英语人教版必修3一轮复习：Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars单元学案设计

英语人教版必修3一轮复习：Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars单元学案设计

‎2018届人教版必修3一轮复习：Unit 4Astronomy: the science of the stars单元学案 ‎　单元话题写作　第二层级——背句子、学衔接，让作文字顺意畅 ‎1．Too many trees have been cut down.‎ 许多树已被砍倒。‎ ‎2．It has caused birds and animals to lose their natural habitats.‎ 这让鸟类和动物失去了它们的自然栖息地。‎ ‎3．Rubbish and waste water are being poured into the river.‎ 大量的垃圾和废水正涌入河流。‎ ‎4．Water sources have become badly polluted.‎ 水资源已被严重污染。‎ ‎5．We must take action to protect the earth now.‎ 我们现在必须采取行动来保护地球。‎ ‎6．We’ll have nowhere to live in the future.‎ 将来我们会无处生存。‎ ‎1.连接1、2句，使其成为含which引导的非限制性定语从句的复合句 Too_many_trees_have_been_cut_down,_which_has_caused_birds_and_animals_to_lose_their_natural_habitats.‎ ‎2．用介词短语as a consequence连接3、4句 Rubbish_and_waste_water_are_being_poured_into_the_river;_as_a_consequence,_water_sources_have_become_badly_polluted.‎ ‎3．用unless连接5、6句 We’ll_have_nowhere_to_live_in_the_future_unless_we_take_action_to_protect_the_earth_now.‎ 选用“therefore, meanwhile, as far as I’m concerned, for example”过渡词句衔接成文。‎ Our environment is getting worse and worse.For_example,_we have been cutting down too many trees, which has caused birds and animals to lose their natural habitats.Meanwhile,_rubbish and waste water are being poured into the river; as a consequence, water sources have become badly polluted.Therefore,_water sources have become so badly polluted that some of the water is unfit to drink or to use.As_far_as_I’m_concerned,_it’s high time that we paid much attention to protecting our environment.We’ll have nowhere to live in the future unless we take action to protect the earth now.‎ 课前单元知识热身 ‎(Ⅰ)单词拼写 ‎1．He often says that he doesn’t believe in any religion (宗教) and only believe in himself.‎ ‎2．In old times people had a theory (理论) that the world was flat.‎ ‎3．It’s reported that there was a serious car crash (碰撞事故) this morning.‎ ‎4．A familyfriendly atmosphere (气氛) in this hotel makes travelers comfortable.‎ ‎5．It was then that I made up my mind to leave the cabin (小屋)．‎ ‎6．The movie star was warmly cheered (喝彩) as he got on the stage.‎ ‎7．This portable video game system (系统) allows you to have fun wherever you are.‎ ‎8．There were many fish floating (漂浮) in the river because of the serious pollution.‎ ‎(Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．I could feel the wind gently (gentle) blowing through my hair, it was a warm summer breeze.‎ ‎2．Not all people are aware of the various effects of global (globe) warming on Earth.‎ ‎3．Some believe in the existence (exist) of life on Mars, while others consider it as a myth.‎ ‎4．Everyone was a bit puzzled (puzzle) by her sudden departure.‎ ‎5．The bird laid (lay) its eggs in other birds’ nests last year.‎ ‎6．Unlike (like) most people in the office who come to work by car, I usually come to work by bus.‎ ‎(Ⅲ)语境填词(用所给词的适当形式填空)‎ ‎1．The robbers hit them violently.They couldn’t bear it any more so they decided to answer violence with violence and began their violent fightback.(violent)‎ ‎2．This object gives off harmful gases.They may do harm to our health.You must make the object harmless before you use it.(harmful)‎ ‎(Ⅰ)写出下列短语 ‎1．in_time　　　　　　　　　 及时；终于 ‎2．lay_eggs 下蛋 ‎3．give_birth_to 产生；分娩 ‎4．in_one’s_turn 轮到某人；接着 ‎5．prevent_...from 阻止；制止 ‎6．cheer_up 感到高兴；感到振奋 ‎7．now_that 既然 ‎8．break_out 突发；爆发 ‎9．watch_out 密切注视；当心；提防 ‎10．block_out 挡住(光线)‎ ‎11．get_the_hang_of 熟悉；掌握；理解 ‎(Ⅱ)选用上述短语填空 ‎1．