专题03代词-2017年高考英语二轮核心考点总动员

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专题03代词-2017年高考英语二轮核心考点总动员

专题 03 代词 关键词:人称代词,物主代词,指示代词,不定代词,疑问代词,it用法 难度系数:✱✱✱✱‎ 推荐指数:✱✱✱✱✱‎ ‎【基础回顾】‎ 考点归纳:‎ ‎1. 人称代词有人称、数和格的变化。‎ ‎2. 物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种,有人称和数的变化。‎ ‎3.指示代词常考this,that,these,those这些代词的辨析。‎ ‎4.反身代词常考一些语境理解及常用的固定搭配。‎ ‎5.不定代词的固定搭配也是常考的点,还有一些常见的不定代词的辨析。‎ ‎6.it的用法是一个高考必考点以及学习的难点。‎ 基础必读:‎ 代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、自身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种 一、人称代词。‎ 表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、 “我们”、“你们”、“他们”的词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化,见下表:‎ 数 单数 复数 格 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you 第三人称]]]]]‎ he]]]‎ him]]‎ they]]‎ them]]‎ she her they them it it they them e.g.:He is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 It's me. 是我。‎ 二、物主代词。‎ 表示所有关系的代词,也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种,其人称和数的变化见下表。‎ 数 单数 复数 人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 形容词性物主代词 my your his/her/its our your their 名词性物主代词 mine yours his/hers /its ours yours theirs e.g.: I like his car.‎ 我喜欢他的小汽车。‎ Our school is here,and theirs is there. ‎ 我们的学校在这儿,他们的在那儿。‎ 三、 指示代词 ‎ 表示“那个”、 “这个”、 “这些”、 “那些”等指示概念的代词。指示代词有this,that,these,those等。‎ e.g.: That is a good idea.   那是个好主意。‎ 四、 表示“我自己”、“你自己”、“他自己”、“我们自己”、“你们自己”和“他们自己”等的代词,叫做自身代词,也称为“反身代词”。‎ e.g.: She was talking to herself. 她自言自语。‎ 五、 表示相互关系的代词叫相互代词,有each other 和one another两组,但在运用中,这两组词没什么区别。‎ e.g.: They love each other. 他们彼此相爱。‎ 六、不指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词。常见的不定代词有all , both, every, each, either, neither, more, little, few, much, many, another, other, some, any , one, no 以及some, something, anything, everything, somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nothing , nobody, no one, none, everybody, everyone.等。这些不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词,在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语,但none和由some,any,no等构成的复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语或表语;every和no只能作定语。‎ e.g.:--- Do you have a car?  --你有一辆小汽车吗?‎ ‎--- Yes,I have one.  --是的,我有一辆 ‎ ‎--- I don't know any of them.  他们,我一个也不认识 不定代词的功能与用法 ‎1. 除every 和no外不定代词既可用作名词,也可用作形容词。every和no在句中只能作定语 ‎ I have no idea about it.‎ ‎2. all 都,指三者以上。‎ all 的主谓一致:all的单复数由它所修饰或指代的名词的单复数决定。‎ All goes well.  一切进展得很好 ‎ all 通常不与可数名词单数连用,如:不说 all the book,而说 the whole book。 ‎ 但all可与表时间的可数名词单数连用,如 all day,all night,all the year; 但习惯上不说 all hour,all century。‎ all还可以与一些特殊的单数名词连用,如 all China, all the city, all my life, all the way ‎3.  both 都,指两者 ‎ ‎1).both 与复数动词连用,但 both… and…可与单数名词连用。‎ ‎2).both, all 都可作同位语,其位置在行为动词前, be 动词之后。