2020届北师大版高考英语一轮复习：必修1Unit2Heroes

2020届北师大版高考英语一轮复习：必修1Unit2Heroes

‎(一)课前自主学习 Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意 ‎1．spaceship n．[纵联1]　　　　　　 太空船 ‎2．manned spaceship 载人宇宙飞船 ‎3．launch n．　 [纵联1] 发射 ‎4．rocket n. 火箭 ‎5．dead (right) adv. 完全地，绝对地 ‎6．the United Nations 联合国 ‎7．helicopter n. 直升机 ‎8．protest n. 抗议 ‎9．awful adj. (口)糟糕的；极度的 ‎10．career n. 职业，一生的事业 ‎11．superhero n. 超级英雄 ‎12．charity n. 慈善，施舍 ‎13．keen adj. 强烈的；渴望的 Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形 ‎1．calm_adj. 镇静的，沉着的 ‎2．character n. 人物；性格 ‎3．flight n. 飞行；航班 ‎4．medal n. 奖章，勋章 ‎5．involve vt. 涉及，参与 ‎6．disaster n. 灾难 ‎ ‎7．peacefully_ adv. 和平地，平静地 ‎8．reporter n. 记者，通讯员 ‎9．wave_vi. 挥手示意，致意 ‎10．revolution_n. 革命 ‎11．found vt. 建立，创立 ‎12．opinion n. 意见，看法，主张 ‎13．struggle n. 斗争，拼搏 ‎14．useless_adj. 差劲的；无用的 ‎15．unusual adj. 不平常的 ‎16．champion n. 冠军 ‎17．event n. 竞赛；事件 ‎ ‎18．athlete n．　　　[纵联2] 运动员 ‎19．quality n. 质量；品质 ‎20．disabled adj. 残疾的 ‎21．march vi. & n．[纵联3] 游行示威；行军 ‎22．atmosphere n. 大气；气氛 ‎23．afterwards adv. 然后，后来 ‎24．generous adj.　[纵联4] 慷慨的，大方的 ‎25．promote vt. 　 [纵联5] 促进，提升 Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变 ‎1．violent adj.暴力的→violently adv.猛烈地→violence n．暴力，暴行 ‎2．explore vt.探测；勘探→exploration n．探测→explorer n．勘探者 ‎3．personally adv.就自己而言→personal adj.个人的，私人的 ‎4．equal adj.平等的→equally adv.平等地→equality n．相等；平等 ‎5．skilful adj.灵巧的，熟练的→skilfully adv.熟练地→skill n．技巧 ‎6．compete vi.比赛，竞争→competition n．比赛→competitor n．竞争者，对手→competitive adj.竞争的；比赛的 ‎7．amazing adj.令人惊异的→amaze vt.使惊异→amazed adj.惊奇的，吃惊的 ‎8．fortunately adv.幸运地→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortune n．运气；财富；命运 ‎9．injury n．伤害，损害→injure vt.伤害；损害→injured adj.受伤的 ‎10．react vi.反应→reaction n．反应 ‎11．confident adj.自信的→confidently adv.自信地→confidence n．自信；信任 纵联1.翱翔“太空”记单词 ‎①launch vt.发射　　　　　　　 ②astronomy n．天文学 ‎③astronomer n．天文学家 ④astronaut n．宇航员 ‎⑤gravity n．万有引力 ⑥planet n．行星 ‎⑦orbit n．轨道 ⑧spaceship n．宇宙飞船 ‎⑨universe n．宇宙 ⑩satellite n．卫星 ‎⑪solar system太阳系 ⑫galaxy银河系 纵联2.各显神通“运动员”‎ ‎①athlete运动员 ②competitor竞争者 ‎③champion冠军 ④coach教练 ‎⑤captain队长 ⑥referee裁判员 ‎⑦amateur业余选手 ⑧professional职业选手 纵联3.靠腿“走”路 ‎①wander v．漫步；闲逛 ②pace v．踱步；缓慢而行 ‎③crawl v．爬行；匍匐行进 ④march v．行军，进军 ‎⑤rush v．冲；奔；闯 ⑥walk v．散步 纵联4.“性格”相关形容词集锦 ‎①generous慷慨的 ②intelligent聪明的 ‎③devoted有献身精神的 ④confident自信的 ‎⑤creative富有创造力的 ⑥calm镇静的 ‎⑦considerate体贴的 ⑧gentle温柔的 纵联5.“职场经历”相关词精选 ‎①appoint任命；委派 ②dismiss/fire开除；解雇 ‎③interview面试；采访 ④resign辞职 ‎⑤apply申请 ⑥promote升职 ‎⑦resume简历 单元话题——人物介绍 子话题1　人物关系 ‎①acquaintance n．熟人 ②companion n．同事 ‎③friend n．朋友 ④classmate n．同班同学 ‎⑤schoolmate n．校友 ⑥relative n．亲戚 子话题2　外貌特征 ‎①beautiful adj.美丽的 ②elegant adj.文雅的 ‎③goodlooking adj.好看的 ④handsome adj.帅气的 ‎⑤slim adj.苗条的 ⑥lovely adj.可爱的 ‎⑦glamorous adj.有魅力的 ⑧wideeyed adj.大眼睛的 ‎⑨indifferent adj.冷漠的 子话题3　内在品质 ‎①virtue n．美德 ②reliable adj.可信赖的 ‎③modest adj.谦虚的 ④sensitive adj.敏感的 ‎⑤thoughtful adj.考虑周到的 ⑥intelligence n．才智 ‎⑦distinction n．优秀 ⑧outstanding adj.杰出的 ‎⑨brilliant adj.有才气的 ⑩educated adj.有教养的 ‎⑪considerate adj.体贴的 ‎ [学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词汇应用 ‎1．(2014·福建高考阅读A)At the front of the supermarket, a charity❶ group had set up❷ a stand selling cooked sausages and flowers to raise funds. Tenyson suggested that we should buy the lady a flower. “It will make her feel better，” he said. I was 　❸　 (amaze) that he'd come up with this sweet idea. So we went over to the flower seller and asked her if we could buy a flower for the lady to cheer her up. “Just take it，” she replied. “I can't take your money for such a wonderful gesture.”‎ ‎①写出加彩词在此处的汉语意思：慈善 ‎②写出加彩词在本单元的同义词：found，空处所在句子应翻译为在超市的前面，一个慈善组织建立了一个卖熟香肠和鲜花的摊位来筹集资金。‎ ‎③处用所给词的适当形式填空：amazed，空处所在句中短语come up with意为想出 ‎2．(2014·湖北高考阅读A)Before I had my son, I spent two years 　❶　 (work) with children with disabilities. I learned that shouting and threats of punishment would result in a disaster. Coming up against their behaviour could only make the job harder and their behaviour more extreme. I found something that worked, though.