Once he has made up his mind, no one can prevent him from carrying out the plan.‎ ‎2．Cheer_up！It can’t be as bad as all that.‎ ‎3．Before the war broke_out,_many people put away possessions they could not take with them in safe places.‎ ‎4．Will you be home in_time to see the children before they go to bed?‎ ‎5．You’ve made me suffer in the past, so now you, in_your_turn,_suffer again!‎ ‎6．Hans finally got_the_hang_of his job after three months of training.‎ ‎7．The other day my pet cat gave_birth_to a new little cat.‎ ‎8．She bought a heavy curtain to block_out the light.‎ ‎1．The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.‎ 地球变得如此激烈动荡以至于不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存在下去。‎ ‎[解读]　whether ... or not“是否……”。‎ ‎[仿写]　他们是否能够通过交流达成协议还不清楚。‎ It’s not clear whether they are able to arrive at an agreement through communication or_not.‎ ‎2．This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.‎ 这就产生了一系列的反应，使得生命就有可能开始发展了。‎ ‎[解读]　句中的it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语to develop。‎ ‎[仿写]　这两个女孩长得很像，陌生人很难把她们区分开。‎ The two girls are so alike that strangers find_it_difficult_to_tell one from the other.‎ ‎3．But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.‎ 而当我试着向前迈步时，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。‎ ‎[解读]　“twice as＋形容词原级＋as”是倍数表达法之一。‎ ‎[仿写]　杰西卡付出的是以前三倍的时间和精力，所以我相信她这次能成功。‎ Jessica devoted three_times_as_much_time_and_energy_as she did before, so I believe she will succeed this time.‎ ‎4．“Oh, dear，” I cried, “walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.”‎ ‎“天哪，”我大声说，“重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”‎ ‎[解读]　now that “既然；由于”，引导原因状语从句，有时that可以省略。‎ ‎[仿写]　你既然得到了一个机会，不妨充分利用它。‎ Now_that_you’ve_got_a_chance,_you might as well make full use of it.‎ 单元分板块学案 一、常考词汇细点拨 ‎1．harmful adj.有害的 ‎[经典例句]　Experts point out that fruit juices can be harmful to children’s teeth.(牛津P803)‎ 专家指出果汁可能损害儿童的牙齿。‎ ‎(1)be harmful to sb./sth.　　 对某人/某物有害 对某人有害 ‎(3)There is no harm in doing sth./It does no harm to do sth.做某事是个好主意(或没有坏处)‎ ‎①What is known to us is that drinking too much is harmful to your health.‎ 众所周知，过量喝酒对你的身体有害。‎ ‎②As far as I’m concerned, there_is_no_harm_in making an apology to him first.‎ 就我个人而言，先向他道歉没有什么坏处。‎ ‎2．exist vi.存在；生存 ‎[高考佳句]　I’m lucky because I know my first home still exists. (2013·四川高考阅读D)‎ 我非常幸运，因为我最早的家仍然存在。‎ ‎(1)exist in　　　　　　　　　 存在于……之中 exist on 靠……为生 There exists/existed ... 某地有……；存在……‎ ‎(2)existence n. 存在；生存 come into existence 产生；成立；开始存在 ‎①We do know, however, that they existed over 5,500 years ago in ancient Asia.(2013·重庆高考阅读C)‎ 然而，我们确实知道他们5 500多年前在古代亚洲是存在的。‎ ‎②There exists a good way to solve the existing problem in geography.‎ 有一个解决现存地理问题的好办法。‎ ‎③Scientists have many theories about how the universe first came_into_existence.‎ 关于一开始宇宙是如何产生的，科学家们有多种论说。‎ ‎3．puzzle vt.使迷惑；使为难；使窘困；感到迷惑n.(游戏的)猜谜；难题；谜 ‎[高考佳句]　But his curiosity was difficult to control and this new computer really puzzled him.(2012·江西高考阅读A)‎ 但是他的好奇心难以控制，这台新电脑也确实使他费解。‎ ‎(1)puzzle over/about sth. 苦苦思索/仔细琢磨……‎ puzzle sth.out 琢磨出……的答案 a puzzle to sb. 某人不懂 be in a puzzle 不知如何是好 ‎(2)puzzled adj. 迷惑不解的(常用来修饰人)‎ puzzling adj. 令人迷惑不解的(常用来修饰事物)‎ ‎①I’ve been trying to puzzle out why she’s so upset.‎ 我一直想试图搞清楚她为什么如此烦恼。‎ ‎②I’m in_a_puzzle as to what to do next.‎ 对于下一步该做什么我不知道。‎ ‎③Her puzzled look on her face suggested she didn’t understand what I said.‎ 她脸上迷惑的表情表明她不明白我说的话。‎ ‎4．pull n．& vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力 ‎[高考佳句]　I pulled out my phone to read a text message from my mom.