如果助动词或情态动词后面的实义动词省 去,则位于助动词或情态动词之前。‎ Who can speak Japanese?  We both (all) can.‎ ‎4. neither 两者都不 ‎1).neither作主语时,谓语动词用单数 ‎ ‎2).作定语与单数名词连用,但neither… nor 用作并列连词,可与复数名词连用。其谓语采用就近原则 ‎ ‎3).可用于下列句型,避免重复。‎ She can't sing,neither (can) he. ‎ ‎4).neither与nor ‎ 如前句是否定式从句,则主句用neither,而不用 nor。‎ If you don't do it,neither should I. 如果你不干,我也不干。‎ 如后连续有几个否定句式,则用nor,不用neither。‎ He can't sing,nor dance,nor skate.‎ ‎5. none 无 ‎ 1) none作主语,多与of 构成短语 none of。 在答语中,none可单独使用。       ‎ ‎ Are there any pictures on the wall? None.‎ ‎ 2) none作主语,谓语动词单复数均可。但如做表语,则其单复数与表语一致。‎ ‎ It is none of your business.‎ ‎6. few 一些,少数 ‎ few 作主语时,谓语动词用复数,多用于肯定句。‎ ‎7.some 一些 ‎1) 可与复数名词及不可数名词连用 ‎ ‎2) 当做"某一"解时,也可与单数名词连用。(= a certain)‎ You will be sorry for this some day.‎ 总有一天,你会后悔这件事的 ‎ A certain (some) person has seen you break the rule.‎ 某些人不同意你的看法。‎ 注意:(1)在肯定疑问句中用some代替any。‎ ‎(2)some用于其他句式中:‎ ‎ a. 肯定疑问句中:说话人认为对方的答案会是肯定的,或期望得到肯定回答时。‎ ‎ Would you like句式中,表委婉请求或建议,如:‎ ‎  Would you like some coffee?‎ ‎ b. 在条件状语从句中表示确定的意义时,如:‎ ‎  If you need some help,let me know.‎ ‎ c.  some位于主语部分,‎ ‎  Some students haven't been there before.‎ ‎ d.  当否定的是整体中的部分时,some可用于否定句 如:‎ ‎ I haven't heard from some of my old friends these years.‎ ‎ 这些年我没有收到一些老朋友的信 ‎ ‎8. any 一些 ‎ 1) any 多用于否定句和疑问句和条件状语从句中。‎ ‎ 当句中含有任何的意思时,any可用于肯定句。‎ ‎ Here are three novels. You may read any. 这有三本小说,你可任读一本。‎ ‎9.one, ones 为复数形式 ones必须和形容词连用。如果替代的名词时无形容词在前,则用some, any,而不 ‎ 用ones。‎ Have you bought any rulers? Yes,I 've bought some.‎ one表示泛指,that和it 表示特指。that与所指名词为同类,但不是同一个,而it 与所指名词为同一个。‎ I can't find my hat. I think I must buy one. (不定)‎ 我找不到我的帽子了。我想我该去买一顶。‎ The hat you bought is bigger than that I bought. (同类但不同个)‎ 你买的那顶帽子比我买的大 ‎ I can't find my hat. I don' t know where I put it. ( 同一物)‎ 我找不到我的帽子。我不知道我把它放在哪了。‎ one… the other 只有两个;some… the others  有三个以上;one… another,another…‎ some… others,others… ;others = other people/things ;the others = the rest 剩余的全部 ‎1) 泛指另一个用another。 ‎ ‎2) 一定范围内两人(物),一个用one,另一个用the other。‎ ‎3) 一定范围内三者,一个用one,另一个用one (another),第三个可用the other,a third。‎ ‎4) 一定范围内,除去一部分人/物,剩余的全部用the others。‎ ‎5) 泛指别的人或物时,用others当在一定范围内,除去一部分后,剩余部分但不是全部时,也用others ‎ 七、 疑问代词 主要有who,whom,whose,what和which等。在句子中用来构成特殊疑问句。疑问代词都可用作连接代词,引导名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句)‎ e.g.:Tell me who he is.  告诉我他是谁。‎ 八、 关系代词 主要有who,whom,whose,that,which,as等,可用作引导从句的关联词。它们在定语从句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语等;另一方面它们又代表主句中为定语从句所修饰的那个名词或代词(通称为先行词)的意思。‎ e.g.: He is the man whom you have been looking for.  他就是你要找的那个人。‎ 九、It的用法 it在英语语法中属人称代词,意思是“它”,用来指人以外的一切生物和事物。它的用法不仅不简单,而且很复杂。‎ ‎(一)、用于指人以外的一切生物、无生命的东西和事情。 ‎ 一般指说话者心目中已经了解或所指的生物、无生命的东西或事情、没有性别的区分;可以是可数名词,也可以是不可数名词,在句子中既可做主语,也可以作宾语。 ‎ ‎1.指动物和植物。 ‎ e.g.:—Oh,that's Lucy's hat.