江苏省徐州市2019届高三考前模拟检测英语试卷

江苏省徐州市2019届高三考前模拟检测英语试卷

徐州市2018～2019学年度高三年级考前模拟检测 英语试题 说明:1.本试卷共12页，满分120分，考试时间120分钟。‎ ‎2.在答题纸的密封线内填写学校、班级、姓名、考号等，密封线内不要答题。‎ ‎3.请将所有答案均按照题号填涂或填写在答题卡/纸相应的答题处，否则不得分。‎ 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分20分)‎ 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。‎ 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1.‎ What does the woman want to know?‎ A. The weather. B. An accident. C. Train time.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: Excuse me, I’m waiting for the ten o’clock train. Is it leaving on time? M: It is running thirty minutes late due to strong winds which blew a tree onto the line at three o’clock this morning.‎ ‎2.‎ Why is the man worried?‎ A. He may be turned down.‎ B. He was required to apply to Cambridge C. He failed to be among the top five.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: Bob, you decided to apply for a graduate degree in Cambridge, didn’t you? M: I want to, but I’m worried that I’ll not be admitted to that school. You know,‎ ‎ the school is among the top five.‎ ‎3.‎ What’s the relationship between the two speakers?‎ A. Relatives. B. Friends. C. Classmates.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: Is your conference in Prague? Could I ask you a favor? W: Sure, as long as it isn’t about picking out dolls for all your relatives. M: No, I broke a drinking glass I bought there, so could you get me one? W: OK.‎ ‎4.‎ Where is the Blue Ocean Restaurant?‎ A. Beside the Blue Sky Restaurant.‎ B. Opposite the Blue Sky Restaurant.‎ C. Opposite the Blue Bay Restaurant.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: Where are you going for your birthday tomorrow? M: I have booked a room in the Blue Bay Restaurant. W: You mean the Blue Sky Restaurant? M: No, that’s the Blue Bay. Just across from the Blue Ocean Restaurant.‎ ‎5.‎ What does the man dislike?‎ A. Old bookcases. B. Newly painted wall. C. Old paintings.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: I think I preferred things as they were. Where are those old bookcases? W: They were moved out. Don’t you like the newly painted wall? M: No I thought the old paintings on the wall were good.‎ 第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎6. When will the plane land?‎ A. At 3:00. B. At 4:00. C. At 12:00.‎ ‎7. What will the man do?‎ A. Get some sleep. B. Write a report. C. Stay awake.‎ ‎【答案】6. B 7. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: How long before we land? Do you know? W: It’s three o’clock now, so there is still an hour left. Why don’t you get some sleep in the meantime? I’ll wake you up when we reach Kennedy Airport. M: OK. I stayed up past midnight writing the report. I am a bit worn out. W: Why don’t you put the seat back? You will feel more relaxed.‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎8. What does the man think of the woman?‎ A. She is always late for work.‎ B. She likes daydreaming very much.‎ C. She is passive about her work.‎ ‎9. What is the woman?‎ A. A waitress. B. A salesgirl. C. A cashier.‎ ‎【答案】8. C 9. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: Katie, have you looked at your evaluation yet? W: Yes, I have. M: Let’s go over some of these areas. You are always available to work, but you’ve arrived ‎ late several times. Since I’ve spoken to you about this, you have improved. W: I’ve been trying. I was only late once last month. M: That’s good. One more thing, Katie, when you don’t have a customer, you’re always standing there daydreaming. If I ask you to do something, you’re always willing. But when you don’t have customers, I expect you to polish the jewelry and the mirrors, put new paper in the cash register, restock the boxes, and do other things without being asked. W: OK.‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎10. Why does the man like the quiz show?‎ A. The presenter is funny.‎ B. The questions are easy.‎ C. His friends all like it.‎ ‎11. What do we know about the woman?‎ A. She doesn’t think Frank Jones is funny.‎ B. She thinks the questions are really easy.‎ C. She is bad at general knowledge questions.‎ ‎12. What kind of questions is the man good at?‎ A. Pop music and movie stars.‎ B. History and literature.‎ C. Math and science.‎ ‎【答案】10. A 11. A 12. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: Sophie! Did you see that quiz show last night? The one presented by Frank Jones? W: No. Was it any good? M: It was great. Frank Jones always makes me laugh. I’ve been watching it for the past couple of weeks. W: Do you think so? I don’t understand why so many people think he’s funny. M: Well, you’re the fifth or sixth person I’ve told to see it. Some of my friends thought it was going to be too serious so they didn’t bother watching. W: So are all the questions really easy and just about pop music or movie stars? I’m not interested in watching it if all the questions ‎ are like that. M: Actually they start off a bit easy but they get harder and harder as the show goes on. W: Usually I’m not bad at general knowledge questions – especially ones about history or literature. M: Yeah, but I’m better at math and science.‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎13. Who is the man?‎ A. An interviewer. B. An agent. C. An actor.‎ ‎14. In which show did the girl play the leading role?‎ A. Olivia. B. The Sound of Music. C. Annie.‎ ‎15. How did the girl prepare for her performance?‎ A. Her mother helped her with the lines.‎ B. She memorized nine lines a night.‎ C. The management team encouraged her.‎ ‎16. What happened to the girl after her performance?‎ A. She went to live in London. B. She became less shy. C. She took over an agency.‎ ‎【答案】13. A 14. C 15. A 16. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: I’m talking to Jackie Gould, who’s a very proud mother. Her daughter Olivia appeared on the stage of London Palladium Theater, in the musical The Sound of Music last month. So how did it all come about? W: Well, until last year, the idea of her appearing at the London Palladium would have been unthinkable for our family. Things started to happen when Olivia got the leading role for the show Annie at the local theater. For Annie, Olivia had to learn more than 200 lines. She was on stage for most of the two-hour show. I decided that we’d do ten pages a night. After memorizing it, I gave her a line, and she would have to tell me what the next line was. She picked it all up even better than her homework. M: And she did well in the part? W: She was great in the part. She had always been shy, and she suddenly became ‎ less shy and more confident. A member of the stage management team for the show was taking over a local agency and asked her to sign up. So then she had an agent to represent her and try to get roles for her.