(2012·湖南高考阅读A改编)‎ 我拿出手机读妈妈发的短信。‎ pull away　　　　　　　 (汽车等)开走 pull down 拆毁；摧毁 pull in (车辆)进站停靠；靠边停靠 pull out 驶出；拉出；拔出 pull through 康复；痊愈 ‎①They are pulling down those houses to make room for a new hotel.‎ 为了给新旅馆腾地，他们正在拆除那些房屋。‎ ‎②We waved as the train pulled out of the station.‎ 火车驶出车站时我们挥手告别。‎ ‎③The train pulled_in and all the passengers got off.‎ 火车进站了，所有的乘客都下了车。‎ 二、间考词汇自识记 ‎1．unlike prep.与……不同；不像 adj.不同的；不相似的 It’s like/unlike sb.to do sth.　做某事实在像/不像某人 It’s unlike him to be late; he’s usually on time.‎ 他不是会迟到的那种人；他通常很准时。‎ ‎2．atmosphere n．大气层；气氛 Completely lost in the exciting atmosphere of the football match, Tom didn’t feel his pocket picked.‎ 由于完全沉醉在足球赛的令人兴奋的氛围中，汤姆全然不知有人掏他的口袋。‎ ‎—————————————————————————————————————‎ ‎……………………………………………………(记的更多、更快、更长久！)‎ 与“太空”有关的单词除了本单元的astronomer; globe; gravity; satellite外，常见的高频单词还有：‎ ‎1．astronaut n. 宇航员　2.orbit n．　 轨道 ‎ ‎3．planet n. 行星　　4.shuttle n. 航天飞机 ‎5．universe n. 宇宙　　6.explore v. 探索；勘探 ‎7．launch vt. 发射　　8.solar adj. 太阳的；日光的 ‎—————————————————————————————————————— ‎ ‎[单词对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.多项选择 ‎1．(2014·武汉八校联考)What has been advocated by the modern society is that we should create a harmonious ________ so that we can pick up.‎ A．climate B．atmosphere C．temperature D．condition 解析：选B　句意：现代社会所提倡的是我们应该创建一个和谐的氛围，以便于我们能加速前进。atmosphere“气氛；氛围”。climate“气候”；temperature“温度”；condition“条件”。‎ ‎2．(2014·荆州高三质检)Although not sure about the _________ of the water on the Mars, scientists don’t give up the exploration into it.‎ A．occupation B．existence C．demand D．treasure 解析：选B　句意：尽管不能确定火星上是否有水存在，但科学家们没有放弃对它的研究。existence“存在”。occupation“工作；职业”；demand“要求”；treasure“宝藏”。‎ Ⅱ.多维演练(练得更细、更全、更彻底！)‎ ‎1．harmful面面观 ‎(1)完成句子 ‎①There_is_no_harm_in_taking/It_does_no_harm_to_take her to the party, for she is always behaving herself.(harm)‎ 带她去参加晚会没有什么害处，因为她总是表现得体。‎ ‎②Playing computer games will not only do harm to your physical health, but it is also harmful to your mental health.So there is no harm (in)_advising_you_to_give it up.(advise)‎ 玩电脑游戏不仅对你的身体健康有害，而且对你的身心健康也有害，因此建议你放弃玩电脑游戏是没有害处的。‎ ‎③She has get into the bad habit of reading in the bed, which__does_harm_to_her_eyes.(do)‎ 她养成了在床上阅读的坏习惯，这对她的眼睛有害。‎ ‎(2)Although he knows that smoking is ________ to his health, he just can’t resist it, especially when he meets some problems needing thinking.‎ A．harmful B．additional C．beneficial D．useful 解析：选A　句意：虽然他知道吸烟对他健康不好，可他就是抵制不了，尤其是当他碰到一些需要思考的问题时。 harmful“有害的”；additional“另外的”；beneficial“有益的”；useful“有用的”。‎ ‎2．puzzle多棱镜 ‎(1)完成句子 ‎①I knew which piece of work was most urgent, while his explanation only made me more_puzzled_about/over it than ever.(puzzle)‎ 我知道哪件工作最紧迫，然而他这一说反而让我对此感到更迷惑了。‎ ‎②What_puzzled_me_most was the puzzling question he put forward.(puzzle)‎ 最让我疑惑不解的是他提出的那个令人疑惑的问题。‎ ‎(2)(2014·咸宁调研)The ________ look on the students showed that the teacher’s meaning couldn’t have been come across to them.‎ A．delighted B．relieved C．joyful D．puzzled 解析：选D　句意：学生脸上迷惑的表情表明他们没有领会老师的意思。puzzled“迷惑的”。delighted“开心的”；relieved“放松的”；joyful“高兴的”。 ‎ ‎1．in time及时；终于；总有一天 ‎[经典例句]　I should be back in time to watch the show.(朗文P2162)‎ 我应该能及时赶回来观看那场表演。‎ ‎(1)in no time　　 　　　　 立刻；马上 at no time 决不 at a time 每次；一次 at one time 曾经；一度 at the same time 同时 from time to time 有时；偶尔 ‎(2)take one’s time 别着急；慢慢来 kill time 消磨时间 ‎①If you keep on, you will succeed in time.‎ 如果坚持下去，你最终会成功的。‎ ‎②Luckily, I quickly adapted and everything was back in no time. ‎ 所幸我很快就适应了，很快一切都走上了正轨。‎ ‎③At_one_time,_half the land on the earth’s surface was covered by forest.