四川省成都市第七中学2020届高三上学期一诊考试英语试题

四川省成都市第七中学2020届高三上学期一诊考试英语试题

成都七中高2020届成都市一诊模拟考试 英语试题 考试时间：120分钟 满分：150 分 注意事项：‎ ‎1. 考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上；‎ ‎2. 作答时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷和草稿纸上无效；‎ ‎3. 考试结束后，只将答题卡交回。‎ 第一部分 听力（共两节, 满分 30 分）‎ 第一节（共5 小题；每小题1.5 分， 满分 7.5 分）‎ 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出 最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关 小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. What can be inferred about Professor Burns?‎ A. She didn’t require any papers last semester.‎ B. She was more flexible last semester.‎ C. She grades papers very quickly.‎ ‎2. What trouble does the man have?‎ A. He has lost his train ticket.‎ B. He doesn’t t know which train to take.‎ C. He doesn’t have money for a ticket.‎ ‎3. What does the woman mean?‎ A. She is new here.‎ B. She knows the way to the library.‎ C. The library is beside the supermarket.‎ ‎4. What’s the date today?‎ A. 16th. B. 17th. C. 18th.‎ ‎5. Where does this conversation most probably take place?‎ A. In a restaurant. B. In a grocery. C. In a library.‎ 第二节（共15 小题；每小题1.5 分， 满分 22.5 分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读 各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。‎ ‎6. What’s NOT true about Mr. Smith?‎ A. Boiling water is running down his leg.‎ B. He can not breathe well after a walk.‎ C. He can’t sleep well because of the pain.‎ ‎7. What has caused the trouble?‎ A. Dr Green doesn’t know yet.‎ B. Mr Smith was burnt by boiling water.‎ C. Mr Smith has tired himself out in his work.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10题 ‎8. Who is the woman probably?‎ A. A salesgirl. B. A librarian. C. A waitress.‎ ‎9. Why does the man want to change the CD?‎ A It is broken. B. His mum took it wrong. C. He doesn’t like it.‎ ‎10. What does the man want to exchange the CD for?‎ A. The latest CD by Chaos Theory.‎ B. The first CD by Chaos Theory.‎ C. A computer game.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13题。‎ ‎11. What will the speakers do for Sarah’s birthday?‎ A. Plan a party. B. Have a video night. C. Have a trip.‎ ‎12. Where will the celebration be held?‎ A. In Sarah’s house. B. In Arm’s house. C. In John’s house.‎ ‎13. Who will invite their friends?‎ A. Ann. B. Ann’s mother. C. John.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第16题。‎ ‎14. What does the woman think of her new class?‎ A. Very Good. B. Just so-so. C. Not good.‎ ‎15. What is the trouble the man has in his language class?‎ A. Pair work is very difficult.‎ B. He doesn’t understand his teacher.‎ C. His partner’s English is not so good.‎ ‎16. Why does the man say the woman is a bad person?‎ A. She hurts his feelings. B. She refuses his invitations. C. He is just joking.‎ 听下面一段独白，回答第 17 至第 20 题。‎ ‎17. Who is the speaker?‎ A. A park manager. B. A tourist guide. C. A restaurant host.‎ ‎18. What is the speaker mainly talking about?‎ A. A historic tree. B. A well-known park. C. A famous commander.‎ ‎19. What do we know about the Washington Elm?‎ A. It was less than 100 years old.‎ B. It was much older than people had thought.‎ C. Washington couldn’t have commanded under it.‎ ‎20. What can we learn from what the speaker said?‎ A. Some historical stories are untrue.‎ B. Washington commanded the army on his knees.‎ C. The Washington Elm was destroyed before the celebration.‎ 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分 40 分）‎ 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分， 满分 30 分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题 卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Everyone fancies a bargain; if it is free, everyone loves it even more! Those who do not believe in a free lunch can now eat their words because it is possible to get things for free in Singapore without any conditions attached. Let me introduce you to some tips on where and how to gain some free presents, all without even touching your wallet.‎ Food Go search for food festivals and fairs. These food sellers usually put out a lot of small samples for all to try. Famous ones include the Singapore Food Festival held annually in the month of July at various locations including the Takashimaya Square and Plaza Singapura.‎ Haircuts There are well-known hair salons every month that require hair models for apprentices(学徒) to exercise their skills or for their hair stylists(发型师) to experiment with new styles. Unbelievable as it might sound, most people come out of this experience satisfied and addicted to more of such deals. Free Internet Most hotels offer free wifi. There are also many cafes in Singapore that offer free wireless surfing. However, order a coffee to avoid unfriendly stares from the staff. Popular spots include the McDonald’s, Starbucks and Cafe Galilee outlets throughout our island. Free City Tour If you are a traveler in Singapore, the Singapore Tourism Board has arranged for you to enjoy a free two-hour city tour that offers you a choice to enjoy a Sentosa Island tour or a small-boat experience.