‎ 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。‎ ‎17. Why was the butcher impressed by the dog?‎ A. He has a five-dollar bill. B. He was able to buy meat. C. He barked at the butcher.‎ ‎18. What did the dog do after entering an apartment house?‎ A. Scratched at the door. B. Barked at the door. C. Opened the door.‎ ‎19. Who was the woman?‎ A. The butcher’s wife. B. The butcher’s neighbor. C. The dog’s owner.‎ ‎20. Why did the woman yell at the dog?‎ A. The dog led the butcher to her house.‎ B. The butcher asked her to stop.‎ C. The dog forgot his key again.‎ ‎【答案】17. B 18. A 19. C 20. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: A black dog walked into a butcher’s shop with a five-dollar bill in his mouth. He spent several minutes looking at the meat on display. He finally fixed his eyes on the lamb and barked, showing that he wanted to buy some of them. The butcher was deeply impressed and decided that he would like to own a clever dog like that. He followed the dog to see where he went. The dog entered an apartment house, and began to scratch on the door. With that, the door opened and an angry woman started yelling at the dog. As she did so, the butcher stepped forward to ask the woman to stop. ‘That’s the smartest animal I’ve ever seen! Surely it doesn’t deserve this kind of treatment." The woman said, "I don’t think he’s so intelligent. You see, this is the third time this week he’s forgotten his key."‎ 第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节:单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)‎ 请认真阅读下面各题，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎21.Yesterday is history, tomorrow is a mystery, only today is a gift, and that is ______ we call it present.‎ A. how B. when C. why D. where ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查表语从句。句意：昨天是历史，明天是未知，只有今天是一份礼物，这就是为什么我们称“今天”是“礼物”。______ we call it present.是一个表语从句，引导词在从句中作原因状语，用why引导，故选C。‎ ‎22.The whole nation is struggling to work out an inexpensive ______ effective solution to smog.‎ A. yet B. still C. or D. though ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：全国上下都在努力寻找一种便宜，然而却有效的雾霾解决方案。A. yet然而；B. still仍然；C. or或者；D. though尽管，根据题意，故选A。‎ ‎23.She runs on average about 15 miles a day every day, ______ the circumstances.‎ A. whatever B. wherever C. whichever D. however ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：不管环境如何，她每天平均跑15英里。引导让步状语从句，其意相当于no matter what，这里省略了状语从句中的动词be，故选A。‎ ‎24.When we have a chance to travel, we tend to ______ as many sights into the trip as we can--- seven countries in ten days, for example.‎ A. squeeze B. sneeze C. subscribe D. substitute ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：当我们有机会旅行时，我们倾向于旅途中尽可能多地挤进景点——例如，在十天内游览七个国家。A. squeeze挤；B. sneeze打喷嚏；C. subscribe捐款；D. substitute代替，根据题意，故选A。‎ ‎25.Lack of sleep _______ lead to weakened immunity and memory, and also slow physical growth.‎ A. shall B. must C. should D. can ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：睡眠不足会导致免疫力和记忆力下降，还会减缓身体发育。A. shall将；B. must必须；C. should应该；D. can会，表示理论上或是逻辑判断上，用can，故选D。‎ ‎26.Abraham set himself up in front of his daughter, hands ________ her hair, and was close to tears, reluctant to tear himself from her.‎ A. to toy with B. toyed with C. toying with D. being toyed with ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：亚伯拉罕站在他女儿面前，双手拨弄着她的头发，几乎要哭了，他不愿意离开她。hands ________ her hair是独立主格结构，“手”和“拨弄”之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词，故选C。‎ ‎27.Recently, a programmer criticized the “996” work schedule ______ employees work from 9 am to 9 pm, 6 days a week, with the prospect of ending up in an intensive care unit.‎ A. where B. when C. which D. whose ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查定语从句。句意：最近，一名程序员批评了“996”工作计划，即员工每周工作6天，从早上9点工作到晚上9点，最后可能被送进重症监护室。______ employees work from 9 am to 9 pm, 6 days a week是一个定语从句，先行词是the “996” work schedule在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。故选项A。‎ ‎28.While his approach was a complete ________ from established practices, the result was satisfactory.‎ A. separation B. prohibition C. departure D. judgment ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：虽然他的做法完全背离了既定的做法，但结果令人满意。A. separation分开；B. prohibition禁止；C. departure违背；D. judgment判断，根据题意，故选C。‎ ‎29.Most spending that results in debt is like a drug: a quick hit of pleasure that ______, only to drag you down for years to come.‎ A. takes off B. wears off C. sets off D. shows off ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：大多数导致债务的消费就像毒品一样:很快的快感就会消退，只会让你在接下来的几年里萎靡不振。A. takes off起飞；B. wears off逐渐消逝； C. sets off出发；D. shows off炫耀，故选B。‎ ‎30.US slang is hugely ______ thanks to the many different ethnic groups that have settled in the country.‎ A. delicate B. dynamic C. diverse D. desperate ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：由于在美国定居了许多不同民族，美国俚语非常多样化。A. delicate微妙的；B. dynamic有活力的；C. diverse不同的；D. desperate不顾一切的，根据题意，故选C。‎ ‎31.—I’m burnt out as I’ve been working on my essay all the time.‎ ‎— ____________. You’ll surely make it.‎ A. Don’t put on airs B. Give me a break C. Don’t get on my nerve D. Hang in there ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情景对话。句意：——我一直在写论文，累坏了。——坚持下去。你一定会成功的。A. Don’t put on airs不要摆架子；B. Give me a break让我休息一下；C. Don’t get on my nerve别惹我生气；D. Hang in there坚持下去。根据You’ll surely make it.可知这里意思是坚持下去，故选D。‎ ‎32.Decades ago, scientists believed that how the brain develops when you are a kid ______ determines your brain structure for the rest of your life.‎ A. sooner or later B. more or less C. to and from D. up and down ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情景交际及习惯表达。句意：几十年前，科学家们认为，当你还是个孩子的时候，大脑的发育或多或少决定了你今后生活中大脑的结构。A. sooner or later迟早；B. more or less或多或少；C. to and from来来回回；D. up and down上上下下，根据题意，故选B。‎ ‎33.After she became ill, I felt ______ with her—she was cheery while I felt gloomy.‎ A. out of tune B. out of breath C. out of curiosity D. out of ‎ mind ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：她病后，我觉得与她格格不入——她高兴而我沮丧。A. out of tune格格不入；B. out of breath上气不接下气；C. out of curiosity出于好奇心； D. out of mind心不在焉。根据“he was cheery while I felt gloomy.”可知，这里意思是我觉得与她格格不入，故选A项。‎ ‎34.When you are absorbed in a book or simply trying to rest, it seems that the phone ______ continuously, destroying your momentary peace.