2019届一轮复习人教版必修四Unit4Bodylanguage单元学案设计（26页word版）

2019届一轮复习人教版必修四Unit4Bodylanguage单元学案设计（26页word版）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修四 Unit 4Body language单元学案设计 Period 1　新知预习课 学习目标 ‎1.Get a basic understanding of the words and expressions in this unit.‎ ‎2.Spell the following words:represent,curious,approach,function,ease,rank,greet,association,defend,major,misunderstand.‎ ‎3.Use the following phrases:be likely to;in general;at ease;lose face;in most cases.‎ 识记词汇 ‎1.连一连 represent　　　　　　好奇的 curious 代表 approach 靠近,接近 function 作用,功能 ease 错误的 adult 安逸,舒适 false 成年人 lose face 防御 defend...against 丢脸 at ease 相反 on the contrary 自由自在 ‎2.根据释义写出单词 ‎(1)　　　 action of defending oneself against an enemy’s attack ‎ ‎(2)　　　 might happen or probably will be true ‎ ‎(3)　　　 to be chosen to speak or act in place of someone ‎ ‎(4)　　　 to run or travel somewhere in a great hurry ‎ ‎(5)　　　 to come nearer to something or someone from a great distance ‎ ‎(6)　　　 either side of the face below the eye ‎ ‎(7)　　　 the act of flying,especially scheduled on a plane ‎ 精讲词汇 ‎1.approach ‎(1)vt.接近,靠近 The policeman approached the burning building.‎ 警察靠近着火的大楼。‎ ‎(2)n.接近;方法,途径 an approach to...……的方法 He came up with a new approach to the difficulty.‎ 他提出了解决这个困难的新方法。‎ ‎【词汇辨析】‎ approach,way,method与means approach“方法;接近”。用法为:an approach to(to为介词)。‎ way 的用法是:in the way “用这种方法”。the way to do/the way of doing(to为不定式)“做某事的方法”。‎ method构成with a method“用一种方法”。‎ means 意为“方式,方法”。单复数同形,by means of意为“通过……方法”。‎ Can you tell me the way to work out the math problem?‎ 你能告诉我做那道数学题的方法吗?‎ We should improve our teaching method,with which we can make ourselves understood better.‎ 我们应该改善我们的教学方法,用这些方法,我们可以使学生更好地理解我们。‎ We arrived there by means of plane.‎ 我们坐飞机到达那儿。‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ There is no easy 　　　 to maths. ‎ A.way　　　　　　　B.mean　　　　　　　C.method　　　　　　　D.approach ‎2.curious adj.‎ ‎(1)好奇的;感兴趣的 The foreign tourists were surrounded by the curious children.‎ 国外游客被一群好奇的孩子包围着。‎ ‎(2)奇特的;不同寻常的 He is suffering from a curious disease.‎ 他患了一种奇怪的病。‎ ‎【拓展延伸】‎ curiosity n.好奇 curiously adv.好奇地 be curious about 对……感到好奇 be curious to do 极想做 out of curiosity 出于好奇 The child was curious about everything around him.‎ 这个孩子对身边的每一件东西都感到很好奇。‎ I was curious to know the results of the exam.‎ 我极想知道考试的结果。‎ I asked out of mere curiosity.‎ 我只不过是出于好奇问问罢了。‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ I was 　　　 to find out what he said. ‎ A.strange B.amusing C.curious D.conscious ‎3.ease ‎(1)n.安逸,舒适 She is leading a life of ease.‎ 她过着舒适安逸的生活。‎ ‎(2)v.减轻(痛苦,忧虑)‎ The medicine eased his pain.‎ 这药减轻了他的痛苦。‎ ‎【拓展延伸】‎ put sb at ease 使某人感到舒适、不拘束等 Her smile put us at ease.‎ 她的微笑使我们感到放松。‎ with ease 毫不费劲地,轻而易举地 The question was so easy that I could answer it with ease.‎ 这个问题如此简单,我回答得很轻松。‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ He felt completely 　　　 ease 　　　Mary. ‎ A.at;with B.at;to C.with;with D.to;to ‎4.defend...against/from 保卫……以免受;防御 We should defend the island against the enemy.‎ 我们应该保卫这个岛免遭敌人的侵犯。‎ ‎【词汇辨析】‎ defend,protect与guard defend是指抵御或击退外来威胁或攻击,另外defend还有“辩护”的意思。‎ protect指采取保护措施,使之不受伤害或损伤。‎ guard是指小心谨慎地对可能的危险进行防御,以维护安全,含警告之意。‎ She wore a pair of sunglasses to protect her eyes from the sunlight.‎ 她戴了一副太阳镜以保护她的眼睛不受阳光的照射。‎ The dog guarded the house against strangers.‎ 狗守着房屋,不让陌生人进去。‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ The newspaper defended her 　　　 the accusation(谴责). ‎ A.against B.with C.in D.of ‎ ‎5.be likely to do 很可能……;有希望……‎ She is not likely to leave next week.‎ 她下个星期不可能离开。‎ It’s very likely that he will not agree.‎ 很有可能他不会同意。‎ ‎【词汇辨析】‎ likely,possible与probable likely是常用词,指从表面痕迹来看很有可能。主语既可以是人也可以是物。可以说sb/sth be likely to do,但是不可以说 It is likely for sb to do sth.。‎ possible强调客观上有可能,但含有实际上可能性很小的意思。主语不可以是人,只能是用it作形式主语。构成It is possible for sb to do sth.。‎ probable 语气比possible强,含有“很有可能,十有八九”的意思。构成It is probable for sb to do sth.。‎ I’m likely to be very busy today.‎ 我今天可能很忙。‎ It is possible that he will come late again.‎ 他有可能又迟到。‎ It seems probable that he will arrive before dusk.‎ 他很有可能黄昏前到达。‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ It’s nearly eleven o’clock and Mother 　　　 walk in at any moment. ‎ A.is possible to B.is probable to ‎ C.is likely to D.is able to ‎6.lose(one’s)face 丢脸;受屈辱;丧失声誉 You’ll lose face if you don’t keep your promise.