专题01 冠词-3年高考2年模拟1年原创备战2017高考精品系列之英语（解析版）

专题01 冠词-3年高考2年模拟1年原创备战2017高考精品系列之英语（解析版）

‎2016版3年高考2年模拟1年原创精品系列 专题01 冠词 ‎【2017年高考命题预测】‎ 冠词是高考中的高频考点，主要以考查冠词在具体语境中的正确使用为主。预测今后考点分布在对不定冠词的考查；定冠词的考查；不用冠词的情况以及一些固定词组中冠词的正确使用。‎ 从高考命题来看，冠词考点常以单项填空、语法填空（语篇）和短文改错的形式出现，它可能把冠词的各种用法结合名词一起进行考查。‎ 建议在复习时：‎ ‎1．掌握冠词的基本用法；‎ ‎2．掌握冠词的习惯用法；‎ ‎3．在解答试题时，要从翻译的角度去做，如果能够准确地翻译出句子的意思，就能够解答此题。‎ 复习建议 ‎1. 根据知识网络将冠词的基本用法记牢，这是你做好试题的前提。‎ ‎2. 熟悉一些名词的用法，和冠词结合。有很多不可数名词，有时候被具体化的情况，也是考查的重点。‎ ‎3. 多做练习，能够提高熟悉语境的能力，很多考题是要和语境相联系起来考查的，这方面一定要重视。‎ ‎【考点定位】2017考纲解读和近几年考点分布 冠词是历年高考的必考知识点，常出现在单项选择、语法填空（语篇）和短文改错中。 虽说只有两类，共三个（不定冠词a, an和定冠词the)，但其使用规则很复杂，一直是让考生感到很头痛的一类命题。需要说明的是：在近年高考试题中，冠词主要是在语法填空的语篇中进行考查。‎ 但从整套试题来看，在短文改错、书面表达、阅读理解等题型中对冠词的隐性考查可谓无处不在。在日常交际中，几乎每说一句话、每写一篇日记、每读一篇文章都会涉及到冠词的运用。因而不论高考的考查形式如何变化，冠词仍应是高考复习的重点知识。‎ ‎ 纵观历年高考试题，冠词考点主要集中在以下内容：‎ ‎1.考查不定冠词a ，an表示个别或泛指的用法；‎ ‎2.考查定冠词the特指某一个人或事物的用法；‎ ‎3.考查不定冠词和定冠词在固定搭配中的用法；‎ ‎4.考查零冠词（即省略冠词)表示泛指及其习惯搭配用法；‎ ‎5.考查冠词在表示类别名词前的用法；‎ ‎6.考查不定冠词在具体化抽象名词前的用法；‎ ‎7.考查冠词在比较级前的用法；‎ ‎8. 考查冠词在其他特殊结构中的用法。‎ ‎【考点pk】 名师考点透析 冠词是历年高考的常考点。主要考查冠词在具体语境中的运用，考查内容包括定冠词和不定冠词的用法区别，名词前不用冠词的情况，特指与泛指以及习语中的冠词用法。‎ 考点1 不定冠词的用法 ‎1．指人或事物的某一类，这是不定冠词的基本用法 A car runs faster than a truck．小汽车比卡车跑得快。‎ ‎2．表示数量“一个”，但一般不能与one互换 Rome was not built in a day．罗马不是一天建起来的。‎ ‎3．指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物 A Mr Li is waiting for you outside．一位李先生在外面等你。(不知道那位李先生是谁)‎ ‎4．用于表示次数、速度、价格等意义的名词前，表示“每一”‎ ‎①He goes home to see his parents once a month．他每月回家一次去看父母。‎ ‎②He can gain five yuan an hour in the shop．他在这家商店每小时挣五元钱。‎ ‎5．表示三餐的名词前有形容词修饰时，用不定冠词 ‎①I only want a small supper because of cold．由于感冒晚饭我只想吃一点东西。‎ ‎②People usually have quite a good dinner on festivals．人们在过节时通常会吃一顿相当丰盛的大餐。‎ ‎6．有时在序数词前加不定冠词，表示“再……又……”‎ ‎①She invited him to come to the party a second time．她再次邀请他来参加聚会。‎ ‎②Then a third boy came to join US．接着又一个孩子加人了我们。‎ ‎7．有些物质名词以及抽象名词具体化时，可用不定冠词 a paper一份报纸；a tea一杯茶；a beauty一个美人；a surprise一件意想不到的事；a ‎ pity一件遗憾的事；an honor一个(件)光荣的人(事)‎ ‎8．不定冠词还可以用于“a most+adj’．+n．”结构，注意在此结构中没有表示可比较的范围状语，“most”相当于“very”‎ Xiamen is a most beautiful coastal city and I’11 come for a second time．厦门是个非常美丽的海滨城市，我还要再来一次。‎ ‎9．不定冠词还可以用于“a+比较级+名词”结构，与否定词连用时，表示“从来没有比这更……”，具有最高级含义 I have never spent a more worrying day．我从未有过比这更烦人的一天。‎ ‎10．用于短语搭配中 ‎(1)“have/take+a(n)+与动词同形的名词”，表示动作的一次。如：‎ have/take a rest休息一会儿 have/take a look看一下 have/take a bath洗个澡 ‎(2)“go out for a(n)+名词”，表示从事某项活动。如：‎ go out for a picnic去野餐 ‎(3)用于习惯搭配中。如：‎ come to an end结束；drop sb a line给某人写信；at a disadvantage处于不利地位；in a way从一方面说；in a word总之；in a sense就某种意义来说；with a view to为了，鉴于。‎ 典例： In order to find_______ better job ,he decided to study______second foreign language.‎ A. the;a B.a;a C.the;the D.a;the ‎【答案】B ‎【考点定位】考查冠词的用法。‎ 考点2：定冠词的用法 ‎1．特指某(些)人或某(些)事物，这是定冠词的基本用法 ‎①The books on the desk were published last month．桌子上的那些书是上个月出版的。‎ ‎②The factory I mentioned has installed a new assembly line．我提到的那家工厂已经安装了一条新的装配线。‎ ‎③We were all lost in the beauty of nature．我们都被大自然的美所陶醉。‎ ‎2．再次提到前面已出现的人或事物，表示特指 He told us a story，but 1 was not interested in the ‎ story．他给我们讲了一个故事，但我对这个故事不感兴趣。‎ ‎3．指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。‎ We went to the station to see the manager off．我们去车站为经理送行。‎ ‎4．用在某些可数名词单数前，用来指事物的整体(总称)以将其与其他事物区别开来 ‎①The telephone was invented by Bell．电话是贝尔发明的。‎ ‎②The elephant is much stronger than the horse．象比马强壮得多。‎ ‎5．用在表示某国人的名词前 the Chinese中国人；the French法国人；the English英国人；‎ the Spanish西班牙人；the Japanese日本人。‎ ‎6．某些形容词或分词前加定冠词the表示一类人(表示复数)the homeless无家可归的人；the rich富人；the poor穷人；the blind盲人；the old老年人；the young年轻人；the strong强者；‎ the weak弱者；the sick病人；the wounded伤者。‎ ‎7．在序数词前要加定冠词the(有时在序数词前加不定冠词，表示“再”“又”)‎ She lives on the twelfth floor．她住在十二楼。‎ ‎8．在形容词最高级及形容词only(唯一的)，very(正是那个)，same(同样的)等前加定冠词the ‎①This is the most interesting film I have ever seen．这是我看过的最有趣的电影。‎ ‎②He must be the only student who has ever been to the city in our class．他一定是我们班唯一去过那座城市的学生。‎ ‎③That’s the very thing I’ve been looking for．那正是我要找的东西。‎ ‎9．在表示一些独一无二的东西的名词前要用定冠词the the earth地球；the moon月亮；the sun太阳；the sky天空；the universe宇宙；the world世界；the air空中；the ground地面。‎ It is the east，and Juliet is the sun．那是东方，而朱丽叶就是太阳。‎ ‎10．用于时间、重量等单位名词之前，表示每一个单位 ‎①The boat is hired by the hour．小船按小时出租。‎ ‎②There are two or three apples to the pound．每磅有两三个苹果。‎ ‎11．在表示方位、方向的名词前用定冠词the in the east/south/west/north在东/南/西/北方；on the right/left在右/左边。‎ ‎12．在表江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、沙漠、海峡、海湾等专有名词前，要用定冠词the the Yellow River黄河；the Rhine莱茵河；the Pacific太平洋；the Red Sea红海；the Himalayas喜马拉雅山脉；the British Isles不列颠群岛；the Taiwan Strait台湾海峡；the Sahara ‎ Desert撒哈拉沙漠。‎ ‎13．用在逢“十”的数词前，指世纪的某个年代 in the 1980s/1980’s在20世纪80年代。‎ 14． 乐器名称前用定冠词the She plays the piano best in her class.她纲琴在班上弹得最好。‎ ‎1.在姓氏的复数形式前加定冠词the表示“......一家”‎ the Browns布朗一家；the Lis姓李的一家。‎ ‎2.用在“动词+sb+介词+the+身体部位的名词”这一固定结构中 ‎ hit sb in the face打某人的脸；‎ take sb by the arm hand抓住某人的胳膊手； pat sb on the shoulder 拍某人的肩； hit sb on the head打某人的头。‎ 特别提示：‎ 在该结构中，不能用物主代词替代定冠词，常用于该结构的动词有pat,strike, beat, hit, catch,put, take 等。‎ ‎3.在短语搭配中 in the end 最后；come to the point 谈到正题；on the contrary 相反；in the morning 在 早晨；in the distance 在远处；in the water 在水中；on: the subject of 关于 的主题；‎ on the air在广播。‎ 典例：The education of______young is always______hot and serious topic.‎ A. the；a B. 不填；不填 C. 不填；the D. the；不填 ‎【答案】A ‎【考点定位】考查冠词的用法。‎ 考点3 不用冠词的情况 ‎1．可数名词复数表示泛指时，以及抽象名词和物质名词表示一般概念时。‎ ‎①Where there’s smoke，there’s fire．[谚]无风不起浪。‎ ‎②Many hands make light work．[谚]人多好做事。‎ ‎2．三餐、球类运动、娱乐名称、节日、星期、月份和日期前一般不用冠词，表季节的名词前用不用the意思没有区别。‎ ‎①play football/basketball/volleyball踢足球/打篮影打排球；play chess/cards下棋/打牌；New ‎ Year’s Day元旦(“the Spring Festival春节”例外)。‎ ‎②He had nothing for breakfast this morning．他今天早上没有吃早饭。‎ 特别提示 有时在星期、月份和日期前加不定冠词，表示泛指。如：on a Monday在一个礼拜一；a very wet April一个雨水很多的四月。‎ ‎3．在学科、语言、称呼语、大部分疾病名称或表头衔的名词前，不用冠词。‎ ‎①I think physics is more interesting than maths．我认为物理比数学有趣。‎ ‎②What’s the matter，Granny?奶奶，出什么事了吗?‎ ‎③Cancer is a terrible disease．癌症是一种可怕的疾病。‎ ‎4．在turn(作“变成”解)后作表语的名词前，不用冠词 He has turned doctor．他已是名医生了。‎ ‎5．在as，though引导的倒装分句中，名词前不用冠词。‎ Child as/though Tom is，you can’t fool him．虽然汤姆是个孩子，但你不能欺骗他。‎ ‎6．在专有名词（洲名、人名、城市名、街道名、港口名、航空站名、火车站名、公园名、机关名及院校名）之前，一般不用冠词。‎ Asia亚洲；Mary玛丽；Shanghai上海；Wall Street华尔街；‎ Pearl Harbor珍珠港；Beihai Park北海公园；Beijing University北京大学。‎ ‎7．在一些固定短语中，名词前不用冠词 at night在夜里；at home在家；day after day 日复一日；by telephone打电话；in danger在危险中；on purpose故意地。‎ 典例：Mr．Peterson, headmaster of the high school, made speech at the opening ceremony of the competition.‎ ‎ A．不填；a B．不填；the C．a; 不填 D．the; 不填 ‎【答案】A ‎【考点定位】考查冠词的用法。