2018届人教版必修三一轮复习：Unit4　Astronomythescienceofthestars单元学案（24页）

2018届人教版必修三一轮复习：Unit4　Astronomythescienceofthestars单元学案（24页）

Unit 4　Astronomy: the science of the stars学案 一、单词—— 写 得 准 用 得 活(用所给词的适当形式填空)‎ ‎1.atmosphere_ n．　　　大气层；气氛 ‎2.unlike prep.　 与……不同；不像 ‎3.fundamental_ adj. 基本的；基础的 ‎4.pull_ n．& vt. 拉(力)；拖；牵引力 ‎5.gentle adj. 温和的；文雅的 ‎6.climate n. 气候 ‎7.religion n．宗教；宗教信仰→religious adj.宗教的 ‎8.theory n．学说；理论→theoretical_adj.理论的；理论性的 ‎9.violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强烈的→violence n．暴力→violently adv.猛烈地 ‎10.harmful adj.有害的→harm n．& v．伤害→harmless adj.无害的 ‎11.exist vi.存在；生存→existence n．存在；生存 ‎12.puzzle vi.& vt.(使)迷惑；(使)为难 n ‎1.We live in a global (globe) village, but this doesn't mean that we all behave in the same way.‎ ‎2.Do you believe the existence of ghosts? Perhaps they only_exist in the minds of some people.(exist)‎ ‎3.Last night we had a discussion, which became more and more_violent. Finally we reached an agreement that we will never use violence_whatever happens.(violent)‎ ‎4.There was a puzzled look on the little girl's face because a puzzling_problem_puzzled her.(puzzle)‎ ‎5.Playing computer games will not only do harm to your physical health, but it is also harmful to your mental health. So there is no harm in advising you to give it up.(harm)‎ ‎6.He often says that he doesn't believe in any religion but meanwhile he respects others' religious freedom. (religion)‎ ‎．谜；难题→puzzled_adj.迷惑不解的→puzzling adj.令人迷惑的 ‎13.biology n．生物学→biologist n．生物学家 ‎14.globe n．球体；地球仪；地球→global adj.全球性的；全世界的 ‎⇩ ‎1.“推，拉”家族 ‎①pull n．&vt.　　拉(力)；拖；牵引力 ‎②draw vt.&vi. 拖；拉 ‎③drag vt.&n. 拖；拉；拽 ‎④push v．&n. 推，推动(力)‎ ‎2.后缀ist名词荟萃 ‎①biologist　　　生物学家 ‎②tourist 旅游者；游客 ‎③physicist 物理学家 ‎④scientist 科学家 ‎⑤psychologist 心理学家 ‎3.un前缀高频形容词集锦 ‎①unlike　　　　　不像的 ‎②unfair　 不公平的 ‎③unimportant 不重要的 ‎④unusual 不寻常的 ‎⑤unhappy 不幸福的 二、短语—— 写 得 准 用 得 活(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.in_time　　　　　　　　　及时；终于 ‎2.get_the_hang_of 熟悉；掌握；理解 ‎3.watch_out_for 密切注意；当心；提防 ‎4.in_one's_turn 轮到某人；接着 ‎1.Class Three should be responsible for raising the red flag this week_in_its_turn.‎ ‎2.Only by practising time and time again can you get_the_hang_of_the grammar rules.‎ ‎3.She married at 25 and gave_birth_to her ‎5.prevent_..._from_ 阻止；制止 ‎6.cheer_up__ 感到高兴；感到振奋 ‎7.now_that 既然 ‎8.break_out_　　 突发；爆发 ‎9.give_birth_to　 产生；分娩 ‎10.block_out__ 挡住(光线)‎ ‎11.lay_eggs 下蛋 ‎12.depend__on 依赖；依靠 ‎ first child shortly after.‎ ‎4.Last night, Mrs. Green had a heart attack. But luckily, the doctor came in_time to save her life.‎ ‎5.Do remember to watch_out_for cars while crossing the street.‎ ‎6.Cheer_up! You must believe in yourself and you will get success.‎ ‎⇩ ‎1.表达“小心；当心”的高频短语荟萃 ‎①watch out (for)　　　小心；当心 ‎②look out　 当心 ‎③take care　 小心 ‎④be careful　 小心 ‎2.“阻止/禁止某人做某事”的多种表达 ‎(1)阻止某人做某事 (2)禁止某人做某事 ‎①prevent sb. from doing sth. ④prohibit sb. from doing sth.‎ ‎②stop sb. from doing sth. ⑤ban sb. from doing sth.‎ ‎③keep sb. from doing sth.　　⑥forbid sb. from doing sth.‎ 三、句式—— 背 原 句 明 句 式 学 仿 写 ‎1. This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.‎ 这就产生了连锁反应，使生命的发展成为可能。‎ 动词＋it＋adj./n.(宾补)＋to do。‎ 他的决定使我们在今天下午四点以前完成工作成为可能。‎ His decision made_it_possible_for_us_to_finish_the_work_by four o'clock this afternoon.‎ ‎2.But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.