‎ 如果你不遵守诺言,你会丧失声誉的。‎ When Tom failed to beat his opponent,he felt he had lost his face before his friends.‎ 汤姆没能打败对手,他感觉在朋友面前很丢脸。‎ ‎【拓展延伸】‎ lose heart 泄气,灰心 lose one’s heart to 爱上,钟情于 lose weight 减肥 lose one’s way 迷路 lose one’s life 丧生 lose courage 丧失勇气 ‎【尝试运用】‎ In order not to 　　　,he spent the whole night preparing for the speech of next day. ‎ A.lose courage B.lose heart ‎ C.lose face D.lose voice ‎7.as well也,还,而且(放于句末)‎ Give me those books as well.‎ 把那些书也给我吧。‎ ‎【词汇辨析】‎ as well,also与too 它们的意思相同,都意为“也,还”。但是在句中的位置不同。‎ also比较正式,一般放在实义动词之前,be动词、助动词或情态动词之后。‎ ‎ too和as well 比较通俗。as well 放于句末。too用于句中或句末,可用逗号隔开。‎ I’ve met Mary and I’ve also met her father.‎ 我见过玛丽,也见过她父亲。‎ I’ve read the book and seen the film too.‎ 我看过这本书,也看过这部电影。‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ John 　　　 believes that bears hibernate in winter 　　　. ‎ A.also;either B.too;as well ‎ C.also;as well D.as well;too ‎8.It is amazing that 那是令人吃惊的,也就是:It is+adj.+that 句型 It is amazing that you should do it so well.‎ 你竟然把这件事做得这么好,真令人吃惊。‎ ‎【拓展延伸】‎ It is necessary/important/natural/strange/surprising that 做……很……‎ 本句型后要加should do。‎ It is really a surprising thing that the girl should get married so early.‎ 这个女孩会这么早结婚真是一件令人吃惊的事。‎ It was natural that he should think so.‎ 他会那样想是正常的。‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ It is necessary that you 　　　 present at the meeting. ‎ A.will be B.are ‎ C.should be D.being 运用词汇 Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1.The letters USA r　　　 the United States of America. ‎ ‎2.He g　　　 all the guests warmly as they arrived. ‎ ‎3.Much to my surprise,my intention was　　　(误会了). ‎ ‎4.My 　　　(联合)with him goes back to our days in high school.At present,our dreams have come true. ‎ ‎5.When the dog attacked me,I 　　　(保卫)myself with a stick. ‎ ‎6.They have to communicate entirely by g　　　 because of the distance between them. ‎ ‎7.The girl’s 　　　(宿舍)is off limits to all male students. ‎ ‎8.Let’s set up an 　　　(社团)to help people in trouble. ‎ ‎9.He got a very serious 　　　(面部)injury in the fight yesterday. ‎ ‎10.Don’t judge her work too 　　　(主观地). ‎ Ⅱ.选词填空 curious about　defend against　be likely to　in general　at ease ‎1.As far as I know,most of them 　　　　　　 return to work because of the pressure of losing their jobs. ‎ ‎2.　　　　　　,her work has been good,but this essay is dreadful. ‎ ‎3.The boy was so 　　　　　　 what gift his parents bought for him that he opened the little box without their permission. ‎ ‎4.The lawyer 　　　　　　 his client(当事人)　　　　　　 the charge of attempted murder. ‎ ‎5.I was surprised to find that the little girl was quite 　　　　　　 among strangers as if she had known them for a long time. ‎ Ⅲ.单项填空 ‎1.The children 　　　 everything they saw at the exhibition and showed great interest in those things they had never seen before. ‎ A.were curious about　　　　　　　　　　‎ B.were particular about C.were curious for ‎ D.were careful about ‎2.There are many stars in the sky,so it is not 　　　to rain this night. ‎ A.doubtful B.likely C.probably D.possibly ‎3.Butterflies announce the 　　　 to spring. ‎ A.attitude B.approach C.viewpoint D.principle ‎ ‎4.We had a better way to 　　　 our country against the enemy. ‎ A.defend B.reserve C.prevent D.stop ‎5.Doctors tried their best to make the patient feel 　　　. ‎ A.at ease B.with ease C.for ease D.at peace 参考答案 识记词汇 ‎1.represent 代表 curious 好奇的 approach 靠近,接近 function 作用,功能 ease 安逸,舒适 adult 成年人 false 错误的 lose face丢脸 defend...against 防御 at ease 自由自在 on the contrary 相反 ‎2.(1)defence　(2)likely　(3)represent　(4)dash　(5)approach　(6)cheek　(7)flight 精讲词汇 ‎1.D　考查名词与介词的搭配辨析。approach“方法”,与to连用,表示“……的方法”;而means意为“方式”,不可与to连用;method与with 搭配;way则与of连用,和to连用时,to为不定式,不是介词。‎ ‎2.C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我极想知道他说的话。strange “奇怪的”;amusing “好笑的”;conscious “有意识的”。根据句意选C项。‎ ‎3.A　考查名词与介词的搭配。句意:他和玛丽在一起时感到完全放松。at ease “感到舒适,完全松弛”。故选A项。‎ ‎4.A　考查固定短语。defend sb against/from意为“保护某人免受伤害”。‎ ‎5.C　考查likely,possible与probable的辨析。由于主语为Mother,指人。故选C项。‎ ‎6.C　考查动词短语的辨析。lose courage“丧失勇气”;lose heart“泄气,灰心”;lose face“丢脸;受屈辱”。由句意可知答案为C项。‎ ‎7‎ ‎.C　考查词汇辨析。由第一空所在位置及其词汇辨析可知,第一空只能填also,either用于否定句中。故选C项。‎ ‎8.C　考查It is necessary that这一句型,后面应用should do。