‎ 考点4 有无冠词，意义不同 by day在白天 by the day按天计算 in case of以防 in the case of就……来说 in charge of 负责，管理 in the charge of 由……负责 in office 执政 in the office 在办公室 in sight(of)看见 in the sight(of)在 ……看来 go to sea去当水手 go to the sea到海边去 ‎ out of question 毫无疑问 out of the question 不可能 ‎ take advice征求意见 take the advice听从劝告 ‎ be of age 成年 be of all age 同龄 ‎ go to church 去做礼拜 go to the church 去教堂 ‎ in prison 坐牢 in the prison 在监狱 特别提示 当地点名词表示地点时，其前用定冠词；表示在这一地点所发生的活动时，其前不加冠词。如：‎ He went to the bed and fetched me a magazine before he went to bed. 他睡觉前到床边给我拿了本杂志。‎ 典例：George couldn’t remember when he first met Mr．Anderson，but she was sure it was Sunday because everybody was at church．‎ A． ‎/；the B．the；/ C．a；/ D．/；a ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【考点定位】考査冠词的用法。‎ ‎【三年高考】 14、15、16高考试题及其解析 ‎2016年高考试题 ‎【单项填空】‎ ‎【2016·浙江】2.______prize for the winner of the competition is ______two-week holiday in Paris.‎ A. The ; 不填 B. A ; 不填 C. A ; the D. The ; a ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析： 句意：这个比赛获胜者的奖品是一个巴黎的两个星期的假期。第一空填the，是特指“获胜者的奖品”，用定冠词，第二空是泛指“一个两周的假期”，用不定冠词a。故选A。‎ 考点：考查冠词。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 本题着重理解定冠词和不定冠词的区别，定冠词the表示特指，不定冠词a/an表示泛指；对于冠词特指和泛指的考查是历年来高考的必考点，平时的学习要多进行积累，仔细分析特指还是泛指。同时，更为重要的是要多去积累习惯表达，特殊表达，这也是近几年高考习惯考的地方。总而言之，多解题、多理解、多积累才是关键。做冠词的题目语感非常重要，平时阅读的时候，注意出现冠词的地方，体会是特指还是泛指。‎ ‎【语法填空】‎ ‎1.【2016·全国新课标II】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎ Recent 46 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 47 (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 48 while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy.‎ ‎【答案】46. studies 47. regularly 48. a ‎2.【2016·上海】(B)‎ Beyond a certain point, though , further stress will only lead to exhaustion, illness and finally a breakdown. You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself (36)_______ number of questions. ‎ ‎36. a  考查固定短语。短语a number of许多，大量；该形容词短语通常做定语修饰可数名词复数形式，本句中使用a number of修饰可数名词复数形式questions。‎ ‎【短文改错】‎ ‎1.【2016·全国新课标I】短文改错（10 分） ‎ My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time.‎ ‎7. becoming前加of 8. the →a ‎7. becoming前加of 考查介词。 固定短语: dream of 梦想做某事。 ‎ ‎8. the →a 考查冠词。 固定短语：in a short time在短时间内。‎ ‎2.【2016·全国新课标II】短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）‎ But in that case, we will learn little about world. ‎ ‎【解析】5.about后加the 考查定冠词。在英语中定冠词the通常表示特指，本句中the修饰world表示特指这个世界。‎ ‎3.【2016·全国新课标III】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself.‎ ‎53. the去掉考查冠词。at first起初，是固定词组，不需要冠词，故把the去掉。‎ ‎4.【2016·四川】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen.‎ ‎7.在in和kitchen之间加the 句意：我在厨房里做饭。此处特指在厨房里。故在in和kitchen之间加the。‎ ‎5.【2016·浙江】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ Every time he arrived home at end of the day, we’d greet her at the door.‎ ‎68.【答案】at后面加the ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析： at the end of为固定搭配，意为“在……结束的时候”。故at后面加the。‎ 考点：考查冠词 ‎2015年高考试题 一、单项填空 ‎1．[2015·四川卷] Brian is gifted in writing music；he is very likely to be ________ Beethoven.‎ A．a B．an ‎ C．the D．不填 ‎【答案】A　‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词。‎ ‎【名师点睛】考查冠词。冠词是高考英语中的难点和重点，考生在冠词试题上失分较多，主要是缺乏语感，对一些知识点掌握不够透彻。本题中首先根据Beethoven排除选项B，因为不定冠词an用于以元音音素开头的单词前。通常情况下人名前是不加冠词的，但是如果指一个像某个名人的人时，在这个人名前加不定冠词。‎ ‎2. [2015·陕西卷] ________more learned a man is，________more modest he usually becomes.‎ A. The; the B. A; a ‎ C. The; a D. A; the ‎ ‎【答案】A　‎ ‎【解析】此处冠词构成“the ＋比较级…， the ＋比较级…”句型，表示“越……就越……”。故选A。句意：一个人学的东西越多，他就会越谦虚。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词。‎ ‎【名师点睛】冠词的考查集中在the表示特指；a/an表示泛指。另外要注意冠词的一些固定搭配中冠词的使用。这里用的是：the +比较级+主谓， the +比较级+主谓的句型，学生在平时应该多积累这些包含冠词的短语和句型。‎ ‎3．[2015·浙江卷] Jane's grandmother had wanted to write ________ children's book for many years, but one thing or another always got in ________ way.‎ A．a; / B．the；the C．/; the D．a；the ‎【答案】D　‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词。‎ ‎【名师点睛】冠词的考查一直以来是一个易错点，虽然冠词只有3个(a , an, the) 但是麻雀虽小五脏俱全，考查起来往往会弄错。名词第一次出现或泛指时，冠词用a/an，，但名词的首字母是（A、E、I、O、U）发音时，用an, 如：apple, English, important, operation, unusual, 特殊的有umbrella, hour, honest用an, university, unique, usual 用 a。‎ 名词第二次出现用the；①强调特指时用the；②the + 最高级，③ the + 形容词（rich 【富人】, poor【穷人】, wounded【伤者】, dead【死者】, elderly【长者】）表某一类人 ④the+比较级（the more .. the better）⑤the +序数词 （表顺序）; 'a+ 序数词 （表“又，再”），⑥固定搭配 (in the way 挡道)。‎ 另外，也需要注意零冠词的情况。零冠词用法归纳：独一职位在某地，用作表/补/同位语；独立主格作状语，用by短语表方式；man字一词指人类，对比含义两名词；系词turn+名单数，街/路/期刊与杂志；具体意义变抽象，as/though之倒装句；人名/地名/国一词，抽象/物质不特指；桥名/单岛/单山峰，一专加一普专用词；月份/星期/节假日，学科/语言/称呼语；颜色/病名/五感觉，棋类/球类/三餐词；复数名词系泛指，固定词组惯用语；以上情况请记住，其前均用零冠词。‎ ‎4. [2015·重庆卷] I just heard________ bank where Dora works was robbed by________ gunman wearing a mask. ‎ A. the; /　　　B. a; /　　　C. the; a　　　D. a; the ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】 ‎ 试题分析：句意：我刚刚听说朵拉工作的那家银行被一个带面具的持枪人给抢劫。第一个空表示朵拉工作的那家银行，可知表示特指，用the；第二空表示一个带面具的持枪人表示泛指，用a。 ‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词。‎ ‎【名师点睛】冠词的运用要把握 a 一般表示 泛指某一类人或物，意为“任何一个，任一” 。the 表示表示特指，或有某类型的修饰。定冠词的用法口诀，特指双熟悉，上文已提及； 世上独无二，序数最高级； 某些专有名，习语及乐器 要牢记对于做题非常有帮助。‎ 二、语法填空 ‎1.[2015·全国卷Ⅱ]‎ The adobe dwellings(土坯房) 61.________(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62.________ most modern of architects and engineers.‎ ‎2.[2015·广东卷] ‎ Mr Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned __16__ farm, which looked almost abandoned ‎[解析]‎ ‎16. a　考查冠词。名词farm第一次出现，表示泛指，故填a。‎ 三、短文改错 ‎1.【2015·陕西】At a party, my coach, with a biscuit in his mouth, asked surprisingly who made them and joked.‎ ‎[解析]a改为the这里是特指第一段提到的退休聚会。a改为the。‎ ‎2. 【2015·浙江】I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning. ‎ ‎【解析】in hurry- in a hurry考查冠词 in a hurry 意为“立刻”，也是一个固定搭配。‎ ‎3.【2015·新课标全国II】A woman saw him drying and telling him to wait outside a shop. ‎ ‎【解析】a改为the 由上下文可知，此处shop是第二次出现，应该用定冠词，故a改为the。‎ ‎4.【2015·新课标全国I】Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside. ‎ ‎【解析】countryside前加the 句意：但是我想念农村的家乡。这里countryside是特指，故用定冠词the。‎ ‎2014年高考试题 一、单项填空 ‎1.【2014·重庆卷】6. I can’t tell you _______ way to the Wilsons’ because we don’t have _______ Wilson here in the village.‎ ‎ A. the; a B. a; / C. a; the D. the; /‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【考点定位】考查冠词的用法。‎ ‎2.【2014·天津卷】8. Life is like ________ ocean; Only ________strong-willed can reach the other shore.‎ A. an; the B. the; a C. the ;/ D. / ; a ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：生活就像一片海；只有那些意志坚强的人才能到达彼岸。ocean海洋，是可数名词，又是元音开头，所以用an；strong-willed是形容词，前面用the 表一类。所以选A。 ‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词。‎ ‎3.【2014·江西卷】22. They chose Tom to be ___captain of the team because they knew he was __smart leader.