【英语】2019届高考英语二轮复习考情揭秘热身卷（四）

【英语】2019届高考英语二轮复习考情揭秘热身卷（四）

‎2019届高考英语考情揭秘热身卷（四）‎ ‎1、    Course No. 1406   12 Lectures (30 Minutes/Lecture)‎ ‎    In The Secrets of Mental Math, award-winning Professor Arthur T. Benjamin teaches you the basic knowledge of mental mathematics. This powerful ability to perform mental calculations will give you an edge in business, at school, at work, or anywhere else that you meet with math.‎ ‎    Course No. 7175   12 Lectures (30 Minutes/Lecture)‎ ‎    In Museum Masterpieces: The Louvre, expert art critic and historian Professor Richard Brertell takes you on an unfor­gettable journey through one of the world's greatest museums. This 12-lecture series explores some of the most beautiful and renowned, examples from the museum's remarkable collec­tion of masterworks.‎ ‎    Course No. 158    12 Lectures (30 Minutes/Lecture)‎ ‎    In My Favorite Universe, world-famous physicist and director of the Hayden Pknetarium Neil dcGrassc Tyson takes you on a spirited and intellectually interesting journey through the universe and all its history, from before the big bang to the most likely ways in which the entire universe might end.‎ ‎    Course No. 6299   12 Lectures (30 Minutes/Lecture)‎ ‎    In The History of the Bible: The Making of the New Testament Canon, New York Times best-selling author and professor Bart D. Ehrman reveals the secret history behind the making of the New Testament, including how and when each book was written and why it was chosen to be included.‎ SPECIAL INTRODUCTORY OFFER!‎ Order any one of these BEST-SELLING COURSES for only:‎ ‎$199.95    $9.95 on DVD ‎ $134.95    $6.95 on CD ‎+$5 Shipping and Handling ORDER TODAY! Sale Ends Friday!‎ ‎1.Who can tell you something about the space? A.Bart D. Ehrman. B.Neil dcGrassc ‎ Tyson. C.Arthur T. Benjamin. D.Richard Brertell. 2.How much is Course No.158 on DVD delivered to your house? A.$6.95. B.$9.95. C.$11.95 . D.$14.95. 3.What is the passage mainly about? A.College courses studied in home. B.College courses learned on line. C.Some world-famous lectures. D.Four interesting books in discount.‎ ‎2、    It is safe to say that George Bernard Shaw(1856—1950),the Irish-born writer,is more famous for being George Bernard Shaw than he is for his writings today. Few of Shaw’s more than 60 plays,novels and essays are performed or read anymore. And yet Shaw genuinely helped make our modern world. Although you'd be lucky to get a chance to see one of his dramas today, in his time he turned the theater into a vehicle for the discussion of social issues, not only in Britain but on the stage of the world. In a way Shaw was someone who created the modern culture of Britain.‎ ‎    Where the theater had been dominated by entertainment,Shaw used it to teach people the importance of paying attention to the issues of their day. The plight(苦难) of the poor and the working class,the situation of women and the institutions of society,such as the education system一Shaw was among the most well-known figures making these topics central to public debate. His first play, Widoxvers' Houses (1892) 9 deals with the question of slum(贫民窟) housing. His Mrs Warren's Profession(1893) brought a controversial topic to the stage.‎ ‎    Shaw was an important mover and shaker in new political movements too. He was an early member of the Fabian Society, which argued for the socialist cause in the UK. Shaw was also the founder (in 1895) of one of the now most famous colleges in the world, the London School of Economics.‎ ‎    If few of his works have really stood the test of time, many of his quotations have become part of the furniture of the English language. “Youth is wasted on the young,” he wrote. He also knew how to sum up a political philosophy(哲学) in a few memorable words. For instance: “A government that robs Peter to pay Paul can always depend on the support of Paul.