‎ 运用词汇 Ⅰ.1.represent　2.greeted　3.misunderstood　4.association　5.defended　6.gesture　7.dormitory ‎8.association　9.facial　10.subjectively Ⅱ.1.are likely to　2.In general　3.curious about　4.defended;against　5.at ease Ⅲ.1~5 ABBAA Period 2　文本研读课 学习目标 ‎1.Students are able to have a good understanding of the text.‎ ‎2.Students can know the following words:represent,curious,approach,misunderstand,likely,in general,avoid.‎ ‎3.Students can know the function of the -ing form.‎ 课堂探究 ‎➡Step 1　Skimming Go through the first three paragraphs quickly and silently and find out the main idea.‎ Question:What is the main idea of the first three paragraphs?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎➡Step 2　Careful reading Read the first three paragraphs again and try to find the detailed information.‎ Task 1:Choose the best answer.‎ ‎1.What did the writer go to the Capital International Airport for yesterday?‎ A.To see off his friend.‎ B.To buy a flight ticket.　‎ C.To meet international students.‎ D.To meet some visitors coming from several countries.‎ ‎2.Where is Tony Garcia from?‎ A.Britain. B.Japan.　 C.Colombia. D.Canada.‎ ‎3.From Paragraph 2 we know that Japanese prefer to 　　　 when they are introduced to others. ‎ ‎ A.bow B.shake hands ‎ C.kiss each other D.touch others’ shoulders ‎ ‎4.According to the text,men from the Middle East often 　　　. ‎ A.nod heads and wave hands to girls ‎ B.touch others’ heads when they first meet ‎ C.kiss each other twice on each cheek when they are introduced to others ‎ D.stand quite close to other men when they talk but will not touch women ‎5.How does Mr Garcia greet Ms Smith?‎ A.He shakes hands with her.‎ B.He touches her shoulder and kisses her.‎ C.He smiles at her.‎ D.He bows to her.‎ Task 2:Read the last two paragraphs and choose the best answer for the following questions.‎ ‎1.How do people use unspoken language?‎ A.By the movements of their bodies.‎ B.By eye contact.‎ C.By keeping physical distance,actions or posture.‎ D.By moving their hands.‎ ‎2.People from　　　 seldom touch strangers,while people from 　　　 are more likely to touch. ‎ ‎ A.England;Spain,Italy and South American countries　‎ ‎ B.France;Spain,America and England ‎ C.Spain;Italy,England and South American countries ‎ D.Spain;Italy,England and America ‎3.We can infer from the text that　　　. ‎ A.we can communicate successfully with others using body language B.people from different countries will not misunderstand each other using body language ‎ C.we should try to learn more about other countries’ customs D.all around the world,people express the same ideas using the same body language ‎4.How many international students are mentioned in the passage?‎ A.8 B.7 C.6 D.5‎ ‎➡Step 3　Enjoy some beautiful sentences.‎ ‎1.Yesterday,another student and I,representing our university’s student association,went to the airport to meet this year’s international students. ‎ ‎2.In the same way that people communicate with spoken language,they also express their feelings using unspoken language through physical distance,actions or posture. ‎ ‎3.When Darlene Coulon from France came dashing through the door,she recognized Tony Garcia’s smiling face.‎ ‎➡Step 4　Do some exercises.‎ ‎1.　　　 more attention,the trees could have grown better. ‎ A.Given B.To give C.Giving D.Having given ‎2.She reached the top of the hill and stopped 　　　 on a big rock by the side of the path. ‎ A.to have rested B.resting C.to rest D.rest ‎3.The secretary worked late into the night,　　　 a long speech for the president. ‎ A.to prepare B.preparing C.prepared D.was preparing ‎4.The computer center,　　　 last year,is very popular among the students in this school. ‎ A.having opened B.open C.opening D.opened ‎5.The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks 　　　 that he enjoyed his stay here. ‎ A.having added B.to add C.adding D.added ‎6.The first textbooks 　　　 for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. ‎ A.having written B.to be written C.being written D.written ‎7.　　　 a post office,I stopped 　　　 some stamps. ‎ A.Passed;buying B.Passing;to buy ‎ C.Having passed;buy D.Pass;to buy　‎ ‎8.Here are some new computer programs 　　　 for home buildings. ‎ A.designing B.design C.designed D.to design ‎➡Step 5　Summary Fill in the blank with proper words.