专题02 代词-2017年高考英语备考学易黄金易错点

专题02 代词-2017年高考英语备考学易黄金易错点

‎1．(2016·新课标Ⅰ，68)On my recent visit，I held a lively threemonthold twin that had been rejected by ________(it)mother.‎ ‎2．(2016·四川，68)By that time，the panda no longer needed ________(it)mother for food.‎ 答案 its　解析 句意：到那时，这只熊猫不再需要从它的母亲那里获取食物。此处用形容词性物主代词its修饰mother。‎ ‎3．(2016·浙江，3)In many ways，the education system in the US is not very different from ________ in the UK.‎ 答案that　解析 句意：在很多方面，美国的教育体系和英国的教育体系很不一样。这里指代前面的名词education system，所以用that。‎ ‎4.(2015·浙江，12)How would you like if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?‎ 解析　句意：如果你正在看最喜爱的电视节目，这时有人进来没有征求你的意见就把电视关了，你会怎么想。固定表达how would you like it if...，在此结构中it代替后面if句的内容。‎ 答案　it ‎5.(2015·重庆，2)The meeting will be held in September, but knows the date for sure.‎ 解析　句意：会议将在九月召开，但是没人知道具体日期。句中的关键词为but，表转折，故nobody没有人，符合句意。ks5u 答案　nobody ‎6.(2015·陕西，13)To warm himself，the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the .‎ 解析　句意：为了让自己暖和起来，这个水手坐在火堆旁，光着脚，用一只脚搓另一只脚。表示两者中的一个，另一个，用one...the other...。【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ 答案　other ‎7.(2015·四川，10)Niki is always full of ideas，but is useful to my knowledge.‎ 解析　句意：Niki总是有很多想法，但是没有一个想法对我的知识有用。三者或三者否定以上用none，可指人也可指物。‎ 答案　none ‎8.(2015·天津， 2)The quality of education in this small school is better than in some larger schools.【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ 解析　句意：这所规模较小的学校的教育质量比一些规模较大的学校的教育质量好得多。表示比较时，指代前面的quality of education要用that，为了避免重复，可以代替前面提到的不可数名词。‎ 答案　that【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ ‎9.(2015·福建，21)The research group produced two reports based on the survey, but contained any useful suggestions.‎ 解析　句意：这个研究组发布了以调查为基础的两个报道，但是都没有有用的建议。考查代词。根据句意，两者都不用neither。‎ 答案　neither 易错起源1、物主代词和反身代词的用法 ‎ 例1． Tom felt that he knew everybody’s business than they knew it _ _.‎ A. themselves B. oneself ‎ C. itself D. himself Is’s nice if a ‎【错误解答】D ‎【正确解答】 A ‎【锦囊妙计，战胜自我】‎ ‎1.英汉差异。英语中必须有形容词性物主代词，而汉语中往往省略不翻译。例如: ‎ Jack took off his coat and went go bed (his 不能省略) ‎ ‎ 2.“of+名词性物主代词”用作定语。例如: ‎ Some friends of mine will attend my birthday party.‎ That　car　of hers is a1ways breaing down. ‎ ‎3.“形容词性物主代词+own+名词”表示强调，在own前还可加very表示进一步的强调。 例如: ‎ It’s nice if a man can have his own car.‎ I want to have my very own car.‎ ‎4.“a(an，Some，any) +名词+ of one’s own”表示“某人自己的……”的意思。名词前可以用this,that,these,four,those,several,another,no,whieh等修饰，但不能用定冠词the。例如:‎ ‎5.反身代词的习惯用语。‎ by oneslf =alone 独自地，亲自 to oneself 暗自 for oneself 为自己 in oneself 本质上 of onesflf 自动地，自发地 be oneself 玩得愉快 dress oneslf in 穿着……‎ help oneslf to 随便吃……，自行取用 come to oneself 苏醒 make oneself at home 不要客气 devote omeself to 专心于；献身于……‎ find omeself in/at发觉自己来到……‎ teach oneself 自学 dress oneself 自己穿 lose oneself 迷路 excuse oneself 自我辩解【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ 易错起源2、不定代词的用法 ‎ 例2．—One week’s time has been wastea.‎ ‎ —I can’t believe we did all that work for __ .‎ A. something B. nothing ‎ C. everything D. anything ‎【错误解答】A或D ‎【错解分析】前者说:一周的时间已被浪费掉了。后者说:我无法相信我们所做的一切毫无结果／什么都没换来。句中的for有“替挟、兑挟”之意。一周内干了许多工作，却劳而无功，所以才白白浪费了一周时间，没有换来任何成果。