2020届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit4Wildlifeprotection单元学案（39页）

2020届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit4Wildlifeprotection单元学案（39页）

‎2020届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit4Wildlife protection单元学案 ‎(一)课前自主学习 ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意 ‎1．wildlife n．　　　　　　　 野生动植物 ‎2．habitat n. 栖息地；(动植物的)自然环境 ‎3．threaten vt.&vi. 恐吓；威胁 ‎4．endanger vt. 危害；使受到危险 ‎5．zone n. 地域；地带；地区 ‎6．species n. 种类；物种 ‎7．rub vt. 擦；摩擦 ‎8．insect n. 昆虫 ‎9．extinction n. 灭绝；消亡 Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形 ‎1．wild adj. 野生的；野的；未开发的；荒凉的 ‎2．decrease vi.& vt. 减少；(使)变小；或变少 ‎3．loss n. 损失；遗失；丧失 ‎4．hunt vt.&vi. 打猎；猎取；搜寻 ‎5．laughter n. 笑；笑声 ‎6．certain adj. 确定的；某一；一定 ‎7．importance n. 重要(性)‎ ‎8．contain vt. 包含；容纳；容忍 ‎9．powerful adj.[纵联1] 强大的；有力的 ‎10．affect vt. 影响；感动；侵袭 ‎11．attention n. 注意；关注；注意力 ‎12．income n. 收入 ‎13．inspect vt. 检查；视察 ‎14．incident n．　[纵联2] 事件；事变 ‎15．disappearance n. 消失 ‎16．fierce adj. 凶猛的；猛烈的 ‎17._ending n．　[纵联3] 结局；结尾 ‎18．reserve n. 保护区 Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变 ‎1．appreciate vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到→appreciation n．感激；感谢 ‎2．secure adj.安全的；可靠的→security n．安全 ‎3．respond vi.回答；响应；做出反应→response n．回答；反应；响应 ‎4．distant adj.远的；远处的；疏远的→distance n．距离；远方；疏远 ‎5．relief n．(痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物→relieve vt.使减轻；缓解 ‎6．succeed vi.成功vt.接替；继任→success n．成功→successful adj.成功的→successfully adv.成功地 ‎7．employ vt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等)→employer n．雇主→employee ‎ n．雇员；雇工→employment n．雇用；就业；职业；工作[纵联4]‎ ‎8．harm n．&vt.损害；危害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的 ‎9．protection n．保护→protect vt.保护；防卫 ‎10．mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；怜悯→merciful adj.仁慈的；怜悯的 ‎ ‎ 纵联1.后缀ful家族真强大 ‎①powerful强大的；有力的 　 ②harmful有害的 ‎③doubtful怀疑的；疑惑的 ④faithful守信的 ‎⑤forgetful健忘的 ⑥helpful有帮助的 ‎⑦hopeful充满希望的 ⑧skillful熟练的 ‎⑨successful成功的 ⑩wonderful精彩的 纵联2.“事事”相连 ‎①incident n. 事件；事变 the July 7th Incident 七七事变 ‎②accident n. 事故 traffic accident 交通事故 ‎③event n. 重大事件；比赛项目 sports event 体育赛事 纵联3.“派生名词(v.＋ing)”集锦 ‎①ending结局；结尾 ②training训练；培养 ‎③feeling感觉；感情 ④painting绘画；油画 ‎⑤meeting会议 ⑥beginning开始；开端 纵联4.“雇用”家族 ‎①hire v．& n. ②take on ‎③on hire ④employ v．→employment n.‎ ‎⑤engage v．→engagement n.‎ ‎ ‎ 单元话题——动植物保护 子话题1　植物 ‎ ‎①root n．根；根茎 ②bamboo n．竹子 ‎③branch n．树枝；分枝 ④bush n．灌木丛 ‎⑤fibre (美fiber) n．纤维 ⑥maple n．枫树 ‎⑦pine n．松树 ⑧botanical adj.植物学的 子话题2　动物 ‎①insect n．昆虫 ②beast n．野兽；牲畜 ‎③butterfly n．蝴蝶 ④tortoise n. 乌龟 ‎ ‎⑤giraffe n．长颈鹿 ⑥goose (复 geese) n．鹅 ‎⑦kangaroo n．袋鼠 ⑧squirrel n．松鼠 ‎⑨creature n．生物；动物 ⑩leopard n．豹 子话题3　生物保护 ‎①evolution n. 进化；演变 ‎②ecology n. 生态；生态学 ‎③primitive adj. 原始的；远古的 ‎④breakthrough n. 重大进展；突破 ‎⑤clone n. 克隆(无性繁殖出来的个体)‎ ‎⑥endangered adj. 濒临灭绝的 ‎⑦natural reserve 自然保护区 ‎⑧protect wildlife 保护野生生物 ‎[学考对接•活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词汇应用 ‎1．(2014•全国卷Ⅱ阅读A)During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping.He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone.He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important❶ papers, including his passport.‎ He reported the case to the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in a strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organised again from a distant❷ country while trying to settle down in a new one.‎ ‎①写出加黑词在本单元中的同根名词：importance_‎ ‎②选择distant在句中的含义：__B__‎ A．疏远的　　　B．遥远的　　　C．远亲的 ‎2．(2013•天津高考阅读B) There is yet a population besides professional and amateur star observers that suffers even more from light pollution.This population consists of birds, bats, frogs, snakes, etc.For example, outdoor lighting severely affects❶ migrating(迁徙的)birds. ‎ According to the International DarkSky Association, “100 million birds a year throughout North America die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers.”‎ Countless more animal casualties (伤亡) result from the use of artificial lighting.Clearly, people enjoy the benefits of lighting their evenings, but some scientists think it can be harmful❷ for humans, too.They worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase❸ a person’s chances of getting cancer.‎ ‎①写出加彩词在句中的含义：影响 ‎②写出harmful在本单元中的同根名词：_harm_‎ ‎③写出increase在本单元中的反义词：_decrease_‎ 高考采撷(二)　写作中的词汇应用 ‎(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)‎ ‎1．(2016•天津高考书面表达)我们最为欣赏的是你们有强烈的团队精神，使我们高效地完成了任务。(appreciate)‎ What_we_appreciated_most_was_that_you_had_a_strong_teamwork_spirit,_which_allowed_us_to_complete_our_tasks_very_efficiently.