山东省青岛市2020届高三统一质量检测英语试题

山东省青岛市2020届高三统一质量检测英语试题

青岛市2020年高三统一质量检测 英语试题 ‎（考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分）‎ 注意事项：‎ ‎1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。‎ ‎2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需 改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。‎ ‎3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。‎ 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）‎ 第一节：（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Our 3-day tour along the South Coast has it all!Stunning landscapes,the Golden Circle,ice caves, the Jokulsarlon Iceberg Lagoon and Northern Lights watching.On the way we see waterfalls, volcanoes,floating icebergs,cliffs,black sand beaches,geysers,hot springs and so much more.There are even options for a glacier hike or a visit to the Secret Lagoon,and during the summer months you can add a boat tour on Jokulsarlon Glacier Lagoon.‎ Included:Reykjavik pick-up & drop-off,minibus tour,English guidance,2 nights accommodation,glacier-hiking/ice-caving equipment,super jeep ride for some km,specialized guide to ice caveentrance fees and northern lights(depending on conditions,visible from Sept-Apr).‎ Not included:Food is not included on this tour except for breakfasts.The boat trip on the glacier lagoon is an optional extra(available in the summer months). This sells out very fast, so we recommend you book it when you arrange your tour.‎ Bring with you:Warm outdoor clothing,waterproof jacket and pants,headwear and gloves.Good hiking boots are essential.‎ Note:You can always rent strong hiking boots,waterproof jacket and pants in the booking process.‎ Ice Cave information:Our main cave is"Crystal Ice Cave",but if it is inaccessible we will visit ‎ another cave.During the summer months(Apr-Oct),we go to the Katla Ice Cave.If the ice cave is inaccessible,we do a glacier hike instead.‎ Drop-off information:We drop you off at your hotel sometime between 16:00-19:00 on day three, depending on weather and road conditions.‎ Contact us:If you have a question about this tour you can use the contact form here below.If you have a general inquiry(cancellations,feedback,reschedule,etc.)please click here.‎ ‎1. What should you pay extra money for during the trip?‎ A. Minibus tour. B. Glacier hiking.‎ C. Entrance fees. D. Lunch..‎ ‎2. If you want to have a boat trip,you_‎ A. can make it all year around B. don't need to pay extra money C. must buy waterproof jackets D. had better book the tickets in advance ‎3. Where does this text most probably come from?‎ A. A health newspaper. B. A science fiction.‎ C. A travel website. D. A project handbook.‎ ‎【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇应用文。介绍了一个为期三天、沿着南部海岸的旅行，以及关于旅行安排的详细信息、注意事项和联系方式等。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章中的“Not included: Food is not included on this tour except for breakfasts.”（不包含项目：本次旅行不包含除了早餐之外的食物。）可知，午餐需要额外付钱。故选D。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章中“The boat trip on the glacier lagoon is an optional extra(available in the summer months). This sells out very fast, so we recommend you book it when you arrange your tour.”（冰川泻湖上的游船是可选择的额外项目，仅在夏季提供。这个项目销售很快，因此我们建议您在安排旅行时进行预定。）可知，如果想要体验游船，最好先提前订票。故选D。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据“Our 3-day tour along the South Coast has it all! Stunning landscapes, the Golden ‎ Circle, ice caves, the Jokulsarlon Iceberg Lagoon and Northern Lights watching.”（我们沿着南部海岸进行的为期3天的旅行应有尽有！令人惊叹的景观、金色的圆圈、冰洞、Jokulsarlon冰山泻湖和北极光。）及下文的关于旅行的信息，联系方式等，可知，本文是一个关于旅行的广告，因此最可能来自旅游网站。故选C。‎ B In recent years,stressed-out people living in cities have been seeking protection in green spaces for the proven positive impacts on physical and mental health,but the benefits of"blue space"-the sea and coastline,but also rivers,lakes,canals,waterfalls,even fountains-are less well advertised, yet the science has been consistent for at least a decade:being by water is good for body and mind.