 根据下文Being happy often means continually finding satisfaction, a feeling of joy, and a sense that your life is meaningful during all kinds of problems—that does not depend upon finding ease or comfort.（快乐常常意味着不断地找到满足，一种快乐的感觉，以及在各种各样的问题中你的生活是有意义的感觉——这并不依赖于找到安逸或舒适。）可推知，快乐不是一个简单的目标，而是关于进步。故选B。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 根据本段小标题Change your thoughts（改变想法）以及上文However, thanks to adaptability, you can actually change the way your brain functions. You can train yourself to be happier by seeking your kind of fun.（然而，由于适应性，你实际上可以改变你大脑的功能。你可以通过寻找自己的乐趣来训练自己变得更快乐。）可知，A项“例如，通过练习正念，用积极的思想占据你的大脑。”是对上文方法的举例说明，故选A。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 根据本段小标题Cultivate optimism.（培养乐观。）以及最后一句Optimism doesn’t deny the reality of challenges, but it interprets how you approach them differently.（乐观主义不会否认挑战现实，但它诠释了你如何以不同的方式对待挑战。）可对应到F选项中optimism。表示“乐观不仅仅是积极的期望。”符合语境。故选F。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 根据上文A lot of researches confirm that gratitude is good for you. It reduces anxiety ‎ and depression, helps you become more positive, strengthens your relationships with others, and encourages compassion.（很多研究证实，感恩对你有好处。它能减少焦虑和抑郁，帮助你变得更积极，加强你与他人的关系，并鼓励同情。）可知，是在说明感恩的好处，其中D选项It also has been shown to increase your feelings of happiness.（它也被证明能增加你的幸福感。）符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 本空为本段小标题，根据下文Begin by imagining yourself in the future when you have gotten to where you want to be.（首先想象自己在未来，当你到达你想要到达的地方。）可知，是在想象“最好的自己”。故选E。‎ 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第一节: 完形填空(共20题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation. To keep up their work, they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice communications, not to mention newspapers and magazines: a never-ending flood of words. In ___36___ a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend ___37___ can mean the difference between success and failure. Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are ___38___ readers. Most of us develop poor reading ___39___ at an early age, and never get over them. The main deficiency ___40___ in the actual stuff of language itself—words. Taken individually, words have ___41___ meaning until they are strung together into phrases, sentences and paragraphs. ___42___, however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words. He painfully reads one word at a time, often regressing to ___43___ words or passages. Regression, the tendency to look back over ___44___ you have just read, is a common bad habit in reading. Another habit which ____45____ down the speed of reading is vocalization—sounding each word either orally or mentally as ____46____reads.‎ To overcome these bad habits, some reading clinics used a(n) ____47____called an accelerator, which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined speed. ‎ The bar is set at a slightly faster rate ____48____ the reader finds comfortable, in order to “stretch” him. The accelerator forces the reader to read fast, ____49____ word-by-word reading, regression and sub vocalization, practically impossible. At first ____50____ is sacrificed for speed. But when you learn to read ideas and concepts, you will not only read faster, ____51____ your comprehension will improve. Many people have found ____52____ reading skill drastically improved after some training. ____53____ —Charles Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute ____54____ the training, now it is an excellent 1,378 words a minute. He is delighted that how he can ____55____ a lot more reading material in a short period of time.