噢,那是露茜的帽子 ‎ ‎—It looks like a cat!它看上去像只猫! ‎ Where's tea grown?It's grown in the southeast of China.什么地方种植茶?中国东南部种植茶。 ‎ ‎2.指代一些无生命的东西 ‎ e.g.:Is it your watch?这是你的手表吗? ‎ Look at the rain!It's heavy,isn't it?看这雨!雨很大,对吗? ‎ ‎3.代替上文提到过的整个事情 ‎ e.g.:‎ Well,you mustn't play on the road.It's dangerous.哦,你不能在公路上玩。这太危险了! ‎ It was hard work,but they really enjoyed it.摘苹果是艰苦活,可他们都乐意去干(它)。 ‎ ‎(二)、用于指代人 ‎ ‎1.指代说话者心目中不太清楚的那个人,常在打电话或敲门时用。 ‎ e.g.:—Who was it?是谁(打来的电话)? ‎ ‎ —Was it Susan?(打电话的)是苏珊吗? ‎ ‎ —Yes,it was.是的,我是。(根据上下句,“it was”也可不译出来。) ‎ ‎—Who is knocking at the door?谁在敲门? ‎ ‎—It's me.是我 ‎ ‎2.指说话者心目中的那个人 ‎ ‎ e.g.:—Is it your sister,Kate?(那旧照片上的 baby)是你姐姐凯特吧? ‎ ‎ —No!不是 ‎ ‎—Is it your brother?是你哥哥吧? ‎ ‎—No!不是 ‎ ‎—I know—it's you!我知道了,(那)是你。 ‎ ‎3.指代性别不详的婴幼儿或在不计较性别时,也可用it来指人。‎ e.g.:The child smiled when it saw its mother.这小孩一见到母亲就笑了。 ‎ I don't know who it is.我不知道他是谁。 ‎ 注意:看到这样的句子(或听到这样的话)时,要想一想,不要一看到it就把它译成“它”。) ‎ ‎4.在回答用指示代词表示人的特殊问句时,常用it指人 ‎ ‎ e.g.:—Who's that?那人是谁? ‎ ‎ —Is it Kate?是凯特吗? ‎ ‎—Yes,I think you're right.It's Kate.是的,我想你说对了,是凯特。 ‎ ‎(三)、用于指时间、距离和自然现象等 ‎ ‎1.表示时间。 ‎ e.g.:—What time is it?几点钟? ‎ ‎—It's ten.十点钟。 ‎ It's summer in Australia now.现在澳大利亚是夏天。 ‎ 特别注意it用于表示时间时还常见于以下三个句型中: ‎ ‎(1)It's time(for sb.)to do sth./It's time for sth. “是(某人)该干……的时间了”、“到……的时候了” ‎ e.g.:It's time for supper/to have supper.是吃晚饭的时候了。 ‎ I think it's time for us to start the lesson now.我想现在是我们开始上课的时候了。 ‎ ‎(2)It is /has been +时间段+since +一般过去时 ‎ It was +时间段+since+过去完成时 ‎“自从……以来已过了……(时间)” ‎ e.g.:It has been two weeks since we met last.自从我们上次相遇以来,两个星期过去了。 ‎ It's three years since he came here.=It has been three years since he came here.‎ ‎=He has been here for three years.他到这里已经三年了。‎ 注意:It is/has been+时间段+ since …continuous v-ed(延续性动词) 某动作已有多长时间不发生了 ‎ e.g.:It's 10 years that he lived here ‎ ‎(3)it’s (about/high) time that sb. did sth. (正是)该某人做某事的时候了(这是一个虚拟语气,表示对现在事实相反的虚拟语气)‎ e.g.:It’s high time that we went to school.‎ ‎(4)It is the x-th time (that) sb have done sth ‎ It was the x-th time that sb had done sth这是某人第几次做某事了 ‎ e.g.:It's the third time that he has failed the driving test. ‎ It was the second time that he had seen the film.‎ ‎ (5)It was(not) +时间段+before +一般过去时 “过(不)了多长时间某动作发生了” ‎ It will be +时间段+before+一般现在时 “过多长时间才…”‎ e.g.:It was not long before they arrived. ‎ It will be several years before we meet again.‎ ‎2.表示距离。 ‎ e.g.:It's half an hour's walk from my home to the school.从我家到学校步行得花半小时时间。 ‎ ‎ —Where's the farm,Li Lei?Is it far?李雷,农场在哪里?远吗? ‎ ‎—No,it's quite near.不,(距)离这很近。‎ ‎3.表示自然现象。 ‎ e.g.:Sometimes it snows and the land is all white.有时下雪,大地一片白。 ‎ It is very quiet here at the moment.眼下这儿很安静。 ‎ ‎(四)、用作形式主语(empty subject)。 ‎ 英语中常常见到某个句子以it开头,it与其后面的动词不定式短语、动名词短语、名词性从句等相呼应,以表达一个完整的意义。