2021届高三英语北师大版一轮总复习教师用书：名词性从句

2021届高三英语北师大版一轮总复习教师用书：名词性从句

www.ks5u.com Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)While they are rare north of 88°，there is evidence that they range all the way across the Arctic，and as far south as James Bay in Canada. ‎ 解析：考查同位语从句的连接词。分析句子可知，同位语从句结构意义完整，解释说明evidence的内容，只缺少连接词，故填that。‎ ‎2．(2019·北京卷)What students do at college seems to matter much more than where they go.‎ 解析：考查连接词。句中go是不及物动词，接副词作状语，表示“他们未来走向何方”，故填where。‎ ‎3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I'm not sure who is more frightened，me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.‎ 解析：考查宾语从句引导词。分析句子成分，空格处作从句的主语，联系下文中me or the female gorilla可知此处作者把自己和大猩猩作对比，“我不知道我和大猩猩谁更害怕”，故填who。‎ ‎4．(全国卷Ⅱ)As natural architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.‎ 解析：分析句子结构可知，空格处是一个宾语从句。空格后的thick为形容词，因此空格处应用副词，故填how。‎ ‎5．(广东卷)I didn't understand why this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation.‎ 解析：根据语境可知，“我”不知道/不明白为什么会发生这样的事情。不明白的一定是原因，故用why引导。‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.that→where 解析：分析句子结构可知，介词to之后为宾语从句，而宾语从句中缺少地点状语。故用where引导。‎ ‎2．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)After looking at the toy for some time，he turned around and found where his parents were missing.where→that或去掉where 解析：这是一个宾语从句，不缺少成分且句意完整，所以不能用where，应该用that引导宾语从句，that也可省略。‎ ‎1．that与what用法上的区别 ‎(1)that在名词性从句中不作任何成分，引导宾语从句时有时可以省略，引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时不能省略。‎ I think that you should turn to the teacher for help.(that不充当任何句子成分，也无意义)‎ 我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。‎ ‎(2)what在名词性从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。‎ What he said proved to be true.(what作said的宾语)‎ 他所说的话证明是正确的。‎ ‎2．that引导主语从句时，常用it作形式主语的常见句型有 ‎(1)It＋be＋形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrong/‎ important/certain等)＋that从句 It is wonderful that all of you have passed the difficult exam.‎ 你们都通过了这次艰难的测试真是太棒了。‎ ‎(2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/a surprise/no wonder等)＋that从句 It is a pity that you have missed the wonderful lecture.‎ 你错过了这么精彩的演讲真遗憾。‎ ‎(3)It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等)＋that从句 It is suggested that the lab building (should) be built next year.‎ 据建议实验楼将于明年修建。‎ ‎(4)It＋特殊动词(seems/appears/happens/matters)＋that从句 It appears that they have made the same mistake.‎ 好像他们犯了同样的错误。‎ ‎[名师指津] 在以下主语从句中，常使用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”形式，其中的should可以省略。‎ ‎①It is necessary/strange/important/natural etc.＋that...‎ ‎②It is a pity that...‎ ‎③It is suggested/requested/required/proposed/desired etc. ＋that...‎ ‎3．动词find, feel, think, consider, make, believe等后面有宾语补足语时，需用it作形式宾语而将that引导的宾语从句后置。‎ I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.‎ 我认为我们每天喝大量的开水是很有必要的。‎ ‎1．whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句末，但if引导的主语从句只能放在句末，前面需用it作形式主语。‎ Whether it is true remains a question.‎ 它是否是真的依然是个问题。‎ It is unknown if he will attend the meeting.‎ 他是否会来参加会议还不得而知。‎ ‎2．whether与if引导宾语从句时大多数情况下可以互换，后面直接跟or not时用whether，用于介词后引导宾语从句时也用whether。‎ We don't know whether or not she was ready.‎ 我们不知道她是否准备好了。‎ I'm interested in whether you've finished the work.‎ 我对你是否完成了这项工作感兴趣。‎ ‎3．whether可引导表语从句和同位语从句，而if则不可以。‎ The question is whether it is worth doing.‎ 问题是它是否值得做。‎ The question whether the work was worth doing has not been decided.‎ 这项工作是否值得做的问题还有待定论。‎ 引导名词性从句的连接副词有when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever等，它们均在从句中作状语。‎ This is why he caught a cold yesterday.(原因状语)‎ 这就是他昨天感冒的原因。‎ I have no idea when she will be back.(时间状语)‎ 我不知道她将什么时候回来。‎ I've been thinking about how we can make the newspaper more interesting.(方式状语)‎ 我一直在考虑如何使我们的报纸更有趣。‎ ‎1．“疑问词＋ever”引导名词性从句时，有词义，并且在从句中充当一定的句子成分。‎ Whoever breaks the law should be punished.‎ 无论谁触犯法律都应该受到惩罚。‎ Wherever he goes makes his parents worry.‎ 他无论去哪儿父母都担心。‎ ‎2．“疑问词＋ever”还可以引导让步状语从句，但“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，不能用来引导名词性从句。‎ Whatever (＝No matter what) you do, you must do it well.‎ 无论你做什么，都必须做好。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．But never forget that success is guaranteed for you if you have positive habits in your life.‎ ‎2．Secondly，it can strengthen what they have learnt in class.‎ ‎3．We never know how someone else is feeling.‎ ‎4．The man begged the angel to speak to God to see whether/if he might break the rules.‎ ‎5．Be sure to be with a strong awareness that you are what you eat!‎ ‎6．The new boy looked at the teacher for a few seconds and all the other students wondered what the boy would do .‎ ‎7．Will you tell me something about how the students there spend their summer vacation?‎ ‎8．I can't agree more. Well, I am interested in these three CDs.Tell me what_ the price is.‎ ‎9．I was tired of the warning that if I didn't do my best, I wouldn't have the chance to go to college.