‎ Living and traveling in Singapore is expensive, but sometimes all it takes is a closer look at all the little sheltered comers of this island to appreciate the occasional treasures that are given to those who seek.‎ ‎1. Which of the following best explains the underlined part “all without even touching your wallet”？‎ A. Free of charge. B. Free of worry.‎ C. Free of pain. D. Free of tax.‎ ‎2. From which way does free “Haircuts” benefit hair salons?‎ A. Advertising their products.‎ B. Attracting more customers.‎ C. Developing their staff’s skills.‎ D. Building their reputation.‎ ‎3. In which part of a magazine can we read this text?‎ A. Health. B. Economy.‎ C. Education. D. Travel.‎ ‎【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是说明文。文章介绍了在新加坡旅游或生活可以免费得到的服务和产品。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 词句猜测题。根据第一段中的Let me introduce you to some tips on where and how to gain some free presents, all without even touching your wallet.可知，让我向你介绍一些关于在哪里和如何获得免费礼物的小窍门，所有这些都是免费的。文章首段画线部分前文get things for free in Singapore有提示，由此推知，划线部分是“免费”的意思。故选A。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中的There are well-known hair salons every month that require hair models for apprentices(学徒) to exercise their skills or for their hair stylists(发型师) to experiment with new styles. 可知，有一些著名的发廊每个月都需要发型模特为徒弟们练习技巧，或者让发型师尝试新的发型。由此可知，美发沙龙的学徒和发型师都可以通过免费“理发”来提高自己的专业技能。故选C。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中的Those who do not believe in a free lunch can now eat their words because it is possible to get things for free in Singapore without any conditions attached. Let me introduce you to some tips on where and how to gain some free presents, all without even touching your wallet.（那些不相信免费午餐的人现在可以食言了，因为在新加坡可以不附加任何条件免费得到东西。让我来给你介绍一些在哪里以及如何获得免费礼物的小技巧，所有这些甚至都不用动你的钱包）可知，全文主要讲在新加坡旅游时可享受的免费服务和产品，本文应属于旅游范畴。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。如第3小题，From which way does free “Haircuts” benefit hair salons?要求判断出免费“理发”对发廊有什么好处。根据第三段中的There are well-known hair salons every month that require ‎ hair models for apprentices(学徒) to exercise their skills or for their hair stylists(发型师) to experiment with new styles. 可知，有一些著名的发廊每个月都需要发型模特为徒弟们练习技巧，或者让发型师尝试新的发型。由此可知，美发沙龙的学徒和发型师都可以通过免费“理发”来提高自己的专业技能。‎ B When emergency workers arrive at an old firehouse in New York City, the way they greet each other is not what you might expect. These first responders say," Ni Hao! " "Ni Hao" means "hello" in Mandarin Chinese.‎ First responders are the first emergency workers to arrive at a fire, traffic accident or other emergency. Some first responders are fire fighters, while others can be Emergency Medical Technicians.‎ In Brooklyn, New York, over 20 first responders are studying Mandarin Chinese for about two hours a week. The class is the first of its kind. It is offered by the New York City Fire Department Foundation.‎ The U. S. Census Bureau recently reported that some New York neighborhoods are made up mostly of immigrants. Some people have predicted that the Chinese community is likely to become New York's largest immigrant group. They think the city will have the largest Chinese community outside of Asia.‎ The Census Bureau also found that almost 200 languages are spoken in the city. So, knowing different languages is important, especially if you are a first responder.‎ Lieutenant(中尉,少尉) Steve Lee is president of the Fire Department's Phoenix Society. He says that first responders must be able to communicate quickly and effectively when an emergency happens. He explains that first responders enter neighborhoods and communities to assist regardless of where they are from. Many times first responders do not speak the same language as the people they are called to help. He adds that it is vital, or very important, that first responders are able to communicate with the people calling for help.‎ Without help from homeowners and others, Lee adds, discovering exactly where a fire is burning can be a real problem. First responders need to ask questions such as "What building? What address? What apartment?" And the most important question,"‎ ‎ Is there anybody left in the building and where?"‎ ‎4. Who are first responders according to Paragraph 2?‎ A. People first learning the disaster. B. Persons leading the emergency rescue.‎ C. Rescuers first reaching the disaster D. People first find the disaster.‎ ‎5. Why are the first responders in New York studying the Chinese language?‎ A. To show respect to the Chinese immigrants.‎ B. To learn about Chinese cultures much better.‎ C. To meet the rapid growth of Chinese population.‎ D. To find a better job in Chinese community.‎ ‎6. What do first responders concern most?