‎ A. rings B. has been ringing C. rang D. is ringing ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查现在进行时。句意：当你专心读书或只想休息时，电话似乎一直在响，破坏了你短暂的平静。表示现在正在进行的动作，用现在进行时。故选D项。‎ ‎35.I'd advise anyone to put aside a proportion of their earnings — ____________.‎ A. nothing great is easy B. nothing comes from nothing C. a bad penny always turns up D. a penny saved is a penny earned ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情景交际及习惯表达。句意：我建议每个人都把收入的一部分存起来——省一分钱就是赚一分钱。A. nothing great is easy天下无难事；B. nothing comes from nothing无中生有；‎ C. a bad penny always turns up总会有不如意的时候；D. a penny saved is a penny earned省一分钱就是赚一分钱。根据I'd advise anyone to put aside a proportion of their earnings可知这里意思是省一分钱就是赚一分钱，故选D。‎ 第二节: 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ I spent my childhood collecting and pressing four-leaf clovers(三叶草) into books at my mother’s house. I ___36___ books like the complete works of Shakespeare. In the end, I slipped my ___37___ into anything I could find, even cookbooks.‎ A few years ago, in Nova Scotia, my husband and I pulled off the road for a ___38___. The ground was thick with clover. Some had four, five, even six ___39___. I lined them up on the picnic table to ___40___ as my husband, never yet having found one four-leaf clover, ___41___ with awe.‎ Two summers back, in the Munich airport, I picked a tiny four-leaf clover. On the way home, my husband and I were ___42___ to first-class seats. Friends thought we owed our good luck to the clover. I think it’s more ___43___ that we were transferred because a flight cancellation left us ___44___ between two cities and a(n) ___45___ customer service representative took pity on us.‎ Some people believe the luck is lost ___46___ the four-leaf clover is shown to somebody else, while others think the luck ___47___ if it is given away. I feel lucky to find the clovers so often, but I don’t think they influence my life any more than it does to ___48___ anything a little special. Think about that momentary ___49___ between you and a friend or a stranger, as you all bend forward to ___50___ at a rare find.‎ People often ask how I do it. Well, I love clover. I have a habit of ___51___ my fingers across a patch(小块土地), momentarily ___52___ the individuals, which brings the ___53___ ones into focus. That’s the ___54___: simply move your hand across a thick patch, letting the clovers reveal themselves. Appreciate the ones that have only three leaves. ___55___ things are beautiful too. And a four-leaf clover may show itself to you.‎ ‎36. A. referred to B. started with C. caught up on D. got lost in ‎37. A. bookmarks B. memories C. notes D. treasures ‎38. A. picnic B. rest C. photo D. check ‎39. A. flowers B. colours C. leaves D. shoots ‎40. A. admire B. count C. match D. present ‎41. A. broke down B. looked on C. came in D. got away ‎42. A. chased B. upgraded C. induced D. hooked ‎43. A. comfortable B. disturbing C. explicit D. likely ‎44. A. puzzled B. annoyed C. caught D. fixed ‎45. A. kind B. arbitrary C. reliable D. impatient ‎46. A. since B. unless C. once D. though ‎47. A. arrives B. doubles C. departs D. shrinks ‎48. A. appreciate B. exchange C. recommend D. share ‎49. A. hopefulness B. awkwardness C. closeness D. loneliness ‎50. A. wonder B. laugh C. point D. glare ‎51. A. spreading B. keeping C. putting D. dragging ‎52. A. sparing B. separating C. scratching D. searching ‎53. A. same B. slim C. irregular D. informal ‎54. A. trick B. distinction C. insight D. problem ‎55. A. Broken B. Authentic C. Delicate D. Common ‎【答案】36. B 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. A 41. B 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. C 47. B 48. D 49. C 50. A 51. D 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了自己从小的一个爱好——收集三叶草。作者对于如何寻找代表幸运的四叶草，给出了一些窍门。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我从莎士比亚全集这样的书开始。A. referred to被提及 B. ‎ started with开始； C. caught up on赶上；D. got lost in沉迷于……，故选B。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。作者把这些标本当作了珍宝，所以这里意思是最后，我把我的珍宝塞进了我能找到的任何东西里，甚至是烹饪书。A. bookmarks书签； B. memories记忆；C. notes笔记；D. treasures珍宝，故选D。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。根据I lined them up on the picnic table to ___5___ as my husband 可知这里意思是几年前，在新斯科舍省，我和丈夫停车野餐。A. picnic野餐；B. rest休息；C. photo照片；D. check支票，故选A。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。根据The ground was thick with clover.可知这里意思是有的有四片、五片甚至六片叶子。A. flowers花；B. colours颜色；C. leaves叶子；D. shoots嫩枝，故选C。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：我把它们排在野餐桌上欣赏，因为我的丈夫从来没有发现过一片四叶草，他敬畏地看着。A. admire欣赏；B. count计数；C. match相配；D. present呈现，故选A。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我把它们排在野餐桌上欣赏，因为我丈夫从来没有发现过一片四叶草，他敬畏地观看。A. broke down打破；B. looked on观看；C. came in进来；D. got away逃离，故选B。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。根据we were transferred可知这里意思是在回家的路上，我和丈夫被升到了头等舱。 A. chased追捕；B. upgraded提升；C. induced引诱；D. hooked用钩固定，故选B。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：我认为更有可能的原因是航班取消，我们被困在两个城市之间，一位好心的客户服务代表对我们表示同情。A. comfortable舒适的；B. disturbing令人不安的；C. explicit明确的；D. likely很可能的，故选D。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。根据because a flight cancellation 可知我们被困在两个城市之间。A. puzzled困惑；B. annoyed使烦恼；C. caught捕捉；D. fixed修理，故选C。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。根据took pity on us 可知这位客户服务代表非常好心。A. kind好心的；B. arbitrary武断的；C. reliable可靠的；D. impatient不耐心的，故选A。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查连词辨析。句意：有些人认为四叶草一旦给别人看就会失去运气，而另一些人则认为如果把四叶草送给别人，运气会加倍。A. since由于；B. unless除非；C. once一旦；D. though尽管，故选C。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：有些人认为四叶草一旦给别人看就会失去运气，而另一些人则认为如果把四叶草送给别人，运气会加倍。A. arrives到达；B. doubles使加倍；C. departs离开；D. shrinks收缩，故选B。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：能经常找到三叶草，我感到很幸运，但我认为它们对我生活的影响并不比分享任何特别的东西更大。A. appreciate欣赏；B. exchange交换；C. recommend推荐；D. share分享，故选D。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：想想你和朋友或陌生人之间短暂的亲密，当你们都弯下腰去惊叹这一罕见的发现时。A. hopefulness抱有希望；B. awkwardness尴尬； C. closeness亲密；‎ D. loneliness孤独，故选C。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：想想你和朋友或陌生人之间短暂的亲密，当你们都弯下腰去惊叹这一罕见的发现时。A. wonder at对…感到吃惊；B. laugh at 嘲笑；C. point at 指向；D. glare at怒视， 故选A。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：我有一个习惯，就是把手指拖过一小块土地，暂时把它们分开，这样就能把不规则的部分聚焦起来。A. spreading传播；B. keeping保持；C. putting放；D. dragging拖动，故选D。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：我有一个习惯，就是把手指拖过一小块土地，暂时把它们分开，这样就能注意到不规则的部分。A. sparing节约；B. separating分离； C. scratching划伤；D. searching搜寻，故选B。