‎ ‎1.Shaw's influence on the modern world comes mainly from __________. A.the changes he brought to the British culture B.his philosophies on the role of government C.his awareness of social problems of his day D.the support for the London School of Economics 2.Widowers' Houses is a play that mainly focuses on ______. A.the failure of the UK education system B.the housing problems of poor people C.robbery incidents in slum areas D.socialist movements in the UK 3.By describing Shaw’s quotations as “part of the furniture of the English language”,the author means that Shaw’s words ________. A.have become the best part of English B.have greatly developed the English language C.have made the English language philosophical D.have become an inseparable part of the English language 4.Which of the following about George Bernard Shaw's works is TRUE? A.They should be adapted for modern readers. B.They are mostly about the lives of working class. C.They deal with important social issues of their day. D.Most of them are still performed on the stage of the world today.‎ ‎3、    What’s small, buzzes here and there and visits flowers? If you said bees or hummingbirds, you got it. You wouldn’t be the first if you mixed the two up. Now a group of researchers even say we should embrace our history of considering the two together in the same group. The way scientists study bees could help them study hummingbird behavior, too.‎ ‎    Scientists first compared the two back in the 1970s when studying how animals search for food. The idea is that animals use a kind of math to make choices in order to minimize the work it takes to earn maximum rewards. Researchers at the time focused on movement rules, like the order in which they visited flowers, and where flowers were located relative to others. It was “almost like an algorithm(算法)” for efficient searching, said David Pritchard, a biologist at the University of St.Andrews in Scotland. Hummingbirds and bees had similar solutions.‎ ‎    As the field of animal cognition(认知) appeared, hummingbird and bee research parted. Neuroscientists and behavioral ecologists developed ways to study bee behavior in naturalistic settings. Hummingbird researchers compared hummingbirds to other birds and borrowed methods from psychology to study their ability to learn in the lab. To be fair, hummingbirds and bees differ. For example, hummingbirds have more advanced eyes and brains than bees. Honeybees and bumblebees are social; hummingbirds typically aren’t.‎ ‎    But however they perceive(感知) or process information, they both experience similar information, Dr. Pritchard said. In day-to-day searching for food, for example, hummingbirds may rely on more of a bee’s-eye view than a bird’s-eye view. Like other birds, they rely on landmarks, distances and directions to make maps when travelling long distances, but they don’t use these cues to find flowers. Move a flower just an inch or so away from where a hummingbird thought it was and it will hover over the flower’s original location. Dr. Pritchard is investigating if, like bees, hummingbirds engage in view matching — hovering, scanning snapshots of a place to its memory and using those as references later.‎ ‎1.What is the center of research on hummingbirds and bees in the 1970s? A.Memory. B.Movement rules. C.Reward calculating. D.Information processing. 2.Which subject’s research methods were adopted to study the learning ability of ‎ Hummingbirds? A.Math. B.Biology. C.Ecology. D.Psychology. 3.How do researchers find out that hummingbirds are not like birds? A.By setting them free. B.By moving flowers. C.By matching view. D.By making maps. 4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A.Hummingbirds and B.eesB. Hummingbirds in the Lab C.New Trends in Studying Bees D.Thinking of Hummingbirds as Bees ‎4、    Studies show farmland in Africa is often lacking in important nutrients. But researchers say a combination of farming methods may help.‎ ‎    Researchers wonder how to increase production without necessarily clearing more land to grow additional crops. American researchers say that can happen with greater use of an agricultural system called perennation. It mixes food crops with trees and perennial plants —those that return year after year.