‎ A. The place where the fire occurs. B. The people trapped in the fire.‎ C. The language to communicate. D. The distance covered to the fire.‎ ‎7. What can be a suitable title for the text?‎ A. Mandarin Being a Must for Emergency Workers B. New York's Emergency Crews Learning Mandarin C. Language Problem Disturbing First Responders' Work D. Importance of Languages Used in Emergency Rescue ‎【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，本文通过一个特别的视角来说明纽约的中国移民越来越多，导致救援人员都要开始学习中文，以便于在紧急情况下可以和中国移民顺利交流了解相关情况。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句First responders are the first emergency workers to arrive at a fire, traffic accident or other emergency.可知到达现场的第一个救援人员是应答者。故C项正确。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段后两句Some people have predicted that the Chinese community is likely to become New York's largest immigrant group. They think the city will have'‎ ‎ the largest Chinese community outside of Asia.可知纽约最大的移民团体是中国人，所以紧急情况之下第一个应答者要会讲中文，这是为了满足迅速增加的这一移民团体的需要。故C项正确。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章最后一句And the most important question," Is there anybody left in the building and where?"可知救援人员最关注的是是否有人被困在危险境地。故B项正确。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。本文通过一个特别的视角来说明纽约的中国移民越来越多，导致救援人员都要开始学习中文，以便于在紧急情况下可以和中国移民顺利交流了解相关情况。所以B项与文章主旨一致。‎ ‎【点睛】在阅读理解中，我们常常用因果项原则来设置选项。‎ 阅读理解逻辑推理基本都是通过因果链进行的，前因后果，一步步循序渐进。然而，在推理题型的选项中，有的选项会推理不到位（止于前因），或者推理过头（止于后果），这就是所谓的干扰项。因果项原则规定：假如四个选项中有两项互为同一事物推理过程中的因果关系，那么正确答案就是这两个因果项中的其中之一。如果因项可以产生几个结果，那么答案就是因项；如果结果项可以对应几个原因，那么答案就是结果项。‎ No one should be forced to wear a uniform. Uniforms are totally unnecessary in a democratic society. Uniform tell the world that the person who wears one has no value as an individual, that is, the individual in a uniform loses self-worth. There are those who say that wearing a uniform gives a sense of identification with a more important concept. But in fact, the individual himself is the most important, if an organization is so weak that it must rely on the uniform to inspire it members, that organization has not right to continue its existence. On the other hand, uniforms also hurt the economy.‎ Q: The author’s main purpose in writing this paragraph is to______.‎ A. show that uniform are possible in a democratic society B. advocate stronger governmental controls on the wearing of uniforms C. convince the reader that uniforms have more disadvantages than advantages D. advocate doing away with uniforms ‎『个案解析』：答案为C，综合分析四个选项，我们会发现C与B、D项互为因果项，也就是说，因为C：制服的弊大于利，所以B：呼吁政府采取措施控制穿制服，或D呼吁废除制服。根据因果项原则，一个原因对应了两个结果，答案应该选原因项C。本题是主旨题，根据原文，本段主要是列出制服的弊端，说明制服弊大于利。B、D项为干扰项，属于推理过头。‎ C Does Fame Drive You Crazy?‎ Although being famous might sound like a dream come true, today's stars, feeling like zoo animals, face pressures that few of us can imagine. They are at the center of much of the world's attention. Paparazzi(狗仔队) camp outside their homes, cameras ready. Tabloids(小报) publish thrilling stories about their personal lives. Just imagine not being able to do anything without being photographed or interrupted for a signature!‎ According to psychologist Christina Villarreal, celebrities—famous people—worry constantly about their public appearance. Eventually, they start to lose track of who they really are, seeing themselves the way their fans imagine them, not as the people they were before everyone knew their names. “Over time，” Villarreal says, “they feel separated and alone.”‎ The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages. In the 4th century B．C., painters followed Alexander the Great into battle, hoping to picture his victories for his admirers. When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century, his soldout readings attracted thousands of fans, leading him to complain(抱怨) about his lack of privacy. Tabloids of the 1920s and 1930s ran articles about filmstars in much the same way that modern tabloids and websites do.‎ Being a public figure today, however, is a lot more difficult than it used to be. Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras. When they say something silly or do something ridiculous, there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their “story” alive forever.‎ If fame is so troublesome, why aren't all celebrities running away from it? The answer is there are still ways to deal with it. Some stars stay calm by surrounding themselves with trusted friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities.‎ ‎ They focus not on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place.‎ Sometimes a few celebrities can get a little justice. Still, even stars who enjoy full justice often complain about how hard their lives are. They are tired of being famous already.‎ ‎8. It can be learned from the passage that stars today ________.‎ A. are often misunderstood by the public B. can no longer have their privacy protected C. spend too much on their public appearance D. care little about how they have come into fame ‎9. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?‎ A. Great heroes of the past were generally admired.‎ B. The problem faced by celebrities has a long history.‎ C. Wellknown actors are usually targets of tabloids.‎ D. Works of popular writers often have a lot of readers.‎ ‎10. What makes it much harder to be a celebrity today?‎ A. Availability of modern media.‎ B. Inadequate social recognition.‎ C. Lack of favorable chances.‎ D. Huge population of fans.‎ ‎11. What is the author's attitude toward modern celebrity?‎ A. Sincere. B. Sceptical.‎ C. Disapproving. D. Sympathetic.‎ ‎【答案】8. B 9. B 10. A 11. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是议论文。文章讲述的是成名给名人们的生活带来的影响，以及处理这些问题的方法，并依此引发读者思考。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段的“They are at the center of much of the world’s ‎ attention. Paparazzi (狗仔队) camp outside their homes, cameras ready. Tabloids (小报) publish thrilling stories about their personal lives”他们是全世界关注的焦点，狗仔队在他们家外面扎营，小报上到处都是关于他们私人生活的惊悚故事。可知，他们的生活完全被媒体多报道，生活中的隐私已经处于了没有任何保护的状态了，故选B。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段的中心句，即第一句“The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages”可知，该段落主要讲的是追踪名人已经有了很久的历史了，故选B。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras. When they say something silly or do something ridiculous, there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their “story” alive forever”可知，他们做任何事情都会被现代照相机、英特网等当代媒体捕捉到，因此，这些现代媒体让今天的人成为名人不容易，故选A。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者介绍了很多名人受成名所累，失去了生活的隐私，失去了自我，变得孤独、变得被世界隔离，因此可以推断出作者对他们抱有同情的态度，故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】社会现象类阅读解题技巧：‎ 这类文章通过写人记事来揭示文章的主题，显示其社会意义，一般采用顺序或倒叙来叙述。题目经常是一些细节问题。考查的方面可以是原因和其中引发的思考。阅读这类文章要理清思路。‎ ‎1、浏览试题，明确要求。‎ 在阅读文章前，最好先浏览一下文章后面的题干和选项。知道了问题后再去看文章，可使思路更敏捷，而且也便于阅读时留意文中出现的与选项有关的信息。‎ ‎2、通读全文，抓住主要内容。‎ 在不影响理解的前提下，尽可能地阅读以便在尽可能短的时间内理解文章或段落的内容。阅读时，如遇到不熟悉的单词、词组或一时看不懂的句子，不要停下来苦思冥想，继续读下去，通过上下文的词语和句子可能就理解了。‎ ‎3、抓住中心思想和段落大意。‎ 通读全文时，要特别注意主题句。每篇文章或每个段落都有与文章有关的句子，尤其是科技、政论性文章的主题句一般都在文章的开头或结尾，插在中间的很少。所以，文章的第一段或开头的第一、二个句子往往包含着文章的中心思想、作者的意图或全文的概述，因此要特别注意，彻底理解。‎ ‎4、有针对性地仔细阅读，找寻所需信息。‎ 在前面的基础上，可进行有针对性地阅读了。把与问题无关的内容一扫而过，而对于和问题有关的内容认真阅读，还可以用笔在下面做出记号。再把这些信息与问题的要求结合起来，逐条分析，综合判断，找出正确答案。‎ ‎5、进行合理的推理判断。‎ 对文章有了全面的了解之后，可以按照文章要求以及上下文之间的关系，做出推理判断。在进行推理判断的时候，需要综合考虑句型、语法、句子之间的逻辑关系、文化背景等方面的因素。‎ ‎6、认真复读，验证答案。‎ 要用全文的中心思想统帅各个题目，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，并依次审核那些还未打上的题目，确保理解无误。‎ D Some of the world’s most significant problems never hit headlines. One example comes from agriculture. Food unrest and hunger make news. But the trend lying behind these matters is rarely talked about. This is the decline in the growth in production of some of the world’s major crops. A new study by the University of Minnesota and McGill University in Montreal looks at where, and how far, this decline is occurring.‎ The authors study the four most important crops: rice, wheat, corn and soybeans. They find that the improvement in yields that took place before the 1980s slowed down in the 1990s and 2000s.‎ There are two worrying features of the slowdown. One is that it has been particularly sharp in the world’s most populous (人口多的) countries, India and China. Their ability to feed themselves has been an important source of relative stability both within the countries and on world food markets. That self-sufficiency cannot be taken for granted if yields continue to slow down.‎ Second, production growth has been lower in wheat and rice than in corn and soybeans. This is problematic because wheat and rice are more important as foods, accounting for around half of all calories consumed. Corn and soybeans are more ‎ important as feed grains. The authors note that “We have preferentially focused our crop improvement efforts on feeding animals and cars rather than on crops that feed people and are the basis of food security in much of the world.”‎ The report qualifies the more optimistic findings of another new paper which suggests that the world will not have to dig up a lot more land for farming in order to feed 9 billion people in 2050, as the Food and Agriculture Organisation has argued.‎ Instead, it says, thanks to slowing population growth, land currently ploughed up for crops might be able to revert (回返) to forest or wilderness. This could happen. The trouble is that the forecast assumes continued improvements in production, which may not actually happen.‎ ‎12 What does the author try to draw attention to?‎ A. Food riots and hunger in the world.‎ B. News headlines in the leading media.‎ C. The decline of the grain production growth.‎ D. The food supply in populous countries.‎ ‎13. Why does the author mention India and China in particular?‎ A. Their self-sufficiency is vital to the stability of world food markets.‎ B. Their food yields have begun to decrease sharply in recent years.