【英语】湖北省沙市中学2019-2020学年高一上学期期末考试试题(解析版)

【英语】湖北省沙市中学2019-2020学年高一上学期期末考试试题(解析版)

湖北省沙市中学2019-2020学年高一上学期期末考试 英语试题 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. What is the woman?‎ A. A student. B. A secretary. C. A teacher.‎ ‎2. What does the woman say about Tom?‎ A. He works hard B. He is clever. C. He is popular.‎ ‎3. What are the speakers talking about?‎ A. Where to meet Mr Jackson.‎ B. Whether to call Mr Jackson.‎ C. When to meet Mr Jackson.‎ ‎4. How will the man go to the airport tomorrow?‎ A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By car.‎ ‎5. Where will the woman go tonight?‎ A. To a party. B. To a theatre. C. To the man’s home.‎ 第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读或独白两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。‎ ‎6. What is the boy’s favourite song?‎ A. My Love. B. Yesterday Once More. C. My Heart Will Go on.‎ ‎7. What does the boy think of the song My Heart Will Go On?‎ A. Noisy. B. Boring. C. Great.‎ 第7段材料，回答第8、9题。‎ ‎8. Where does the man like to go?‎ A. To an island. B. To the beach. C. To a pub.‎ ‎9. What does the woman like doing?‎ A. Being away from the tourists.‎ B. Meeting people when she is on holiday.‎ C. Making friends with people who speak Spanish.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10. What was the man doing at noon?‎ A. Selling tickets of a dancing party.‎ B. Putting up posters of a dancing party.‎ C. Handing out leaflets（传单） on a dancing party.‎ ‎11. What does the man think of his work in the Students’ Union?‎ A. It’s a great honour.‎ B. It’s a waste of time.‎ C. It’s full of useful experience.‎ ‎12. What relation is the woman to the man?‎ A. His teacher. B. His mother. C. His classmate.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。‎ ‎13. What does the man say about his new neighbourhood?‎ A. There is no store nearby.‎ B. There is slight air pollution.‎ C. There is no heavy traffic.‎ ‎14. How long does it take the man to drive to work?‎ A. About 20 minutes. B. About 30 minutes. C. About 40 minutes.‎ ‎15. How does the woman go to work every day?‎ A. By subway. B. By bus. C. By car.‎ ‎16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?‎ A. A couple. B. Neighbours. C. Workmates.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17. Where is the speaker from?‎ A. India. B. America. C. Venezuela.‎ ‎18. How old was the speaker when he moved to South America?‎ A. 19. B. 20. C. 21.‎ ‎19. What was the speaker’s major in the university?‎ A. Japanese history. B. English literature. C. Spanish education.‎ ‎20. What does the speaker like doing in his spare time?‎ A. Cycling. B. Playing football. C. Listening to music.‎ 第二部分 单项选择（每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎1.The truth is: our problem helps to make us what we are. Those who _______ often learn the value of mercy. Those who struggle often learn perseverance（坚持）.‎ A. work B. win C. admit D. suffer ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意： 事实是我们的麻烦有助于让我们成为我们要成为的人。受过苦的那些人懂得同情的重要性。那些奋斗的人懂得坚持的重要性。A. work工作；B. win获胜；C. admit承认；D. suffer受苦。懂得同情的人是经历过苦难的，故选D。‎ ‎2.If you have a good ___________ of English, it is easier for you to find a job there.‎ A. control B. command C. conquer D. request ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你英语说得很好，那么在那儿找工作就更容易了。‎ A.control控制；B. command 掌握；C. conquer征服；D. request请求。have a good command of 是固定搭配，意为“能驾御…，很会…”，have a good command of English，意为“能自由地使用英语”，符合句意，故选B。‎ ‎3.So, how do you like to do that? We could use a sponge, a towel or a mop? Which do you _______?‎ A. have B. clean C. prefer D. accept ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那么，你想怎样做呢？我们可以用海绵，毛巾或拖把吗？你喜欢哪个？A. have有；B. clean清洗；C. prefer更喜欢；D. accept接受。在海绵，毛巾或拖把三个东西中做选择，你更喜欢哪一个，故选C。‎ ‎4.The other day a young actor died suddenly when performing in a TV show, which ______everyone.‎ A. frightened B. shocked C. determined D. excited ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：前几天，一位年轻演员在参与电视节目表演时突然死亡，这震惊了所有人。A. frighten使惊吓， 使惊恐；B. shock使震惊；C. determine决定，下决心；D. excite使激动。shock偏重使某人意想不到,因此选用shock符合句意，故选B。‎ ‎5.We felt it would be a good experience for our children to grow up seeing other cultures and learning to love others as a(n) ________.‎ A. company B. reminder C. equal D. hero ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们认为，让孩子在成长的过程中接触到其他文化并学会平等地爱别人是很好的体验。A. company公司；B. reminder提醒；C. equal同等的人，相等物；D. hero英雄。as an equal 相当于equally，修饰love others，意为“平等地爱别人”，故选C。‎ ‎6.――Timmy, it is heavily raining out.‎ ‎——________, we must finish this work today.‎ A. However B. Anyhow C. Therefore D. Though ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：---Timmy，正在下大雨。---无论如何，我们今天必须完成这项工作。A. however然而；B. anyhow无论如何；C. therefore因此；D. though虽然。根据语境，不论雨怎么下都要完成工作，应使用anyhow符合语意，故选B。‎ ‎7.They _______ in the newspaper that they had a used car for sale.