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：我有一个习惯，就是把手指拖过一小块土地，暂时把它们分开，这样就能注意到不规则的部分。A. same相同的；B. slim苗条的；C. irregular不规则的；D. informal非正式的，故选C。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。下文simply move your hand across a thick patch, letting the clovers reveal themselves. 介绍了寻找四叶草的窍门，所以这里意思是那就是窍门。A. trick窍门；B. distinction区别；C. insight洞察力；D. problem问题，故选A。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。根据Appreciate the ones that have only three leaves.可知这里意思是普通的东西也很美丽。A. Broken破碎的；B. Authentic真正的；C. Delicate微妙的；D. Common普通的，故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，小题3根据I lined them up on the picnic table to ___5___ as my husband 可知这里意思是几年前，在新斯科舍省，我和丈夫停车野餐。A. picnic野餐；B. rest休息；C. photo照片；D. check支票，故选A。 小题19下文simply move your hand across a thick patch, letting the clovers reveal themselves. 介绍了寻找四叶草的窍门，所以这里意思是那就是窍门。A. trick窍门；B. distinction区别；C. insight洞察力；D. problem问题，故选A。‎ 第三部分: 阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A EXCURSION DETAILS ‎$109.99 / Adult (ages 13 and over)‎ ‎$79.99 / Child (ages 8 - 12)‎ ‎*Prices may vary with seasons This adventure begins with a motorcoach ride along the Klondike Highway, paralleling the route used by the explorers during the 1898 Klondike Gold Rush. You’ll ascend to the 3,290-foot Klondike Summit, where you can photograph majestic mountains and waterfalls.‎ Your ride continues as you travel north to the famous Yukon Suspension Bridge. Feel the thrilling sensation of a swaying walkway 65 feet above the churning rapids of the Tutshi River. Finally walk through the museum-quality displays demonstrating the area’s unique history.‎ By now you’ve worked up an appetite, and the hearty salmon buffet at the Liarsville Trail Camp is sure to tame even the hungriest beast. Savor wild Alaskan salmon grilled over an open alder wood fire, a variety of salads, cornbread and dessert. After your meal, you may return or be dropped off in Skagway for shopping.‎ Guest Reviews (4)‎ Palp from Vancouver ★★★☆☆‎ Great one hour stop at the Suspension Bridge. The salmon bake in Liarsville was the best part! It was a buffet of UNLIMITED salmon that was being freshly cooked over an open fire. Overall good excursion, just a little too expensive for what it is.‎ Dragon from Los Angles ★★★★☆‎ Did this on May 1, 2019. Our guide, Glenn, was very enthusiastic and knowledgeable, keeping us entertained all the way by making jokes and explaining the history of the ‎ landmarks. There were only 12 people, so we all had window seats!! The views were GREAT! Took lots of pics.‎ Plutocrat from Edmonton ★★★★★‎ Enjoyed the drive, enjoyed the fees and enjoyed Liarsville, where the food was AMAZING. Can't believe how much we enjoyed walking across the suspension bridge.‎ Rod from Regina★★☆☆☆‎ ‎“To the Summit” gives the impression you are going to the big summit. This was not the case. The summit in question was just a small hill. The views at the suspension bridge are ok but not incredible. The lunch at Liarsville was not bad, though, and that stop was best of the day.‎ ‎56. Which of the following shows the correct touring order in the excursion?‎ A. Skagway →Suspension Bridge → Klondike Gold Rush B. Liarsville Trail Camp →Klondike Highway→Tutshi River C. Klondike Summit →Suspension Bridge → Liarsville Trail Camp D. Klondike Gold Rush →Liarsville Trail Camp → Suspension Bridge ‎57. After reading the four reviews, we learn that ______________.‎ A. Palp thought the price for the excursion is reasonable B. Dragon thought highly of his humorous and learned guide C. Plutocrat was not content with the food in Liarsville D. Rod felt the view around the suspension bridge was great ‎【答案】56. C 57. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇广告布告类阅读。文章主要介绍了旅行的一些细节。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据You’ll ascend to the 3,290-foot Klondike Summit, where you can photograph majestic mountains and waterfalls.（您将登上3290英尺高的Klondike Summit，在那里您可以拍摄雄伟的山脉和瀑布。） 以及Your ride continues as you travel north to the famous Yukon Suspension Bridge. By now you’ve worked up an appetite, and the hearty salmon buffet at the Liarsville Trail Camp is sure to tame even the hungriest beast.（当你向北旅行到著名的Yukon Suspension Bridge，你的旅程还在继续。现在你已经有了食欲，在Liarsville Trail营地丰盛的三文鱼自助餐肯定会驯服甚至是最饥饿的野兽。）由此可知，正确的游览顺序是Klondike Summit →Suspension Bridge → Liarsville Trail Camp。故选C项。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 推理判断题。答案定位在Dragon from Los Angles部分 Did this on May 1, 2019. Our guide, Glenn, was very enthusiastic and knowledgeable, keeping us entertained all the way by making jokes and explaining the history of the landmarks.（这是在2019年5月1日。我们的导游Glenn非常热情，知识渊博，一路上讲着笑话，解释着地标的历史，逗我们开心。）由此推断出，通过阅读这四篇评论，我们了解到Dragon对他的幽默和博学的导游评价很高。故选B项。‎ B Scientists have long known that herbivores (食草动物) affect the plant diversity around them. In highly productive ecosystems, like jungles, animals would favor dominant, fast-growing plants. This would free up nutrients and space, allowing for a greater variety of plants to boom. In contrast, herbivores in regions with low plant biomass, like deserts, would eat whatever they could find, only driving down plant diversity.‎ Now, a team of scientists has tested this hypothesis(假说). Burkepile, a biology professor in UC Santa Barbara, and his colleagues reviewed 252 studies comparing plant diversity in areas where herbivores were and were not excluded.‎ Their study revealed that whether herbivores increase or decrease plant diversity depends on what’s on the menu. In general, the correlation (相关性) between herbivory and diversity wasn’t nearly as clear as everyone had expected. However, the team noticed a much stronger association: when the ecosystem hosted a particularly vigorous species of plant, herbivory seemed to be crucial in maintaining biodiversity.‎ For instance, grasslands in the tallgrass prairie in the American Midwest tend to be dominated (控制) by fast-growing grasses, such as big bluestem. The team discovered that herbivores had an outsized effect on maintaining biodiversity by keeping big bluestem from taking over dozens of smaller, slower growing plant species. However not all herbivores are on an equal foot. The team found that the connection between herbivory and diversity was particularly strong in grasslands where more animals feed on grass than on herbs and bushes. This seems reasonable, since grasses tend to be the dominant species in grasslands, as the name suggests.