专题14+阅读理解（押题专练）-2019年高考英语二轮复习精品资料

专题14+阅读理解（押题专练）-2019年高考英语二轮复习精品资料

一、‎ After being born at the end of 1932，Mr Cameron Senior suffered a lot with both legs shortened below the knee and his feet twisted.He went under numerous operations to ease his pain，and eventually both limbs(下肢) had to be cut off.But despite his disability and later losing the sight in one eye，Mr Cameron Senior still gained a successful career as a stockbroker(股票经纪人)．‎ After moving to England from Scotland as a child，he married Mary and the couple raised four children at the family home in Peasemore，Berks.‎ In an interview with The Daily Telegraph two years ago，the Tory leader described the experience of growing up with a father with a disability.He told how once they were on holiday in Cornwall，he overheard someone rudely saying：“That guy’s wearing funny boots.” Mr Cameron(英国前任首相卡梅伦) said he thought to himself，“That’s odd，no one ever says that.”‎ In an ITV interview before the general election，Mr Cameron said of his father，“He’s an amazingly brave man because he was born with no heels—quite a disability.But the glass with him was half-full，normally with something alcoholic，I think I got my sense of optimism from him.”‎ Mr Cameron also appeared with his parents at an event and said that they understood his idea for “A Big Society”．‎ ‎“They showed me how a big society could work every day I was growing up，” he said，“I know what are my responsibilities.” Mr Cameron Senior’s disability is not thought to have played any part in his death aged 77.Friends said he was “so proud” to see his son become Prime Minister in May，and had visited 10 Downing Street and Chequers.However，the family’s various holiday plans meant that he did not get to meet his latest granddaughter Florence，who was delivered to the PM’s wife Samantha last month.‎ 语篇解读　本文主要介绍了英国前任首相卡梅伦的父亲，一位身有残疾却凭着坚韧毅力取得非凡成就的股票经纪人。‎ ‎1．What is the passage mainly about?‎ A．The life and character of Mr Cameron Senior.‎ B．A huge hero figure in the eyes of son.‎ C．The newly elected Prime Minister.‎ D．A disabled father and his career.‎ 答案　B 解析　主旨大意题。文章前面讲述的是老卡梅伦的出生、职业、婚姻等内容，均是为文章下文作铺垫的，目的在于说明儿子眼中的父亲是一个什么样的人。故选B。‎ ‎2．In the text，the underlined part “the Tory leader” in Paragraph 3 refers to “ ”．‎ A．Mr Cameron Senior B．The Daily Telegraph C．a leader in the government D．Former Prime Minister David Cameron 答案　D ‎3．When Mr Cameron heard the rude words， .‎ A．he exploded with anger all of a sudden B．he thought the man was too foolish C．he was shocked and unable to understand D．he expected it a long time ago 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“That’s odd，no one ever says that.”可知，当Mr Cameron听到这句粗鲁的话时，感到很奇怪，因为以前从来没有人这么说过。故选C。‎ ‎4．According to Mr Cameron，“A Big Society” means “ ”．‎ A．people take up their duties in the society B．there are numbers of families in the society C．much freedom will be offered to the people D．many events will take place in the future 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中Mr Cameron的话“‘They showed me how a big society could work every day I was growing up，’he said，‘I know what are my responsibilities.’”可知，在成长过程中他深深地理解了a big society的含义，认为在这个社会中，每个人都应该承担自己的责任。故选A。‎ ‎5．From the last paragraph we can know that .‎ A．Florence was adopted by the PM’s wife B．the disability caused Mr Cameron Senior death C．Mr Cameron Senior lived in 10 Downing Street D．Mr Cameron Senior took a pride in having such a son 答案　D 二、‎ Enrique Iglesias is a most successful singer! Born in 1975 in Madrid，Spain，Enrique is the child of the famous singer Julio Iglesias.Enrique’s mother is a journalist.His parents divorced in 1978.Although Enrique lived with his mother，she sent him to live with his father because of concerns about her son’s safety.Enrique wanted to be a singer secretly，he didn’t wish his father to know that and didn’t want to live under his shelter.He sought his dream on his own.‎ Enrique released(发行) his first album “Enrique Iglesias” in 1995.This album had a collection of rock ballads(民谣) and five singles from it went straight to the top spots in Latin music.This album was followed by another “Vivir” in 1997.Three singles from this album occupied the top spots on the Latin charts yet again! Enrique also found himself nominated(提名) for the “Favorite Latin Artist” at the American Music Awards.By 1998，he had released his 3rd album，“Cosas Del Amor”．This year Enrique won the “Favorite Latin Artist”．“Bailamos” got him great fame.One of the ‎ songs in this album was also used in a movie.With the success of “Bailamos”，Enrique now already had many loyal fans.The album，“Enrique”，was released in 1999.‎ The year 2001 brought more success for him.His album，“Escape” had a few singles that reached the top spots.Enrique became a household name.This album is his biggest successful album so far.“Hero” and “Don’t Turn Off the Lights” soon turned Enrique into a super star.His next release in 2002 was a Spanish album “Quizas”．This album brought Enrique a “Latin Grammy Award” for the Best Pop Vocal Album.In 2007，he released another album “Insomniac” and the song “Do You Know” became an instantly popular song.‎ 语篇解读　本文讲述了西班牙歌手安立奎·伊格莱希亚斯的个人经历。‎ ‎6．After his parents divorced，Enrique was sent to his father’s because .‎ A．he could be protected from some dangers B．he could learn singing from his talented father C．his mother would be able to focus on her career D．his father could teach him how to behave correctly 答案　A ‎7．Enrique didn’t tell his father about his dreaming of becoming a singer because he .‎ A．wanted to try a new singing style B．hated his father for his carelessness C．didn’t want to benefit from his father’s fame D．planned to give his father a surprise when he succeeded 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句“Enrique wanted to be a singer secretly，he didn’t wish his father to know that and didn’t want to live under his shelter.”可知选C项。‎ ‎8．Which of the following albums has a song adopted in a movie?‎ A．“Vivir”．‎ B．“Bailamos”．‎ C．“Enrique Iglesias”．‎ D．“Cosas Del Amor”．‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“This year Enrique won the “Favorite Latin Artist”．“Bailamos” got him great fame.One of the songs in this album was also used in a movie.”可知“Bailamos这张专辑让他成名，这张专辑中的一首歌被用在电影中，故选B项。‎ ‎9．The third paragraph is developed mainly by .‎ A．following the order of his albums’ influence B．analyzing the style of his albums C．making comparisons of his albums D．following the order of time 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段提到的时间状语，可知是按时间排列，故选D项。‎ ‎10．What would be the best title for the passage?‎ A．Enrique Iglesias’ Lucky Life B．Biography of Enrique Iglesias C．Enrique Iglesias’ Secret to Success D．Enrique Iglesias’ Wonderful Singing Skills 三、‎ It’s hard to find Alice Munro in the media.Even after she won the 2013 Nobel Prize in Literature，the Canadian writer just appeared for a quick interview and then dropped out of sight.On Dec 29th，she still didn’t seek the spotlight when she was named one of the five Women of the Year by the Financial Times.