专题2-4+Wildlife+Protection（句型语法）-2018年高三英语一轮总复习名师伴学

专题2-4+Wildlife+Protection（句型语法）-2018年高三英语一轮总复习名师伴学

专题2.4+Wildlife+Protection ‎【学以致用】‎ 三、重点句型剖析 ‎1. Please take me to a distant land where I can find the animal that gave fur to make this sweater.‎ 请带我到一个遥远的地方，在那里我可以找到一种动物，用它的毛来制作这样的毛衣。‎ ‎【句式分析】　where 引导的是一个定语从句，修饰land。在这个定语从句中，还有一个that引导的定语从句，修饰animal。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ where 可引导三大从句：‎ ‎①Is this the place where they went hunting last week?‎ 这是他们上周打猎的地方吗？‎ ‎②Sit where I can see you.‎ 坐在我能看到你的地方。‎ ‎③This is where she lives.‎ 这就是她的住处。‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ ‎（1）这是礼堂，医学会议将在此召开。‎ This is a hall the medical conference will be held.‎ ‎【答案】where ‎2．It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but I'd like to help as the WWF suggests.‎ 这体现了保护野生动植物的重要性，不过，我还是想按照世界自然基金会的建议来帮助你们。‎ ‎【句式分析】as表示“仿照；像……那样；如……”，引导方式状语从句。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ as 作为连词的用法主要有：‎ ‎（1）“如同；按照”，引导方式状语从句。‎ ‎①When in Rome, do as Romans do.‎ 入乡随俗。‎ ‎②You must do everything as_I_do.‎ 你必须照着我做的来做每一件事。‎ ‎（2）“当……时候；一面……一面；随着”，引导时间状语从句。‎ ‎③They sang songs as they were doing farm work. ‎ 他们一边干农活，一边唱歌。‎ ‎（3）“因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句。‎ ‎④—Coach, can I continue with the training?‎ ‎—Sorry, you can't as you haven't recovered from the knee injury.‎ ‎——教练，我可以继续训练吗？‎ ‎——很抱歉，你不能，因为你膝盖受伤还没有恢复。‎ ‎（4）“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。‎ ‎⑤Young as he is, he knows a lot.‎ 尽管他还是个孩子，他知道的事情很多。‎ ‎（5）用作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句。‎ ‎（6）引导限制性定语从句。这时，其先行词的前面通常有such，the same 修饰，构成the same...as，such...as结构。‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ 完成句子 ‎（1）你应该按照你被告诉的那样完成你的任务。‎ You should finish your task .‎ ‎（2）你必须按你父母说的去做。‎ You must do .‎ ‎【答案】（1）as you are told to （2）as your parents tell you 单项选择 ‎（3）He smiled politely ________ Mary apologized for her drunken friends. ‎ A．as B．if C．unless D．though ‎3. After a while she saw some zebra with black and white lines going beneath their stomachs.‎ 过了一会儿她看到了一些斑马，它们身上有从上一直延伸到腹部的黑白相间的条纹。‎ ‎【句式分析】此句是一个简单句。句中with black and white lines going beneath their stomachs 是with的复合结构。该结构在句中作定语，修饰some zebra。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ With结构构成方式如下： ‎ ‎① She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold.（with+名词+形容词，作伴随状语） ② With the meal over ， we all went home.（with+名词+副词，作时间状语）③ The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。（with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。） The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand. ④ He lay in the dark empty house，with not a man ，woman or child to say he was kind to me.（with+名词+不定式，作伴随状语）‎ ‎⑤ She fell asleep with the light burning.（with+名词+现在分词 ，作伴随状语） ‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ ‎（1）With the problem (settle) we went on smoothly.‎ 问题解决后，我们进展得很顺利。‎ ‎（2）With a lot of homework (do), I can't go to see a film.‎ 有许多作业要做，我不能去看电影。‎ ‎（3）由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。‎ With prices (go) up so fast, we can't afford luxuries.‎ ‎4. They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago，long before humans came into being and their future seemed secure at that time.‎ 千百万年前，它们(恐龙)就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多，当时他们的前景好像也很安全。‎ ‎【句式分析】long before“早在……之前；很早；很久以前”，此短语后面可以跟名词、代词或句子，也可单独作状语。学%‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ ‎①It will not be long before＋从句 过不了多久就……‎ It will not be long before the inflation figure starts to fall. 过不了多久，通货膨胀率就会开始下降。‎ ‎②It will be long before＋从句 要过很久才……‎ ‎ It will be long before we meet again. 要隔很久的时间我们才能再见面.‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ 完成句子 ‎ we can be rid of the pest altogether.‎ 不要太久我们就能把这种害虫消除干净。‎ ‎ 【答案】It won't be long before ‎5. They learned this from the way the bones were joined together.‎ 他们是根据(恐龙)骨骼的连接方式了解到这一点的。‎ ‎（1）way表示“方式；方法”时，其后常接in which或that引导的定语从句，此时也可以将关系词that/in which省略掉。‎ ‎①The way (in which/that) he speaks to us is really annoying.‎ 他对我们讲话的方式真是让人讨厌。‎ ‎②I think you hurt his pride by laughing at the way he speaks English.‎ 我觉得你嘲笑他说英语的方式伤害了他的自尊心。‎ ‎（2）way表示“方式；方法”时，其后还可接不定式或of doing sth.的形式。‎ ‎③Is this the way you can imagine to reduce / of reducing air pollution?‎ 这是你能想到的减少空气污染的方法吗？‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ 一、单项选择 ‎1．What surprised me was not what he said but _______ he said it. ‎ A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which ‎ ‎2．Please tell me the way you thought of ________ the garden.‎ A. take care of B. to take care of C. taking care of D. to take care ‎3．What moved me most was not the Father’s Day gift from my daughter, but_______ she presented it.‎ A. in the way B. the way which C. in the way that D. the way ‎ ‎3．D本题考查定语从句。the way 引导定语从句的关系词有下列三种形式：that/in which/不填。in the way挡道，妨碍某人，在句中含义不对，故选D。‎ 四、重点语法突破 现在进行时的被动语态 ‎1. 现在进行时的被动语态的含义：‎ 表示“某人或某事正在被……”强调主语是动作的承受者，即主谓之间为被动关系。如： We’ve not moved in our new house as it is being painted now.‎ ‎2. 现在进行时的被动语态的结构：‎ 肯定式：am/ is / are + being done 否定式：am/ is/ are not + being done 疑问式：Am/ Is/ Are +主语+ being done?‎ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + am/is/are+ being done ‎3. 现在进行时的被动语态的用法 ‎1)表示说话时正在进行的被动动作。‎ A new film is being shown in the theatre. Let's go to see it.‎ 电影院里正在放映新电影呢，咱们去看吧。‎ ‎2）表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作，但动作不一定在此时此刻发生。如：‎ ‎ A new railway station is being built. ‎ ‎3）表示一种习惯的被动行为，常带有赞赏、羡慕、讨厌等感情色彩，常和always，constantly, frequently等表示频率的副词连用：‎ ‎ He is always being praised by the teacher.‎ ‎4）表示按计划或安排主语将要承受谓语动词所表示的动作。‎ A party is being held tonight.‎ 今晚将要举行一场晚会。‎ ‎5）与某些情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的动作的推测。如：‎ ‎ He may be being beaten by his father at the very moment.‎ ‎4. 考点归纳 ‎1）现在进行时的被动语态可表示根据计划或安排主语将要承受谓语动词表示的动作（仅限于及物动词）。如：A party is being held tonight.‎ ‎2) 一些表状态、心理活动、拥有、存在的动词，如have, want, need, love, realize等，一般不用于进行时的被动语态，而常用一般现在时的被动语态表示此时此刻或目前主语正承受谓语动词表示的动作。‎ ‎ Wang Li, come here. You’re wanted on the phone.‎ ‎3) 少数动词用于进行时态，用主动形式表示被动含义，如print, cook, fry, hang, build, make等，如：The meat is cooking.‎ ‎4) “介词in, on, under+名词”构成的介词短语常表被动，可代替进行时的被动语态。如：‎ The city is under attack (is being attacked) at the moment.‎ The telephone is in use (is being used) now.‎ The bridge is under repair/ construction (is being repaired/ constructed).‎ ‎5) 现在进行时的被动语态与现在分词的被动式being done均可表示此刻正在进行的被动动作，可进行句型转换。如：‎ ‎ Please tell me something about the meeting that is being held now.‎ ‎=Please tell me something about the meeting being held now.‎ ‎5. 拓展 被动语态的构成为：be + 过去分词，be的不同形式表达不同的时态。‎ ‎1）一般现在时：am/ is/ are + p.p.‎ ‎2）一般过去时：was/ were + p.p.‎ ‎3）现在进行时：am/ is/ are being + p.p.‎ ‎4）过去进行时：was/ were being + p.p.‎ ‎5）现在完成时：have/ has been + p.p.‎ ‎6）过去完成时：had been + p.p.‎ ‎7）一般将来时：will/ shall be +p.p.或 am/ is/ are/ going to be + p.p.‎ ‎8）过去将来时：would be + p.p. 或 was/ were going to be + p.p.‎ ‎6. 非谓语动词的被动形式的被动意义 ‎ to be done 不定式的被动，表将来和被动 ‎ ‎ to have been done 不定式完成式的被动，表完成和被动 ‎ being done 现在分词的被动，表进行和被动 having been done现在分词完成式的被动，表完成和被动,不作定语、补足语 done 过去分词，表完成和被动，作定语、状语、补足语。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Your experiment report (type)now and it will be finished soon.‎ ‎2. Many interesting experiments (do) these days.‎ ‎3．I (treat) at the hospital now, so I cannot go to the cinema at present.‎ ‎4. I'm sorry, sir. Your recorder isn't ready yet. It (repair) in the factory.‎ ‎5. Much progress (make) in science and technology in China.‎ Ⅱ.句型转换 ‎1. They are writing a report about the negative effects of cellphones in school. (改为被动语态)‎ ‎→ A report about the negative effects of cellphones in school by them.‎ ‎2．Their future is being talked about by the man. (变为主动语态)‎ ‎→The man their future.‎ ‎3．The manager is punishing the worker for his fault. (变为被动语态)‎ ‎→ The worker for his fault by the manager.‎ ‎4．The library building is being constructed in our school. (同义句替换)‎ ‎→ The library building in our school.‎ ‎5．This computer is being used. (同义句替换)‎ ‎→ This computer .‎ ‎【答案】1.is being written　2.is talking about 3．is being punished　4.is under construction　5.is in use ‎