‎ ‎2. (2014•福建高考书面表达)只要我们热情地追求我们的梦想，我们最终一定会成功。(succeed)‎ As_long_as_we_have_the_enthusiasm_to_follow_our_dream,_we_are_sure_to_succeed_eventually.‎ ‎ (二)课堂重点释疑 ‎1．contain vt.包含；容纳；容忍；克制(强烈的感情等)‎ ‎[记牢]‎ contain oneself　　　　　　 克制自己；自制 container n. 容器 ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎①The stadium is large enough to_contain (contain) 100 thousand audience.‎ ‎②Be especially careful of information contained (contain) in advertisements.‎ ‎③He was so excited that he could hardly contain himself(he)．‎ ‎[辨清]　 contain, include contain 通常用来指某容器中盛有某物、装有某物；还可指某种物质中含有某种成分或含有其他物质，指作为组成部分而被包含或容纳在内 include 通常表示把某事物作为其中的一部分包含在内，在句中常构成分词短语sth.included或including sth.‎ 对比填空(contain/include)‎ ‎④The container contains many kinds of fruits, including a pineapple/a pineapple included.‎ ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎⑤(2017•11月浙江高考写作)饭后，每个人都会收到一个吉祥饰物和一个装着幸运钱的红包，并互相说一些幸运的话语。‎ After the meal, a lucky charm and a red pocket which contains lucky money will be given to everyone and some lucky words are said to each other.‎ ‎2．affect vt.影响；感动；侵袭 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)be affected by　　 　 　 　 受……的影响；被……感动 be affected with 感染……疾病 ‎(2)effect n. 作用；影响 have an effect/influence on 对……产生影响 ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎①The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those whose lives were_affected (affect)．‎ ‎②Affected with a high fever, he continued with his work.‎ ‎③Think of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have an effect on you most deeply.‎ ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎④(2015•江苏高考书面表达)交通问题不仅影响着我们的日常生活，而且也可能威胁到人们的生命。‎ The_traffic_issue_not_only_affects_our_everyday_life,_but may also threaten people’s lives.‎ ‎3. appreciate vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到；欣赏；重视 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)appreciate＋n./pron./v.ing　 重视/感激……‎ I would appreciate it if ... 假如……我将不胜感激 ‎(2)appreciation n. 欣赏；感激 ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎①I’d appreciate your writing (write) me back as soon as possible.‎ ‎②Here I sincerely express my appreciation (appreciate) for helping me find the lost suitcase.‎ ‎[用准]　appreciate后不能用不定式，而要用动名词作宾语。当appreciate, hate, dislike, love, like, depend/rely on等词后接宾语从句时，一般先加it，再接宾语从句。‎ ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎③(2015•陕西高考书面表达) 我曾帮助她成功地举办了几次班级英语活动，这得到了老师和同学们的赞赏。‎ Successfully, I have lent a helping hand to her in several English activities of my class, which_has_been_appreciated_by_both_teachers_and_my_classmates.‎ ‎4．succeed vi.成功vt.接替；继任 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)succeed in doing sth.　　　　 成功地做某事 succeed sb. as 接替某人成为……‎ ‎(2)successful adj. 成功的 be successful in doing sth. 成功地做某事 ‎(3)success n． [U]成功；成就[C]成功的人或事 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①John succeeded Tom as chairman of the Students’ Union.‎ ‎②It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading (persuade) him to change his mind.‎ ‎③Success (succeed) consists in the ability to continue efforts through failures.‎ 单句改错 ‎④Finally, I wish this year’s English speech competition great success. competition后加a ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎⑤(2016•6月浙江高考书面表达)这句名言告诉我们，如果我们想取得成功，不仅要周密计划，还要彻底实施。‎ The_saying_tells_us_that_if_we_want_to_succeed,_we should not only plan carefully but also act it out thoroughly.‎ ‎5．employ vt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等)‎ ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)employ sb. as ...　　　 　　 雇用某人任……(职位)‎ employ sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事 employ oneself in (doing) sth.be employed in (doing) sth. 忙于(做)某事； 从事于某事 ‎(2)employer n. 雇主 employee n. 雇员；雇工；受雇者 employment n. 雇用；使用；工作；职业 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①It is against the law to employ children under sixteen_to_work (work) for any firm or factory.‎ ‎②For the past three years he has been employed as a firefighter.‎ ‎③Chinese law prohibits the employment (employ) of children under 14.‎ 一句多译 她忙着给花浇水，因此没有注意到发生的一切。‎ ‎④She was_employed/employed_herself_in_watering_the_flowers,_so she did not notice what was happening.‎ ‎⑤Employed_in_watering_the_flowers,_she did not notice what was happening.(过去分词短语作状语)‎ ‎⑥Employing_herself_in_watering_the_flowers,_she did not notice what was happening.(现在分词短语作状语)‎ ‎[写美]　升级加彩词汇 ‎⑦(2017•天津高考书面表达)I am busy with my lessons now, for the College Entrance Examination, which is very important to me, is near.am_employed_in ‎[词汇过关综合训练]　 ‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．