2017届高考英语（外研版）一轮教师文档讲义：选修6-Module+6+War+and+Peace

2017届高考英语（外研版）一轮教师文档讲义：选修6-Module+6+War+and+Peace

‎ [话题素材]‎ 好词 ‎1．peaceloving adj. 爱好和平的 2.disaster n. 灾难 ‎3．conflict n. 冲突 4.sorrow n. 痛苦 ‎5．unite v. 联合 6.lose_one's_life 丧生 ‎7．in a way 在某种程度上 ‎8．devote...to... 把……奉献于……；致力于……‎ ‎9．for the benefit of 为了……的利益 ‎10．not_only...but_also... 不但……而且……‎ ‎11．as a result of 作为……的结果 ‎12．adapt_oneself_to the development of society 适应社会发展 ‎13．cause_wide_public_concern/draw_public_attention 引起广泛的公众关注 ‎14．have harmful effects on 对……产生有害影响 ‎15．make joint efforts 做出共同努力 佳句 ‎1．In_view_of the seriousness of this problem, effective_measures_should_be_taken before things get worse.‎ 考虑到问题的严重性，在事态进一步恶化之前，必须采取有效的措施。‎ ‎2．Thousands and thousands of lives involved_in_wars will be lost and a_large_amount_of_money wasted.‎ 被卷入战争的成千上万人的生命将会失去，大量的钱财会被浪费掉。‎ ‎3．To_sum_up,_so_long_as war is unavoidable, human beings cannot enjoy lasting peace.‎ 总之，只要战争不可避免，人类就无法享有长久的和平。‎ ‎4．This issue has caused_wide_public_concern.‎ 这个问题已经引起了公众的广泛关注。‎ ‎[精美语篇]‎ In spite of the fact that people all over the world love peace, conflicts and wars still exist in many parts of the world. Some strong and rich countries invade other countries for the benefit of their own, ignoring the sorrow and danger of the local people.‎ It is known that not only soldiers but also ordinary people lost their lives in wars, so all peaceloving people should unite to defend peace and condemn those who launch wars. What's more, we should do all we can to provide help to those who are involved in wars.‎ Now that violence and wars can only bring people hunger, death and poverty, we should devote ourselves to defending peace.‎ ‎ 高频单词 ‎1．drop (v.& n．) 投下，扔下 ‎2．shocked (adj.) (感到)震惊的，惊骇的 ‎3．eventually (adv.) 最后，最终 ‎4．overlook (v.) 俯视，往下看 ‎5．rescue (v.) 营救，拯救 ‎6．mess (n.) 混乱的局面→messy (adj.)乱的 ‎7．despite (prep.) 不管，不顾 ‎8．abandon (v.) 放弃，抛弃→abandoned (adj.) 被抛弃的 ‎9．drown (v.) 淹死，使溺死→drowning (adj.) 快淹死的→drowned (adj.) 已淹死的 ‎10．last (v.) 持续→lastly (adv.) 最后→latest (adj.) 最近的，最新的→lasting (adj.) 持久的，耐久的 ‎11．occupy (v.) 占领→occupation (n.) 占领；职业→occupied (adj.) 已占用的；在使用的 ‎12．senseless (adj.) 无意义的，欠思考的→sense (n.) 感觉；意义→sensible (adj.) 通晓事理的，明智的→sensibly (adv.) 明智地 ‎13．nationality (n.) 国籍→national (adj.) 国家的→nation (n.) 国家 ‎14．worthwhile (adj.) 值得做的，有价值的，有用的→worth (adj.) 值……钱；值得的→worthy (adj.) 有价值的；值得……的；可敬的 ‎15．encourage (v.) 鼓舞，鼓励→encouragement (n.) 鼓励→encouraging (adj.) 令人鼓舞的→courage (n.) 勇气→encouraged (adj.) 受到鼓舞的 ‎ 重点短语 ‎1．declare_war_on 向……宣战 ‎2．pick_up 停下来让某人搭车(船等)；救起 ‎3．make_a_breakthrough 取得重大突破(进展)‎ ‎4．be_involved_in 被卷入，陷入 ‎5．to_one's_astonishment 令某人惊讶的是 ‎6．in_the_face_of 面对 ‎7．drink_to 为……干杯，祝酒 ‎8．