‎ These findings are more than academic. “We’ve seen three decades of really important papers saying that ecosystems work better when you have more species in them,” Burkepile said. “What our data suggests is that herbivores are especially ‎ important for maintaining this biodiversity in places where you have a really dominant plant species.” As biodiversity continues to decline worldwide, conservationists are looking for ways to prevent catastrophic losses. “This suggests that one possible approach to managing ecosystems and biodiversity is to use herbivores to manage these dominant species,” Burkepile added.‎ ‎58. According to Paragraph 1, how do herbivores help to increase biodiversity?‎ A. By consuming dominant, fast-growing plants.‎ B. By destroying jungles and freeing up space.‎ C. By adding more nutrients to the soil.‎ D. By eating up low plant biomass.‎ ‎59. The underlined part in Paragraph 3 most probably implies that ____________.‎ A. herbivory has nothing to do with biodiversity in a given ecosystem B. herbivores decrease biodiversity in tallgrass-dominated ecosystems C. small animals help to protect biodiversity in grasslands without bushes D. the degree to which herbivores affect biodiversity is related to plant species ‎60. What is the author trying to tell us in the last paragraph?‎ A. The limitations of the new study.‎ B. The potential application of the new study.‎ C. The contradiction between the past view and the new findings.‎ D. The importance of maintaining ecosystems and biodiversity.‎ ‎【答案】58. A 59. D 60. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了研究表明，食草动物是增加还是减少植物多样性取决于菜单上的食物。总的来说，食草动物和多样性之间的关系并不像所有人预期的那样清晰。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 细节理解题，答案定位在第一段In highly productive ecosystems, like jungles, animals would favor dominant, fast-growing plants. This would free up nutrients and space, allowing for a greater variety of plants to ‎ boom.（在高生产力的生态系统中，比如丛林，动物更喜欢占优势的快速生长的植物。这将释放营养和空间，允许更多种类的植物生长。）由此可知，根据第一段，食草动物通过消耗占主导地位的快速生长的植物，帮助增加生物多样性，故选A。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 下文In general, the correlation (相关性) between herbivory and diversity wasn’t nearly as clear as everyone had expected. However, the team noticed a much stronger association: when the ecosystem hosted a particularly vigorous species of plant, herbivory seemed to be crucial in maintaining biodiversity.意思是总的来说，食草动物和多样性之间的关系并不像所有人预期的那样清晰。然而，研究小组注意到一个更强的关联：当生态系统中有一种特别活跃的植物物种时，食草动物似乎对维持生物多样性至关重要。由此可知，上文Their study revealed that whether herbivores increase or decrease plant diversity depends on what’s on the menu.意思是他们的研究表明，食草动物是增加还是减少植物多样性取决于菜单上的食物。“whether herbivores increase or decrease plant diversity depends on what’s on the menu.”暗含的意思是食草动物对生物多样性的影响程度与植物种类有关，故选D。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 推理判断题。最后一段These findings are more than academic.（这些发现不仅仅是学术性的。）是段落主题句，结合整个段落，可知最后一段主要讲了新研究的潜在应用，故选B。‎ C Researchers at the University of York in England published their findings on facial recognition that, on average, people can remember as many as 5,000 faces.‎ There have been many studies recently on facial recognition technology. But the authors of this study say theirs is the first time that scientists have been able to put a number to the abilities of humans to recognize faces. Rob Jenkins, leader of the research, said the researchers’ study centered on “the number of faces people actually know.” and were not able to discover whether there is a “limit on how many faces the brain can handle.”‎ Jenkins said the ability to tell individual people apart is “clearly important.” In today’s modern world of big cities, we meet and deal with thousands of people. The study suggests our facial recognition abilities help us to deal with the many different faces we see on the screens, as well as those we know. The results of the ‎ study give a baseline for comparing the “facial vocabulary” of humans with facial recognition software.‎ Today, facial recognition technology is used in many ways, including by law enforcement agencies to prevent crime and violence. Governments use it to keep secret areas secure and, in extreme cases, control populations. Some governments use the software to watch people and find out where they go and what they do. Even Facebook uses facial recognition. For example, when you name a friend, Facebook technology may recognize the person’s face from a different picture you had shared before.‎ For the human study, people spent one hour writing down as many faces from their personal lives as possible. At first, they found it easy to come up with many faces. But by the end of the hour, they found it harder to think of new ones. Their change in speed let the researchers estimate when they would have run out of faces completely. 1,000 to 10,000 faces remembered. People who took part in the study were also shown thousands of photographs of famous people. Researchers asked them which ones they recognized. To make sure they knew these people, researchers required them to recognize two different photos of each famous person. The results showed that the participants knew between 1,000 and 10,000 faces.‎ How do they explain such a wide range? Jenkins said one explanation may be that some people have a natural ability for remembering faces. “There are differences in how much attention people pay to faces and how well they process the information.” Also it could be because of different social environments. Some people may have grown up in more populated places. So, they may have had more social contact throughout their lives.‎ Researchers think age may be an interesting area for further research. “It would be interesting to see whether there is a peak age for the number of faces we know”, Jenkins said. He said it is possible that we gather more faces throughout our lifetime. But, he added, there also may be an age at which we start to find it harder to remember all of those faces.‎ ‎61. What can we learn from the research?‎ A. People can remember up to 5,000 faces averagely.‎ B. People can write down up to 10,000 faces quickly.‎ C. There is a limit to the number of faces a person can remember.‎ D. There is a peak age for the number of faces a person can remember.‎ ‎62. The scientists carried out the research aiming to ______.‎ A. be the first to number the faces people can remember B. help people recognize many different faces C. improve people’s facial vocabulary D. develop facial recognition software ‎63. Facial recognition technology is used by governments to ________.‎ A. predict and prevent crime B. track and monitor people C. name a friend on Facebook D. control populations in secret areas ‎64. In Jenkins’ opinion, what may contribute to people’s different facial vocabulary?‎ A. Growing conditions. B. Natural environment.‎ C. Personal experience. D. Information technology.‎ ‎【答案】61. A 62. D 63. B 64. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了英国约克大学的研究人员发表了他们关于面部识别的研究结果，平均而言，人们可以记住多达5000张面孔。‎ ‎【61题详解】‎ 细节理解题。答案定位在第一段Researchers at the University of York in England published their findings on facial recognition that, on average, people can remember as many as 5,000 faces.（英国约克大学的研究人员发表了他们关于面部识别的研究结果，平均而言，人们可以记住多达5000张面孔。）故选A项。‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ 细节理解题。答案定位在第三段The results of the study give a baseline for comparing the “facial vocabulary” of humans with facial recognition software.可知，科学家实施这次研究目的在于开发人脸识别软件。故选D项。‎ ‎【63题详解】‎ 细节理解题。答案定位在第四段Some governments use the software to watch people and find out where they go and what they do.（一些政府使用该软件来监视人们，了解他们去了哪里，做了什么。）由此可知，人脸识别技术被政府用来跟踪和监控人们。故选B项。‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ 推理判断题。答案定位在倒数第二段Also it could be because of different social environments. Some people may have grown up in more populated places. So, they may have had more social contact throughout their lives.（也可能是因为不同的社会环境。有些人可能是在人口较多的地方长大的。所以，他们一生中可能有更多的社会接触。）由此推断出，依据Jenkins的观点，生长条件可能导致人们的面部词汇不同。故选A项。‎ ‎【点睛】细节理解题的解题思路：‎ 细节理解题就是我们常见的wh-题，它们大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节，做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。例如小题1，答案定位在第一段Researchers at the University of York in England published their findings on facial recognition that, on average, people can remember as many as 5,000 faces.（英国约克大学的研究人员发表了他们关于面部识别的研究结果，平均而言，人们可以记住多达5000张面孔。）故选A。‎ D The age of adulthood is by definition arbitrary. If everyone matured at the same, fixed rate, it wouldn’t be a human process. Indeed, maturation happens at varying speeds across different categories within the same individual, so I’d say I was easily old enough to vote at 16, but nobody should have given me a credit card until I was 32, and I’ve got the county court judgment to prove it.‎ However, we broadly agree that there’s a difference between a child and an adult, even if we might argue about the transition point. So the political theorist David Runciman’s view that six-year-olds should be allowed to vote goes against any ‎ standard argument about the age of civic responsibility. Nobody would say that a six-year-old could be held criminally responsible, could be sent to war, could be capable of consent, could be given responsibility for anything. So allowing them the vote—along with, unavoidably, seven-year-olds who are even sillier, if anything—is quite an amusing proposal.‎ Runciman’s argument is that this is the only way to rebalance political life, which is currently twisted in favor of the old, who don’t (he added) ever need to demonstrate mental capacity, even long after they’ve lost it.‎ The first part of his case is self-evident: pensions are protected while children’s centers are closed, concepts such as sovereignty(最高权威) are prioritized over the far more urgent business of the future: climate change. Nostalgia(怀念) for a past the young wouldn’t even recognize plays a central role, which is completely unfair.‎ Most of the arguments against giving six-year-olds a vote are that children would end up voting for something damaging and chaotic, if someone made unrealistic promises to them, which could never be realized. Well, it’s not children’s fault.‎ Having said that, children do tend towards the progressive, having a natural sense of justice (which kicks in at the age of six months, psychologists have shown, by creating scenes of great unfairness to babies, and making them cry) and an underdeveloped sense of self-interest. My kid, when he was six, made quite a forceful case against private property, on the basis that, since everybody needed a house, they shouldn’t cost money, because nobody would want anyone else not to have one. Also, food should be free. It was a kind of pre-Marx communism, where you limit the coverage of the market to only those things that you wouldn’t mind someone else not having.‎ On that particular day, when we were registered as voters, my kid was quite far to the left of me, but in the normal run of things, we’re united, which brings us to the point of the problem: children obey you on almost nothing, but they do seem to believe in your politics until they’re adolescent. So giving kids the vote is really just a way of giving parents extra votes. And what can stop us having even ‎ more children, once there’s so much enfranchisement(选举权) in it for us?‎ Now, if parents could be trusted to use their influence wisely, and hammer into children the politics it will take to assure a better future, then I wouldn’t necessarily have a problem with that, apart from, obviously, that culture is already wildly twisted towards parents, and I can imagine a few non-parents boiling with fierce anger. But that’s not worth talking about anyway, because parents can’t be trusted, otherwise we’d all already vote Green(绿党).‎ In short: no, six-year-olds should not get the vote; but while we’re here, if any votes come up in the near future, which will have an impact on the next five decades of British political life, alongside EU migrants, 16-year-olds certainly should be enfranchised.‎ ‎65. The author refers to his age of adulthood to prove that ___________.‎ A. people mature at different rates in various aspects B. there’s a common standard for the age of adulthood C. a credit card is more difficult to get than the vote D. certain rights are granted at different stages of life ‎66. People reject David Runciman’s proposal because ___________.‎ A. they don’t think a child can grow into adulthood earlier B. they are uncertain whether children can assume responsibility C. they believe children are far from mature in many ways D. they know the age to get the vote is not to be questioned ‎67. What is the base for David Runciman’s argument?‎ A. A cultural preference for the old.‎ B. The imbalance in political life.‎ C. Inequalities of opportunity.‎ D. Public ignorance of children’s abilities.‎ ‎68. The author talks about his kid to indicate that ___________.‎ A. children are good-natured and like to help people in need B. children are simple-minded and can fall for an adult’s trick C. children are innocent and don’t want to be involved in politics D. children are in favor of a just society and tend to be idealistic ‎69. The author thinks allowing children the vote may lead to ___________.