2019届高三英语一轮（浙江专用）复习考点强化练 20（必修4　UNIT 5）

2019届高三英语一轮（浙江专用）复习考点强化练 20（必修4　UNIT 5）

考点强化练20(必修4　Unit 5)‎ ‎　考点强化练第39页　 ‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2017·9月浙江宁波十校联考)‎ Sometimes you feel like you never have enough time in the day.You fall behind in job duties and chores until you feel anxious and overwhelmed.Yet,if you are able to manage time you will be able to complete what needs to be done punctually(准时地),which will look good to your employer and also remove a heavy burden from your shoulders.When you fail to meet deadlines and you’re always working on a project until the very last minute,the quality of your work could suffer and your boss will not be impressed.Then life becomes much easier when you know how to manage your time.‎ A failure to manage your time effectively at work will also have an influence on your home life.If you procrastinate when you should be working and fail to complete the goals you have set yourself for the day,you might have to take work home with you.Instead of spending time with your children and partner or socializing with friends,you find yourself stuck behind a computer or working through pages of notes.‎ By learning to manage your time effectively,you will be able to get more done at work,which will help you feel positive about your contribution in the workplace.Your ability to get things done will also reflect positively on you and prove to your colleagues that you are prepared to work hard.If you are able to achieve a lot at work,you may not need to bring any work home with you and simply be able to relax.‎ Managing your time can be a challenge when you have so many little jobs that need doing and seemingly not enough time to do them.However,you have to be able to break down all the tasks that have to be completed and give your entire focus to each task at a time.Eventually,you should be able to get the hang of it and you will be able to see the benefits of offensive time management skills for yourself.‎ ‎【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了上班时我们经常感觉时间不够用,很多工作完不成,不得不把工作带回家,结果影响了自己的家庭生活。其实只要有效地分配时间,这些问题都可以得到解决。‎ ‎1.According to this text,what will please a boss?‎ ‎　　　　　　　　 　　　‎ A.Making action-packed schedules in advance.‎ B.Getting the job done effectively and punctually.‎ C.Working around the clock every day.‎ D.Establishing a harmonious relationship with colleagues.‎ 答案B 解析细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Yet,if you are able to manage time you will be able to complete what needs to be done punctually(准时地),which will look good to your employer...”可知,准时且高效地完成工作会让老板高兴,故选B项。‎ ‎2.Which of the following phrases has the closest meaning to the underlined word “procrastinate” in paragraph 2?‎ A.amuse oneself B.hang out C.drag one’s feet D.hold up 答案C 解析词义猜测题。该段谈到如果工作时拖延,没有完成当天安排的任务,那你只能把工作带回家。drag one’s feet意为“拖拉,故意拖延”,故选C项。‎ ‎3.Which can be concluded from the text?‎ A.Time tries all. B.Time works wonders.‎ C.Time is effectiveness. D.Time is money.‎ 答案C 解析推理判断题。根据文章第二段“A failure to manage your time effectively at work...”和第三段“By learning to manage your time effectively,you will...”中的关键词 effectively,可知文章告诉我们要有效地安排时间。故C项正确。‎ ‎〚导学号29402100〛‎ B Turning the lights out or wearing a blindfold while eating could be a quick way to lose weight,according to scientists.The simple trick works because it stops diners eating for pleasure rather than for calories.It also triggers(引发) a part of the brain that is worried that unseen food may go bad.‎ An experiment by the University of Konstanz,in Germany,found that people who were blindfolded consumed nine percent fewer calories before they felt full,compared to those who could see.They also vastly overestimated how much they had eaten because they could not see how much was left on the plate.Blindfolded volunteers estimated they had eaten 88 percent more than they actually had.‎ Scientists believe that not seeing food on the table also allows the body to know when it is full in real time rather than remembering past experiences where it might have taken a full plate to feel full.‎ In the experiment,50 people were blindfolded and 40 were allowed to see their food.All were told not to eat within two hours of the experiment.They were then given three 95g bowls of chocolate ice-cream and invited to eat for 15 minutes.Their bowls were taken away and the remaining ice-cream weighed,while the participants were quizzed on how much they thought they had eaten.‎ On average the group who could see ate 116g while the blindfolded groups ate 105g.However,the blindfolded group believed they had eaten 197g while compared with 159g for the non-blind volunteers.They were also asked how pleasant the ice-cream tasted and the blindfolded group rated lower than those who could see.‎ ‎“The experienced pleasure of eating was significantly lower in the blindfolded group.Not seeing the food might have decreased the appetite.Sight plays an important role in the eating experience and in the overall dining experience.”‎ Previous studies have shown that the visual influence of food plays a large part in the taste.While restaurants that allow diners to eat in the dark state that it triggers other senses,in fact eating in darkness is likely to taste far milder than usual.‎ ‎【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。科学家通过研究发现,人们在熄灯或者戴着眼罩时用餐可以减肥。‎ ‎4.With the lights out,diners eat less partly because 　　　. ‎ A.they want to quickly finish their meals B.they trust their feelings more than ever C.they focus more on fun than the calories D.they worry about the quality of the food 答案D 解析细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“that is worried that unseen food may go bad.”