The boss in that company is unwilling to employ (雇用) female workers.‎ ‎2．Due to the strict traffic regulations on drunk driving, the number of accidents from it has greatly decreased (减少)．‎ ‎3．(2018•天津高考)From the experience I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can affect (影响) the members of a team.‎ ‎4．This incident (事件) really let me know that I have a long way to go.‎ ‎5．When he opened the schoolbag, he found that it contained (包含) two books, a pen and an eraser.‎ ‎6．The building is regularly inspected (检查) by the firesafety officer.‎ ‎7．Success (成功) comes to those who never give up.‎ ‎8．The document is very important and it should be kept in a secure (安全的) place.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．When I heard the sound of the motorboat fade away in the distance (distant), I felt heartbroken.‎ ‎2．We must let everyone know the importance (important) of wildlife protection.‎ ‎3．Yesterday I was caught in a storm. At first, I could feel my heart beating fiercely (fierce). But after a while, I calmed down.‎ ‎4．He appreciated being_given (give) a chance to make a presentation in ‎ the annual seminar on Comparative Literature.‎ ‎5．Mr. Lee decided to fight for the protection (protect) of the environment.‎ ‎6．To our relief (relieve), the missing boy returned, safe and sound.‎ ‎7．It is a rule that our luggage should_be_inspected (inspect) by customs officers.‎ ‎8. Judging by the response of the audience, the performance was quite a success.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．She is a kindhearted woman and often has a mercy on people who are in trouble.去掉mercy前的a ‎2．I suggested he work out a new plan but he didn’t respond it.respond后加to ‎3．It was great relief for him to find nothing had been stolen. great前加a ‎4．She was employed by making a list of all the jobs to be done.by→in ‎5．After the meal, she placed a little box contained an old pen in my hand.‎ contained→containing ‎6．After graduation from college, he began to wander from city to city, hunted for a suitable job.hunted→hunting Ⅳ.一句多译 ‎1．听众被深深地打动了，掌声经久不息。(affect)‎ ‎①The audience was_deeply_affected,_and they warmly applauded for a ‎ long time.‎ ‎②Deeply_affected,_the audience warmly applauded for a long time.(分词作状语)‎ ‎③The audience, who_was_deeply_affected,_warmly applauded for a long time.(定语从句)‎ ‎2．众所周知，观看暴力电视节目真的对孩子有害。‎ ‎①As we know, watching violence on TV really_harms_children. (harm vt.)‎ ‎②As we know, watching violence on TV really does_harm_to_children/does_children_harm. (harm n．)‎ ‎③As we know, watching violence on TV is_really_harmful_to_children. (harmful)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(一)课前自主学习 ‎ ‎ ‎1._die_out [串记1]　　　　　　 灭亡；逐渐消失 ‎2．in_peace 和平地；和睦地；安详地 ‎3．in_danger_(of) 在危险中；垂危 ‎4．in_relief 如释重负；松了口气 ‎5．burst_into_laughter 突然笑起来；大声笑了出来 ‎6．protect_..._from 保护……不受……(危害)‎ ‎7．pay_attention_to [串记2] 注意 ‎8．come_into_being [串记3] 形成；产生 ‎9．according_to 按照；根据……所说 ‎10．so_that 以至于；结果；为了 ‎11．without_mercy 毫不怜悯地 ‎12．do_harm_to 对……有害 ‎[同根短语串记]‎ 串记1.时“隐”时“现”‎ ‎①die out灭亡；逐渐消失 ②disappear vi.消失；失踪 ‎③appear vi.出现 ④show up出现 ‎⑤turn up出现；发生 串记2.pay短语串联 ‎①pay attention to注意 ②pay back偿还；报复 ‎③pay a visit to参观；访问 ④pay for支付 ‎⑤pay off还清(债务等)；付清 串记3.“come into＋n.”短语一览 ‎①come into being 形成；产生 ‎②come into effect/force 开始生效；开始实行 ‎③come into existence 形成；产生；开始存在 ‎④come into power 开始执政 ‎⑤come into use 开始使用 ‎ ‎ ‎1．long to do sth. 渴望做某事 ‎2．turn around 转身；环顾；翻身 ‎3．a certain number of 一定(数)量的 ‎4．almost at once 几乎一转眼 ‎5．an unexpected_incident 一次意外事故 ‎6．for sure 无疑地；确定地 ‎7._in such a short time 在这么短的时间里 ‎8．in the last 500 years 在过去的500年里 ‎9．an endangered species 濒临灭绝的物种 ‎ ‎ ‎1．It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but I’d like to help as_the_WWF_suggests.‎ 这体现了野生动植物保护的重要性，不过，我还是想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议来帮助你们。‎ ‎2．After a while she saw some zebra with_black_and_white_lines_going beneath their stomachs. ‎ 过了一会儿她看到了一些斑马，它们身上有从上一直延伸到腹部的黑白相间的条纹。‎ ‎3．They learned this from the_way the bones were joined together.‎ 他们是根据(恐龙)骨骼的连接方式了解到这一点的。‎ ‎4．This is the only home of the red Colobus monkey but there_are_very_few_left.‎ 这里是红髯猴唯一的家园，但是现在所剩无几了。‎ ‎[学考对接•活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　阅读中的短语(补全句子)‎ ‎1．(2015•四川高考阅读D)Their cheery song brightens many a winter’s day. But robins are in_danger_of (在……危险中) wearing themselves out by singing too much.‎ ‎2．