‎ ‎＂Many of the processes are exactly the same as with green space-with some added benefits," says Dr Mathew White,a senior lecturer at the University of Exeter.‎ White says there are three established pathways by which the presence of water is positively related to health and happiness.First,there are the beneficial environmental factors,such as less polluted air and more sunlight.Second,people who live by water tend to be more physically active. Third-and this is where blue space seems to have an advantage over other natural environments-water has a psychological recovery effect.When you are sailing,surfing or swimming,says White,＂you're really in step with natural forces there."‎ Catherine Kelly is a wellness practitioner who teaches classes in"mindfulness by the sea”.She says the sea has a quality that can make people thoughtful.‎ ‎＂To go to the sea means letting go"says Kelly."It could be lying on a beach or somebody handing you a cocktail.For somebody else,it could be a wild,empty coast.But there is this really human sense of:'Oh, look,there's the sea-and the shoulders drop."‎ ‎4. Why are blue spaces less popular than green spaces?‎ A. Because green spaces are good to people's health.‎ B. Because little research has been done on blue spaces.‎ C. Because green spaces have more benefits than blue spaces.‎ D. Because the benefits of green spaces are better advertised.‎ ‎5. Where is blue space superior to other natural environments according to White?‎ A. Where there's water,there's fresh air.‎ B. People living near water are healthier.‎ C. Water can help people restore mental health.‎ D. The sea can make people lost in deep thought.‎ ‎6. What can we learn from the last paragraph?‎ A. The sea will bring you loneliness.‎ B. The sea will hurt your shoulder.‎ C. The sea will put you at ease.‎ D. The sea will make you feel down.‎ ‎7. What does the author mainly want to tell us?‎ A. People in cities prefer green spaces.‎ B. Blue spaces help both physically and mentally.‎ C. Green spaces have been out of date.‎ D. Ways to keep us healthy.‎ ‎【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。介绍了研究表明水对人的身体和精神健康好处以及具体有什么好处。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段“stressed-out people living in cities have been seeking protection in green spaces for the proven positive impacts on physical and mental health, but the benefits of "blue space" are less well advertised”（生活在城市的压力大的人们一直在绿色空间寻求保护，因为其对身体和精神健康的积极影响已经被证明了，但是蓝色空间的好处没有被好好地宣传。）可知，蓝色空间没有绿色空间受欢迎的原因是没有宣传好。故选D。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段“Third-and this is where blue space seems to have an advantage over other natural environments-water has a psychological recovery effect.”（第三—这似乎是蓝色空间比其他自热环境有优势—水有精神治愈的作用。）可知，据White所说，蓝色空间比其他自然环境好在水能帮助人们恢复精神健康。故选C。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容和其中的关键句“To go to the sea means letting go”（去海边意味着放下。）可以推测，大海可以使你感到放松。故选C。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。本文共五段，第一段引入话题：科学表明水对人的身体和精神有好处；后四段讲述两位学者的观点，具体说明水（蓝色空间）对人的身体和精神健康哪些好处。故选B。‎ C Kevin Randall, a teacher,who teaches biology at Grandville High School,runs the environmental club at the high school,which has around 2,000 students.The club is known as the GHS Green Team,and it aims to raise awareness among students and teachers about sustainability(持续性).It also works on projects to reduce the environmental footprint of the building itself.‎ One of the club's recent projects focused on reducing waste in the school cafeteria.Randall said their cafeteria supervisor told them that the school went through 54,000 plastic forks every year.The club applied for a financial help,built recycling centers for the cafeteria,and purchased metal silverware.‎ And now every student uses a durable metal fork or a spoon instead of disposables.(一次性用品),“and that's just one way we're trying to capture the low-hanging fruit,if you will,"Randall said.