‎ ‎36. A. applying B. doing C. offering D. getting ‎37. A. quickly B. easily C. roughly D. decidedly ‎38. A. good B. curious C. poor D. urgent ‎39. A. training B. habits C. situations D. custom ‎40. A. lies B. combines C. touches D. involves ‎41. A. some B. a lot C. little D. dull ‎42. A. Fortunately B. Actually C. Logically D. Unfortunately ‎43. A. reuse B. reread C. rewrite D. recite ‎44. A. what B. which C. that D. if ‎45. A. scales B. cuts C. slows D. measures ‎46. A. someone B. one C. the one D. reader ‎47. A. device B. screen C. obstacle D. equipment ‎48. A. then B. as C. beyond D. than ‎49. A. enabling B. leading C. making D. indicating ‎50. A. meaning B. comprehension C. reading D. regression ‎51. A. but B. nor C. or D. for ‎52. A. our B. your C. their D. such a ‎53. A. Set B. Take C. Make D. Consider ‎54. A. for B. in C. after D. before ‎55. A. come over B. go over C. get across D. get through ‎【答案】36. D 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. A 41. C 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. C 46. B 47. A 48. D 49. C 50. B 51. A 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。很多人在小时候养成了不良的阅读习惯，从而影响了快速阅读和理解的能力。文章介绍了一种阅读加速器可以提高阅读速度和理解能力。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在获得一份工作或在其中取得进步时，快速阅读和理解的能力可能意味着成功和失败的区别。A. applying申请；B. doing做；C. offering提供；D. getting获得。根据根据下文a job可知，是“获得”一份工作。故选D。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在获得一份工作或在其中取得进步时，快速阅读与理解的能力，是关系到成败的关键所在。A. quickly快速地；B. easily容易地；C. roughly粗糙地；D. decidedly果断地。本句意为“快速阅读与理解的能力，是关系到成败的关键所在”。只有quickly与原意吻合。故选A。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而不幸的事实是，我们大多数人都不擅长阅读。A. good好的；B. curious好奇的；C. poor不好的；D. urgent紧急的。根据上文Yet the unfortunate fact可知，多数人都属于poor reader。故选C。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们中的大多数人在很小的时候就养成了不良的阅读习惯，并且从未改掉。A. training训练；B. habits习惯；C. situations情况；D. custom习俗。根据下文at an early age可知，在小时候养成的不良阅读习惯。故选B。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查固定短语。句意：主要的不足在于语言本身的实际内容——词汇。固定短语lie in“在于”。故选A。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：单独来看，单词没有什么意义，除非它们被串成短语、句子和段落。A. some一些；B. a lot许多；C. little一点；很少的；D. dull迟钝的。根据下文语境以及下文meaning可知，表示“没有什么意义”。some表示“一些”与语境不符，a lot不能修饰名词。故选C。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，不幸的是，未经训练的读者不会阅读意群。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Actually实际上；C. Logically逻辑上；D. Unfortunately不幸的是。根据下文the untrained reader does not read groups of words可知，选D。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他一次只能痛苦地读一个单词，常常会退化到重读单词或段落。A. reuse再利用；B. reread重读；C. rewrite重写；D. recite背诵。此句意为“在阅读时经常重读(反复读)”因此，选reread（重读）。故选B。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查连接词辨析。句意：回归，即倾向于回顾你刚刚读过的东西，是阅读中一个常见的坏习惯。A. what什么；B. which哪一个；C. that那个；D. if如果。本句为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指物，故用what。故选A。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一种降低阅读速度的习惯是发音——当一个人阅读时，每个单词的发音都是口头或心理上的。A. scales衡量；B. cuts切；C. slows减速；D. measures测量。scales down按比例减少；cuts down削减；此两项不合题意。measures不能与down搭配。只有slow与down搭配的意思是“放慢，减速”，在此合适。故选C。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查代词辨析。句意：另一种降低阅读速度的习惯是发音——当一个人阅读时，每个单词的发音都是口头或心理上的。A. someone某人；B. one一个人；C. the one唯一；D. reader读者。根据句意可知表示泛指“一个人”，故选B。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了克服这些坏习惯，一些阅读诊所使用一种叫做“加速器”的设备，它能以预定的速度将一根横杆(或窗帘)向下移动。A. device装置；B. screen屏幕；C. obstacle障碍；D. equipment设备。根据下文called an accelerator可知，是一种装置。故选A。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查介词辨析。句意：为了“拉伸”读者，该栏的设置速度略快于读者感到舒适的速度。A. then然后；B. as因为；C. beyond超过；D. than比。根据上文faster可知，用形容词比较级，故选D。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：加速器迫使读者快速阅读，使得逐字逐句的阅读、退步和次发音几乎不可能。A. enabling使能够；B. leading领导；C. making制作，使得；D. indicating表明。短语make…impossible“使……不可能”，故选C。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，理解是为了速度而牺牲的。A. meaning意义；B. comprehension理解；C. reading阅读；D. regression回归。根据上下文因为在较短时间内，读完众多的材料，所以一开始只有速度并不理解。故选B。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查介词辨析。句意：但是当你学会阅读想法和概念时，你不仅会读得更快，而且你的理解力也会提高。A. but但是；B. nor也不；C. or或者；D. for为了。固定短语not only…but…“不仅……而且……”，故选A。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查代词辨析。句意：许多人发现他们的阅读技能在经过一些训练后有了很大的提高。A. our我们的；B. your你们的；C. their他们的；D. such a如此一个。本句中的主语是第三人称复数，物主代词必然是their。故选C。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查固定短语。句意：以业务经理Charles Au为例，他在培训前一分钟的阅读速度为172个单词，相当不错。短语take sth. for instance“以……为例子”，故选B。故选B。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查介词搭配。句意：以业务经理Charles Au为例，他在培训前一分钟的阅读速度为172个单词，相当不错。A. for为了；B. in在里面；C. after在……之后；D. before在……之前。根据下文now it is an excellent 1,378 words a minute 可知，这是在训练之前的速度。故选D。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他很高兴自己能在短时间内读完更多的阅读材料。