‎ C. Their big populations are causing worldwide concerns.‎ D. Their food self-sufficiency has been taken for granted.‎ ‎14. What does the Food and Agriculture Organization say about world food production in the coming decades?‎ A. The growing population will greatly increase the pressure on world food supplies.‎ B. The optimistic prediction about food production should be viewed with caution.‎ C. The slowdown of the growth in yields of major food crops will be reversed.‎ D. The world will be able to feed its population without increasing farmland.‎ ‎15. How does the author view the argument of the Food and Agriculture Organisation?‎ A. It is built on the findings of a new study.‎ B. It is based on a doubtful assumption.‎ C. It is backed by strong evidence.‎ D. It is open to further discussion.‎ ‎【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了世界上一些最重要的问题从未登上头条。一个例子来自农业。粮食动荡和饥饿成为新闻。但这些事情背后的趋势却很少被谈及，世界上一些主要农作物产量增长的下降是一个很紧迫的问题。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段This is the decline in the growth in production of some of the world’s major crops. A new study by the University of Minnesota and McGill University in Montreal looks at where, and how far, this decline is occurring.（这是世界上一些主要农作物产量增长的下降。明尼苏达大学和蒙特利尔麦吉尔大学的一项新研究着眼于这种下降是在何处、以及在多大程度上发生的）由此可知，作者试图引起人们注意粮食产量增长的下降。故选C。‎ ‎13题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段One is that it has been particularly sharp in the world’s most populous (人口多的) countries, India and China. Their ability to feed themselves has been an important source of relative stability both within the countries and on world food markets. That self-sufficiency cannot be taken for granted if yields continue to slow down.（一个是，在世界上人口最多的国家——印度和中国，这种趋势尤为明显。他们自给自足的能力一直是国家内部和世界粮食市场相对稳定的一个重要来源。如果产量继续下降，这种自给自足就不能被视为理所当然）由此推断出，作者特别提到了印度和中国是因为它们的自给自足对世界粮食市场的稳定至关重要。故选A。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The report qualifies the more optimistic findings of another new paper which suggests that the world will not have to dig up a lot more land for farming in order to feed 9 billion people in 2050, as the Food and Agriculture Organisation has ‎ argued.（该报告证实了另一篇新论文中较为乐观的发现，即如联合国粮农组织所言，到2050年，为了养活90亿人口，世界将不必开辟更多的耕地）由此可知，联合国粮农组织认为，在未来几十年，世界将能够在不增加耕地的情况下养活其人口。故选D。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段Instead, it says, thanks to slowing population growth, land currently ploughed up for crops might be able to revert (回返) to forest or wilderness. This could happen. The trouble is that the forecast assumes continued improvements in production, which may not actually happen.（相反，它说，由于人口增长放缓，目前用于种植作物的土地可能会恢复成森林或荒野。这可能发生。问题在于，该预测假定生产将持续改善，但实际情况可能并非如此）由此推断出，作者认为粮农组织的观点是基于一个可疑的假设。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】通过对关键词，关键短语或者是关键的句子的把握是解决推理判断题的重要解题方法之一，它们往往隐藏着深层的意思。小题2根据第三段One is that it has been particularly sharp in the world’s most populous (人口多的) countries, India and China. Their ability to feed themselves has been an important source of relative stability both within the countries and on world food markets. That self-sufficiency cannot be taken for granted if yields continue to slow down.（一个是，在世界上人口最多的国家——印度和中国，这种趋势尤为明显。他们自给自足的能力一直是国家内部和世界粮食市场相对稳定的一个重要来源。如果产量继续下降，这种自给自足就不能被视为理所当然）由此推断出，作者特别提到了印度和中国是因为它们的自给自足对世界粮食市场的稳定至关重要。故选A。‎ 第二节（共 5 小题,每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）‎ 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多 余选项。‎ We’ve all experienced peer pressure (同伴压力) . It happens to everybody. However, people have different reactions. Confident people refuse to do things they don’t want to do, but shy and anxious people often give in. It may be because they want to be liked. It may be because they worry that their friends will make fun of them, or perhaps they’re just curious about trying something new. ___16___‎ It’s hard being the only one who says no and the question is: how do you do it? ___17___‎ If you think that missing maths, or smoking, or going somewhere you know your parents wouldn’t like is a bad idea then the answer is simple: don’t do it. It’s your ‎ decision, nobody else’s. You don’t need to be aggressive. You don’t need to shout and scream, but you must be confident and you must be firm. You need to say, “No thanks. I don’t want to do that.”‎ Being on your own against everybody else is very hard, so it can really help to have at least one other peer, or friend, who will say no too. ______18______You want friends who will support you when you’re in trouble. You don’t want people who will always agree with the majority. Remember, the most popular people aren’t always the most trustworthy.‎ ‎______19______ You can learn a lot from people of your own age. They can teach you great football skills or the best way to do your maths homework. They can recommend music and advise you on fashion. And don’t forget you can tell them things too, and that always feels great. So, find friends who have similar interests. And remember, friendship isn’t about feeling depressed and guilty. _______20_______‎ A. It may be because they were all born to be stubborn.