‎ A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：Captain后跟了个介词短语of the team作定语，表特指；后一空表类型（一个聪明的领导者），因此C选项正确。句意为“ 他们选了汤姆为这个队的队长，那是因为他们知道汤姆是个聪明的头儿。”‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词用法 ‎4.【2014·陕西卷】19. ________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town.‎ A. The; a B. A; the C. The; the D. A; a ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】试题分析：考查冠词。第一空后的名词后有where引导的定语从句，故应是特指，用the；第二空表示一个城镇，故填不定冠词a。故选A。‎ ‎【知识拓展】不定冠词的用法: 1) 表示某一类人或某事物中的任何一个,经常用在第一次提到某人或某物时,用不定冠词起介绍作用，表示一个。如：I gave him a book yesterday. 我昨天给了他一本书。2) 表示人或事物的某一种类, 强调整体, 即以其中的一个代表一类。 如：A horse is useful to mankind. 马对人类有用。3) 不定冠词用在事物的"单位"前,如时间, 速度, 价格等意义的名词之前,表示 "每一"。 如：We often go to school two times a day. 我们常常一天两次去学校。4）用在序数词前表示“再一”、“又一”。如：I want to go there a second time我想再一次去那里。5）不定冠词用来指某人某物,但不具体说明任何人或任何物。 如：A boy came to see you a moment ago. 刚才有一个小孩来找你。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词。‎ ‎5.【2014·浙江卷】2. The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days ______ week, often long into______night.‎ ‎   A. a; the                B. the; 不填          C. a; a                 D. 不填；the ‎【答案】A ‎【考点定位】考查冠词。‎ 二、语法填空 ‎1.[2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ]Now, years later, this river is one of __63__ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.‎ ‎ the　“one of＋可数名词的复数”表示“……之一”；the most outstanding 是最高级，用来修饰examples；形容词的最高级与定冠词连用。‎ ‎2.[2014·广东卷]She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on __23__ top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren't charged extra.‎ ‎23. the　考查冠词。特指“顶楼”用定冠词the。‎ 三、短文改错 ‎1.[2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ]As result, the plants are growing somewhere.‎ ‎【解析】As后加a 考查固定短语中的冠词。此处As a result意为：结果。是固定表达。‎ ‎2.[2014·陕西卷]That day I didn't learn much about animals, insects or trees, but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!‎ ‎【解析】a改成an 考查冠词的用法。此处impressive以元音开头，所以用an。‎ ‎3.[2014·浙江卷]The person who found a ticket smiled with pleasure at his success.‎ ‎【解析】a改成the 考查冠词的用法。此处ticket前面提到的ticket，故用定冠词the。‎ ‎4.[2014·新课标全国卷Ⅱ]There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings. ‎ ‎5.[2014·四川卷]Soon the firefighters will come and put out a fire.‎ ‎【解析】a改成the 考查冠词的用法。此处的fire指前面提到的fire，故用the。‎ ‎2013年高考试题 ‎1．[2013·福建卷] The “Chinese Dream” is ________ dream to improve people's well－being and ________ dream of harmony, peace and development.‎ A. the; a B. a; a C. a; the D. the; the ‎【答案】B　 ‎ ‎【解析】“a” 表示泛指或数量“一”， “the”则表特指， 意为“这个， 那个，这些，那些”。句意为： “中国梦”是一个要提高中国人民福利的梦， 一个和谐、和平和发展的梦。故两个空格均应用“a”。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词辨析和用法。‎ ‎2．[2013·江西卷] Animals are obviously ________ lower form of life than ________ man.‎ A. a ; / B. the ; the ‎ C. a ; the D. / ; /‎ ‎【答案】A　‎ ‎【解析】句意：动物很明显是比人类更低的一种生命形式。form为可数名词，在此泛指为一种生命形式，故用不定冠词；man用来泛指“人类”时，前常不加冠词。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词。‎ ‎3．[2013·山东卷] It was ________ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across ________ night sky.‎ A. 不填；a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; 不填 ‎【答案】B　‎ ‎【解析】句意：这是一个寒冷的冬天的夜晚，明亮的月光划过夜空。a cold winter night“一个寒冷的冬天的夜晚”，表示泛指；sky要用定冠词修饰。故选B。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词。‎ ‎4．[2013·陕西卷] Marco Polo is said to have sailed on ________Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in ________ thirteenth century.‎ A．the; a B．a; 不填 ‎ C．不填； the D．the; the ‎【答案】D　‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词。‎ ‎5．[2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ] Four and ________ half hours of discussion took us up to midnight，and ________ break for cheese，chocolate and tea with sugar.‎ A．a; a B. the; the ‎ C．/; the D．a; /‎ ‎【答案】A　‎ ‎【解析】句意：四个半小时的讨论一直持续到半夜，我们休息了一下，吃点奶酪、巧克力，喝点加糖的茶。four and a half hours四个半小时；后面a break表示“休息一下”。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词。‎ ‎6．[2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ] India attained ________ independence in 1947, after ________ long struggle.‎ A./; a B. the; a ‎ C. an; / D. an; the ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】此处independence是不可数名词，因此和不定冠词连用。gain independence(获得独立)或declare independence(宣布独立)是固定短语，不和冠词连用，故第一个空不填任何冠词。第二空a long struggle意为：一场长期的斗争。故A正确。句意：印度在经过一段长期的斗争之后，在1947年获得独立。‎ ‎【考点定位】本题考查冠词的用法。‎ ‎7．[2013·浙江卷] People develop ________ preference for a particular style of learning at ________ early age and these preferences affect learning. ‎ A. a; an B. a; /‎ C. /; the D. the; an ‎【答案】A　‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词。‎ ‎8．[2013·重庆卷] The parents were shocked by ________ news that their son needed ________ operation on his knee.‎ A．a; / B．the; / ‎ C．the; an D．a; an ‎【答案】C　‎ ‎【解析】第一空由于有后续同位语从句的特指说明，因此用定冠词；第二空需要的手术是首次提及，用不定冠词。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词用法。‎ ‎【两年模拟】2015、2016名校模拟题及其答案解析 ‎2016年模拟题 ‎【单项填空】‎ ‎1．【浙江省杭州市五校联盟2016届高三年级上学期第一次诊断】Life is like __________ ocean; only __________ strong-willed can reach the other shore.‎ A. an; the B. the; a C. the; / D. /; a ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】 ‎ 试题分析：句意：生活就像一片海，只有那些意志坚强的人才能到达彼岸。ocean是元音开头用an，the加形容词表示一类人，故选A。‎ 考点：考查冠词。‎ ‎2. 【浙江省温州市十校联合体2016届高三下学期期初联考】Nowadays people are more likely to go to ______ mall than visit the tailor when shopping for clothes, so tailors have adapted to _________ new reality.‎ ‎ A. the; a B. ; the C. the; the D. a; a ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎ 考点：考查冠词的用法。‎ ‎3. 【江苏省大丰市新丰中学2016届高三10月月考】The driver was at ___ loss when ____word came that he was forbidden to drive for speeding.‎ A. a; / B. a; the C. the; the D. /; /‎ ‎【答案】 A ‎ ‎【解析】 ‎ 试题分析：考查冠词。句意：当他因为超速被禁止驾驶这样的消息来的时候，司机不知所措。at a loss固定的搭配，意思是：困惑，不知所措。另外，句中地word的意思是：消息，此时word用作不可数名词，因此前面不加冠词，故A正确。‎ 考点：考查冠词 ‎ ‎4. 【浙江省金丽衢十二校2016届高三上学期第一次联考】Tu Youyou was appointed _____ head of a government project in 1969, whose winning the Nobel Prize is _____ honor for traditional Chinese medicine. ‎ A. / , an B. the , an C. a , the D. / , /‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查冠词。句意：屠呦呦在1969年被任命为一个国家工程的领导，她赢得诺贝尔奖是中国传统医药的一件荣幸的事。某个区域的最高职务前不用冠词；an honor一个荣幸的人，一件荣幸的事。故选A。‎ ‎【知识归纳】‎ 抽象名词具体化 a success一个成功的人，一件成功的事； a failure一个失败的人，一件失败的事； an honour一个荣幸的人，一个荣幸的事； have a good knowledge of 有某方面的好知识。‎ 考点：考查冠词 ‎5.【浙江省绍兴市第一中学2016届高三下学期开学回头考】Towards ___ evening after school,‎ ‎ ___ icy rain began to fall and the road became slippery.‎ ‎ A. the; an B. /; an C. an; an D. an; the ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎ 考点：考查冠词 ‎ ‎【语法填空】‎ ‎1.