‎ In Munro’s eyes，ordinary lives always hide larger dramas.So she records what we casually think of as the everyday actions of normal people.She often focuses on life in her hometown，a small village in Ontario which she is most familiar with.She writes about the ordinary things in the village—trees in the Ontario wilderness，poor country schools and long last illnesses.Above all，she talks about girls and women who have seemingly ordinary lives but struggle against daily misfortune.‎ She has a special talent for uncovering the extraordinary in the ordinary.These are ordinary people，ordinary stories，but she has the magic.Her precise language，depth of detail and the logic of her storytelling have made her stories inviting.‎ Runaway，one of Munro’s representative works，is a good example of her writing style.One of the stories centers on the life of an ordinary woman Carla，who lives in a small Canadian town with her husband Clark.The story slowly forms a picture of Carla，trapped in a bad marriage，her unhappiness building into desperation until she decides to flee.The story of Carla is a story of the power and betrayals of love.It is about lost children and lost chances that we can all find in life.There is pain beneath the surface，like a needle in the heart.‎ Since she published her first collection of short stories in 1968，Munro has won many awards，with the Nobel Prize being her biggest honor.On Oct 10th,2013，the Nobel Prize committee named Munro the “master of the contemporary short story”．‎ 语篇解读　本文介绍了Alice Munro及其创作风格。‎ ‎11．We learn from Paragraph 1 that Alice Munro .‎ A．didn’t get on well with the media B．was surprised at winning the Nobel Prize C．didn’t value the title of Women of the Year D．remained modest though very successful 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。由第一段第一句及后面举的两个例子可知选D。‎ ‎12．Many of Alice Munro’s works .‎ A．center on the happy life of country women B．are about betrayals of love and violence C．focus on everyday life of ordinary people D．are romantic stories set in her hometown 答案　C ‎13．What makes Alice Munro’s stories fascinating according to the text?‎ A．The complicated plots.‎ B．Her rich imagination.‎ C．The humorous language.‎ D．Her writing techniques.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。由第三段最后一句“Her precise language，depth of detail and the logic of her storytelling have made her stories inviting.”可知，Alice Munro的作品之所以吸引人是因为她高超的写作技巧。‎ ‎14．In her representative work Runaway，Carla .‎ A．tries to run away from her husband B．is a faithful wife to her husband C．leads a happy life with Clark D．loses all hopes for a better life 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。由第四段中的“she decides to flee”可知答案。‎ ‎15．What is the text mainly about?‎ A．Alice Munro and her hometown.‎ B．Alice Munro and her writing style.‎ C．Alice Munro’s representative works.‎ D．The awards Alice Munro won.‎ 四、‎ Since 2011，the former railway engineer has been driving around the city every single day，looking for abandoned tar(柏油) and gravel(碎石) on roadsides.He collects the material and uses it to fill potholes(坑洼)，at times spending his own pension money to do it.Tilak，earning himself the nickname “road engineer”，doesn’t restrict himself to his neighborhood—he patches up every pothole he can find in the city.‎ ‎“After working for the South Central Railway in India for 35 years，I retired in October 2008 and spent some time off in 2009，also traveling to the US to meet my son，”Tilak told the local media.“In January 2010，I came back and took up a job as a consultant in a software agency.”‎ ‎“I was driving to my first day of office when I ended up splashing dirty mud water on school children after my car fell into a pothole on the road，” he recalled.“Then a few more accidents followed at various places.” He kept explaining to the police that these accidents wouldn’t have occurred if the roads had been smooth.But then he witnessed a major accident that changed everything.‎ Tilak decided to take charge of matters himself.“After that，I quit my job and for the next year till June 2012，I spent my pension money in fixing roads，” he said.‎ Tilak’s wife was worried about his health and called his son to talk some sense into him.But the son was so impressed that he ended up helping Tilak instead，by setting up a website and Facebook page.As more and more residents got to know of it，they began to show up and help Tilak fix the city’s potholes.Today，they even have a helpline where people can call to complain about potholes in their areas.‎ Tilak’s son also managed to get the government on their side.Tilak doesn’t accept donations，but he encourages people to join in the physical work.He hopes that with media attention，he can inspire a change in the attitude of the general public.He believes that the “nothing-can-be-done” attitude is what limits a lot ‎ of people in the city，and he wants that to change.‎ 语篇解读　文章主要讲述了Tilak 在印度中南部铁路工作了35年，退休回到家后继续用自己的钱修复破坏的公路的事。‎ ‎16．What was Tilak’s mission?‎ A．To get paid little for his work.‎ B．To buy tar and gravel to fix roads.‎ C．To recycle materials to mend roads.‎ D．To get financial help from the government.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“He collects the material and uses it to fill potholes(坑洼)，at times spending his own pension money to do it.”可知，Tilak 用他收集到的各种材料来填补坑洼的路面，有时还会花自己的钱去做这些，结合选项，故选C。‎ ‎17．What made Tilak take up the job to fix roads?‎ A．Love for children.‎ B．A strong sense of social responsibility.‎ C．A passion to make contributions to society.‎ D．Eagerness to return to work.‎ 答案　B ‎18．What is the right description about Tilak?‎ A．He began to fix roads from his retirement.‎ B．He took up the job as a consultant for 3 years.‎ C．He extended his mission to other neighbors.‎ D．He was once a railway engineer working in the US.‎ 答案　C ‎19．What does Tilak encourage people to do?‎ A．Take action to make a difference.‎ B．Quit their jobs to serve their neighbors.‎ C．Fill potholes to be another “road doctor”．‎ D．Take part in the physical work but not brain work.‎ 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“He hopes that with media attention，he can inspire a change in the attitude of the general public.” 可知，Tilak 希望随着媒体的关注，他能激励公众改变态度，故选A。‎ ‎20．What may be the best title of the passage?‎ A．The Thing That Everyone Should Have—Warm Heart B．The Strongest Support Is from Family Members C．The Retirement Is Not the End of Career D．The Respectable Man Is Worthy of His Name—Road Doctor 答案　D 解析　标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了Tilak 在印度中南部铁路工作了35年，退休回到家后继续用自己的钱修复破坏的公路的事。他成为了一位真正的道路医生，故选D。‎ 五、‎ Do you ever wish for a little more time to do everything you need to do？Well，on July 1 you’ll be getting it—but only one more second.‎ On July 1 at exactly 7：59：59 a．