(2014•广东高考完形填空)According_to (根据) a recent research, the most common argument between parents and teenagers is that regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks.‎ 高考采撷(二)　写作中的短语和句式(补全句子)‎ ‎1．(2015•四川高考书面表达)至于说普通话，最好多注意发音。‎ As for speaking Mandarin, it’s better to_pay_much_attention_to_pronunciation.‎ ‎2．(2014•湖南高考写作)众所周知，鞋子在生活中发挥着重要作用，因为它能保护我们的脚不受伤害。(protect ...from)‎ As is known to us all, shoes play an important role in our life, for it can_protect_our_feet_from_being_hurt. ‎ ‎3．(2018•全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)如果你按照我告诉你的去做，我相信你会玩得很愉快。(as)‎ If_you_do_as_I_tell_you,_I am sure you will have a great time.‎ ‎4．(2015•全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)我们学校的报纸上有一个栏目叫“外国文化”。(there be ...)‎ In the newspaper of our school there_is_a_column_called “Foreign ‎ Cultures”. ‎ ‎(二)课堂重点释疑 ‎[短语集释]‎ ‎1．protect ... from保护……不受……(危害)‎ ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)protect ... against　　　　　保护……以免……‎ ‎(2)keep ... from doingstop ...(from) doingprevent ...(from) doing 阻止……做……‎ ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Troops have been sent to protect aid workers against attack.‎ ‎②We should devote ourselves to protecting these animals from being_killed (kill)．‎ 一句多译 必须采取有效措施保护环境免受污染。‎ ‎③Effective measures must be taken to protect the environment from/against pollution.(protect)‎ ‎④Effective measures must be taken to prevent/keep/stop the environment from being polluted.(prevent/keep/stop)‎ ‎[用准]　以上短语在被动语态中from均不可省去，而在主动语态中，与stop/prevent搭配的from可以省略。‎ ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎⑤为了保护中国长江江豚(the finless porpoise)免于灭绝，我们真诚希望你们能采取一些措施。‎ In_order_to_protect_the_finless_porpoises_from_extinction,_we sincerely hope you can help take some measures. ‎ ‎2．pay attention to注意；留意 ‎[记牢]‎ draw/attract/catch one’s attention　 引起某人的注意 turn one’s attention to ... 把注意力转移到……‎ fix/focus/concentrate one’s attention on ...‎ ‎ 把注意力集中在……‎ ‎[练通]　 单句语法填空 ‎①In order to protect the balance of nature, the professor suggested that we (should) pay attention to improving (improve) people’s environmental awareness.‎ ‎②He stood there, his attention fixed (fix) on the notice on the wall.‎ ‎ [写美]　补全句子 ‎③我们要积极参加各种体育运动并注重心理健康，它与身体健康同等重要。‎ We_need_to_be_active_in_all_kinds_of_sports_and_pay_attention_to_mental_health,_which is equal to physical health.‎ ‎[句式集释]‎ 主句＋the way＋定语从句 ‎[教材原句]　They learned this from the_way the bones were joined together.‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)I think you hurt his pride by laughing at the_way_(that/in_which) he speaks English.‎ 我觉得你嘲笑他说英语的方式伤害了他的自尊心。‎ ‎(2)The_way_that/which came up at the meeting was unpractical.在会议上提出的方法不切实际。‎ ‎(3)Is this the way you can imagine to_reduce/of_reducing_air_pollution?‎ 这是你能想到的减少空气污染的方法吗？‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ ‎(1)way表示“方式；方法”时，其后常接in which或that引导的定语从句，也可以将关系词in which或that省略掉，此时关系词在从句中作状语。‎ ‎(2)way后接定语从句时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语则用关系代词that/which，作宾语时还可以省略，作主语时不可省略。‎ ‎(3)way表示“方式；方法”时，其后还可接不定式或of doing sth.形式。‎ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)Yet in modern society somebody has to do ordinary jobs such as cleaning streets because this is the way society is organized.(要点句)‎ ‎(2)School activities are usually considered a good way to make new friends and develop new interests.(要点句)‎ ‎[词块、句式过关综合训练]　 ‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 die out， in danger of， come into being， in peace， according to， protect ...from， burst into laughter， pay attention to ‎1．She was badly wounded and in_danger_of_losing her life at any time.‎ ‎2．More and more animals have been hunted, some of which are dying_out.‎ ‎3．I’m curious to know when the dance club first came_into_being.‎ ‎4._According_to what he said, he didn’t get what he had wanted.‎ ‎5．People of different religions have lived together_in_peace for centuries in this country.　　‎ ‎6．He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.‎ ‎7．We should pay_attention_to the pronunciation of the words when learning English.‎ ‎8．The whole class_burst_into_laughter when they heard the joke.‎ Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子 ‎1．诚实地说，我们钦佩他解决那个问题的方法。(the way)‎ To be honest, we admired the_way_(in_which/that)_he_solved_the_problem.‎ ‎2．许多运动员参加奥运会为的就是能为祖国赢得荣誉。(so that) ‎ Many athletes take part in the Olympic Games so that they can win glory for their homeland. ‎ ‎3．我们最好不要动这些东西，直到警察到来。(as) ‎ We’d better leave_things_as_they_are until the police arrive. ‎ ‎4．