‎ A. told B. advised C. admitted D. advertised ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在报纸上登广告说他们有一辆二手车要出售。A. tell告诉；B. advise建议；C. admit承认；D. advertise做广告。可以通过报纸发布售车广告，符合语意，故选D。‎ ‎8.She remembered everything in childhood _______ they had just happened.‎ A. as if B. so long as C. even if D. now that ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：她记得儿时的一切，就好像它们刚刚发生一样。A. as if好像；B. so long as只要；C. even if即使；D. now that既然，由于。as if引导方式状语从句，意为“仿佛，好像”，表示“事情发生在过去，好像是刚刚发生一样”，因此该句话使用了虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。故选A。‎ ‎【点睛】as if (though) 从句中的虚拟语气 以as if (as though)引导的方式状语从句或表语从句，有时用虚拟语气，若表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时；若表示与过去事实相反，用过去完成时；表示将来的可能性不大，用would (might, could)+动词原形：‎ He acts as if he knew me. 他显得认识我似的。‎ They treat me as though I were a stranger. 他们待我如陌生人。‎ He talked as if he had been abroad. 他说起话来好像曾经出过国。‎ He opened his mouth as if he would say something. 他张开嘴好像要说什么。‎ 本题中“她记得儿时的一切，就好像它们刚刚发生一样”，但是儿时的事情已经很遥远，并不是刚刚发生，因此从句中使用了虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反，从句的时态为过去完成时（they had just happened），因此本题选择A。‎ ‎9.Little Johnny felt the bag, curious to know what it ____.‎ A. collected B. contained C. loaded D. saved ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：小强尼摸了摸那口袋，很想知道包里面装的是什么。A. collect收集；B. contain包含，容纳；C. load装载；D. save节约，节省。由“Little Johnny felt the bag, curious to know ”可知，小强尼想知道包里面装的是什么，所以contained“ 包含，容纳”符合句意。故选B项。‎ ‎10.I would like to thank all of you who made the effort. It is a relief that employees so clearly show their _______ to their job. Thank you.‎ A. devotion B. application C. connection D. invitation ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我要感谢所有付出努力的人。员工们如此热爱自己的工作让人感到欣慰。谢谢。A. devotion奉献，专心；B. application申请；C. connection 联系；D. invitation邀请。devotion to 意为“献身于，热爱”，因此使用devotion符合句意，故选A。‎ 第三部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）‎ 第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C）中，选出最佳选项。‎ A The new garbage sorting regulation(规定) has taken effect in Shanghai July 1. Many citizens are still confused about the four different types of garbage. Thankfully, the government has released(发布) an official guideline to make the new rules clear.‎ The guideline, published by Shanghai provides a rather clear definition（定义） on the four kinds of waste: recyclable waste, hazardous (有害的）waste，household food waste and residual (剩余的）waste.‎ Specific as the new guideline is, residents still have a hard time sorting trash correctly and are finding it challenging to memorize them all. "We should do this from a pig’s angle, "commented one netizen, "Those that can be eaten by pigs are household food waste. Those even pigs don't want to eat are residual waste. If a pig consumes something and dies of it,then something must be hazardous waste. Those that can be sold to gain some money used to purchase pigs are recyclable waste."‎ Garbage sorting is not only beneficial to the environment and a way of handling global warming, but is also good for business and industry.It saves energy. That's because it's cheaper to recover raw materials(原材料) from recycled waste than go through the former producing processes(过程).‎ One resident in Switzerland once said, "If you get used to it,it becomes normal. Now I don’t think much about it. It's become an instinct. " At present, those who do not sort their trash properly will be fined RMB200, but we hope one day the environmental protection will also become our instinct soon.‎ ‎11. What do the old books you want to throw away belong to?‎ A. Residual waste. B. Hazardous waste.‎ C. Recyclable waste. D. Household food waste.‎ ‎12. Which of the following best explains "instinct" underlined in the last paragraph?‎ A. instruction. B. habit.‎ C. motivation. D. challenge.‎ ‎13. Why is garbage sorting beneficial to business and industry?‎ A. It can deal with global warming.‎ B. It can make more raw materials.‎ C. It can lower the cost by simplifying the process.‎ D. It can make the former producing processes easier.‎ ‎14. What’s the best title for the text?‎ A. Shanghai Garbage Sorting Regulation Begins.‎ B. People Are Still Confused About Garbage Sorting.‎ C. Four Sorts of Garbage Are Forbidden in Shanghai.‎ D. Shanghai Citizens Support the Garbage Sorting Policy.‎ ‎【答案】11. C 12. B 13. C 14. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了上海的垃圾分类指南及相关规定出台后人们的反应。‎ ‎11. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“Those that can be sold to gain some money used to purchase pigs are recyclable waste.”可知，那些可以出售以获得一些用于购买猪的钱的是可回收垃圾，因此旧书应属于可回收垃圾，故选C。‎ ‎12. 词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段中“One resident in Switzerland once said, "If you get used to it, it becomes normal. Now I don’t think much about it. ”可知，瑞士的一位居民曾说：“如果你习惯了垃圾分类，它就会成为很正常的一件事情。现在我都不怎么去想了。”