m.Beijing time (or on June 30 at 23：59：59 UTC，Coordinated Universal Time)，the world’s atomic(原子的) clocks will pause for a single second，or，more precisely，change to the unusual time of 7：59：60，according to theverge.com.The addition of a leap second(闰秒)，announced by the Paris ‎ Observatory，is to keep our clocks in time with the slowing of Earth’s rotation(旋转) and astronomical time as measured by the sun.‎ Just one extra second could cause big problems and affect the way computers and websites work，however.When the last leap second was added back in 2012，more than a few websites had some trouble.As reported by Phys.org，popular sites like the community website Reddit crashed when the leap second was added.‎ For Reddit，the problem was eventually found to be with a Linux system that got confused when it checked the network time and found an extra second.‎ Speaking to Wired about the problem back in 2012，Linux creator Linus Torvalds commented：“Almost every time we have a leap second，we find something.It’s really annoying，because it’s code(代码) that is almost never used，and thus not tested by users under their normal conditions.”‎ Companies have had to think of their own solutions，and Google’s “leap smear” may be the best-known example.As company engineer Christopher Pascoe explains in a blog post，companies usually try to fix the problem by turning back the clocks by one second at the end of the day so that they play that second again.‎ However，Pascoe believes this creates problems.He asked：“What happens？Does e-mail that comes in during that second get stored correctly？”‎ Google has a solution：Cut the extra second into milliseconds and then put these tiny amounts of time into the system throughout the day.“This means that when it became time to add an extra second at midnight，”says Pascoe.“Our clocks have already taken this into account over the course of the day.”‎ For many companies without Google’s money，however，the leap second will likely still cause some crashes.Don’t worry，though—at least it won’t last long!‎ 语篇解读　本文主要介绍了“闰秒”带来的影响及其解决方案。‎ ‎1．Why do we need to add a leap second?‎ A．The world’s atomic clocks are set to do so.‎ B．To keep in time with the world’s computers.‎ C．To keep atomic clocks in time with the slowing of Earth’s rotation.‎ D．To record the changes to astronomical time.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“The addition of a leap second(闰秒)，announced by the Paris Observatory，is to keep our clocks in time with the slowing of Earth’s rotation(旋转) and astronomical time as measured by the sun.”可知，闰秒是由于地球自转变慢引起的，为了与由太阳测量的天文时间一致而增加一秒，故选C。‎ ‎2．What happened to the website Reddit when the leap second was added in 2012?‎ A．It crashed because of a virus attack.‎ B．Its network time added two extra seconds.‎ C．All of the code in its Linux system went wrong.‎ D．One of its software systems got confused and the site broke down.‎ 答案　D ‎3．What does the underlined word “something” refer to in the 5th paragraph?‎ A．The code not working properly.‎ B．The extra second.‎ C．The problem.‎ D．Normal conditions.‎ 答案　A 解析　代词指代题。根据文章第五段中“we find something.It’s really annoying，because it’s code(代码) that is almost never used，and thus not tested by users under their normal conditions”可知，something指代后文出现的一些从没使用过和测试过的代码，即代码不正常地工作，故选A。‎ ‎4．How do companies usually deal with the problem of the extra second?‎ A．By shutting down computers at the end of the day.‎ B．By stopping receiving emails that come in during that second.‎ C．By turning the clocks back by one second at the end of the day.‎ D．By cutting the extra second into milliseconds throughout the day.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第六段中“companies usually try to fix the problem by turning back the clocks by one second at the end of the day so that they play that second again”可知，解决额外一秒的做法是在一天结束时将时钟往回调一秒，故选C。‎ ‎5．What’s Christopher Pascoe’s attitude toward Google’s solution to the problem?‎ A．Unfavorable. B．Doubtful.‎ C．Approving. D．Cautious.‎ 答案　C 六、‎ Soaping up your hands may do more than just get rid of germs.It may wash away the inner confusion you feel right after being forced to make a choice between two appealing choices，according to a new study.The study builds on past research into a phenomenon known as “the Macbeth effect”．‎ It turns out that Shakespeare was really onto something when he imagined Lady Macbeth trying to clean her conscience(良心) by rubbing invisible bloodstains from her hands.A few years ago，scientists asked people to describe a past wrong act.If people were then given a chance to clean their hands，they later expressed less guilt than people who hadn’t cleaned.‎ This finding fascinated W．S.Lee，a researcher.“Anything from the past，any kind of negative emotional experiences，might be washed away，” says Lee.‎ He decided to test hand washing’s effect on one kind of bad feeling：the tension we feel after being forced to choose between two attractive choices，because picking one choice makes us feel that we’ve lost the other.People usually try to calm this ‎ inner conflict by later exaggerating(夸大) the positive aspects of their choice.‎ He had students rank 10 different music CDs.Then he offered students one CD as a gift.Some students then used liquid soap.Others only looked at the soap or sniffed(嗅) it.“Actually，you do not need water and soap，” says Lee.‎ Later，the students again had to rank all the music.People who didn’t wash their hands had the normal response—they scored their take-home CD higher，suggesting that they now saw it as even more attractive than before.But this wasn’t true for the hand washers.They ranked the music about the same.“They feel no need at all to justify the choice，” says Lee.‎ But the implications of it just aren’t clear.Schwarz says it’s too soon to know whether people should head for a sink after making a tough choice.He says washing may help decision-makers by cleaning away mental disorder，but perhaps if they don’t go through the usual post-decision process of justifying their choice，they might feel more sorrow in the long run.‎ 语篇解读　本文主要讲述了用香皂洗手会帮助人们缓解作决定时的紧张与不安的情绪。‎ ‎6．The Macbeth effect refers to the fact that .‎ A．people feel less ashamed after washing their hands B．soaping up one’s hand may help wash away the inner confusion and make a decision C．people feel less guilty by getting rid of invisible germs from their hands D．Shakespeare did scientific research before writing Macbeth 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。由第二段内容可知，人们在洗手后会感到良心上的愧疚感减轻，故选A。‎ ‎7．According to Lee，after people make the choice .‎ A．they will overstate the goodness of their chosen choice B．they will feel regretful for not choosing another C．they will feel free due to the feeling of losing the other choice D．they will think nothing of their chosen choice any more to calm their inner conflict 答案　A ‎8．According to Lee，those hand washers consider justifying their choice .‎ A．more scientific B．unnecessary C．a little convincing D．absolutely useless 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“‘They feel no need at all to justify the choice，’says Lee.”可知选B。‎ ‎9．What does Schwarz need to research more?