这是一种习惯表达法,这样的句式可避免句子显得头重脚轻 ‎ ‎1.It+is/was+adj.+(for/of sb)+to do sth/that clause 对于这个句型中究竟用 for还是用of,一般遵循这样的规则:如果形容词仅仅是描述事物的形容词,如:difficult, easy,hard,important,dangerous等用for;如果形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格、品质的,如:kind,good,nice,clever等则用of ‎ e.g.:‎ It is interesting to play with snow in winter. 冬季里玩雪是很有趣的。 ‎ It's important for us to keep the water clean. 保持水质清洁对我们来说是很重要的。 ‎ It's very kind of you to say so. 你这样说真是太好了 ‎ It is certain that he will come. 他一定会来 ‎ It's true that he may fall behind the other students.他真的可能落后于其他同学 ‎ It is strange that he should say so. 他居然这么说,真是奇怪 ‎ ‎2. It is / was +n. + (for /of sb ) to do sth/that clause 注意:这一句式中的连系动词be也可换用其它连系动词,如feel等。 ‎ e.g.:It's a good habit to get up early and go to bed early.早睡早起是好习惯 ‎ It must be great fun to fly to the moon in a spaceship.乘宇宙飞船飞往月球一定很有趣 ‎ It feels strange to have a twin sister.有个孪生姐妹感觉很奇怪 ‎ It’s no secret that the president wants to have a second term at office.‎ ‎(It’s) no wonder that he is angry.‎ ‎3.It +will be/is/was+adj+v-ing。 ‎ e.g.:It's bad playing in the street.在街上玩是没好处的。 ‎ Is it any good trying again?再试一次有用吗? ‎ ‎4. It is +n. + v-ing.‎ It’s no use/good doing sth.‎ It’s (well) worth doing sth.‎ e.g.:It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收 ‎ ‎5.It is/was v-ed that clause=sb is/was v-ed to do sth ‎(用于这种句型的动词常为say, report, think, believe, hope, expect, agree, accept, decide, determine, intend, plan, understand, know) ‎ e.g.:It is said that the couple have gotten divorced.(=The couple are said to have gotten divorced.) ‎ ‎6.It +v. (to sb) that clause= sb +v. to do sth ‎(用于这种句型的动词常为appear, seem, come about, emerge, follow, chance, happen, occur, transpire, turn out , work out) ‎ e.g.:It (so) happened/chanced that they were out.(= They happened/chanced to be out.) 碰巧他们出去了。‎ e.g.:It seems that he is ill.=He seems to be ill.看起来他好像病了 ‎ It作主语的常见句型:‎ ‎1.It +is /was +one's turn(duty,pleasure) +to do sth.“该轮到某人做某事(做某事是某人的责任、愉悦的事)” ‎ e.g.:It's your turn to be on duty tomorrow.明天轮到你值日了。 ‎ ‎2.It takes(sb.)some time to do sth=sb takes some time to do sth “(某人)花……时间做某事”。‎ e.g.:It took me a week to finish reading the book.我花了一周时间看完这本书。 ‎ It took the men a week to mend our roof.(= The men took a week to mend our roof.) ‎ ‎3.It +cost/costs +sb.+some money +to do sth. “某人花多少钱做某事”。 ‎ e.g.:It cost me 260 yuan to buy the new watch.我买这块新手表花了260元。 ‎ ‎4.It / this /that is the best/worst/most… that sb have done“这是那是某人经历过的…中最…的了。”‎ It /this/that was the best/worst/most… that sb had done ‎ e.g.:It was the best novel he had read before.‎ ‎(五).用作形式宾语。 ‎ 当句子的真正宾语是动词不定式、动名词或从句时,为避免句子头重脚轻,须将其放在宾语补足语之后,改用先行词it占据其原来的位置 ‎ it用作形式宾语的句型为:‎ ‎1..S+V+it+adj/n+(for/of sb) to do/v-ing/that clause。