‎ ‎10．The school system in Australia does depend on whether you go to a private school or a public school.‎ ‎11．Which bus we should take is the first problem we have to solve now.‎ ‎12．I have no idea who did it.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．I'm a very healthy person. That's why we live near the sea and we often have fish.why→because ‎2．When my parents got home, I asked that I could keep the dog.that→whether/if ‎3．People say this is that we should have done earlier！that→what ‎4．I hope this town will not change; just keep where it is.where→what ‎5．A man who lived nearby saw that had happened .that→what ‎6．And you should also have a belief you are sure to succeed as long as you keep your direction all the time.belief后加that ‎7．In our life, we often forget what we did and which we couldn't do.which→what ‎8．That surprised us most there was the beauty of scenes.That→What ‎9．Providing us with lively and interesting moving pictures, TV enables us not only to see that is happening in the world but to learn many things, including foreign languages.that→what ‎10．Our English teacher will have an operation today.What will give us the lesson has not been decided yet.What→Who Ⅲ.用适当的连接词填空 I am going to tell you an unbelievable thing __1__ happened in my restaurant today.‎ This afternoon a poorlydressed gentleman came into my restaurant.Nobody knew __2__ he was.We wondered __3__ he was so hungry.We were surprised that he finished two orders of food in a very limited time.We doubted __4__ the man was able to pay the bill.The gentleman asked __5__ we would mind waiting for just a few minutes.Then we were shocked to see __6__ he took out of an envelope—a million pound banknote.‎ I asked Mr Clements __7__ it was genuine.Mr Clements said it was true because two of this amount had been issued by the Bank of England this year.He thought __8__ the gentleman showed us couldn't be a fake. __9__ a gentleman with a million pound note was in rags and ate in our small restaurant was a big puzzle to all the people there.I really couldn't describe __10__ excited I was.‎ ‎1．that　2.who　3.why　4.whether/if　5.whether/if ‎6．that　7.whether/if　8.what　9.Why　10.how Ⅳ.语法填空 Canadians and Americans eat somewhat differently.Some Canadians use tableware as Americans do，while some like the tableware of the British Isles，Ireland and the Commonwealth of Nations; but most Canadians use a __1__ (combine) of the two styles.‎ Canadians tend __2__ (use) the simpler British，Irish and Commonwealth style when cutting food.The right hand cuts with a ‎ knife，while the left holds __3__ is being cut with a fork.Then the left hand，use __4__ fork to lift the cut food directly into the mouth.In contrast，most Americans will exchange the knife and fork before __5__ (lift) cut food to their mouths，which is __6__ (true) embarrassing.In the most cases，Americans use forks __7__ (hold) in their right hands to bring all food to their mouths，whether or not it needs to be cut.Most Canadians use the American style __8__ food that does not need to be cut.‎ Each of these styles __9__ (be) acceptable in both countries.However，you will be less __10__ (attract) by using the American style in the United States，as most Americans are not as used to different cultures as Canadians are.‎ 本文为我们介绍了美国和加拿大人的用餐习惯的差异。‎ ‎1．combination　‎ 解析：考查名词。但是大部分的加拿大人会使用这两种方式的结合，用在不定冠词后面，所以此处应该用combine的名词形式combination。‎ ‎2．to_use　‎ 解析：考查非谓语动词。加拿大人往往会使用更加简单一点的英国或者爱尔兰的一种方式，tend to do sth.“倾向于做某事”，所以填to use。‎ ‎3．what　‎ 解析：考查宾语从句的引导词。根据句意：右手用刀切，左手拿着叉子吃切的东西。这里填what引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语。‎ ‎4．the　‎ 解析：考查冠词。该句前已提到过fork，由于是第二次提到，所以该名词前用定冠词the。‎ ‎5．lifting　‎ 解析：考查非谓语动词。在举起食物送到嘴里之前，大部分的美国人会交换一下刀叉，before引导的状语从句的省略，lift和句子的主语most Americans是主动关系，所以用lift的现在分词lifting。‎ ‎6．truly　‎ 解析：考查副词。根据句意：在举起食物送到嘴里之前，大部分的美国人会交换一下刀又，这是很尴尬的。这里用true的副词形式修饰形容词，所以填truly。‎ ‎7．held　‎ 解析：考查非谓语动词。美国人用握在他们右手里的叉子把食物送到嘴里，此句话中hold和前面的名词forks是被动关系，所以用hold的过去分词作后置定语，填held。‎ ‎8．for　‎ 解析：考查介词。大部分的加拿大人会把这种美国人的方法用于不需要切的食物，所以填for，表示“用于”。‎ ‎9．is　‎ 解析：考查动词的单复数。这每一种方式在两个国家都是可以接受的，each作主语，谓语动词用单数，所以填is。‎ ‎10．attractive　‎ 解析：考查形容词。用在be动词之后，所以填形容词形式attractive，表示引人注目的。‎ Ⅴ.短文改错 This morning our school organized us students to paying a study visit. We rode the bus at the school gate then got off at City Revolutionary Memorial at 7：50. There we listen to stories about revolutionaries and presented flowers. At 9：30 we arrived at the home for the old, and played music for them happy. Then everyone chatted with elderly peoples, bringing them joy. Later we reached at our city's special education school, which we saw deaf and blind students taught in different methods. We gave their gifts donated by our class. Also we played games with them，hoped we could do more. At 11：30 we returned to our school. What a impressive experience!‎ 答案