‎ Not all cultures 1.　　　 each other in the same way.Each country may have its own way to 2. feelings.In Britain,people may keep a 3.　　　 distance.In Japan,people may 4.　　　 to each other when they meet.In France,people 5.　　　 hands and kiss each other twice on each 6.　　　.And in South American countries,they may stand 7.　　　 and touch each other.But in Middle East Muslim countries,they shake hands only with men,not with women.In China today,people may shake hands with each other,sometimes they greet each other only with a 8.　　　. ‎ ‎➡Step 6　Homework ‎1.Retell the passage in your own words.‎ ‎2.Do some research on body language by surfing the Internet or reading books and make a report.‎ 课后提升 ‎1.Find out different ways for people to greet.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.Translate the following sentences.‎ ‎(1)各种文化背景下的人互致问候的方式不尽相同,身体接触和相互间距的程度也并不一样。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(2)在当今文化交融的世界,学习不同国家的习俗肯定能帮助我们避免交往中的困难。‎ ‎ ‎ 参考答案 课堂探究 Step 1:Different international students behave differently when they greet people.‎ Step 2:Task 1:1.C　2.C　3.A　4.D　5.B Task 2:1.C　2.A　3.C　4.C ‎ Step 4:1.A　2.C　3.B　4.D　5.C　6.D　7.B　8.C Step 5:1.greet　2.express　3.certain　4.bow　5.shake　6.cheek　7.close　8.smile 课后提升 ‎1.People greet each other by shaking hands,kissing on the cheek or bowing in different countries.‎ ‎2.(1)Not all cultures greet each other the same way,nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.‎ ‎(2)Studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in today’s world of cultural crossroads.‎ Period 3　知识讲练课 学习目标 ‎1.Grasp the usage of such important words and expressions as greet,represent,association,curiously,approach,defence,major,likely,in general,at ease,lose face,turn one’s back to,etc.‎ ‎2.Master the following patterns:‎ ‎(1)The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia,closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.‎ ‎(2) Not all cultures greet each other the same way,nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.‎ 学习过程 ‎➡Step 1　Fill in the blanks according to what you have learned.‎ Yesterday,another student and I,(1)　　　 our university’s student association,went to meet this year’s international students.After half an hour of waiting,I saw several young people enter the waiting area ‎ looking around (2)　　　.I went forward to (3)　　　them.After being introduced,they greeted each other in different ways,causing some (4)　　　 and cultural mistakes. ‎ As I get to know more international friends,I learn more about this cultural (5)“　　　”.Not all cultures greet each other the same way,nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.In the same way that people (6)　　　with spoken language,they also express their feelings through physical distance,actions or (7)　　　. ‎ These actions are simply ways in which cultures have developed.I have seen,however,that cultural customs for body language are very general—not all members of a culture (8)　　　in the same way.(9),though,studying international customs can certainly help (10)　　　difficulties in today’s world of cultural crossroads. ‎ ‎➡Step 2　Words and expressions ‎1.There are many different ways to greet someone using words.有许多利用语言和别人打招呼的方式。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)Jim came across the room to greet his friends.‎ 吉姆穿过房间来迎接他的朋友们。‎ ‎(2)He greeted me in the street with a friendly wave of the hand.‎ 他在街上向我亲切地挥手致意。‎ ‎(3)They exchanged greetings and sat down to lunch.‎ 他们互相致意后便坐下吃午饭。‎ greet vi.&vt.迎接;问候 greet sb with sth 用……欢迎/致意/问候某人 greet sth with sth 对某事作出某种反应 greetings n.问候 exchange greetings互致问候 ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)His speech was　　　(欢呼)by loud cheers. ‎ ‎(2)她以笑容迎接我。(汉译英)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(3)We exchange　　　(问候)and gifts. ‎ ‎2.Yesterday,another student and I,representing our university’s student association...昨天,我和另一个学生代表我们学校的学生会……‎ ‎【观察思考1】‎ ‎(1)This painting represents a storm.‎ 这幅画描绘了一场暴风雨。‎ ‎(2)You must represent the danger to them.‎ 你必须告诉他们危险的所在。‎ ‎(3)We chose a committee to represent us.‎ 我们选出一个委员会来代表我们。‎ ‎(4)We appointed her as our representative.