in_return 反过来，作为交换 ‎9．in_view 在视野中 ‎10．keep_in_shape 保持原形 ‎ 热点句型 ‎1．before引导时间状语从句，表示“还没来得及……就……”‎ The operation was extremely dangerous and many soldiers were killed before they even got ‎ off the boats.(教材P72)‎ 这次登陆行动特别危险，许多士兵甚至还没来得及下船就被杀死了。‎ ‎2．if条件句中对过去的虚拟，从句用过去完成时表示，主句用could/would/might/should＋ have done If they had reached the beach, they would_probably_have_been_killed.(教材P73)‎ 如果他们到达沙滩，他们有可能早就被杀死了。‎ ‎3．exhausted and shocked为过去分词短语作状语 The survivors lay on the beach, exhausted_and_shocked.(教材P73)‎ 死里逃生的战士躺在海滩上，疲惫不堪，心有余悸。‎ ‎4．from where...引导的定语从句 The cemetery and memorial are situated on a cliff overlooking the beach and the English Channel, from_where the boats attempted their landings.(教材P73)‎ 墓地和纪念碑坐落在一处悬崖之上，从那里可以俯瞰海滩和英吉利海峡，当时一艘艘船只就试图从那里登陆。‎ ‎5．too＋ adj. ＋ to do. “太……而不能……”‎ I was too ashamed to admit that I was too young to have a girlfriend.(教材P79)‎ 我非常害羞地承认我太年轻还没有女朋友。‎ ‎ 教材复现 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1．You cannot prevent and prepare ________ war at the same time.‎ 答案：for ‎2．More than 5,000 ships crossed the English Channel, ________ (carry) 130,000 troops to the French coast.‎ 答案：carrying ‎3．The operation was ________ (extreme) dangerous and many soldiers were killed before they even got off the boats.‎ 答案：extremely ‎4．Twenty men ________ (fall) into the water and were picked up by other boats.‎ 答案：fell ‎5．If they ________ (reach) the beach, they would probably have been killed.‎ 答案：had reached ‎6．After an hour and fortyfive minutes, six of the ________ (survive) tried to climb up the cliff to get off the beach.‎ 答案：survivors ‎7．It was so sudden, after the mess and confusion of war ________ the beach.‎ 答案：on ‎8．Some of our boys had never tasted wine ________， and spat it out, thinking it was vinegar.‎ 答案：before ‎9．I was too ashamed to admit ________ I was too young to have a girlfriend.‎ 答案：that ‎10．But I also remembered my friends ________ had died earlier that day, and wondered if they would have agreed.‎ 答案：who ‎1　　occupy　v．占领，占据；占，占用 During the war, Germany occupied many countries, including France.(P72)‎ 战争期间，德国占领了很多国家，包括法国。‎ ‎(1)occupy oneself in doing_sth./with sth. 忙着做某事；忙于做某事 occupy one's mind/thoughts/attention 占据某人的头脑/思维/注意力 ‎(2)occupied adj. 被占领的，忙于 be occupied in doing sth./with sth. 忙着做某事；忙于做某事 keep sb. occupied 使某人忙碌 ‎(3)occupation n. 职业；占领 by occupation 职业上 under occupation 在占领之下 ‎①[2014·江西高考，阅读理解]They often occupy a very wide area, with mountains and rivers.‎ 它们经常占领一块儿有山有河流的野外区域。‎ ‎②[2014·安徽高考，完形填空]Later I went to a café to have lunch, but all the tables were_occupied.‎ 后来，我去了一家小餐厅吃午饭，但是所有的桌子都被占满了。‎ ‎③[2013·山东高考]I was_so_occupied_with going over my lessons for my final exam.