快点，我们赶上最后一班车的时间不多了。(there be ... left ...)‎ Hurry up, there_is_little_time_left_for_us to catch up with the last bus. ‎ Ⅲ.分步写作 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Leslie打算到中国成都大熊猫繁育研究基地(Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding) 参观，请你写封邮件，给他一些建议。内容包括：‎ ‎1．出行方式；‎ ‎2．出游季节；‎ ‎3．其他注意事项。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点 ‎1．审题：①文体：建议信　②人称：主要是第二人称 ‎③时态：主要是一般现在时 ‎2．拟点：通过审题，由题目和写作要求可以从以下三个方面来写作。‎ ‎①开头：陈述得知消息后的个人心情。‎ ‎②主体：提出建议，出行方式(乘飞机和高铁)；出游季节(在秋天参观)；其他注意事项(记住穿步行鞋)。‎ ‎③结尾：表达希望。‎ 要点1：我很高兴得知你打算到中国成都大熊猫繁育研究基地参观。‎ ‎(more than)‎ I’m_more_than_glad_to_know_you_will_pay_a_visit_to_Chengdu_Research_Base_of_Giant_Panda_Breeding_in_China. ‎ 要点2－①：对你来说乘飞机和高铁都很方便。‎ It_is_convenient_for_you_to_travel_both_by_airplane_and_by_highspeed_train.‎ 要点2－②：在秋天参观也是一个好主意。‎ It_is_also_a_good_idea_that_you_take_a_tour_in_autumn.‎ 要点2－③：一定要记住穿步行鞋。‎ Do_remember_to_wear_walking_shoes.‎ 要点3：希望你在中国玩得愉快。‎ Hope_you_will_have_a_good_time_in_China.‎ 第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼 为使内容更充实，我们可以通过添加定语或状语对要点进行适度拓展。例如：‎ ‎1．要点2－①可以添加because引导的原因状语从句说明乘飞机和高铁都很方便的原因；‎ ‎2．要点2－②可以添加when引导的定语从句来说明这时候参观的好处；‎ ‎3．要点2－③可以添加because引导的状语从句介绍这个地方很大。‎ 拓展要点2－①：对你来说乘飞机和高铁都很方便，因为从附近的飞机场和车站到达基地都很容易。(because引导原因状语从句)‎ It_is_convenient_for_you_to_travel_both_by_airplane_and_by_highspeed_train_because_it_is_very_easy_to_get_to_the_base_from_the_nearby_airport_and_station.‎ 拓展要点2－②：在秋天参观也是一个好主意，这个时候你或许有机会看到新生的熊猫宝宝。(when引导定语从句)‎ It_is_also_a_good_idea_that_you_take_a_tour_in_autumn,_when_you_may_have_a_chance_to_watch_newlyborn_baby_pandas.‎ 拓展要点2－③：一定要记住穿步行鞋，因为基地的庞大超出了你的预料。(because引导原因状语从句)‎ Do_remember_to_wear_walking_shoes_because_the_base_is_large_beyond_your_expectation.‎ 第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡 本写作可采用三段式作文，第一段可用The following are my suggestions.作为过渡句承接上文，引出下段；第二段可增加first， second， at last衔接词，作好衔接过渡；第三段可用表达希望作为结尾。‎ Dear_Leslie，‎ I’m_more_than_glad_to_know_you_will_pay_a_visit_to_Chengdu_Research_Base_of_Giant_Panda_Breeding_in_China.The_following_are_my_suggestions.‎ First,_it_is_convenient_for_you_to_travel_both_by_airplane_and_by_highspeed_train_because_it_is_very_easy_to_get_to_the_base_from_the_n earby_airport_and_station.Second,_it_is_also_a_good_idea_that_you_take_a_tour_in_autumn,_when_you_may_have_a_chance_to_watch_newlyborn_baby_pandas.At_last,_do_remember_to_wear_walking_shoes_because_the_base_is_large_beyond_your_expectation.‎ Hope_you_will_have_a_good_time_in_China.‎ Yours_sincerely，‎ Li_Hua ‎ ‎ 理清文体结构之(九)　记叙文之说理——“起伏跌宕”话真理 记叙文中的说理是指文章在叙述描写的基础上，辅以恰当的议论，以表明作者的态度、观点、思想和目的。在结构上，可采用“以叙为主，兼顾议论”，“先叙后议”或“夹叙夹议”的写作模式。阅读此类记叙文时应关注文中“起伏跌宕”的故事情节，这是文中说理的依据和来源。‎ ‎　　[高考典例]　2017•天津卷•B篇 [在“起伏跌宕”中悟真理]‎ ‎　　[1]Fifteen years ago, I took a summer vacation in Lecce in southern Italy. After climbing up a hill for a panoramic (全景的) view of the blue sea, white buildings and green olive trees, I paused to catch my breath and then positioned myself to take the best photo of this panorama.‎ ‎[2]Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right in front of my view. Like me, this woman was here to stop, sigh and appreciate the view.‎ ‎[3]Patient as I was, after about 15 minutes, my camera scanning the sun ‎ and reviewing the shot I would eventually take, I grew frustrated. Was it too much to ask her to move so I could take just one picture of the landscape? Sure, I could have asked her, but something prevented me from doing so. She seemed so content in her observation. I didn’t want to mess with that.‎ ‎[4]Another 15 minutes passed and I grew bored. The woman was still there. I decided to take the photo anyway. And now when I look at it, I think her presence in the photo is what makes the image interesting. The landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow comes to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it.‎ ‎[5]This photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who “ruined” it, now hangs on a wall in my bedroom. What would she think if she knew that her figure is captured (捕捉) and frozen on some stranger’s bedroom wall? A bedroom, after all, is a very private space, in which some woman I don’t even know has been immortalized (使……永存). In some ways, she lives in my house.‎ ‎[6]Perhaps we all live in each others’ spaces. Perhaps this is what photos are for: to remind us that we all appreciate beauty, that we all share a common desire for pleasure, for connection, for something that is greater than us.