这说明垃圾分类已经成为人们生活中的一部分，人们就会觉得这是很自然的，即它已经是人们的生活习惯之一了，所以habit“习惯”最能解释换线词“instinct”。故选B。‎ ‎13. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“It saves energy. That's because it's cheaper to recover raw materials(原材料) from recycled waste than go through the former producing processes(过程).”可知，垃圾分类对工商业都有好处在于它可以节约能源，这是因为从回收的废物中回收原材料比以前的生产过程要便宜，所以为什么垃圾分类对商业和工业有益是因为它可以通过简化过程来降低成本。故选C。‎ ‎14. 主旨大意题。根据文章第一句话“The new garbage sorting regulation(规定) has taken effect in Shanghai July 1.”‎ 可知，新的垃圾分类条例已于七月一日在上海生效，因此本文主要介绍了上海的垃圾分类政策的出台，因此A项（上海垃圾分类条例开始实施）可以作为文章标题，故选A。‎ B Limited to a narrow seat for hours with just a tiny bag of cookies and orange juice to comfort yourself, the last thing you feel like doing when you get off a plane is to wait around for your bags. The easy choice when traveling has been to limit yourself to a carry-on suitcase and pray it fits in the overhead bin. Not only does it get you out of the airport faster but it’s also free. Not any longer, however.‎ Recently, some airlines are starting to charge for carry-on bags, and travelers aren’t at all happy about it. Packing light might not be a choice anymore when looking for tips to get the best airfare possible.‎ Some smaller airlines such as Frontier and Spirit have always charged customers for carry-on bags, but now bigger name airlines, such as United, are starting to do it too. When you buy a Basic Economy ticket through United，you’re not allowed a full-size carry-on bag unless you’re a Mileageplus Premier member. If you forget to check your bag before security and bring it all the way to the gate, not only will you pay the checked-bag fee, but you’ll have to pay an additional $ 25 gate handling charge. Not the best way to start off a trip. Don’t miss these additional things airlines don’t want to tell you but every flier should be aware of.‎ You might think that the new carry-on bag guidelines are due to space limitations in the overhead bins, but it has more to do with on-time rates（准时率）. Aviation economies experts and seniors vice president of ICF Aviation Samuel Engel told Vox that the biggest bottleneck when it comes to boarding is carry-on luggage. For every minute a plane isn’t in the air, it’s losing money. A delayed flight makes the crew(乘务人员) look bad and passengers very angry So, the next time you fly, plan to check your bag before security, pay a bit more for your ticket so you are allowed a carry-on, or try rolling a week’s worth of clothes into a backpack, a still-allowed “personal item”.‎ ‎15. What does the first paragraph intend to tell?‎ A. People’s anger during a flight B. People’s attitude toward waiting for luggage C. Convenience for carry-on suitcases D. New policies for free carry-on suitcases ‎16. Which of the following is NOT the reason why more airlines begin to charge for carry-ons?‎ A. Space limitations. B. Passengers’ support C. On-time rates D. Increasing costs.‎ ‎17. What is the main idea of the passage?‎ A. Tips for dealing with increasing carry-on rates B. Instructions before taking a flight C. Passengers’complaints(抱怨) about the airlines.‎ D. More airlines are starting to charge for carry-on bags ‎【答案】15. D 16. B 17. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了航空公司开始对乘客的随身行李收费并分析了其中的原因。‎ ‎15. 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Not only does it get you out of the airport faster but it’s also free. Not any longer, however.”的描述可知，旅行时携带一个手提箱里，并放在头顶的箱子里。它不仅能让你更快地离开机场，而且是免费的。不过，不会再这样了，因此第一段主要讲述的是免费携带行李箱的新政策，故选D。‎ ‎16. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“You might think that the new carry-on bag guidelines are due to space limitations in the overhead bins, but it has more to do with on-time rates（准时率）. Aviation economies experts and seniors vice president of ICF Aviation Samuel Engel told Vox that the biggest bottleneck when it comes to boarding is carry-on luggage. For every minute a plane isn’t in the air, it’s losing money.”可知，你可能会认为新的随身行李指南是由于头顶储物箱的空间限制，但它更多的是与准时率有关。飞机每一分钟不在空中，就在赔钱。可以看出更多航空公司开始收取随身行李费用的原因有三个，即A（空间限制）、C（准时率）、D（成本的增加）。因此排除B项（乘客的支持），故选B。‎ ‎17. 主旨大意题。根据文章前三段中Not only does it get you out of the airport faster but it’s also free. Not any longer, however. Recently, some airlines are starting to charge for carry-on bags. Some smaller airlines such as Frontier and Spirit have always charged customers for carry-on bags, but now bigger name airlines, such as United, are starting to do it too.‎ 的描述可知，航空公司对于随身行李不收费的政策发生了改变。由最初的一些较小的航空公司向顾客收取随身行李的费用到现在大牌航空公司也开始这样做了。因此本文主要讲述的是越来越多的航空公司开始对随身行李收费，故选D。‎ C When was the last time you saw some dolphins at an aquarium? Was it fun to watch? Do you think the dolphins enjoyed it? A new film shows just exactly where some of these dolphins come from. And it isn't pleasant.