‎ There was a very naughty boy in the nursery and a teacher who was generally very 　❷ 　 (confidence) with the children was asked to take charge of him. One day the boy joined a session in the room next to mine. His appearance created an atmosphere❸ of tension. He spent the entire session running around, hitting and kicking, and destroying property.‎ ‎①处用所给词的适当形式填空：working；此处考查的短语搭配为spend_time_(in)_doing_sth.‎ ‎②用所给词的适当形式填空：confident，其副词形式为confidently ‎③写出加彩词在此处的汉语意思：气氛 高考采撷(二)　写作中的词汇应用 ‎(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)‎ ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)欢迎大家参加活动，欣赏电影，然后进行热烈的讨论，并发表自己的意见。(afterwards, opinion)‎ Every_one_of_you_will_be_welcome_to_take_part_in_the_activity,_enjoying_the_movie,_having_a_heated_discussion_afterwards_and_giving_your_own_opinions.‎ ‎2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)幸运的是，我们学校成立了一个排球队和一个篮球队。我们都意识到体育锻炼的重要性。(fortunately, found)‎ Fortunately,_our_school_founded_a_volleyball_team_and_a_basketball_team._We_are_all_aware_of_the_importance_of_physical_training. ‎ ‎3．(2016·天津高考书面表达)按计划，我们参加了几个有教育意义的活动。我们学了很多汉字，一起做了大量的练习。(involve, character)‎ As_scheduled,_we_got_involved_in_several_instructive_activities._We_learnt_many_Chinese_characters_and_took_plenty_of_exercise_together.‎ ‎(二)课堂重点释疑 ‎1．calm adj.镇静的，沉着的v.使平静下来；(使)镇静下来 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)be/keep/stay/remain calm　 冷静；保持镇静 ‎(2)calm sb./oneself down 使某人/自己镇静下来 calm down 平息，使平静；平静下来，镇静下来 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①The government has clarified the fact, calming down the local people.‎ ‎②He took a few deep breaths to calm himself (he) down.‎ 完成句子 ‎③In my opinion, such wonderful things will calm_you_down easily and give you the courage to move on.‎ 在我看来，这么好的事情会让你很容易平静下来并且会给你继续前进的勇气。‎ ‎④Faced with the crisis, the government stayed/kept/remained_calm and took timely measures.‎ 面对危机，政府保持镇静，及时采取了措施。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑤(2014·四川高考书面表达)由于太紧张，考试刚开始时我什么也想不起来。但我没有着急，而是努力使自己平静下来。‎ Too_nervous,_I_couldn't_think_of_anything_at_the_beginning_of_the_exam._However,_I_didn't_worry_but_tried_to_calm_myself_down.‎ ‎2．character n．品格，品质，性格；特征，特点；(小说、戏剧中的)人物，角色；(汉)字，字体 ‎[辨清]　写出下列句中character的含义 ‎①Her husband was a man of good character, wellliked and respected by his colleagues.品质 ‎②At the end of the story, the main character, a young man had to leave his wife and baby.‎ 角色 ‎③Nowadays many foreigners love to study Chinese characters in China. 汉字 ‎④It was entirely in character for Mary to put her bady first. 特点 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)in character　　　　　　　　 符合某人的性格 out of character 不符合某人的性格 ‎(2)characteristic (of) adj. 表现特点的 n. 特征，特点 ‎[练通]　完成句子 ‎⑤She resembles her sister in appearance but not in_character. ‎ 她外貌上像她的姐姐，性格上却不同。‎ ‎⑥What else could make him behave so out_of_character? ‎ 还有什么能让他做出这种如此失常的行为来？‎ ‎⑦The need to communicate is a_key_characteristic_of_human_society.‎ 需要交流是人类社会最重要的一个特征。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑧(2015·陕西高考书面表达)我在性格上外向、随和，所以我能与我的同班同学相处融洽。‎ I_am_outgoing_and_easygoing_in_character,_so_I_can_get_along_well_with_my_classmates.‎ ‎3．equal adj.平等的；相等的；胜任的 n．(地位等)相同的人；对手；相等的事物 vt.等于，比得上 ‎[辨清]　写出下列句中equal的词性和含义 ‎①Little joy can equal that of a surprising ending when you read stories.vt.‎ 等于，比得上 ‎②I am not equal to the position, so I don't apply for it.adj. 胜任的 ‎③Such behavior is, to my mind, without equal all over the world.n. 相等的事物 ‎④One chocolate bar like this is equal to a large meal in calorie intake.adj. 相等的 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)be equal to (doing) sth. 　 等于/胜任(做)某事 ‎(2)A equals B in ...A 在……方面比得上B/与B相匹敌 ‎(3)equality n. 平等 equally adv. 相等地；同等地；均等地；同样地 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎⑤She was determined that she would be equal to any test the corporation put to her.‎ ‎⑥Nobody can equal him in courage, about which every one knows.