‎ 但当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍远，因而我摔倒了。‎ ‎ 倍数表达法：倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as＋其他。‎ 杰茜卡付出的时间和精力是以前的三倍多，所以我相信她这次能成功。‎ Jessica devoted three_times_as_much_time_and_energy_as she did before, so I believe she will succeed this time.‎ ‎3.“Oh, dear，” I cried, “walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.”‎ ‎“天哪，”我大声说，“既然重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”‎ now that “既然；由于”，引导原因状语从句，有时that可以省略。‎ 既然大家都到齐了，我们可以开始开会了。‎ Now_that_everybody_is_here,_we can begin the meeting.‎ ‎4.We watched, amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earth's gravity increased. ‎ 我们惊奇地看着，随着地球引力的增加， 宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。‎ 过去分词作状语，说明主语的情况。‎ 长途旅行之后，我们三人回到了家，又饿又累。After the long journey, the three of us went back home, hungry_and_tired.‎ 语境识词 Last Sunday， a fire broke out in a building near my home and the stairs were full of smoke. We tried hard to get the fire under control， though we knew the smoke was harmful to our health. Luckily， the firefighters arrived in time. Thus， they， in their turn， began to prevent the fire from spreading and save life. Depending on their professional knowledge， they quickly put out the fire， which made all of us cheer up.‎ ‎1．harmful adj.有害的 ‎(1)be harmful to　 　　　　　　对……有害 harmless adj.　 无害的 ‎(2)cause/do harm to ... 对……造成伤害/有害 mean no harm　 无恶意 there is no harm in doing sth. 做某事没有害处 ‎①Some boys are too crazy about playing games on the computer, which is very harmful (harm) to their health.‎ 有些男生对玩电脑游戏简直到了痴迷的程度，这对他们的健康非常有害。‎ ‎②These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon, causing/doing_serious_harm_to_life and the environment.(2013·安徽高考书面表达)‎ 这些天，违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见，对生活和环境造成了严重的破坏。‎ ‎③If you want to solve the problem in this way, there is no harm in_calling_him.‎ 如果你想以这种方式来解决问题，你不妨给他打个电话。‎ ‎2．in time 及时；终于 ‎ (1)in time for ...　 刚好赶上……‎ in time to do sth. 及时做某事 ‎(2)in no time　 立刻；马上 at no time 决不(放在句首时，句子用部分倒装)‎ at a time 每次；一次 at one time　 曾经；一度 at the same time　 同时 from time to time　 有时；偶尔 ‎(3)take one's time　　 别着急；慢慢来 kill time　 消磨时间 ‎①As a proverb goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way.” Our efforts will pay off in_time.(2014·山东高考写作)‎ 常言道，“有志者事竟成”，我们的努力迟早会有所回报。‎ ‎②He arrived home just in time to_witness_(witness) his brother being taken away by the police.‎ 他回到家正好目击了他的弟弟被警察带走。‎ ‎③At_the_same_time,_we are going to bring along about five hundred books with us for your class.(2015·天津高考书面表达)‎ 同时，我们将给你们班带去大约500本书。‎ ‎3．in one's turn轮到某人；接着 in turn　　　　　　　　　　依次；轮流；反之；相应地 by turns　　　 轮流；交替地 take turns to do sth.　　 轮流做某事 It is one's turn to do sth.　　 轮到某人做某事 It turns/turned out that ...　 结果……‎ ‎①Now that we have finished designing, the company, in_its_turn,_should do the constructing work.‎ 既然我们已经完成了设计，就该由公司来进行建设了。‎ ‎②All theories come from practice and_in_turn_serve practice.‎ 所有的理论都来源于实践，并反过来为实践服务。‎ ‎③It_turned_out_that this young man was none other than the old man's son.‎ 这位年轻人竟然是这位老人的儿子。‎ ‎4．cheer up感到高兴；感到振奋；(使)高兴；(使)振奋 ‎(1)cheer sb. up　　使某人振作起来 cheer sb. on　 (比赛中)以喝彩声鼓励；为某人加油 ‎(2)Cheers！　 [口语](用于祝酒)干杯！‎ ‎①When I'm feeling sad, my mother tells me funny stories to_cheer_me_up.‎ 当我感到忧伤时，我的母亲就给我讲有趣的故事哄我高兴。‎ ‎②The audience stood up to cheer_on_their_team — Guangzhou Evergrande Football Team.