‎ The Cove is a documentary film with a lot of blood…dolphin blood. It's all about dolphin drive hunting, which is a method of hunting dolphins that fishermen use. They use boats to drive the dolphins into a bay or onto a beach. Once there, the dolphins are prevented from escaping and are then killed in the water with knives or spears.‎ The dolphins are mostly hunted for their meat, but some are captured and ended up in dolphinariums, including the world famous Sea World parks. This form of dolphin killing takes place in many places around the world. There are dolphin drive hunts in the Solomon Islands, Peru and the Faroe Islands.‎ The Cove focuses on a particular dolphin hunt near the town of Taiji in Japan.‎ Every year, more than 2,000 dolphins are driven into a cove near the town and killed. The documentary film is directed by former National Geographic photographer Louis Psihoyos, and was made secretly throughout 2007 using underwater microphones, and a hidden camera. Also appearing in the film is Ric O’ Barry, the director of saving Japan dolphins, and also a marine mammal expert. He trained dolphins for the popular 1960s TV series Flipper. He is praised for having started the dolphin entertainment industry but has spent most of his life fighting against it.‎ So what do the people of Taiji think about it? Many feel that they are being unfairly selected out. The town of Taiji has a 400-year history of whale and dolphin hunting and its fishermen only catch about 20% of Japan's yearly dolphin quota(份额).‎ Masashi Nishimura, manager of the Japan Fisheries Association's International section said,“ I don't think it's a big topic here,” he said, “as long as the killing is humane（人道的）, dolphins are like other animals to us.”‎ But for many people, dolphins are special. They are clearly highly intelligent mammals and they often form strong bonds of friendship with humans. Primates such as chimpanzees, gorillas ‎ and orangutans are all protected species. Should these levels of protection be extended to marine mammals too? Many believe they should.‎ ‎18. Which of the following is not TRUE according to the passage?‎ A. Fishermen use boats to drive the dolphins into a bay.‎ B. There are dolphin drive hunts in the Solomon Island.‎ C. Underwater microphones were used to make the film.‎ D. All the dolphins caught in Japan are sold for meat.‎ ‎19. What is Masashi Nishimura’s attitude towards the killings?‎ A. Cold. B. Regretful.‎ C. Unfair D. unsupportive ‎20. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?‎ A. To introduce a documentary film The Cove.‎ B. To show how The Cove was made.‎ C. To encourage people to protect dolphins.‎ D. To describe what is happening to dolphins.‎ ‎【答案】18. D 19. A 20. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。一部新的电影记录片记录了渔民捕猎海豚以获得海豚肉和将其放入水族馆以供人观赏，这部电影反映了海豚令人担忧的处境，以此呼唤人们来保护海豚。‎ ‎18. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“They use boats to drive the dolphins into a bay or onto a beach.”可知，渔民用小船将海豚驱赶到海湾或海滩上，A项正确；根据文章第三段中“There are dolphin drive hunts in the Solomon Islands”可知，所罗门群岛有狩猎海豚的活动，‎ B项正确；根据文章第五段中“The documentary film is directed… and was made secretly throughout 2007 using underwater microphones,”可知，这部纪录片在制作过程中使用了水下麦克风，C项正确。根据文章第三段中The dolphins are mostly hunted for their meat, but some are captured and ended up in dolphinariums,可知，这些海豚大多被捕猎以获取它们的肉，但其中一些被捕获并最终送到海豚馆，D项（在日本捕获的所有海豚均以肉类出售）不合文意，故选D。‎ ‎19. 推理判断题。根据文章第七段中“Masashi Nishimura… said,“ I don't think it's a big topic here,” he said, “as long as the killing is humane（人道的）, dolphins are like other animals to us.”‎ 可知，在Masashi Nishimura看来，捕杀海豚不是一个多大的事情，只要捕杀是人道的，捕杀海豚和其他动物是一样的。因此Masashi Nishimura是支持捕杀海豚的，这是冷酷无情的体现，故选A。‎ ‎20. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“A new film shows just exactly where some of these dolphins come from. And it isn't pleasant.”可知，通过一部新电影看到水族馆中海豚的来源时是令人感到不愉快的。根据文章最后一段中They are clearly highly intelligent mammals and they often form strong bonds of friendship with humans. Primates such as chimpanzees, gorillas and orangutans are all protected species. Should these levels of protection be extended to marine mammals too? Many believe they should.可知，海豚是高度聪明的哺乳动物，它们经常与人类建立牢固的友谊纽带。黑猩猩，大猩猩和猩猩等灵长类动物均为受保护物种。这些保护水平也应扩展到海洋哺乳动物。因此作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励人们保护海豚。故选C。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Flamenco is a typical dance and music in the south of Spain, exactly in the Andalusian region.‎ ‎___21___The roots of Flamenco come from different cultures and countries such as Morocco, Egypt, and India.____22____ Among the Spanish cities with more tradition in Flamenco are Cadiz, Granada, and Sevilla.___23___ They are a good singer, a Spanish guitar, and a good dancer. Normally, the scene of a flamenco show is a plank(厚木板) floor, and it can be in any theater or bar… but for something different in Granada, you can see Flanmenco in typical caves where families of gypsy people lived in ancient times.