‎ ‎⑦Men and women must be treated equally (equal) in education and employment.‎ ‎⑧Don't you believe in equality_ (equal) between men and women?‎ 完成句子 ‎⑨For another, be positive and cheerful, for your mental health ‎ is_equal_to_your_physical_health.‎ 其次，要积极向上和开心，因为你的心理健康和身体健康同等重要。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑩(2018·浙江高考书面表达)正是上述优势能让我胜任做这项工作。‎ It_is_those_advantages_above_that_make_me_equal_to_doing_the_job.‎ ‎4．struggle vi.& n．斗争；拼搏；努力；挣扎 ‎[记牢]‎ struggle for　　　　　　　 　　　 为……而斗争 struggle with/against sb./sth. 与某人/某物做斗争 struggle to do sth. 努力做某事 struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来 ‎[练通]　完成句子 ‎①The two boxers struggled_with/against_each_other and the referee separated them.‎ 两位拳击手扭打在了一起，裁判把他们分开了。‎ ‎②India had to struggle_to_beat defending champions South Korea 2－0.‎ 印度队苦战之下才以2比0击败卫冕冠军韩国队。‎ ‎③The soldier was wounded badly but he struggled_to_his_feet at last.‎ 这个士兵受了重伤，但最后还是挣扎着站了起来。‎ ‎④They had to struggle_for_their_lives against weather and wild animals.‎ 他们为了生存不得不与天气和野生动物做斗争。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑤(2018·北京高考书面表达)从现在起，你应该为你的今后做准备。为你的梦想而奋斗，你就会获得北京大学的录取通知书。‎ From_now_on,_you_should_prepare_yourself_for_your_future._Struggle_for_your_dream_and_you_will_get_the_offer_from_Peking_University.‎ ‎5．compete vi.比赛，竞争 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)compete for ...　　　　　　　　 为……而竞争 compete with/against ... 与……竞争 compete in ... 在……方面竞争；‎ ‎ 参加……比赛 ‎(2)competition n. 竞争，竞赛 competitor n. 参赛者；对手 competitive adj. 竞争性的 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①I will attend the annual English Speech Competition(compete) held in our school a week later.‎ ‎②Living in a highly competitive (compete) society, you definitely have to arm yourself with modern technology and skills.‎ ‎③To her joy, her son was selected to compete in the London marathon.‎ 完成句子 ‎④Athletes from many countries competed_with/against_each_other_for the first gold medal in the Olympic Games.‎ 来自许多国家的运动员为获得奥运会的第一枚金牌而彼此竞争。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑤(2014·天津高考书面表达)我们可以和来自其他大学的学生在辩论比赛或演讲比赛中竞争。‎ We_can_compete_with/against_students_from_other_universities_in_debate_contests_or_speech_contests.‎ ‎6．amazing adj.令人惊异的 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)It's amazing that ...　　　令人惊讶的是……‎ ‎(2)amaze vt. 使惊奇，使惊诧 It amazes sb. that ...＝What amazes sb. is that ...‎ ‎ 使某人惊奇的是……‎ ‎(3)amazed adj. 吃惊的，惊奇的 be amazed at/by ... 对……感到惊讶 be amazed to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶 ‎(4)amazement n. 惊奇，惊愕 to one's amazement 令某人惊讶的是 in amazement 惊愕地 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①It is an amazing discovery so we are amazed at it; to our greater amazement,_it was a disabled man who made this discovery.(amaze)‎ ‎②Hearing my words, the girl looked at me_in_amazement.‎ ‎③Visitors are amazed to_find (find) that great changes have taken place in Shanghai within a year.‎ ‎④We were completely amazed at/by the wonder and the greatness of nature.‎ 句型转换 ‎⑤What amazed me was that the old man devoted all his money to supporting the local school.‎ ‎→To my amazement,_the old man devoted all his money to supporting the local school.‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑥(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)在这次展览中，你能看到有着各种各样图案的令人惊异的剪纸。‎ In_this_exhibition,_you_can_see_amazing_papercutting_with_all_kinds_of_patterns.‎ ‎7．promote vt.促进，提升 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)promote sb. (from sth.) to sth.‎ ‎ 把某人(从某职位)提升到某职位 be promoted to 被提升为……‎ ‎(2)promoter n. 发起者，赞助者 promotion n. 提升，提拔，晋升；促进，推销 ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎①While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted/promotion (promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty.‎ ‎②Because of his good performance, he was promoted to a higher position in the company.