‎ A．Whether people need to justify their choice.‎ B．Whether people feel more sorrow after washing hands.‎ C．Whether washing hands help over a long period of time.‎ D．Whether washing hands is helpful to make a choice.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。通过最后一段内容可知，洗手从长远看是否有作用还需要更多的研究，故选C。‎ ‎10．What might be the most suitable title for the passage?‎ A．Is Washing Hands Necessary to Defeat Tension?‎ B．Washing Hands Washes Our Mind C．Washing Hands Helps Make a Better Choice D．Washing Hands Reduces the Stress of Decision 答案　D 七、‎ You know the saying “You’re as young as you feel”．Well，there may be some truth in that，according to researchers at Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of ‎ Technology.‎ Ellen Langer，a Harvard psychologist who studies how the mind influences the body，and her colleagues reviewed the scientific literature for evidence that a person’s perception of their age might influence their health.They published their results in the journal Perspectives on Psychological Science.‎ In one study that Langer led,47 women had their hair done.The women who thought their new hairdos(发型) made them look younger did look younger to objective observers，who were shown before-and-after pictures.The women who thought they looked younger also showed a drop in blood pressure.Another study involving 4,421 men found that those who became bald(秃顶) at a relatively young age were more likely to get cancer and heart disease than men who did not.Similarly，another study involving 2,017 men found that those who lost their hair early were more likely to develop heart disease.“We believe that the feelings associated with being older than one’s real age account for some of these health outcomes，” the researchers wrote.‎ The researchers also described studies which found that women who had children later in life were more likely to be healthier and live longer than those who had children early，which they attributed to the fact that these mothers tend to spend more time with younger women.Similarly，people who marry younger partners tend to live longer than those who marry older partners，according to other studies.‎ Taken together，the research supports the general mind-body hypothesis(假说) that when a younger mind is prepared，a younger body can accompany it.While the mechanism(机制) remains unclear，the researchers figured that suggestions associated with aging can make one unconsciously or consciously aware of old age and set in motion a series of physiological processes that can have real effects on short-term and long-term health.‎ 语篇解读　本文为说明文，题材为科普知识类。觉得自己更年轻的人更健康也活得更长。‎ ‎11．The underlined word “perception” in Paragraph 2 means “ ”．‎ A．view B．appearance C．influence D．creation 答案　A ‎12．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to Paragraph 3?‎ A．Blood pressure is closely related to hairdos.‎ B．Feeling older than one’s real age may be tied to health problems.‎ C．Getting cancer or heart disease is the cause of hair losing.‎ D．The women who love hairdos look younger than those who don’t.‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。由第三段列举的三项研究的结果及最后一句话的总结可知选B。‎ ‎13．It can be inferred from Paragraph 4 that .‎ A．a younger mother is more likely to live longer B．the younger one of a couple lives much longer C．often staying with younger people can benefit people’s health D．people who want to live longer need to marry young 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。由该段中举的例子可推知选C。‎ ‎14．The passage mainly tells us that .‎ A．getting bald too early is not good for health B．women had better give birth later in their life C．people who marry younger partners tend to live longer D．people’s view of their age may have an effect on their own health 答案　D ‎15．From which page of a newspaper is the passage most probably taken from?‎ A．Entertainment. B．Health.‎ C．Economy. D．Politics.‎ 答案　B 解析　文章出处题。本文是关于健康的，故最有可能出自报纸上的健康专栏。故选B。‎ 八、‎ When you want to throw something out as “junk”，better take a second thought as it may be of great value.In fact，scientists made the same mistake with DNA years ago，and now they are trying to get it right.‎ We often say that DNA is a kind of acid that contains our genes.But the truth is that genes only make up 1 to 2 percent of our DNA，which caused scientists to believe that the rest of it is useless.‎ Nevertheless，instead of doing nothing，junk DNA，as it is called，turned out to be playing an important part in our body.If genes are like light bulbs，then junk DNA acts as switches.‎ They control which genes are used in a cell and how active they are.For example，they can determine whether a cell becomes a lung cell or a neuron(神经元)．‎ The study，published in the journal Nature on September 5，started in 2003，and 442 scientists from 30 labs around the world were involved，according to Reuters.It is considered the biggest breakthrough in genomics(基因学) in a decade because it might help scientists find the cause of certain diseases.‎ It has long been known that many complicated diseases，such as cancer，are caused by tiny changes in DNA.But now scientists realize that most of the changes occur not in the genes themselves，but in the “junk” part of the DNA.They are able to keep track of how and why the switches change and then figure out new treatments and drugs.‎ ‎“Our former understanding of DNA was like getting a picture of Earth from space，”Eric Lander from the Broad Institute，US，told The New York Times.“You know the planet is there，but you cannot see exactly what it’s like on the surface.”‎ But now with the new study result “you can follow the roads and see the traffic circulation.That’s exactly the same way we will use this data in cancer research，”explained Mark Rubin from Weill Cornell Medical College in New York.‎ ‎16．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?‎ A．DNA—The Cause of Cancer B．What Is DNA?‎ C．A New Discovery for “Junk DNA”‎ D．A Misunderstanding of Genes 答案　C ‎17．What does the underlined phrase “get it right” in the first paragraph refer to?‎ A．Discovering new types of DNA.‎ B．Recognizing the importance of junk DNA.‎ C．Understanding the role genes play in DNA.‎ D．Telling useful DNA from useless one.‎ 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。根据上文中的“多年前科学家对于垃圾DNA也犯了同样的错误”可推知，他们现在正在纠正，也就是认识到垃圾DNA的重要性。故选B。‎ ‎18．The author explains how different parts of DNA work by .‎ a．introducing a general theory b．making a metaphor(比喻)‎ c．giving examples d．displaying research data A．a，c B．b，c C．a，d D．c，d 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“If genes are like light bulbs，then junk DNA acts as switches.”可知，作者使用比喻来解释DNA的作用；根据第四段内容可知，作者具体举出了例子，故选B。‎ ‎19．The results of the study mentioned in the article show that .‎ A．cancer is caused by tiny changes in genes themselves B．the study of junk DNA is less important than the study of genes C．changes in junk DNA do not affect genes D．junk DNA is very important for the functioning of our cells 答案　D ‎20．Which of the following statements might Mark Rubin agree with?