‎ 观众们站起来为他们的球队——广州恒大足球队欢呼加油。‎ ‎[名师指津]　cheer up既可以用作及物动词短语，也可用作不及物动词短语。‎ 语境识词 ‎　Is there life on Mars? It is still a puzzle to us. The earth is six times the size of Mars. Whether we can land on Mars depends on the development of science and technology. There is almost no oxygen on Mars and this makes it impossible for life to exist. If we are to go to Mars one day, we should have to take along our own oxygen, food, clothing and shelter.‎ ‎5．puzzle vt.& vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难 n．谜；难题；(游戏的)猜谜 ‎ (1)puzzle about/over　　冥思苦想；苦苦思索 ‎(2)a puzzle to sb.　　 一件让某人感到困惑的事情 ‎(3)puzzling adj.　　 令人迷惑的 puzzled adj.　　 迷惑不解的；困惑的 be puzzled about　　 对……迷惑不解 ‎①The police are still_puzzling_about/over how the accident could have happened.‎ 警察仍在苦思这起事故是怎么发生的。‎ ‎②Where the missing plane has gone still remains a_puzzle_to us.‎ 失联飞机去了哪儿对我们来说仍是个谜。‎ ‎③When the little girl was asked such a puzzling (puzzle) question, she stood there with a surprised look on her face.‎ 当这个小女孩被问及如此一个令人迷惑的问题时，她面带惊讶的表情站在那里。‎ ‎④This morning, when I was walking on the street, I saw that two travelers were reading a map, looking_puzzled (puzzle)．‎ 今天早晨我正在大街上走，就在这时我看见两名游客正在困惑地看着地图。‎ ‎[名师指津]　过去分词形式的形容词，如puzzled, confused, frightened, excited, surprised等，除了可以用来描述人的心理活动以外，还可以用来修饰与人有关的一些名词，如look, voice, smile, expression, face等。‎ ‎6．exist vi.存在；生存 ‎ (1)exist in　　　　　　　存在于……之中 exist on　　　 靠……为生 There exists ...　　　 某地有……；存在……‎ ‎(2)existence n．　　　 存在；生存 come into existence　　　 产生；成立；开始存在 ‎(3)existing adj.　　　　　　 现存的；现行的 ‎①You can't imagine what difficulty they have existing on the money he's earning.‎ 你无法想象他们靠他挣的那点钱维持生活是多么的困难。‎ ‎②There_exists a good way to solve the existing problem at present.‎ 目前有一个解决现存问题的好办法。‎ ‎③No one knows when such a custom first came_into_existence.‎ 没有人知道这种风俗是什么时候开始有的。‎ ‎ [名师指津]　exist是不及物动词，没有被动语态，也不用于进行时态。‎ ‎7．倍数表达法 But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice_as_far_as on the earth and fell over.‎ 但当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍远，因而我摔倒了。‎ 英语中常见的倍数表达法有：‎ ‎(1)A＋be＋倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as B ‎(2)A＋be＋倍数＋adj./adv.比较级＋than B ‎(3)A＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词(size/weight/length ...)＋of B ‎(4)A＋倍数＋what从句，表示“A是……的多少倍”。‎ ‎①The red ruler is three times as long (long) as the yellow one.‎ ‎→The red ruler is three times longer (long) than the yellow one.‎ ‎→The red ruler is three times the length (long) of the yellow one.‎ 这个红尺子是黄尺子的三倍长。‎ ‎②The population now in this village is five_times_what_it_was ten years ago.‎ 现在这个村庄的人口是十年前的五倍。‎ ‎[名师指津]　在表示“两倍”时要用double或twice, 三倍或三倍以上用“基数词＋times”。倍数有时也可以用分数、百分数、half等来替换。‎ ‎8．make it＋adj./n.＋for sb. to do This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.‎ 这就产生了连锁反应，使生命的发展成为可能。‎ 句型make it＋adj./n.＋for sb. to do，其中it作形式宾语，而真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。‎ ‎(1)make＋it＋形容词/名词＋that从句 make＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do不定式 make＋it＋no good/no use/no value ...＋doing sth.‎ ‎(2)常用于这种句型的动词还有：think, consider, find, feel等。‎ ‎①People in the west make_it_a_rule_to_buy Christmas presents for their relatives and friends.‎ 在西方，人们常在圣诞节购买礼物给亲朋好友。‎ ‎②Susan made_it_clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.‎ 苏珊清楚地跟我表明她希望为自己创造新的生活。‎ ‎③I consider_it_no_use quarrelling with him about it.‎ 我认为就这件事情和他争吵是没有用的。