可知,当关灯后,饮食者可能会担心食物的质量。故选D项。‎ ‎5.We can learn from the passage that the blindfolded group 　　　. ‎ A.spent a much longer time eating the same food B.believed they ate more than they really did C.depended on past experiences to feel full D.thought the food tasted better than usual 答案B 解析细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Blindfolded volunteers estimated they had eaten 88 percent more than they actually had.”以及实验过程可知,戴眼罩的志愿者们相信他们比实际上吃得更多。故选B项。‎ ‎6.The last two paragraphs tell us that 　　　. ‎ A.diners are likely to lose their appetite eating in darkness B.senses rather than sight play an important role in the taste C.findings of this experiment differ from the previous studies D.restaurants benefit a lot from allowing diners to eat in the dark 答案A 解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句“Not seeing the food might have decreased the appetite.”并结合最后两段可知,最后两段主要讲的是在黑暗中吃东西,饮食者可能会降低食欲。故选A项。‎ ‎7.The main purpose of the passage is to 　　　. ‎ A.provide statistics related to eating in the dark B.offer reasons for people to eat in the dark areas C.inform the readers of the result of an experiment D.persuade the readers to lose weight in a new way 答案C 解析写作意图题。纵观全文可知,本文主要是通过叙述实验过程来告知读者实验结果。A、B两项是文章具体讲到的内容;D项在文章中没有体现。故选C项。‎ ‎〚导学号29402101〛‎ Ⅱ.七选五 The science of optimism Optimism is a research-proven mind-set that will get you what you want.Here’s how to use it.‎ You failed a test.1.　　　 Your mom won’t get off your case about your report card.You feel very upset,and no one can help you. ‎ But hold up!A positive mind-set matters.It’s a choice you can make at any time,which research has proven can increase your chances of staying healthy,overcoming challenges,and achieving your goals.2.　　 ‎ Optimism simply gives you power.It motivates you to take care of yourself and to work hard—the same thing pessimism takes away.“When we think that something is possible,we are more likely to work toward it,”says Tali Sharot,a scientist.“An optimistic mind-set changes what you do every day.3.　　　” ‎ The good news?You can learn to become an optimist,even if you aren’t already one naturally.4.　　　 Because the secret to success is being certain the sun will shine—but also carrying an umbrella,just in case. ‎ Scientists say that being overly hopeful or extremely cynical(愤世嫉俗的) may hold you back.There’s a sweet spot in the middle.The realistic optimists are the people who stay healthiest and happiest,and who achieve the most success.They combine the hopeful outlook of blind optimists with the clear-headed critical thinking of pessimists.5.　　　 Plan A didn’t work?On to plan B!That makes them fantastic problem-solvers. ‎ A.Sounds like magic,right?‎ B.Your best friend is mad at you.‎ C.And that,in turn,changes the future.‎ D.They’re also flexible in their thinking.‎ E.You’ll feel like you are in control of your life again!‎ F.In fact,you can learn to see the good,without ignoring the bad.‎ G.Pessimists tend to expect the worst possible outcome in all situations.‎ 答案与解析 ‎【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章阐述了乐观的重要性及如何保持乐观。‎ ‎1.B　B项与上文的“You failed a test”及下文的“Your mom won’t get off your case about your report card”都是不顺心的事,并与下文的“You feel very upset”构成因果关系。‎ ‎2.A　上文是保持乐观的各种神奇作用。故A项最恰当。‎ ‎3.C　结合上文“Optimism simply gives you power...”及分析各选项内容可判断,C项中的that 指代上文的“An optimistic mind-set changes what you do every day”。换句话说,每天的改变会改变未来。‎ ‎4.F　根据下文的“being certain the sun will shine — but also carrying an umbrella,just in case”可判断,F项的内容与之相呼应。‎ ‎5.D　下文的“Plan A didn’t work? On to plan B”是对D项中的flexible in their thinking的具体阐释。‎ ‎〚导学号29402102〛‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 Local officials in Beijing promised to further protect the city’s cultural heritage(遗产),in particular the narrow streets 1. (know) as Hutong.‎ Hutong are 2.　　　　　　　(common)found in the cities of North China,but they are at risk.Beijing is currently believed to have fewer than 1,000 Hutong,most of 3.　　　　　 are near the Forbidden City.Only 60 years ago,the number 4.　　　　　(be)3,250. ‎ ‎“5.　　　　　 average more than 100,000 people visit the Forbidden City during the National Day holidays.The visits put pressure on the protection of cultural relics,” said Huang Yan,director of the Beijing Municipal Commission of Urban Planning,adding that Hutong should 6.　　　　　　　　　　　　(protect) from human damage. ‎ The government focused on how the protection plans were carried 7.　　　　　 and how the management of cultural heritages worked.Wang Shaofeng,head of the Xicheng district government,said the area has 182 cultural relics,many of which were built as far back as the Yuan Dynasty(1271-1368).The district of Xicheng has 1.28 million residents in 8.　　　　　(it) 57 square kilometers of land.“The most efficient way is to decrease the local population to reduce the 9.　　　　　　　　(possible) of causing harm to the heritage,” Wang said. ‎ ‎“Each community has been required 10.　　　　　　　　(report)the status of its cultural heritage. ‎ No one knows for sure how many Hutong will be left in the coming 100 years.‎ 答案与解析 ‎【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了北京胡同的现状及保护措施。‎ ‎1.known　考查非谓语动词。known做定语,修饰streets,相当于which are known as。‎ ‎2.commonly　考查副词。修饰谓语动词做状语,应用副词commonly。‎ ‎3.which　考查关系代词。指代上文提到的先行词Hutong,引导非限制性定语,并且作介词of的宾语,故填which。‎ ‎4.was　考查时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语60 years ago及主语the number,可判断出应填was。‎ ‎5.On　考查介词。on average 为固定搭配,意为“平均”。‎ ‎6.be protected　考查被动语态。Hutong 和protect是动宾关系,所以用被动语态,故填be protect。‎ ‎7.out　考查副词。carry out为固定短语,意为“实施”。‎ ‎8.its　考查代词。作定语用形容词性物主代词。故填its。‎ ‎9.possibility　考查名词。分析句子结构及空前有定冠词the修饰,故填possibility。‎ ‎10.to report　考查非谓语动词。require sb.to do sth.意为“要求某人做某事”。‎ ‎〚导学号29402103〛‎