‎ A．The findings of our genes are enough to fight against cancer.‎ B．The battle against cancer will be won within two years.‎ C．The findings of junk DNA throw light on how we might cure cancer.‎ D．The new treatments and drugs will change junk DNA quickly.‎ 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“That’s exactly the same way we will use this data in cancer research”可知，研究垃圾DNA得出的数据将运用到癌症治疗的研究中，故选C.‎ 九、‎ Air pollution is getting more and more serious in many places around the world.The fact that public parks in cities become crowded proves that people long to breathe in green，open spaces.And，in these surroundings，they are generally both peaceful and peaceable.It is rare to see people being at odds or even fighting in a garden.It seems to be proved that if human beings can freely breathe and share air，there is no primary reason for them to struggle with one another.‎ But do we only sense what life could be when we enjoy green spaces?‎ The plant world silently shows us what a reflection of life truthfully is.It also helps us to a new beginning，urging us to care for our breath.We must，in turn，care for it，opposing any sort of pollution that destroys both our world and that of plants.The interdependence to which we must pay the closest attention is what exists between ourselves and the plant world.Often described as “the lungs of the planet”，the woods that cover the earth offer us the gift of breathable air by releasing oxygen.But their capacity to renew the air polluted by industry has long reached its limit.If ‎ we continue to pollute the air by filling it with chemicals and destroy the ability of plants to restore it we will soon pull our world into an unavoidable disaster.‎ Humans must learn to share life，both with each other and with plants.This task can be carried out only when each takes it upon her- or himself and only when all work together.The lesson taught by plants is that human life can only exist with nature.We must come to view the air，the plants and ourselves as the contributors to the protection of life and growth，rather than productive objects we can use and throw away freely.Perhaps then we would finally begin to live，rather than merely survive.‎ ‎1．What does the underlined part “being at odds” mean?‎ A．Relaxing. B．Exercising.‎ C．Hurrying. D．Conflicting.‎ 答案　D 解析　词义猜测题。根据上一句中的“they are generally both peaceful and peaceable.”可知，他们是和平的，因此很少看到有人争吵或打架等，因此猜测“being at odds”的意思为“起冲突”，故选D。‎ ‎2．According to the first paragraph，what does the author suppose might be the primary reason that people would struggle with each other?‎ A．To get their share of clean air.‎ B．To pursue a comfortable life.‎ C．To gain a higher social status.‎ D．To seek economic benefits.‎ 答案　A ‎3．What does the author try to draw our closest attention to?‎ A．The massive burning of fossil fuels.‎ B．Our relationship to the plant world.‎ C．The capacity of plants to renew polluted air.‎ D．Large-scale deforestation across the world.‎ 答案　B ‎4．How can human beings achieve the goal of protecting the planet，according to the author?‎ A．By showing respect for plants. B．By preserving all forms of life.‎ C．By consuming all natural resources. D．By all making their efforts together.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“This task can be carried out only when each takes it upon her- or himself and only when all work together.”可知，人类想实现保护星球这个目标就要团结一致共同努力，故选D。 ‎ ‎5．What does the author suggest we do in order not to just survive，but live better?‎ A．Expand the range of living.‎ B．Develop nature’s potentials.‎ C．Share life with nature.‎ D．Explore new resources.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段内容尤其是其第一句“Humans must learn to share life，both with each other and with plants.”可知，为了活得更好，我们应与自然分享生活。故选C。‎ 十、‎ The temperature is sharply rising with each passing day.People，including many experts，find it difficult to slow down the process.However，leaving coal and major fossil fuels in the ground could help to limit climate change in the future，according to a new study.That is to say，a third of oil reserves on the earth，half of gas reserves and over 80 percent of current coal reserves should not be used before the year 2050.If ‎ we are to prevent global temperatures from rising above 2 degrees Celsius in the near future，we ought to carry out some measures to severely control the emissions from factories，vehicles and even our daily-life cooking.However，it is a goal that seems to be impossible in our eyes.‎ ‎“Policy makers in different countries must realize that their attempt to completely use the fossil fuels within their countries is wholly incompatible(矛盾的) with their hope to reach the 2-degree goal，” Dr Christophe McGlade at University College London’s Energy Institute said in a statement.“If they go ahead with developing their own resources，” he added，“they must be asked which reserves elsewhere should remain unburned in order for the carbon budget not to go beyond the limit.”‎ It’s not surprising to see how tapping into these unused reserves would be attractive.Energy-related industry is a big business all over the world.There are many coal reserves in China，Russia and the United States，along with over 260 thousand million barrels of oil reserves in the Middle East.Not to mention that oil is currently being developed in the Arctic.Companies spent over 670 billion last year in the expansion of fossil fuels，but according to the new model used in this latest study，developers may need to rethink their plans to develop these underground resources so as to make some contributions to control the world temperature from rising high in the future.‎ ‎“We’ve now got practical figures of the quantities and locations of fossil fuels that should remain unused in trying to keep within the 2-degree temperature limit，”added McGlade.World leaders and policy makers should take the advice to heart，because a recent IPCC report warned that if immediate and great actions are not taken soon，climate change will cause irreversible(不可逆转的) impacts on environments worldwide，leaving the world an unsafe place for us to live in.‎ 语篇解读　本文为议论文。论述了全球气候变化与化石燃料的关系。‎ ‎6．According to Paragraph 1，our goal is to .‎ A．discover more fossil fuels for the future generation B．slow down the climate change C．refuse to use reserves on the earth D．keep the temperature rise below 2 degrees Celsius 答案　D ‎7．The underlined word “emissions” in Paragraph 1 refers to “ ”．‎ A．things that are sent out into the air B．products that are made from fossil fuels C．factors that cause the climate change D．changes that happen after temperature rise 答案　A 解析　词义猜测题。由前后语境可推知，画线词指的是“排放到空气中的物质”，故选A。‎ ‎8．According to what McGlade said in Paragraph 2，all countries should .‎ A．make full use of their fossil fuels B．work together towards the 2-degree goal C．find better ways to dig out the coal D．increase the global carbon budget 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。通读第二段可推断出答案为B。‎ ‎9．