‎ 曾经，地球表面有一半的土地被森林所覆盖。‎ ‎④At no time will China be the first to use nuclear weapons. ‎ 中国在任何时候决不首先使用核武器。‎ ‎[链接高考]‎ ‎(2012·江苏高考)—Thank God you’re safe!‎ ‎—I stepped back, just ________ to avoid the racing car.‎ A．in time B．in case C．in need D．in vain 解析：选A　考查介词短语辨析。句意：“谢天谢地，你安全了！”“我向后退了一步，正好及时避过了赛车。”in time“及时”，符合句意。in case“万一；假使”；in need“需要”；in vain“徒劳；无济于事”。‎ ‎2．in one’s turn轮到某人；接着 ‎[教材原句]　Thus they have, in their turn, become the most important animals on the planet.‎ 于是，他们接着成为了这个行星上最重要的动物。‎ in turn　　　　　　　　　　　 依次；轮流；反之；反过来 by turns 轮流；交替地 take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事 It is one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事 It turns/turned out that ... 结果……‎ ‎①When it is in my turn, I am too excited to speak.‎ 当轮到我时，我激动得都说不出话来了。‎ ‎②You can’t all do it together; you’ll have to take turns.‎ 你们不能全体一齐上，你们得轮流做。‎ ‎③People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars, and this in_turn creates more problems.‎ 人们使用自己的小汽车避免公共交通延误，反过来，这将造成更多的问题。‎ ‎3．cheer up(使)高兴；(使)振奋；感到高兴；感到振奋 ‎[教材原句]　I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger.‎ 我立刻高兴起来，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着(身后的)地球越来越小，而(前方的)月亮越来越大。‎ ‎(1)cheer v．　　　　 欢呼；喝彩 cheer sb. on (比赛中)以喝彩声鼓励；为某人加油 ‎(2)cheerful adj. 快乐的；高兴的 ‎(3)Cheers! (用于祝酒)干杯！‎ ‎①I do hope she can cheer up and accept the challenge of life bravely!‎ 我真心希望她能振作起来，勇敢地接受生活的挑战！‎ ‎②They gathered round the swimming pool cheering_her_on.‎ 他们聚集在游泳池边为她加油。‎ ‎[链接高考]‎ ‎(2011·浙江高考改编)If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city to_be_cheered by their enthusiastic supporters.(cheer)‎ 如果他们在今晚的决赛中获胜的话，他们队将环游城市，接受他们热情的支持者的欢呼。‎ ‎[短语对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 ‎1．The firefighters arrived in_time and put the fire out.‎ ‎2．Watch_out for cars while crossing the road.‎ ‎3．Whenever she is upset, she always has a good idea to cheer_up.‎ ‎4．The government has taken measures to prevent the cultural relics from being damaged.‎ ‎5．Should another world war break_out,_what would become of human beings?‎ Ⅱ.多项选择 ‎1．(2014·武汉市部分中学联考)Stressful environments lead to unhealthy behavior such as poor eating habits, which ________ increase the risk of heart disease.‎ A．in turn B．in return C．by chance D．by turns 解析：选A　句意：紧张的环境会导致诸如不良的饮食习惯等不健康行为，而后者又会增加患心脏病的危险。in turn“转而；依次；而又”；in return“作为报答”；by chance“偶然”；by turns“轮流地；依次”。‎ ‎2．(2014·咸宁部分学校联考)He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the airconditioning system __________.‎ A．broke in B．broke up C．broke out D．broke down 解析：选D　句意：他不得不时不时停下来擦拭额头上的汗水，因为空调系统坏掉了。break down“失败；损坏；衰弱下来”。break in“打断；闯入；开始”；break up“结束；破碎；散开”；break out“突然发生；爆发”。‎ ‎3．(2014·武昌区调研)The government would give away 2 billion dollars ________ to the oil and gas industry to strengthen environmental protection.‎ A．in detail B．in turn C．in charge D．in total 解析：选D　句意：政府将下拨总共20亿美元给石油和天然气工业以加强环境保护。in total“总计；总共”。in detail“详细地”；in turn“轮流地；依次”；in charge“主管；负责”。‎ ‎4．The whole family had almost given up hope, but the little boy finally ________.‎ A．pulled out B．pulled through C．pulled up D．pulled over 解析：选B　句意：全家人几乎都放弃了希望，但这个小男孩最终恢复了健康。pull through“恢复健康”，符合题意。pull out “拔出；抽出；驶出”；pull up “停下；停车”；pull over“将……开到路边”。‎ ‎1．But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice_as_far_as on the earth and fell over.‎ 而当我试着向前迈步时，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。‎ twice as far as ...是一种倍数的表示方法，意为“是……的两倍远”。as far as ...“远到……”。