‎ 我们指派她作为我们的代表。‎ represent vt.表现;描写;描绘;代表;声称 represent...as把……描绘成……‎ represent sth to sb向某人陈述某事 represent oneself as/to be自称是 representative adj.有代表性的　n.代表;代理人 representation n.表现;代表;代理 ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)He　　　(声称)himself as a philosopher. ‎ ‎(2)The firm needs more 　　　(代理)in China. ‎ ‎(3)This mark　　　(代表)a village. ‎ ‎【观察思考2】‎ ‎(1)Many associations are breaking up for lack of money.‎ 许多社团因缺乏资金而纷纷解散。‎ ‎(2)I benefited much from my association with him.‎ 和他的交往让我受益匪浅。‎ ‎(3)He associated politics with wars.‎ 他把政治跟战争联系在一起。‎ association n.社团;联系;联想 in association with 与……联合 associate vt.将……联系起来;在头脑中联想 associate...with...把……和……联系起来 associate with sb 与某人常打交道 ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(4)We　　　　　　　　　　　　(一想起中国,就联想到了长城). ‎ ‎(5)Don’t　　　　　　　　　　　　(与……打交道)dishonest boys. ‎ ‎3.I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously.我看到几个年轻人进入候机室并且好奇地四处张望。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)I am curious to know where she found the money.‎ 我想知道她是在哪儿找到的钱。‎ ‎(2)They were curious about the people living upstairs.‎ 他们对住在楼上的人感到好奇。‎ ‎(3)Out of curiosity,he pulled down the handle of the fire alarm.‎ 出于好奇,他把火警警报器的手把拉了下来。‎ curious adj.好奇的;求知欲强的 be curious to do sth 好奇做某事 be curious about对……好奇 curiously adv.好奇地;感兴趣地 curiosity n.好奇心;求知欲 out of curiosity出于好奇 ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)She was　　　　　　　　　what had happened. ‎ 她很想知道发生了什么。‎ ‎(2)I was　　　　　　　　　how she would react. ‎ 我对她会怎样反应感到好奇。‎ ‎(3)He gave in to　　　and opened my letter. ‎ 他抵不住好奇心,拆开了我的信。‎ ‎(4)I see his eyes　　　stare at me. ‎ 我看到他的眼睛好奇地盯着我。‎ ‎4.Tony approached Julia,touched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek!托尼走近朱莉娅,摸了摸她的肩,亲了亲她的脸!‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)The day of his wedding approached.‎ 他结婚的日子临近了。‎ ‎(2)We approached the museum.‎ 我们走近博物馆。‎ ‎(3)His work is approaching perfection.‎ 他的工作近乎完美。‎ ‎(4)Did he approach you about lending him some money?‎ 他有没有向你接洽有关借钱给他的事?‎ ‎(5)Our approach frightened the birds away.‎ 我们一靠近,鸟全都惊飞了。‎ ‎(6)We have found a new approach to the study of English.‎ 我们发现了学英语的新方法。‎ approach vi.&vt.向……靠近;接近;着手处理 approach sb about sth接洽;要求 approach n.靠近 approach n.方法,步骤(后常跟介词to)‎ ‎【词汇辨析】‎ approach,manner,way,method与means approach表示具体的做事的方法或手段,只和介词to搭配。‎ manner“方式,样子,态度”,和介词in连用,如指“礼貌”,形式为复数,即manners。‎ way“方式,方法”,和介词in连用。‎ method“方法,办法”,多指某种具体的方法,只和介词with连用。‎ means“方法,手段”,和介词by连用。注意means的单数和复数形式相同。‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)I’m going to　　　(接洽)the bank about a loan. ‎ ‎(2)The　　　(临近)of winter brings cold weather. ‎ ‎(3)What is the best way　　　(处理)this problem? ‎ ‎5.She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands,as if in defence.她后退几步,显得很吃惊,并举起手来,好像在做防卫一样。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)She had to defend herself against the guard dog.‎ 她不得不防备看门狗咬她。‎ ‎(2)The union said that they would take action to defend their member’s jobs.‎ 工会说他们将采取行动维护会员的工作权益。‎ ‎(3)A thick overcoat is a good defence against cold.‎ 一件厚大衣足以御寒。‎ ‎(4)They took up arms in defence of their country.‎ 他们拿起武器保卫祖国。‎ defend vt.保卫,保护;捍卫,(为被告)辩护 defend...against/from...保卫……以免受……‎ defend oneself自我防卫;为自己辩解 defence n.防御;保卫,保护 in defence防御,防卫 in defence of为了保卫……‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)He left home to join the army to　　　(保卫)his motherland. ‎ ‎(2)The accused man had a lawyer to defend him.(英译汉)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(3)Would you be able to 　　　　　　(自卫)if someone attacked you in the street? ‎ ‎6.I guessed that there was probably a major misunderstanding.我猜想这其中可能有个大的误会。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)The major part of the job is done by machine.‎ 这种工作主要由机器来做。‎ ‎(2)What’s your major at university?‎ 你大学时的专业是什么?‎ ‎(3)The majority were on Ben’s side.‎ 大多数人都站在本这一边。‎ major adj.主要的 major n.〔C〕专业;主修科目 major vi.主修 major in 主修……‎ majority n.大多数 ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)汤姆在改进教学方面起了主要作用。(汉译英)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(2)He　　　　　　　　　(主修)English at university. ‎ ‎7.However,people from places like Spain,Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them.不过,来自西班牙、意大利和南美等国的人会站在离别人很近的地方,而且可能会(用身体)接触对方。