‎ 我忙于为期末考试复习功课。‎ ‎④[人教⑤－4]What do you imagine will be your future occupation?‎ 你认为自己将来会从事什么职业呢？‎ ‎⑤[牛津词典]She occupied_herself_with routine office tasks.‎ 她忙于办公室的日常工作。‎ ‎2　　worthwhile　adj.值得做的，有价值的，有用的 But the villagers treated us like heroes, and for a brief moment, I felt that all the fear and danger had been worthwhile.(P79)‎ 但村民们把我们当成英雄来对待，一时间，我感到所有的恐惧和危险是值得的。‎ ‎(1)worthwhile adj.值得的，有价值的，有用的 It is worthwhile doing/to_do sth.做某事是值得的 ‎(2)worth n. 价值，财产 adj.值钱的，值的 sth. is worth money 某物值多少钱 sth. is (well)_worth_doing sth. 某事(很)值得做 ‎(3)worthy adj.有价值的，值得的，可敬的 be worthy of sth.值得 be worthy 值得做的 ‎①[2014·重庆高考，阅读理解D]It is worthwhile to study the animals in Corbett.‎ 在Corbett研究动物是值得的。‎ ‎②[2014·重庆高考阅读]It is interesting and worth trying.‎ 这很有趣并且值得尝试。‎ ‎③[牛津词典]This idea is well_worth considering.‎ 这个想法很值得考虑。‎ ‎3　　encourage　vt.鼓舞，鼓励 But Churchill encouraged people that this was only a temporary defeat...(P81)‎ 但是邱吉尔鼓励人们说这只是一次暂时的失败。‎ ‎(1)encourage sb. to_do 鼓励某人做……‎ ‎(2)encouragement n. 鼓励 a few words of encouragement 几句激励的话 a great encouragement to sb. 对某人来说是极大的鼓舞 ‎(3)encouraging adj.令人鼓舞的 be encouraged by... 受到……的鼓励 ‎①[2015·课标全国卷Ⅱ]Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating, for people are often less self－conscious (难为情)．‎ 黑暗的环境更可能激发过量饮食，因为这时人们不那么难为情。‎ ‎②[2014·安徽高考，阅读理解E]This association, founded by Bill Drayton, has fought poverty (贫穷)and sickness, promoted education and encouraged small business.‎ 由贝尔建立的这个协会已经与贫穷和疾病做斗争，促进教育也鼓励小型企业的发展。‎ ‎③[人教④－1]Her work encouraged many other women to_become doctors.‎ 她的工作激励了许多其他女性成为医生。‎ ‎④[人教⑧－3]With her encouragement,_I decide to seize the opportunity.‎ 在她的鼓励下，我决定抓住这次机会。‎ ‎⑤[牛津词典]Her words were a great encouragement_to them.‎ 她的话对他们是极大的鼓舞。‎ ‎4　　despite　prep.不管，尽管，不顾 The UN couldn't stop a terrible civil war in the African state of Rwanda in 1995, despite warnings of the dangers from nearby states.(P83)‎ ‎1995年联合国没能制止非洲国家卢旺达境内的严重内战，尽管周边国家发出了危险警告。‎ ‎(1)despite＝in spite of 尽管 despite/in spite of＋名词/代词/动名词＝though/although＋句子 尽管……‎ despite/in spite of the_fact_that... 尽管事实如此 ‎(2)regardless of 不管；不顾 ‎①[2014·湖南高考，阅读理解]Yet, despite these benefits, many of us return home with a feeling that our last vacation was OK－but not great.‎ 然而，尽管有这些好处，但我们好多人还是带着这种上次假不错但不是很好的感觉回家。‎ ‎②[2014·陕西高考，阅读理解C]In spite of all these differences, evidence shows that recent life style changes may be affecting French eating habits.‎ 虽然有这些不同，证据显示最近生活方式的变化或许正影响着法国的饮食习惯。‎ ‎③[2014·湖北高考，阅读理解]In effect, despite being made aware of what to do, they were still too shy to do what the experienced baboon (狒狒) did.‎ 实际上，尽管让它们知道要做什么，它们还是太害羞以至于不会去做有经验的狒狒做的事。‎ ‎④[朗文高级辞典]She went to Spain despite the fact that her doctor had told her to rest.