‎ B. Depression and guilt will surely give you peer pressure.‎ C. Whatever the reason, some people end up doing things the really don’t want to.‎ D. Of course, peer pressure isn’t completely bad.‎ E. Choose your friends carefully.‎ F. Firstly, you must decide what you believe in.‎ G. It’s about sharing experiences and having fun.‎ ‎【答案】16. C 17. F ‎ ‎18. E 19. D ‎ ‎20. G ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何应对同龄人压力的几点建议。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 上文介绍了人们经历同龄人压力的原因，此处承接上文，说的还是关于经历同龄人压力的原因的内容，故C项（不管什么原因，有些人最终会做一些他们不想做的事情）符合语境。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 本空后的“If you think that missing maths, or smoking, or going somewhere you know ‎ your parents wouldn’t like is a bad idea then the answer is simple: don’t do it.”及“You don’t need to shout and scream, but you must be confident and you must be firm. You need to say, “No thanks. I don’t want to do that.””可知，如果你认为是不好的事情就不要做，如果你不喜欢做某事你要自信并且坚定地说“不，我不喜欢那样做”，此处说的是与决定做什么与不做什么有关的话题，故F项（首先，你必须决定你相信什么）符合语境。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据本空后的“Remember, the most popular people aren’t always the most trustworthy.”可知，最受欢迎的人并不总是最值得信赖的，此处讲的是关于选择朋友的话题，故E项（谨慎选择朋友）符合语境。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据本空后的“You can learn a lot from people of your own age.”可知，你可以从同龄人那里学到很多东西，此处讲的应该是同龄人压力有一些好处，故D项（当然，同龄人的压力也不是完全不好）符合语境。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据本空前的“And remember, friendship isn’t about feeling depressed and guilty.”可知，友谊并不是关于沮丧和后悔，此处讲的是相反的一种情况，G项中的It指代的就是前面的friendship，故G项（它是关于分享经验和享受乐趣）符合语境。‎ 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并 在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Mirai Nagasu had already lived at least two lifetimes in the sport of figure skating(花样滑冰) when she showed up in Colorado Springs in March 2014. After ___21___ her only national title at 14 in 2008 and finishing a ___22___ fourth at the 2010 Winter Olympic Games, Nagasu’s ___23___ turned, dramatically. A couple of rough ___24___followed, then she came back to finish third at the 2014 U.S. nationals before the Sochi Olympics, only to be ___25___from the U.S. team by a committee in favor of fourth-place finisher Ashley Wagner.‎ Nagasu was ___26___. “It was awful,” she said. “I was very close to ___27___. ‎ ‎”She trained hard every day in Southern California ___28___she was needed as the first alternate. She was not. Looking for a change of scenery, she ___29___to go to Colorado to visit her friend Agnes and try to ____30____what to do with the rest of her life. It was there that Nagasu ____31____ the Olympic coach Tom Zakrajsek, who she asked if he would ____32____her. It turned out that the ____33____to what Nagasu wanted to do with the rest of her life, couldn’t have been ____34____. She kept on skating. “The new environment really ____35____. ”At their ____36____ first lesson together, Zakrajsek told her, “You can do triple axel(三圈半跳跃). ”“I ____37____，”Nagasu said, “and I want to. ”Undoubtedly, she mastered it.‎ Nagasu, now 24, an age by which young ____38____have often left the sport. ____39____, she continued. She was headed to Pyeongchang 2018 Olympic to perform in the women’s free skate. Her efforts finally ____40____.‎ ‎21. A. writing B. breaking C. losing D. winning ‎22. A. tiring B. boring C. surprising D. terrifying ‎23. A. fortunes B. interest C. career D. temper ‎24. A. months B. decades C. weeks D. years ‎25. A. dropped B. escaped C. absent D. forbidden ‎26. A. impressed B. inspired C. desperate D. fascinated ‎27. A. fighting B. falling C. drowning D. quitting ‎28. A. now that B. in case C. for fear that D. on condition that ‎29. A. decided B. refused C. regretted D. demanded ‎30. A. let out B. figure out C. look for D. put forward ‎31. A. searched B. met C. changed D. attracted ‎32. A. marry B. blame C. save D. coach ‎33. A. key B. approach C. answer D. entrance ‎34. A. simpler B. harder C. worse D. higher ‎35. A. adapted B. helped C. mattered D. benefited ‎36. A. very B. just C. already D. ever ‎37. A. must B. can C. should D. may ‎38. A. alternates B. teenagers C. women D. coaches ‎39. A. Therefore B. Besides C. Otherwise D. Instead ‎40. A. came true B. counted on C. paid off D. picked up ‎【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文为记叙文。文章主要介绍了Mirai Nagasu为梦想而奋斗的励志故事。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：Mirai 2008年14岁时赢得了国家冠军。A. writing 写 B. breaking 打破 C. losing 丢失 D. winning 赢得。Nagasu’s 　　　3　　　 turned, dramatically.说明她以前比赛表现非常好。故选D。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：Mirai 在2010年冬奥会上得了第四名令人吃惊。A. tiring 厌烦的 B. boring 无聊的 C. surprising 令人吃惊的 D. terrifying 使人害怕的。Nagasu’s 　　　3　　　 turned, dramatically.