‎ Flamenco is divided into two groups, the group of singers and the groups of dancers. The groups of singers is normally formed of men who sing and play the Spanish guitar.____24____ The men usually wear black suits, and the soles of their shoes are mental.‎ The group of dancers is usually formed of women.____25____ The most beautiful thing in this part is how fast they can move their feet and the sound you can listen to. The sound of the shoes has the same rhythm as the music. It’s wonderful! It’s common, too , to see a couple of dancers dancing together.‎ A. Flamenco is definitely a great art!‎ B. The women help them by clapping their hands.‎ C. They wear beautiful and colorful dresses.‎ D. There are three principle things needed to do flamenco.‎ E. However, the first flamenco in Spain dates back to 1760.‎ F. The sound from the soles of the dancers’ shoes made me feel happy.‎ G. It was brought to Spain by gypsy people coming from Eastern Europe in the 15th century.‎ ‎【答案】21. G 22. E 23. D 24. B 25. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了西班牙南部的弗拉门科舞的来历和特点。‎ ‎21. 根据前一句Flamenco is a typical dance and music in the south of Spain, exactly in the Andalusian region.可知，弗拉门戈舞是西班牙南部的典型舞蹈和音乐。G项（它是由15世纪来自东欧的吉普赛人带到西班牙的）能够承接上文，说明了弗拉门戈舞是如何来到西班牙的，并且下一句The roots of Flamenco come from different cultures and countries such as Morocco, Egypt, and India.（弗拉门戈舞的根源来自不同的文化和国家，例如摩洛哥，埃及和印度）进一步说明了弗拉门戈舞的来源，与G项连接时语意通顺，故选G项。‎ ‎22. 根据第1小题的G项It was brought to Spain by gypsy people coming from Eastern Europe in the 15th century.可知，弗拉门戈舞是由15世纪来自东欧的吉普赛人带到西班牙的。E项（然而，弗拉门戈舞第一次出现在西班牙的时间可以追溯到1760年）中1760这个时间比上文的15世纪还早，通过时间的对比可以看出最初弗拉门戈舞出现在西班牙的时间，以表明它进入西班牙的时间很早，故选E项。‎ ‎23. 根据下文They are a good singer, a Spanish guitar, and a good dancer.可知，他们是一位出色的歌手，西班牙吉他手和优秀舞者，这是进行弗拉门戈舞表演所需要的，这解释了选项D（表演弗拉门戈舞需要三个要素）中的三个要素具体是什么，故选D项。‎ ‎24. 根据空格前The groups of singers is normally formed of men who sing and play the Spanish guitar.可知，歌手群体通常由唱歌和弹奏西班牙吉他的男人组成。B项（女性通过拍手帮助他们）能够承接上文，语意通顺，故选B项。‎ ‎25. 根据前句The group of dancers is usually formed of women.可知，舞者通常由女性组成。C项（他们穿着漂亮多彩的衣服）描述的是前一句中的舞者所穿的服装，并且与前一段中The groups of singers is normally formed of men who sing and play the Spanish guitar. The ‎ men usually wear black suits, and the soles of their shoes are mental.的行文思路一致，相应地描述了男性歌手女性舞者的服装，故选C项。‎ ‎【点睛】完成七选五这种类型题时，我们一般采取“瞻前顾后”的原则，即观察上下文是否有相同，相似的词，短语或话题，是否存在因果、对比、递进等逻辑关系，是否存在代词的指代等。例如：第1小题答案G项中的“in the 15th century”和第2小题答案E项中的“1760”，构成时间上的对比，两道题相关联。第1小题答案G项中的“It”、第4小题答案B项中的“them”和第5小题答案C项中的“They” 都相应地指代前一句话中的Flamenco、men和women。‎ 第四部分 语言运用（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节完形填空（共20题，每题1.5分，满分30分）‎ Bobby, a poor guy was famous for his tries to climb the big snowy mountain. He had tried at least 30 times, but had always___26___. Every time, he began the climbing at a good pace. But as he went on, he would look down at his painful___27___more often. Finally when the clouds had gathered round him, he understood that he wouldn’t be able to enjoy the___28___from the top.‎ Last month, he went up the___29___with Peeper, who gave him a pair of____30____sunglasses. “If it starts clouding over, put these____31____on, or if your feet start hurting, put them on too. These are special glasses; they will___32___you.” Bobby____33____the gift without thinking much, but when his feet started___34___again, he remembered what Peeper had said and he put on the glasses. The pain was pretty bad, but with those new sunglasses he could still____35____to continue. This time the___36___were so light that he could still see the top through them. And so Bobby kept climbing,____37____the clouds behind, forgetting his___38___, and finally arriving at the top. It was certainly worth it.‎ Peeper had drawn a light_____39_____on the lenses (镜片), in the form of the snow-covered mountain top. It was made in such a way that you could only_____40_____it if you looked upwards. Peeper had understood that whenever Bobby lost sight of his____41____, he would similarly lose sight of his dream, and his____42____to continue would weaken.‎ Bobby realized that the only difficulty of reaching the top had been his own___43___.When he could no longer see the top of the mountain, the problems____44____. He thanked Peeper for using that little____45____to help him see that his aims were not impossible, and that they were still there, where they had always been.