‎ 该句型中宾语补足语可由形容词、名词等充当。 (动词常为think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep…) ‎ e.g.:I think it hard for you to do the task on your own./I think it hard that you'll do the task on your own. ‎ He found it not easy to learn a foreign language well.他发现学好一门外语是不容易的 ‎ We think it no good reading in bed.我们认为躺在床上看书无益处 ‎ ‎2..S+ v+it+ important/unimportant/necessary/unnecessary/natural/essential that sb (should) do sth S+v+it+of much/great/no/little importance that…(should)… ‎ ‎(动词常为think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep…) ‎ e.g.:I think it important that you (should) attend the conference. ‎ ‎3. S+ v. +it + prep. + that… ‎ owe it to sb. that…把…归功于… ‎ leave it to sb that…把…留给某人去做 ‎ take it for granted that …想当然 ‎ keep it in mind that… ‎ e.g.:Don't bother to arrange anything. Just leave it to me to sort out. ‎ Don't take it for granted that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful.‎ 注意:it用在不能直接跟宾语从句的动词后面,尤其是表示好恶的动词后,enjoy, like, love, dislike, resent, hate, don't mind, be fond of, feel like, see to 宾语从句紧跟it之后 ‎ e.g.:I hate it you can swim so well and I can't. ‎ I’d appreciate it if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.‎ ‎(六).构成强调句。 ‎ It is/was+被强调部分+ that(who)… 强调句型用来强调谓语动词以外的任何句子成分。当被强调部分是人时也可以用who。 ‎ 在使用强调句型时需注意以下几点: ‎ ‎1. 请注意强调句型的特殊疑问句 ‎ When was it that he changed his mind to take part in the activity? ‎ ‎2. 在强调原因状语从句时,只能强调由because所引导的从句 ‎ It was because he was ill that he didn't come to school yesterday. ‎ ‎3. 在强调not … until结构时必须把not与until一起放到被强调的位置上 ‎ It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was my brother. ‎ ‎4. 注意强调句型与定语从句的区别 ‎ 这类题目往往比较难做,应对的方法是:‎ ‎1)先试着将it ,be, that/who去掉,若删除后的句子结构和句子意思仍然正确,则为强调句 ‎ ‎2)强调句中的that/who仅仅是标志词,不作句子成分,但在定语从句中that可作主宾表语,who可作主语,所以解题时应从分析句子成分入手,若that或who不作句子成分,且删掉后原句仍然成立,则为强调句型的引导词,若在从句中作某一成分,则为定语从句 ‎ It was at 7 o'clock that he came here yesterday.( 强调句型) ‎ It was 7 o'clock when he came here yesterday.(定语从句) ‎ ‎(七). 构成特殊句式。‎ e.g.: It seems as if we should finish it tomorrow. ‎ ‎(八)、it, one和that作替代词的用法及区别 ‎ it, one和that虽然都可以用来替代前面所提到的一个单数名词,以避免重复,但在具体用法上却有不同。简述如下:‎ ‎1. it代替前面提到的同一事物,该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词 ‎ ‎2. one代替前面提到的同类事物中的一个。该事物只能是可数名词,前面可以有冠词,也可以被this、that或形容词修饰,其后也可以有定语 ‎ ‎3. that代替前面提到的同类事物中特指的一个。该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词,要有后置定语,但不可以有前置修饰语。‎ ‎【技能方法】‎ 代词知识是高考中的必考内容,也是教学的重点和难点。‎ 解答此类试题,可以从以下几个方面着手考虑:‎ 对于代词的学习要抓住代词的特点和用法,可以从以下几方面入手来把握代词的解题规律:‎ ‎1.明确指代。在解答代词题目时,我们应首先分析前后文,明确代词所指代的对象,从而避免误判。具体说来应从以下几方面考虑:‎ ‎(1)代词指代的是人还是物;‎ ‎(2)代词指代的是可数名词还是不可数名词;‎ ‎(3)代词指代的是特指还是泛指概念;‎ ‎(4)代词指代的概念是表示两者之间还是三者或三者以上。‎ ‎(5)代词所表示的是肯定还是否定概念。‎ ‎2.理清逻辑。需要通过分析上下文所蕴涵的逻辑关系才能做出正确判断。