‎ 尽管医生叫她休息，她还是去了西班牙。‎ ‎,过关演练在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式 ‎1．[2014·江西高考]It is unbelievable that Mr Lucas leads a simple life ________ his great wealth.‎ 答案：despite ‎2．[2014·四川高考]Mom and Dad were ________ (occupy) in the garden and Dad told the police to keep me, and they did.‎ 答案：occupied ‎3．[2014·江苏高考阅读]Study groups and class projects are examples of positive peer groups that ________ (encouragement) people to better themselves.‎ 答案：encourage ‎4．It is worthwhile ________ (read) the book.‎ 答案：to read/reading ‎5．[2015·广东高考]He owned a farm, which looked almost ________ (abandon)．‎ 答案：abandoned ‎6．Some soldiers were killed and some got seriously ________ (wound) in the battle.‎ 答案：wounded ‎7．Parents often make ________ (sacrifice) for their children.‎ 答案：sacrifices ‎8．We are not only ________ (shock) at the terrible working conditions, but also moved by the worker's spirit.‎ 答案：shocked ‎9．[2015·北京高考]The park was full of people, ________ (enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.‎ 答案：enjoying ‎10．[2015·陕西高考]Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa, Dr Lee was very happy to see his mother ________ (take) good care of at home.‎ 答案：taken ‎1　　pick up 搭救，救起 Twenty men fell into the water and were picked up by other boats.(P73)‎ 二十人掉到水里，被其他船只救上来。‎ ‎(1)pick up还有以下常用意义：捡起；拿起(某物)；(在无线电中)收听；接收；(用车)接人，取物；收拾；整理；(偶然)学会；听到；买到；改善，好转；染上病 ‎(2)pick out 挑选出来 pick and choose 东挑西捡 ‎①[2014·山东高考，阅读理解A]Peter drove to Ann's house to pick_up_his_dog.‎ Peter开车到Ann家领回了他的狗。‎ ‎②[2013·陕西高考]Could you pick_me_up?‎ 你能接我吗？‎ ‎③[北师大③－9]I've got to pick_up my daughter from school at four o'clock.‎ 我四点钟得去学校接女儿。‎ ‎④[牛津词典]You have to take any job you can get—you can't pick_and_choose.‎ 你只能有什么工作就干什么，不能挑三拣四了。‎ ‎⑤[朗文高级辞典]Mary watched the other dancers to see if she could pick_up any tips.‎ 玛丽观察其他跳舞的人，看能否学到什么窍门。‎ 过关演练 选词填空 think about; to one's astonishment; pick up; refer to; mess up; be occupied with; make a breakthrough; rescue...from...‎ ‎1．They've ________ a really nasty infection from something they've eaten.‎ 答案：picked up ‎2．They told us not to ________ the room.‎ 答案：mess up ‎3．________， they should have finished that task in such a short time.‎ 答案：To my astonishment ‎4．Although he didn't mention any names, everyone knew who he was ________.‎ 答案：referring to ‎5．Chinese scientists have ________ in the aerospace.‎ 答案：made a breakthrough ‎6．The brave fire fighter ________ three children ________ the burning building yesterday.‎ 答案：rescused; from ‎7．Linda ________ the work of redecorating her house.‎ 答案：was occupied with ‎8．[2015·北京高考]He ________ all of the survival shows he had watched on TV.