在运气改变之前她赢得冠军，然后获得冬奥会花样滑冰第四名。故选C。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：Mirai 的运气发生了改变。A. fortunes 运气 B. interest 兴趣 C. career 事业 D. temper 脾气。后面说到虽然曾经比赛成绩辉煌，但是被美国队放弃，她运气改变了。故选A。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：接下来几年Mirai 过得很艰难。A. months 几个月 B. decades 几十年 C. weeks 几周 D. years 几年。根据语境可知从2010-2014应该为几年，故选D。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：虽然Mirai得了第三，但却被支持第四名获得者的委员放弃。A. dropped 使落下，使掉下 B. escaped 逃跑 C. absent 缺席的 D. forbidden 禁止的。根据语境可知此处表示虽然Mirai得了第三，却被放弃，没有被选中。故选A。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：Nagasu没有被选中，所以很绝望。A. impressed 印象深的 B. inspired 受到鼓舞的 C. desperate 绝望的 D. fascinated 迷人的。 “It was awful,”得知她很绝望。故选C。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：“我差点就要放弃了”。A. fighting 战斗 B. falling 下降 C. drowning 淹死,溺死 D. quitting 放弃。“It was awful,”她很绝望几乎要放弃。故选D。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查短语。句意：她坚持每天刻苦练习以防万一自己能当替补。A. now that 既然 B. in case 以防万一 C. for fear that 唯恐 D. on condition that 如果。表示她坚持每天练习是为了万一自己能当替补。故选B。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：她决定去Colorado 拜访朋友。A. decided 决定 B. refused 拒绝 C. regretted 后悔 D. demanded 要求，请求。Looking for a change of scenery, 她到朋友那里寻找突破比赛瓶颈的答案。故选A。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词短语。句意：她想要弄清楚自己余生要干点什么。A. let out 发出声 B. figure out 查明，搞清 C. look for 寻找 D. put forward 提出。根据Looking for a change of scenery, 可知此处表示想要弄清楚自己余生要干点什么。故选B。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：在那里她遇到了奥运会教练Tom Zakrajsek 。A. searched 寻找 B. met 遇到 C. changed 改变 D. attracted 吸引。故选B。‎ ‎32题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：她问教练是否可以训练她。A. marry 结婚 B. blame 责备 C. save 挽救 D. coach 教练，培训。 the Olympic coach Tom Zakrajsek, 以及At their 　　　　16　　　　 first lesson together,得知她当时比赛成绩没有突破，想让 the Olympic coach Tom ‎ Zakrajsek, 训练她。故选D。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：对于她余生想干什么的答案不可能比这更简单。A. key 关键，钥匙 B. approach 方法 C. answer 答案 D. entrance 入口。what to do with the rest of her life她在这里找到了答案。故选C。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：对于她余生想干什么的答案不可能比这更简单。A. simpler 更简单 B. harder 更困难 C. worse 更糟糕 D. higher 更高。答案其实很简单。故选A。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：新的环境真的帮助了她。A. adapted 适应 B. helped 帮助 C. mattered 重要 D. benefited 获益。Undoubtedly, she mastered it.新的教练新的方法帮助了她。故选B。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：就在他们的第一次课上。A. very 正好 B. just刚刚 C. already 已经 D. ever 曾经。就在第一次课上，教练让她练习做三圈半跳跃动作。故选A。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查情态动词。 句意：“我能做到”。A. must 必须 B. can 能够 C. should 应该 D. may 可能。Undoubtedly, she mastered it.得知她能做到教练要求的动作。故选B。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：24岁对于很多女性来说可能已经离开了运动场。A. alternates代表;替代者 B. teenagers 青少年 C. women 女性 D. coaches 教练。 she continued.以及the women’s free skate.表示这是她是一位女性。故选C。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：相反地，她不是离开，而是继续坚持。A. Therefore 因此 B. Besides 此外 C. Otherwise 否则 D. Instead 代替，而不是。she continued.表示她继续坚持。故选D。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查动词短语。句意：她的努力最终有了回报。A. came true 实现 B. counted on 依赖 C. paid off 有回报 D. picked up 捡起。全文都在讲述她不放弃，坚持，可以判断出来她的努力有了回报。故选C。‎ 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5分， 满分 15 分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 （1个单词） 或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ The Great Wall of China is one of the greatest ____41____ (sight) in the world—the longest wall in the world. ____42____ （it） winding path and steep mountains take in some great scenery. The “Long Wall” has a long history—more than 2,600 years. It ____43____ (build) in different areas by different dynasties.‎ In the Qin dynasty, the First Emperor of Qin linked the northern walls ____44____ (prevent) aggression from northern nations. In the Han dynasty, the emperors ____45____ wanted to protect trade on the Silk Road extended the Great Wall into today’s western China. The Great Wall is a building project with the longest duration and at ____46____ cost of lives, blood, sweat and tears. It ____47____ (deserve) its place among the “New 7 Wonders of the World” and the UNESCO World Heritage Sites.‎ During the construction of the Great Wall, there were many ____48____ (extreme) interesting stories, such as Lady Meng Jiang weeping over her husband’s death at the Great Wall, a sad but romantic love story set in the Qin dynasty. The Great Wall of China is the must-see attraction in China. Perhaps the most ____49____ (power) advertising words in history come from the poetic pen of Chairman Mao, “Until you reach the Great history Wall, you’re no hero.” It means getting ____50____ difficulties before reaching a goal.‎ ‎【答案】41. sights ‎ ‎42. Its 43. was built ‎ ‎44. to prevent ‎ ‎45. who/that ‎ ‎46. the 47. deserves ‎ ‎48. extremely ‎ ‎49. powerful ‎ ‎50. over ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上最伟大的景观之一——中国长城。