‎ ‎③Teachers take part in the teaching activities as a promoter (promote)．‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎④(2017·天津高考书面表达) 为了成为一名优秀的志愿者，我必须通过阅读一些关于天津的资料来提升自己。‎ In_order_to_be_an_excellent_volunteer,_I_have_to_promote_myself_by_reading_some_materials_about_Tianjin.‎ ‎8．react vi.反应；发生作用 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)react to　　　　　　　　　 对……作出反应 react with 与……起(化学)反应 react against 反对；反抗 react on/upon 对……有影响 ‎(2)reaction n. 反应 in reaction to 对……的反应 ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎①Which of the metals in the table reacts the most with oxygen and water?‎ ‎②Children tend to react against their parents by going against their wishes.‎ ‎③How did the audience react to his lecture?‎ ‎④He was surprised that his answer should have caused such a strong reaction (react)．‎ ‎⑤An emergency fund was set up in reaction to the famine.‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑥(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)我们想知道学生们对这部短片的反应如何，并欢迎任何建议。‎ We_wonder_how_the_students_react_to_this_short_film_and_welcome_any_suggestions.‎ ‎9．involve vt.涉及，参与 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)involve sb.in (doing) sth.　 使某人参与(做)某事；‎ ‎ 使某人牵扯到某事中 involve doing sth. 包括做某事；需要做某事 ‎(2)involved adj. 复杂的；有牵连的；有关的 get/be involved in 被卷入……之中；‎ ‎ 热衷于；专心于 be/get involved with sb./sth. 与某人混在一起；‎ ‎ 和某事有密切联系 ‎(3)involvement n. 参与；加入；沉迷 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.‎ ‎②Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which involves spending (spend) quite a lot of time with students.‎ ‎③In a recent book, he advocated much more government involvement (involve) in health care.‎ ‎④He's smart enough to know that if he gets involved with that crowd, he's getting into trouble.‎ 完成句子 ‎⑤It benefited me a lot to preview lessons, get_actively_involved_in_class,_and review what had been taught after class.‎ 课前预习、课堂上积极参与以及课后复习所学知识，让我受益匪浅。‎ ‎[用准]　involved adj.作前置定语时，意为“复杂的”；作后置定语时，意为“涉及的”。如an involved sentence“一个复杂的句子”；the people involved“所涉及的人”。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑥(2016·江苏高考书面表达)在线投票变得越来越受欢迎，许多比赛让人们参与其中。‎ Online_voting_has_become_increasingly_popular,_and_many_competitions_involve_people_in_it._‎ ‎ [词汇过关综合训练]　‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．More seniors are looking for an independent lifestyle and better quality (质量) of life.‎ ‎2．Betty's main strength is her ability to keep calm (沉着的) no matter how urgent the situation is.‎ ‎3．She has a gift for creating an atmosphere (气氛) for her students which allows them to communicate freely with each other.‎ ‎4．Every day each of us makes decisions that involve (包括) taking a chance.‎ ‎5．All athletes (运动员) want to participate in the Olympic Games to be held in 2020.‎ ‎6．Both my brothers are reporters (记者)．Covering events, meetings or sports meetings is their duty.‎ ‎7．Many people wrote articles on why Larry had failed to compete in the event ‎ (比赛项目)．‎ ‎8．Harvard University, founded (创办) in 1636, is one of the oldest universities in the United States.‎ ‎9．Perhaps there's a negative side to his character (性格) that you haven't seen yet.‎ ‎10．We were late to get to the airport, but fortunately (幸运地) our plane was delayed.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．You must have a good education, but practical training is equally (equal) important.‎ ‎2．To our amazement (amaze), the face of the city keeps on changing every day.‎ ‎3．They were asked how angrily they would react to specific attack, such as being criticized by others.‎ ‎4．The test will involve answering (answer) questions about a photograph.‎ ‎5．Life is like a long race where we often compete with/against others to go beyond ourselves.‎ ‎6．Don't lose heart.There are many chances for you to get promoted (promote) in this firm.‎ ‎7．Research has shown that taking at least one day off a week reduces the frequency of overuse injuries (injure)．