‎ 英语里常见的倍数表达法有：‎ ‎①It is reported that a new planet has been discovered recently.It’s almost three times the size of Earth, and hopefully it can support human life.(2014·合肥第二次质量检测)‎ 据报道，最近发现了一颗行星，它几乎是地球的三倍，希望它能养活生命。‎ ‎②Holland has two thirds the citizens of the state of New York, which is four times the size of Holland.(2014·河北衡水中学一调)‎ 荷兰的居民是纽约州的三分之二，而纽约州的面积却是荷兰的四倍。‎ ‎③The world’s population has grown to more than six times what it was in 1800.‎ 目前世界人口与1800年相比已经增长到当时的六倍多。‎ ‎2．“Oh dear，” I cried, “walking does need a bit of practice now_that_gravity has changed.”‎ ‎“天哪，”我大声说，“重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”‎ now that“既然；由于”，引导原因状语从句。在语义上相当于since，that在口语中可省略。‎ ‎①Now (that) you have finished your work, you’d better have a rest.‎ 既然你的工作已经完成了，你最好休息一下吧。‎ ‎②Now_that_you’ve_grown_up,_you can make up your mind by yourself.‎ 既然你已经长大了，你可以自己做决定了。‎ ‎③Now that most children nowadays are the only one of the family, they tend to be more selfcentered.‎ 由于现在大部分孩子是独生子女，他们有以自我为中心的倾向。‎ ‎[句型对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ 完成句子 ‎1．(2014·黄冈中学月考)The living room of the house is double_the_length_of the bedroom, which suits the family pretty well.(double)‎ 这个房子的起居室是卧室长度的两倍，这很合家庭成员的意。‎ ‎2．If you hadn't taken the road guided by the GPS, you wouldn't_get_stuck_in the mud now.(stick)‎ 如果你不走那条由GPS指引的路，你现在就不会陷在泥里了。‎ ‎3．Now_that_everyone_agrees_to_the_plan,_let's leave for Shanghai next weekend.(now)‎ 既然大家都同意这个计划，那我们下周末就去上海吧。‎ ‎4．Mastering the technology makes_it_possible_for_us_to_use the Internet more effectively.‎ ‎(it)‎ 掌握科技可能会让我们更加有效地利用网络。‎ ‎5．It is obvious that whether_you_can_succeed_or_not depends on how hard you work at it.(succeed)‎ 很明显，你能否成功取决于你努力的程度。‎ 主语从句 完成句子 ‎1．(2014·荆州质检)What_amazed_me_most was that the young boy who had lost both arms in an accident could handle a pen with his foot.(amaze)‎ 最令我惊讶的是，这个在车祸中失去双臂的小男孩能够用脚使用钢笔。‎ ‎2．(2014·襄阳调研)That_he_was_caught_cheating/His_being_caught_cheating in the exam made his headteacher very angry.(catch)‎ 他被抓住考试作弊令班主任很生气。‎ ‎3．What_is_well_known_to everyone, I should say, is that a man becomes learned by asking questions.(know)‎ 我应该说，众所周知：要长学问，就得多问。‎ ‎4．It is shown that_men_have_twice_as_many_serious_accidents as women do on average while driving according to recent statistics.(have)‎ 最近的数据表明，男士在开车时发生的严重事故平均是女士的两倍。‎ ‎5．So far, how_they_will_solve_the_serious_problem has not been decided.(solve)‎ 目前为止，他们将怎样解决这个严重的问题还没有决定。‎ Ⅰ.多项选择 ‎1．(2014·武汉调研)In the chairman’s speech, he expressed his doubt about whether Japan would ________ the difficulties caused by the earthquake in a short period.‎ A．look through　　　　　 B．pull through C．go through D．sit through 解析：选B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：在主持人的发言中，他表达了对日本能否在短期内度过地震引起的困难的怀疑。pull through“做成(十分困难的事)”。look through“浏览”；go through“经历”；sit through“坐到……结束”。‎ ‎2．(2014·湖北八校联考)The guests were scared to death when the fire in the hotel ________.Fortunately, it was put out before it caused more damage.‎ A．broke out B．came out C．gave out D．turned out 解析：选A　考查动词短语辨析。 句意：当旅馆发生火灾时，房客们吓得要死。幸运的是，在火灾造成更大伤害之前大火就被扑灭了。 break out“突然发生；爆发”；come out“出来；出现”；give out“耗尽；分发”；turn out“结果是；制造”。‎ ‎3．(2014·荆州调研)We agreed that both sides must work to strengthen greater trust and confidence, which, ________， will bring more cooperation.‎ A．in time B．in turn C．in return D．in total 解析：选B　考查介词短语辨析。句意：我们达成协议，双方必须努力增强更大的信任和信心，这反过来必将带来更多的合作。in time“及时；终于”；in turn“转而”；in return“作为回报”；in total“总计”。只有B项符合句意。‎ ‎4．America and China need to trust one another and ________ misunderstanding, which benefits world peace.‎ A．prevent B．