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)She is the most likely girl to win the prize.‎ 她是最有希望得奖的女孩。‎ ‎(2)He is likely to get hurt because he always trusts people easily.‎ 他很容易受伤,因为他很轻易就相信别人。‎ ‎(3)It’s likely that he will succeed.=He is likely to succeed.‎ 他很有可能成功。‎ likely adj.可能的;有希望的 be likely to do很可能……;有希望……‎ It is likely that...很可能……‎ ‎【词汇辨析】‎ likely,possible与probable likely是常用词,指表面上看很可能。主语既可以是人也可以是物。可以说sb/sth be likely to do或It’s likely that...,但是不能说It is likely for sb to do。‎ possible强调客观上的可能,但含有实际上可能性很小的意思。主语不能是人,只能用it作为形式主语。构成It is possible for sb to do sth或It is possible that...结构。‎ probable主要强调有根有据、合情合理的推测,含有“很可能,十有八九”的意思。构成It is probable that...结构。‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)It　　　　　　　　　(很可能)that he will not consent. ‎ ‎(2)这趟火车很可能晚点。(汉译英)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(3)She is not 　　　to come next month. ‎ A.like B.properly C.possibly D.likely ‎8. In general,though,studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in today’s world of cultural crossroads!但总的来说,在当今文化交融的世界,学习不同国家的习俗肯定能够帮助我们避免交往中的困难。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ In general,your idea is not bad.‎ 大体上来说,你的想法还不错。‎ ‎ in general总的来说;通常 generally speaking大体上说 as a whole整个来说(总体上)‎ on the whole总的来说 ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)I like games　　　　　　　　　(总的来说),especially football. ‎ ‎(2)　　　,his work has been good,but this essay is dreadful. ‎ A.In case B.Above all C.On purpose D.In general ‎9.The most universal facial expression is,of course,the smile —its function is to show happiness and put people at ease.微笑当然是最普遍通用的面部表情,它的作用是表示快乐和安人心境。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)At first we didn’t feel at ease before him.‎ 开始时,我们在他面前感到有些拘束。‎ ‎(2)He handed her a cup of coffee to put her at ease.‎ 他递给她一杯咖啡,让她放松下来。‎ ‎(3)She led a life of ease.她过着舒适安逸的日子。‎ ‎(4)Talking eased his anxiety.那番话打消了他的顾虑。‎ at ease舒适;快活;自由自在 ease n.安逸;舒适 ease vt.减轻(痛苦、忧虑)‎ ease sb of sth 消除某人的痛苦等 at comfort舒适地 feel at ease感到自在 put/set sb at ease使某人感到舒适、放松 be/feel ill at ease感到不舒服 ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)He felt 　　　　　　　　　　　　(轻松自在)and confident about the future. ‎ ‎(2)这种药减轻了她的痛苦。(汉译英)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(3)Set your mind at ease.(英译汉)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎10.There are unhappy smiles,such as when someone “loses face” and smiles to hide it.有一些微笑表示的并非高兴,比如说当有人“丢了面子”而用微笑来掩饰。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)He’ll lose face if he does not keep his promise.‎ 如果他不遵守诺言,他就会感到羞愧。‎ ‎(2)Though she’d lost her job,she saved face by saying she’d left it willingly.‎ 她失去了工作,却说是自愿离职以保全面子。‎ ‎(3)His ambition was to meet his favorite pop star face to face.‎ 他的愿望是面对面地见见他心目中的流行歌星。‎ ‎(4)We are powerless in the face of such forces.‎ 面对这样强大的力量,我们无能为力。‎ lose face丢脸 save one’s face保全面子 be faced with 面对着 make a face/faces 做鬼脸 face to face面对面地 in the face of sth 面对某事物 look sb in the face直视某人 ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)The embarrassing situation caused me to 　　　　　　　　　(丢面子). ‎ ‎(2)Jeff 　　　　　　　　　(会丢面子)if his friend fails to work hard. ‎ ‎(3)　　　　　　(面对)with so much trouble,we failed to complete the task on time. ‎ ‎11.In most places around the world,frowning and turning one’s back to someone shows anger.在世界上很多地方,皱眉或者背对某人表示愤怒。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)He turned his back to me,and I knew he must be annoyed by my words.‎ 他背过身去不理我,我知道他肯定是被我的话惹恼了。‎ ‎(2)You can’t turn your back to him when he is in trouble.‎ 当他遇到麻烦时,你不能背弃他。‎ ‎(3)Lucy and Lily sit back to back.‎ 露西和莉莉背靠背坐着。‎ turn one’s back to背对;背弃 back to back背靠背 turn up出现,到场;开大 turn down拒绝;开小一点 turn off关掉 turn on打开 turn to sb for help向……求助 turn out证明是,结果是 ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)He　　　　　　　　　(背对)the audience. ‎ ‎(2)While the teacher　　　　　　　　　(背对)his students,a boy was making a face. ‎ ‎(3)I won’t ever forgive my elder brother—he 　　　　　　　　　(背弃)to me and refused to lend me money when I lost my job. ‎ ‎➡Step 3　Sentences we are going to learn ‎1.The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia,closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.第一个到达的是从哥伦比亚来的托尼·加西亚,随后紧跟着的是来自英国的朱莉娅·史密斯。