‎ ‎8．We will go back to normal when things calm down.‎ ‎9．The company is struggling to_find (find) buyers for its new product.‎ ‎10．Nobody knows whether he has enough confidence (confident) to carry on this career.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．It is a clean, beautiful and modern one, with a large playground and an amazed digital readingroom._amazed→amazing ‎2．Taking everything into consideration, he's equal to run the office.run→running ‎3．Apart from blue eyes, blonde hair is also characteristic about Swedish people. about→of ‎ ‎4．In the face of great danger, it's important to keep calmly.calmly→calm ‎5．Nicky's job as a public relations director involves spend quite a lot of time with other people.spend→spending ‎ Ⅳ.完成句子 ‎1．Struggling_to_his_feet,_the boxer continued his match.‎ 拳击手挣扎着站了起来继续比赛。‎ ‎2．Several companies have announced their intention to compete_for_the_construction_‎ project.‎ 有几家公司已经宣布他们打算竞争这项建筑工程。‎ ‎3．The area is_being_promoted_as a tourist destination.‎ 这个地区正在被推广为一个旅游点。‎ ‎4．The firefighters kept/remained/stayed_calm in face of great danger, which surprised us all greatly.‎ 面对巨大危险，消防员们还能保持镇静，这使我们都非常吃惊。‎ ‎5．In my opinion, nobody but him is_equal_to_the_job,_for he has good skills in it.‎ 在我看来，除了他没有哪个人能够胜任这份工作，因为他在这方面有着高超的技能。‎ ‎(一)课前自主学习 ‎1．millions_of　　[串记1]　　 　 数百万 ‎2．in_my_opinion [串记2] 在我看来 ‎3．give_up 放弃 ‎4．on_one's_own 单独地，独立地；靠自己 ‎5．pull_through 渡过难关；使从(受伤)中 ‎ 活下来 ‎6．come_to_do_something 开始(认识、理解)‎ ‎7．get_on 融洽相处；进展 ‎8．far_too 太，极为 ‎9．come_off_it 别胡扯 ‎10．lift_off 发射，起飞，升空 ‎11．come_to_an_end 　[串记3] 结束 ‎12．let_out 解脱；放出去，发出；泄露 ‎13．get_involved_with [串记4] 参加，参与 ‎14．in_the_course_of 在……的过程中 ‎15．compete_against 与……竞争 ‎[同根短语串记]‎ 串记1.“数字”短语全接触 ‎①hundreds of数百 ②thousands of数千 ‎③millions of数百万 ④billions of数十亿 ‎⑤hundreds of thousands of成千上万 串记2.“依我看”表达种种 ‎①in my view/opinion ②as far as I know ‎③as far as I'm concerned ④personally speaking ‎⑤from my point of view ⑥as I see it 串记3.end相关短语聚焦 ‎①at an end结束 ②at the end of在……尽头 ‎③by the end of到……结束时 ④come to an end结束 串记4.“参加，参与”短语大团圆 ‎①get involved with ②take part in ‎③participate in ④join in ‎⑤have a hand in ⑥go in for ‎1．because of the zero gravity 由于零重力 ‎2．climb out of the spaceship 爬出飞船 ‎3．be full of drugs and violence 充满毒品和暴力 ‎4．do the dishes 洗餐具 ‎5．be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格 ‎6．wave to the crowds 向人群挥手 ‎7．make amazing progress 取得惊人的进步 ‎8．draw public attention to 引起了公众对……关注 ‎9．make speeches 做演讲 ‎10．remember him as a superhero 记住他这个超级英雄 ‎1．We were_driving along a country lane when suddenly a car drove past us. ‎ 我们正沿着一条乡村车道行驶，这时突然有一辆轿车超过了我们。‎ ‎2．Jennifer was in the kitchen, with_her_hands_in_a_bowl_of_flour,_when she saw a small boy climb into a truck.‎ 珍妮弗在厨房里，双手在面粉碗里和面，这时她看到一个小男孩爬进了一辆卡车里。‎ ‎3．Brandi, the sisters' mother, taught her daughters at home so that they completed their high school while_developing_their_tennis_careers.‎ 布兰迪，这对姐妹的母亲，在家里教她的女儿们，使得她们在发展网球事业的同时也完成了高中学业。‎ ‎4．Give_me_a_challenge_and I'll meet it with joy.‎ 给我一个挑战，我会欣然接受。‎ ‎ [学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词块与句式 ‎1．(2018·浙江高考完形)He said that if he quit the job, he would lose his drive to work and succeed. (用本单元短语升级加黑部分) gave_up ‎2．(2016·北京高考阅读A)As for the working environment, Tanis prefers working by ‎ herself.(用本单元短语升级加黑部分) on_her_own ‎3．(2015·陕西高考阅读B)The dog had initially been knocked unconscious (失去知觉的) but had survived by drinking water from a fresh stream at the base of the cliff.(用本单元短语升级加黑词汇) pulled_through 高考采撷(二)　写作中的词块与句式 ‎(根据汉语及提示翻译句子)‎ ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)而且，随着体育馆的建立，许多体育盛事可以在此举行，其中乒乓球、足球和赛跑非常受欢迎。(with的复合结构)‎ Moreover,_with_the_stadium_set_up,_a_wide_range_of_sports_events_are_able_to_be_held_here,_of_which_pingpong,_together_with_football_and_running_competitions_enjoys_great_popularity.‎ ‎2．(2018·江苏高考书面表达)在我看来，你可以使用排名作为参考点，但不能完全依赖它。(in my opinion)‎ In_my_opinion,_you_can_use_the_ratings_as_a_reference_point_but_cannot_completely_depend_on_them.