专题20+任务型阅读（七选五）（热点难点突破）-2019年高考英语考纲解读与热点难点突破

专题20+任务型阅读（七选五）（热点难点突破）-2019年高考英语考纲解读与热点难点突破

一、‎ A daily multivitamin may give your well－being an extra benefit，but if you’ve ever swallowed one and felt sick right after，you know it’s hardly a pleasant experience. __1.__ ‎ ‎◆You’re taking vitamins on an empty stomach.‎ Vitamins that are more acid in nature，like vitamin C，may cause nausea(恶心)if they’re consumed on an empty stomach.Vitamins A，D，E and K，unlike some others，may be better absorbed when not taken with food.‎ ‎◆ __2.__ ‎ Vitamins are like medicines in that they can act on each other and other medicines you’re taking. __3.__ Some research suggests that multivitamins could cause side effects when taken at the same time with high estrogen(雌激素)levels.‎ ‎◆There’s a lot of iron in your pill.‎ Multivitamins that contain a lot of iron or iron supplements themselves can cause nausea.This is especially true if you’re taking them outside of a meal.Iron is interesting in that it’s best absorbed on an empty stomach，but it’s hardest to take on an empty stomach because of the nausea. __4.__ It might decrease the absorption a little bit but it’s better than nothing.‎ ‎◆Allergic reaction side effects.‎ Since multivitamins contain so many vitamins and minerals，allergic reactions are certainly possible.Mild allergic reactions can include itchiness(痒) and a few hives(荨麻疹). __5.__ Should you experience more advanced signs of an allergic reaction，such as trouble breathing，chest pain，widespread hives or a swollen facial region，visit the closest emergency room immediately.‎ The lable on your vitamins should provide directions for taking them.Check the information before taking them to see what else you should know.‎ A．You’re taking vitamins with other medicines.‎ B．Below are a few reasons why multivitamins may be making you ill.‎ C．It’s important to discuss with an expert the timing of these vitamins.‎ D．These stomach issues can be extremely disturbing.‎ E．It’s better to take it with food than trying taking it on an empty stomach.‎ F．If you experience these side effects，stop use and contact your doctor.‎ G．Please review the combinations to make sure there are no harmful interactions.‎ 文章大意：本文主要讲述了服用多种维生素可能让人感到不适的几种原因。‎ ‎3.G　解析：本句出现在段落中间，起到承上启下的作用。上文讲的是，各种维生素之间以及维生素与其他药物之间会相互作用；下文讲的是，当雌激素水平高时服用多种维生素可能引起副作用，所以G项符合语境。G项的意思是“请检查一下混合物(多种维生素)，确保它们之间没有有害的相互作用”。‎ ‎4.E　解析：本句出现在段落中间，起到承上启下的作用。上文讲的是，多种维生素中的铁在空腹时服用吸收效果是最好的，但空腹服用会让人恶心；下文讲的是，这可能会吸收得少一点，但总比一点也不吸收要好，所以E项符合语境。E项的意思是“比起试图空腹服用来说，跟食物一起服用多种维生素更好一些”。‎ ‎5.F　解析：本句出现在段落中间，起到承上启下的作用。上文讲的是，轻微的过敏反应症状；下文讲的是较重的过敏反应症状，所以F项“如果你感受到了这些副作用，就不要服用了，要联系你的医生”符合语境。‎ 二、‎ Whether they’re for a teenager or not，all great stories have certain elements： they have interesting characters we enjoy reading about； they show these characters in a world we can recognize and understand.‎ ‎ __1.__ The main character faces a problem，usually quite a serious one.The thing that most draws us to reading the story is the way the character deals with the problem—whether the character gets the better of it，or it gets the better of the character.‎ Characters in a book for young adults are generally young adults themselves. __2.__ On the one hand，they’re not children anymore.They’re growing up and want to stretch their wings.On the other hand，they’re not yet adults.They can’t do certain things，as they’re not yet able to do them or because the world tells them that they can’t.‎ To make things even more complicated，almost all young adults feel at some point that the whole growing－up process is happening too quickly. __3.__ ‎ This year，TEENS has selected seven of the ten books； nominated(提名) for the US 2017 National Book Awards in the categories of Young People’s Literature.