【山东省实验中学2016届高三上学期第三次诊断】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ In American schools there is something 61 (call) Homecoming Day. Many high schools and colleges with a football team have a homecoming game. This can be 62 (important) event of the year except graduation ceremony——students plan Homecoming Day for many weeks in advance.‎ ‎ Several days before Homecoming，students start to 63 (beautiful)decorate the school. There are signs to wish luck to the team，and many other signs to welcome the graduates. Many people still come to Homecoming twenty or thirty years 64 their graduations.‎ The members of school clubs build booths（摊位）and sell lemonade，apples and 65 (sandwiche). Some clubs help to welcome visitors. ‎ During the day people like to 1ook for teachers 66 they remember from long ago. Often they see old friends and talk about their happy years in school.‎ ‎ Everyone watches the football game. When the game is half over，the band（乐队） 67 (come) onto the field and plays school songs. Another important moment is when the Homecoming Queen or King appears. All the students vote the most popular student Homecoming Queen or King. It is 68 honour to be chosen.‎ ‎ Homecoming is a happy day but it is not perfect 69 the football team wins the game. Even if the team loses，the students still enjoy Homecoming. Some stay at the school to dance and others go to a party. For everyone it is a day worth 70 (remember).‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎61.called ‎62.the most important ‎63.beautifully ‎64.after ‎65.sandwiches ‎66.that/who/whom ‎67.comes ‎68.an ‎69.unless ‎70.remembering ‎65.sandwiches考查名词。可数名词用复数，用sandwiches。‎ ‎66.that/who/whom考查关系词。定语从句，先行词为人，用that/who/whom。‎ ‎67.comes考查动词。主语the band是第三人称单数形式，用comes。‎ ‎68.an考查冠词。Honour是元音音素开头，用an。‎ ‎69.unless考查连词。除非足球队赢得比赛，不然Homecoming日就不是完美的了，用unless。‎ ‎70.remembering考查动词。worth doing 值得做某事，用remembering。‎ 考点：考查动词、形容词、副词、连词、名词、冠词、连词等 ‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 语法填空的解题技巧 ‎ 语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力。我们在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，有把握的空格可以进行填写。在读懂的基础上，再结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析逐题解答。按题型设计分三种情况：‎ 1. 纯空格试题的解题技巧 首先分析句子结构，根据所缺成分确定哪类词。然后，根据句子意思，确定具体填什么词，或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。比如第66小题，此处考查的是that/who/whom引导的定语从句。‎ 2. 给出了动词的试题解题技巧 首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。若句子没有别的谓语动词或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系，所给动词就是谓语动词，若是谓语动词就要考虑时态和语态；若句子有谓语动词则用非谓语动词（动词不定式、现在分词、动名词和过去分词）。比如第61小题，给的是动词原形call，根据句意可知考查动词被动语态，非谓语动词，故填called。‎ 1. 词汇转换题解题技巧 这类题主要考查名词、形容词和副词。根据该词在句中所做句子成分确定用哪种形式。比如第63小题，所给词是形容词beautiful，根据句意可知用副词故填beautifully。‎ ‎2.【广东省惠州市2016届高三上学期第三次调研】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ The Chinese government has decided to end its one-child per family policy and let families have two children. A statement gives the reasons for the change, ___41___ (say) it is meant to balance population development, stop a declining birth rate and strengthen the country’s work force.‎ China ___42___ (carry)out the one-child policy in 1980. But the government permitted a small number of ___43___ (couple) to have two children. For example, some rural families were given approval to have two children if the first-born was a girl. In 2013, the government permitted other families to have two if one parent was ___44___ only child.‎ A teacher and population expert, Jiang Quanbao, explains how Chinese families will react ___45___ the policy. “Many young people in the cities are ___46___ (probable) not interested in having a second child,” he says. “People in rural villages may be ___47 __ (much) interested, but some of them are already allowed to have two children.”‎ At the end of 2014, China had a population of 1.37 billion people, a total of 800 million of ___48___ are employed. But that job market population is expected ___48___(drop) by 2050. With the two-child policy, the labor ___50___ (short) will be relieved, starting in 20 years.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎41.saying ‎42.carried ‎43.couples ‎44.an ‎ ‎45.to ‎46.probably ‎47.more ‎ ‎48.whom ‎49.to drop ‎50.shortage ‎46.probably 考查副词。副词修饰动词are。‎ ‎47.more 考查比较级。句意：农村人更感兴趣，但是他们一些人已经被允许要2个孩子了。‎ ‎48.whom 考查关系词。用whom代指1.37 billion人，在从句中做介词宾语。‎ ‎49.to drop 考查固定搭配。is expected to do 有望做到。‎ ‎50.shortage 考查名词。这里用名词作主语。‎ 考点：语法填空。‎ ‎3.【安徽省“皖南八校”2016届高三第二次联考】In the middle of April, if you walk through Jinghong, 61 capital of Xishuangbanna region in Yunnan province, 62 (chance) are that you'll get very, very wet. The Dai people will be celebrating their water-splashing（泼水）festival from April 15 t0 17, marking the new year for the Dai ethnic minority.‎ Lonely Planet, one of the world's 63 (large) travel brands, has described what happens: “People race around the streets of Jinghong and the surrounding villages, soaking（浸透）every person 64 sight with buckets of water. 65 (tradition), water would be collected and poured only on family members as a symbolic way 66 (ensure) good luck in the coming year. Dai people believe that the wetter you get, the luckier you will be.‎ ‎ Although water 67 (play)a vital role in the celebration, there is much more to the festival, especially during the first two days 68 water splashing is comparatively kept under control, according to Lonely Planet. People wear their best clothes, while older women in nearby villages ‎ ‎6 9 (dress) in traditional outfits（服装）.They gather with their families and visit Dai temples. There, they wash the statues of Buddha（佛教）with water, a practice 70 (know) as ”Bathing the Buddha".‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎56.the ‎57.chances ‎ ‎58.largest ‎59.in ‎60.Traditionally ‎ ‎61.to ensure ‎62.plays ‎63.when ‎64.are dressed ‎65.known ‎59. in 考查介词。此处是表示看得见的人，用 in sight，用in。‎ ‎60. Traditionally 考查副词。“传统来说”，用副词修饰整个句子。填Traditionally。‎ ‎61..to ensure 考查非谓语动词。way 后面用不定式结构解释内容，用to ensure。‎ ‎62.plays考查动词。通篇介绍节日，是一般现在时。主语是不可数名词，用单数，填plays。‎ ‎63.when考查连词。先行词是“前两日”，在定语从句中做时间状语，用when，故填when。‎ ‎64.are dressed考查动词。“穿着”，用be dressed in，主语是复数名词，故填are dressed。‎ ‎65.known考查非谓语动词。逗号前后没有连词，此处考查非谓语结构，“惯例”和“著名”是被动关系，故填known。‎ ‎4.【山东省德州市2016届高三上学期期末统考】It is becoming increasingly hard to avoid watching reality television in China，such as the Voice of China，China’s Got Talent，or Super Boy．In America，Big Brother 61 (broadcast)five days a week．Survivor Finale appears on the front page of the New York Post after gaining ratings(收视率)that are much 62 (high)than NBA．Americans seem addicted to reality television programs 63 ordinary people compete in ‎ weeks—long contests while being filmed 24 hours a day．