‎ ‎3．(2016·北京高考书面表达)必要时告诉我，我会给你寄些书的。(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)‎ Tell_me_when_necessary_and_I'll_send_you_some_books.‎ ‎(二)课堂重点释疑 ‎ [短语集释]‎ ‎1．give up放弃；戒除；让出；停止 ‎[记牢]‎ give up (doing) sth.　 放弃/停止/戒除(做)某事 give away 赠送；分发；泄露；出卖 give in 屈服，让步，投降(后接to)‎ give off 发出(光、热、气味等)‎ give out 分发；公布；精疲力竭；用完，耗尽 ‎[练通]　用give的相关短语填空 ‎①Officials say they won't give_in to the workers' demands. ‎ ‎②I tried to persuade him to give_up drinking, but he wouldn't listen to me.‎ ‎③My money was beginning to give_out and there were no jobs to be found.‎ ‎④I was afraid the kids would give_the whole thing away.‎ ‎⑤If plastic and rubber are burnt, they'll give_off poisonous gases.‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑥(2018·北京高考书面表达)一旦你确定来北京深造，你就不要放弃学习汉语。‎ Once_you_have_decided_to_go_to_Beijing_for_further_study,_you_should_not_give_up_learning_Chinese.‎ ‎2．pull through使从(受伤)中活下来；渡过难关 ‎[记牢]‎ pull down　　　　　　 拉下；拆毁；摧毁；推翻 pull up 向上拉；(使)停下 pull out 拔掉；离开；(火车)离站 pull in (to) 到站；(火车)进站 pull together 齐心协力 ‎[练通]　完成句子 ‎①Thanks to his strong constitution, Jack was able to pull_through his recent serious illness.‎ 多亏了杰克强壮的体质，他才能熬过了最近的重病。‎ ‎②A train pulled_out after a distant pause. ‎ 停留片刻后，火车离站。‎ ‎③He waited several minutes for a car to pull_up alongside. ‎ 他等了几分钟，直到一辆汽车靠边停下。‎ ‎④When someone was talking with her, a train pulled_in.‎ 当有人和她说话时，火车进站了。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑤(2018·北京高考书面表达)我相信你会克服语言障碍，渡过难关。‎ I_am_sure_you_will_overcome_the_language_barrier_and_pull_through_the_difficulties.‎ ‎3．get on融洽相处；进展；上(车、船等)；继续进行下去 ‎[记牢]‎ get on/along with　　 　 进展；与……相处 get across sth. (to sb.) 将(想法、信息等)传达给某人(无被动语态)‎ get around 四处走动(旅行)；(消息等)传播 get away with 做错事未受惩罚 get through 通过；完成；接通(电话)‎ get down to (doing) 开始认真处理/对待；开始做 ‎ get over 克服困难；解决(问题)‎ ‎[练通]　用get的相关短语填空 ‎①Bruce has always been getting_on well with his neighbours since he moved here.‎ ‎②Having finished the housework, she got_down_to preparing the speech for the next week.‎ ‎③Looking back on my past few years, my friends gave me so much help that I could get_over difficulties which I had to face with.‎ ‎④A good lecturer is supposed to manage to get_across to the listeners what he means.‎ ‎⑤I rang you several times yesterday but couldn't get_through.‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑥(2014·天津高考书面表达)此外，每个学生会与外国朋友保持和睦，这使你们容易与他们相处。‎ In addition, every student can be in harmony with foreign friends, which makes it easy for you to get on with them.‎ ‎[句式集释]‎ ‎1．be doing ... when ...“正在做……这时(突然)……”‎ ‎[教材原句]　We were_driving along a country lane when suddenly a car drove past us.‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)She was_walking_along the bank of the river when she heard a cry for help.‎ 她正沿着河岸走，这时她听到一阵呼救声。‎ ‎(2)Seated in the classroom, I was_about_to_take my books out when suddenly I became frozen.‎ ‎＝Seated in the classroom, I was_on_the_point_of_taking my books out when suddenly I became frozen.‎ 坐在教室里，我正要拿出我的书时，这时我突然愣住了。‎ ‎(3)I had_just_turned_on the computer when my parents came back.‎ 我刚刚打开电脑，这时我父母回来了。‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 ‎(1)be doing sth. when ...‎ 正在做某事，这时突然……‎ ‎(2)be about to do sth. when ...‎ ‎＝be on the point of doing sth. when ...‎ ‎ 正要做某事，这时突然……‎ ‎(3)had (just) done sth. when ...‎ ‎ 刚做了某事，这时突然……‎ 注意事项 在“be about to ... when ...”结构中，when通常翻译为“就在那时/这时”，相当于at that time。‎ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)(2018·江苏高考满分作文)Sometimes based on the ratings, I had just bought my beloved backpack when I felt confused.(要点句)‎ ‎(2)(2016·浙江高考满分作文)She was about to set off when a familiar shadow suddenly came into her sight.(要点句)‎ ‎2．with 复合结构 ‎[教材原句]　Jennifer was in the kitchen, with_her_hands_in_a_bowl_of_flour,_when she saw a small boy climb into a truck.‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)He stood in the rain, with_his_clothes_wet.