We can infer from Paragraph 3 that great efforts have been made in .‎ A．digging out the oil in the Middle East B．getting people to rethink their fuel plans C．developing fossil fuels around the world D．developing energy-related industry worldwide 答案　C ‎10．What is the author’s attitude towards the future of temperature control?‎ A．Confident. B．Negative.‎ C．Satisfied. D．Unclear.‎ 答案　B 解析　观点态度题。由第一段首句和尾句及最后一段尾句可推测出作者对未来大气温度的控制持消极的态度。‎ 十一、‎ Styrofoam，or polystyrene，is a light-weight material，about 95 percent air，with very good insulation(隔热) properties，according to Earthsource org.It is used in products from cups that keep your drinks hot or cold to packaging material that protects items during shipping.‎ With the above good features，Styrofoam still enjoys a bad reputation.It cannot be recycled without releasing dangerous pollution into the air.The U．S.Environmental Protection Agency says it is the fifth-largest creator of harmful waste.‎ But now the common worms which are usually disgusting can come to the rescue，specifically，mealworms.Scientists from the U．S.and China have discovered that mealworms can digest plastic.One mealworm can digest a pill-sized amount of plastic a day.Study co-author Wei-Min Wu says that in 24 hours，the plastic is turned into carbon dioxide.‎ Since Styrofoam has no nutrition at all，are the worms hurt by eating plastic? Much to the scientists’ surprise，the study found that worms eating Styrofoam were as healthy as worms eating bran(谷糠)．‎ The researchers will study the worm’s eating habits and digesting system，looking to copy the plastic breakdown but on a larger scale.Once the way can be put into practice，it will make a revolutionary difference to the disposal of plastic.‎ ‎“Solving the issue of plastic pollution is important，”says Wu，a Stanford University environmental engineering instructor.After all，our earth is small and landfill space is becoming limited with too much garbage waiting to be dealt with，he says.‎ About 33 million tons of plastic are thrown away in the United States every year.Plastic plates，cups and containers take up 25 percent to 30 percent of space ‎ in America’s landfills.One Styrofoam cup takes more than 1 million years to recycle in a landfill，according to Cleveland State University.‎ 语篇解读　文章介绍了一种能够消化分解塑料的黄粉虫幼虫，研究者期待着模仿它们的分解和消化的方式从而解决回收利用塑料对环境造成的污染问题。‎ ‎11．What do we know about Styrofoam?‎ A．It can be used to cool drinks.‎ B．It is a weightless material.‎ C．It is harmful when recycled.‎ D．It is usually used on ships.‎ 答案　C ‎12．What can we infer from the third paragraph?‎ A．Mealworms have amazing digesting power.‎ B．Mealworms are not bad in their nature.‎ C．Mealworms can rescue people’s lives.‎ D．People misunderstood mealworms in the past.‎ 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“Scientists from the U．S.and China have discovered that mealworms can digest plastic.One mealworm can digest a pill-sized amount of plastic a day.”可知，黄粉虫幼虫有令人惊奇的消化能力，故选A。‎ ‎13．Why will researchers study the worm’s eating habits and digesting system?‎ A．To find ways to help mealworms grow larger.‎ B．To imitate their ways of breaking down plastic.‎ C．To help develop their digesting ability.‎ D．To make sure of their safety after eating plastic.‎ 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第五段中“looking to copy the plastic breakdown but on a ‎ larger scale (期望模仿塑料的分解但是在更大的规模上)”推断研究者是为了模仿这些虫子分解塑料的方式，故选B。‎ ‎14．In the future，plastic may be recycled .‎ A．by raising amounts of mealworms ‎ B．by environmental engineering instructors C．using a method inspired by eating mealworms D．without sending out dangerous pollution 答案　D ‎15．What’s the main idea of this passage?‎ A．Styrofoam is widely used in daily life.‎ B．Mealworms are genius at eating plastic.‎ C．Plastic recycling may be no more a problem.‎ D．Plastic can be turned into carbon dioxide.‎ 答案　C 十二、‎ In the dry Namib Desert on the west coast of Africa，one type of beetle has found a special way of surviving.When the morning fog arrives，the Namib Beetle collects water drops on its bumpy(起伏不平的) back，then lets the water roll down into its mouth，allowing it to drink in an area without flowing water.‎ Shreerang Chhatre wants to use what nature has developed to help the world’s poor.Chhatre is an engineer at MIT who works on fog harvesting，the devices that，like the beetle，attract water drops.This way，poor villagers could collect clean water near their homes，instead of spending hours carrying water from distant wells ‎ of rivers.‎ Access to water is a pressing global issue.According to the World Health Organization and UNICEF，nearly 900 million people worldwide live without safe drinking water.The burden of finding and transporting water falls heavily on women and children.“As a middle-class person，I think it’s terrible that the poor have to spend hours a day walking just to obtain a basic necessity，”Chhatre says.‎ A fog-harvesting device consists of a fence-like mesh panel(网状面板)，which attracts drops，connected to containers into which water falls.Chhatre has improved the materials used in these devices.He is continuing his work at MIT Sloan and the Legatum Center in order to develop a workable business plan for applying fog-harvesting devices.‎ Interest in fog harvesting dates back to the 1990s，and has increased since new research on the Namib Beetle became famous in 2001.A few technologists saw potential in the concept for people.One Canadian charitable organization，FogQuest，has tested projects in Chile and Guatemala.‎ But fog harvesting remains in its infancy，technologically and commercially，as Chhatre readily recognizes.“It still faces some open problems，”he says.“But it’s work in progress.”After all，the water that fills our rivers and lakes comes from air.‎ 语篇解读　文章介绍了科学家新研究出来的雾收集装置，它能在空气中收集水，因此对一些缺水地区是很有用的。‎ ‎16．Which of the following is TRUE of Shreerang Chhatre?‎ A．He is an African engineer.‎ B．He is researching on the Namib Beetle.‎ C．He has made the first fog-harvesting device.‎ D．He is trying to put fog-harvesting devices to use.‎ 答案　D ‎17．How did fog harvesting attract more people?‎ A．By being advertised by MIT.‎ B．By getting the help of UNICEF.‎ C．By researching on the Namib Beetle.‎ D．By being inspired by the invention of a fence-like mesh panel.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句“Interest in fog harvesting dates back to the 1990s，and has increased since new research on the Namib Beetle became famous in 2001.”可知选C。‎ ‎18．What do we know about fog harvesting?‎ A．It became famous in 2001.‎ B．It is still in its early stages.‎ C．It has been tested in Africa.‎ D．It was invented by FogQuest.‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“But fog harvesting remains in its infancy”可知，雾收集装置还处于早期阶段，故选B。‎ ‎19．The underlined word “It” in the last paragraph refers to “ ”．‎ A．UNICEF B．the Beetle C．fog harvesting D．a Canadian charitable organization 答案　C 解析　代词指代题。根据前面提到的雾收集装置还处于早期阶段可知，这里接着说它还存在着一些问题，因此it指代的就是雾收集装置，故选C。‎ ‎20．The author’s main purpose in writing the text is to .