But why? ‎ ‎ One of the most commonly repeated “64 (true)”about reality TV viewers is that they watch in order to talk with friends about the show，but the explanation is quite 65 (correct)．‎ ‎ In fact fans of the shows have 66 much stronger desire for status．They are much more likely to agree with statements such as “Reputation is important to me”．It represents a means to get attention．And more attention increases one’s sense of 67 (important)．We think we are important if others pay attention to us and unimportant if 68 (ignore)．‎ Ordinary people can watch the shows，see people 1ike 69 (them)and imagine that they also could become famous by being on television． 70 is the reality TV show that gives them a sense of being a star in crowd．‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎61.is broadcast(ed）‎ ‎62.higher ‎63.where ‎64.truths ‎65.incorrect ‎66.a ‎67.importance ‎68.ignored ‎69.themselves ‎70.It ‎65.incorrect考查形容词。根据句意可知此处的解释是相当不正确的，故填incorrect。‎ ‎66.a考查冠词。Have a much stringer desire表示“有一个更强的欲望”，故填a。‎ ‎67.importance考查名词。此处缺少名词，sense of importance表示“重要感”，故填importance。‎ ‎68.ignored考查动词。此处前面省略了we are，表示“被动含义”，所以应该用ignore的过去分词ignored，故填ignored。‎ ‎69.themselves考查反身代词。动词反身代词代指他们自己。故填themselves。‎ ‎70.It考查代词。此处It做形式主语引导主语从句，故填It。‎ ‎5.【黑龙江省哈尔滨市第六中学2016届高三上学期期末】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Festivals and celebrations of all kinds 61 (hold) everywhere since ancient times. Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather, 62 (plant) in spring and harvest in autumn. At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months.‎ Today's festivals have many 63_ (original), some religious , some seasonal, and some for special people or events. Some festivals are held to honor the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm. For example, the Japanese festival Obon is honored in __64 (memorize) of their ancestors. People then should go to clean graves, light lamps and play music __65 they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. In Mexico, people celebrate the Day of the Dead in early November. 66__ this important feast day, people eat food in _67_ shape of skulls and cakes with "bones" on them. They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead. The Western holiday Halloween also had _68 origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people. It is now a children's festival, __ 69 they can dress up and go to their neighbors' homes to ask for sweets. The Dragon Boat Festival in China honors the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan. India has a national festival on October 2 to honor Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India's __70__ （depend) from Britain.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎61.have been held ‎62.planting ‎63.origins ‎64.memory ‎65.because ‎66.On ‎67.the ‎68.its ‎69.when ‎70.independence ‎63.origins；考查名词。original是形容词，原始的，最初的，而这一空的前面是many（大量的），也是形容词，所以这里应该填一个名词。故填origins。‎ ‎64.memory；memorize是动词，记忆。此处的句意：纪念祖先的记忆。因此应该用名词形式。故填memory。‎ ‎65.because；根据后面半句they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth.他们认为这会引导祖先们回到地球。这是在解释前面做法的原因，前后构成因果关系。故填because。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 关于非限制性定语从句的几点建议：‎ ‎1.先行词指物时，用which引导。‎ ‎2.先行词指人时用whom引导。比如：She is my sister，who is 16。在此句中my sister是先行词，指人，故填who。‎ ‎3.整个句子做先行词用which引导。The boy is often late for class，which makes his teacher angry。‎ ‎4. 在as引导的非限制性定语从句中，连接代词as在句子中可以作主语、宾语或表语等，可以指人或物。其在定语从句中的位置比较灵活，即可以在句子 前面，在句子中间或句子末尾。常用的结构有：as we all know; as is well known to…; as is often the case; as is said/mentioned above; as has been said before; as I told you before; as is evident; as often happens; as can be seen; as is/was expected; as we expect; as I can remember等。  [注意1]as通常只指整个句子的内容，不表示部分内容。  [注意2]as引导的非限制性定语从句通常指"事先可以预料到的""料想到的"，表达"好"的方面。 ‎ This is also part of your work, as I told you before. 我曾告诉过你，这也是你工作的一部分。 ‎ As is known to all，the Great Wall is in China.众所周知，长城在中国。‎ He failed in the exam，as we had expected.他考试失败，正如我们所料到的。‎ 区别：He failed in the exam，which we had not expected. 他考试失败，这件事是我们没有料到的。‎ 考点：考查词汇和语法运用能力 ‎【短文改错】‎ ‎1.【山东省实验中学2016届高三上学期第三次诊断】短文改错（共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分）‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏子符号（∧）并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2.只允许修改10处,多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Dear Thomas,‎ ‎ I feel sorry to know your worries about getting fatter and fatter so that you have failed the sports test. Nothing can be more disappointment than that.‎ ‎ As far as I am concerned, there are many reasons cause your failure in a test. Firstly, you are very lazy to have regular sports. In fact, sports can help you keep fit and energy. Secondly, you eat too much meat, that makes you gain weight easily. Finally, you sleep more than you need. There was no denying that it is all these things that have caused your problem and your worries.‎ ‎ As I stated above, you should first eat less meat but more fruits and vegetable. And then you should have regular sports so that you can burn the fat that builds up in your body and to become slim.‎ ‎ Hope my advice is some help to you.‎ ‎ Yours sincerely,‎ ‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】‎ ‎71.disappointment→disappointing ‎72.加that/which;cause→causing ‎73.a→the ‎74.very→too ‎75.energy→energetic ‎76.that→which ‎77.was→is ‎78.vegetable→vegetables ‎79.去掉and/to ‎80.加of ‎73.a→the考查冠词。上文已经提到是体育测试了，此处特指，故用the。‎ ‎74.very→too考查副词。Too...to..结构，表示太....以至于不能....，故用too ‎75.energy→energetic考查形容词。Keep energetic保持活力，用energetic。‎ ‎76.that→which考查关系词。非限制性定语从句，故用which。‎ ‎77.was→is考查动词时态。本文使用一般现在时，用is。‎ ‎78.vegetable→vegetables考查名词。可数名词用复数，所以用vegetables。‎ ‎79.去掉and/to考查连词和介词。可以表示一个结果，也可以表示并列，但是这两者不能并存，去掉and/to。‎ ‎80.加of考查介词。Be of +名词与这个名词的形容词效果一样，加of。‎ 考点：考查了动词、介词、冠词、名词、形容词、时态等的用法 ‎【学法指导】‎ 在短文改错中常出现的错误主要有以下几类：‎ ‎1. 名词单复数用错，可数与不可数名词的混用。比如第78小题more fruits and vegetable，可数名词用复数，所以用vegetables。‎ ‎2. 动词：时态和语态，常出现在总体时态为过去或现在时，中间杂有不适的另一时态的现象；或是及物动词后无宾语，或是不及物动词后加了宾语；需要接ing形式的接了to，或相反等。比如第77小题There was no denying that，本文使用一般现在时，用is。‎ ‎3. 形容词副词：常出现需形容词的地方用了副词或相反；关系副词where， when， why等的缺失或错用。‎ ‎4. 介词：主要是介词的多余或缺失，错用 ‎5. 主谓一致性：第三人称单数漏掉s，或主语为复数，谓语动词用了单数；再就是就近原则对主语的影响。‎ ‎6. 冠词：定冠词the的多余或缺失，如季节，月份，星期，球类及三餐活动，称呼头衔前等不能加the的地方加了the。比如73小题in a test，上文已经提到是体育测试了，此处特指，故用the。‎ ‎7. 数词：主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用。‎ ‎8. 连词：不合句中的逻辑关系。如需转折连词（如but）的时候用了承接连词（so），或相反等等。‎ ‎9. 代词：主要是代词的格与数的错用。如男性用了女性代词，单数用了复数代词或相反；应当用形容词性的物主代词用了宾格，主格或相反，关系代词的错用或缺失。