‎ ‎    Soil scientist John Reganold says, "One of the major problems is that the soils are fairly poor in most of the regions. So how do you grow food on poor soils? There have to be food production systems that can build the soil and improve the field. ”‎ ‎    Mr. Reganold says poor soils may have resulted from years of weathering that washed away many nutrients. He says some farmers may have done more harm than good.‎ ‎    “They have been actually using farming practices where they’re not putting in organic matter. They're not putting in fertilizers. They can't afford those things. And it just runs the soil down. So they’re worsening the situation."‎ ‎    The scientist says the word perennation defines three systems that are already used in Africa. The oldest of the three is called evergreen agriculture. This is where farmers plant trees with their crops. Farmers in Africa have been doing this for sixty years, but it seems to be growing in popularity.‎ ‎    The method is gaining widespread use in countries such as Niger, Burkina Faso, Malawi and Zambia. The trees are planted among maize(玉米), millet or sorghum crops. They not only add nitrogen to the soil through their roots, but also through their leaves when they fall off and break down. At other times of the year, the trees can protect plants from strong sunlight.‎ ‎    John Reganold says he knows of one woman who has had great success with perennation.‎ ‎    “She’s a grandmother in her fifties. Her name is Rhoda Mang yana and she started using this system about twenty years ago. And her yields initially were about a ton of maize. Now with a good year she gets four tons per hectare,four times what she was getting."‎ ‎1.The purpose of the passage is to ________. A.tell people how to increase production B.introduce an agricultural system in Africa C.introduce the oldest farming method in Africa D.tell us how to prevent soils from being poor 2.What does the underlined word “weathering” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean? A.Being exposed to wind and rain. B.Growing different crops. C.Being polluted severely. D.Being ploughed improperly. 3.According to the passage, which of the following statements is WRONG? A.Perennation mixes food crops with trees and perennial plants. B.Poor soil is the main problem in increasing food production. C.Farmers may be more to blame for the present situation. D.American researchers first invented perennation. 4.Why does John Reganold mention Rhoda Mang'yana? A.To show the method is very popular in Africa. B.Because she is an expert at farming production. C.To prove the farming method is effective. D.Because she produced more grains than anyone else in the country.‎ ‎5、根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎    Parents usually teach their children how to cross the street safely, by looking both ways for cars.①__________The city of Honolulu, Hawaii wants everyone to learn that lesson.‎ ‎    ②__________Beginning on December 24, you will be fined from $ 15 to $ 99 if you step into a Honolulu street while looking at your phone. Honolulu is the first major U.S. city to ban what is called “distracted walking”. It recently passed a law in a seven to two vote. The law says, “No pedestrian shall cross a street or highway while viewing a mobile electronic device.”③__________‎ ‎    The law includes all electronic devices with screens: cellphone, tablets, gaming devices, digital cameras and laptop computers.④__________Pedestrians may use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.‎ ‎    Pedestrian deaths have been increasing as the use of cellphones rises. The Governors Highway Safety Association, or GHSA, says pedestrian deaths in the United States increased 25 percent in 2010 and 2015. That trend continued in 2016 with the number of pedestrian deaths rising to almost 6000, 11% higher than that in 2015.‎ ‎    ⑤__________The state of Washington was the first to outlaw distracted driving back in 2007. Now, 46 other states as well as D. C., Puerto Rico, Guam and the U. S. Virgin Islands, have laws against texting while driving.‎ ‎    If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid being fined in Honolulu by using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could just wait until you are again, safely, off the street.