‎ Some stories are specifically written for teenagers or young adults，meaning that their authors are very ‎ sensitive to the “in－between” nature of teenage life.They’re about problems that appear for young people because of tensions between them and their parents and teachers，their siblings(兄弟姐妹)，or wider society.Often，these problems are presented very seriously by writers. __4.__ ‎ At the same time，fiction isn’t supposed to be just about the challenges people face in life，but also about how people overcome those problems. __5.__ They discover something about themselves that they never knew before，and which enables them to succeed.And the solution that they find opens the future up to them，setting them on the path to adulthood.‎ A．And they are in a challenging period of life.‎ B．But most importantly，great stories have a central drama.‎ C．To some degree，challenges bring out the best in characters.‎ D．But that’s what young adults want in fiction：to be taken seriously.‎ E．They want to hold back a little and remain a child a little longer.‎ F．These are stories that someone of any age could pick up and enjoy.‎ G．When closing a good book，we feel we’ve learned something about ourselves.‎ 文章大意：本篇文章是文学艺术类说明文。作者主要分析了优秀的小说的特点，着重分析了写给年轻人看的小说。‎ ‎2.A　解析：本空出现在段落中。根据后面的“On the one hand，they’re not children anymore.They’re growing up and want to stretch their wings.On the other hand，they’re not yet adults.They can’t do certain things，as they’re not yet able to do them or because the world tells them that they can’t”可以看出，这个时候的年轻人有着非常矛盾的心理感受，一方面想去做一些事情，另一方面又有一些事情不能做，所以答案是A“他们处于人生中一个很有挑战性的阶段”。‎ ‎3.E　解析：本句出现在段尾。根据上文中的“To make things even more complicated，almost all young adults feel at some point that the whole growing－up process is happening too quickly”可知，几乎所有的年轻人都会在某个阶段感觉整个成长过程发生得太快了，所以，他们希望时光能倒回一点，让他们再当一段时间的小孩子，所以答案是E。‎ ‎4.D　解析：本句出现在段尾。根据上文中的“Often，these problems are presented very seriously by ‎ writers”可知，作者通常会很认真地展现这些问题，而D项“但这正是年轻人在小说中想要(看到)的——被认真对待”能很好地承接上文，所以答案是D。‎ 三、‎ Last week the electricity in my flat went out.I had just got home from work and was happily making my tea，when all of a sudden I was surrounded by complete darkness.I tried to fix it but failed.I had to wait for an electrician to come in the morning. __1.__ ‎ I sat down to eat my half－cooked dinner.And then I wasn’t really sure what to do.My typical evening is spent watching the TV and looking through social media. __2.__ So for me it was an early night.And I couldn’t help but think，do we rely too much on electricity？ That night，losing our electricity felt like losing a basic necessity.As basic as running water. __3.__ I use electricity all the time，even when it’s not really necessary.‎ ‎ __4.__ It contributes to global warming.It is harming our environment and we need to do what we can to stop it.Not only that，but if we continue to use the same large amount of energy we will soon run out.‎ So，shouldn’t we start preparing for it now？ Cutting back on our use of electricity would make losing it slower，and also save energy resources so that they could last for longer. __5.__ And if everyone does the same，we can make a big difference.‎ A．Tonight this wasn’t possible.‎ B．Obviously，we can’t survive without it.‎ C．Our overuse of electricity is a big problem.‎ D．This left me a whole night without any electricity.‎ E．Electricity brings us convenience and trouble.‎ F．But really，electricity is a luxury that we’ve grown to take for granted.‎ G．I know for sure that I could cut down on my use of electricity.‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。下班回家正准备泡茶时，“我”突然遭遇了停电。这次停电经历让“我”反思：我们习惯于使用电，即使在不必要的时候；过度用电导致全球变暖、环境破坏；节约用电，从我做起！‎ ‎2.A　解析：根据空处前一句“My typical evening is spent watching the TV and looking through social media”可知，“我”一般习惯在晚上看电视以及浏览社交媒体；结合上文停电的叙述可知，今晚(做这些)是不可能了，故A项正确。‎ ‎3.F　解析：根据空前两句可知，停电让人感觉像是失去了自来水一样的必需品；根据空处后一句“I use electricity all the time，even when it’s not really necessary”可知，即使在没有必要的时候，“我”也在使用电。据此可知，F项“但事实上，电是一种奢侈品，我们将它视为理所当然的东西”，符合语境。此处luxury和necessity形成对比关系。