‎ ‎[7]That photo is a reminder, a captured moment, an unspoken conversation between two women, separated only by a thin ‎ square of glass. 1.起(第1段)‎ 抓拍美景 ‎2.伏(第2段)‎ 美女挡道(可解41题)‎ ‎3.跌(第3段)‎ 沮丧→犹豫→再等待(可解42题)‎ ‎4.宕(第4～5段)‎ 厌烦→灵感→天人合一的照片(可解43题)‎ ‎5.说理(6～7段)‎ ‎①appreciate — share ‎(可解44题)‎ ‎②reminder (可解45题)‎ ‎[定区间•细比对]‎ ‎41. when the author was about to ？‎ A．Her camera stopped working.‎ B．A woman blocked her view.‎ C．Someone asked her to leave.‎ D．A friend approached from behind.‎ ‎42．According to the author, the was ________.‎ A．enjoying herself　　　　 　B．losing her patience C．waiting for the sunset D．thinking about her past ‎43．In the author’s opinion, what makes the photo so ？‎ A．The rich color of the landscape.‎ B．The perfect positioning of the camera.‎ C．The woman’s existence in the photo.‎ D．The soft sunlight that summer day.‎ ‎44．The photo on the bedroom wall enables the author to better ________.‎ A．the need to be close to nature B．the importance of private space C．the joy of the vacation in Italy D．the shared passion for beauty ‎45．The passage can be seen as the author’s upon ________.‎ A．a particular life experience B．the pleasure of traveling C．the art of photography D．a lost friendship ‎[答案]　41.B　42.A　43.C　44.D　45.A ‎41．由“拍照时发生了什么”定位到第2段，这是本文中的“伏”，由此得出答案。‎ ‎42．由关键词定位到本文中的第3段，根据“跌”(即作者的情感变化)并结合“seemed so content in her observation”得出答案。‎ ‎43．由关键词“alive”定位到本文中的“宕”(拍出天人合一的照片)，结合“her presence ...interesting”得出答案。‎ ‎44和45题均是从“说理”的角度设题，根据6、7段中的关键词得出答 案。‎ ‎[课下语篇提能练]　　　 ‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Nursing is a popular choice for students who desire a practical and professional degree that will allow them to help people.Here are some best colleges for a degree in nursing.‎ Simmons College Simmons College is a private women’s college founded in Boston in 1899.Nursing is a topranking major at the college as well as the most popular.The average nursing graduate from Simmons makes $58,000 in their early career.‎ Villanova University Villanova is a private research university located in Philadelphia.Nursing is a popular major, and students are offered an online degree as well.The average nursing graduate from Villanova makes $63,000 in their early career.‎ University of CaliforniaLos Angeles (UCLA)‎ The UCLA School of Nursing is known for its excellent education provided by some leaders in the medical field.The fouryear programs allow students to focus on medical issues through classroom learning and clinical training.Completion of the B．S.(理学士) degree in nursing ‎ prepares students for the National Council Licensing Examination or continuation of the master’s or doctoral degrees at UCLA.A nursing degree from UCLA leads to positions in various hospitals, clinics and medical institutions, with the midcareer salary averaging $86,000.‎ Fairfield University Founded in 1942, Fairfield University is a liberal arts university rooted in the Jesuit, Catholic tradition.The School of Nursing offers established programs at both the undergraduate and graduate levels.The B．S.programs equip students with skills and ethics (道德规范) to prepare them for the medical field.At most 10 students are taught in a class using the latest medical technology to provide a strong theorybased knowledge.Graduates of Fairfield find numerous employment opportunities within the field and earn an average starting salary of $62,000 and midcareer salary of $83,000.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了有护理专业的最好的四所大学，以及这四所大学护理专业学生的就业前景。‎ ‎1．Where should Mary go for a degree in nursing if she is busy looking after children at home?‎ A．Simmons College.‎ B．Villanova University.‎ C．The UCLA School of Nursing.‎ D．Fairfield University.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段的“Nursing is a popular major, and students are offered an online degree as well.”可知，该所大学的护理专业学生可以通过远程教育获得学位，因此，如果Mary边在家照顾孩子边学习的话，那就选择Villanova University。‎ ‎2．What do we know about the UCLA School of Nursing?‎ A．Its university fee is the highest.‎ B．It is devoted to the B．S.degree alone.‎ C．It provides theoretical and practical learning.‎ D．Its nursing students are only in demand in hospitals.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第四段的“The fouryear programs allow students to focus on medical issues through classroom learning and clinical training.”可知，UCLA护理学院提供课堂学习和临床训练，即理论和实践学习。‎ ‎3．What is special about Fairfield University?‎ A．It is the most promising university of all.‎ B．It provides numerous employment opportunities.‎ C．It focuses on programs at the graduate levels.‎ D．It has smallsized classes for nursing students.