‎ ‎26. A. stopped B. dropped C. fallen D. failed ‎27. A. feet B. shorts C. hats D. gloves ‎28. A. view B. meal C. air D. sunshine ‎29. A. road B. mountain C. tower D. top ‎30. A. strange B. special C. ordinary D. expensive ‎31. A. trousers B. clothes C. shoes D. glasses ‎32. A. help B. save C. calm D. improve ‎33. A. got B. disliked C. accepted D. refused ‎34. A. complaining B. working C. hurting D. shaking ‎35. A. manage B. try C. fail D. have ‎36. A. trees B. grass C. glasses D. clouds ‎37. A. throwing B. forgetting C. leaving D. putting ‎38. A. failure B. pain C. joy D. aim ‎39. A. picture B. symbol C. signal D. message ‎40. A. move B. feel C. change D. see ‎41. A. goal B. power C. success D. journey ‎42. A. preference B. will C. ability D. decoration ‎43. A. mistake B. pride ‎ C. ignorance D. discouragement ‎44. A. rose B. raised C. arose D. disappeared ‎45. A. technology B. tool C. trick D. treat ‎【答案】26. D 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. C 35. A 36. D 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. D 41. A 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位登山者Bobby爬山的故事，尽管多次尝试，但都失败了。后来在朋友的帮助下，终于成功。故事告诉我们，只要有梦想，没有什么是不可能的。‎ ‎26. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他尝试了至少30次，但始终失败。A. stop停止；B. drop掉落；C. fall掉落， 跌落；D. fail失败。but表示转折，因此他不断尝试但没能成功，故选D。‎ ‎27. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是当他继续前进时，他会更频繁地低头看着自己疼痛的脚。A. feet脚；B. shorts短裤；C. hats帽子；D. gloves手套。根据下文if your feet start hurting, put them on too可知，随着登山的继续，脚会痛，所以Bobby频繁地低头看着自己疼痛的脚。故选A。‎ ‎28. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，当云朵环绕着他时，他明白自己将无法从山顶欣赏风景。A. view景色；B. meal早(或午、晚)餐， 一顿饭；C. air空气D. sunshine阳光。欣赏山顶的“景色”，合乎句意，故选A。‎ ‎29. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：上个月，他和Peeper一起上了山，Peeper给了他一副特殊的太阳镜 。A. road道路；B. mountain山；C. tower塔；D. top顶部。根据上文Bobby, a poor guy was famous for his tries to climb the big snowy mountain.可知，Bobby上个月与Peeper去登山，故选B。‎ ‎30. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：上个月，他和Peeper一起上了山，Peeper给了他一副特殊的太阳镜。A. strange奇怪的；B. special特殊的；C. ordinary普通的；D. expensive的。根据下文Peeper所说的话可知，这幅太阳镜有着不一般的功能，故选B。‎ ‎31. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果云朵开始集结，请戴上这个眼镜。A. trousers裤子B. clothes衣服C. shoes鞋子D. glasses眼镜。根据下文These are special glasses，可知，Peeper给Bobby的是眼镜，故选D。‎ ‎32. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是特殊的眼镜。它会帮你的。A. help帮助；B. save保存；C. calm使…冷静；D. improve改善。既然前文提到Bobby登山多次失败，这个特殊的眼镜能够给Bobby带来帮助，故选A。‎ ‎33. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bobby不假思索地接受了这个礼物。 A. get得到；B. dislike不喜欢；C. accept接受；D. refuse拒绝。既然是个特殊的眼镜能够给Bobby带来帮助，他肯定会愿意接受，故选C。‎ ‎34. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bobby的脚再次开始疼痛时，他想起了Pepper所说的话，然后戴上了眼镜。A. complain抱怨；B. work工作；C. hurt疼痛，伤害；D. shake晃动。根据前文if your feet start hurting, put them on too可知，他想起了Pepper所说的话是在脚疼时，故选C。‎ ‎35. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：疼痛非常严重，但是有了新太阳镜，他仍然可以设法坚持下去。A. manage设法做某事；B. try尝试；C. fail 失败；D. have有。在新的太阳镜的帮助下，他设法坚持了下去，故选A。‎ ‎36. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次的云很薄，他仍然可以透过云层看到山顶。A. clouds树木B. grass草C. glasses眼镜D. clouds云。由前文the clouds had gathered round him可知，他透过“云层”看到了山顶，故选D。‎ ‎37. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，Bobby不断攀爬，把云朵留在了身后，忘记了他的痛苦，最后到达了山顶。A. throw投掷；B. forget忘记；C. leave离开；D. put放下。leave sth behind 意为“ 抛下，留下，把…抛在后面”，此处指Bobby不断前进，把云朵抛在身后，符合句意，故选C。‎ ‎38. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，Bobby不断攀爬，把云朵留在了身后，忘记了他的痛苦，最后到达了山顶。A. failure失败；B. pain疼痛，痛苦；C. joy喜悦；D. aim目标。Bobby不断前进，不再低头看脚，忘记了脚的“疼痛”，故选B。‎ ‎39. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Peeper在镜片上绘制了一幅图片。A. picture图片；B. symbol符号；C. signal信号；D. message消息。根据后面in the form of the snow-covered mountain top可知，Peeper所画的是一个图片，故选A。‎ ‎40. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：只有当你向上看时才能看到这幅图片。A. move移动；B. feel感觉；C. change改变；D. see看见。根据下文的lost sight of可知，Bobby抬头时能“看见”目标，故选D。‎ ‎41. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Peeper知道，每当Bobby看不见他的目标时，他也会同样地看不到自己的梦想，而他继续努力下去的意愿将会减弱。A. goal目标；B. power力量；C. success成功；D. journey旅程。根据前文Bobby登山时遇到云雾从而失败，其原因在于看不到山顶，也就是看不到“目标”，故选A。‎ ‎42. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Peeper知道，每当Bobby看不见他的目标时，他也会同样地看不到自己的梦想，而他继续努力下去的意愿将会减弱。A. preference偏好；B. will意志力；C. ability能力；D. decoration装饰。看不到目标的Bobby会失去信心，没有足够的意志力继续前进，故选B。‎ ‎43. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bobby意识到登顶的唯一困难是他曾经的泄气和灰心。A. mistake错误；B. pride骄傲；C. ignorance无知；D. discouragement泄气，灰心。根据下文see that his aims were not impossible可知，Bobby的目标不是不可能，而是自己在看不见目标时会产生“灰心”的情绪，故选D。‎ ‎44. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他再也看不见山顶时，问题就出现了。 A. rise上升；B. raise提升；C. arise出现，发生；D. disappear消失了。Bobby看不见山顶时便不再攀登，问题就出现了，用arise来表达“问题出现”，故选C。‎ ‎45. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bobby感谢Peeper用了那小小的技巧来帮助他看到他的目标并非不可能实现。A. technology技术；B. tool工具；C. trick技巧；D. treat对待。此处需联系前文Peeper had drawn a light …on the lenses (镜片), in the form of the snow-covered mountain top.可知，Peeper采用一个小“技巧”帮助Bobby实现了目标，故选C。‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ Mascots for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games（残奥会）‎ A red lantern baby____46____(call) “Shuey Rhon Rhon” and___47___energetic giant panda named “Bing Dwen Dwen” have been uncovered as the two mascots for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games. The mascots, known to people on Tuesday night at Beijing's Shougang Ice Hockey Arena, ____48____ (connect) with the host nation's culture.