‎ 他站在雨中，衣服湿透了。‎ ‎(2)With her eyes fixed (fix) on the work attentively, she didn't know what was happening outside. ‎ 她聚精会神工作，不知道外面发生的事情。‎ ‎(3)He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring (stare) at him.‎ 全班同学都盯着他看，他感到更不自然了。‎ ‎(4)With so many essays to_write (write), he won't have time to go shopping this morning.‎ 有这么多文章要写，他今天早上没有时间去购物。‎ ‎(5)The child with_only_a_shirt_on was trembling with cold.‎ 只穿着一件衬衫的那个孩子冻得直发抖。‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 with her hands in a bowl of flour是with复合结构，在本句中作状语。“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”构成的复合结构作状语时，表原因、条件、方式等。主要结构如下：‎ with＋宾语＋ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)(2018·江苏高考满分作文)With the ratings gaining popularity, more and more people have turned to ratings for help in terms of consumption.(要点句)‎ ‎(2)(2016·江苏高考满分作文)With the rapid development of the Internet, online voting has been gaining popularity.(要点句)‎ ‎(3)(2013·辽宁高考满分作文)With the beautiful moon up in the sky, we sit together and eat moon cakes and fruit, sharing our stories.(要点句)‎ ‎[词块、句式过关综合训练]　‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 give up， come to an end， far too， get on， pull through， compete against， let out， on one's own， get involved with， in my opinion ‎1．If you grow up in a large family, you are more likely to develop the ability to get_on well with others.‎ ‎2．Everyone was very concerned whether he would pull_through or not.‎ ‎3．Jim competed_against the world's best runners in the Games and did well to come third.‎ ‎4．As long as you don't give_up and try your best, you will get to the top of the mountain.‎ ‎5．You'd better not get_involved_with her because she is always telling lies.‎ ‎6．It's a far_too long journey to make in one day.‎ ‎7．He sat there for a long time, and then let_out a loud sigh.‎ ‎8．She can't finish the job on_her_own. It's quite difficult.‎ ‎9．When the meeting finally came_to_an_end,_most people were tired and hungry.‎ ‎10．In_my_opinion,_neither you nor he has met the standard.‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．I was_doing_my_homework_when one of my classmates came.‎ 我正在做作业，这时我的一个同学来了。‎ ‎2．With_a_lot_of_work_to_do,_I have no time to go out with you.‎ 有许多工作要做，我没有时间和你出去。‎ ‎3．While_giving_us_a_speech,_the professor fainted all of a sudden.‎ 教授在给我们做演讲的时候，突然晕倒了。‎ ‎4．A sense of humor enables him to get_along_well_with_others.‎ 幽默感使他能与人相处融洽。‎ ‎5．Follow_the_doctor's_advice,_and you will get better soon.‎ 听从医生的建议，你很快就会好起来的。‎ Ⅲ.分步写作 假如你是李华，你在网站上看到美国学生Mike想和一个中国学生交友的信息。请你根据以下提示给他写一封信，内容包括：‎ ‎1．表达希望与之交友的意愿；‎ ‎2．简单的自我介绍；‎ ‎3．询问对方的情况。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点 本写作为应用文中普通书信，时态以一般现在时为主，人称为第一人称。布局包括三个方面：一是表达希望与之交友的意愿(看到帖子，乐意成为你的朋友)；二是简单的自我介绍(新华中学的高三学生，18岁)；三是询问对方的情况(期待着了解你)。‎ 要点1：我很高兴在网上看到你想与一个中国学生交朋友的帖子，我乐意成为你的朋友。‎ I_am_glad_to_read_your_post_about_making_friends_with_a_Chinese_student_on_the_Internet._I_will_be_glad_to_be_your_friend.‎ 要点2：我是李华，一名就读于新华中学的高三学生，今年18岁。‎ I_am_Li_Hua,_a_Senior_3_student_studying_in_Xin_Hua_Middle_School.I_am_18_years_old.‎ 要点3：我期待着了解更多关于你的事情。‎ I'm_expecting_to_know_something_more_about_you.‎ 第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼 要点1，可以补充内容(现在我将向你介绍一下我自己)，这样可以自然过渡到正文；要点2的拓展是这篇文章的核心部分，可以描述一下自己的性格(外向的、乐观的)、自己的特长(不仅擅长英语口语，还擅长书面英语)并邀请对方来中国(如果你游中国，我将担任你的导游。)，不妨使用“by＋将来时间”，not only ... but also，if引导的条件状语从句等高级句式使表达更生动、贴切。‎ 拓展1：我很高兴在网上看到你想与一个中国学生交朋友的帖子，我渴望成为你的朋友。现在我将向你介绍一下我自己。(and 并列句， desire, introduce)‎ I_am_glad_to_read_your_post_about_making_friends_with_a_Chinese_student_on_the_Internet_and_I_desire_to_be_your_friend._Now,_I'm_going_to_introduce_myself_to_you.‎ 拓展2－①：我是李华，一名就读于新华中学的高三学生，今年18岁。我很外向、大方、自信和对生活充满热情。 (现在分词作定语， be enthusiastic about)‎ I_am_Li_Hua,_a_Senior_3_student_studying_in_Xin_Hua_Middle_School._I_am_18_years_old._I'm_outgoing,_generous,_confident_and_enthusiastic_about_my_life._‎ 拓展2－②：到下个月，我已经学了九年英语了。我不仅擅长英语口语，还擅长书面英语。在你的帮助下，我相信我们可以很好地沟通。