具体说来应从以下方面去考虑:‎ ‎(1)代词所表示的范围;‎ ‎(2)代词表示的是全部否定还是部分否定。‎ ‎3 吃透语境。有些高考试题考查的是代词在具体语境中的灵活运用,这样的题目须分析具体的语境才能选出正确答案,忌死抠语法。‎ 对于数词的复习只要掌握牢记基本规则用法即可,对它的考查非常固定就是正常的倍数、百分数、分数的表示法;当然在复习备考中要熟记规律,牢记词条,多做有针对性题目,就能很好地突破 ‎【基础达标】‎ ‎1.Most people think ________ necessary to learn a foreign language nowadays.‎ ‎【答案】it ‎2.—Which driver was to blame?‎ ‎—Why, ________! It was the child’s fault. He suddenly came out between two parked cars.‎ ‎【答案】neither ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:考查不定代词。问句问的是“是哪一个司机的错”,答语中后面一句说“很明显是那个孩子的错”,所以两个司机都没有责任,填neither,表示“两者之中任何一个都没有”。‎ ‎【知识拓展】‎ neither两者都不;both两个都;either两者之一;none三者或三者以上没有。‎ ‎3.Some students take ________ for granted that they can learn English well so long as they do many exercises.‎ ‎【答案】it ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:考查代词。take sth. for granted认为……理所当然。在此处it是形式宾语,that引导的宾语从句放在后面。‎ ‎4.They are learning to act graciously when success comes ________ way.‎ ‎【答案】their ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:考查代词。句意:他们正在学习当成功来临的时候要表现的彬彬有礼。come one’s way表示“某人突然经历某事,尤指不期而遇”,和前面的They保持一致,故填their。‎ ‎5.—My mother’s birthday is coming soon. What should I get ________?‎ ‎— What about some flowers?‎ ‎【答案】her ‎【能力提升】‎ ‎1.(2016·浙江高考)In many ways,the education system in the US is not very different from ________ in the UK.‎ ‎【答案】that ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:句意:在很多方面,美国的教育体系和英国的教育体系不是很不相同。指代上文的名词education system,用that,而且后面有介词短语作后置定语。‎ ‎2.(2016·浙江高考)My mother and father were united in their way of raising children,but it mostly fell to my mother to actually carry ________ out.‎ ‎【答案】it ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:句意:我的父母在抚养孩子的方式上是一致的,但在切实执行时大部分还是落在了我妈妈身上。it代指上文提到的their way of raising children。‎ ‎3.(2016·天津高考)I hate ________ when she calls me at work—I’m always too busy to carry on a conversation with her.‎ ‎【答案】it ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:句意:我讨厌她在上班的时候给我打电话。我总是太忙了不能和她进行谈话。it 作形式宾语,代指when引导的从句。‎ ‎4.(2016·安徽师大附中模拟)—Lend me some more money,will you?‎ ‎—Sorry,I’ve got ________ at hand myself. You know the iPhone 6 cost me all I had just now.‎ ‎【答案】none ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:考查代词。答语的第二句提到iPhone 6花光了答话人所有的钱,由此可知答话人现在手头上没有钱,故用none,相当于no money。‎ ‎5.(2016·河南十校联考)—Have you finished your report?‎ ‎—No,I’ll finish it in ________ ten minutes.‎ ‎【答案】another ‎6.(2016·四川省成都二模)—Which tie would you prefer,the black tie or the red one,Sir?‎ ‎—I’ll take ________ to have a change sometimes.‎ ‎【答案】both ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:根据对话中的“the black tie or the red one”和“have a change”可判断出“两者都要”,故答案为both。‎ ‎【终极闯关】‎ ‎1.