高中英语人教版必修5课件：Unit 5　单元总结

高中英语人教版必修5课件：Unit 5　单元总结

单元 总结 重点词汇 1 .aid n.&vt. 　　　 　　   first aid( 对伤患者的 ) 急救 with the aid of sb.=with one ’ s aid 借助于某人 in aid of 为了帮助 aid sb.to do sth.=aid sb.in (doing) sth.=aid sb.with sth. 帮助某人做某事 例如 :My uncle aided me 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ( 继续我的学习 ).   2 .fall ill 　　　　　　　　　 ( 侧重动作 )   be ill 生病 ( 侧重状态 ), 可以与短时间连用 ;fall ill 不能与一段时间连用 例如 :His wife suddenly 　　　　　　　　　 ( 生病 ) last week.   帮助 , 援助 , 资助 to continue my study/in continuing my study 生病 fell ill 3 .in place 　　　　　　　　　　　   out of place 不在适当的位置 , 不恰当 ;in one ’ s place 处于某人的境况 ;take place 发生 ;take the place 代替 例如 :You ’ d better put everything 　　　　　　　　　 ( 在适当的位置 ).   4 .a number of 　　　　　　　　　　　　 ; the number of 　　　　　　　　　　　　   例如 : 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ( 许多学生 ) like the English teacher and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ( 学生的数目 )is increasing.   在适当的位置 , 适当 in place 若干 / 许多 …… 的数目 A number of students the number of the students 5 .apply vt. 　　　　　　　　　　 　 vi. 　　　　　　　　　　　　   apply (to sb.) for sth.( 向某人 ) 申请某物 apply...to... 把 …… 应用于 …… application n. 申请 ;applicant n. 申请人 ;applied adj. 实用的 例如 :He decided to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ( 把这项技术应用于农业 ).   涂 , 敷 , 搽 , 应用 , 运用 申请 , 请求 , 使用 , 有效 apply this technology to agriculture 重点句型 1 .So 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ,if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.   因此 , 你可以想象到 , 如果你的皮肤烧伤了 , 就可能非常严重。 2 .You can 　　　　　　　　　 by a variety of things:hot liquids,steam,fire,radiation(by being close to high heat or fire,etc),the sun,electricity or chemicals.   你可能由于各种原因而被烧伤 : 灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射 ( 由于靠近高温或大火等 ) 、阳光、电或化学物品。 as you can imagine get burned 3 . 　　　　　 the bandage 　　　　　　　　 with tape. 用胶布把绷带固定。   4 . 　　　　　　   John ’ s quick action and knowledge of first aid 　　　　　 saved Ms.Slade ’ s life.   正是约翰快捷的反应和急救知识救了斯莱德女士的命。 5 . 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 John ’ s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms.Slade ’ s life.   毫无疑问 , 是约翰逊敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技能挽救了斯莱德女士的命。 Hold in place It was that There is no doubt that 重点语法 省略 1 .When it was published,the novel was popular with the readers.( 改为省略形式 ) When 　　　　　　　　 ,the novel was popular with the readers.   2 .Anything I can do for you?( 把该句省略的部分补充出来 ) 　　　 there anything I can do for you?   published Is 功能 Giving instructions ( 指示 ) 1.Now listen carefully...( 现在仔细听 ……) 　　　　　　 2.Follow these instructions.( 按照这些指示做。 ) 3.Don ’ t...because...( 不要做 ……, 因为 ……) 4.Take care to...( 小心 ……) 5.Be careful (not) to...( 小心 < 不 > …… ) 6.Watch out for...( 当心 ……) 7.Look out for...and...( 当心 …… 和 ……) 8.Make sure that...( 务必 ……) 9.If it is...go to the hospital.( 如果 …… 要去医院。 ) 10.Mind you do/don ’ t...( 注意你做 / 不做 ……) 11.Never...( 绝不要 ……) 阅读理解之细节理解解题技巧 一、速读文章 , 定位题干信息。 首先 , 认真阅读题干 , 根据关键词明确答题方向 ; 然后速读文章寻找题干内容 , 要有重点地、有针对性地阅读 , 冗余无效的信息可以略读甚至不读。最后 , 仔细比较所给选项 , 与原文信息对应 , 锁定正确选项。 【例 1 】 Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington , D.C. Duration:3 hours This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington,D.C.Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom.Reserve your spot before availability—and the cherry blossoms—disappear! 21 .Which tour do you need to book in advance? A.Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington,D.C. B.Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour. C.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,D.C. D.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour . 答案 : A 解析 : 细节理解题。根据 Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington,D.C. 中的 “Reserve your spot before availability—and the cherry blossoms—disappear!” 可知 , 华盛顿特区的樱花自行车之旅需要提前预订。 二、转换选项语义 , 找准关键词。 间接信息题不仅要求读者能从阅读材料中直接获取信息 , 而且还要将获取的信息用同义或者近义的语言形式进行复述或者转换。首先 , 阅读题干 , 有针对性地扫读原文 , 锁定相关词句等信息。准确理解每个选项的意思 , 寻找与原文信息相关的同义、近义或者反义的词或者短语 , 有时候选项通过转变词性和结构来表达原文信息 , 需要仔细比对选项和原文信息 , 选择最佳选项。 【例 2 】 No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to adult children and grandchildren.Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing.Even President Obama ’ s mother-in-law,Marian Robinson,has agreed to leave Chicago and move into the White House to help care for her granddaughters.According to a study by grandparents.com,83 percent of the people said Mrs.Robinson ’ s decision will influence grandparents in the American family.Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama ’ s family. 26 .What was the reaction of the public to Mrs.Robinson ’ s decision? A.17% expressed their support for it. B.Few people responded sympathetically. C.83% believed it had a bad influence. D.The majority thought it was a trend. 答案 : D 解析 : 题干中的关键词是 Mrs.Robinson ’ s decision 。用 Mrs.Robinson ’ s decision 寻读 , 在文中找到信息源 :...83 percent of the people said Mrs.Robinson ’ s decision will influence grandparents in the American family.Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama ’ s family. 根据最后一句内容可推断出 , 三分之二的人认为会有更多的家庭仿效 Mrs.Robinson 的做法 ;D 项的意思是 :“ 大多数人认为老人搬到成年的子女身边和子女共同生活是一种社会发展趋势 ” 。选项中的 a trend 也是非常重要的关键词与原文的 more families will follow 相匹配。故 D 项是原文的同义替换。 三、定位信息段落 , 分析整合归纳。 考生要从文段中获得回答细节理解题的具体信息 , 可以直接找到包含所需信息的段落 , 迅速划定关键词语 , 然后重点理解。对于离散型的细节理解或者数字运算题 , 需要找到与之相关的事实或者数据 , 对其进行分析整合。注意根据文段结构和写作顺序 , 有针对性地寻读 , 迅速锁定相关内容。如 : 【例 3 】 ... When a secretary in my office first called him “motorhead”,I was shocked.“Hey,he ’ s a good kid,” I wanted to say,“And smart,really.” ... These kids are happiest when doing repairs.They joke and laugh and are living in their own relaxed world.And their minds are bright despite their dirty hands and clothes. I have learned a lot from my motorhead:publishers need printers,engineers need mechanics,and architects need builders.Most important,I have learned that fathers don ’ t need clones in footsteps or anywhere else. My son may never make the school honor roll.But he made mine. 44 .In the author ’ s eyes,motorheads are 　　　 .   A.tidy and hardworking B.cheerful and smart C.lazy but bright D.relaxed but rude 答案 : B 解析 : 题干中的关键词 motorheads 。扫视全文结构就可以看出此题答案分散在第四段和倒数第三段。根据第四段的 “And smart,really.” 和倒数第三段第二句 “They joke and laugh and are living in their own relaxed world.” 以及第三句 “And their minds are bright...” 可知 , 作者认为这些孩子们在工作的时候非常快乐 , 同时他们也非常聪明。原文的 cheerful,smart,bright 与题干中的 cheerful and smart 相呼应。 语篇导读 :1666 年 9 月 2 日凌晨 , 伦敦市布丁巷一间面包店失火 , 由于当时所建房屋大多为木质结构 , 导致满城大火持续燃烧了 4 天 , 著名的圣保罗大教堂也在火灾中被毁 , 火灾造成重大人员伤亡和经济损失 , 数万人无家可归。 It was 1 am on Sunday 2 September,1666.London was sleeping.In a small bakery in Pudding Lane,Thomas Farriner and his workers were busily making bread for the coming day when,suddenly,a fire broke out. In the bakery,a worker didn ’ t look after the ovens properly.They got too hot and sparks from the fire began to fly.The ① blaze spread ② swiftly after the sparks fell on hay in the yard of an inn next door. The weather that year had been very hot.It hadn ’ t rained for months.A strong wind was blowing from the east.The situation provided the perfect conditions for flames to spread quickly. What followed was one of the biggest disasters of the 17th century world.   The fire spread quickly,but it was also very difficult to fight.It started in a poor area of the city,where houses were built very close to one another. As the disaster happened,people lost their head. Some had to break their doors down to get out of their homes.The streets were blocked with people and with things that had fallen from houses.Many people were carrying their most important things and were trying to run away from flames and the smoke.They cried out in fear.Some left the city on boats.Others simply jumped into the river to save themselves.   The fire had been burning almost four days when the Duke of York put a plan into action.His soldiers knocked down a large storehouse full of paper.This created a “fire break” that flames could not jump over. At about this time,the wind also changed direction,driving the fire back into itself. At last,the flames died down enough to be controlled.   Amazingly,only six people were ③ definitely known to have died in the flames.However,historians suspect the true death ④ toll was much higher.Though ⑤ casualties were light,thousands were financially ruined.At least 13,000 houses—80 percent of the city ’ s buildings—had been destroyed.Thousands of people had lost everything they owned.Many Londoners moved away from their city and never returned. 词海拾贝 ① blaze[bleIz] n . 火焰 , 烈火 v . 燃烧 ② swiftly [ ̍ swIftlI] ad . 很快地 , 即刻 ③ definitely [ ̍ defInItlI] adj. 明确地 , 确切地 adv . 肯定地 ④ toll[t əʊ l] n . 代价 ⑤ casualty [ ̍ k æ ʒ u ə ltI] n . 伤亡者 典句欣赏 ① What followed was one of the biggest disasters of the 17th century world. 紧接着发生的就是 17 世纪全世界最大的灾难之一。 ② As the disaster happened,people lost their head. 灾难发生的时候 , 人们丧失了理智。 ③ At about this time,the wind also changed direction,driving the fire back into itself. 在这个时候 , 风转了向 , 使得火苗刮向了它自己。