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“At most 10 students are taught in a class using the latest medical technology to provide a strong theorybased knowledge.”可知，该大学的护理专业一个班最多有10个学生，实行的是小班教学，这是该大学的与众不同之处。‎ B When I was eleven, my parents gave me the first book I ever owned — The Tales of Edgar Allan Poe.It was written by the famous novelist Edgar Allan Poe.I clearly remember opening it, reading the first lines of the book, and saying to myself, “So this is what reading is！” I was delighted.Little did I know at the time that I was at the beginning of a lifelong journey.‎ So, if I read my first real book at the age of eleven, what was I reading before then？In a word, these books are relatively plotless (没有情节的) and repetitive, and they attempt to teach children to recognize letters and their sounds and to build their vocabulary.But I still had no idea what writing was.In Poe’s stories, the sentences were more complex and stylish than anything I had ever read before.‎ Poe, in short, was a start.My parents gave me that first book, but then I searched for other books.I liked science, which led me to discover Jules Verne and H．G.Wells.Other writers followed in quick one after another, Isaac Asimov, Ray Bradbury, and Arthur C．Clarke.But I didn’t limit myself to science fiction.Other books that deeply impressed me, and which I have carried on my life’s journey, include: The Yearling, Shane, Ivanhoe, Of Mice and Men, To Kill a Mockingbird, and The Good Earth.‎ It went on from there.I became that kid who, long after his parents turned the lights off, hid under the covers with a flashlight, a book, and his ‎ greatest fear of being discovered and having his flashlight taken away.I realized that my parents must have known I was defying them.But in their wisdom they pretended to ignore it.And so I owe my start as a reader to my parents.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要讲述自己如何变成一个热爱阅读的人。‎ ‎4．What can we learn from Paragraph 1?‎ A．The author was absorbed in reading at age 11.‎ B．The author didn’t read any books before 11.‎ C．The author explained the meaning of reading.‎ D．The author enjoyed journeys with reading.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第一段的“’So this is what reading is！’ I was delighted”可知，作者在11岁时读了The Tales of Edgar Allan Poe这本书，它唤起作者对书籍的热爱。‎ ‎5．What was the effect of plotless reading on the author?‎ A．Expanding his vocabulary.‎ B．Teaching him how to write.‎ C．Arousing his interest in novels.‎ D．Developing his ability to read.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，作者以前的读物没有情节，它们只能帮助孩子识别字母和发音，扩大他们的词汇。故作者不知道什么才是真正的写作，只是从以前的读物中扩大了自己的词汇量。‎ ‎6．What did the author do after reading his first book?‎ A．He tried doing scientific research.‎ B．He started to write science fiction.‎ C．He advised his parents to buy more books.‎ D．He expanded the range of reading material.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，作者涉猎的读物范围越来越广。‎ ‎7．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “defying” in the last paragraph?‎ A．Respecting.　　　　　 　B．Disobeying.‎ C．Appreciating. D．Satisfying.‎ 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据最后一段的“But in their wisdom they pretended to ignore it.”可知，作者认为父母其实知道他并没有关灯睡觉，而是违背他们，躲在被窝里偷偷看书，只是不揭穿他而已。‎ C In an effort to stop poaching (偷猎) and protect endangered species, people are using technology previously created to discover stars.Claire Burke, who led the project, says the application of the starhunting tech has so far paid off big for conservation.“Since animals and humans in thermal imagery (热成像) ’glow’ in the same way as stars in space, we have been able to combine the technical expertise of astronomers with the conservation knowledge of ecologists to develop a system to find the ‎ animals or poachers automatically，” she said in a statement.‎ In addition to species identification, the software can also provide an overview of health.Burke said that diseased or injured animals give off a different thermal imagery than the healthy ones.“The real advantage this gives you is that if you know how many animals you have and where they are and what kind of health they are in, then you can work out a good conservation strategy for looking after them，” she said.‎ The following is a post written by Burke on Twitter: More animals for the thermal imagery library.Thanks to Chester Zoo Science @ScienceatCZ for letting us observe their fantastic creatures.Images are giraffes, Indian elephants, and fruit bats.