‎ Beijing 2022 executive president Chen Jining explained the idea___49___(clear) behind the design of the two mascots at the launch ceremony. “The two mascots put elements of traditional Chinese culture together___50___a modern international style. They show the Chinese people's eager expectations for the Beijing Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games, and China's warm invitation to friends from all over the world,” said Chen,____51____ is also the mayor of Beijing.‎ ‎“They are designed____52____ (express) all the aspects of the Olympic spirit, including___53___(wonder) characteristics such as passion, perseverance, friendship and common understanding to actively engage the public.”‎ The name“Bing Dwen Dwen”is a combination of several meanings in the Chinese language, with “Bing”the Chinese word for “ice”, and “Dwen Dwen” meaning ____54____(strong)and liveliness. In the name “Shuey Rhon Rhon”, “Shuey” is the Chinese word for “snow”and“Rhon Rhon”____55____(have) the meaning of tolerance (宽容).‎ ‎【答案】46. called ‎47. an 48. are connected ‎49. clearly ‎50. with 51. who ‎52. to express ‎53. wonderful ‎54. strength ‎55. has ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇新闻报道。北京2022年冬奥会吉祥物“冰墩墩”和冬残奥会吉祥物“雪容融”发布活动在北京举行，这两个新的吉祥物将成为冬季奥运会和残奥会的精神象征。‎ ‎46. 考查非谓语动词。句意：一只名叫“雪容融”的红灯笼宝宝和一只精力充沛的大熊猫“冰墩墩”作为2022年北京冬奥会和残奥会的吉祥物亮相。该句的谓语动词是have been uncovered，因此call不能作为谓语动词，并且 a red lantern baby和call之间为被动关系，应使用call的过去分词，故填called。‎ ‎47. 考查冠词。句意：一只名叫“雪容融”的红灯笼宝宝和一只精力充沛的大熊猫“冰墩墩”被作为2022年北京冬奥会和残奥会的两个吉祥物。此处表示一个大熊猫吉祥物，是泛指，应使用不定冠词，并且energetic是以元音因素开头的单词，故填an。‎ ‎48. 考查时态和语态。句意：这些吉祥物周二晚在北京首钢冰球场为人们所知，与东道主的文化相通。该句是在介绍吉祥物的情况，应使用一般现在时。connect作为谓语动词，和句子主语the mascots之间为被动关系，应使用被动语态，故填are connected。‎ ‎49. 考查副词。句意：北京2022执行总裁陈济宁在启动仪式上明确解释了这两个吉祥物设计背后的理念。副词修饰谓语动词explain（解释）作状语，clear的副词是clearly，意为“明确地，清楚地”，故填clearly 。‎ ‎50. 考查介词。句意：这两个吉祥物将中国传统文化的元素和现代的国际风格融合在一起。根据句意，此处需要填入表示“和”的介词，构成“put…together with…”结构，意为“将…与…联系在一起”，故填with。‎ ‎51. 考查定语从句。句意：北京2022执行总裁陈吉宁说，“这两个吉祥物表达了中国人民对北京冬奥会和残奥会的殷切期望，也表达了中国对世界各地朋友的热情邀请。”，他也是北京市的市长。分析句子结构可知，需填入非限制性定语从句的关系词，并在从句中作主语，指代陈吉宁市长，故填who。‎ ‎52. 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们的设计体现了奥林匹克精神的方方面面，包括热情、毅力、友谊和共同理解等特点，以积极吸引公众。分析句子结构可知，需填入动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了吸引公众”，故填to express。‎ ‎53. 考查形容词。句意：它们被设计旨在表达奥林匹克精神的方方面面，包括热情、毅力、友谊和共同理解等精彩特征，以积极吸引公众。形容词修饰characteristics（特征）作定语，wonder的形容词是wonderful，意为“精彩的”，故填wonderful。‎ ‎54. 考查名词。句意：“冰墩墩”是汉语中几种意思的组合，其中“Bing”是汉语中的“冰”字，“Dwen Dwen”意味着“力量和活力”。mean后需要用名词作宾语，strong（有力量的）的名词是strength（力量），故填strength。‎ ‎55. 考查时态。句意：这个名字中的“Shuey”在汉语中是“雪”的意思，“Rhon Rhon”有“宽容”的意思。本句在介绍“雪容融”的含义，应使用一般现在时，Rhon Rhon作主语，谓语动词用单数，故填has。‎ 第五部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）‎ ‎56.假如你是李华，计划寒假去澳大利亚进行研学旅行。 请你用英语给你的澳大利亚笔友Jack写一封信询问一些信息，具体如下：‎ ‎1．告知研学旅行的目的，期待与Jack面对面的交流 ‎2．当地特色（小吃，节日，习俗等）‎ ‎3.其他注意事项 注意：1.适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；2.词数80--100词左右 参考词汇：研学旅行study trip ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Jack,‎ I am going to Australia for a study trip this winter vacation. As you are a native, I’m writing to see if it is possible for you to offer me some information.‎ To begin with, the study trip, aimed to broaden students’ horizons and encourage students to pursue their dreams, is scheduled to arrive in Australia on January 20th.How excited I am when I think of our meeting and having a face-to-face talk with you! In addition, I would appreciate it if you could give me some detailed information about my destination, such as local snacks, festivals or traditions. Last but not least, is there anything else I need to pay special attention to when I am there?‎ Looking forward to your early reply.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ 本书面表达是一篇提纲类写作。要求以李华的名义给你的澳大利亚笔友Jack写一封信询问寒假去澳大利亚进行研学旅行的相关信息。‎ ‎【详解】这是一篇提纲类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来。根据写作提要，你要写信给你的澳大利亚笔友Jack写一封信询问寒假去澳大利亚进行研学旅行的相关信息。‎ 动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题。本作文中给出的要点比较具体，故需要准确表达。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。特别注意在选择句式时要赋予变化。平时除了加强词汇积累，写作联系以外，还可以适当记忆一些类似的范文，这样在考试中可以起到事半功倍的效果。‎ 根据写作要点我们可以初步确定文章可能使用到的词汇和短语有： study trip， winter vacation， offer me some information， aim to， broaden students’ horizons， encourage students to pursue their dreams， be scheduled to， a face-to-face talk with ， give me some detailed information ， local snacks, festivals ， tradition， pay special attention to， look forward to。‎ 可以使用的衔接词：1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last，Above all。2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition, As well as, not only…but (also) 。通过词汇铺垫，我们就很容易地行文了，文章写完之后要检查文中是否存在拼写或语法错误。