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)He is the best man to do the job.‎ 他是做这项工作的最佳人选。‎ ‎(2)He is always the first person to come and the last to leave.‎ 他总是第一个来最后一个离开。‎ 当中心词是序数词或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,常用不定式作后置定语。‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)Liu Yang is the first woman in China　　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ 刘洋是中国第一位在太空遨游的女士。‎ ‎(2)—The last one　　　　　　 pays for the meal. ‎ ‎—Agreed!‎ ‎——最后一个到的请客。‎ ‎——同意!‎ ‎2.Not all cultures greet each other the same way,nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.各种文化背景下人们互致问候的方式不尽相同,身体接触和相互间距离的程度也并不一样。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)Not all answers are correct.=All answers are not correct.‎ 不是所有的答案都是正确的。‎ ‎(2)Not every student has passed the exam.=Every student has not passed the exam.‎ 并不是每一个学生都通过了考试。‎ ‎(3)I never saw him again,nor did I hear from him.‎ 我再也没有见到他,也没有收到他的信。‎ ‎(1)not all...=all...not...并不是所有的都……(部分否定)‎ not every...=every...not...并不是每一个都……(部分否定)‎ not both...=both...not...并非两者都……(部分否定)‎ none of 都不(全部否定)‎ neither of...两者都不(全部否定)‎ ‎(2)本句中nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people是不完全倒装句。否定意义的词或短语放在句首通常用不完全倒装句,即把助动词提到主语前面。‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)　　　　　　　　　(并不是所有的)the new companies can succeed. ‎ ‎(2)I don’t like all the books.(英译汉)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(3)不是每个人都喜欢这本书。(汉译英)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(4)Hardly　　　　　　　　　believe the news. ‎ 我几乎不能相信这个消息。‎ ‎➡Step 4　Homework ‎1.Go over the words and expressions as well as sentence structures we have learned today.‎ ‎2.完成句子。‎ ‎(1)He is the first person　　　　　　　　　every morning. ‎ 每天早上,他是第一个到达教室的人。‎ ‎(2)The teacher came out of the classroom,　　　　　　　　　a group of students. ‎ 老师走出教室,后面跟着一群学生。‎ ‎(3)Seldom in all my life　　　　　　　　　such a determined person. ‎ 我一生中很少遇到这样意志坚定的人。‎ ‎(4)This is the way　　　　　　　　　I do such thing. ‎ 这是我做这件事的方式。‎ ‎(5)　　　　　　　　　in the factory work hard. ‎ 并不是工厂里所有的工人都努力工作。‎ 参考答案 ‎➡Step 1‎ ‎(1)representing　(2)curiously　(3)greet　(4)misunderstandings　(5)body language　(6)communicate　(7)posture　(8)behave　(9)In general　(10)avoid ‎➡Step 2‎ ‎1.【尝试运用】(1)greeted　(2)She greeted me with a smile.　(3)greetings ‎2.【尝试运用】(1)represented　(2)representation　(3)represents　(4)associate China with the Great Wall　(5)associate with ‎3.【尝试运用】(1)curious to know　(2)curious about　(3)curiosity　(4)curiously ‎4.【尝试运用】(1)approach　(2)approach　(3)to approach ‎5.【尝试运用】(1)defend　(2)被告有一律师为他辩护。　(3)defend yourself ‎6.【尝试运用】(1)Tom played a major part in the improvement of teaching.　(2)majored in ‎7.【尝试运用】(1)is very likely　(2)The train is likely to be late.　(3)D　‎ ‎8.【尝试运用】(1)in general　(2)D　‎ ‎9.【尝试运用】(1)at ease　(2)The medicine eased her of the pain.　(3)请放心。‎ ‎10.【尝试运用】(1)lose face　(2)will lose face　(3)Faced ‎11.【尝试运用】(1)turned his back to　(2)turned his back to　(3)turned his back ‎➡Step 3‎ ‎1.【尝试运用】(1)to wander in space　(2)to arrive ‎2.【尝试运用】(1)Not all　(2)我并不是哪一本书都喜欢。　(3)Not everyone likes this book.　(4)could I ‎➡Step 4‎ ‎2.(1)to arrive at the classroom　(2)followed by　(3)have I met　(4)in which/that/不填　(5)Not all the workers Period 4　语法专题课 学习目标 Ⅰ.Know the rules of this grammar point.‎ ‎1.The -ing form can be used as the attribute.‎ ‎2.The -ing form can be used as the adverbial of time/reason/accompanying/result...‎ Ⅱ.Make use of the rules to make sentences.‎ 呈现新知 Look through the first reading passage,write out the missing part of the eight sentences and point out their functions in the sentences.‎ ‎1.Yesterday,another student and I,　　　　　　　　　　　　,went to the Capital International Airport to meet this year’s international students. ‎ ‎2.I saw several young people enter the waiting area　　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎3.I stood for a minute 　　　　　　　　　　　　 and then went to greet them. ‎ ‎4.She stepped back 　　　　　　　　　　　　 and put up her hands. ‎ ‎5.Then Akira Nagata from Japan came in 　　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎6.Just at that moment,however,Akira bowed so his nose touched 　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎7.When Darlene Coulon from France came dashing through the door,she recognized Tony Garcia’s 　　　　　　　　　face. ‎ ‎8.In the same way that people communicate with spoken language,they also express their feelings 　　　　　　　　　. ‎ 感受新知 Fill in the blanks using the correct form of the following verbs.