— Claire Burke (@CBurkeSci) October 27, 2017.‎ To train the software on a wide variety of heat signatures from different species, the team of researchers spent time collecting thermal imagery of animals.Their first field trial to detect Riverine rabbits, one of the most endangered mammals in the world (with only 500 living adults left in the wild), was a complete success.“The rabbits are very small, so we flew the drone (无人机) quite low to the ground at a height of 20 meters (65 feet)．Although this limited the area we could cover with the drone, we managed to see the rabbit five times，” said Burke.“Given that there have only been about 1,000 times people have seen Riverine rabbits, it was a real success.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。为保护濒危动物、防止偷猎，生态环境保护者利用天体物理学中用来寻找星星的技术来定位动物和偷猎者。‎ ‎8．What can people decide by observing the thermal imagery of the animals?‎ A．What the animals are doing.‎ B．When the animals need help.‎ C．Whether the animals are healthy.‎ D．Why the animals are in danger.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段“In addition to species identification, the software can also provide an overview of health.”可知，使用这种热成像技术，不仅可以观测到动物所属的物种，而且还能观测到它们的健康状况。‎ ‎9．What can we learn from Burke’s post on Twitter?‎ A．It is better for animals to live in the zoo.‎ B．More animals are becoming endangered.‎ C．Zoos help a lot in protecting endangered animals.‎ D．The researchers are collecting data for the software.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据Burke在Twitter上发布的这条信息可知，科学家们正在为利用这种技术所开发的软件收集各种动物的数据信息。‎ ‎10．What did the researchers find out after detecting the Riverine rabbits?‎ A．The number of them is decreasing.‎ B．It is difficult for people to identify them.‎ C．There are more of them than people thought.‎ D．It is easier to find them using the hightech tool.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后两句可知，南非山兔非常稀有，研究者们使用这种新技术观察到南非山兔5次，相比起过去人们共观察到南非山兔大约1 000次，这个比率已经非常高了。‎ ‎11．What is the text mainly about?‎ A．Technology has helped a lot in helping the endangered animals.‎ B．Scientists use stargazing tools to protect endangered species.‎ C．What we should do to protect the endangered animals.‎ D．Scientists are working hard to protect the environment.‎ 解析：选B　主旨大意题。本文介绍了环境保护者利用天文学中用来寻找星星的工具来对濒危动物实施保护。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 As a teenager, convincing yourself to stay away from electronics to plant a garden might not be an easy task.__1__ This is because whether you have the yard space to grow a garden or there are community gardens in your area, getting yourself involved has several benefits.‎ For example, caring for plants helps you develop responsibility.Also you can gain a sense of accomplishment and selfconfidence as you raise them from small sprouts (苗芽)up through full blooming (盛开的) ‎ beauties.What’s more, gardening has been shown to reduce stress and depression.__2__ ‎ In addition, outdoor time promotes exercise.Gardening offers fresh air, sunshine, and exercise, even to the teen who generally avoids physical activity.__3__ So you may actually enjoy growing potatoes, or any other kinds of plants, for these benefits.‎ ‎__4__ If you’re looking for a new way that doesn’t involve arguing to bond with your family, consider plants.You can have a good family time by taking care of plants together in your family garden.‎ Finally, growing food can encourage healthier eating habits.__5__ Tasting the fruits through your own efforts also inspires you to eat more of the items you grow yourself.What’s more, a backyard garden is also an excellent way for you to ensure that what you eat is organic (有机的)．‎ A．Gardening also offers a great way to connect.‎ B．Meanwhile, it can improve your ability to focus.‎ C．But it’s always a good idea to learn to love gardening.‎ D．You will experience the benefits of your efforts over time.‎ E．Sowing seeds and planting seedlings also require movement.‎ F．Try to become knowledgeable about making wise food choices for life.‎ G．Teens who grow their own food are more likely to enjoy healthy eating.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍园艺对青少年的好处。‎ ‎1．选C　让自己远离电子产品去从事园艺是不易的，但园艺总是值得去爱的，因为它有许多好处。‎ ‎2．选B　根据空前的“has been shown to reduce stress and depression”可推断出，此处在介绍园艺在人的心理层面上的好处，园艺已被证明可以减轻压力和抑郁；同时，它也可以提高你的专注力。‎ ‎3．选E　园艺可以给缺少身体锻炼的青少年提供锻炼机会，播种和种植幼苗也需要运动。‎ ‎4．选A　根据空后的“bond with your family”可知，如果你想找一种不会牵涉到争吵的方式与家人建立良好的关系，那么请考虑园艺。因此，该段主要讲园艺是一种与家人建立良好关系的方式。‎ ‎5．选G　该段第一句提到“种植水果或蔬菜能够促进更健康的饮食习惯”，G选项提到“种植水果或蔬菜的青少年更可能享受健康的饮食习惯”，该句是对第一句进一步的解释。‎