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：I’m writing to see if it is possible for you to offer me some information. 这句话运用了if引导的宾语从句。How excited I am when I think of our meeting and having a face-to-face talk with you! 这句话运用了when引导的时间状语从句。Last but not least, is there anything else I need to pay special attention to when I am there? 这句话运用了that引导的定语从句，that已省略。‎ 使用了一些固定词组，如： aim to，be scheduled to，pay special attention to， look forward to等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ 第二节：概要写作（满分25分）‎ ‎57.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。‎ A 15yearold boy planned to put a ball covered with petrol into his mouth and set it on fire. He would film the dangerous action and put it on YouTube. And, he hoped to become famous on the Internet. But things didn't go the way he imagined. His clothing caught fire, and he was rushed to the hospital with serious burns on his body.‎ YouTube hosts millions of videos of people attempting dangerous actions. Many of them are by kids and young adults. Some experts say that by hosting these videos, YouTube encourages young viewers to take deadly risks. Research by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shows that more than 180，000 Americans die from accidental injuries each year. That's one person every three minutes. More than 14，000 of those killed are kids under the age of 19. Is YouTube to blame?‎ People have always found it interesting to watch others try risky things. Audiences are mad about these kinds of things. Some of the earliest Greek comedies had characters followed by wild animals and knocking into walls. Now, in the age of the Internet, anyone with a camera and a YouTube account can create this kind of “fun”. Many viewers, especially teenagers, are influenced by what they see and want to try it themselves. “YouTube has taken the playing in the neighborhood to a worldwide level，” says Clair Mellenthin, a researcher from the Centers.‎ Supporters of YouTube argue that it isn't YouTube's responsibility to examine its content. “Parents should be the ones to make sure that kids are behaving safely，” they say. In fact, YouTube has a rule on content. For example, dangerous activities that have a risk of serious physical harm or death are not allowed. Staff of YouTube, carefully watch the website 24 hours a day, looking for videos that are against their rules. But is this enough?‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Possible version 1:‎ Millions of people, some of whom are teenagers, are attempting dangerous actions and put them on YouTube, which makes people believe YouTube should answer for such tragedies. The fact is that people, whether ancient or modern, love watching others try risky or deadly things. Therefore, not only YouTube but also parents and teenage viewers themselves should be responsible for their monitoring and behaviors.‎ Possible version 2:‎ Filming dangerous actions and posting them on YouTube is being widely spread nowadays among millions of people, mostly teenagers. Although one person dies from accidental injuries every three minutes, “fun” seekers or “fun” makers have been trying something dangerous and exciting. Despite being equipped with content examination and strict regulations against dangerous activities, YouTube lacks enough careful control over itself.‎ ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇议论文。很多人玩冒险并拍摄视频上传至YouTube，有的人甚至冒着生命的危险。这种危险的举动, 是YouTube应该负责任还是父母对小孩的监管不到位之责？‎ ‎【详解】对短文内容提取要点 ：第一段通过一个15岁少年口含火球拍动作片的例子，引出话题；第二段指出YouTube鼓励青少年去冒生命危险，并列出具体数据证明很多人因此失去生命。最后提出问题Is YouTube to blame?；第三段的主题句是Many viewers, especially teenagers, are influenced by what they see and want to try it themselves，可概述为 people love watching others trying risky or deadly things and even trying themselves；第四段提出观点 Supporters of YouTube argue that it isn't YouTube's responsibility to examine its content. “Parents should be the ones to make sure that kids are behaving safely。YouTube的支持者认为不是YouTube的责任要检查视频内容，父母应该监管孩子的安全，可概述为not only YouTube but also parents should be responsible for monitoring their children。‎ ‎【点睛】完成一篇概要写作，需要经过三个步骤。‎ ‎1.读懂原文，找出段落主题句，概况全文中心思想。在阅读过程中，需要准确把握文章的段落大意，剔除非重要信息，弄清楚文章的篇章结构。‎ 如本篇短文中，第一段只是举出一个例子，引出话题，进行概要写作时可以剔除该段内容；第二段关键句为Is YouTube to blame?，第三段和第四段主题句均为首句。抓住文章主旨，才能概括文章内容。‎ ‎2. 组织语言。对主题句和中心思想进行同义替换表达，可用近义词、同义词/词组替换，尽量用单词替换短语。‎ 如第二段中Is YouTube to blame?，短语 be to blame意为：….该受责备，用同义短语 be responsible for或answer for 替换。‎ ‎3.运用恰当的关联词。注意各要点之间的逻辑关系和衔接，对句子进行重构。方法有：‎ 转换词类：名词、动词、形容词等转换 转换句式：时态、语态（主动变被动）等 衔接过渡：注意表示逻辑关系的连接词，如表示递进关系besides, moreover, furthermore, in addition等；表示转折关系 but, instead, however, on one hand ….on the other hand等；表示顺序：firstly…, secondly…, finally…等。‎ 如范文中用定语从句 Millions of people, some of whom are teenagers, are attempting dangerous actions，也用到了衔接词therefore、not only …. but also 等,使句子表达内容更多。‎