‎ A．stress the importance of saving water B．show the Namib Beetle’s special way of surviving C．introduce a new device for collecting water from air D．inform people of the serious water problem in Africa 答案　C 十三、‎ Long ago，poems were recited out loud instead of being written down.Back when the Greeks first started the Olympics，they held poetry contests as well as athletic competitions.‎ Now，poetry competitions have been revived.This year 120,000 high school students competed in the first Poetry Out Loud national recitation contest，performing poems from memory for 100,000 in prizes.‎ The first competitions were held in classrooms.The winners went on to school-wide contests，and then they competed in city and state competitions，and then the 50 state champions，along with the District of Columbia champion came to Washington，D.C.last week for the last showdown(对决)．After the 51 champions competed against one another,12 went on to the finals.Then the field was narrowed to five.The final five had one last chance to “perform” a poem.The overall champ，Jackson Hille，a high school senior from Ohio，won a 20,000 scholarship.‎ The National Endowment for the Arts and the Poetry Foundation started Poetry Out Loud because they realized that hearing a poem performed is a different experience from reading it on a page.‎ It’s not just a matter of saying the words in the right order.It’s the tone of voice，the pauses，the gestures，and the attitude of the person performing that bring the words to life.“Each time we hear somebody recite a poem，we understand again what we found fresh and interesting about it，”says National Public Radio broadcaster Scott Simon，master of ceremonies for the finals.Hearing it in a new voice offers something new to the listener.‎ Not only do the people hearing poems have a new experience，but memorizing and presenting poems helps the participants understand those poems in a new way.Another benefit of a competition such as Poetry Out Loud is that the participants learn public-speaking skills that can help them for life.‎ 语篇解读　文章介绍了诗歌朗诵比赛在美国的复兴。‎ ‎1．From the first paragraph，we can know .‎ A．the Greeks were the first to write poems B．the Olympics used to start with poem reciting C．poems were spread orally in the past D．athletes were asked to recite poems before competing 答案　C ‎2．How many rounds of competitions did the champions take part in before they went to Washington，D.C?‎ A．Three. B．Four.‎ C．Five. D．Six.‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。从第三段的介绍中可知，参赛者经过在班里、学校、市里和州里的比赛后，才来到华盛顿哥伦比亚特区进行比赛，故B项正确。‎ ‎3．According to the passage，hearing a poem recited in a new voice can .‎ A．bring a new life to listeners B．help listeners find their interest C．make listeners learn the words D．offer something new to listeners 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。由倒数第二段的叙述，特别是最后一句可知，朗诵诗歌可以给听众带来新的感受，故选D。‎ ‎4．One benefit the participants get from a competition such as Poetry Out Loud is that they can .‎ A．become confident while speaking in public B．write good poems themselves C．change their attitudes towards life D．make friends with many great poets 答案　A ‎5．What’s the best title for the passage?‎ A．Reciting Poems Improves Your Memory B．Remembering a Lot of Poems Is Fun C．Poets Have a Great Time D．Poetry Rocks the Microphone 答案　D 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了美国的诗歌朗诵比赛。这项活动在中学生中引起了很大的反响，故D项为最佳标题。‎ 十四、‎ Many French academics，teachers and parents complain because they feel that young people’s intellectual levels are falling rapidly！The figures prove it：young people visit museums less and spend their lives chatting on the Internet，reading nothing but Stephen King，or watching American soaps such as Friends or reality shows like Star Academy on television，music player glued to their cars，and the games console handy.‎ It is，however，easy to see these habits in a positive light.Music is the favorite leisure activity：86% of 14- to 18-year-olds put it at the top of their activities，above the cinema (71%)，clubbing (68%)，sport (56%) and television (48%)．For 90% of young people aged 14 to 18，radio is also very popular：they listen to it every day without exception.International popular music has a strong showing，but songs in French are still in the majority(60%)．‎ Young people do，of course，watch a lot of television，but less than their ‎ elders，and if they tend to choose mostly soaps and reality TV shows，that is because these are the programs people talk about，which encourages social interaction.Do young people read less than they used to？Maybe，but that’s also true of the elders.Young people still read more than their elders.When asked，“Do you like reading？”，94% of 14- to 18-year-olds say they do，and 81% are convinced that computers will never replace books.‎ Contrary to popular belief，reading continues to occupy an extremely important place in leisure-time activities，but the reading matter young people choose has changed considerably：there is a greater variety of media (computers and new technologies) and young people admit to taste what they would perhaps have been ashamed of in the past.For example，comic strips，Stephen King or other authors not recognized by mainstream culture，such as Betty Mahmoody (Not Without My Daughter)，Mary Higgins Clark or Jostein Gaader (Sophie’s World)．As Beatrice Toulon，editor in chief of the magazine Phosphore，sees it，“They don’t read the same things as their parents did，but they are not afraid to admit it.They have their own culture，which they flaunt(炫耀) openly！”‎ 语篇解读　本文为议论文，题材为社会行为。对于许多法国学者、老师和家长们所说的年轻一代的智力水平快速下降的问题，作者提出了自己的看法。‎ ‎6．The underlined part “in a positive light” in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by “ ”．‎ A．in the long term B．during the daytime C．from an optimistic angle D．beyond reasonable doubt 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。从第二段首句中的however可得到提示。‎ ‎7．Which activity is the most popular with young French people?‎ A．Music. B．Sport.‎ C．Cinema. D．TV.‎ 答案　A ‎8．We can infer that young French people .‎ A．are ashamed of their tastes B．are proud of their own culture C．share their parents’ tastes in reading D．admit that they read less than their parents 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。由最后一段中的“They don’t read the same things as their parents did，but they are not afraid to admit it.They have their own culture，which they flaunt(炫耀) openly！”可推知B项正确。‎ ‎9．What is the author’s attitude towards intellectual levels in France?‎ A．Worried. B．Doubtful.‎ C．Uninterested. D．Approving.‎ 答案　D ‎10．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?‎ A．The Future of Books B．More Books，Less TV C．Young People and Culture in France D．Young People and Their Elders in France 答案　C 解析　标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了法国年轻一代的文化以及同父辈文化的差异。故选C。