‎ ‎10. 常用固定短语或固定用法及句型用错，比如第80小题Hope my advice is some help to you.，Be of +名词=形容词的固定搭配使用错误，加of。‎ ‎2.【湖北省武汉市武昌区2016届高三元月调研】‎ Dear Ms. Helen,‎ I am pleasing to offer you the position of after-sales manager in our company starting on 16 June, 2016. You were given the right to discuss this offer and to seek advices on the attached proposed agreement with your family, a lawyer, or someone else you trust. Unless you want some information on your employment rights, you can also contact the Employment Service Office or visiting our website. ‎ Also, if you disagree this offer or wish to clarify something in it, please ring myself to discuss any issue you wish to raise. ‎ If you are happy with the proposed terms and wish to accept an offer of employment, please sign this letter and return it to me by 1 June, 2016. In case of I have not heard from you by that date, this offer will be automatical withdrawn. Li Hua ‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎71.pleasing---pleased ‎72.were---are ‎73.advices---advice ‎74.Unless---If ‎75.visiting--- visit ‎76.disagree后添加with ‎ ‎77.myself---me ‎78.an---the ‎79.去掉please ‎80.automatical---automatically ‎【解析】‎ ‎71.pleasing---pleased考查形容词。形容人应该用-ed形式的形容词，故改为pleased。‎ ‎72.were---are考查时态。本文是一般现在时，故改为are。‎ ‎73.advices---advice考查单复数。根据语境可知这里是单数形式的建议，故改为advice。‎ ‎74.Unless---If考查虚拟语气。这里是表示疑问性的虚拟语气，需要表示“如果”的词汇，故改为If。‎ ‎75.visiting--- visit考查动词。Or前后的动词的格式结构相同，前面是原形，后面也应是原形，故改为visit。‎ 考点：考查词汇和语法的运用。‎ ‎3.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ ‎ 增加；在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ ‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉；‎ ‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1．每句错误及其修改均仅限一词； ‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Many years before I failed the entrance exam and had to go to a ordinary college. Disappointing as I felt at the shabby campus and the poorly-equipped classroom, I found the teachers patiently to me. Besides, I enjoyed the friendly atmosphere of classroom. Later, I decided to treasure for my college time. I worked hard but got along well with my teachers and classmates. Whenever I had difficulties, they are always available. Soon, I became one of the top student in my class, that greatly increased my confidence and got me motivated. My experience tells me that it is what you are given but how you make use of it that determines who you are.‎ ‎【答案】 ‎ 81. before → ago ‎ 82. go to a → go to an 83. Disappointing → Disappointed 84. patiently → patient ‎ 85. treasure for → treasure 86. but → and 87. are → were 88. student → students 89. that → which 90. what → not what ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:‎ 81. before → ago ago 表示“从现在起若干时间以前”，常与动词一般过去式连用。而且ago只能作副词。before 表示“从过去某时起若干时间以前”，常与过去完成式连用。而before既可作副词又可作介词和连词。此处应用ago。‎ 82. ‎. go to a → go to an ordinary以元音开头，因此应用不定冠词an。‎ 83. Disappointing → Disappointed disappointed感到失望的，disappointing令人失望的，根据句意，应用disappointed。‎ 84. patiently → patient 此处形容词作补语，故改为patient。‎ ‎4.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线( )划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎    2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ After a couple of year away from my hometown, I find it has changed a lot. The old fish shop across the street has gone. There exist now a park that has a small river run through. The factory on Friendship Street has been moved out the city and a sports center is now in their place. The market at corner of Xinhua Road has been given way to a supermarket. Besides the bookstore next to my middle school was still there.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎71.year → years ‎72.has → is ‎73.exist → exists ‎74.run → running ‎75.moved out 后加of ‎76.their → its ‎77.corner前加the ‎78.been 去掉 ‎79.Besides → But ‎80.was → is ‎75.moved out 后加of 考查短语。move out of the city搬出这个城市。‎ ‎76.their → its 考查代词。its代替前面的a sports center，in one’s place 在某地。‎ ‎77.corner前加the 考查冠词，这里用the表特指。‎ ‎78.been 去掉 考查语态。句意：在新华路拐角的市场已经让位于一个超市。这里是主动的关系，所以去掉been。‎ ‎79.Besides → But 考查关系词。前后表转折关系，用but，Besides的意思是：而且。‎ ‎80.was → is 考查动词的时态。全文用一般现在时，所以用is，was是过去式。‎ 考点：语篇理解以及语法知识。‎ ‎5.【广东省惠州市2016届高三上学期第三次调研】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ My family was very poor when I was a child. My parents lost their jobs or lived with heavy pressure. As a result, I wanted to study hardly so as to have different future. During my high school life, I spent all my time studied those difficult subjects, which made me one of the best student in our school. After graduation, I was admitted in a key university where I meet a lot of interesting friends. Now, I am working in a big company and I am able to afford anything I wanted. What’s more, my parents also have been found new jobs. So I believe that our dream will came true if we try our best.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎51.or → and ‎52.hardly → hard ‎53.different future 前加a ‎ ‎54.studied → studying ‎55.student → students ‎56.in → to / into / by ‎57.meet → met ‎58.wanted →want ‎59.去掉been ‎60.came → come ‎53.different future 前加a 考查冠词。future是可数名词，这里是指一个不同的未来，用a。‎ ‎54.studied → studying 考查固定搭配。spend time doing sth. 所以用studying。‎ ‎55.student → students 考查复数名词。one of 后面用复数名词students。‎ ‎56.in → to / into / by 考查固定搭配。be admitted to/ into / by 被…..录取。‎ ‎57.meet → met 考查动词时态。本句是过去式，所以用动词的过去式met。‎ ‎58.wanted → want 考查动词时态。本句是一般现在时，所以用原形want。‎ ‎59.去掉been 考查时态语态。主语和谓语之间是主动关系，所以去掉been。‎ ‎60.came → come 考查谓语动词。will后用动词原形come。‎ 考点：短文改错。‎ ‎2015年模拟题 ‎1.【天津市河西区2015届高三下学期总复习质量调查（三）】10.—What do you think of _____gifted chemist from London?‎ ‎ — Well, sometimes his behavior is beyond ______comprehension.‎ A. a; the B. the; /‎ C. the; the D. a; /‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：第一个空用定冠词the特指那位伦敦来的天才化学家；第二个空是固定短语“beyond comprehension”意为“令人费解”，不加任何冠词，故选B。‎ 考点：考查冠词 ‎ ‎2.【陕西省西工大附中2015届高三下学期三模】17. Is this______first time you’ve flown on_______British Airways?‎ ‎ A. the;不填 B. the; a C. a; the D. 不填；a ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析： 考查冠词。句意为：这是你第一次来吗？第一个空，the fiest time 固定搭配，所以用the；第二个空后面的名词damage是抽象名词， British ，属于不可数名词，所以用a，故选A。‎ 考点：考查冠词 ‎3.【重庆市2015届高考压轴卷】2. Some people think it_________privilege to study abroad, but it doesn't make_________ sense if you go when you even cannot look after yourself.‎ A. a; the B. a; / C. the; / D. the; a ‎【答案】B 考点：考查冠词。‎ ‎4.【浙江省东阳市2015届高三5月模拟】—Excuse me, could you tell me the way to _______ Uncle John’s?‎ ‎ —Sorry, we don’t have _______ John here.