‎ ‎4.C　解析：结合空后两句“It contributes to global warming.It is harming our environment and we need to do what we can to stop it”可知，过度用电导致全球变暖，破坏了我们的环境；据此可以判断，空处介绍过度用电这个问题，故C项与此处匹配。‎ ‎5.G　解析：根据空处前一句“Cutting back on our use of electricity would make losing it slower，and also save energy resources so that they could last for longer”可知，节约用电将会减缓资源损失速度；结合空处后一句“And if everyone does the same，we can make a big difference”可知，如果每个人都做同样的事情，那么我们将起到很大的作用；G项承上启下，故G项与此处匹配。‎ 四．‎ What to Do When Someone Doesn’t Like You When someone tells me “I don’t care if people like me”，they are showing me the emotional wall they use to block the hurt of rejection.‎ As humans are social animals，all of us care if people like us.Based on the need for social connection，your reactions to rejection and negative judgment can range from minor hurt to outbreaks of depression. __1.__ ‎ The first step to handle a negative situation is to recognize your reaction.Ask yourself，“What am I feeling？” __2.__ Any betrayal (背叛) or embarrassment in your heart？ Identify what feeling has shown up in your body，so you can choose what to do next.‎ ‎ __3.__ When you sense yourself shutting down or feeling defensive，ask yourself what the person actually meant to do to you.Did they truly mean to offend you，or make fun of you？ Your brain works very hard to keep you safe，so it will judge a situation as threatening if there is any possibility of social harm.‎ When our brains sense a possible threat，we react as if we were personally attacked.Take a breath to relieve the stress. __4.__ ‎ Finally，if you believe the person doesn’t like you，ask yourself if this matters. __5.__ If not，what can you do to release your need to be liked by this person？ And，what can you do to stay neutral and not return the dislike？ The more you can come to accept others as who they are，the more you can move forward with your goals regardless of if someone likes you or not.‎ A．If you can，look the person in his eyes.‎ B．Do you feel any fear or anger in your head？‎ C．Ask yourself what is true about the situation.‎ D．Often people do not realize the impact of their words.‎ E．Will the person’s judgment of you impact your work or life？‎ F．The ability to let a show of dislike roll off your back is a learned skill.‎ G．This will ground you in the present and take you out of your trembling mind.‎ 文章大意：本文主要介绍了摆脱不受别人喜欢的情况的方法和策略。‎ ‎2.B　解析：由空处承接上文“Ask yourself，’What am I feeling？’”可推知，此处表示个人的感情倾向，与下文“Any betrayal(背叛)or embarrassment in your heart”呼应，所以选B项。‎ ‎3.C　解析：由空处承接下文“When you sense yourself shutting down or feeling defensive，ask yourself what the person actually meant to do to you”可知，本段讲的是要搞清楚真实的状况，然后再具体地应对，故选C项。‎ ‎4.G　解析：由空处承接上文“Take a breath to relieve the stress”可推知，空处应进一步讲这样做的好处，所以选G项。‎ ‎5.E　解析：由空处承接上文“Finally，if you believe the person doesn’t like you，ask yourself if this matters”可推知，搞清楚他人的不喜欢对自己是否有影响对接下来的应对很重要，这种影响可能是工作或生活上的，所以选E项。‎ 五、‎ How to Be Productive in a Challenging Environment A lot of organizations deal with challenges like maintaining productivity and quality of work. __1.__ In this article，we’ll share with you a few essential tips on staying focused at work.‎ Prepare a to－do list.‎ Half the battle is won once you prioritize (优先处理)your tasks.Make a list of what need to be done.Plan your day through these lists and set realistic deadlines to accomplish each one of them. __2.__ ‎ Schedule your work.‎ Don’t overstretch yourself with your work. __3.__ To avoid burnout，take a walk to renew your brain，allowing it to concentrate better.Though breaks are essential for a healthy workday，you must learn to take them with a pinch of salt.Frequent breaks can be addictive and can affect your work.‎ ‎ __4.__ ‎ Nowadays，being online on various social media platforms is a trend.Several notifications (通知) pop up every now and then，commanding your attention.If you are constantly attending to such notifications，how are you supposed to do meaningful work？ While working on an important project，set your phone to silent mode or switch it off.If you really want to stay updated with your social media accounts，you can set specialized time slots to check your phone.‎ Cut outside noise.‎ Until you do away with noise，you won’t be able to focus.Limiting auditory distractions is crucial in increasing your attention span.You can use noise－canceling headphones for that. __5.__ In case that doesn’t solve the problem，choose remote work for a day or two to regain your lost focus.‎ Keep on practicing these positive habits and you’ll surely see a noticeable improvement in your productivity level at work.‎ A．Avoid distractions.‎ B．Take regular exercise.‎ C．Rather，split your work into parts.‎ D．Changing your working environment may have unexpected benefits.‎ E．When you start prioritizing tasks，you won’t just be focused but efficient，too.‎ F．If you still can’t concentrate，move to a quieter place，such as a conference room.‎ G．Managers are pressed to motivate their team members while boosting their productivity.‎ 文章大意：本文主要介绍了在工作中保持专注的一些建议。‎ ‎1.G　解析：根据本空前的句子“A lot of organizations deal with challenges like maintaining productivity and quality of work”可知，许多组织要应对既要保持生产效率又要保证工作质量的挑战。本题中的“productivity and quality of work”为关键词，故选G项。‎ ‎4.A　解析：根据上下文可知，本空为本段小标题，根据本段中的“While working on an important project，set your phone to silent mode or switch it off”可知，在做重要工作的时候要把手机调成静音或者关掉。因此本段主要讲的是在工作的时候要专心，不要分心，故选A项。‎ ‎5.F　解析：根据本段小题Cut outside noise及本空前的句子“You can use noise－canceling headphones for that”和空后的句子“In case that doesn’t solve the problem，choose remote work...”可知，前面讲了你可以使用消音耳机来消除外界的噪音，后面又讲了如果那也解决不了问题的话可以采用的方法。故本空应与上下文一致，介绍远离噪音的方法，F项(如果你仍然不能集中精力的话，搬到更安静的地方，比如会议室)符合题意。‎ 六、‎ A gratitude journal is a great way to keep yourself in a positive state of mind.This article will offer some tips for starting and keeping one.‎ ‎◆Make it a role to write down things you are thankful for per day. __1.__ This will make writing the journal more challenging as time goes on，but that’s how your awareness and thankfulness will grow.You’ll find new things to be thankful for that you hardly noticed before.‎ ‎◆Write about extended material things in your life. __2.__ For example，if you love to paint，you may be grateful for the paints that you have.Or，if you like music，you may be grateful for your CD collections.‎ ‎◆ __3.__ You can start by feeling grateful to be alive.Avoid the trap of being grateful for something that is better than what others have.Instead，compare whatever you are grateful for with how you would feel if you didn’t have it.‎ ‎◆Think about your abilities.You may start with basic abilities like your ability to see and hear. __4.__ Think about skillful things like dancing and singing，and your character like your skills in cheering up people or your skills in being a good friend.‎ ‎◆Consider the people in your life.Think about all the people you are grateful to and write down the reasons.It’s also good to write about the people that you don’t really like and find a reason to appreciate them. __5.__ After all，there is good in everyone.‎ A．Avoid repeating the same things.‎ B．Describe how you are grateful for what you have.‎ C．This can be difficult but very uplifting.‎ D．Then progress to those that are unique to you.‎ E．Feel grateful for any advantage you may have.‎ F．These things vary greatly depending on your interests.‎ G．In this way，everything will become more heartwarming.‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一些写感恩日志的建议。‎ ‎2.F　解析：下文说，如果你喜欢画画，你可能会感激你所拥有的颜料，或者，如果你喜欢音乐，你可能会感激你的CD收藏。F项表示这些事情会因你的兴趣而有很大不同，前后逻辑一致，其中love to paint和like music与interests对应，故选F项。‎ ‎3.B　解析：结合其他段可知，空处位于段首，为段落主题句。下文提到你可以从感激自己活着开始，而B项表示“描述你是如何感激你所拥有的”，符合语境，其中what you have亦为提示，故选B项。‎ ‎4.D　解析：本段的主旨是想想你自己的能力。上文提到你可以从感激你有基本的能力开始，如看和听的能力；下文提到思考一些需要技巧的事情，如跳舞和唱歌；前后为递进关系，D项提到然后感激那些你特有的能力，前后语义衔接，故选D项。‎ ‎5.C　解析：上文提到把你不喜欢的人写下来，找一个欣赏他们的理由也很好，根据常识及下文可知，空处应表示这可能很难，但非常令人振奋，故选C项。