‎ A. twisted culture B. misuse of rights C. parents’ objections D. unusual maturation ‎70. What is the main point of the passage?‎ A. Allowing children the vote is not altogether absurd.‎ B. There is a difference between adults and children.‎ C. Parents should introduce politics to their children.‎ D. The definition of adulthood is quite controversial.‎ ‎【答案】65. A 66. C 67. B 68. D 69. B 70. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了儿童成熟的速度是不同的，所以作者认为允许儿童投票并不完全是荒谬的。‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ 细节理解题。答案定位在第一段Indeed, maturation happens at varying speeds across different categories within the same individual, so I’d say I was easily old enough to vote at 16, but nobody should have given me a credit card until I was 32, and I’ve got the county court judgment to prove it.（事实上，在同一个人的不同方面，成熟的速度是不同的，所以我想说，我很容易就到了16岁投票的年龄，但在我32岁之前，没有人应该给我一张信用卡，我已经得到了县法院的判决来证明这一点。）由此可知，作者以他的成年年龄来证明人们在各个方面成熟的速度不同，故选A。‎ ‎【66题详解】‎ 推理判断题。答案定位在第二段Nobody would say that a six-year-old could be held criminally responsible, could be sent to war, could be capable of consent, could be given responsibility for anything.（没有人会说一个六岁的孩子会被追究刑事责任，会被送上战场，会有同意的能力，会被赋予任何责任。）由此推断出，人们拒绝David Runciman的提议是因为他们认为孩子们在很多方面还远远不够成熟，故选C。‎ ‎【67题详解】‎ 细节理解题。答案定位在第三段Runciman’s argument is that this is the only way to ‎ rebalance political life.（Runciman的观点是，这是重新平衡政治生活的唯一途径。）由此可知，David Runciman的论点的基础是政治生活的不平衡，故选B。‎ ‎【68题详解】‎ 推理判断题。答案定位在倒数第四段My kid, when he was six, made quite a forceful case against private property, on the basis that, since everybody needed a house, they shouldn’t cost money, because nobody would want anyone else not to have one. Also, food should be free. It was a kind of pre-Marx communism, where you limit the coverage of the market to only those things that you wouldn’t mind someone else not having.（我的孩子，在他六岁的时候，对私有财产提出了一个很有力的反对理由，因为每个人都需要房子，他们不应该花钱，因为没有人不希望别人有房子。此外，食物应该是免费的。这是一种前马克思共产主义，你把市场的覆盖范围限制在那些你不介意别人没有的东西上。）由此推断出作者以他的孩子为例来说明，孩子们喜欢一个公正的社会，并且倾向于理想主义，故选D。‎ ‎【69题详解】‎ 推理判断题。答案定位在倒数第三段So giving kids the vote is really just a way of giving parents extra votes.（所以给孩子投票权其实只是给父母额外投票的一种方式。）由此推断出，作者认为允许儿童投票可能会导致权利的滥用，故选B。‎ ‎【70题详解】‎ 推理判断题。答案定位在最后一段In short: no, six-year-olds should not get the vote; but while we’re here, if any votes come up in the near future, which will have an impact on the next five decades of British political life, alongside EU migrants, 16-year-olds certainly should be enfranchised.（简而言之:不，6岁的孩子不应该获得选举权;但是当我们在这里的时候，如果在不久的将来有任何投票产生，这将对英国未来50年的政治生活产生影响，连同欧盟移民，16岁的年轻人当然应该被赋予选举权。）由此可知，作者认为允许儿童投票并不完全是荒谬的，故选A。‎ ‎【点睛】推理判断题要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们应严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气等，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。小题2，答案定位在第二段Nobody would say that a six-year-old could be held criminally responsible, could be sent to war, could be ‎ capable of consent, could be given responsibility for anything.（没有人会说一个六岁的孩子会被追究刑事责任，会被送上战场，会有同意的能力，会被赋予任何责任。）由此推断出，人们拒绝David Runciman的提议是因为他们认为孩子们在很多方面还远远不够成熟，故选C。‎ 第四部分:任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。‎ 注意:每个空格只填一个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。‎ Australia is becoming an increasingly lonely place, so much so that one party is turning it into an election issue. Social isolation affects one in ten Australians, while one in six experience periods of emotional loneliness. As the Australian population gets older, rates of social isolation are expected to increase.‎ In Victoria, one political party thinks the problem is so severe it requires government involvement with it. Fiona Patten, the upper house MP, has proposed that Victoria introduce a minister for loneliness to work across health, infrastructure, justice and communities portfolios, and handle what experts say is becoming a growing health problem.‎ Scarce public transport options, a lack of support for people with disabilities to engage in community events and satellite suburbs that force long commutes and leave little time for socialisation have all been identified as possible structural triggers. “We know that everyone is at risk of loneliness in periods of life transition,” says Tegan Cruwys, a psychological research fellow at Australian National University. “Whether that’s moving to university, becoming a mum, retiring from the workforce, changing jobs, moving cities. If you were someone who experienced loneliness during life transitions, that has less to do with you and much more to do with the world in which you are living.”‎ Kevin O’Neill is 56 and divorced in his early 40s. He says the transition from living with a wife and kids to living alone was tough. Things improved when he moved back to Keilor in Melbourne’s northern suburbs and reconnected with friends he grew up with.‎ Avril Hannah-Jones, a Uniting Church minister, is also considering the risks associated with that transition. “At the moment the time I spend alone is by choice, and is a relaxation from a very people-oriented job,” she says. “Maybe in retirement, if being alone is no longer by choice, I’ll feel more lonely.”‎ Brook says retirees can protect against the health risks of loneliness by joining one or two community groups or volunteer communities. “If you’re 65 and you retire and you just sort of potter around the house … your chances of dying within six years are 12% – that’s an early death,” she says. “If you retire at 65 and you join one interest group choir, knitting, woodworking, men’s shed, anything, your chances of dying in that six years has reduced by half.”‎ The risk of an early death decreases with every group or meaningful activity you join. “I think that’s a really profoundly simple but profoundly powerful message of optimism about this issue.” Cruwys says the social risk of retirement should be discussed and planned for as openly as the financial risks. There is a demonstrated connection between being financially strained, such as living on welfare or the pension, and an increased sense of isolation. “Staying connected costs money, so more financial aids should be provided, ” she says.‎ ‎‘Loneliness minister’ proposed to handle Australian social isolation Introduction to the problem ‎♦ Ten percent of Australians are affected by social isolation, while a higher ___71___ of them experience periods of emotional loneliness.‎ ‎♦ With the Australian population ___72___, rates of social isolation are expected to increase.‎ ‎♦ The ___73___ of the problem requires government to be involved in it.