‎ The efforts of Randall and his students have earned Grandville High School the Michigan Green School certification from the state.In addition to their work reducing waste in the cafeteria, the GHS Green Team has also built a garden with flowers and vegetables on campus,and leads cleanups on site and out in the community.Over the years,Randall and his students have also been working on raising money to install solar panels(太阳能板) on the roof of the high school.‎ Randall said he was motivated to take the lead on environmental issues for his school because he wanted his students to have someone to turn to in the building who understands what's at stake(利害攸关）when it comes to climate change.‎ ‎＂And I also felt like I needed to do more in my life for my own two children at home," Randall added,"They need to know that their dad is working as hard as he can to reduce the effects of climate change,and to spread the word,and to make sure that other students out there are learning about this just the way they are at home."‎ ‎8. What is the purpose of the GHS Green Team club?‎ A. To inspire students' love for biology.‎ B. To finish the projects assigned by school.‎ C. To prepare students for their future jobs.‎ D. To promote environmental protection.‎ ‎9. What's the result of the project on school cafeteria?‎ A It has changed the outlook of the cafeteria.‎ B. Students can have more fruits in the cafeteria.‎ C. Plastic forks are no longer used in the cafeteria.‎ D. The school has become famous nationwide.‎ ‎10. What's the fourth paragraph mainly about?‎ A. The classification of the projects.‎ B. The characteristics of the club.‎ C. The activities organized by the club.‎ D. The future of the club.‎ ‎11. What was Randall's aim by doing the work on environmental issues?.‎ A. To educate the young.‎ B. To get material rewards.‎ C. To amuse his children.‎ D. To make himself famous.‎ ‎【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Kevin Randall老师在学校组织了一个环保俱乐部，带领学生进行环境保护相关的活动及成就，提高学生环境保护意识的故事。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段“it aims to raise awareness among students and teachers about sustainability(持续性).It also works on projects to reduce the environmental footprint of the building itself.”（它旨在增强学生们和老师们关于可持续发展的意识。它也致力于减少建筑本身的环境面积的项目。）可知，the GHS Green Team club的目的在于促进环境保护。故选D。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段“And now every student uses a durable metal fork or a spoon instead of disposables.(一次性用品),”（现在每个学生都使用耐用的金属餐叉或勺子，而不是一次性餐具。）可知，学校餐厅项目的结果是餐厅不再使用塑料餐具。故选C。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第四段内容，“In addition to their work reducing waste in the cafeteria,‎ ‎”、（除了他们减少餐厅废物的垃圾的工作，）“the GHS Green Team has also built a garden with flowers and vegetables on campus,”、（the GHS Green Team还在校园里建立了有鲜花和蔬菜的花园）“Randall and his students have also been working on raising money to install solar panels(太阳能板) on the roof of the high school”，（兰德尔和他的学生也一直在筹集资金为了在高中屋顶安装太阳能电池板）可知第四段的主要介绍了这个俱乐部组织的活动有哪些。故选C。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“because he wanted his students to have someone to turn to in the building who understands what's at stake(利害攸关）when it comes to climate change.”（因为他想要让他教学楼里的学生能够变成理解气候变化的利害相关的人。）可知，Randall的目的在于教育年轻人。故选A。‎ D Hybrid cars are cars that run on both petrol and electricity.They have a small standard petrol engine and a battery and electric motor to provide electric power.‎ There are some differences between different models of hybrid cars,but the general principle is that the car runs on petrol,and the electric motor kicks in when additional power is required,for example when going uphill or accelerating.In some hybrid cars the petrol engine turns itself off when not needed,for example when the car has stopped at traffic lights,keeping only the electric engine running.‎ Conventional cars have large engines to cope with driving uphill and accelerating.Most of the time,this high engine capacity is not needed,but the engine continues burning up fuel.Hybrid cars have much smaller petrol engines,boosted by electric motors when needed,so they use less petrol.