‎ 七、‎ Many people think only professionals—engineers，accountants，teachers，etc.—have careers. __1.__ Even if you’ve never had a paid job，you still have a career.Your career is the sum of your life and work.It includes all your activities and experiences.Your schooling，your volunteer work，and even your relationships with your family are all big parts of your career. __2.__ ‎ During your career，you will have a variety of jobs，occupations and roles.People used to think of a job as fulltime，permanent，paid work done for an employer at a work site.But in our changing world，a job is a set of duties or tasks.It can be paid or unpaid. __3.__ Even someone who is self－employed has a job.‎ An occupation is a group of jobs with similar responsibilities that require a common set of skills. __4.__ Programmers may have permanent or temporary jobs working for specific employers，be self－employed，work full－time or part－time，be paid for their work or volunteer their services.They may change jobs or hold several jobs at one time but，until they change the type of duties or tasks they perform，they are still computer programmers.‎ ‎ __5.__ We all play a number of roles in our lives and our roles often change over time.For example，Kris works four days a week as a receptionist in a clinic and takes evening courses in social work.She also sews gymnastic wear for her neighbor who sells it at summer markets.Now Kris has at least three roles.‎ A．A role is a part you play.‎ B．Actually everyone has a career.‎ C．In other words，your career is your life story.‎ D．For example，a computer programmer is an occupation.‎ E．As a matter of fact，a job is different from a role in some way.‎ F．It can be completed at a work site，at home，or somewhere else.‎ G．The following is about your work，your family，and your life story.‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了每个人都有自己的事业。在事业生涯中，每个人都会从事各种各样的工作、职业、担任各种各样的角色。‎ ‎2.C　解析：根据前一句“你的教育，你的志愿者工作，甚至你和你的家人的关系都是你事业的重要组成部分”可知，C选项“换句话说，你的事业就是你的生活故事”是对上文的总结，故选C。‎ ‎3.F　解析：根据上文中的“But in our changing world，a job is a set of duties or tasks.It can be paid or unpaid”可知，在不断变化的世界里，我们对工作的认识有所变化，且根据空前“It can be paid or unpaid”的句式结构可知选F。‎ ‎4.D　解析：根据空处前一句“职业是一组具有相似职责的工作，需要一套共同的技能”和空处后对“Programmers”的工作介绍可知，D项符合语境，起到承上启下的作用，为下文举例说明什么是职业做好铺垫。‎ 八、‎ Helen Keller once wrote，“The unselfish effort to bring cheer to others will be the beginning of a happier life for ourselves.” __1.__ The UN has set December 5 as International Volunteer Day to give recognition to these people.‎ Nineteen－year－old Andrew Makhoul was a communications major at the University of Pennsylvania.It was coming up to spring break，but unlike his classmates，Makhoul wasn’t planning on spending the break relaxing. __2._ ‎ He traveled to Guatemala.He went to an orphanage(孤儿院) in one of the most violent and poor parts of Guatemala City. __3.__ Although he didn’t speak much Spanish，he found communication wasn’t a problem：“You communicated with love.”And what he gave out，he got back：“ You could see love when you looked in their eyes.”‎ Makhoul’s first time as a volunteer only lasted a week，but by the end of that week，he knew he’d be back in the future.‎ ‎ __4.__ The UN highlighted the case of Palestinian women who are survivors of breast cancer.As part of the UN’s Aid and Hope Programme for Cancer Patient Care，the women have been volunteering their time to create low－cost breast prostheses (假 体) to be distributed to women for free，among whom Shahd El－Swerki is a brilliant example. __5.__ By the end of her time there，she admired these women who are “not only survivors but also volunteers”.‎ About 2，400 years ago，Greek philosopher Aristotle said，“The essence (本质) of life is to serve others and do good.” Volunteers all around the world are making these words come true，each and every day.‎ A．It depends upon volunteers to stay open.‎ B．She worked with the women as part of the programme.‎ C．