‎ ‎♦ Fiona Patten has advised that Victoria introduce a minister for loneliness to handle the growing health problem.‎ Causes of the problem ‎♦ Inconvenient ___74___, a lack of support for community events and satellite suburbs all lead to loneliness.‎ ‎♦ Everyone is most likely to feel lonely when their life changes from one state to another.‎ ‎♦ Loneliness has more to do with the world where one is living than with ___75___.‎ ‎♦ Being financially strained is connected with an increased sense of being ___76___ isolated.‎ ‎___77___to the problem ‎♦ After ___78___ with his friends again, O’Neill does not feel lonely.‎ ‎♦ Retirees will ___79___ their life by joining a club to protect against the health risks of loneliness.‎ ‎♦ Offering financial aids to retirees is another way to ___80___ the risks of loneliness.‎ ‎【答案】71. proportion/percentage ‎ ‎72. aging 73. severity/seriousness ‎ ‎74. transport ‎ ‎75. oneself ‎ ‎76. socially ‎ ‎77. Solutions ‎ ‎78. connecting ‎ ‎79. extend/lengthen ‎ ‎80. reduce/lower/decrease ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了在澳大利亚，孤独成了一个社会问题。作者对于造成这一问题的原因进行了分析，并提出了解决方案。‎ ‎【71题详解】‎ 根据第一段Social isolation affects one in ten Australians, while one in six experience periods of emotional ‎ loneliness.（在澳大利亚，十分之一的人会受到社交孤立的影响，而六分之一的人会经历情感上的孤独。）可知这里意思是10%的澳大利亚人受到社会孤立的影响，而更大比例的人经历过情感孤独，所以该空填proportion/percentage。‎ ‎【72题详解】‎ As the Australian population gets older, rates of social isolation are expected to increase.（随着澳大利亚人口的老龄化，社会孤立率预计会增加。）可知这里意思是随着澳大利亚人口老龄化，社会孤立率预计会增加，所以该空填aging。‎ ‎【73题详解】‎ 根据In Victoria, one political party thinks the problem is so severe it requires government involvement with it. （在维多利亚州，一个政党认为这个问题非常严重，需要政府介入。）可知这里意思是问题的严重性要求政府介入。该空作句子主语，用名词，所以填severity/seriousness。‎ ‎【74题详解】‎ 根据第三段Scarce public transport options（缺乏公共交通选择），可知交通不便是导致孤独的原因之一，所以该空填transport。‎ ‎【75题详解】‎ 根据第三段If you were someone who experienced loneliness during life transitions, that has less to do with you and much more to do with the world in which you are living.（如果你是一个在人生转变过程中经历孤独的人，这与你无关，而与你所生活的世界关系更大。）可知这里意思是孤独与一个人生活的世界的关系比与自己的关系更大，所以该空填oneself。‎ ‎【76题详解】‎ 根据最后一段There is a demonstrated connection between being financially strained, such as living on welfare or the pension, and an increased sense of isolation.（经济拮据(如靠福利或养老金生活)与日益增加的孤立感之间存在着明显的联系。）可知这里意思是经济紧张与社会孤立感的增加有关。该空修饰动词，用副词，所以填socially。‎ ‎【77题详解】‎ 表格后说明了应对孤独问题的解决方法，所以填Solutions。‎ ‎【78题详解】‎ 根据第四段Things improved when he moved back to Keilor in Melbourne’s northern suburbs and reconnected with friends he grew up ‎ with.（当他搬回墨尔本北部郊区的Keilor，并与一起长大的朋友重新建立联系时，情况有所好转。）可知这里意思是再次与朋友们联系后，O’Neill不再感到孤独，介词之后，用v+ing形式，所以填connecting。‎ ‎【79题详解】‎ 根据倒数第二段 “If you’re 65 and you retire and you just sort of potter around the house … your chances of dying within six years are 12% – that’s an early death,” she says. “If you retire at 65 and you join one interest group choir, knitting, woodworking, men’s shed, anything, your chances of dying in that six years has reduced by half.”（ 她说:“如果你已经65岁了，退休了，在家里无所事事……你在六年内死亡的几率是12%——这是早逝。”“如果你65岁退休，加入一个兴趣小组……唱诗班、编织、木工等等，在这六年里，你的死亡几率减少了一半。）可知这里意思是退休人员将通过加入一个俱乐部来延长自己的寿命，以抵御孤独带来的健康风险。情态动词之后，用动词原形，所以填extend/lengthen。‎ ‎【80题详解】‎ 根据There is a demonstrated connection between being financially strained, such as living on welfare or the pension, and an increased sense of isolation. “Staying connected costs money, so more financial aids should be provided, ” she says.（经济拮据与日益增加的孤立感之间存在着明显的联系。“保持联系需要钱，所以应该提供更多的财政援助，”她说。）可知这里意思是为退休人员提供经济援助是减少孤独风险的另一种方式。这里不定式作目的状语，所以填reduce/lower/decrease。‎ 第五部分:书面表达(满分 25分)‎ ‎81.请阅读下面有关保护个人信息的文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150 词左右的文章。‎ With the rapid development of the digital economy, we can basically do everything online – order food, shop, hail taxis and even seek health counseling. But with convenience also come risks: By handing over data such as our name, home address, phone number and health condition to service providers, we’re risking our personal information being illegally collected and abused.‎ According to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, last year 160,000 apps were reviewed by officers with industry and information technology departments nationwide. Also, 39 app operators were ordered to stop excessive or illegal data collection practices, while 191 apps were removed from online app stores. Police also ‎ arrested over 13,000 people suspected of illegally collecting, stealing or purchasing personal data.‎ Here comes some good news. China’s top legislature (立法机构), the National People’s Congress, has reviewed a draft law that includes measures to strengthen protection for personal information online.‎ 写作内容】‎ ‎1. 用约30个单词写出上文概要；‎ ‎2. 谈谈泄露个人信息给人们生活带来的影响，并举例说明；‎ ‎3. 联系实际，就如何保护个人信息提出建议。(至少两条)‎ ‎【写作要求】‎ ‎1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；‎ ‎2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；‎ ‎3.不必写标题。‎ ‎【评分标准】‎ 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】While the digital economy brings us convenience, our personal information risks being illegally collected and abused. Luckily, the people involved in the misuse of personal information were punished and new laws have been drafted.‎ When our personal information is leaked, our life, study, privacy and interest will be greatly affected. For example, many of us get annoyed by junk messages in our inbox, or phone calls from people we don’t know. Worse still, some people’s lives risk being endangered. ‎ As to how to protect our personal information, I’d like to put forward two pieces of advice. First and foremost, the government must put protecting personal information high on its agenda and form a special agency to negotiate new laws to fight this crime. Additionally, citizens must enhance their awareness and be cautious when using apps ‎ that request personal information. Only by joint efforts can people’s personal information be safeguarded and a harmonious society built.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇任务型写作。1. 用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；2. 综合上述信息，用约120个单词谈谈泄露个人信息给人们生活带来的影响，并举例说明；联系实际，就如何保护个人信息提出建议。(至少两条)‎ ‎【详解】本文是一篇任务型写作。共分两个任务：第一个任务要求用约30个词概述所给信息的主要内容；第二个任务要求用约120个单词谈谈泄露个人信息给人们生活带来的影响，并举例说明；联系实际，就如何保护个人信息提出建议。(至少两条)。第二部分给出了写作提纲，两大要点是中心。注意完成第一任务时，语言使用应简练、准确、到位。在第二个任务中，应涵盖题目所列出的两大要点。本文应主要使用一般现在时态。写作过程中注意使用平时学到的短语和句型，注意行文的连贯和逻辑性。‎ ‎【点睛】本文是一篇任务型写作。文章要点概括齐全，重点突出，层次分明，同时文中使用高级句子。While the digital economy brings us convenience, our personal information risks being illegally collected and abused.时间状语从句的运用，为文章增色添彩。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