‎ 十五、‎ The practice of students endlessly copying letters and sentences from a blackboard is a thing of the past.With the coming of new technologies like computers and smartphones，writing by hand has become something of a nostalgic(怀旧的) skill.However，while today’s educators are using more and more technology in their teaching，many believe basic handwriting skills are still necessary for students to be successful—both in school and in life.‎ Virginia Berninger，professor of educational psychology at the University of Washington，says it’s important to continue teaching handwriting and help children acquire the skill of writing by hand.‎ Berninger and her colleagues conducted a study that looked at the ability of students to complete various writing tasks—both on a computer and by hand.The study，published in 2009，found that when writing with a pen and paper，participants wrote longer essays and more complete sentences and had a faster word production rate.‎ In a more recent study，Berninger looked at what role spelling plays in a student’s writing skills and found that how well children spell is tied to how well they can write.“Spelling makes some of the thinking parts of the brain active，which helps us access our vocabulary，word meaning and concepts.It is allowing our written language to connect with ideas，” Berninger said.‎ Spelling helps students translate ideas into words in their mind first and then to transcribe(转换)．“Those words in the mind into written symbols on paper or keyboard and screen，” the study said.“Seeing the words in the ‘mind’s eye’ helps children not only to turn their ideas into words，” says Berninger，“but also to spot(发现) spelling mistakes when they write the words down and to correct them over time.”‎ ‎“In our computer age，some people believe that we don’t have to teach spelling because we have spell checks，” she said.“But until a child has functional spelling ability of about a fifth grade level，they won’t have the knowledge to choose the correct spelling among the options given by the computer.”‎ 语篇解读　随着现代科技的发展，书写渐渐被人们忽视，但是Berninger的研究表明，书写在现代教学中应占有一席之地。‎ ‎11．What makes writing by hand a thing of the past?‎ A．The absence of blackboards in classrooms.‎ B．The use of new technologies in teaching.‎ C．The lack of practice in handwriting.‎ D．The popular use of smartphones.‎ 答案　B ‎12．Berninger’s study published in 2009 .‎ A．focused on the difference between writing by hand and on a computer B．indicated that students prefer to write with a pen and paper C．found that good essays are made up of long sentences D．discussed the importance of writing speed 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Berningerconducted a studyboth on a computer and by hand.”可知A项正确。‎ ‎13．Which of the following best shows the role of spelling?‎ A．Spelling improves one’s memory of words.‎ B．Spelling ability is closely related to writing ability.‎ C．Spelling benefits the translation from words into ideas.‎ D．Spelling slows down finding exact words to express ideas.‎ 答案　B ‎14．What does the underlined part “mind’s eye” in Paragraph 5 mean?‎ A．Window. B．Soul.‎ C．Picture. D．Imagination.‎ 答案　D 解析　词义猜测题。根据第五段的第一句可知，mind’s eye指的是“想象力(imagination)”。‎ ‎15．What conclusion could be drawn from the passage?‎ A．Computers can help people with their choice of words.‎ B．Spell checks can take the place of spelling teaching.‎ C．Handwriting still has a place in today’s classrooms.‎ D．Functional spelling ability develops fast in the fifth grade.‎ 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。由文章内容可知文章主要说明了书写对学生的重要性，所以C项正确。‎ 十六、‎ What to write？This is a question asked by so many writers of children’s literature.The children’s literature market is a big market.Being a writer of children’s literature，I did some research into the literary market for children，finding some trends.‎ Children tend to like reading a series on their favorite characters.However，when trying to sell your book to an agent or a publisher，you should sell it as a stand-alone book.Focus your mind on the story that you’ve written instead of thinking about future unwritten stories.If the book is published and does well in the market，the publisher will be open to extending the story into a series.‎ Over the years the picture book market has been slow.Small children，the prime“readers”of picture books，tend to not request their parents to purchase books for them.They cannot read for themselves and have to depend on others to read for them.To appeal to children with no reading skills，a writer should focus more on showing his/her story through vivid and colorful pictures.Also，writers must take into consideration the amount of time the average parent is willing to spend reading to their children.‎ Many teens enjoy reading young adult novels based on what is known as dark concept ‎ stories.Dark concept books are stories with vampires(吸血鬼)，demons(魔鬼)，and other supernatural creatures.The villain(坏蛋)，though，has some goodness and in a way is a victim.Also such characters share the same experiences that a typical 16-20-year-old has.They feel sad，get happy，fall in love，and even can be taken advantage of.‎ When writing a children’s book，keep in mind the trends in the market.Read published books，both the best sellers and poor sellers，using them as references.However，be careful not to imitate other writers’ styles，not to use their characters，and not to use their plots.To become a popular writer，you should dig deep and work hard to make your story unique and interesting.‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，讲述了要成为一名受欢迎的儿童作家，有哪些注意事项，并给出了中肯的建议。‎ ‎16．In the author’s opinion，picture books should .‎ A．be visually pleasing and somewhat parent-friendly B．have no words and more pictures C．have more interesting stories D．be sold at a low price 答案　A ‎17．According to the text，dark concept books .‎ A．are full of violence B．have many heroic images C．become more popular than other ones D．reflect the life of young adults in some ways 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。由第四段最后两句“Also such characters share the same experiences that a typical 16-20-year-old hasadvantage of.”可知，dark concept stories在某种程度上反映了年轻人的生活，故选D。‎ ‎18．According to the last paragraph，what matters much to a writer is his/her .‎ A．writing experiences B．creative power C．fame in the market D．relationship with other writers 答案　B ‎19．What can be learned from the text?‎ A．Few writers focus on the trends in children’s literature.‎ B．A story series is not advised to be finished at one time.‎ C．Writers should be good at writing various books.‎ D．Picture books are only aimed at younger children.‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Focus your mind on the story that you’ve written instead of thinking about future unwritten stories.If the book is published and does well in the market，the publisher will be open to extending the story into a series.”可知，你应该把注意力集中在你已经写好了的书上，如果出版的书受欢迎，那么出版商会考虑将这本书做成系列丛书。故选B。‎ ‎20．Who are the intended readers of the text?‎ A．Children. B．Parents.‎ C．Publishers. D．Writers.‎ 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据文章内容，主要讲述了在写作儿童书籍时如何进行话题的选择以及人物的设定等，这些内容主要针对写儿童书籍的作家，故选D。‎