ks5u ‎【正确解答】 B ‎【名师点睛】‎ 易混不定代词的用法区别:‎ ‎ 1.some和any 二者都可用作名词(作主语或宾语)，也可用作形容词(作定语)来修饰可数名词或不可数名词。‎ ‎(1)some一般用于肯定句中。当some用于单数可数名词前时，表示”某一(个)”，与数字连用则表示“大概，大约”的意思，用于疑问句时，表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答，或表示请求，建议。例如:‎ I’ve read the story in some book. (某一本)‎ Some girl. is waiting for you at the school gate.(某个)‎ The country has exported some two million bikes this year. ( 大约 )‎ May I have some water? (表示请求)【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ ‎ Would you like some apples? (邀请)‎ ‎ (2)any多用于疑问句，否定句和条件句中。在肯定句中，any表示“任何的”，修饰单数可数名词。也可用作状语，表示程度。例如:‎ ‎ both两者都，all三者或三者以上，全体；在句中可作主语、宾语、定语和同位语。‎ ‎ (1)all除了指人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数；还可指物，表示“所有，一切”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数，也可用来修饰不可数名词。例如:‎ All but one are present.(作主语，指人，谓语动词用复数)‎ All is over with him.(作主语，指物，谓语动词用单数)‎ I have forgotten all about it(作宾语)‎ All hope has gone.(修饰不可数名词)‎ They all agree to stay here.(作同位语)‎ ‎3.much和many 两个词都有“许多”的意思，much表示或修饰不可数名词，many表示或修饰可数名词。在口语中，much或many多用于疑问句或否定句，在肯定句中常用a lot of，lots Of，plenty of，a large quantity of，quantities of代替。much还可以用a great deal of代替，many可以用a(1arge)number of代替。‎ ‎(1)much可用作副词，作状语，表程度。be not much意为“不怎么样”，much还可与too连用，构成“too much+不可数名词”短语，意为“太多的……”或“much too+形容词或副词”短语，意为“太……“非常”，是副词词组，修饰形、副词，但不修饰动词。例如:‎ The city is much larger than that one.‎ I’ve visited the country and it is not much.‎ There is too much noise in the classroom I’m much too busy to see visitors.‎ ‎ (2)many a + 可数名词单数，表示“许多”。在名词前如果有冠词或指示代词等词时，要用many of或much of结构，例如:‎ ‎ Many a student has gone to the cinema.‎ Many of the/my books are English.‎ ‎(1)each强调个体，在句子中充当定语，主语，宾语和同位语，指两者或两者以上的人或事物中的每一个。例如:‎ ‎ Each room can seat at least fifty people.‎ ‎ Each of the students will get a new book.‎ ‎ Each student will get a new book The students each will get a new book.‎ There are trees and flowers on each side of the street. ( 街道只有两边，不能用every)‎ ‎(2)every强调整体，在句中只能作定语，指三者或三者以上的人或事物中的每一个。还可以表示“每隔……”构成“every+数词+复数名词”，“every + few + 复数名词”，“every + other + 单数名词”，“every +序数词 + 单数名词”，例如:‎ Every one has strong and weak points.‎ Every student has told a story.‎ every three weeks 每隔三个星期，每隔两个星期 every other week = every second week 每隔一星期 every few weeks(不能说evesry a few weeks)每隔几个星期 ‎6.either 和neither either指“两个人或物中的任何一个”，表示肯定意义，neither指“两个人或物一个也不”，表示否定意义。这两个词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。‎ ‎①either可放在否定句的句尾，表示”也”。例如:‎ I don’t know either.我也不知道。‎ ‎②either可用作连词，“或者，要么”的意思，一般与。or连用，构成“either... or”短语，意为“不是……就是……”，“或者……或者……”。当这一短语连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词在人称和数上要同最近的主语保持一致，如: ‎ Either he or I am to blame.【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ Is either he or you going to the cinema?‎ Are either you or he going to the cinema?【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ ‎③either修饰名词时，前面不用物主代词，指示代词或定冠词，可以说:“either pen”，但不能说“the either pen或either my pen”‎ ‎④either用作代词时，可以单独使用，也可和of连用，of后接复数名词，名词前要用一个物主代词，指示代词或定冠词，如:‎ He doesn’t like either of the two places.‎ ‎⑤当either of作主语时，动词一般用单数形式，但在否定句和疑问句中，动词也常用复数，特别在口语中，如:‎ ‎7.no和 none Either of them is good enough. I don’t think either of them are at home.