‎ A. However, the law does permit an exception.‎ B. Other U. S. cities may follow Honolulu.‎ C. But do they also teach them to put away their cellphones?‎ D. Texting while crossing the street will soon be banned in the city.‎ E. Do you like Honolulu’s new law that bans texting while walking?‎ F. In other words, do not look at a screen when you cross the street or you could be fined.‎ G. The law has lowered the number of people hit and killed by cars in the city.‎ ‎6、As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine(常规)basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this      1        at work in people of all        2     . For ‎ example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about     3        with their new toys. But their     4    soon wears off and by January those      5     toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of       6     stamp albums and unfinished models,each standing as a monument to someone’s       7        interest. When parents bring home a pet, their child    8     bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however, the    9     of caring for the animals is handed over to the parents. Adolescents enter high school with great    10       but are soon looking forward to     11     .The same is true of the young adults going to college. And then,how many    12     , who now complain (抱怨)about the long drives to work,      13    drove for hours at a time when they first    14          their driver’s licenses(执照)? Before people retire,they usually       15      to do a lot of      16      things, which they never had     17        to do while working. But    18        after retirement, the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they    19         . And,like the child in January,they go searching for new     20       ‎ ‎. 1.A.principle    B.habit    C.way    D.power 2.A.parties    B.races    C.countries    D.ages 3.A.working    B.living    C.playing    D.going 4.A.confidence    B.interest    C.anxiety    D.sorrow 5.A.same    B.extra    C.funny    D.expensive 6.A.well-organized    B.colorfully-printed    C.newly-collected    D.half-filled 7.A.broad    B.passing    C.different    D.main 8.A.silently    B.impatiently    C.gladly    D.worriedly 9.A.promise    B.burden    C.right    D.game 10.A.courage    B.calmness    C.confusion    D.excitement 11.A.graduation    B.independence    C.responsibility    D.success 12.A.children    B.students    C.adults    D.retirees 13.A.carefully    B.eagerly    C.nervously    D.bravely 14.A.required    B.obtained    C.noticed    D.discovered 15.A.need    B.learn    C.start    D.plan 16.A.great    B.strange    C.difficult    D.correct 17.A.time    B.money    C.skills    D.knowledge 18.A.only    B.well    C.even    D.soon 19.A.lost    B.chose    C.left    D.quit 20.A.pets    B.toys    C.friends    D.colleagues ‎ ‎7、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎    The lion is a special animal to Chinese people. A pair of stone lions, a male and a female, are ①__________( common) seen in front of the gates of traditional buildings.‎ ‎    The lion ②__________( regard) as the king in the animal world so it represents power. The stone lions are also used to indicate the ranks of ③__________(official).‎ ‎    It is interesting to note that China had no lions originally. The earliest stone lions were sculpted ④__________the beginning of the Eastern Han dynasty (25一220 AD) with ⑤__________introduction of Buddhism to ancient China. In the Buddhist faith, the lion, ⑥__________can protect the truth and keep off evils, is considered a holy animal of nobleness and dignity. In Chinese folk tales,the lion has become a symbol of ⑦__________(brave), power and good luck.‎ ‎    It was also popular ⑧__________( decorate) bridges with stone lions for the same reason. The ⑨__________(well) known of this is the Lugou Bridge (also called Marco Polo Bridge), ⑩__________(build) from 1189 to 1192. A famous proverb says, “The lions on the Lugou Bridge are countless."