英语卷·2018届河北省石家庄市第一中学高三上学期第一次质量检测英语试题（解析版）

英语卷·2018届河北省石家庄市第一中学高三上学期第一次质量检测英语试题（解析版）

石家庄一中 2018 届高三第一学期第一次质量检测 英语试题 命题人：曹九珍 本试卷分第 I 卷 (选择题) 和第 II 卷 (非选择题) 两部分，共 150 分。考试时 间 120 分钟。 第 I 卷 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时 间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15. 答案是 C。 1. What time is it now? A.9:10 B.9:50 C.10:00 2. What does the woman think of the weather? A. It’s nice. B. It’s warm C. It’s cold 3. What will the man do? A. Attend a meeting. B. Give a lecture C. Leave his office. 4. What is the woman’s opinion about the course? A. Too hard. B. Worth taking. C. Very easy. 5. What does the woman want the man to do? A. Speak louder. B. Apologize to her. C. Turn off the radio. 第二节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前， 你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的 作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. How long did Michael stay in China? A. Five days. B. One week. C. Two weeks. 7. Where did Michael go last year? A. Russia. B. Norway. C. India. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、 9 题。 8. What food does Sally like? A. Chicken. B. Fish. C. Eggs. 9. What are the speakers going to do? A. Cook dinner. B. Go shopping. C. Order dishes. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. Where are the speakers? A. In a hospital. B. In the office. C. At home. 11. When is the report due? A. Thursday. B. Friday. C. Next Monday. 12. What does George suggest Stephanie do with the report? A. Improve it. B. Hand it in later. C. Leave it with him. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Salesperson and customer. B. Homeowner and cleaner. C. Husband and wife. 14. What kind of apartment do the speakers prefer? A. One with two bedrooms. B. One without furniture. C. One near a market. 15. How much rent should one pay for the one-bedroom apartment? A. $360. B. $400. C. $415. 16. Where is the apartment the speakers would like to see? A. On Lake Street. B. On Market Street. C. On South Street. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. What percentage of the world’s tea exports go to Britain? A. Almost 15%. B. About 30%. C. Over 40%. 18. Why do tea tasters taste tea with milk? A. Most British people drink tea that way. B. Tea tastes much better with milk. C. Tea with milk is healthy. 19. Who suggests a price for each tea? A. Tea tasters. B. Tea exporters. C. Tea companies. 20. What is the speaker talking about? A. The life of tea tasters. B. Afternoon tea in Britain. C. The London Tea Trade Centre. 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项，并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A At 27, after serving in World War II, I dreamed of owning a piece of land. So I moved from central Illinois to Shelbina, Missouri, and bought 236 acres for $6,000. The land was situated on a dirt road and was half farmland and half trees, with an old house that had no running water or electricity. Obviously, it was not what you’d call a perfect farm. But it was mine. I was alone for the first time in my life, and I found it liberating. My days were filled from dawn until dusk with plowing and planting corn. Dinnertime came and went, and I barely remembered to eat. I wouldn’t say I was a great success at farming in Missouri. However, when I went to the store to buy some tools, I met a nice woman named Claudette working behind the counter. I also ran into her at St. Mary’s Catholic Church in Shelbina each week. I found out later that her manager kept asking her about “that tall boy from Illinois living out in the country in an old house with no water, no electricity and no housekeeper.” Claudette and her sister soon visited my farm and put up some curtains. To show my appreciation, I took Claudette out for a ride in my truck. We married in 1954 and have now been together for more than 62 years! I later sold the Missouri farm for a $3,500 profit and bought 40 acres in Illinois. For many reasons, buying the Missouri farm was a good idea. I will always cherish memories of owning the farm and meeting my beloved. 