Here，we tell two volunteering stories from around the globe.‎ D．Sometimes，volunteers themselves live with huge challenges.‎ E．He decided to spend his time doing something useful for people.‎ F．Volunteers want to do their best to make the world warmer and more beautiful.‎ G. These words certainly prove true for the millions of volunteers all over the world.‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了志愿活动的意义以及一些志愿者所从事的志愿活动。‎ ‎2.E　解析：上文说假期就要开始了，但是和他的同学不同的是，Makhoul不打算把时间花在休息上。正项表示他决定把时间花在为人们做一些有用的事情上，符合语境，故选E。‎ ‎3.A　解析：上文说他去危地马拉城局势最动荡和最贫困的其中一个地区的一家孤儿院，A项表示它依靠志愿者来维持运行。根据常识和语境可知，A项与此处匹配。A项中的It指代上文的an orphanage。‎ ‎4.D　解析：下文说乳腺癌的幸存者已经自愿花时间去制作低成本乳房假体，并且免费分发给其他女性(乳腺癌的幸存者)，其中Shahd El－Swerki就是一个杰出的例子。D项表示有时志愿者自己也面临着巨大的挑战，概括准确，故选D。‎ ‎5.B　解析：上文提到Shahd El－Swerki是一个乳腺癌幸存者但仍然作为志愿者帮助他人，下文说在哪里的一段时间结束后，她钦佩这些女性既是幸存者又是志愿者。故B项“作为项目的一部分，她与这些女性一起工作”，承上启下，符合语境，故选B。‎ 九、‎ It is necessary to be reasonable and flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much as possible and live in peace with others. 　　1.　　 If you have done all your best to avoid conflicts and you are still arguing, then read these effective tips on how to avoid conflicts.‎ Don't get in the center of the conflict.‎ Sometimes people can get in the center of conflicts due to their enthusiasm for offering help. Frankly speaking, it is very unwise, because it can make you the main figure of the conflict. 　　2.　　 You should focus on your own life issues. ‎ Be kind.‎ ‎　　3.　　 Life is full of conflicts and disagreements, and that's why you should find more conservative ways of dealing with them. For example, kindness can lessen the conflict. ‎ Try to be a peacekeeper.‎ Peacekeepers tend to cooperate with people without bad emotions which usually lead to arguments and even conflicts. “　　4.　　”This saying is the life motto of a natural－born peacekeeper. Don't worry if you are not a natural－born peacekeeper; you can gain this skill during life.‎ Walk off.‎ When the conflict is gathering pace and you can't manage to control yourself, you should choose to handle the situation in another way. By all means, try to keep yourself away from stress. 　　5.　　 You should get away from the situation for a while. ‎ A．The greatest victory is a battle not fought.‎ B．Conflicts are unavoidable, so try to accept them.‎ C．Weak people usually desire others to offer help and support.‎ D．Let other people solve their problems without your presence.‎ E．It is helpful to put some distance between yourself and the opponent.‎ F．When someone pushes you to the limit, try to act kindly towards this person.‎ G．Arguing can either break your friendship or affect your relationship to some degree.‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几条有效避免冲突的建议。‎ ‎[段意梳理]　‎ 第一段：开门见山，给出全文话题——避免冲突很有必要，将介绍几条避免冲突的建议。‎ 第二段：避免冲突的建议之一——不要卷入冲突中心。‎ 第三段：避免冲突的建议之二——要和善。‎ 第四段：避免冲突的建议之三——努力成为调解人。‎ 第五段：避免冲突的建议之四——远离冲突。‎ ‎2.D　解析：根据空后一句“You should focus on your own life issues”可知，作者建议把注意力集中在自己的事情上；据此可以判断，空处建议“让其他人自己解决他们自己的问题”，故D项符合文意。‎ ‎3.F　解析：根据该段标题“Be kind”可知，该段主要阐述“和善待人”的建议，这与F项中的“try to ack kindly towards this person”照应，故F项符合文意。‎ ‎4.A　解析：根据空后一句“This saying is the life motto of a natural－born peacekeeper”可以判断，空处是调解人的一句格言。A项意为“最伟大的胜利是一场没有战斗的斗争”，符合文意，故A项正确。‎ ‎5.E　解析：根据空前一句“By all means, try to keep yourself away from stress”可知，这时作者建议要远离冲突，离开对手；据此可知E项符合文意。‎ 十、‎ How to Make Sure You Enjoy Your Trip A trip is a planned destination where one arranges in advance in which the main purpose is to search for adventure and to create a memorable moment. Here are the steps on how to make sure your trip is enjoyable.‎ ‎●Plan it well. Trips are ideally planned for them to go well. 　　1.　　 A check list is helpful, making sure you've got all your needs.‎ ‎●Pack necessities. Bring what you need. Trips are short journeys and belong to the sub－level of traveling. Pack only the things you need.　　2. ‎ ‎●Be safe. To be cautious is smart. No matter what you are up to, surfing, cliff diving, snowboarding, scuba diving... , it is always recommended to be safe. 　　3.　　 