‎ ‎[课堂练牢基础]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Her puzzled (puzzle) look on her face suggested she didn't understand what I said.‎ ‎2．As is known to us, the Republic of China came into existence (exist) as an independent country in 1949.‎ ‎3．As we all know, a bad eating habit is harmful (harm) to one's health.‎ ‎4．Though injured seriously, he tried to cheer up,_hoping to make his parents less worried.‎ ‎5．I can say that it is the most violent (violence) film that I have ever seen.‎ ‎6．My relationship with the actors is fundamental to my work as a director.‎ ‎7．As the old saying goes, it is easier to pull down than to build up.‎ ‎8．The old lady became seriously ill last week, and she has only existed on milk ever since. ‎ ‎9．The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times bigger (big) than the present one.‎ ‎10．Sometimes he found it very hard to fall asleep at night, so he went to see the doctor.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．She has got into the bad habit of reading in the bed, which is harmful for her eyes. for→to ‎2．The twin brothers stood under the tree, puzzling and saying nothing. puzzling→puzzled ‎3．Even though he is a little boy, strange ideas always exists in his mind.exists→exist ‎4．You'll succeed on time because you are always working hard. on→in ‎5．There were many fish float in the river because of the serious pollution. float→floating ‎6．The sun heats the earth, which makes possible for plants to grow.makes后加it Ⅲ.根据提示词或结构补全句子 ‎1. 更为重要的是，我觉得该是我开始照顾父亲的时候了。(one's turn)‎ More importantly, I found_it_was_my_turn_to_start looking after my father.‎ ‎2．我们得不到的东西似乎比我们已经拥有的东西好。(what引导的主语从句)‎ What_we_can't_get_seems better than what we already have. ‎ ‎3．还不清楚这次事故是否对环境有影响。(it作形式主语)‎ It_is_not_clear_whether the accident has an effect on the environment or not.‎ ‎4．在学校大礼堂将举行一次会议，有几个学生正忙着做准备。(be to do)‎ In the school hall，where_a_meeting_is_to_be_held，some students are busy preparing for it.‎ ‎5．无论他在哪里，早饭前散散步成为他的习惯。(make it＋n.＋to do ...)‎ No matter where he is, he makes_it_a_rule_to_go_for_a_walk before breakfast.‎ ‎6．李明的手机看起来和张华的一样，但价格是他的两倍。(倍数表达法) ‎ Li Ming's mobile phone looked just the same as Zhang Hua's, but it cost twice_as_much_as his. ‎ Ⅳ.根据括号内的要求完成下面各题 ‎1．The new planet discovered recently is almost three times as large as Earth, and hopefully it can support human life.‎ ‎→The new planet discovered recently is almost three_times_bigger_than Earth, and hopefully it can support human life.(than)‎ ‎→The new planet discovered recently is almost_three_times_the_size_of Earth, and hopefully it can support human life.(size)‎ ‎2．It is possible for every student in our school to use a computer in class.(同义句转换)‎ ‎→Our school makes_it_possible for every student to use a computer in class.‎ ‎3．众所周知，过量喝酒对你的身体有害。(一句多译)‎ ‎①What is known to us is that drinking too much is_harmful_to your health.(harmful)‎ ‎②It_is_known_to_us_that_drinking too much does_harm_to your health.(it作形式主语，harm)‎ ‎4．If the basic interests of the workers are not considered, they'll go on strike next week.(用本单元高级词汇替换加黑单词)‎ basic→fundamental ‎[课下练熟高考]‎ 练(一)　英语知识运用·组块专练——练准度 ‎(限时：30分钟)‎ Ⅰ.