‎ ‎8、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意:‎ ‎1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ ‎    Challenges of life remind me of my days in senior high school which I joined in the military training. It was the first time I have lived far away from my home, so I found difficult to fit in.‎ ‎    And the trained officer was strict with me. I once think I could not stick to the end. And anyway,I succeeded. The trials made it much easy for me to adapt to life, and the difficulty I came across have now all become a precious memory in my life. In a short, I have learned to regard the challenges of life like a stepping stone to future success.‎ ‎9、假如下周将有一些来自友好学校的英国师生到你校进行一周的友好访问,请你代表全体师生用英语写一篇欢迎词,内容包括:‎ ‎1. 欢迎英国客人的到来;‎ ‎2. 介绍在你校期间活动安排(参观学校;共同进行环保项目研究;足球比赛;参观中国家庭、吃中国美食);‎ ‎3. 希望达到的目的:交流文化,相互学习。‎ 注意:‎ ‎1.词数100左右,开头结尾已给出,不计入总词数;‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯 Honorable British guests, dear teachers and fellow students,‎ ‎                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          ‎ Thanks for listening!‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 答案以及解析 ‎1答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.B; 2.D; 3.A 解析：1.理解具体信息。根据第三部分…Neil dcGrassc Tyson takes you on a spirited and intellectually interesting journey through the universe and all its history, from before the big bang to the most likely ways in which the entire universe might end.可知, Neil dcGrassc Tyson的讲座是关于太空知识的,应选B项。 2.理解具体信息。根据表格中的内容可知,每一个课程的DVD都是$9. 95,运费和手续费是$5,相加可知答案为D项。 3.理解主旨要义。根据表格中的内容可知,这些课程的DVD和CD都是出售的;根据课程的编号、 讲座的数目、讲座者及内容等可知,这四门课程都是大学的课程。因此,答案应为A项。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.A; 2.B; 3.D; 4.C 解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句In a way Shaw was someone who created the modern culture of Britain.可知,他对现代的影响主要源于他对英国现代文化的影响。 2.细节理解题。根据第二段第三句话His first play, Wildowers' Houses(1892), deals with the question of slum(贫民窟) housing.可知,这本书反映了穷人的住房问题。 3.推理判断题。根据第四段中的If few of his works have really stood the test of time, many of his quotations have become pari of the furniture of the English language. "Youth is wasted on the young.” he wrote.可知,如果说他的作品能真正经得住时间检验的不多,许多源自他的作品的话却成为了经典名言。A、B、C有失偏颇。 4.推理判断题。根据第二段第一句话可知,他的作品通常教育人们要关注所在年代的一些重大事件,也就是关注他那个年代的重要的社会问题。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.B; 2.D; 3.B; 4.D 解析：1.细节理解题。由文章第二段中Researchers at the time focused on movement rules, like the order in which they visited flowers, and where flowers were located relative to others.一句可知。 2.细节理解题。根据文章第三段中Hummingbird researchers compared hummingbirds to other birds and borrowed methods from psychology to study their ability to learn in the ‎ lab.一句可知。 3.细节加推理。根据文章最后一段所讲内容以及Like other birds, they rely on landmarks, distances and directions to make maps when travelling long distances, but they don’t use these cues to find flowers. Move a flower just an inch or so away from where a hummingbird thought it was and it will hover over the flower’s original location.两句可知答案。 4.确定标题(归纳主旨大意)由全文大意结合第一段中Now a group of researchers even say we should embrace our history of considering the two together in the same group. The way scientists study bees could help them study hummingbird behavior, too.两句话可确定最佳标题为D。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.B; 2.A; 3.D; 4.C 解析：1.写作意图题。由文章第一段及第二段第二句话可知,本文主要针对非洲土地营养成分不足、产量低这一问题,向我们介绍了一种新的农业系统。 2.词义猜测题。分析画线词所在句可知,多年的风雨侵蚀导致了土地中的营养大量流失。C项文中未提及,B、D两项不符合句意,可排除。 3.细节理解题。由文章第六段第一句以及最后一句可知,这种系统早已经在非洲使用,所以这种系统并不是美国研究人员最先发明的。 4.推理判断题。根椐文章最后两段可知,John Reganold提到Rhoda Mang’yana是为了证明这种种植方式是有效果的。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5答案及解析：‎ 答案：C; D; F; A; B 解析：‎ 语篇解读本文介绍了美国夏成夷的火奴鲁鲁针对行人过马路时看手机等电子设备的行为颁布了法律,并分析了原因,‎ ‎1. C过渡句。此空的前一句讲:父母经常教育他们的孩子怎么安全过马路,那就是注意两边的车。后一句讲:夏威夷的火奴鲁鲁想要每个人都学到这一课;此处的that lesson应为C中的put away their phones 与之匹配。‎ ‎2. D主旨句。根据本段信息you will be fined from $ 15 to $99 if you step into the streets of Honolulu while looking at your phone ‎ 可知,本段谈及过马路的时候看手机将被罚款3故D项Texting while crossing the streel will soon be banned in the city.(在这个城市,过马路时发短信很快就会被禁止)符合语境。‎ ‎3. F细节句。根据空前句的法律条款可知,这个城市禁止行人在过马路时看移动电子设备。F项中的信息do not look at a screen when you cross the street or you could be fined(当你过马路的时候不要盯着屏幕否则你可能会被罚款)是对这项法律条款的解读,与之匹配.‎ ‎4. A过渡句。根据下文内容可知,人们可以打电话给应急服务机构,或救援人员,此种情况应属例外,故A项(然而,法律确实允许一个例外)符合。‎ ‎5. B主旨句。下文列举美国其他州或地区的一系列相关行为,故总结为:其他的美国城市也可能仿效火奴鲁鲁. 故B项符合。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎6答案及解析：‎ 答案： 1.A; 2.D; 3.C; 4.B; 5.A; 6.D; 7.B; 8.C; 9.B; 10.D; 11.A; 12.C; 13.B; 14.B; 15.D; 16.A; 17.A; 18.D; 19.C; 20.B 解析： 1.根据开头第一句可知,人们按照常规习惯做事容易厌烦,这是一种普遍规律(principle)。 2.下文中涉及孩子、成人,甚至是退休后的人们的情况可知,这里指各个年龄段(ages)的人们。 3.由句中的their new toys可知,孩子们喜欢玩(playing)新的玩具。 4.结合上句中的“children are excited about.”可以推知,此处指他们的兴趣(interest)。 5.上文中说他们对那些新玩具的兴趣逐渐减少,由此可知,在地下室里看到的就是和上文中提到的是同样的(same)玩具。 6.孩子们的兴趣不断发生变化,所以仍会有没装满的(half-filled) 集邮册和没组装完的模型。 7.他们之所以不再集邮,也不再组装模型,是因为他们失去了兴趣,这里把这样的兴趣称为过去的(passing)兴趣。 8.此处描写孩子饲养宠物的心理变化过程,一开始他们当然是高兴地(gladly)。 9.根据句中however所表示的转折意义可以推知,孩子们把养宠物的担子(burden)交给了父母。 10.结合下文语境可知,孩子们刚刚进入中学时充满了兴奋之感 (excitement)。 11.过一段时间以后,他们对学校的生活开始变得厌倦,所以就期待着毕业(graduation)。 12.根据下文中的the driver’s ‎ licenses可以推知,此处作者谈到了成年人(adults)的情况。 13.当刚拿到驾驶证的时候,他们渴望(eagerly)开车,对开车有浓厚的兴趣。 14.该句中when引导的从句意思是:当他们刚获得(obtained)驾照的时候。 15.根据before people retire可知,此处谈到退休的人们的情况, 他们会计划(plan)做许多事情。 16.由于此时他们还有打算和渴望,所以他们通常想做自己认为有趣的(great)事情。 17.根据常识可知,在工作的时候没有时间(time)做诸如钓鱼、打高尔夫球这样的事情。 18.由句中but所表示的转折意义可以推知,不久(soon)这些事情也变得和工作一样令人感到厌倦了。 19.联系上文中的after retirement等信息可知,这里指他们离开 (left)工作的时候。 20.当对钓鱼这样的一些事情失去了兴趣,像孩子们一样,这些退休的老人就再去寻找新的玩具,这里把toys比喻成“新的感兴趣的事情”。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎7答案及解析：‎ 答案：commonly; is regarded; officials; at; the; which; bravery; to decorate; best; built 解析：1. commonly考查副词。句中修饰动词see用副词,指通常被看到,故填commonly.‎ ‎2. is regarded 考查时态语态句中主语The lion 和动词regard是被动关系,此处作谓语,和文中时态一致也用一般现在时,故填is regarded ‎3. officials考查名词。此处表示石头狮子被用来表明官员们的等级,of后用名词,表示泛指用复数形式,故填officials.‎ ‎4. at考查介词。表示“在……的开始”是at the beginning of,介词用at, 故填at.‎ ‎5. the考查冠词。此处特指佛教在中国古代的引进,表示特指,用定冠词the,故填the.‎ ‎6. which考查关系代词。句中包含定语从句,补充说明先行词the lion,是非限制性定语从句用which引导,故填which.‎ ‎7. bravery考查名词。用于of后,和后面的power and good luck并列,表示勇敢的象征,用名词。故填bravery.‎ ‎8. to decorate考查动词不定式。句中it是形式主语,此处是不定式做真正主语,故填to decorate.‎ ‎9. best考查最高级。此处指最有名的狮子是卢沟桥,由the限定,表示范围中最有名的,用最高级。故填best.‎ ‎10. built考查过去分词。句中Lugouqiao和动词build是被动关系,用过去分词作定语,故填built.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎8答案及解析：‎ 答案：    Challenges of life remind me of my days in senior high school  I joined in the military training. It was the first time I  lived far away from my home, so I found  difficult to fit in.‎ ‎    And the officer was strict with me. I once  I could not stick to the end.  anyway, I succeeded. The trials made it much for me to adapt to life, and the I came across have now all become a precious memory in my life. In a short, I have learned to regard the challenges of life a stepping stone to future success.‎ 解析：‎ ‎1. 定语从句修饰先行词my days,在定语从句I joined in the military training中作时间状语,用关系副词when,故把which改为when。‎ ‎2. 根据It was the first time用的是一般过去时态,故后面的从句要用过去完成时态,表示“这是我第一次离家”。故把have改为had。‎ ‎3. 不定式作宾语,用it作形式宾语。故在found后加it。‎ ‎4. 动名词作定语表示名词的用途。故把trained改为training。the training officer在此意为“教官”。‎ ‎5. once表示“曾经”,和一般过去时态连用,故把think改为thought。‎ ‎6. 句意:我以为我不能坚持到最后,但是,不管怎么说,我成功了。表示转折,故把And改为But。‎ ‎7. 本句表示“这样的训练让我更容易的适应生活”,所以应该用形容词easy的比较级easier。故把easy改为easier。‎ ‎8. difficulty在这里指各种困难的事情,为可数名词,后面谓语用的have become,所以用复数,故填difficulties。‎ ‎9. 固定搭配:in short总之,去掉a。‎ ‎10. 固定短语:regard something as把某物看做,故把like改为as。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎9答案及解析：‎ 答案：‎ Honorable British guests, dear teachers and fellow students,‎ Allow me, first of all, on behalf of all the teachers and students at our school, to extend a warm welcome to our honorable guests from our link school in Britain.‎ During your stay at our school, we will first show you around to give you a general idea of how our school works. Then, we will carry out our joint project on environmental protection together. We’ve also arranged a football match to promote our friendship. Last but not least, you will be taken to several Chinese host families, where you can try delicious traditional Chinese food.‎ We hope that these activities allow you to experience a different culture, and we also hope to learn about yours. We wish you a pleasant stay at our school!‎ Thanks for listening!‎ 解析：‎ ‎ ‎