Don't be stubborn and put yourself in harm when there are precautions.‎ ‎●　　4.　　 You may see delays, a different culture, lifestyle, food, and even a shortage of cash sometimes—these are all what travel is about—experiencing things with a new perspective. Once you expect to experience new things, you'll be a happy traveler and free from stress.‎ ‎●Save the memory. 　　5.　　 This is not one of those regular days so you ought to save the moment. It will make your trip more enjoyable after all that craziness; you get something to review the good times.‎ A．Travel with an open mind.‎ B．Get prepared for everything new.‎ C．This is all we expect from a trip.‎ D．Seize the moment by taking pictures.‎ E．It is important to wear protective equipment when advisable.‎ F．It is easy to get tired if you have too many things in your package.‎ G．Take your time, a day or a week ahead to make a plan for your trip.‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了五条让旅行更愉快的建议，包括精心计划、打包必备物品、注意旅行安全、敞开心扉旅行、保存美好记忆。‎ ‎2.F　解析：根据空前一句“Pack only the things you need”可知，仅带上必要的东西；据此可以判断，空处介绍带上不必要的东西的麻烦，故选F项。‎ 十一、‎ Developing good study habits isn't easy. 　　1.　　 In this way, you'll become more and more successful as a student.‎ Start by allowing no interruptions. 　　2.　　 You have to give 100 percent of your attention to your work. Don't allow yourself to be distracted by friends or fellow students. Keep your goal in mind; know what you have to do and when it needs to be done. Don't let other people influence you into not doing your work.‎ ‎　3.　 If you study best in the morning, plan to do your hardest subjects first. Remember not to leave today's work till tomorrow. A delay like this is called “procrastnation”. If you delay for any reason, you'll find it more and more difficult to get things done when you need to. You may rush to make up the time you wasted getting started, resulting in carelessness and error filled work. ‎ Another good way to study is to take part in partnered and group－study sessions. These allow students to share ideas, and help each other deal with difficult material. 　　4.　　‎ Forming good study habits can be difficult at first, and requires energy and a strong will. But if you commit yourself to it, success will be yours. 　　5.　　 By doing so, you will know that you have tried. If you are satisfied with what you've done and know that you have tried your best, your grade will be the icing on the cake.‎ A．Figure out when you're most productive.‎ B．It's impossible to study while chatting or watching TV.‎ C．Always give your best in the classroom and in study sessions.‎ D．Putting off your task for any reason can make it difficult to finish on time.‎ E．You may do well enough but maybe you can hardly achieve your goal easily.‎ F．But start with a plan, put in a lot of hard work, and studying will become easier.‎ G．In addition, learning among students is a good way of getting a firmer grasp of the material.‎ 文章大意：本文主要介绍了养成良好的学习习惯的方法和策略。‎ ‎3.A　解析：承接下文“If you study best in the morning，plan to do your hardest subjects first”并根据本段的整体内容可推知，本段主要讲的是弄清楚学习的最佳时机，所以选A项。‎ ‎4.G　解析：承接上文“These allow students to share ideas，and help each other deal with difficult material”可知，集体学习有助于分享观点，帮助彼此解决困难的学习材料，从而更牢固地掌握学习内容，所以选G项。‎ ‎5.C　解析：承接下文“By doing so，you will know that you have tried.If you are satisfied with what you’ve done and know that you have tried your best，your grade will be the icing on the cake”可推知，在学习过程中要竭尽全力才能够成功，所以选C项。‎ 十二、‎ Self－talk helps us all Talking to yourself may seem a little shameful. If you've ever been overheard criticizing yourself for a foolish mistake or practicing a speech, you'll know the social problems it can cause. 　　1.　　 Talking to ourselves, whether out loud or silently in our heads，is valuable. Far from being a sign of madness, selftalk allows us to plan what we are going to do, manage our activities and control our emotions.