完形填空 ‎(2017·江西省重点中学盟校高三联考)‎ Whenever my child caused me to change my schedule, I thought to myself, “We don't have time for this.” __1__， the two words I most commonly spoke to my child were: “Hurry up.” But my promise to __2__ was made almost three years ago, and I began my journey to grasp what __3__ in life. My younger daughter is my living __4__ of why I must keep trying. In fact, the other day, she reminded me once again.‎ The two of us had taken a bike ride to the __5__. After buying a cool treat for my daughter, she sat down at a table in __6__ admiring the ice cream she held in her hand. Suddenly a look of worry __7__ on her face. “Do I have to rush, Mama？”‎ I could have __8__. Perhaps the pains of a __9__ life don't ever completely disappear, I thought sadly. As my child looked up at me waiting to know __10__ she could take her time, I knew I had a(n) __11__. I could sit there __12__ about the number of times when I rushed my child through life ... or I could celebrate the fact that today I'm trying to do things __13__. I chose to live in today.‎ ‎“You don't have to rush. Just take your time，” I said in a(n) __14__ way. Her whole face instantly brightened and her shoulders __15__. And so we sat side by side talking about things that interested us.‎ When she got to the last bite, she held out a spoonful of ice crystals and sweet juice for me. “I __16__ the last bite for you, Mama，” my daughter said __17__. As I let the icy goodness put out my thirst, I __18__ I just got the deal of a lifetime. I gave my child a little time ... and __19__， she gave me her last bite and reminded me that things taste sweeter and love is __20__ to get when you stop rushing through life.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是一个总是觉得时间不够用的人。女儿的一个小小的举动让作者意识到慢下来的生活更有意义。‎ ‎1．A.However　　　　　　　 B．Instead C．Therefore D．Besides 解析：选C　根据第一句话中的“We don't have time for this.”可知，作者总是觉得时间不够用。因此作者经常对孩子说的话就是“快点”。‎ ‎2．A.speed up B．slow down C．give up D．keep on 解析：选B　作者总是督促孩子抓紧时间，但是差不多三年前作者决定(让生活)“慢下来”。本空与上一句的“Hurry up”形成对比。‎ ‎3．A.works B．happens C．minds D．matters 解析：选D　根据语境，此处指作者想抓住生活中重要的事情。‎ ‎4．A.reminder B．message C．example D．guide 解析：选A　作者的小女儿就是一个活生生的提醒物，提醒作者为什么要坚持尝试让生活慢下来。reminder“起提醒作用的东西”。下句的“reminded me once again”也是提示。‎ ‎5．A.church B．park C．supermarket D．school 解析：选C　根据下一句话中的“buying a cool treat”可知，作者和女儿去的是超市。‎ ‎6．A.relief B．sorrow C．advance D．delight 解析：选D　作者给女儿买了冷饮之后，女儿非常高兴。句中的“admiring the ice cream”是提示。 in delight“高兴地”。‎ ‎7．A.brought in B．turned up C．went by D．made up 解析：选B　突然之间一丝担心的神情出现在女儿的脸上。turn up“出现”，符合语境。‎ ‎8．A.cried B．hated C．wondered D．regretted 解析：选A　女儿的话触动了作者的心，作者感到很伤心，所以当时就有一种想要哭出来的感觉。与下句话中的“thought sadly”相符。‎ ‎9．A.difficult B．desperate C．hurried D．terrified 解析：选C　结合第一段的内容可知，作者总是催促孩子抓紧时间，一直在紧张忙碌中度过。而a hurried life正是对这种生活的总结，符合语境。‎ ‎10．A.when B．if C．how D．what 解析：选B　这时候孩子看着作者的脸，想要知道这次作者是否会催促她，也就是是否自己能够慢下来。‎ ‎11．A.duty B．chance C．choice D．idea 解析：选C　根据下文中的“I could” “or I could” “I chose to live in today.”可知，choice“选择”符合语境。‎ ‎12．A.thinking B．complaining C．worrying D．talking 解析：选A　根据语境可知，此处指的应是作者可以坐在那儿回想(thinking)曾经有多少次她催促孩子。‎ ‎13．A.differently B．vividly C．perfectly D．casually 解析：选A　根据本段最后一句话可知，作者要做出的决定就是活在当下，活在今天，不再像以前那样忙忙碌碌。这是完全不同的处事方式，所以用differently。‎ ‎14．A.angry B．obvious C．gentle D．cautious 解析：选C　作者对孩子说尽管放松，不需要赶时间的时候，心里已经明白了自己以前的做法是不对的，所以是以一种温柔的方式对女儿说的。‎ ‎15．A.raised B．relaxed C．shook D．trembled 解析：选B　作者女儿的脸上立刻放出了光芒，而且因为高兴她的双肩也放松了，所以用relaxed。‎ ‎16．A.saved B．tasted C．purchased D．rushed 解析：选A　根据本句中的“the last bite”可知，作者的女儿把最后一口冰淇淋留给了作者。