‎ ‎(1)no表示“不”“无”只能作定语，修饰不可数名词或可数名词单复数，相当于not any或not a。例如:There is no water in the bottle.‎ ‎(2)none表示“没有人，任何人也不”用作名词，相当于no one或not any，常同of连用，构成“Noneof...”结构，none作可数名词用时，指三者或三者以上，作主语时谓语动词用单数或复数均可，none作不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数，none在句中作主语或宾语，不作定语，不与名词连用，例如:‎ None of books are (is) interesting.‎ 注意:【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ ‎①none but+复数名词作主语时，谓语动词要用复数，例如:‎ None but wolves walk like that.除非狼才会那么走。‎ ‎②none和noone的区别:‎ none回答以howmany／much引导的特殊疑问句或“any of + 限定词 + 名词”或表一定范围的一般疑问句，no one回答以who引导的特殊疑问句及含有anybody或无限定范围的一般问句，简言之， none表示数量，no one表示没有人，例如:‎ ‎ — How many students are there in the classroom now?【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ ‎—None.‎ ‎—How any of you ever been to the Great Wall?‎ ‎—None.‎ ‎—Who can answer the question?‎ ‎—No one.‎ ‎8.other,another, others,any other,the other的用法。 ‎ ‎ (1)other表示泛指，意为“另外的，其他的”。常与复数名词或不可数名词连用。如果其前有 the，this，some，any，each，every，no以及形容词性物主代词时，其后就可接单数名词。例如:‎ I have no other place to go.‎ ‎(2)another常用于指三者或三者以上中的“另外一个”，泛指单数。可以单独使用，也可以接名词。如果其后接复数名词，则表示“又，再，还”。例如:‎ This cap is too small for me. Show me another (one).‎ We need another three assistants in our company.‎ ‎(3)others是other的复数形式，表示泛指，意为“别的人或物”，但不指全部。特指时在其前加定冠词；前面可加任何限定词以及数量词。例如:【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ He has more concern for others than for himself.‎ ‎(4)any other表示一个之外的其他任何一个，百不是两个之中的另一个。例如: ‎ China is larger than any other country in Asia.‎ ‎(5)the other，表示两者中的另外一个。可以单独使用，以可接单数名词。例如:‎ No agreement was reached in the discussion as neither side would give away to the other.‎ 易错起源3、代词出at、it、one的用法 ‎ 例3． Cars do cause as some health problems __ in fact for more serious than mobile phones do.‎ ‎ A. one B. ones C. it D. those ‎【错误解答】D ‎【正确解答】B ‎【名师点睛】‎ 代词it的主要用法 ‎ 用作人称代词，指代前文提到过的事物。例如:‎ ‎ This is not my book. It is Mary’s.‎ 用来代替指示代词出，this或that。例如:‎ ‎ — What’s this? —It’s a dictionary.‎ ‎—Whose jacket is that? —It is hers.‎ 在性别不清楚时用来指人。例如:【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ ‎ —Who’s knocking at the door?‎ ‎ —It’s me.‎ ‎(4):指时间；距离、天气、环境等。例如:‎ ‎—What’s the time now?【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ ‎ —It’s ten past twenty.‎ ‎ It’s getting warmer and wanner.‎ ‎ It’s about ten miles’ ride from my home to the town.‎ ‎(5)指代整个句子的内容；例如:‎ Our team won the football match .Have you heard about it?‎ ‎(6)用于某些习惯用语中作宾语，对这些习惯用语只能从整体上来理解；例如:‎ ‎ I hate it when people speak with their mouths full.‎ ‎ We’ll foot it.‎ ‎ As it is, we can hardly get to the station by 7o’clock.‎ ‎【锦囊妙计，战胜自我】‎ 代词it,they与替代词one,ones,the one,the ones,that,those 的用法区别:‎ ‎(1)it指代前面提到过的事物，they是它的复数形式。‎ ‎(2)one替代单数名词，表示不特定的名词，也就是指泛指，ones是它的复数形式。‎ ‎(3)the one替代前面的单数名词，表示特指，往往其后带动定语，the ones是它的复数形式。‎ ‎(4)that既可替代单数可数名词,也可以替代不可数名词,若替代单数名词时,相当于the one.‎ ‎(5)those 替代复数名词,相当于the ones.