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：中国的长城是世界上最伟大的景观之一——世界上最长的城墙。one of + 可数名词复数，表示“……中之一”，所以填sights。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查代词。句意：它的蜿蜒的小路和陡峭的山峦构成了美丽的风景。文中表示“它的”，句子第一个单词的首字母大写，所以填Its。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查时态和语态。句意：它是由不同的朝代在不同的地区建造的。描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时。“它”和“建造”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，所以填was built。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查不定式。句意：在秦朝，秦始皇把北方的城墙连接起来，以防止北方民族的侵略。作目的状语，用不定式，所以填to prevent。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。句意：在汉代，皇帝想要保护丝绸之路的贸易，将长城延伸到今天的中国西部。____5____ wanted to protect trade on the Silk Road是一个定语从句，修饰先行词the emperors，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，所以填who/that。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：长城是一项持续时间最长、以生命、鲜血、汗水和眼泪为代价的建筑工程。at the cost of以…为代价，该短语是固定短语，所以填the。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查时态。句意：它应该被列入“世界新七大奇迹”和联合国教科文组织世界遗产。描述主语现在的状态，用一般现在时。主语it是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，所以填deserves。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：在修筑长城的过程中，有许多非常有趣的故事。该空修饰形容词interesting，用副词，所以填extremely。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：也许历史上最有力的广告词来自毛主席的诗句:“不到长城非好汉。”该空修饰名词advertising words，用形容词，所以填powerful。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查固定短语。句意：它意味着在达到目标之前克服困难。get ‎ over克服，该短语是固定短语，所以填over。‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Challenges of life are of great importance in our grow. They remind me my days in senior high school which I joined in the military training. It was the first time I have lived away from my home so I found it difficult to fit in. And the training officer was strict in me. I once thought I couldn’t stick to the end, but anyway, I made them. The trials made it much easy for me to adapt to life, but the difficulties I came across have now become a precious memory in my life. In short, learning to regard the challenges of life as a stepping stone to future success and make best of them.‎ ‎【答案】第一处： grow→growth 第二处： me之后加of 第三处： which→when 第四处： have→had 第五处： in→with 第六处： them→it 第七处： easy→easier 第八处： but→and 第九处： learning→learn 第十处： best前面加the ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章作者通过回忆自己在高中时参加军训的日子，说明生活中的挑战对我们的成长至关重要。‎ ‎【详解】第一处：考查名词。句意：生活中的挑战对我们的成长至关重要。介词之后，用名词，所以grow改成growth。‎ 第二处：考查介词。句意：他们使我想起了我在高中时参加军训的日子。remind sb. of sth.使某人想起……该句型是固定句型，所以me之后加of。‎ 第三处：考查定语从句。句意：他们使我想起了我在高中时参加军训的日子。这里含有一个定语从句，先行词是my days，关系词在从句中作时间状语，所以which改成when。‎ 第四处：考查时态。句意：这是我第一次离家生活，所以我觉得很难适应。This / That/ It is/ was＋the＋序数词＋名词＋从句(从句中的时态要用完成时态；如前为is，则用现在完成时，如为was则用过去完成时)，所以have改成had。‎ 第五处：考查介词。句意：教官对我要求很严格。be strict with对……严格，该短语是固定短语，所以in改成with。‎ 第六处：考查代词。句意：我曾经认为我不能坚持到最后，但无论如何，我做到了。make it成功，该用法是固定用法，所以them改成it。‎ 第七处：考查比较级。句意：这些努力让我更容易适应生活，并且我遇到的困难现在已经成为我生命中珍贵的记忆。文中表示“更容易适应生活”，在进行比较，much修饰比较级，所以easy改成easier。‎ 第八处：考查连词。句意：这些努力让我更容易适应生活，并且我遇到的困难现在已经成为我生命中珍贵的记忆。文中前后句之间是并列关系，所以but改成and。‎ 第九处：考查祈使句。句意：简而言之，学会把生活中的挑战当作通向未来成功的垫脚石，并充分利用它们。祈使句用动词原形，所以learning改成learn。‎ 第十处：考查固定短语。句意：简而言之，学会把生活中的挑战当作通向未来成功的垫脚石，并充分利用它们。make the best of充分利用,该短语是固定短语，所以best前面加the。‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25 分）‎ ‎52.假定你是李华，你校将举办中文书法展(Chinese Calligraphy Exhibition).请写封邮件邀请你的外教John参加，内容包括：‎ ‎1. 时间及地点；‎ ‎2. 展览内容；‎ ‎3. 邀请他学书法。‎ 注意：1. 词数100左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear John,‎ How is everything going with you?‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear John,‎ How is everything going with you?‎ I know that you’re crazy about Chinese calligraphy,which has a long history and plays an important role in Chinese culture.  You always like to practice calligraphy in your spare time.It happens that our school will hold a calligraphy exhibition. I am pleased to inform you that the exhibition will be held from next Monday to Friday. More than 300 calligraphy works by students and teachers will be exhibited. All works will be exhibited on the fifth floor of the student center. If you have time, we would like to invite you to taste Chinese culture and learn to write calligraphy. I'm sure it will leave a deep impression on you.‎ I look forward to hearing from you. ‎ ‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这篇书面表达是一封电子邮件。假定你是李华，你校将举办中文书法展(Chinese Calligraphy ‎ Exhibition).请写封邮件邀请你的外教John参加。‎ ‎【详解】假定你是李华，你校将举办中文书法展(Chinese Calligraphy Exhibition).请写封邮件邀请你的外教John参加，内容包括：1. 时间及地点；2. 展览内容；3. 邀请他学书法。分析可知，应该以第一人称为主，一般现在时和一般将来时进行写作。要点已经给出，要求考生根据提纲自己发挥拓展，考生要先想好写哪几点，运用合适的语法规则和词汇把各要点都准确表述出。描述要尽量选择简洁的语言，难点在于选择词汇和句型，可以灵活运用高级词汇和固定短语准确表述。还要用适当的连接词把句子连接起来，这样文章显得更连贯。‎ ‎【点睛】这篇书面表达关键在于要点的拓展，同时注意谋篇布局的顺序，运用合适的连接词连接全文，同时选择高级的词汇和语法项目让文章更有文采。I know that you’re crazy about Chinese calligraphy,which has a long history and plays an important role in Chinese culture. 定语从句的运用。I'm sure it will leave a deep impression on you.宾语从句的运用。‎ ‎ ‎