save“(为某人)保留”，符合语境。‎ ‎17．A.frequently B．carefully C．proudly D．slowly 解析：选C　女儿和作者在一起度过了轻松而惬意的时光，现在女儿为妈妈着想，说话的时候满带着骄傲。‎ ‎18．A.realized B．imagined C．expected D．remembered 解析：选A　根据后面的“I just got the deal of a lifetime.”可知，此处指的应是作者意识到自己今天做了一生中最值得的一笔交易。realize“意识到”，符合语境。‎ ‎19．A.in contrast B．in return C．in charge D．in control 解析：选B　作者给了女儿一点可以轻松度过的时间，而作为回报，作者享受了女儿为自己留的冰淇淋。in return“作为回报”，符合语境。‎ ‎20．A.harder B．better C．closer D．easier 解析：选D　女儿的小小的举动提醒了作者，如果我们都放松步伐，事情会变得更甜蜜，爱也会来得更容易。‎ ‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 ‎(2017·广州市综合测试二)Each week New Yorkbased hairstylist Mark Bustos tries to make a small difference in people's lives __1__ giving haircuts to homeless people.‎ During the week, Mark works in his highclass salon, but each Sunday, he walks around the city asking people __2__ they'd like a haircut. He then gives them a stylish haircut — __3__ same kind he would give to any paying customer, except these are done for free for those who are homeless or cannot afford a haircut __4__ (them)．‎ Mark's work began in 2012 when visiting family in the Philippines. Instead of just __5__ (take) a typical, relaxing vacation, he decided to give poor local children haircuts. “I felt so happy doing it that I've continued since returning，” Mark explains.‎ Changing someone's appearance can have a huge impact on their life. Remember the homeless retired soldier who received a makeover? He found a job, __6__ (rent) a house and quit drinking alcohol afterwards. __7__ (simple) changing how a person looks can give them a huge increase in __8__ (confident)．‎ Mark Bustos proves that there are many ways __9__ (give), and that you can easily use your __10__ (person) abilities to make a difference in somebody's life.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了发型师Mark Bustos通过给无家可归的人理发来改变他们的外貌，从而使他们增加自信心、努力改变生活的故事。‎ ‎1．by　根据语境可知，发型师通过给无家可归的人理发，试图给他们的生活带来小小的变化。by＋v.ing意为“通过……”，作方式状语。故填by。‎ ‎2．whether/if　根据语境可知，Mark周一至周五在高级美发厅上班，每个周日就在市区到处走走，问人们是否需要理发。whether/if引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。故填whether/if。‎ ‎3．the　the same意为“同样的”，为固定用法。故填定冠词the。‎ ‎4．themselves　根据语境可知，此处指自己负担不起理发费用的人，因此应用所给词的反身代词。故填themselves。‎ ‎5．taking　instead of意为“而不是”，其后接动名词形式，作“of”的宾语。故填taking。‎ ‎6．rented　根据“and”连接并列成分可知，此处应与其他两个谓语动词“found”和“quit”时态一致，应用一般过去时。故填rented。‎ ‎7．Simply　空格处修饰分词短语“changing how a person looks”，应用副词。故填Simply。‎ ‎8．confidence　此处指改变发型能让他们信心大增，介词“in”后应接名词形式。故填confidence。‎ ‎9．to give　此处应用动词不定式作“many ways”的后置定语。故填to give。‎ ‎10．personal　此处修饰名词“abilities”，应用所给词的形容词形式作定语。故填personal。‎ 练(二)　第Ⅱ卷强化增分·组块专练——练规范 ‎(限时：45分钟)‎ Ⅰ.语法填空 ‎(2016·南昌二模)There once was a forest filled with happy animals. One day a raccoon (浣熊) found some socks left behind by picnickers, and __1__ (decide) to wear them. They fitted so well, and felt so __2__ (comfort) that he kept them on. He spent his days __3__ (walk) through the forest in his new socks.‎ Other animals became envious of the raccoon's new look and followed his trend. First it was squirrels in __4__ (shirt), then rabbits __5__ hats on, and finally birds wearing underpants!‎ Doctor Bear, the forest physician, disapproved and tried to warn the clotheswearers. But no one listened. Instead, they urged him to follow the __6__ (late) trend too.