‎ Hybrid cars are also lighter and aerodynamically(空气动力学的） designed for greater fuel efficiency.‎ Another way that fuel consumption is cut is by a system of"regenerative braking(刹车）＂。The electric motor is used to slow down the car,rather than conventional brakes.The energy produced by the slowing car is transformed into electrical power,which is automatically stored in the battery.In effect,the battery recharges when you brake.In conventional cars the energy produced when braking is wasted.‎ Car manufacturers and engineers have been experimenting with electric and hybrid cars since the late 19th century.In 1928 Ferdinand Porsche built an experimental hybrid car that used both an internal ‎ burning engine and electric motors.The first mass-produced hybrid car,the Toyota Prius,came out in Japan at the end of 1997.However,Hybrid cars became available in the USA only in 1999,when the Honda Insight went on sale.‎ As they use less fuel,hybrid cars are cheaper to run.There are also many initiatives in place to encourage people to buy them.In some countries,hybrid car owners pay a lower rate of tax,and don't have to pay on certain toll roads(收费公路）。In some cities around the world,hybrid cars are allowed to park for free.‎ ‎12. What can we learn from paragraph 2?‎ A. Hybrid cars don't need petrol any more.‎ B. Petrol engine and electric motor work all the way.‎ C. Hybrid cars mainly depend on electric power to run.,‎ D. Some hybrid car petrol engines will quit when unnecessary.‎ ‎13. Which is NOT the reason why hybrid cars consume less energy?‎ A. Smaller petrol engines.‎ B. Scientific design.‎ C. Conventional brakes.‎ D. Energy storage.‎ ‎14. What can we infer from the last paragraph?‎ A. Hybrid cars are cheaper to buy.‎ B. Hybrid car owners don't have to pay tax.‎ C. Hybrid car owners don't need to pay parking fee.‎ D. Hybrid cars will have a bright future.;‎ ‎15. What's the author's purpose of writing the passage?‎ A. To advertise hybrid cars.‎ B. To introduce hybrid cars.‎ C. To compare conventional cars and hybrid cars.‎ D. To inform the development of hybrid cars.‎ ‎【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。介绍了混合动力车的概念，优势，发展历史，以及各地一些关于混合动力车的政策。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段“In some hybrid cars the petrol engine turns itself off when not needed,”（在一些混合动力中，汽油发动机在不需要的时候会自己关闭。）可知，一些混合动力车汽油发动机在不必要的时候会停止运行。故选D。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据“Another way that fuel consumption is cut is by a system of “regenerative braking(刹车) ”。The electric motor is used to slow down the car, rather than conventional brakes.”（另一种减少燃料消耗的方式是通过“再生制动”系统。这个电动机是用来使车减速，而不是传统的刹车。）可知，传统的刹车不是混合动力车消耗较少的原因。故选C。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容：混合动力车使用起来花费更便宜因为它们使用更少的燃料。很多地方发出了鼓励人们购买混合动力车的倡议。在某些国家，混合动力车缴纳更少的税，并且在一些收费公路上不必支付费用。在世界各地的一些城市中，混合动力车允许免费停车。可知混合动力车有一个光明的未来。故选D。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。本篇文章主要介绍了混合动力车的概念，优势，发展历史，以及各地一些关于混合动力车的政策，可推测作者写这篇文章的目的是为了向我们介绍混合动力车。故选B。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ One truth about modern life is that nobody has any time.___16___So let's try a simple thought experiment.Imagine that you came into possession of a magical new set of technologies that could automate or promote every single part of your job.‎ ‎___17___Maybe you'd pick up a hobby,or have more children,or learn to relax and enjoy yourself in the additional leisure.But what if I told you that you wouldn't do any of those things:You would just work the exact same amount of time as before.‎ ‎___18___But there are simple reasons for this.‎ Better technology means higher expectations-and higher expectations create more work.For most of history,humans were forced to suffer from their own dirty and unpleasant substances.Most families'‎ ‎ clothes were washed twice a year.The fleet of housework technologies that came into the world suddenly between the late-19th and mid-20th century created new norms(标准）of cleanliness －for our floors,our clothes,ourselves.‎ ‎___19___Automatic washers and dryers raised our expectations for clean clothes and encouraged people to go out and buy new shirts and pants;housewives therefore had more loads of laundry to wash,dry,and fold.‎ In short,technology made it much easier to clean a house to 1890s standards.___20___They wanted a modern home-with dustless windowsills(窗台）and shiny floors-and this dustless shiny required a 40-to-50-hour workweek,even with the assistance of modern tools.‎ A. You are wasting your time.‎ B. This might seem impossible.‎ C New norms meant more work.‎ D. What would you do with the extra time?‎ E. That means you can have more time to relax.‎ F. Everybody is busy,burned out,overloaded.‎ G. But by mid-century,Americans didn't want that old house.‎ ‎【答案】16. F 17. D 18. B 19. C 20. G ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。介绍了为什么技术不断发展，人还是越来越忙的原因。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据上一句“One truth about modern life is that nobody has any time.”（关于现代生活的一个真相是没人有时间。）可推测，接下来应该讲为什么人没有时间，承接上文。故选F。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据上文内容“Imagine that you came into possession of a magical new set of technologies that could automate or promote every single part of your job.”（想象一下你拥有一套神奇的、新的、能够使你工作自动化或者促进你的工作的技术。）和下文“Maybe you'd pick up a hobby”（或许你会开始学习一个爱好。） 此空承上启下，故推测询问：这些额外的时间你会做什么。故选D。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 上文说到：假设你的工作自动化了或效率提高了，你还会和之前工作的时间一样长。此空应该表达不相信、不合理、不可能发生的意义。故选B。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据下文内容：自动洗衣机和甩干机提高了我们清洁衣服的期望，鼓励了人们购买更多的衣服，于是家庭主妇有了更多的衣服要洗，甩干，整理。再结合上文提到家务技术创造了新标准，推测此空含义为：新的标准带来了更多的工作。故选C。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据上一句：科技使清洁房子达到1890年的标准更容易了；以及下文介绍的他们想要的房子的样子。再结合文章大意，随着科技的进步，标准的提高，人的要求也随之变高。推测此空指他们不想要达到90年代标准的旧房子。故选G。‎ 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）‎ 第一节：完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ The victims were carried in one by one,their paws and fur burned,suffering from dehydration(脱 水）and fear.Their caretakers___21___their wounds,and ___22___them in baskets with the only thing that was___23___---the leaves of eucalyptus(桉树）tree.As miserable fires have.___24___more than 2 million acres in Australia,only dozens of koalas have been ___25___from the smoky trees and ___26___ ground.‎ Koalas,unlike kangaroos,birds or snakes,do not ___27___.from fires but instead climb trees to the top,where they can curl themselves into a ball for ___28___ and wait for the danger to ___29___‎ But during big firessuch as those that have burned in recent weeks,the animals are far less likely to___30___Even if the fire itself does not reach the tree___31___ ,the animals may over heat and fall to the ground,where they can be burned to death.‎ The tough situation of the koala has raised ___32___among scientists and conservationists(环保主义者）。While koalas have developed to exist alongside the wildfires,they are facing new ___33___,not just from climate change but also from human development,which has dislocated Koalas' populations,___34___their ability to survive fires.‎ We have these ___35___ animals not found anywhere else on this planet,and we are killing them. This is a big wake-up call.‎ ‎21. A. touched B. treated C. ignored D. discovered ‎22. A. threw B. locked C. laid D. forced ‎23. A. familiar B. plentiful C. beautiful D. expensive ‎24. A. reached B. left C. burned D. trapped ‎25. A. killed B. recognized C. hurt D. rescued ‎26. A. flat B. black C. broad D. safe ‎27. A. escape B. die C. suffer D. rise ‎28. A. balance B. protection C. challenge D. comfort ‎29. A. attack B. come C. pass D. avoid.‎ ‎30. A. jump B. climb C. fall D. survive ‎31. A. top B. leaves C. trunk D. root ‎32. A. passion B. concern C. fear D. interest ‎33. A. chances B. choices C. neighbors D. threats ‎34. A. weakening B. developing C. enriching D. ensuring ‎35. A. lonely B. stupid C. lazy D. unique ‎【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。讲述澳大利亚的一场大火造成许多动物受伤，其中考拉伤亡严重，这次火灾警示世人保护动物。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们的护理人员治疗它们的伤口。A. touched触摸；B. treated治疗；C. ignored忽视；D. discovered发现。由上文可知它们被火烧伤了，根据关键词caretakers，可知是对伤口进行治疗。故选B。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：把它们小心地放入带有唯一熟悉的东西—桉树的叶子的篮子里。A. threw扔；抛；B. locked锁上；C. laid（尤指轻轻地或小心地）放置，安放，D. forced强迫。它们受伤了，医护人员治疗后会小心地放入篮子里。故选C。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：把它们小心地放入带有唯一熟悉的东西—桉树的叶子的篮子里。A. familiar熟悉的；B. plentiful充足的；丰富的；C. beautiful美丽的；D. expensive昂贵的。由下文可知这些受伤的动物是考拉，故它们对桉树的叶子是熟悉的。故选A。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于悲惨的火灾在澳大利亚燃烧（范围）已经超过了两百万英亩，只有几十只考拉，从烟雾弥漫的树木中和黑色的土地上，被营救。A. reached到达；B. left离开；C. burned燃烧；D. trapped困住。由miserable fires可知是燃烧。故选C。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于悲惨的火灾在澳大利亚燃烧（范围）已经超过了两百万英亩，只有几十只考拉，从烟雾弥漫的树木中和黑色的土地上，被营救。A. killed杀死；B. recognized辨别出；C. hurt伤害；D. rescued营救。由上文护理人员治疗考拉，可知是考拉从大火中被营救。故选D。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于悲惨的火灾在澳大利亚燃烧（范围）已经超过了两百万英亩，只有几十只考拉，从烟雾弥漫的树木中和黑色的土地上，被营救。A. flat平坦的；B. black黑色的；C. broad宽阔的；D. safe安全的。由上文可知，火灾十分严重，树木烟雾弥漫，大地被烧焦，因此是黑色的。故选B。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：考拉，与袋鼠、鸟类或者蛇不同，它们不会从火中逃脱，而是爬到树顶，在那儿，它们蜷缩成一团以保护自己，然后等待危险过去。A. escape逃脱；B. die死亡；C. suffer受苦；D. rise上升。由下文可知，考拉爬到树顶保护自己，因此说它们不像袋鼠，鸟类或者蛇那样能从火灾中逃脱。故选A。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：考拉，与袋鼠、鸟类或者蛇不同，它们不会从火中逃脱，而是爬到树顶，在那儿，它们蜷缩成一团以保护自己，然后等待危险过去。A. balance平衡；B. protection保护；C. challenge挑战；D. comfort舒服。在火中，它们爬上树顶，蜷缩成一团是为了保护自己。故选B。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：考拉，与袋鼠、鸟类或者蛇不同，它们不会从火中逃脱，而是爬到树顶，在那儿，它们蜷缩成一团以保护自己，然后等待危险过去。A. attack攻击；B. come来；C. pass结束；D. avoid.避免。考拉不像袋鼠、鸟类或者蛇那样逃脱，它们只能爬上树顶，蜷缩成团，等着火灾的结束。故选C。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：动物存活的可能性很小。A. jump跳；B. climb爬；C. fall落下；D. survive存活。由下文可知，即使火没有烧到树顶，动物们也会因为过热掉落到地上，被烧死。所以是很难存活。故选D。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使大火没有烧到树顶。 A. top顶；B. leaves叶子；C. trunk树干；D. root根。由前文可知，考拉是爬到树顶躲避大火。故选A。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：考拉的艰难处境引起了科学家和环保主义者的担忧。A. passion热情；B. concern担心；C. fear害怕；D. interest兴趣。考拉的遭遇了火灾，科学家和环保主义者应该是担忧的。故选B。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管考拉从这场野火中存活下来，它们还面临新的威胁，不止是来自气候变化，也来自人类的发展，这扰乱了考拉的种群，削弱了它们从大火中存活的能力。A. chances机会；B. choices选择；C. neighbors邻居；D. threats威胁。上文提到的野火对考拉来说是生存的威胁，可知下文提到气候变化，人类发展是它们面对的新的威胁。故选D。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动名词词义辨析。句意：不止是来自气候变化，也来自人类的发展，这扰乱了考拉的种群，削弱了它们从大火中存活的能力。A. weakening减弱；B. developing发展；C. enriching使丰富；D. ensuring确保。由上文可知，人类的发展是考拉新面对的威胁，带来的是不好的影响，因此是削弱了生存的能力。故选A。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们拥有这些独一无二的、在这个星球任何其它地方都找不到的动物。A. lonely可爱的；B. stupid愚蠢的；C. lazy懒惰的；D. unique独一无二的。由下文“not found anywhere else on this planet”，可知是独一无二的。故选D。‎ 第二节：（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ About 1.4 billion people around the world do not get enough physical exercise.This number comes ___36___the United Nations' World Health Organization(WHO).A new WHO report warns that a lack of exercise ___37___(great)increases the risk of health problems.The WHO says the new study is the first___38___ (estimate)physical activity trends around the world over time.The report ‎ said the levels of physical inactivity are more than two times as high in ___39___(wealth)countries as they are in countries where people earn low wages.In richer countries,people are more likely to spend time ___40___（sit)in offices.‎ How much activity should we get?‎ To stay healthy,the report ___41___(suggest)that people do at least 150 minutes of moderate(适中的）physical activity or 75 minutes of intense physical activity every week.If you work in a high-rise office building,take the stairs instead of an elevator.Take more ___42___(break)during the work day and move around.If your workplace offers ___43___gym,make sure to use it.It also urges governments to provide and care for infrastructure(基础设施），such as better and___44___ (safe)roads.This would help support increased walking ___45___cycling for transportation,as well as sports and physical recreation.‎ ‎【答案】36. from ‎ ‎37. greatly ‎ ‎38. to estimate ‎ ‎39. wealthy ‎ ‎40. sitting ‎ ‎41. suggests ‎ ‎42. breaks 43. a ‎ ‎44. safer 45. and ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。介绍了联合国世界卫生组织的一篇报道，报道指出全球14亿人缺乏锻炼，并针对如何保持健康提出建议。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：这个数字来自联合国世界卫生组织。固定短语come from意为“来自”。故填from。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查副词。副词修饰动词，此空修饰动词increases，因此把形容词great变为副词greatly。故填greatly。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。the加序数词加to do 不定式。故填to estimate。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查形容词。形容词修饰名词作定语。此空修饰空后的名词countries，应用形容词，因此将名词wealth变成形容词wealthy。故填wealthy。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查动名词。固定短spend time doing sth.意为“花费时间做某事”。故填sitting。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查主谓一致。主语the report是单数，谓语动词suggest应用单三形式。故填suggests。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查名词复数。前面定语为more，意为更多的，后接名词复数。故填breaks。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：如果你工作的地方会提供一个运动场地。表示泛指，用不定冠词。故填a。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查形容词的比较级。and是连词，表并列关系，and前是better，形容词比较级，则and后也应该是比较级。故填safer。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查连词。句意：这将有助于支持增加步行和骑自行车的交通方式，以及体育和体育娱乐。此处walking和cycling是并列关系。故填and。‎ 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节：应用文写作（满分15分）‎ ‎46.假定你是李华，你校近期成立了“孔子思想研究”网上俱乐部（Confucianism online club).你的朋友Tom对中国文化很感兴趣，请你给他写一封邮件，邀请他加入该俱乐部。‎ 注意：1.词数80字左右；‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Tom:‎ Knowing that you are extremely keen on Chinese culture, I’m more than delighted to write to you with the intention of inviting you to join in the Confucianism online club established by our school recently.‎ The club possesses various characteristics. First of all, we hold regular sessions, studying the statements of Confucius, who has a profound influence on Chinese philosophy. What’s more, professors related are frequently invited to give speeches on Confucianism online, thus providing club members with a vast of traditional knowledge. As far as I’m concerned, the club is of great significance and help for you to gain a better understanding of Chinese culture.‎ I’d appreciate it if you could take my invitation into consideration seriously. I have the confidence that you will make great progress. Looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给朋友写一封邀请信，邀请他加入“孔子思想研究”网上俱乐部。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：明确要求。本篇书面表达要求写一封邀请信，那么根据题目要求，可把本文分为3段。第一段写写邀请信的目的和原因。第二段写“孔子思想研究”网上俱乐部的优势和加入的好处。第三段写自己希望朋友认真考虑和等待回复。‎ 第二步：列关键词。如“be keen on，with the intention of, has a profound influence on, traditional knowledge, take…into consideration，make great progress”。‎ 第三步：连词成句。根据列出的关键词造句，注意主谓一致，时态语态等语法。‎ 第四步：连句成文。注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，如“First of all，What’s more”。书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】本文逻辑清晰，语言优美。写作词汇积累可参考关键词部分。本文使用的高级句型有：非谓语动词作状语：Knowing that you are extremely keen on Chinese culture, I’m more than delighted to write to you with the intention of inviting you to join in the Confucianism online club established by our school recently.定语从句：studying the statements of Confucius, who has a profound influence on Chinese philosophy.‎ 第二节：读后续写（满分25分）‎ ‎47.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。‎ One spring morning many years ago,I had been prospecting for gold along Coho Creek.As I emerged from a forest,I froze in my tracks.No more than 20 paces away in the bog(泥塘）was a huge Alaskan timber wolf-caught in one of Trapper George's traps.‎ Old George had died the previous week of a heart attack,so the wolf was lucky.Confused and frightened at my approach,the wolf backed away,pulling hard on the trap chain.Then I noticed something else:It was a female,and her teats(奶头）were full of milk.Somewhere there was a den(窝）of hungry pups waiting for their mother.‎ From her appearance,I guessed that she had been trapped only a few days.That meant her pups were probably still alive.But I suspected that if I tried to release the wolf,she would turn aggressive and try to tear me to pieces.‎ So I decided to search for her pups instead and began to look for incoming tracks that might lead me to her den.Fortunately,there were still a few remaining patches of snow.‎ The tracks led a half mile through the forest,and I finally spotted the den.There wasn't a sound inside.Wolf pups are shy and cautious,and I didn't have much hope of tricking them outside.But I had to try.So I began copying the squeak(吱吱声）of a mother wolf calling her young.No response.A few moments, later,after I tried again,four tiny pups appeared.I extended my hands,and they tentatively(试探性地）suckled at my fingers.Perhaps hunger had helped overcome their natural fear.Then,one by one,I placed them in a bag and headed back.‎ When the mother wolf spotted me,she stood straight.Possibly picking up the scent(气味）of her young,she let out a sorrow-stricken crying.I released the pups,and they raced to her.Within seconds, they were slurping(啜食）at her belly.‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 所续写的短文的词数应为150左右；‎ ‎2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。‎ Paragraph 1:‎ What next?I wondered.‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2:‎ Four years later,I returned to Coho Creek.‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Paragraph 1‎ What next? I wondered. So tender were the pups that it was impossible for them to resist danger without mother’s protection. Hence, I made up my mind to release her. But how? A good idea occurred to me. I went back to my truck and fetched an iron bar. Using a rock as the supporting point, I unlocked the chain and set the wolf free. Realizing my rescue, the wolf kept still to cooperate. After gaining freedom, she howled at me with her head low, showing her gratitude. Then, the mother wolf led her pups to go forward, disappearing in the forest.‎ Paragraph 2‎ Four years later, I returned to Coho Creek. The previous gold searching spot had been transformed into a natural wildlife reserve. As I paced, the sound of my footsteps was accompanied only by the gracefully waving leaves. All of a sudden, a beautiful mid-sized pool came into my sight, with a group of wolves scattered around, licking water or lying on the grass leisurely. Noticing my approaching, the wolves gathered. I was seized by a strong sense of horror, my palms sweating. Meanwhile, a leading wolf came forwards, howling at me with her head low. The memory crossed my mind. It was the wolf that I saved years ago. Before long, she turned back, leading her offspring to the forest. How amazing to see them again!‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于记叙文。要求考生阅读后续写两段内容，每段第一句已给出。‎ ‎【详解】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，作者多年前的一个春天早上，在沿着Coho Creek 淘金的时候，遇到了一只被困在猎人陷阱里的还在哺乳期的母狼，于是循着踪迹找到幼崽并把幼崽送到被困的母狼身边的故事。‎ 续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：接下来怎么办呢？我想到。那么后续应该写我因为担心幼崽离开母亲保护不能存活，决定要救出被困的母狼。在保护自己的情况下，想办法用棍子解开了母狼身上的铁链。动物是有灵性的，得救的母狼向我表示感谢后，带着幼崽们离开了。第二段开头是：四年后，我又再次来到Coho Creek。因此接下来首先写，Coho Creek发生的变化，这个地方变成了一个自然野生动物保护区。在我走动的时候，我遇到了狼群，非常害怕，但是当头狼向我低头嚎叫的时候，我认出这是我之前帮助过的那只母狼，能够再次见到它们我感觉十分惊奇。‎ 注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右。‎ ‎【点睛】此范文逻辑连贯，故事完整，符合题目要求。文中的高级词汇有：made up my mind，occurred to，paced，All of a sudden，leisurely等。高级句型：非谓语动词作状语的句型较多。如：Using a rock as the supporting point, I unlocked the chain and set the wolf free. 和Realizing my rescue, the wolf kept still to cooperate.等。强调句型It was the wolf that I saved years ago.‎