1. Why did the writer buy the Missouri farm? A. To marry a nice girl. B. To live a liberating life. C. To have his own land. D. To earn more profit. 2. What was Claudette when the writer met her? A. A manager. B. A storekeeper. C. A housekeeper. D. A shop assistant. 3. What can we learn about the Missouri farm? A. It was well furnished. B. It led to a happy marriage. C. It was 40 acres. D. It made a successful farmer. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 【解析】文章讲述了作者在二战服役后，买下了自己想要的一块土地，尽管没有自来水，没 有电但是作者很满足这种自由的生活，并在这里收获了爱情。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“At 27, after serving in World War II, I dreamed of owning a piece of land.” 27 岁，二战服役后，我梦想拥有一块土地。可知作者想要拥 有自己的土地。根据题意，故选 C。 2. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“I met a nice woman named Claudette working behind the counter.” 我遇到了一个叫克劳德特的漂亮女人在柜台后面工作。可知 Claudette 是一位售货员。根据题意，故选 D。 3. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“I will always cherish memories of owning the farm and meeting my beloved.”我将永远怀念拥有自己的农场和遇见我心爱的人的回 忆。可知拥有自己的农场使作者收获了爱情。根据题意，故选 B。 【名师点睛】细节理解型：文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些 细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会 要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并 对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：(1)一一对应型。答案与 题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比 例极少。(2)语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上充分运用了词义 之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。属于中档难度题，分数比 例较大。(3)语意理解型。这是一类深层事实细节理解题，答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻 辑联系，这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合， 才能得出正确答案。属于较高难度的事实细节题，分数比例很大。(4)是非辨别型。这是一 类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容) 或“三误一正”(三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。(5)事实排序型。这是一类运用多项 事实进行排序的事实细节题，要求根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑 关系，找出事件发生、发展的正确顺序。例如：本文中的第 1 小题： 【解题剖析】此题属于细节理解中的(1)一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接 吻合，一一对应，一目了然。根据文章第一段“At 27, after serving in World War II, I dreamed of owning a piece of land.” 27 岁，二战服役后，我梦想拥有一块土地。 可知作者想要拥有自己的土地。根据题意，直接可得出答案。 B If you’re dreaming of visiting one of those picture-perfect European towns filled with old-world attractiveness and scenic beauty, here is a look at the most beautiful small towns in Europe. Manarola Manarola, Italy, is filled with rainbow-colored homes carved right into a wall of stone along the Mediterranean coast. This charming fishing town is famous for its unbelievable wine, and the paintings. There are no cars here, no traffic lights, or traffic noise. You can drive to Manarola, but you’ll have to park just outside the town and then take a shuttle bus or walk in on foot. Garmisch-Partenkirchen Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany, is a fascinating mountain town. Once two separate towns, one Roman and the other Teutonic, the 1936 Winter Olympics forced them to combine, though the two sides still have different characters. The town dates back to 15 AD, filled with narrow, cobblestoned streets lined with historic three or four-story buildings painted with regional and religious scenes. Marsaxlokk The energetic trading port of Marsaxlokk, Malta, was built in 900 BC. Today, this pictures-like town is the main supplier of fish to the island nation that sits in the Mediterranean Sea. It has no modern buildings to ruin its appeal. With such quiet surroundings, including the traditional luzzu’s (fishing boats), it’s a particularly charming place to visit. Portmagee, Ireland In a country filled with beautiful towns, Portmagee, is a standout, sitting on the southwest coast of Ireland. This postcard-perfect seaside fishing town has a row of brightly colored buildings along with a rich and colorful history. At The Bridge Bar, you’ll find live music many nights of the week along with fantastic food and a fine glass of beer. 4. In which town are tourists not allowed to go sightseeing by car? A. Garmisch-Partenkirchen. B. Marsaxlokk. C. Manarola. D. Portmagee. 5. What is Marsaxlokk attractive for? A. Wine and paintings. B. Religious scenes. C. Fish and old buildings. D. Rich history and live music. 6. For whom are Manarola and Portmagee ideal destinations? A. Those who prefer enjoyment in an old coastal fishing town. B. Those who want to stay on a Mediterranean island. C. Those who have special interest in traditional fishing boats. D. Those who need to be refreshed in a mountain town. 7. What does the underlined word “appeal” probably mean? A. Background. B. Attractiveness. C. Tradition. D. Development. 【答案】4. C 5. C 6. A 7. B 【解析】文章主要介绍了充满了古老世界吸引力和美景的完美的欧洲城镇。 4. 细节理解题。根据 Manarola 中“You can drive to Manarola, but you’ll have to park just outside the town and then take a shuttle bus or walk in on foot.” 你 可以开车去 Manarola，但你必须将车停在小镇外，然后乘穿梭巴士或步行。可知，在 Manarola 不允许自己开车游览。根据题意，故选 C。 5. 推理判断题。根据“Today, this pictures-like town is the main supplier of fish to the island nation that sits in the Mediterranean Sea. It has no modern buildings to ruin its appeal.” 如今，像图画似的城镇是地中海岛上的主要鱼类供应国。它没有现 代化的建筑来破坏它的吸引力。可知这个地方吸引人之处是鱼和古老建筑。根据题意，故选 C。 7. 词义猜测题。根据“it’s a particularly charming place to visit.” 这是一个特别迷人 的地方。可推知即使没有现代建筑物，仍不会影响这着城镇的吸引力。根据题意，故选 B。 C The Israeli farmers who pioneered the revolutionary technology known as drip irrigation weren’t trying to solve one of the world’s most urgent problems．They were just trying to survive．They lived in the desert，and they didn’t have enough water to grow their crops． In its simplest form, it was little more than a pipe with holes in it. But behind each hole was a hi-tech dripper that let out just the right amount of water. Snaked along a row of crops so that the holes were positioned directly above the roots, the pipe could direct each precious drop of water directly to the plants, getting a bigger harvest while using a very small amount of the water． Over time, the farmers improved upon the technology, perfecting the drippers that regulated the flow of water, and connecting the pipelines to computers that could determine exactly how much water each plant needed and when． If the global population kept growing, the rest of the world would increasingly resemble their little community in the desert. So they began selling their irrigation systems in other parts of the world，eventually expanding to more than 110 countries. Netafirm, the company says it’s lifting people out of poverty and conserving water at a time when the importance of doing so has never been clearer． The mass adoption of drip irrigation won’t save the world by itself. To avoid the coming catastrophe, nearly everybody will, in some way, have to do more with less, perhaps through accepting and using other new technologies. Otherwise, it’s going to get ugly． 8. Why is drip irrigation called “the revolutionary technology”? A. It saves the world all by itself． B. It can be sold to other countries． C. It makes irrigation more effective． D. It provides deserts with water． 9. What does“one of the world’s most urgent problems”in Paragraph l refer to? A. Lacking water． B. Misusing irrigation． C. Growing population． D. Expanding desert． 10. How did farmers improve upon the drip irrigation technology? A. By drilling holes on the pipes． B. By placing pipes just above roots. C. By snaking pipes along the crops． D. By connecting pipe lines to computers. 11. Which of the following will be the best slogan (口号) for Netafirm to sell the irrigation systems? A. Less water；More harvest． B. New technology；New world． C. More grain；Less starvation． D. Water saving；World surviving． 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. A 【解析】文章主要讲述了以色列的农民发明了喷灌，不仅可以节约灌溉的用水量，而且可以 提高粮食产量。 8. 推理判断题。根据文意以色列的农民发明了喷灌，不仅可以节省灌溉的用水量，而且可 以提高粮食的产量，所以称它为技术革命，是说明他做的贡献很大，使得灌溉更有效率。根 据题意，故选 C。 9. 推理判断题。根据“They were just trying to survive．They lived in the desert， and they didn’t have enough water to grow their crops．” 他们只是为了生存， 他们生活在沙漠里，没有足够的水来种庄稼。可推知 one of the world’s most urgent problems 是指水源不足。根据题意，故选 A。 10. 细节理解题。根据“In its simplest form, it was little more than a pipe with holes in it. But behind each hole was a hi-tech dripper that let out just the right amount of water.” 在最简单的形式里，它不过是一个有洞的管子。但在每个孔是一个高 科技的滴头，放适量的水。根据题意，故选 D。 11. 推理判断题。根据“Netafirm, the company says it’s lifting people out of poverty and conserving water at a time when the importance of doing so has never been clearer．” Netafirm，该公司称它使人们摆脱贫困和保护水资源，这样做的意义是再清楚 不过了。可推知最好的标语是“更少的水，更多的收获。”根据题意，故选 A。 D Blowing bubbles is fun! The best thing about bubbles is that it's easy to make your own bubble solution(溶液). You can make as much as you want and blow as many bubbles as you'd like. If you add a "secret" ingredient(配料), you'll get bigger and stronger bubbles! Do just as follows: Measure 6 cups of water into one container, then pour 1 cup of dish soap into the water and slowly stir it until the soap is mixed in. Try not to let bubbles form while you stir. Measure 1 tablespoon of glycerin(甘油) or 1/4 cup of corn syrup（玉米淀粉） and add it to the container. Stir the solution until it is mixed together. You can use the solution right away, but to make even better bubbles, put the lid on the container and let your super bubble solution sit overnight. The soap mixture on the outside of a bubble is actually made of three very thin layers: soap, water, and another layer of soap. A bubble pops when the water that is trapped between the layers of soap evaporates(蒸发). The glycerin or corn syrup mixes with the soap to make it thicker. The thicker skin of the bubbles keeps the water from evaporating as quickly, so they last longer. It also makes them stronger, so you can blow bigger bubbles. Dip a bubble wand or straw into the mixture, slowly pull it out, wait a few seconds, and then blow. If you don't have a ready-made "bubble wand", you can make your own by cutting off the end of the bulb of a plastic pipet. Dip the cut end in solution and blow through the narrow end. You can also make a loop out of thin wire or pipe cleaner. Just twist a round end on your wire to blow the bubbles through. You can even make it heart-shaped, square or use other shapes if you're clever enough to bend it well. 12. For what purpose is the text is written? A. To argue. B. To advertise. C. To entertain. D. To instruct. 13. What does the secret in making bigger and stronger bubbles lies in? A. The soap. B. The corn syrup. C. The water. D. The straw. 14. What can you use a bubble wand to do? A. Blow bubbles. B. Mix the solution. C. Measure soap. D. Shape wires. 15. What can we infer from paragraph 4? A. More soap, more bubbles. B. Less water, better bubbles. C. Thicker layers, bigger bubbles. D. Stronger skin, bigger bubbles. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. D 【解析】文章主要讲述了如何使泡泡变得更强大。 12. 写作意图题。文章主要讲述了如何使泡泡变得更强大，可知这篇文章主要是指导人们如 何去操作。根据题意，故选 D。 14. 细节理解题。根据“Dip a bubble wand or straw into the mixture, slowly pull it out, wait a few seconds, and then blow.” 将泡沫棒或吸管浸泡在混合物中，慢慢拉 出，等待几秒钟，然后吹气。根据题意，故选 A。 15. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段甘油或玉米糖浆与肥皂混合使其变稠。泡沫表面越厚，水 就越不易挥发，所以它们持续时间更长。它也使它们更强大，所以你可以吹大的泡泡。可知 第三段主要讲述了泡沫表面越厚，泡泡更强大。根据题意，故选 D。 【名师点睛】推理判断型 推理判断题属于高层次阅读理解题。这种题型包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存， 推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。做好该题型要从整体上 把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里 行间，去体会作者的“弦外之音”。推理判断题常常可以分为如下几类：(1)细节推断。如 时间、地点、人物关系等；(2)逻辑推断。根据已知的结果推断导致结果产生的可能原因； (3)目的、意图、态度推断。根据文章的论述，推断作者的写作目的以及作者的情感态度； (4)预测想象推断。文章没有明确说明，要求根据语篇对文章可能涉及的内容进行预测判断。 例如：本题中的第 4 小题。 【解题剖析】此题属于推理判断型中的(2)逻辑推断。根据已知的结果推断导致结果产生的 可能原因。根据文章描述推断出该段落的主旨大意。 第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两 项为多余选项。 I like travelling very much. ____16____ They are wonderful adventures filled with new sights and experiences. And my wife and I have another trip in the planning stages． We're home now and have settled back into our daily routine of life. ____17____ I find that when I am at home, particularly for a while when we have just returned from a trip, I feel very comfortable. Perhaps it is because everything around me is familiar and the daily routine is so much the same and I can move through it almost without thinking. ____18____ Perhaps it is because we can have meals at home instead of always being in restaurants, although it's nice to let someone else do the cooking, and because I can sleep in my own bed. There are times I think it would be nice to simply stop travelling and stay home．___19___ Yet I guess I am probably a restless soul because I know that after I have been home for a while I will start to think about other places we might go and other things we want to see. ____20____ We will travel again and we feel fortunate to be able to do so. Still, one of the best things about travelling for me is coming home. I'm very comfortable here at home even if it is difficult to say exactly why． A. I enjoy local food while travelling． B. I like being home，for whatever reason． C. Perhaps it is because our friends are here． D. And I enjoy my daily life at home so much． E. It’s lucky that my wife and I both love travelling. F. The world is filled with people who are travelholic． G. I have been fortunate enough to make trips to many countries. 【答案】16. G 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. E 【解析】文章主要讲述了作者旅行回来待在家里也会有很惬意的时光。 16. 考查上下文的连贯以及推理判断能力。根据下文“They are wonderful adventures filled with new sights and experiences.” 他们是充满了新的风景和经验的奇妙冒险。 根据“they”可知作者游历了很多国家。根据题意，故选 G。 17. 考查上下文的连贯以及推理判断能力。根据下文“I find that when I am at home, particularly for a while when we have just returned from a trip, I feel very comfortable.”可知旅行回来待在家里感到很舒适，所以我很享受在家的生活。根据题意， 故选 D。 18. 考查上下文的连贯以及推理判断能力。根据文章意思“Perhaps it is because we can have meals at home instead of always being in restaurants, although it's nice to let someone else do the cooking, and because I can sleep in my own bed.” 也许 是因为我们可以在家吃饭，而不是总是在餐馆吃饭，虽然让别人做饭是很好的，因为我可以 睡在自己的床上。此处为排比句，根据题意，故选 C。 19. 考查上下文的连贯以及推理判断能力。根据上文“There are times I think it would be nice to simply stop travelling and stay home．” 有时候，我想干脆停止旅行， 呆在家里。可知作者喜欢待在家里。承接下文，我喜欢待在家里，不管什么原因。根据题意， 故选 B。 20. 考查上下文的连贯以及推理判断能力。根据下文“We will travel again and we feel fortunate to be able to do so.” 我们将再次旅行，我们感到很幸运能这样做。代词 we 指代的是作者和他的妻子。根据题意，故选 E。 【名师点睛】 如果七选五阅读问题设在段尾时，我们要特别注意与前文的关系，与前文是并列或排比或总 分关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节，因此，根据段落 一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，通常在选项中会出现表示并列或递进关系 的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他信号线索。前面的一句与正确答案 的第一句是紧密相连的。要特别注意阅读这样相连的两句，通常会找到关键的线索词句。如 果所选答案是引出下一段的内容，如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下 一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接 起来。如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段提 出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号如转折词引出来，正确答案中应有这样 的特征词。文中第 1 与 5 题，通过代词推断出答案。 第三部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分 45 分) 第一节 完形填空 (共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文， 从短文后各题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Since 1985, Johnny Jennings, 86, has ___21___ local churches and businesses to collect paper, which he brings to a recycling center for money. But ___22___ putting those earnings in his own bank account, he sends every dollar to Georgia Baptist Children’s Homes & Family Ministries. Once a year, he’ll give the organization a check, which is ____23____ between $10,000 and $35,000. By 2016, that ____24____to $400,000. Jennings ___25___ himself to helping Georgia Baptist Children’s Homes & Family Ministries after his first visit there when he was 18. “When I was about to ____26____, these three little boys ____27____me by the knees and said, ‘Will you be my daddy?’” Jennings recalled. “And I said I’ll do ___28___ I can. That took my ____29____, right there.” These days, Jennings’ recycling has turned into a community ____30____. After he’s made his own rounds recycling paper from businesses and churches, he’ll find more ___31___waiting for him at home. Community members ____32____ other recyclables at his house so he can ____33____ them, along with books, food, clothes, and other items to ____34____. Recycling centers typically pay ____35____ one-half to three cents per pound of paper, but in 2016 ____36____, he sold more than 400,000 pounds of paper and 51,000 aluminum cans, and ____37____ more than 32,000 pennies. ____38____the course of 32 years he’s recycled more than 9.8 million pounds of paper, ___39___ about 79,000 trees in the process. Jennings says he’s ____40____ to continue raising money for charity as long as his health allows. “If you got it to give, give it away,” he said. 21. A. helped B. visited C. persuaded D. begged 22. A. because of B. in case of C. instead of D. by means of 23. A. somewhere B. anywhere C. somehow D. anyhow 24. A. kept up B. added up C. went up D. took up 25. A. adapted B. adjusted C. connected D. devoted 26. A. leave B. arrive C. pause D. escape 27. A. struck B. pulled C. took D. kicked 28. A. that B. which C. when D. what 29. A. head B. leg C. heart D. arm 30. A. effect B. effort C. access D. attitude 31. A. volunteers B. kids C. things D. messages 32. A. drop off B. buy C. pick up D. find 33. A. use B. keep C. sell D. deliver 34. A. take away B. give away C. put away D. throw away 35. A. almost B. hardly C. just D. even 36. A. once B. still C. ever D. alone 37. A. paid B. spent C. wasted D. collected 38. A. After B. Over C. Beyond D. Till 39. A. planting B. destroying C. saving D. transporting 40. A. inspired B. convinced C. urged D. determined 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. C 36. D 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. D 【解析】文章主要讲述了乐于助人又富于同情心的美国老人 Johnny Jennings 常年回收废 旧物品资助慈善机构的感人故事。 21. 考查动词辨析。句意：自 1985 以来，86 岁的 Johnny Jennings 参观了当地的教堂 和企业，收集纸张，并带到废品回收中心卖掉。helped 帮助；visited 拜访，访问； persuaded 说服；begged 乞求。根据题意，故选 B。 22. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：但是，他没有把这些收入放在自己的银行账户里。because of 因为；in case of 以防，万一；instead of 代替；by means of 用，依靠。根据下文“he sends every dollar to Georgia Baptist Children’s Homes & Family Ministries.” 而 是把每一美元都寄到了佐治亚州浸礼会儿童之家和家庭部。可知前后为转折关系。根据题意， 故选 C。 23. 考查副词辨析。句意：一年一次，他会给公司一张支票，大约在 10000 到 35000 美元之间。somewhere 某处，在某处；anywhere 任何地方，无论何处；somehow 以 某种方式，用某种方法； anyhow 总之，无论如何。根据题意，故选 A。 24. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：到 2016，这增加到 400000 美元。kept up 保持；added up 加起来，总计；went up 上升；took up 占用，开始从事。Add up to 增加到。根据 题意，故选 B。 25. 考查动词辨析。句意：詹宁斯在他 18 岁的第一次访问后，致力于帮助格鲁吉亚浸礼会 的孩子们的家庭和家庭事务部。adapted 接受；adjusted 适应； connected 连接； devoted 奉献。devote to 致力于。根据题意，故选 D。 26. 考查动词辨析。句意：当我正要离开的时候，这三个小男孩抱着我说：‘你愿意做我的 爸爸吗？’ leave 离开；arrive 到达；pause 暂时的停顿，犹豫 ； escape 逃离。根据 下文可知，作者想要离开。根据题意，故选 A。 27. 考查动词辨析。句意：当我正要离开的时候，这三个小男孩抱着我说：‘你愿意做我的 爸爸吗？’struck 击打； pulled 拉； took 采取，拿；kicked 踢。根据下文“That took my ____9____, right there” 我的心就在那里。根据题意，故选 C。 28. 考查连词辨析。句意：我说我会尽我所能。 that （用于某些动词、形容词和名词后， 引出各种从句）； which 那，指前面提到的事物；when 什么时候； what 什么。What 引导宾语从句，在从句中做 do 的宾语。根据题意，故选 D。 29. 考查名词辨析。句意：我的心就在那里。head 头； leg 腿；heart 心脏； arm 胳膊。 根据题意，故选 C。 30. 考查名词辨析。句意：这些天来，詹宁斯的回收利用变成了社区努力。effect 影响； effort 努力，尝试； access 接近，进入；attitude 态度。根据“Community members ____12____ other recyclables at his house”可知社区成员都将捐赠物品放在作者的家里。 可推断出作者的努力带动了整个社区。根据题意，故选 B。 31. 考查名词辨析。句意：他会发现家里有更多的东西在等着他。 volunteers 志愿者；kids 孩子；things 事情； messages 信息。根据“along with books, food, clothes”还包 括书籍，食物，衣服。可知社区人们捐赠了一些物品。根据题意，故选 C。 32. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：社区成员将物品放置到他的家里，这样他就可以卖掉它们。 drop off 减少，落下；buy 买； pick up 捡起； find 找到。根据题意，故选 A。 33. 考查动词辨析。句意：这样他就可以卖掉它们。use 使用；keep 保持；sell 卖；deliver 递送。根据题意，故选 C。 34. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：还有书，食物，衣服，和其他赠送的物品。 take away 减 去，使停止；give away 赠送，泄露 ；put away 储存，放好； throw away 扔掉，浪 费。根据题意，故选 B。 35. 考查副词辨析。句意：回收中心通常每磅纸只付 2 到三美分。almost 几乎； hardly 几乎不； just 仅仅，只，刚刚；even 甚至。根据题意，故选 C。 36. 考查副词辨析。句意：但仅在 2016 年间，他就卖出了 400000 多磅纸和 51000 个铝罐。once 一旦；still 仍然；ever 永远，曾经； alone 单独的，独一无二的。根据题 意，故选 D。 37. 考查动词辨析。句意：获得了 32000 多便士。paid 支付； spent 花费；wasted 浪 费；collected 收集。根据题意，故选 D。 38. 考查介词辨析。句意：在 32 年的时间里，他回收了超过 980 万磅的纸张，在这个过 程中节省了大约 79000 棵树。After 在…以后； Over 在…上面；Beyond 超过，越过； Till 直到…时（为止）。根据题意，故选 B。 39. 考查动词辨析。句意：在 32 年的时间里，他回收了超过 980 万磅的纸张，在这个过 程中节省了大约 79000 棵树。 planting 种植；destroying 毁灭；saving 节省； transporting 运送。根据题意，故选 C。 40. 考查动词辨析。句意：詹宁斯说他决心继续为慈善事业筹集资金，只要他的健康状况允 许。 inspired 鼓舞，激励；convinced 使相信，说服； urged 催促，推进； determined 决定，下决心。Be determined to do sth 决定做某事。根据题意，故选 D。 第 II 卷 第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 In many people’s opinion, man’s first real invention, ____41____ is also one of the most important inventions in history, is the wheel. All transportation and every machine in the world depend _____42_____ it. The wheel is the _____43_____ (simple) yet perhaps the most remarkable of all _____44_____ (invention) because there are no wheels in nature. _____45_____, then, did man come to invent the wheel? Perhaps some early hunters found that the body of _____46_____ heavy animal could be rolled through the forest on logs (圆木) more _____47_____(easy) than they could carry it. However, the logs _____48_____them) weigh a lot. It must have taken a great prehistoric thinker to imagine two thin slices of log connected, at their centers by a string stick. This would roll along just _____49_____ the logs did, yet be much lighter and easier _____50_____ (handle). Thus the wheel and axle came into being and with them the first carts. 【答案】41. which 42. on 43. simplest 44. inventions 45. How 46. a 47. easily 48. themselves 49. as 50. to handle 【解析】文章主要讲述了轮子是怎样产生的。 41. 考查定语从句。句意：在许多人看来，人的第一个真正的发明，也是历史上最重要 的发明之一，是轮子。在非限制性的定语从句中，先行词为 man’s first real invention， which 在从句中充当主语。根据题意，故填 which。 42. 考查介词。句意：世界上所有的交通工具和机器都依赖它。Depend on 依赖，依 靠。根据题意，故填介词 on。 43. 考查形容词最高级。句意：轮子是最简单的，也许是所有发明中最引人注目的，因 为自然界中没有轮子。根据句意，应使用最高级。根据题意，故填形容词最高级 simplest。 44. 考查名词复数。句意：轮子是最简单的，也许是所有发明中最引人注目的，因为自 然界中没有轮子。根据“all”可知名词应使用复数形式。根据题意，故填 inventions。 45. 考查副词。句意：那么，人类是怎样发明轮子的呢？根据题意，故填 How。 46. 考查不定冠词。句意：也许早期的一些猎人发现沉重的动物身体可以通过原木滚动 穿过森林比他们自己携带更容易。在这里一个很重的动物为泛指。根据题意，故填 a。 47. 考查副词。句意：也许早期的一些猎人发现沉重的动物身体可以通过原木滚动穿过 森林比他们自己携带更容易。修饰动词 carry 应使用副词。根据题意，故填 easily。 48. 考查反身代词。句意：然而，原木本身重量很大。根据句意应使用反身代词。根据 题意，故填 themselves。 49. 考查连词。这将像原木一样滚动，但更轻，更容易处理。此处由 as 正如，引导定 语从句，在从句中充当宾语。根据题意，故填 as。 50. 考查动词不定式。这将像原木一样滚动，但更轻，更容易处理。Be+adj.+to do。 根据题意，故填 to handle。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分 35 分) 第一节 短文改错 (共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分) 51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号 (∧) ，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线 () 划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者 (从第 11 处起) 不计分。 My father is engineer. Although he is in Africa most time of the year and there isn’t much time for him to reunite with the family, but we are all proud in him. He builds railways there. It is an importance part of the great Belt and Road Project. At first people there found the Chinese and their work strangely. My father often saw people running after trains out of curious. People there even didn’t understand that the Chinese people work very hard. Gradually, however, the African people come to see the benefits bringing by the railways and they are now willing to make friends with the Chinese here. My father has already made some African friends and one of them is planning to come to visit us. We are looking forward to show our African guest around our city. 【答案】 【解析】考查不定冠词。句意：我的父亲是一名工程师。此处为泛指。根据题意，故填 加不定冠词 an。 考查连词。句意：虽然他一年中大部分时间都在非洲，他和家人团聚的时间不多，但我们都 为他感到骄傲。句中使用 althougth 引导让步状语从句，故将 but 省去。 考查介词。句意：虽然他一年中大部分时间都在非洲，他和家人团聚的时间不多，但我们都 为他感到骄傲。Be proud of 以…为骄傲。故将介词 in 改为 of。 考查形容词。句意：它是一带一路工程中很重要的一部分。形容词修饰名词。故将名词 importance 改为形容词 important。 考查形容词。句意：起初哪里的人觉得中国人还有中国人的工作很奇怪。修饰名词 work 应使用形容词，故将副词 strangely 改为形容词 strange。 考查名词。句意：我父亲经常看到人们好奇地追赶火车。介词 of 后应使用名词。故将形容 词 curious 改为 curiousity。 考查宾语从句。句意：那里的人甚至不明白为什么中国人很努力工作。根据题意，由 why 引导宾语从句。 考查过去分词作定语。句意：然而，非洲人民逐渐看到铁路带来的好处。benefits 与动词 bring 处于动宾关系。故将 bringing 改为 brought。 考查副词。句意：现在他们愿意与那的中国人交朋友。根据题意，故将 here 改为 there。 考查动名词。句意：我们期待着带我们的非洲客人参观我们的城市。Look forward to 期 盼，期待。To 为介词。故使用动名词 showing。 第二节 书面表达 (满分 25 分) 52. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Jim 所在的学校要组织学生来中国旅行，有两条道路可以 选择：“长江之行” 或者“泰山之旅”。Jim 来信希望你能给些建议。请你给他回信，内容包括： 1. 你建议的路线； 2. 你的理由； 3. 你的祝愿。 注意：1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； Dear Jim, _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m happy to receive your letter and know you’re coming to China. Of the two trips to the Yangtze River and Mount Tai, both are highly recommended. Personally, I prefer the tour along the Yangtze River, the longest river and one of the mother rivers of the Chinese civilization. You can learn a lot about the history of China and Chinese people. Moreover, the scenery along the river is amazing, with many well-known sightseeing spots. That’s why I think the trip along the Yangtze River is a better choice. Hope you’ll have a good time in China. Your, Li Hua 【解析】本文属于 提纲类作文。我们可以根据提示将这些信息进行整理和安排，使文章的意思衔接更自然。文 中所使用的词汇和句型，是学生们比较熟悉的，所以将平时的积累发挥出来就可以。当然我 们要尽量使用一些好的句型和连词，使文章上下文意思连贯，更出彩。短文中作者按照题目 的要求条理清楚，结构清晰，要点全面。文章语言简练，结构严谨，覆盖所有要点。表语从 句：That’s why I think the trip along the Yangtze River is a better choice. 【名师点睛】 对于这类写作要简洁明了，直入主题，平时学习时多进行作文模板的记忆，万能句型的积累， 高中作文写作，注意以下十点： 1. 在写作之前，首先对题目进行认真的审清，并在脑海中回想自己积累的哪些句式、句型、 单词能用进来，这些单词、句型都应是经典的，不会错的。 2. 写的过程中，多注意使用“起承转合”的连词，使文章更富有条理，层次分明。 3. 写的过程中，多注意使用定语从句，包括非限制性定语从句。要熟悉英美人写文章的习 惯，遇到专有地名、人名一定要用非限制性定语从句，强调唯一性。 4. 写的过程中，多注意使用副词、形容词起到修饰的作用，并注意切忌重复，多使用不同 的表达进行转述。多使用高级词汇。 5. 写的过程中，多注意使用平时经常用的万能句型，用不上的时候也要往上靠，自己处理 好上下文的连贯性。 6. 写的过程中，多注意使用被动、倒装、虚拟语气及非谓语动词作定语这样的表达。 7. 学会替换，对不会写的进行替换，转个圈说明白。 8. 切忌使用平时不常见的表达，不要出现“中式英文”。 9. 文章中代词要指代明确，自己把握不准时，宁愿重新将指代的内容写出来。 10.英语文字不宜写的太小，所有字母都顶横线写好，看起来卷面整洁，写错的地方只需轻 轻划一笔就行，切不可反复涂黑。