A. come over顺便来访；B. go over复习；C. get across通过；D. get through完成。故选D。根据句意可知选D。‎ 非选择题部分 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分45分)‎ 第二节:语篇填空(共10小题； 每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ The British have been drinking tea for over 350 years. But in fact, the history of tea goes much ___56___(far) back.‎ The story of tea begins in China. According to the legend, the Chinese emperor Shen Nung was sitting ___57___a tree while his servant boiled drinking water, when some leaves from the tree blew into the water. Shen Nung, ___58___ expert in herbal medicine, decided to try the water his servant created. As a result, it tasted so good that later the drink was ___59___ we now call tea.‎ It is ___60___(possible) to know whether there is any truth in this story. ___61___, tea drinking certainly was established in China many centuries before it had even been heard of in the west. Containers of tea ___62___(find) in tombs dating from the Han dynasty (206BC-220AD) before tea was firmly established as the national drink of China in the Tang dynasty (618-906AD). It became ___63___ a favorite thing that during the late eighth century, a writer ___64___(call) Lu Yu wrote the first book entirely about tea, the Ch’a Ching, or Tea Classic. It was shortly after this that tea was first introduced to Japan, by Japanese Buddhist monks who had travelled to China to study before. Tea drinking has become a vital part of Japanese culture, ____65____may be rooted in the sprit described in the Ch’a Ching.‎ ‎【答案】56. further ‎ ‎57. under/beneath ‎ ‎58. an 59. what ‎ ‎60. impossible ‎ ‎61. However ‎ ‎62. had been found ‎ ‎63. such 64. called ‎ ‎65. which ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。说明了茶的起源、发展以及传播。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 考查形容词比较级。句意：但事实上，茶的历史可以追溯到更久远的年代。此处表示“（程度上）更远”，应用形容词比较级further。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：据传说，中国的神农皇帝坐在一棵树下，他的仆人正在烧水喝，这时树上的一些叶子被吹到了水里。表示“在……下面”，故填介词under/beneath。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：神农是一位草药专家，他决定试试仆人发明的水。expert为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一位专家”，且expert为元音音素开头的单词，故填an。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 考查连接词。句意：结果，它尝起来很好，后来这种饮料就是我们现在所说的茶。本句为表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指物，故填what。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：不可能知道这个故事是否真实。表示“不可能”，故填impossible。‎ ‎【61题详解】‎ 考查连词。句意：然而，饮茶在西方闻所未闻的几百年前就已经在中国确立了。根据上下文语境为转折关系，故填However。‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：早在唐代茶被确定为中国的国酒之前，人们就在汉代(公元前206年-公元220年)的墓葬中发现了盛茶的容器。“发现容器”发生在“tea was firmly established”之前，即为“过去的过去”故用过去完成时，且主语与谓语构成被动关系，故填had been found。‎ ‎【63题详解】‎ 考查固定句式。句意：它成为如此受欢迎的事情，以至于在8世纪末，一位名叫陆羽的作家写了第一本完全关于茶的书，《茶经》。固定句式so/such…that…“如此……以致于……”，且根据下文a favorite thing为名词需要such修饰，故填such。‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故call只能作非谓语动词与逻辑主语Lu Yu构成被动关系，故填过去分词called。‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ 考查定语从句连接词。句意：饮茶已经成为日本文化的一个重要组成部分，这可能源于《茶经》中描述的精神。本句为非限定性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，且从句缺少主语，故填which。‎ ‎【点睛】定语从句的关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：‎ ‎(1)一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等)‎ ‎(2)二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why)‎ ‎(3)三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句)‎ 如第十小题，本句为非限定性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，且从句缺少主语，故填which。‎ 第四部分:写作(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)‎ ‎66.假定你是某高中学生会主席李华，为增强全校师生的安全意识，你校本周三上午准备进行一次消防演习，请你代表学生会写一份书面通知，要点如下:‎ ‎1.活动目的；‎ ‎2.活动时间；‎ ‎3.活动安排(听到火警铃声有序撤离；听消防员安全讲座)。‎ ‎4. 注意事项。‎ 参考词汇:消防演习fire drill; 火警铃fire alarm; 消防通道firefighting accesses。‎ 注意:1.词数80左右；‎ ‎2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Notice A fire drill will be held in our school on Wednesday morning this week in order to improve everyone’s awareness of fire safety. We are supposed to perform as follows.‎ When hearing the fire alarm, everyone should quickly and orderly leave the buildings through the firefighting accesses and gather together on the playground. Shortly afterwards, a lecture about safety knowledge will be given by a professional firefighter. ‎ The fire drill is of such instructive and educational importance that one shouldn’t miss it. Please be present on time and hope everyone will benefit from it.