‎ A. the; a B. /; / C./; a D. the; / ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查冠词。第一空：“约翰叔叔的家”，前面不用冠词。第二空：“我们这里没有一个约翰”，填不定冠词a。故选C。‎ 考点：考查冠词。‎ ‎5. 【陕西省西安市西北工业大学附属中学2015届高三下学期5月模拟】 That day I saw Mary grab the cat by ______ tail — which was _____ rather stupid thing to do.‎ ‎ A. the; a B. a; a C. a; 不填 D. the; 不填 ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：那天我看见玛丽抓着那只猫的尾巴，这样做是非常愚蠢的。 A. the定冠词，表示特指; a不定冠词，表示泛指； B. a不定冠词，表示泛指；; a不定冠词，表示泛指；C.‎ ‎ a不定冠词，表示泛指；不填 零冠词；D. the定冠词，表示特指;; 不填 零冠词。第一个空by+the+身体部位，第二个空一个非常愚蠢的做饭。用不定冠词。故选A。‎ 考点：考查冠词的用法。‎ ‎6.【2015届湖南省衡阳八中高三上学期第四次月考】21. New iPhone goes on sale on Friday with ____ bigger screen and 4G wireless technology, as _____ company seeks to keep its competitiveness.‎ A. a; the B. a; a C. the; the D. the; a ‎ ‎【答案】A 考点：考查冠词的用法。‎ ‎7.【2015届重庆市重庆一中高三上学期第二次月考】21.“____ match between these two teams was great,” said Jim, “ and I hope to see ___ second.”‎ A. A; the B. The ; / C. The; a D. A; a ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查冠词。句意：两队之间的比赛十分的精彩，我希望再次看到。第一空表示特指这场比赛，故用the。而第二个表示：又一，故选C项。‎ 考点：考查冠词的用法。‎ ‎8.【2015届重庆南开中学高三10月月考】31．Charley Oakley, ________NBA star hasn’t lost ________ game in the past three years．‎ ‎ A．a；the B．an；a C．the；a D．an；the ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】可数名词单数前+aan，a用在辅音音素之前，an用于元音音素之前。NBA star中的N发音是[æ n]，故用an,第二个空泛指a。“一场”。在过去的三年里没有输掉一场比赛。‎ 考点：考查冠词的用法。‎ ‎9.【2015届重庆市重庆一中高三上学期月考】21.“____ match between these two teams was great,” said Jim, “ and I hope to see ___ second.”‎ A. A; the B. The ; / C. The; a D. A; a ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】由介词短语between these two teams可知，此处指这两个队之间的比赛，‎ 因此第一空用定冠词The表示特指；而a second表示“又一；再一”的意思，因此答案选C。句意：“这两个队之间的比赛非常刺激，”费德勒说道“我们希望能再看一遍”。‎ 考点：考查冠词的用法。‎ ‎10.【2015届浙江省重点中学协作体高三第一次适应性测试】1. Quancheng Square is one of _____ largest in China, _____ second to Tiananmen Square.‎ A. the; the B. the: a C. /; the D. the; /‎ ‎【答案】D 考点：考查冠词的用法。‎ ‎11.【2015届四川省绵阳南山实验高中高三一诊模拟考试】1. Celia, who is on ______ holiday with her husband, wants to stay in a quiet place, taste delicious food and play _____ tennis. ‎ ‎ A. a, a B. /, / C. the, the D. /, the ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】考查冠词。句意：正在和丈夫度假的Celia想呆在安静的地方，品尝美食和打网球。On holiday 度假，play tennis打网球，故选B项。‎ 考点：考查冠词的用法。‎ ‎12.【2015届北京市重点中学高三上学期第一次月考】21. The sportsman didn’t manage to break _____ record, but it was _____ good try. 　　A. a; the　　　 B. the; a　　　 C. a; 不填 　　　D. the; 不填 ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查冠词。句意：超人没有能够打破记录，但是一次不错的尝试。打破这个纪录表示特指，故用选the；第二个空表示泛指，故选B项。‎ 考点：考查冠词的用法。‎ ‎13.【2015届浙江省温州市十校联合体（温州中学等）高三上学期期初联考】2. ---Many people don’t think much of the movie.‎ ‎ ---I think differently. In ________ way, it is a very good film. And ________ photographed scene is very beautiful.‎ ‎ A. a, a B. the, the C. a, / D. a, the ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】 解析：in a way 在某方面。第二个空特指这个拍摄的场景十分的唯美。‎ 考点：考查冠词的用法。‎ ‎14.【2015届浙江省绍兴一中高三上学期回头考试】22. What _____ pity that you couldn’t be there to receive ______ prize!‎ A. a; a B. the; a C. a; the D. a; a ‎【答案】C 考点：考查冠词的用法。‎ ‎15.【2015届浙江省“温州八校”高三返校联考】1. In _________ eyes of children, playing on the Internet can only bring them ________great fun.‎ A . the； a B.不填；a C. the；不填 D.不填；不填 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查介词。句意：在孩子们的眼中，上网玩带来的不仅仅是乐趣。In one’s eyes of 在……眼中或就……而言；fun 是 不可数名词，故选C项。‎ 考点：考查冠词的用法。‎ ‎16.【2015届江西省师大附中等五校高三第一次联考】21. Nowadays people are more likely to go to ____ mall than visit the tailor when shopping for clothes, so tailors have adapted to ____ new reality.‎ A. the; a B. /; the C. the; the D. a; a ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】两个空都表示特指，都是指人们所熟知的。第一空是the mall购物中心；第二空特指现在的事实the new reality。‎ ‎【技巧点拨】熟记冠词的各种用法，别无他法。‎ ‎【典型总结】冠词用法速记口诀 名词是秃子，常要戴帽子，‎ 可数名词单，须用a或an，‎ 辅音前用a，an在元音前，‎ 若为特指时，则须用定冠，‎ ‎ 复数不可数，泛指the不见，‎ 碰到代词时，冠词均不现。‎ ‎　　【妙语诠释】冠词是高考必考的语法知识之一，也是高考考查的主要对象。以上口诀包括的意思有：①名词在一般情况下不单用，常常要和冠词连用;②表示不确指的可数名词单数前要用不定冠词a或an，确指时要用定冠词the;③如复数名词表示泛指，名词前有this，these，my，some等时就不用冠词。‎ 考点：考查冠词的用法。‎ ‎17.【2015届浙江省重点中学协作体高考摸底测试】1. Injured in ____ hand, the man found it difficult to hold the box in ____ place.‎ A. the, / B. the, the C. / , / D. his, the ‎【答案】A 技巧点拨：牢记零冠词和定冠词用法。‎ 典型总结：零冠词的用法: 零冠词是指名词前面没有不定冠词、定冠词，也没有其他限定词的现象，零冠词的用法如下： 1）表示抽象概括意义时，不可数名词和复数名词使用零冠词，例： Books are my best friends． 书是我的好朋友。Water boils at 100℃．水在摄氏100度沸腾。 比较： The water in this river is undrinkable．这条河的水不可饮用。2）专有名词通常使用零冠词，例：Lu Xun is a great Chinese writer．鲁迅是一位伟大的中国作家。 China is a developing socialist country．中国是一个发展中的社会主义国家。 ‎ ‎3）按照习惯下列各类名词使用零冠词。①季节、月份、星期以及节假日等名词，例：Summer begins in June in this part of the country．这个地区夏天从六月份开始。 We have no classes on Sunday．星期日我们不上课。 There are a lot of people shopping at Christmas．在圣诞节有很多人购买东西。 ②三餐饭菜的名词，例： have supper 吃晚饭 ； come to dinner 去吃饭 ③语言、运动、游戏等名词，例： She speaks Chinese．她说汉语。 He plays football．他踢足球。 Let’s have ‎ a game of chess．咱俩下盘棋吧。④在某些意义有改变的名词前要使用零冠词，例：He has gone to school．（to learn） 他去上学了。 They are in church just now．（to worship） 现在他们在做礼拜。 同样， in hospital是“住院（治疗）”，in prison是“服刑”，等等。 注意：如果在这类名词前加冠词，则表示去那里干与之无关的事，例： go to the school可理解为去学校看望人，而不是“学习”。 4）在表示职位、头衔、身份等名词前，例： Professor Wang 王教授；Doctor Tompson 汤普生医生； President Lincoln 林肯总统。‎ 考点：考查冠词的用法。‎ ‎18.【 安徽省“淮南一中 蒙城一中 颍上一中 怀远一中”四校2015届高三5月联考】 Lily didn’t remember the exact date of the storm, but she knew it was ________Sunday,‎ ‎ because she was at _____ church.‎ ‎ A. a; the B. a ; / C. the; a D. the; /‎ ‎【答案】B 考点：考查冠词 ‎19.【安徽省淮南第二中学2015届高三第三次模拟】Chinese Premier Li Keqiang paid ______ official visit to Russia, with ______ series of deals ranging from energy to people-to-people exchanges expected to be signed．‎ A. /; a B. an; the C. an; a D. /; /‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：C考察冠词。official的第一个音发的是元音，所以用冠词an，a series of固定搭配，意思是一系列的……，句意：中国总理李克强对俄罗斯进行了正式访问，带着一系列从能源到人员交流的处理签字。‎ 故选C。 ‎ 考点：考查冠词辨析。‎ ‎20.【天津市2015届高考压轴】The sportsman didn’t manage to break _____ record, but it was _____ good try.‎ ‎　A. a; the　　　 B. the; a　　　 C. a; 不填 　　　D. the; 不填 ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：B考察冠词。句意：那个运动员没有想设法打破纪录，但这是一个很好的尝试。由句意知第一空提到的纪录是彼此都知晓的，故用the；而第二空则是泛指，a good try意思是一次很好的尝试。故选B。‎ 考点：考查冠词辨析。‎ ‎【一年原创】 原创试题及其解析 ‎1. China and Malaysia, two neighbors facing each other across _______ sea, enjoy _______ time-honored friendship.‎ A. the; / B. the; a C. a; / D. a; the ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【考点】考查冠词 ‎2. I am delighted to come to ________ National University of Singapore and talk to you as _______ guest speaker of Singapore Lecture.‎ A. the; a B. a; he C. /; the D. a; a ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：很高兴来到新加坡国立大学，并利用“新加坡讲座”这个平台，同各位同学和各界朋友见面。