【2016·全国Ⅲ】阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ In much of Asia,especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China,Japan,Korea,__1__Vietnam,food is usually eaten with chopsticks.‎ Chopsticks are usually two long,thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic,animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might__2__(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal __3__(create)special designs.‎ The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, __4__(use)twigs(树枝)to remove it. over time,__5__the population grew,people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.‎ Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which__6__(gradual)turned into chopsticks.‎ Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,__7__lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C.,influenced the__8__(develop)of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and __9__(be)too violent for use at the table.‎ Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India,for example,most people traditionally eat __10__their hands.‎ ‎【答案】1.and 2.be made 3.to create 4.using 5.as/when 6.gradually 7.who 8.development 9.were 10.with ‎4.using 考查分词。现在分词作状语。‎ ‎5.as/when 考查连词。as/when“当……时,随着……”。‎ ‎6.gradually 考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词。‎ ‎7.who 考查定语从句。后面是非限制性定语从句,先行词指人,故用who。‎ ‎8.development 考查名词。此处应用名词作动词的宾语。‎ ‎9.were 考查时态和动词的数。此处were是与would remind 并列的谓语动词。‎ ‎10.with 考查介词。固定短语:with one’s hands 用某人的手。‎ 考点:考查语法填空 ‎2. 【广东省揭阳市2017届高三上学期期末调研】‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Dear Sir,‎ Thank you for invite me to the summer English course in your school. As for your choice between the two courses, I prefer a four-week course because it will give me more time to do some traveling and make a few new friends. Of all the subject I’m learning at school, I like English best. I had learned English for 6 years but my spoken English remains poorly. So I hope to take this chance improve it. If possible, I’d like to stay with a family in a few days in order that I can learn about any customs in England, which I’m particularly interested in. I believe I will have a wonderful time in this summer. ‎ ‎ Yours truly,‎ ‎                                                             Li Hua ‎【答案】‎ ‎51 invite改为inviting ‎52your改为my ‎53 a 改为the ‎54subject改为subjects ‎55had改为have ‎56poor改为poorly ‎57 chance后加to ‎58in改为for ‎59any改为some ‎60in去掉 ‎53 a 改为the考查冠词。此处为特指,应该用the。‎ ‎54subject改为subjects考查名词。subject是可数名词,而all后面应该跟复数名词,故把subject改为subjects。‎ ‎55had改为have考查时态。从语境可知此处指到目前为止学了十一年英语,应该用现在完成时,表示从过去延续到现在的状态,故把had改为have。‎ ‎56poor改为poorly考查形容词。remain是系动词,意为“仍然”,后面应该跟形容词作表语,故把poorly改为poor。‎ 考点:语篇理解以及语法知识。‎
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