‎ Soon, the problems started. The squirrel caught his shirt on a branch and crashed to the ground. The rabbit tried entering his hole while wearing his hat and got stuck. Even the raccoon, thanks to his __7__ (bright) coloured socks, slipped into the river and almost died.‎ When the __8__ (injure) animals came to see Doctor Bear, he told them, “Your clothes are killing you. You don't need __9__.”‎ Those __10__ listened to the doctor's advice finally understood they didn't need clothes. They'd only started wearing clothes to make others envy them.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一则童话故事。浣熊在森林里发现了一双袜子，便穿上它走遍森林，其他动物在看到这一情形后，不听熊医生的劝告，纷纷效仿，但最后都因衣服问题而受伤。‎ ‎1．decided　根据该句中的“One day ... found”并结合全文时态可知，该句讲述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填decided。‎ ‎2．comfortable　该句中“felt”为感官动词，后应接形容词。故此处应用comfort的形容词形式comfortable。‎ ‎3．walking　spend some time doing sth.为固定结构，意为“花费时间做某事”。该句意为：它穿着新袜子在森林里行走了数天。故填walking。‎ ‎4．shirts　根据该句中的复数可数名词“squirrels”并结合上文中的“socks”可知，此处应用shirt的复数形式与之对应。故填shirts。‎ ‎5．with　with hats on为固定短语，意为“头上戴着帽子”。故填with。‎ ‎6．latest　根据空格前的“the”并结合语境可知，动物们劝熊医生也跟随最新的潮流。故此处应用late的最高级形式latest。‎ ‎7．brightly　根据空格后的形容词“coloured”可知，此处应用bright的副词形式来修饰该形容词。故填brightly。‎ ‎8．injured　根据语境可知，这些受伤的动物们来看熊医生。空格后是名词“animals”，应用injure的形容词形式修饰。故填injured。‎ ‎9．them　根据上句中的“Your clothes”与空格前的动词“need”可知，此处指代它们的衣服，应用代词“它们”的宾格构成动宾结构。故填them。‎ ‎10．who　分析该句结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为“Those”，在从句中作主语，指人，故用who引导该定语从句。故填who。‎ Ⅱ.短文改错 ‎(2017·广东六校教育教学联合体高三3月试题)‎ Dear Mike，‎ You said you want to know a lot much about the English Club of our school. It was three years ago when the English Club was born. It was found to improve students' interest in English. Those interested in English got together in the multimedia classroom every Saturday afternoon. There are many activities holding in it. Students can watch diversely English films. They can as well as learn to sing English songs, which can help them learn English word by heart. In addition, many topics can be discussed there in a language. How do you like our club? I'm looking forward to early reply.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 答案：第一句：much→more 第二句：when→that 第三句：found→founded 第四句：got→get 第五句：holding→held 第六句：diversely→diverse 第七句：去掉第二个as; word→words 第八句：a→the 第十句：to后加your Ⅲ.书面表达 假定你是李华，你的好友李明在中学生英语朗诵比赛中荣获一等奖。请你根据以下内容，给他写一封祝贺信。内容包括。‎ ‎1．向他表示祝贺；‎ ‎2．请他介绍成功的经验；‎ ‎3．希望有一天能像他一样取得成功。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．开头和结尾已经为你写好，但不计入总词数；‎ ‎3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear Li Ming，‎ I hear that you have won the first prize 　‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 参考范文：‎ Dear Li Ming，‎ I hear that you have won the first prize in the English Recitation Contest for middle school students, so I am writing to give congratulations to you from the bottom of my heart.‎ As your best friend, I am proud of you! I know you always have been hardworking. Your efforts pay off at last. Your pronunciation and fluent English, especially your beautiful voice, left me a deep impression. I hope that I can be successful like you one day. So could you share with me how you improve your English? Your experience will be of great help to me in my learning.‎ I will appreciate it if you can write me back and give me your advice. Look forward to your early reply.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua