湖北省武汉市外国语学校2018-2019学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题

湖北省武汉市外国语学校2018-2019学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题

www.ks5u.com 武汉外国语学校2018-2019学年度下学期期中考试 高一英语试题 Part I Listening (total 20 marks; 1 mark for each question. All the passages are read twice)‎ Section A (5 marks)‎ Listen to five people talking about science and technology. Match the speakers with the statements. There is one statement you do not need.‎ Speaker 1 _____‎ Speaker 2 _____‎ Speaker 3 _____‎ Speaker 4 _____‎ Speaker 5 _____‎ A This person believes space programmes have a positive effect.‎ B This person talks about the speed of technological change.‎ C This person thinks scientists should focus on more serious issues.‎ D This person believes we still have a lot of research to do about our planet.‎ E This person thinks that more countries should be involved in space exploration.‎ F This person says technology has made our lives more flexible.‎ Section B (12marks)‎ Listen to four dialogues and choose the correct answer to each question. Each dialogue will be played twice.‎ Listen to dialogue 6 and answer question 6 to 8.‎ ‎6. Where are they?‎ A. Up in the mountains. B. Right at the campsite. C. In a zoo.‎ ‎7. When did the conversation take place?‎ A. Around dawn. B. About dusk. C. 12 am.‎ ‎8. What are they doing?‎ A. Hiking. B. Racing. C. Running.‎ Listen to dialogue 7 and answer question 8 to 11.‎ ‎9. What is the relationship between the two speakers?‎ A. coach and his trainee. B. reporter and student. C. teacher and student.‎ ‎10. What does the man want?‎ A. information on a VIP. B. join the team. C. talk about a reality show.‎ ‎11. What can you infer from the last sentence?‎ A. The woman doesn’t believe what the man said.‎ B. The man is wild.‎ C. The woman is pleasantly surprised at the man’s imagination.‎ Listen to dialogue 8 and answer question 12 to 14.‎ ‎12. What probably is Jack going to do?‎ A.To take a bus to a museum.‎ B.To go and find aunt Maria.‎ C.To go cycling.‎ ‎13. What can we infer from the conversation?‎ A: Jack finds something old and wants to know what it is.‎ B: The conversation takes place in a museum.‎ C: Jack is too far away from the museum.‎ ‎14. Which word can describe Jack from the conversation?‎ A. curious. B. afraid. C. annoyed.‎ Listen to dialogue 9 and answer question 15 to 17.‎ ‎15. What are the two speakers talking about?‎ A Helping to raise money for charity.‎ B. Washing some cars.‎ C. Finding things to do for themselves.‎ ‎16. What do we know from the conversation?‎ A. The son loves eating bakery.‎ B. Washing cars is easy to do.‎ C. Mr. Dent is their friend.‎ ‎17. What is the possible relationship between the two speakers?‎ A. colleagues. B. neighbors. C. husband and wife.‎ Section C (3 marks)‎ Listen to a monologue and answer question 18-20.‎ ‎18. What is this passage about?‎ A Three friends playing with swords made from tree branches.‎ B. Children fighting and chasing each other in front of a church.‎ C. Three brothers’ happy playing time in front of their house.‎ ‎19: What is the weather like according to the passage?‎ A. Cold since it’s an afternoon in March.‎ B. Cool but warm enough in the sun.‎ C. Chilly since the boys didn’t go bare-foot.‎ ‎20: Which of the statement is true according to the passage?‎ A: The boys go bare-foot to the church.‎ B: The branches they got for the sword are from their own backyard.‎ C: The boys’ clothes are homemade.‎ Part II Use of Vocabulary and Grammar (total 45 marks)‎ Section A：Multiple Choice (15 marks)‎ ‎1.Common ___________ of diabetes are weight loss and fatigue.‎ A. diagnosis B. prescription C. symbols D. symptoms ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：糖尿病的常见症状是体重减轻和疲劳。A. diagnosis诊断；B. prescription处方；C. symbols符号表，象征；D. symptoms症状。此处描述的体重减轻和疲劳是糖尿病其中的症状，故选D。‎ ‎2.California has introduced tough new standards for harmful _________from vehicles.‎ A. emissions B. permission C. transmission D. admissions ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：加州出台了严格的机动车有害排放新标准。 A. emissions排放；B. permission批准，允许；C. transmission传送；D. ‎ admissions许可承认。根据对象vehicles机动车知道，此处是机动车的有害气体排放量，故选A。‎ ‎3.Karen looks greatly curvaceous in that velvet dress. She’s got a thin ________.‎ A. wrist B. hip C. thigh D. waist ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：卡伦穿那件天鹅绒连衣裙显得曲线非常优美。她的腰很细。 A. wrist手腕；B. hip臀部；C. thigh大腿；D. waist腰部。女性的腰身细、瘦才会穿衣服才显得曲线优美，故选D。‎ ‎4.Some people believe that with joint efforts we can ________ all the diseases from the world and life expectancy will become limitless.‎ A. execute B. exaggerate C. erect D. eradicate ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人认为我们可以通过共同努力消灭世界上所有的疾病，并且预期寿命是无限的。 A. execute实行、执行；B. exaggerate使扩大；C. erect创立，建造；D. eradicate消灭，根除。此处是指消除所有的疾病，故选D。‎ ‎5.He struggled through a few games but a ________knee indicated his problems were not over.‎ A. swollen B. swell C. swear D. swearing ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查词性辨析。句意：他挣扎了几场比赛，但肿胀的膝盖表明他的问题还没有结束。A. swollen肿胀的，是形容词；B. swell肿胀，是动词；C. swear咒骂，宣誓，是动词；D. swearing发誓。后面是名词，这里表示“一个肿胀的膝盖”，用形容词，故选A。‎ ‎6.The program will _________your passwords each time you begin to type them.‎ A. autograph B. autocomplete C. automobile D. automatic ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次您开始键入密码，这个程序将自动补全他们。A. autograph亲笔签名；B. autocomplete自动完成、自动补全；C. automobile驾驶汽车；D. automatic自动的，必然的。这里意为“只要输入，剩下的自动补全密码”，故选B。‎ ‎7.______________, an English engineer and computer scientist, is best known as the inventor of the World Wide Web.‎ A. Henry Wolfson B. Timothy Berners Lee C. Auguste Bartholdi D. Stuart Page ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查常识。句意：蒂莫西·伯纳斯·李，英国工程师和计算机科的发明者而闻名。故B选项正确。‎ ‎8. What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he ___________ it better.‎ A. need have done B. must have done C. can have done D. might have done ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查虚拟语气中的情态动词。句意：真遗憾啊！考虑到他的能力和经验，他也许可以做得更好。can have done较少使用此结构，表示对过去行为的怀疑；用于疑问句时意为“难道真的做了吗”，表示怀疑；need have done需要做某事，实际上却未做（表示虚拟语气）；must have done一定做了某事（表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测）；might have done表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。故D正确。‎ ‎【点睛】本题是高考必考考点，一定要牢记句型意思。must have done过去肯定做了某事。should have done本应该做而实际未做。can’t have done过去不可能做了某事；shouldn’t have done 本不应该做而实际做了。need have done本有必要做某事而没做；needn’t have ‎ done本没有必要做某事；注意没有mustn’t have done的形式。‎ ‎9.On 15 April 2019, shortly before 18:40 CEST(Central European Summer Time), a fire broke out in ___________, causing considerable damage to the building.‎ A. the Statue of Liberty B. Notre-Dame Cathedral C. the Summer Palace D. the Eiffel Tower ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查常识。句意：2019年4月15日，就在欧洲中部夏令时间18点40分前不久，巴黎圣母院大教堂发生火灾，对建筑物造成相当大的破坏。故B选项正确。‎ ‎10._________, which is ideal for people who suffer from frequent headaches, memory failures, anxiety, backache, and loss of concentration, is a practice to train attention and awareness, and achieve a mentally clear and emotionally calm state.‎ A. Meditation B. Coasteering C. Street dance D. Chinese martial arts ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查常识。句意：冥想是一种训练注意力和意识的练习，可以让人在精神上达到清醒和情感上的平静状态。冥想对于经常头痛、记忆力减退、焦虑、背痛和注意力不集中的人来说是非常理想的。A. Meditation冥想；B. Coasteering舵手；C. Street dance街舞；D. Chinese martial arts中国功夫。故A选项正确。‎ ‎11.Which one of the items are NOT included in the Westinghouse Time Capsule?‎ A. a tape measure B. newsreel C. an alarm clock D. a memory stick ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查常识。句意：西屋时间胶囊不包含有记忆棒。A. a tape measure卷尺；B. newsreel新闻影片；C. an alarm clock闹钟；D. a memory stick记忆棒。。故D选项正确。‎ ‎12.We saw a new play at the theatre, ______________ we had supper at a restaurant.‎ A. after which B. which after C. then which D. and that after ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句。句意：我们在剧院看了一部新戏，然后在一家餐馆吃了晚饭。分析句子we had supper at a restaurant可知，主谓宾完整，有地点状语，但缺少表示时间的状语，故用表示时间的after“在…之后”，which指代前面句子。故选A。‎ ‎【点睛】介词+which用法：定语从句中，关系副词表示地点，时间和原因的where、when、why也可以用“介词+which”来替代，在句中充当状语。如：‎ ‎1、Is this the day when/on which I visited the park?‎ ‎2、This is the reason why/for which he didn’t come to the meeting.‎ ‎3、Kunming is a beautiful place where/in which flowers are seen all the year round.‎ 介词的选用原则：‎ ‎1） 根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定。如：‎ This is the book on which I spent 10 yuan. This is the book for which I paid 10 yuan.‎ ‎2） 根据先行词的搭配习惯来决定。如：‎ I remember the day on which I joined the Party.‎ I remember the month in which I stayed here.‎ ‎3） 根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定。如：‎ The pen with which she is writing now was bought yesterday ‎13.This time next year, we _________ on a beach somewhere in Brazil.‎ A. will lie B. will have lay C. will be lying D. will be laying ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查将来进行时时态。句意：明年的这个时候，我们将躺在巴西某处的海滩上。表示的时间是“明年这个时候”，故应该用将来进行时，其构成是“will be +doing”，lie意为“躺着”的现在分词是lying，故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】lie的辨析：‎ 作动词：说谎（lie-lied-lied）‎ 位于、躺（lie-lay-lain）‎ 进行时均为lying 注意区别：lay作动词：生育、下（蛋）（lay-laid-laid）‎ 进行时为laying ‎14.My dad still doesn’t have a driving license. He _____________ his driving test seven times!‎ A. has failed B. failed C. had failed D. fails ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查现在完成时时态。句意：我爸爸还没有驾照。他驾驶考试已经七次不及格了！根据次数seven times七次，可知要用现在完成时“has/have+ done”，主语是He，故用单数has，故选A。‎ ‎【点睛】现在完成时是由助动词“have（has）+过去分词”构成的，其规则动词的过去分词构成与过去式相同，不规则动词的过去分词则需要加强记忆。主要用法如下：‎ ‎1、表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。‎ 例如：I have just cleaned my clothes. 我刚洗过衣服。（“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”）‎ ‎2、表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，也可以表示实质可能继续下去的动作或状态.这时往往与表示一段的时间状语连用。‎ 例如：I have been here for just over two years. 我到这里才两年多。‎ He has worked here since 1989. 从1989年，他就在这里工作。‎ ‎3、现在完成时属于现在时态范围，因此不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如：yesterday，last ‎ night，two weeks ago等，但可以和never，ever，already，yet，just，for..，since等连用。‎ 例如：Have you finished your work yet？你已经完成你的工作了吗？‎ I have never heard that before. 过去，我从未听说过那件事。‎ ‎15.Vertical farms have the potential to reduce or eliminate the need to create additional farmland, for it is estimated that by the year 2050, the world's population __________ by 30 billion and close to 80% will live in urban areas.‎ A. will be increasing B. will increase C. will have increased D. has increased ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查将来完成时的用法。句意：垂直农场有减少或消除创造更多农田需要的可能，因为据估计，到2050年，世界人口将增加到300亿，近80%将生活在城市地区。根据时间by the year 2050“到2050年”，表示到将来某个时间已完成的动作用将来完成时，其构成形式是“will have+ done”，故选C。‎ Section B Complete the passage with appropriate words or the correct form of the words in brackets.‎ A Capsule Fails the Test of Time The US state of Oklahoma, the 48th state in the Union, celebrated its 100th anniversary in 2007. In a year full of official ___16___(celebrate), one event in June attracted spectators and media from all around the world. On 15 June 2007, thousands of people gathered in Tulsa to watch the unearthing of a time capsule that had been buried half a century earlier. There was a feeling of ___17___(excite) in the air. As well as ___18___(wait) to see the time capsule, the crowd was also waiting to find out who had won a competition which ___19___(launch) when the capsule was buried 50 years earlier.‎ The time capsule was a large concrete box. People said it was strong ___20___‎ ‎ to survive a nuclear strike. It had to be large and strong, because it contained a car: a brand new 1957 Plymouth Belvedere. Inside the car ___21___(be) lots of everyday items from the 1950s. For example, there was a can of petrol and a case of beer in the boot. In the glove box was a handbag ___22___(contain) a lipstick and other small items considered ___23___(essence) for a ‘typical’ woman in the 1950s.‎ Before the capsule was buried, officials ran a competition. Entrants had to guess what the population of Tulsa would be in 2007. The organizers recorded all the guesses and saved ___24___ on a roll of microfilm. The microfilm was placed in the Plymouth Belvedere. The organizers’ idea was that ____25____ the time capsule was opened in 2007, the winner would be announced – and he or she (or his or her hers) would win the entire contents of the time capsule, plus the contents of the savings account.‎ ‎【答案】16. celebrations ‎ ‎17. excitement ‎ ‎18. waiting ‎ ‎19. had been launched ‎ ‎20. enough 21. were ‎ ‎22. containing, which/that contained ‎ ‎23. essential ‎ ‎24. them 25. when ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了2007年6月15日，美国俄克拉荷马州开启50年前埋下的时间胶囊，挖掘之前，政府举办了一场竞猜比赛，被挖掘时又引起了数千人观望，文章最后介绍了一下时间胶囊里的东西。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查名词复数。句意：在充满官方庆祝活动的一年里，6月份的一项活动吸引了来自世界各地的观众和媒体。full of意为“充满”，后可接名词复数，形容词official修饰名词，故填celebrations。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：空气中有一种兴奋的感觉。a feeling ‎ of…意为“一种……感觉”，of是介词，后接名词形式，故填excitement。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查并列句的省略。句意：除了等着看时间舱，人们还在等着看谁赢得了50年前这个时间舱被埋时发起的比赛。本题是考查短语as well as…连接的并列用法，分析句子成分，主语是the crowd，谓语是was waiting to find out，为了避免重复，故另一个谓语动词可以省略be动词，故填waiting。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查时态。句意同上。本句有较多复杂句，其中who had won a competition是宾语从句，作find out的宾语；which ___4___（launch）是定语从句，且先行词是competition；时间状语从句when the capsule was buried 50 years earlier.根据时间状语从句中出现的“50 years earlier”，可知定语从句时态应该用过去完成时，比赛competition与谓语动词之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故填had been launched。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查形容词+enough用法。表示程度。句意：人们说它足够强大经受住一次核袭击。这里strong 是形容词，strong enough意为“足够强大的”，故填strong。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查倒装句和主谓一致。句意：车内有许多20世纪50年代的日常用品。方位词inside、outside、out、down等放在句首时，谓语动词要用全部倒装。主语是lots of everyday items，谓语动词保持一致用复数，时态是过去式，故be动词采用were。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：手套箱里放着一个手提包，里面装着口红和其他一些在20世纪50年代被认为是“典型”女性必备的小物件。句子的主语是a handbag，谓语是was。动词contain与主语是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动关系，意为手包里装有什么，故用非谓语doing形式。也可以用that/which引导的定语从句表达，故填containing或which/that contained。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意同上。逻辑主语other small items ，considered表示“被认为”，用形容词表示状态，意为“基本的；必要的”，故填essential。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查代词。句意：组织者把所有的猜测都记录下来，并把它们保存在一卷微胶卷上。此句有and连接两个并列动作，下文重复出现the guesses ‎ 是作saved的宾语，可以用代词them，故填them。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查时间状语从句连词。句意：组织者的想法是，当时间舱在2007年开放时，获胜者将被宣布——他或她(或他或她的继承人)将赢得时间舱的全部内容，再加上储蓄账户的内容。这里表示“当……时”，故填when。‎ ‎【点睛】enough做形容词“足够的，足量的”，做副词“足够地、相当地”，其用法如下。‎ ‎1、形容词+enough：讲enough作为副词使用，用来指代要求的程度或范围时，直接将enough放在所修饰词的形容词后面。如：I was old enough to work and earn money.‎ ‎2、Enough+名词：直接将enough放在名词前面，从而用来表述该名词数量满足要求。如：we have enough food for this wonderful night.‎ ‎3、副词+enough：当enough作为副词来指代要求的程度或者范围时，将enough直接放在它所修饰的副词后面。如：She ran well enough.（她跑地相当快。）‎ Section C Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first. Use the words in brackets.‎ ‎26. We know each other a little better, so we get along fine. (now that)‎ ‎___________________________________________ get along fine.‎ ‎27. There was a hard layer of rock beneath the soil. The rescue operations progressed slowly. (If)‎ ‎_______________________________________________________ quickly.‎ ‎28. As soon as they arrived in England, the tourists were taken to the Buckingham Palace by train. (On)‎ ‎___________________________________________________ by train.‎ ‎29. Mr. Smith is a famous geneticist. I have learned a lot from him. (whom)‎ Mr. Smith, ___________________________________________.‎ ‎30. We are hoping that everyone can pass the exam. (fingers)‎ ‎____________________________________ everyone can pass the exam.‎ ‎【答案】26. Now that we know each other a little better, we ‎ ‎27. If there hadn’t been a hard layer of rock beneath the soil, the rescue ope rations would have progressed ‎ ‎28. On arriving in England, the tourists were taken to the Buckingham Palace ‎ ‎29. from whom I have learned a lot is a famous geneticist. ‎ ‎30. We’re keeping our fingers crossed (that)‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查短语意思及用法。now that意为“既然，由于”，常放在句首使用，引导原因状语从句，故答案是Now that we know each other a little better, we。句意：由于我们彼此多了解了一点，我们相处得很好。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查虚拟语气。If引导的从句虚拟语气，表示动作在想象过去发生而实际没有发生的事件，由过去时倒退成过去完成时，即构成方式是：（从句）if+过去完成时，（主句）情态动词+ have done，故把was改为hadn’t been，progressed改为would have progressed，故答案是If there hadn’t been a hard layer of rock beneath the soil, the rescue operations would have progressed.句意：如果土壤下面没有一层坚硬的岩石，救援行动就会进行得很快。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查介词on的用法。短语as soon as意为“一……就……”，连词，引导时间状语从句，可以用on/upon替换，后面接doing或者名词。前后两句主语是“游客”，故把As soon as they arrived 改为On arriving，故答案是On arriving in England, the tourists were taken to the Buckingham Palace。句意：一到英国，游客们就被火车带到白金汉宫。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查定语从句介词+whom的用法。分析句子可知，先行词是geneticist，指人，用whom。定语从句部分是I have learned a lot from him.根据固定搭配，可知介词是from，故答案是from whom I have learned a lot, is a famous geneticist.句意：史密斯先生是一位著名的遗传学家，我从他那里学到了很多。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查短语意思及用法。原句这里主语是We，谓语是are hoping，意为“希望”，宾语是that从句，短语keep one’s fingers crossed意为“希望走好运”，结合本句，故答案是We’re keeping our fingers crossed (that)。句意：我们祈祷每个人都能通过考试。‎ ‎【点睛】1.表示与现在事实相反的情况。其句子结构为：从句：if+主语+动词的过去式（be 用were）+……主句：主语+would（should，could，might）+动词原形+…… 如：‎ If I were you，I would read it again.如果我是你的话，我再读一遍。（事实上我不是你）‎ If he hurried，he could catch the first bus.他要是快点能够赶上头班公共汽车。（可他不急）‎ ‎2.表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+had+过去完成式动词+…….主句：主语+would（should，could，might）+have+过去完成式动词+.…… 如：‎ If you had taken my advice，you would not have made such a mistake.如果你听了我的劝告，就不会犯这样的错误。（事实上你没有听我的劝告）‎ If it had rained yesterday，we would have stayed at home.如果昨天下雨的话，我们就会留在家里。（事实上昨天没下雨）‎ ‎3.表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句（对将来的事实实现的可能性不大）。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+should（或were）+动词原形+……主句：主语+would（could，should，might）+动词原形+…… 如：‎ If it should rain tomorrow，I would stay at home.如果明天下雨的话，我将待在家里。（根据天气情况，明天不可能下雨）‎ If he came tomorrow，I would do it with him.如果明天他来的话，我将和他一起做此事。（事实上他来的可能性很小）‎ Reading comprehension.‎ Total 30 marks; 1.5 mark for each question. (For passage D, pick out 5 choices out of 7)‎ A A degree in what?‎ How many people in the world have a university degree in enigmatology? Well, not many. As a matter of fact, the number of enigmatology graduates in the whole world is just one: a man whose job it is to design puzzles for newspapers and magazines. American Will Shortz is an author and crossword editor. He has worked on over a hundred books, and he owns the world’s largest collection of puzzle books and magazines. The oldest title in his collection was published in 1545! And because his work is ‎ also his hobby, he has always been interested in learning as much as possible about the subject.‎ Obviously, because he is the only enigmatologist in the world, there were no university professors who could teach him an established course of studies. He did not go to lectures and classes like his fellow students. Shortz designed his own research programme, which the university accepted, and he completed his course and received his bachelor’s degree from Indiana University in 1974.‎ So the question remains, what exactly is enigmatology? It is the study of puzzles: their types, their history, and their popularity. It’s a mixture of history, maths, logic and cultural studies.‎ There were some people who criticized the university for offering a course in such a strange subject, and they were also critical of Shortz, claiming that he had taken advantage of Indiana University’s flexibility. But Shortz has his fans too, such as the former US president Bill Clinton. He sent Shortz a personal note on his 50th birthday because he loves the New York Times crossword, which Shortz edits. Shortz has also been a guest on several television shows, including an episode of the famous cartoon The Simpsons, and the comedy series How I Met Your Mother, where he played himself.‎ ‎31. Which of the statement is true according to the text?‎ A. Shortz’s occupation is to write puzzles for university graduates.‎ B. Shortz has worked on all the titles in his collection.‎ C. Shortz did original research and graduated from an American university.‎ D. Bill Clinton sent Shortz a note on his birthday because they’re friends.‎ ‎32. What is the author’s attitude towards Shortz?‎ A. Indifferent. B. Neutral.‎ C. Praising. D. Criticizing.‎ ‎【答案】31. C 32. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要是介绍了谜学到底是什么以及全世界谜题专业唯一的毕业生——美国作家威尔·肖兹，他是一名作家兼纵横字谜编辑，他写了一百多本书，还有不少粉丝。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段there were no university professors who could teach him an established course of studies. He did not go to lectures and classes like his fellow students. Shortz designed his own research programme可知，大学并没有教授教肖兹这门课程，肖兹是自己设计自己的研究项目。故选C。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段and they were also critical of Shortz, claiming that he had taken advantage of Indiana University’s flexibility. But Shortz has his fans too可知，有人批评肖兹，但他也有粉丝，故作者的态度是中立的，故选B项。‎ B Differences inside our bodies Did you know that people who live in different parts of China have different habits and preferences?‎ For example, people from southern China prefer to eat vegetables, while people from north China like to eat meat. But what causes these differences?‎ According to a new study published in the journal Cell in October, gene variations might be responsible for these differences, Xinhua reported.‎ In the study, researchers from Chinese genome-sequencing (基因组测序) firm BGI collected genetic information from 141,431 Chinese women. The women came from 31 provinces and comprised 36 ethnic minority groups.‎ The researchers found that there are six gene frequencies that are different among people from both northern and southern China. They found that natural selection has played an important role in the ways that people living in different regions of China have evolved, affecting their food preferences, immunities to illness and physical traits, the New York Times reported.‎ The researchers reported that a variation of the gene FADS2 is more commonly found in northern people than it is in southern people. It helps people metabolize (新陈代谢) fatty acids (脂肪酸), which suggests a diet that is rich in meat. According to Xinhua, this is due to climate differences. Northern China is at a higher latitude,‎ ‎ which means it’s cold and dry throughout the whole year. This weather is difficult to grow vegetables in. Therefore, northerners tend to eat more meat.‎ The study also found differences in the immune systems of both groups. Most people in southern China carry the gene CR1, which protects against malaria. This is because malaria was once quite common in southern China. In order to survive, the genes of people in the south evolved to fight against this disease. However, people in the south are also more vulnerable to certain blood-borne illnesses, as they lack the genes to stop them.‎ Genes can also cause physical differences between northerners and southerners. Most northerners have the ABCC11 gene, which causes dry earwax (耳屎), less body odor and fewer sweat secretions (分泌), The New York Times reported. These physical differences are also more beneficial to living in cold environments. Southerners are less likely to have this gene, as it did not evolve in their population.‎ ‎33. What’s this passage mainly about?‎ A. A study of the genes of Chinese minority groups.‎ B. Habits of people from different regions of China.‎ C. Differences in the genes of people from different parts of China.‎ D. Physical differences between northerners and southerners.‎ ‎34. A variation of the gene FADS2 can help our body ________.‎ A. store fat B. digest meat C. fight disease D. control sweat ‎35. The underlined word “comprised” is closest in meaning to ________.‎ A. consisted of B. compared to C. completed D. started with ‎36. According to the passage, most northerners in China ________.‎ a. tend to have less disease like malaria b. have less body odor c. catch blood-borne illnesses easily d. sweat less frequently A. ab B. bc C. bd D. cd ‎【答案】33. C 34. B 35. A 36. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。中国的南北方人在生活方式、饮食习惯等方面都有着明显的差异，而最近科学家们发现，这些差异或许与南北方人不同的基因有关。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第三段According to a new study published in the journal Cell in October, gene variations might be responsible for these differences, Xinhua reported.可知，基因变异或许是导致这些差异的原因，故选C项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 细节理解题。第六段第二句It helps people metabolize (新陈代谢) fatty acids (脂肪酸), which suggests a diet that is rich in meat.可知，FADS2基因能帮助人们代谢脂肪酸，也就是帮助消化肉类。故选B。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第四段第二句The women came from 31 provinces and comprised 36 ethnic minority groups.可知，这些妇女来自31个省，由36个少数民族组成，因此猜测comprised意“由……组成，包含”，故A选项贴近。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知，大多数北方人拥有ABCC11基因，结果表现为干性耳垢、体味较小、汗水分泌较少。而南方人不太可能有这种基因，故b、d内容正确。根据倒数第二段内容Most people in southern China carry the gene CR1, which protects against malaria. 和However, people in the south are also more vulnerable to certain blood-borne illnesses可知，在中国南方的大多数人携带CR1基因，这种基因可以预防疟疾。南方人也更容易感染某些血源性疾病，故a和c错误。故选 C正确。‎ C Could the Futuristic Traveling Tube Become a Reality?‎ It sounds like something straight out of a science fiction movie or a silly cartoon: a futuristic traveling tube that can quickly shoot people wherever they want to go, inside a tiny pod. But this may be just around the corner for people looking for a ‎ faster, easier, and cheaper-than-ever way to travel. South African-American inventor and billionaire Elon Musk, who, in the past, has worked on both private space flight and electric cars, recently announced he has been working on the design of this traveling tube, which could forever change the way we travel the world.‎ In an interview, Musk described the new tube as a fifth kind of transportation. “We have planes, trains, automobiles, and boats,” he explained. “What if there was a fifth mode? I have a name for it, it’s called the Hyperloop.”‎ The Hyperloop would have the power to cut back on travel time between major cities like Los Angeles and San Francisco, which is what inspired Musk to design the Hyperloop in the first place. Musk stated in an interview that he actually came up with the idea for the Hyperloop while thinking about the train that takes people between Los Angeles and San Francisco—it is known for being one of the slowest in the country.‎ ‎“This system I have in mindcan never crash, is immune to weather, it goes three or four times faster than the bullet train…it goes an average speed of twice what an aircraft would do,” explained Musk.‎ ‎“You would go from downtown L. A. to downtown San Francisco in under 30 minutes,” he added. “It would cost you much less than an air ticket and less than any other mode of transport.”‎ People using the Hyperloop would shoot around in pods, which are each just over six-and-a-half feet across, and the pods would travel through tubes located either above ground or under water, though Musk has not yet released his final design drawings.‎ Additionally, Musk believes the Hyperloop could be completely powered by the sun—making it more environmentally friendly than cars, airplanes, or train systems. Someday it could possibly move people between the East and West Coasts of the United States in less than an hour, which is faster than any other mode of transportation that exists. Eventually, the Hyperloop would be able to move people around the world.‎ ‎37. What does this passage describe?‎ A. A traveling tube that could help people get around in the future.‎ B. The costs of building traveling tubes around the world.‎ C. The damage that cars, planes, and trains do to the environment.‎ D. The reasons that people are looking for a cheaper-than-ever way to travel.‎ ‎38. If built, the Hyperloop would be faster than any other type of transportation. Why?‎ A. People using the Hyperloop would travel in pods that are about six-and-a-half feet across.‎ B. The Hyperloop is being designed to travel at twice the speed of an airplane.‎ C. Right now people can fly, drive, or take a train to get from Los Angeles to San Francisco.‎ D. Inventors in other countries are working on technology similar to the Hyperloop.‎ ‎39. Why might people want to use the Hyperloop instead of other kinds of transportation?‎ A. People with motion sickness might not be able to handle the Hyperloop.‎ B. People are tired of using the same four kinds of transportation over and over.‎ C. The Hyperloop could take people to places where planes and trains do not go.‎ D. People would not have to pay as much to use the Hyperloop.‎ ‎40. What is this passage mainly about?‎ A. Science fiction movies and cartoons featuring futuristic traveling tubes with tiny pods.‎ B. The interest that inventor Elon Musk has in private space flight and electric cars.‎ C. Why the train between Los Angeles and San Francisco is one of the slowest in the country.‎ D. A tube that could make travel in the future easier, faster, and cheaper.‎ ‎【答案】37. A 38. B 39. D 40. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇科技说明文。一个未来的旅行管道可以快速地把人们带到他们想去的任何地方，南非洲裔美国发明家、亿万富翁埃隆·马斯克最近宣布，他一直在设计并畅想了这种旅行管道——超回路列车。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段中a futuristic traveling tube that can quickly shoot people ‎ wherever they want to go, inside a tiny pod.可知，这篇文章是畅想了关于这种管道的未来，故选A。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段it goes an average speed of twice what an aircraft would do可知，它的平均速度是飞机的两倍，故选B。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 细节理解题根据第五段You would go from downtown L. A. to downtown San Francisco in under 30 minutes,” he added. “It would cost you much less than an air ticket and less than any other mode of transport.”，可知，超回路列车将比机票便宜得多，而且比任何其他交通方式都便宜，故选D。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据倒数第三段It would cost you much less than an air ticket and less than any other mode of transport可知，更便宜。再在最后一段中，more environmentally friendly、faster 和would be able to move people around the world，可知这种超回路列车更环保、更方便，更快，故D选项切题。‎ D Tribute can go to anything Since 1927, Time has chosen to profile a person or group and feature them on its front page.___41___. Here are three of the Time’ magazine’s more unconventional choices:‎ ‎“The Computer”, 1982‎ At the start of the 1980s, home computing was just starting to take off, with companies like Sinclair and Apple releasing consumer-focused machines to the masses. ___42___– they were mainly only useful for word processing or extremely basic gaming – at the time they were new, exciting and exotic.‎ ‎“This sweetheart here, this little baby, looks like any ordinary machine, isn’t that so? ___43___ Comes with new words too: RAM and ROM,” wrote Time.‎ ‎“You”, 2006‎ In the age when sites like YouTube and Facebook were in their new and had not developed very much, Time named those who created and uploaded “user-generated content” onto such websites as its choice of the year.‎ ‎___44___, with a writer for The Atlantic later remarking: “Is anyone out there not sick of people ironically listing ‘Time Person of the Year, 2006’ in Twitter bios – a reference to the gimmicky(巧妙手法的) selection of ‘You’ that year? Didn’t think so.”‎ ‎“Endangered Earth”, 1989‎ During a period of heightened awareness of global warming and climate change, ___45___ This led to an environmental action plan being later published after Time invited a team of environmental experts and policymakers to an environmental conference it organized.‎ A. This created chaos B. A mess of screws and buttons, a whole heap of plastic.‎ C. While the PCs of the early ’80s were primitive compared to today’s D. The decision drew mainly confused and negative feedback from the public and media E. Time featured Earth as its “Planet of the Year”.‎ F. Other than people, objects have made it to front page too.‎ G. But it’s not always people that make the front cover.‎ ‎【答案】41. G 42. C ‎ ‎43. B 44. D ‎ ‎45. E ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。主要是讲述了《时代》杂志选择了对一个人或一个群体进行特写，并将其刊登在封面，并展示了它的三个非常规选择。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 根据第一段第一句Since 1927, Time has chosen to profile a person or group and feature them on its front page可知，《时代》杂志选择了对个人或群体进行特写，并将其刊登在它的头版上，下文又描述了三个不同的选择方面，故此处应该是不是所有人都是封面人物。故选择G选项。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 根据上文home computing was just starting to take off可知，此时家用电脑才开始使用，再根据下文at the time they were new, exciting and exotic.可知，在当时它们是新的、令人兴奋的、具有异国情调的东西，所以此处应该是用转折的句子和现在相比，故C选项切题。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 根据上一句This sweetheart here, this little baby, looks like any ordinary machine 可知，电脑看起来就是很普通的机器，机器由普通零件和线路组成，故选B。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 根据下文作家写的话Is anyone out there not sick of people ironically listing ‘Time Person of the Year, 2006’ in Twitter bios – a reference to the gimmicky(巧妙手法的) selection of ‘You’ that year? Didn’t think so.可知，作家的这些话语是confused and negative反馈，故选D。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 根据小标题Endangered Earth可知，本段内容是关于地球，还有相关的全球变暖等问题，再根据下一句This led to an environmental action plan being later published after Time invited a team of environmental experts and policymakers to an environmental conference it organized.可知，《时代》杂志邀请了一组环境专家和政策制定者参加其组织的一次环境会议，随后发布了一份环境行动计划，故此处应该是《时代》杂志重视地球，故选E合适。‎ Cloze Test Abbey Ahern, 34, who lives in Oklahoma, was devastated when she was ___46___at her 19-week scan that her daughter had the ___47___ illness anencephaly (先天无脑畸形) which meant she would not live beyond a few ___48___.‎ According to the National Institutes of Health, the defect means the baby has an ___49___ brain and incomplete skull.‎ Approximately one in 10,000 babies in the US are born with anencephaly, most of which result ___50___ miscarriage.(流产).‎ As a result, Abbey and her pilot husband Robert, also 34, decided to have a ___51___‎ ‎ birth in the next few hours so that they could spend time with their daughter and ___52___ her organs - making Annie the first infant ___53___ donor in the state.‎ ‎___54___ they asked the doctor for the gender of their unborn child and decided to name her ______55______ the spot. They named her easily: Annie, which means, "grace."‎ Abbey said: ‘______56______ a terminally-ill baby to ______57______ was by far the most difficult thing I have ever done For us, even in the midst of our terrible ______58______ we were able to see so much ______59______.’‎ The family spent just 14 hours and 58 minutes with Annie before she ______60______away.‎ Her ______61______ were not viable for transplant ______62______ her oxygen levels were too low - which Abbey said was 'disappointing' - but they were able to donate her heart valves（瓣膜） and some of her organs could be used for ______63______.‎ She said: 'Annie's story is one of ______64______. I think it shows people that in the midst of ______65______, there can be beauty.‎ ‎46. A. told B. learned C. said D. heard ‎47. A. dead B. early C. terminal D. weak ‎48. A. days B. hours C. years D. months ‎49. A. healthy B. unfit C. ill D. underdeveloped ‎50. A. in B. to C. for D. from ‎51. A. dead B. new C. live D. usual ‎52. A. donate B. give C. present D. remove ‎53. A. baby B. small C. fresh D. newborn ‎54. A. Afterwards B. Since C. From that time on D. Finally ‎55. A. on B. in C. for D. at ‎56. A. holding B. carrying C. taking D. bringing ‎57. A. due B. term C. birth D. live ‎58. A. sadness B. heart-broken C. heartbreak D. silence ‎59. A. humanity B. light C. truth D. beauty ‎60. A. went B. flew C. crossed D. passed ‎61. A. heart B. organs C. body D. eyes ‎62. A. while B. so C. because D. thus ‎63. A. research B. learning C. hospitals D. transplant ‎64. A. miracle B. persistency C. faith D. hope ‎65. A. tragedy B. obstacle C. hardship D. forgiveness ‎【答案】46. A 47. C 48. B 49. D 50. A 51. C 52. A 53. D 54. A 55. A 56. B 57. B 58. C 59. D 60. D 61. B 62. C 63. A 64. D 65. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了居住在美国俄克拉荷马州34岁的艾比阿埃伦知道女儿患有晚期的无脑畸形只能活几小时，还是选择生了下来陪伴她，并将女儿的一些器官捐赠让其留在世间的事情。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她在19周的扫描中被告知。A. told告知；B. learned领会；C. said说；D. heard听说。根据devastated“崩溃的”可知，艾比阿埃伦被告知了关于胎儿的事，故选A选项切题。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的女儿患有晚期的无脑畸形。A. dead死的；B. early早的；C. terminal晚期的；D. weak虚弱的。从下文illness anencephaly可知，这疾病是令她崩溃的，应该是晚期的，故选C选项切题。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这意味着她活不了几个小时。A. days日；B. hours小时；C. years年；D. months月。根据下文The family spent just 14 hours and 58 minutes with Annie可知，安妮只有十几个小时的生命，故选B选项切题。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一缺陷意味着婴儿的大脑发育不全，颅骨不完整。A. healthy健康的；B. unfit不合适的；C. ill生病的；D. underdeveloped不发达的。根据incomplete ‎ skull“不完整的头盖骨”可知，大脑的发育是不发达的，故选D选项切题。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。句意：其中大部分导致流产。短语result in，意为“引起，导致，结果是”，故选A选项切题。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：艾比和她34岁的飞行员丈夫罗伯特决定在接下来的几个小时内进行一次活产。A. dead死的；B. new新的；C. live活着的；D. usual通常的。根据下文they could spend time with their daughter可知，他们夫妻决定生下来这个婴儿，故C选项切题。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样他们就可以和女儿呆在一起，并捐献她的器官。A. donate捐赠；B. give给予；C. present呈现；D. remove移除。从下文donor“捐赠者”可知，是指捐赠器官，故选A选项切题。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得安妮成为该州第一个新生儿捐赠者。A. baby婴儿；B. small小的；C. fresh新鲜的；D. newborn新生的。这里指的是第一个新生的婴儿捐赠者，故选D选项切题。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：之后，他们向医生询问了未出生孩子的性别。A. Afterwards然后；B. Since自从；C. From that time on从那时起；D. Finally最后。然后他们就问了婴儿的性别并为她取名，故选A选项切题。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。句意：并决定当场给她取名。on the spot意为“在现场，当场”，当场就命名她叫“安妮”，故选A选项切题。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 考查动名词词义辨析。句意：生下这个患有绝症的孩子是迄今为止她做过的最困难的事情。A. holding持有；B. carrying怀孕；承重；C. taking带走；D. bringing带来。故选B选项切题。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：生下一个身患绝症的婴儿是我做过的最困难的事情。A. due应得之物；B. term期限；C. birth出生；D.‎ ‎ live生活。这里指带到生命的终点，故选B选项切题。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 考查词性。句意：对我们来说，即使在我们极度心碎的时候，我们也能看到如此多的美丽。A. sadness悲伤；B. heart-broken极其伤心的；C. heartbreak心碎，伤心事；D. silence沉默。从terrible可知，这是一件伤心事，故选C选项切题。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从悲伤中看到美好的事物。A. humanity人道；B. light光；C. truth真理；D. beauty美丽。故选D选项切题。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。句意：安妮去世前，这家人与她在一起的时间只有14小时58分钟。短语pass away“去世”，故选D选项切题。‎ ‎【61题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的器官移植不可行，因为含氧量过低。A. heart心脏；B. organs器官；C. body身体；D. eyes眼睛。根据下文donate her heart valves（瓣膜） and some of her organs可知，她的瓣膜和一些其他器官能捐赠，故选B选项切题。‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ 考查连词词义辨析。句意：她的器官因为氧含量太低而无法移植。A. while然而；B. so因此；C. because因为；D. thus如此。根据下文but转折内容可知，她的器官因为氧含量太低而无法移植，故选C选项切题。‎ ‎【63题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的一些器官可以用于研究。A. research研究；B. learning学习；C. hospitals医院；D. transplant移植。这里指器官用于研究，故选A选项切题。‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：安妮的故事充满希望。A. miracle奇迹；B. persistency持续，坚韧；C. faith信念；D. hope希望。安妮的故事象征着希望。这对夫妇捐赠女儿的器官其实是希望女儿能帮助其他人，也是通过另外一种方式留在了世间。故选D选项切题。‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为它告诉人们，在悲剧中，也可以有美。A. tragedy悲剧；B. obstacle障碍；C. hardship艰辛；D. forgiveness原谅。这与上文“对我们来说，即使在我们可怕的伤心事中，我们也能看到很多美好的东西”是一样的句子，故选A。‎ WRITING (25marks)‎ ‎66.Imagine you are burying a time capsule for the people who will open it 1000 years from now. You are going to write a letter to your future friends. Include the following information in about 120 words:‎ ‎1. When and why you are burying the time capsule ‎2. An explanation of your choice of items:‎ Choose at least one item for each category A-C below:‎ A Culture (music, literature, etc.)‎ B Technology C Home life ‎3. One or two problems the world is facing today Dear future friends,‎ My name is Li Hua._________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear future friends,‎ My name is Li Hua. I’m a senior high school student in Guangming School. It is nice to know that you open my time capsule. Here is some information about it.‎ It is buried in the museum on June 10th, 2019. The reason why I want to bury it is that I’d like to let you know something traditional today. One of the difficult problems we are facing today is the constant disappearance of the traditional culture. As you can see, there are two traditional items I have put into the time capsule. One is a paper cutting, which is one of the most cultural representatives of China. The other is 100 yuan lucky money in the red envelop. I’m afraid it will lose its red original paper design after 1,000 years, because so many people would rather transfer lucky money through WeChat than give it face to face.‎ Chinese culture is one of the oldest cultures all over the world. It is not only our treasure but also our soul. Therefore, we should keep them wisely.‎ Wish you all the best.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文，要求写一封书信。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封书信，注意书信的格式。时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定写作内容：1. When and why you are burying the time capsule ‎2. An explanation of your choice of items:‎ Choose at least one item for each category A-C below:‎ A Culture (music, literature, etc.)‎ B Technology C Home life ‎3. One or two problems the world is facing today 第3步：确定关键词（组）：时间囊time capsule，困难问题difficult problems，剪纸paper cutting，压岁钱lucky money in the red envelop等。‎ 第4步：确定常用句式表达：很高兴知道…It is nice to know that，我想要…I’d like to…，宁愿…而不愿…would rather do sth. than do sth.，不仅… 而且…等 第5步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ 本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，逻辑清晰，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如：It的常用句式It is nice to know that you open my time capsule.；常用句式The reason why I want to bury it is that I’d like to let you know something traditional today.；There be存在句As you can see, there are two traditional items I have put into the time capsule.；非限制性定语从句One is a paper cutting, which is one of the most cultural representatives of China. ；would rather…than…用法because so many people would rather transfer lucky money through WeChat than give it face to face.等。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ ‎ ‎