permit C．puzzle D．multiply 解析：选A　考查动词辨析。句意：美国和中国应该信任彼此防止误解，这有益于世界和平。prevent“防止”；permit“允许；准许”；puzzle“使迷惑；使为难”，multiply“增加”。根据句意选A。‎ ‎5．(2014·黄石高三质检)The monthly sales of Mo Yan’s works ________ 199 times compared with those before he won the Nobel Prize for Literature.‎ A．accelerated B．stretched C．multiplied D．switched 解析：选C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：与获诺贝尔文学奖之前相比，莫言的作品每月的销售量增加了199倍。A项意为“加速；促进”；B项意为“伸开；伸展；张开”；C项意为“乘；增加”；D项意为“转换；切换”‎ ‎。根据空格后的“199 times”并结合选项的词义可知，multiplied符合语境。故答案选C。‎ ‎6．(2014·十堰调研)The worker earned little money a month, so he had to ________ only fast noodles.‎ A．exist on B．exist in C．lie in D．lie on 解析：选A　考查动词短语意义。句意：这个工人一个月挣的钱很少，因此不得不靠方便面度日。exist on“靠……生存”；exist in“存在于……中”；lie in“在于……；位于……”；lie on“与……接壤”。‎ ‎7．Maria was able to ________ the family by teaching them to sing lively songs.‎ A．take up B．bring up C．cheer up D．build up 解析：选C　句意：玛丽亚有能力通过教他们唱轻快的歌曲使整个家庭振作起来。cheer up “使振奋；打起精神”。take up“占据；从事”；bring up“教育；养育；提出”；build up“树立；增进”。‎ ‎8．I admire Stephen Hawking greatly, whose ________about black holes has a great effect on astronomy.‎ A．theory B．practice C．approach D．method 解析：选A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我非常钦佩史蒂芬·霍金，他的黑洞理论对天文学产生了很大影响。theory“理论”；practice“练习”；approach“方法”；method“方法”。‎ ‎9．To ________ skating, one needs to keep practising and receive professional guidance.‎ A．catch hold of B．have an eye for C．get the hang of D．stick to 解析：选C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：一个人想要掌握滑冰的要领，需要不断练习并接受专业的指导。get the hang of“掌握……的要领”，符合句意。catch hold of “抓住”； have an eye for “对……有鉴赏力”；stick to “坚持”。‎ ‎10．(2014·襄阳调研)________ for the night and fly as fast as you can.Otherwise flying will only be a dream once again.‎ A．Find out B．Look out C．Point out D．Watch out 解析：选D　句意：当心那晚上，尽你所能快地飞行，否则飞行只会是又一场梦。watch out for ...“小心……；提防……”，符合题意。find out“找出；查明”；look out“小心；注意”，后面不能直接跟宾语；point out“指出”。‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．(2014·武汉调研)Whoever_is_confident is always energetic and is more likely to succeed.(whoever)‎ 凡是自信的人总是精力充沛，并且更有可能获得成功。‎ ‎2．(2014·黄冈中学模拟)The days are becoming shorter and shorter now_that_autumn_is_‎ here.(now)‎ 秋天来到了，白天渐渐短了。‎ ‎3．(2014·武昌区期末调研)Yesterday, in his speech, he made_it_clear that all he had done was not for the benefit of himself but for all the staff in his company.(make)‎ 他在昨天的讲话中表明，他所做的一切不是为了他自己，而是为了公司的全体员工。‎ ‎4．(2014·湖北省部分重点中学联考)It_never_occurred_to_him that he would be reduced to such a sorry state.(occur)‎ 他从未想到过自己会沦落到如此境地。‎ ‎5．(2014·荆州调研)Mr.Hilton is very pleased with the newly built house, which is almost twice_the_size_of the one he used to live in.(size)‎ 希尔顿先生对这所新建的房子很满意，它几乎比他以前所住的那间大两倍。‎ ‎6．That_we_should_keep_calm does matter in case of emergency.(keep)‎ 在紧急情况下我们应该保持镇定，这很重要。‎ ‎7．It's reported that the output of this year is three_times_what_it_was in 2013.(what)‎ 据报道，今年的产量是2013年的三倍。‎ ‎8．Before you decide to do it in this way, you must think twice because this method is_unlikely_to_be helpful to you.(unlikely)‎ 在你决定采用这种方法做之前你必须要三思，因为这种方法不见得对你有帮助。‎ ‎9．Nowadays more and more children are being overweight, so keeping_a_healthy_diet is of great importance.(keep)‎ 如今，越来越多的儿童过于肥胖，所以保持健康的饮食尤为重要。‎ ‎10．The mother makes it a rule for the little boy that when he is crossing the road, he should_watch_out_for the cars.(watch)‎ 妈妈给小男孩订了一条规矩，当他过马路的时候他要小心车辆。‎ Ⅲ.完形填空 ‎(2014·武汉高三模拟考试)What is it that you love to do but never feel that you get it quite right? Perhaps you don’t even try any more because you think what you do is not __1__ enough.