(by＋将来时间， not only ... but also ...)‎ By_next_month,_I_will_have_learned_English_for_nine_years._I_am_good_not_only_at_spoken_English_but_also_at_written_English._With_the_help_of_you,_I_believe_that_we_can_‎ communicate_with_each_other_well.‎ 拓展2－③：我以前假期里参加过一些旅游活动。如果你有时间游览中国，我将荣幸地担任你的导游，并带你参观许多名胜古迹。(get involved with, if引导的条件状语从句)‎ I've_got_involved_with_some_traveling_activities_during_vacations_before._If_you_have_time_to_pay_a_visit_to_China,_I'll_be_honored_to_be_your_guide_and_show_you_around_a_lot_of_places_of_interest.‎ 拓展3：我期待着了解你的更多情况，请尽快给我写信。(look forward to, 祈使句)‎ I'm_looking_forward_to_knowing_something_more_about_you.Please_write_to_me_as_soon_as_possible.‎ 第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡 根据语篇中的并列、因果、递进、转折等关系，可添加连接词meanwhile， so， besides等使文章前后衔接，过渡自然。‎ Dear_Mike，‎ I_am_glad_to_read_your_post_about_making_friends_with_a_Chinese_student_on_the_Internet_and_I_desire_to_be_your_friend._Now,_I'm_going_to_introduce_myself_to_you.‎ I_am_Li_Hua,_a_Senior_3_student_studying_in_Xin_Hua_Middle_School._I_am_18_years_old._Meanwhile,_I'm_outgoing,_generous,_confident_and_enthusiastic_about_my_life._By_next_month,_I_will_have_learned_English_for_nine_years._I_am_good_not_only_at_spoken_English_but_also_at_written_English._So_with_the_help_of_you,_I_believe_that_we_can_communicate_with_each_other_well._Besides,_I've_got_involved_with_some_traveling_activities_during_vacations_before._If_you_have_time_to_pay_a_visit_to_China,_I'll_be_honored_to_be_your_guide_and_show_you_around_a_lot_of_places_of_interest.‎ I'm_looking_forward_to_knowing_something_more_about_you.Please_write_to_me_as_soon_as_possible.‎ Yours，‎ Li_Hua 理清文体结构之(二)　应用文之活动介绍——明活动特色，据题眼定答案 活动介绍类应用文常常包括多项活动，其结构和内容基本相同，但各个活动具有明显的特色，它们正是命题的切入点。抓住这些特色就抓住了解决此类文章的灵魂，做题时再根据题眼(题干中的关键词)与这些特色进行匹配，即可快速确定答案，从而做到“速读文，快答题”。‎ ‎[高考典例]　2018·全国卷Ⅰ·A篇 ‎[明活动特色]‎ ‎[高考典例]　2018·全国卷Ⅰ·A篇 ‎[读文解题技法]‎ 标题两要素：‎ 活动1◄‎ 四项各具特色的活动 活动2◄‎ 活动3◄‎ 活动4◄‎ 标题两要素：地点、方式 Washington, D．C.Bicycle Tours Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D．C. ‎ Duration: 3 hours This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the worldfamous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D．C.Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability — and the cherry blossoms — disappear！‎ Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour Duration: 3 hours (4 miles)‎ Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D．C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.‎ Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D．C.‎ Duration: 3 hours Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D．C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D．C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route (路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.‎ Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour Duration: 3 hours (7 miles)‎ Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D．C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders ‎ ‎1.由标题，明主题 从文章标题可看出，本文介绍了在华盛顿特区进行的自行车旅行活动。‎ ‎2.看分类，总体把握 由下面4个副标题可知，本文分类介绍了4项活动，包括行程和活动安排。‎ ‎3.划出特色，为解题做铺垫 在4项活动的介绍中划出具有特色的字眼，因为这往往是命题的切入点，为后面解题奠定基础。‎ ‎4.找出题眼，比对“特色”定答案 找到题干中的题眼，然后到文中寻找读文时划出的“特色点”并与之比对，即可确定答案。‎ are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.‎ ‎[找出题眼·比对“特色”定答案]‎ ‎21．Which tour do you need to？‎ A．Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D．C.‎ B．Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.‎ C．Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D．C.‎ D．Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.‎ ‎22. What will you do on the？‎ A．Meet famous people.‎ B．Go to a national park.‎ C．Visit wellknown museums.‎ D．Enjoy interesting stories.‎ ‎23．Which of the following does the bicycle tour provide?‎ A．City maps.　　　　　　 B．Cameras.‎ C．Meals. D．Safety lights.‎ ‎[答案]　21.A　22.D　23.D ‎21．题眼活动1中划出的特色“Reserve”，根据同义释义确定答案 ‎22．题眼活动3中划出的特色“the most interesting stories”，直接确定答案 ‎23．题眼活动4中划出的特色，直接确定答案