根据句意可以判断，第一空用the表示特指，第二空用a表泛指。 故选A。‎ 考点：考查冠词的用法 ‎ ‎3. Tu Youyou has become the first Chinese woman scientist to win _______ 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, for her work in helping to create ________ anti-malaria medicine.‎ A. the; an B. a; 不填 C. a; an D. a; the ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：屠呦呦由于其在抗疟疾药物领域的贡献，成为首位获得2015诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的中国女科学家。第一空用the特指2015年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖；第二空用不定冠词an（用于元音音素开头的名词前）。因此选A项。‎ 考点：冠词辨析 ‎4. It looks like _______ weather is taking a turn for _______ worse. We had better cancel the trip to the mountains.‎ A. the; the B.不填; the C. the; 不填 D.不填; 不填 ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：看上去天气变得更糟糕了。我们最好取消去大山的旅行。第一空特指当前的“天气”，故用定冠词the。第二空为固定短语，take a turn for the worse“恶化，变得糟糕” ，为固定短语，第二空填the。因此选A项。‎ 考点：冠词辨析 ‎5. _______ Erhu, _______ well-known Chinese traditional musical instrument, was played at the school concert last night.‎ A. The; the B. 不填;a C. The; a D.不填; the ‎【答案】B 考点：冠词辨析 ‎6.Instead of winning ___ gold medal as had been expected, this world record holder only came ____ fifth in the game.‎ A. a; the B. a; / C. the; the D.the; /‎ ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：没有像预期那样获得金牌，这个世界记录的持有者在比赛中获得第五名。第一空填the，特指金牌，第二空不填，fifth这里是副词，所以选D。‎ 考点：考查冠词 ‎7. --Have you passed ______ P.E. test?‎ ‎ --I have tried third times, and the teacher will allow me to have _____ forth try.‎ ‎ A. the; a B. a; the C. the; 不填 D. the; the ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查冠词。句意：--你通过体育测试了吗？--我试了三次，老师允许我再试一次。第一空填the，特指体育测试；第二空填a，a+序数词，指“再一次”，故选A。‎ 考点：考查冠词 ‎8.________ strong earthquake struck eastern Nepal _________ this Tuesday.‎ ‎ A. A; / B. The; /‎ ‎ C. An; / D. The; the ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：这周二尼泊尔南部发生了一次强震。泛指“一次强震”用不定冠词；当名词前有this修饰时，前面不用冠词，例：this year，故选A。‎ 考点: 考查冠词 ‎9. Purchasing _______houses that are environmentally responsible is _______good investment for anyone concerned about their own health and well-being of the earth.‎ A. /; a B. the; the C. /; the D.the; /‎ ‎【答案】A 考点：考查冠词 ‎10.By 2030, when _______ number of consumers worldwide has reached 4.2 billion, people with_______ high income will be, for the first time, more than those struggling to meet basic needs.‎ A. a; the B. a; / C. the; the D.the; /‎ ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：到2030年，当全世界的消费者的数量达到42亿，高收入的人将第一次超过努力达到基本需求的人。第一空填the，the number of……的数量，第二空不填，high income高收入，所以选D。‎ 考点：考查冠词 ‎11.The movie Dearest directed by Peter Chan, brought in over 0.3 billion yuan in 2014, which was ________ new height in ________ director’s career.‎ ‎ A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; the ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：不定冠词a/an表示泛指，意为“一个，某个”；定冠词the表示特指，意为“那个，这个”，或指双方都知道的人或物。一个新的高度，即a new height，是泛指；特指电影《亲爱的》的导演，用定冠词the，故选B。‎ 考点：考查冠词用法 ‎12. _________ persons from all walks of life are trying their best to make ________ better ZheJiang.‎ ‎ A. the; a B. the; / C. /; the D. /; a ‎【答案】D 考点：冠词用法 ‎13._________global village has indeed sprung up among ____teenage generation，who share common values and attitudes．‎ ‎ A. The；the B. The；a C. The；/ D. A；the ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：地球村确实在青少年一代中涌现出来，在这里他们分享共同的价值观和人生态度。第一空填a，泛指一个地球村， 第二空填the， 特指青年一代，根据句意选D。‎ 考点：考查冠词 ‎14. An accident happened at ________ supermarket a few meters away from ________ park.‎ ‎ A. a; a B. /; a C. /; the D. the; /‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：一件意外事故发生在离某一公园几米处的一家超市。此题表明是一件传说的事，不知事件的详细情况，所以表泛指。此句含有三个不定冠词，因此理解本句对不定冠词的用法极有帮助。‎ 考点：此题考查不定冠词的用法。‎ ‎15.Besides the others ,there was still ___third one who said he was ___second to reach the end .‎ ‎ A. the; the B. the; a C. a; a D. a; the ‎ ‎16.— Have you heard of ________ death of Steven Jobs? ‎ ‎— Yes. It must be________ shock to Apple fans. ‎ A. the; the B. a; the C. the; a D. a; /‎ ‎17. One way to understand thousands of new words in gain _____good knowledge of basic word formation. ‎ A. / B. the C. a D. one ‎18．Our responsibility is weightier than ______Mount Tai, and our road ahead is _______ long ‎ one．‎ ‎ A．the；不填 B．a；the C．a；不填 D．不填；a ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析: 句意：我们的责任重于泰山，我们有很长的路要走。第一个空是特指泰山，用大写时，不用冠词；第二空泛指“一条很长的路”，答案选D。‎ 考点：考查冠词用法。‎ ‎19. During the long course of history, the Chinese people have, working with diligence, bravery and wisdom, created _________ beautiful homeland where all ethnic groups live in harmony, and developed _______ great culture.‎ ‎ A. a, a B. /, the C. /, a D. a, the ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：在过去漫长的历史中，中国人民用勤劳、勇敢和智慧创造了一个各民族和谐相处的一个美丽家园，培育了一种伟大文化。第一空填a，指“一个美丽家园”，第二空填a，指“一种文化”，这是抽象名词具体化。所以选A。‎ 考点：考查冠词 ‎20．In my view, realizing ______ great renewal of the Chinese nation is _______ Chinese nation's greatest dream in modern history.‎ ‎ A．the；the B．a；the C．a；不填 D．the；a ‎【答案】A 考点：考查冠词用法。‎ ‎21．We are greatly encouraged by ______ great expectation the people of all ethnic groups in China have of us, and we are aware that this is also ______ important responsibility for us.‎ ‎ A． a, the B． the;an C． the, the D． a:/‎ ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：第一空填the，特指“全国各族人民对我们的伟大期望”，第二空填an，泛指“这是一种重要的责任”，抽象名词具体化。所以选B。‎ 考点：考查冠词 ‎22. On behalf of _______ Chinese government, I wish to extend warm congratulations on the opening of the annual conference and ________ hearty welcome to all forum participants.‎ ‎ A. a, a B. /, the C. the, a D. a, the ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：，我代表中国政府，对年会的召开表示热烈的祝贺！对远道而来的嘉宾表示诚挚的欢迎！第一空填the，特指“中国政府”，第二空填a，指“一次具体的欢迎活动”，这是抽象名词具体化。所以选C 考点：考查冠词 ‎23．It is _____ great pleasure for me to come to ______ College of Europe and meet with faculty members and students.‎ ‎ A．the；the B．a；the C．a；不填 D．the；a ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析: 句意：很高兴来到欧洲学院同大家见面。第一个空抽象名词具体化，用不定冠词；第二空特指“欧洲学院”，前加the，答案选B。‎ 考点：考查冠词用法。‎ ‎24．Today, after more than 50 years of development, the College of Europe has not only served as ______ important think tank for the European Union but also become_____cradle of political elites of Europe.‎ ‎ A． an, the B． the;an C． the, the D． an；/‎ ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：经过半个多世纪发展，欧洲学院不仅成为欧盟的重要智库，而且成为“欧洲政治精英的摇篮”。第一空填an，泛指“一个重要智库”，第二空填the，特指“欧洲政治精英的摇篮”。所以选A。‎ 考点：考查冠词 ‎25．As we all know，____life is hard for any of us. If we live___ happy life，we must all work harder. ‎ A．／：／ B．／；a C．a；／ D．a；a