‎ Discouragement seems to follow us a good part of the time, __2__ however hard we work, it seems that there is __3__ someone else who can do it much better.‎ I have always enjoyed music and it is __4__ to me that every musician has a __5__ of their own.My father __6__ several instruments and when he played with others, it was not difficult to __7__ his sound in a group.Whether it was a guitar or another instrument, he had his own __8__ sound.‎ I __9__ heard of a music teacher who commented to a discouraged student，“ __10__ else can make the sound that you make.” The sound that you make may not be the same as anyone else’s, but who is to say which is __11__.It is said that __12__ is in the eye of the beholder (观看者)．Perhaps it could be said that a delightful sound is in the ear of the __13__.‎ Every person has a different tone of voice that __14__ only to them, __15__ we all know people with an unforgettable laugh or a way of __16__ that is unique to them.It might not be the sound of your music or your voice at all.It __17__ be the way you whistle or the sound of your footsteps.‎ Each person has a(n) __18__ on the world in some way.Someone else can do what you do, but they cannot do it __19__ in the same way that you do it.The next time you feel __20__， remember nobody else can make the sound that you make.‎ 语篇解读：本文为议论文，无论你怎么努力，生活中总有人做得比你好，但你也不要因此而气馁，因为没有人能发出你所发出的声音，你是独一无二的。‎ ‎1．A.easy B．good ‎ C．simple D．hard 解析：选B　或许你甚至不再尝试因为你认为自己做得不够好(good)。文章首句中的“never feel that you get it quite right”是线索提示。‎ ‎2．A.because B．although ‎ C．when D．if 解析：选A　灰心似乎在很多时候都跟着我们，因为(because)无论我们怎么努力工作，似乎总有人做得更好。‎ ‎3．A.seldom B．always ‎ C．never D．sometimes 解析：选B　参见上题解析。always“总是”。‎ ‎4．A.satisfying B．convincing ‎ C．inspiring D．interesting 解析：选D　在“我”看来，每个音乐家都有自己的声音(sound)，这非常有趣(interesting)。‎ ‎5．A.gift B．sound ‎ C．life D．song 解析：选B　参见上题解析。下文多次出现的“sound”是线索提示。‎ ‎6．A.played B．designed ‎ C．created D．checked 解析：选A　“我”的父亲会弹奏(played)几种乐器。‎ ‎7．A.turn down B．call up ‎ C．pick out D．give off 解析：选C　从一群人中辨别出(pick out)他所弹奏的声音是不难的。‎ ‎8．A.loud B．powerful ‎ C．perfect D．special 解析：选D　无论是吉他还是其他乐器，他都有自己特别的(special)声音。‎ ‎9．A.once B．yet ‎ C．even D．still 解析：选A　“我”曾经(once)听说过一位音乐老师向一个气馁的学生发表意见说，“没有人(Nobody)能发出你所发出的声音。”‎ ‎10．A.Anybody B．Somebody ‎ C．Nobody D．Everybody 解析：选C　参见上题解析。另外，20空后的“nobody else”是线索提示。‎ ‎11．A.bigger B．better ‎ C．deeper D．lower 解析：选B　你发出的声音可能和别人的都不一样，但是谁又能说哪个声音更好(better)呢。‎ ‎12．A.beauty B．interest ‎ C．patience D．honesty 解析：选A　俗话说，情人眼里出西施。beauty“美”，符合语境。‎ ‎13．A.speaker B．receiver ‎ C．listener D．looker 解析：选C　根据12空后的“in the eye of the beholder (观看者)”和13空前的“in the ear of”可知此处应用listener。‎ ‎14．A.devotes B．adds ‎ C．adapts D．belongs 解析：选D　每个人都有只属于(belongs to)自己的音调。‎ ‎15．A.but B．yet ‎ C．and D．for 解析：选C　根据上下文内容可知，15空前后的两个句子是并列关系，故选and。‎ ‎16．A.running B．walking ‎ C．jumping D．speaking 解析：选D　我们都认识那些有着令人难忘的笑声或独特的说话(speaking)方式的人。‎ ‎17．A.must B．might ‎ C．would D．could 解析：选B　17空前的“It might not be the sound of your music or your voice at all.”中出现的“might”与本句对应。‎ ‎18．A.choice B．opinion ‎ C．duty D．effect 解析：选D　每个人都以某种方式影响着这个世界。have an effect on“对……有影响”，是固定搭配。‎ ‎19．A.exactly B．carefully ‎ C．cautiously D．seriously 解析：选A　别人可以做你能做的事，但他们不能用和你完全相同的方法去做。exactly“准确地，确切地”，符合语境。‎ ‎20．A.annoyed B．puzzled C．discouraged D．bothered 解析：选C　下次你感到泄气的(discouraged)时候，要记住没有人能发出你所发出的声音。此处与2空前的“Discouragement”和9空后的“a discouraged student”相呼应。‎ Ⅳ.