例如 :【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ Your story is interesting, but I don’t I ike it. (句 1)‎ This story is an interesting one. ( 句 2 )‎ I haven’t a computer. I want to buy one next year. (句 2)‎ The dictionary on the desk is much better than that (the one) on the shelf. (句 3)‎ The population in China is much larger than that in America. (句 4)‎ The conditions are like those in the real spaceship. (句 5)‎ The weather in Beijing is much colder than that in Huanggang in winter. (句 4)【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ Students in our class are more hard – working than those in Mr. smith’s class. (句 5)【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ There is only one computer of the type in the shop, so I want to buy it for my daughter. (句 1)‎ ‎1.One day，he came up with an idea he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches.‎ 解析　考查同位语从句的引导词。因后面是一个完整的句子，且该句是说明空格前面an idea的具体内容，所以是同位语从句。从句结构完整，故要用that引导。‎ 答案　that ‎2. is important is that we let others know we care about them.‎ 解析　考查主语从句的引导词。根据句子结构可知，系动词is前的句子缺少主语，表示“重要的事情”要用what。‎ 答案　What ‎3.Over the next several months，my professor taught me ‎ ‎ one story was so much better than the other.【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ 答案　why【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ ‎4. A study found girls who ate five or more family meals a week had a much healthier relationship with food in later life.‎ 解析　考查宾语从句的引导词。谓语动词found后为宾语从句，宾语从句中不缺少成分，故要用that引导。‎ 答案　that ‎5.Perhaps my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind.‎ 解析　考查主语从句的引导词。妈妈说的话深深地扎根于我的思想中。系动词was前为主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，故要用what引导。‎ 答案　what ‎6.Even more upsetting was the fact the driver didn't stop afterward.‎ 解析　考查同位语从句。the fact后面是同位语从句，要用that来引导。‎ 答案　that ‎7. But，from I've heard，perhaps he worked too hard.‎ 解析　考查宾语从句。从我听说的来看，也许他更努力些。介词from后是what引导的宾语从句，what作动词hear的宾语。ks5u 答案　what ‎8. Well，there is a rumor going around the head of the Department is leaving.‎ 解析　考查同位语从句。有一个谣言说，部门的领导马上就要走了。that引导的是名词rumor的同位语从句。‎ 答案　that ‎9. The easiest way to do this is to make a simple list of it means to be respectful at school.‎ 答案　what ‎10. There is a new market near my house.My mother often goes there and buys we need for our meals.‎ 解析　考查宾语从句。我的妈妈经常去那买我们吃饭所需要的东西。what引导宾语从句作动词buy的宾语。‎ 答案　what ‎11.The pandas are very dear to human beings.So people have been doing they take to save them.‎ 解析　考查宾语从句。熊猫对人类来说很宝贵，因此人们一直在做任何需要做的事情来保护它们。whatever引导宾语从句，表示“无论什么”，相当于anything that。【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ 答案　whatever ‎12. To tell the truth， you do rather than what you say matters.‎ 解析　考查主语从句。说实话，是你所做的而不是你所说的真正起作用。rather than连接的并列主语从句，主语从句均缺宾语，所以用what。‎ 答案　what【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ ‎13. What the government cares about most is action they are going to take.‎ 解析　考查表语从句。政府最关心的是他们将采取何种行动。what action什么行动。‎ 答案　what ‎14.I need to put a cross on the map to show that famous hotel is.‎ 答案　where ‎15. We've got to remember this group wants to look at how the Internet is being used in the classroom.That's they are coming for.‎ 解析　考查表语从句的引导词。这就是他们为什么而来。what在表语从句中作介词for的宾语，for what相当于why。【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ 答案　what ‎【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