‎ 答案：thought about ‎1　　The operation was extremely dangerous and many soldiers were killed before they even got off the boats.(P72)‎ 这次登陆行动异常危险，许多士兵甚至还没来得及下船就牺牲了。‎ 本句中，before引导时间状语从句，表示“还没有来得及……就……”。‎ ‎(1)before可作介词/连词，在句中的译法非常灵活。常见句式有：‎ ‎①It was＋时间段＋before＋句子(用过去式)　过了多久才……‎ ‎②It was not_long before＋句子(用过去式)　不久就……‎ ‎③It will (not) be＋时间段＋before＋句子(一般现在时)　要(没)过多久后……才(就会)……‎ ‎(2)It is (has been)＋时间段＋since＋过去式 自从……到现在多久了 ‎(3)It is/was＋时间点＋when＋句子 ‎……的时候是……点 ‎(4)It is/was ＋介词＋时间点＋that＋句子 是强调句式 ‎①[2015·重庆高考]If you miss this chance, it may be years before you get another one.‎ 如果你错过这次机会，可能过很多年才能再有一次机会。‎ ‎②[2014·江西高考]It was the middle of the night when my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.‎ 半夜，我的父亲把我叫醒并告诉我来看足球赛。‎ ‎③[牛津词典]It was some time before I realized the truth.‎ 过了很长一段时间我才悟出真相。‎ 过关演练 完成句子 ‎1．It wasn't long ________________.‎ 没过多久他就回来了。‎ 答案：before he came back ‎2．As far as I know, ____________ he joined the army.‎ 据我所知，他参军五年了。‎ 答案：it is five years since ‎3．[2015·四川高考]There is only one more day to go ________ your favorite music group play live.‎ 在你最喜欢的乐队现场演出之前仅有一天的时间了。‎ 答案：before ‎4．It was 8：00 yesterday evening ______________.‎ 昨天晚上我回来时是八点。‎ 答案：when I came back ‎5．It was in 1998 ______________.‎ 正是在1998年我才开始工作的。‎ 答案：that I began to work 虚拟语气(2)‎ 在if引导的非真实条件句中，表示与过去事实相反的情况。‎ 形式 条件从句 had＋done 主句 would/could/might/should have done 完成句子 ‎1．If they had_reached the beach, they would have been killed.‎ 要是他们抵达海滩就很可能没命了。‎ 此类虚拟语气句型中需注意以下几点：‎ ‎①当主句的主语是第一人称时，也可以用should代替would。‎ 完成句子 ‎2．If I had time, I should/would_help him.‎ 我要是有时间，就会帮助他。‎ ‎②有时，用without, but for, otherwise等代替if从句的虚拟语气。‎ 完成句子 ‎3．But for your help, I couldn't_have_finished the task on time.‎ 要不是你的帮忙，我不可能按时完成任务的。‎ ‎③有时条件从句同主句的谓语动词的动作发生的时间不一致，这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。‎ 完成句子 ‎4．[2013·天津高考]If he had_spent more time practicing speaking English before, he would_be_able_to_speak it much better now.‎ 如果以前他花更多的时间练习英语，他现在能说得好得多。‎ ‎(从句动作指过去，主句动作指现在)‎ ‎④省略if，把had提到主语前面，构成倒装句。‎ 完成句子 ‎5．[2015·江苏高考]It might_have_saved me some trouble, had_I_known the schedule.‎ 如果我知道计划表可能会省掉我一些麻烦的。‎ 过关演练 用括号内单词的正确形式填空 ‎1．[2015·黑龙江鹤岗期中]I'd be only too happy to help you, if I ________ (have) the money.‎ 答案：had ‎2．[2014·湖南高考]If Mr Dewey________(be) present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.‎ 答案：had been ‎3．[2014·天津高考]________he________ (catch) the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.‎ 答案：Had; caught ‎4．[2015·浙江温州十校期末]But for your timely help, I ________ (be) in the traffic jam for a long time.‎ 答案：would have been ‎5．[2013·北京高考]If we ________ (book) a table earlier, we wouldn't be standing here in a queue.‎ 答案：had booked