‎ Students’ Union ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文写作。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为写一封通知；假定你是某高中学生会主席李华，为增强全校师生的安全意识，你校本周三上午准备进行一次消防演习，请你代表学生会写一份书面通知，要点如下:1.活动目的；‎ ‎2.活动时间；3.活动安排(听到火警铃声有序撤离；听消防员安全讲座)。4. 注意事项。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：fire drill（消防演习），in order to（为了），awareness of（意识），be supposed to（应该）；quickly and orderly（快速有序地）等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ 本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如When hearing the fire alarm, everyone should quickly and orderly leave the buildings through the firefighting accesses and gather together on the playground.运用了状语从句的省略；The fire drill is of such instructive and educational importance that one shouldn’t miss it.运用了结果状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ 第二节 概要写作(满分25分)‎ ‎67.阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容概要。‎ Over the past few years, there has been a big increase in the number of people sharing information online. In this article we will learn about some positive factors for people to share information online.‎ We often share information with our friends in the office or at home to educate, entertain or pleasantly surprise them. In this way we can connect with others. This is also true while sharing information online. If you look at the Facebook wall posts of your friends, you will realize that most of their updates are usually famous quotes, entertaining videos, inspirational images, funny jokes, etc. 94% of those who responded to a survey by the New York Times said they put a lot of thought into how the content they are sharing will be beneficial to others.‎ A lot of people share information online to represent their true self to the outside world. Some people, especially those who are shy and not comfortable talking about their areas of interest in the presence of others, find it extremely convenient to share that information online with like-minded individuals.‎ ‎78% of the respondents in the study of The New York Times said they shared information online because it helps them develop better relationships. Today, a lot of people do not have the time to meet each other in person and the Internet has become a great substitute. A lot of people now “meet” each other online, rather than in conventional places like restaurants and pubs.‎ Lastly, when we share our thoughts online, we are actively engaging with the vast ‎ community of people who are a part of the World Wide Web. Sharing information will make a difference to the viewpoint of others, or add to their understanding about the world.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】People increasingly share information online for several positive reasons.(要点1) Most people hope what they share will benefit others. (要点2)Some people show their true self by sharing information online. (要点3) People also meet each other online to keep in touch with friends instead of traditional ways.(要点4) Quite a few people share their thoughts online hoping to influence others’ viewpoints in a positive way.(要点5)‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇概要写作。‎ ‎【详解】写作步骤 ‎1）细读原文。首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握文章主旨。文章说明了人们越来越多地在网上分享信息有几个积极的原因。大多数人都希望他们分享的东西能造福他人。有些人通过在网上分享信息来展现真实的自我。人们在网上见面也是为了和朋友保持联系，而不是用传统的方式。相当多的人在网上分享他们的想法，希望以积极的方式影响他人的观点。‎ ‎2）弄清结构，归纳段意。概要写作是写全文概要，不是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。‎ ‎3）列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。‎ ‎4）在写作时要特别注意下面几点：‎ ‎（1）概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。‎ ‎（2）安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。‎ ‎（3）注意要点之间的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬 ‎（4）不排斥用原文的某些词句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的话语表达，至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换，如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。‎ ‎（5）计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