阅读理解 ‎(2013·黄冈中学二模)There are several reasons for hair loss in women. However, in most cases, treatment is quite effective. Female hair loss patterns in women are not as easily recognizable as they are in men. A woman may experience it temporarily due to pregnancy or illness, although they may experience it for other reasons.‎ Hair loss can be due to a variety of factors, including a genetic tendency (which is not genetically linked to just one parent — both parents contribute to the tendency to lose hair)．‎ Women who are experiencing hair problems seem to have more limited choices than men. There are some female hair loss treatments that are available such as the Tricomin System which is a topical treatment that is nutrition based. Shen Min for Women is another natural treatment that contains herbs (药草) that are said to stimulate (刺激) hair growth and even restore hair that is graying to its natural color.‎ The majority of the popular, proven hair loss treatments are only intended for men and are not suitable for women. True, a woman’s hair issue is different from a man’s. The biological makeup is different and the needs are different. Women have different needs and their bodies react in different ways to environmental changes, physical illness and even the treatments that are available. There are many natural treatments such as vitamin and mineral supplements that are said to stimulate hair growth, but, for the most part, these claims are currently unproven. ‎ One of the first and most important factors to effectively treating is to get a diagnosis from a doctor. Talk to your doctor about any symptoms that you may be experiencing in addition to the thinning hair. Stress, weight loss or gain, illness and depression, all of these can be contributing factors.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。女性经常会为掉头发而苦恼，但由于各种原因，女性脱发和男性脱发是有区别的，其治疗方法也不一样。本文就此进行了介绍。‎ ‎1．It can be learned from the 1st paragraph that ________.‎ A．usually hair loss is hard to heal B．female hair loss is more common than the men’s C．women tend to suffer from hair loss during the pregnant period D．only illness contributes to hair loss 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句中的“A woman may experience it temporarily due to pregnancy or illness”可推知，女性在怀孕期间会掉头发。故答案C符合文意。‎ ‎2．Which of the following statements matches the text about the two treatments?‎ A．Both are to solve the problem of male hair loss.‎ B．Tricomin System is effective in speeding the growth of the new hair.‎ C．Shen Min is an updated way of treating hair loss.‎ D．The former is nutritionbased, while the latter is medicinebased.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二、三句中的“Tricomin System which is a topical treatment that is nutrition based.Shen Min for Women ... that contains herbs (药草)”可知，第一种治疗侧重于营养，第二种治疗侧重用草药。由此可知，答案D符合文意。‎ ‎3．The reasons for the differences between the female and male hair loss problems do not include ________.‎ A．the biological structure and composition of the hair B．the wants and needs C．the reactions and responses to the outside changes D．the approach to taking exercise 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据文章第四段的整体理解可知，男性和女性掉头发因其生理构成、需求和对外界的反应不同而有不同的原因。故答案D符合题意。‎ ‎4．The natural treatments ________.‎ A．include vitamin and mineral supplements B．are applied to keep the hair healthy C．have been proved useful D．are the most commonlyused ways 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后一句“There are many natural treatments such as vitamin and mineral supplements that are said to stimulate hair growth, but, for the most part, these claims are currently unproven.”可知，答案A符合文意。‎