‎ Psychologists call self－talk the private speech—language that is spoken out loud but directed at yourself. We do a lot of it when we are young. As children, we use private speeches to control our actions in the same way that we use public speeches to control the behavior of others：　　2.　　‎ Psychological experiments have shown that this so－called inner speech can improve our performance in tasks like telling what other people are thinking. One recent study suggests that self－talk is the most effective when we talk to ourselves in the second person: as “you” rather than“ I”．‎ We keep the private speech we use as children inside—but we never truly put away the out loud version. 　　3.　　 You're sure to see an athlete shouting at himself or herself.‎ ‎　　4.　　 Hearing different points of view means our thoughts can end up in different places, leading to a solution to a problem，just like a regular dialogue, and might turn out to be one of the keys to human creativity.‎ Both kinds of self－talk—silent and out loud—seem to bring many different benefits to our thinking.　　5.　　‎ A．But there's no need for embarrassment.‎ B．If you want proof，turn on a sports channel. ‎ C．As we grow older，we keep this system inside. ‎ D．Take a trip to any preschool and watch a small child playing with toys.‎ E．Words to the self, spoken silently or aloud, are so much more than just chatter.‎ F．According to the well－known saying, talking to yourself is the first sign of madness.‎ G．Self－talk seems to be a very good way of solving problems and working through ideas.‎ ‎3.B　解析：根据下文的“You're sure to see an athlete shouting at himself or herself”可推知，我们看电视时会看到运动员冲自己大声叫喊，所以选B项。‎ ‎4.G　解析：根据下文的“leading to a solution to a problem”可知，自言自语也是一种很好的解决问题、理清思路的办法，所以选G项。‎ ‎5.E　解析：根据上文的“Both kinds of self－talk—silent and out load—seem to bring many different benefits to our thinking”及文章的主题可推知，此处指自言自语益处多多，比聊天好许多，所以选E项。‎ 十三、‎ Mary had feared the day she would draw a blank during a presentation. Then one day during a 45－minute speech, it happened. 　　1.　　. To help herself get back on track, Mary asked the audience to look at the handout and tell herself what topic was up next. At the end of her presentation, audience members gave her top marks for organization.‎ ‎“What I learned is that the audience doesn't care if you mess up, and what they care about is what you are going to do about it，” Mary said. “My nervousness went away when I concentrated not on myself, but instead just thought, ‘How is my speech going to help the audience？’ 　　2.　　. Every single step of the way, ask yourself, What's in it for them？'”‎ ‎　3.　　‎ Carter is the founder of a Canada－based presentation skills training company. When possible, he gets to the location of his presentation the day before to make sure all the electronic aids work. He wants to ensure the screen, lighting and inputs all work properly.“ In addition, build an extra plan before you present, ”he said.‎ Involve the audience Whether you are giving a one－on－one talk or a speech in front of 400 people, think “story－telling”. 　　4.　　. The way to a person's head is through their heart. Sometimes all it takes is a few seconds to connect an audience member with a story.‎ Moreover, one thing that shocks people back into attention is to leave an almost uncomfortably long pause.　　5.　　‎ A．Keep order B．Be prepared C．That brings them back to the speaker D．She forgot what she was going to say E．Once you do that, you will get rid of the fear F．Story－telling makes messages easy to remember G．Stories combine data and information with emotion ‎3.B　解析：Carter做演讲前会去演讲场地检查设备能否使用，这些都是为演讲做准备，所以选B项。‎ ‎4.G　解析：对应前面的story－telling，此处表示故事把信息、数据和感情融合起来，这样就容易进入观众的内心，打动观众。所以选G项。‎ ‎5.C　解析：空前的“shocks people back into attention”与选项C中的“brings them back to the speaker”相对应，表示长时间的停顿会唤回观众的注意。所以选C项。‎