‎ observe　deliver　focus　touch　approach　enjoy　defend　shake ‎1.He is a postman 　　　letters from door to door. ‎ ‎2.While the professor was doing the experiment,the boy sat there 　　　carefully. ‎ ‎3.He lost his life 　　　the honor of his nation. ‎ ‎4.She sat by the windows,　　　 the beautiful sights outside. ‎ ‎5.The 　　　buildings showed us that an earthquake was coming. ‎ ‎6.How attentive the students are! They are all sitting straight,　　　 their eyes on the screen. ‎ ‎7.It is exciting to watch　　　 athletes reach the other end of the swimming pool. ‎ ‎8.The blind man walked 　　　 the walls of the building. ‎ 归纳拓展 Ⅰ.Read the following sentences and find out the function of the underlined part.‎ ‎1.On the bed lies a sleeping baby.‎ ‎2.There is a baby sleeping in the bed.‎ ‎3.Looking about,he saw nothing around him.‎ ‎4.Tom stood there,not moving,and waited for the approaching bus.‎ ‎5.You speak English very well,considering you have only been studying for a year.‎ Ⅱ.According to Chinese,fill in the blanks of the following sentences and find out their functions in the sentences.‎ ‎1.　　　　　　　　　　　　(听到这个好消息),we were all excited. ‎ ‎2.　　　　　　　　　　　　(不知道他的地址),we couldn’t get in touch with him. ‎ ‎3.The teacher stood there,　　　　　　　　　　　　(同另一个老师谈话). ‎ ‎4.　　　　　　　　　　　　(往右转),you will find the post office. ‎ ‎5.I turned off the light,　　　　　　　　　　　　(所以什么也看不见). ‎ ‎6.　　　　　　　　　　　　(尽管相信他的话),we still think that he hasn’t tried his best. ‎ ‎7.After a discussion,our family went 　　　　　　　　　　　　(购物)together. ‎ ‎8.　　　　　　　　　　　　(从她的外表看),she seems to be a doctor. ‎ 巩固运用 Ⅰ.单句改错 ‎1.Sarah pretended to be cheerful,said nothing about the argument.‎ ‎2.Sit down,Emma.You will only make yourself tired,to keep on your feet.‎ ‎3.Mike found his missing car in the street outside his house looked newly polished.‎ ‎4.Look over there—there’s a very long,winding path leads up to the house.‎ ‎5.Recently a survey compared prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused a heated debate among citizens.‎ ‎6.Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures,some had a life span of around 20 years.‎ ‎7.More highways have been built in China,to make it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.‎ ‎8.Do you wake up every morning feel energetic and ready to start a new day?‎ ‎9.Gather around the fire,the tourists danced with the local people.‎ ‎10.On receiving a phone call from his wife says she had a fall,Mr Green immediately rushed home from his office.‎ Ⅱ.单项填空 ‎1.(2014北京卷)Last night,there were millions of people 　　　 the opening ceremony live on TV. ‎ A.watch B.to watch C.watched D.watching ‎2.The lecture,　　　 at 7:00 pm last night,was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes. ‎ A.starting B.being started C.to start D.to be started ‎ ‎3.(2014大纲卷)Today there are more airplanes 　　　 more people than ‎ ever before in the skies. ‎ A.carry B.carrying C.carried D.to be carrying ‎4.Mark lives in a big pleasant room 　　　 approximately 5 meters by 6 meters. ‎ A.measures B.measuring C.to be measured D.having measured　‎ ‎5.(2014福建卷)　　　 the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong,Linda appears more mature than those of her age. ‎ A.Spending B.Spent C.Having spent D.To spend ‎6.“You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted,　　　 away. ‎ A.run B.running　 C.to run D.ran　‎ ‎7.(2014湖南卷)There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland;　　　 at the night sky. ‎ A.to stare B.staring C.stared D.having stared ‎8.　　　 how to work out the difficult physics problem,he asked the teacher for help. ‎ A.Not to know B.Not knowing C.Knowing not D.Not known　‎ ‎9.(2014江西卷)　　　 nearly all our money,we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel. ‎ A.Having spent B.To spend C.Spent D.To have spent ‎10.　　　many times,he still repeated the same mistake. ‎ A.Having been told B.Having told C.Telling D.Told ‎ ‎11.(2014山东卷)There’s a note pinned to the door 　　　 when the shop will open again. ‎ A.saying B.says C.said D.having said ‎12.(2013北京卷)　　　 the course very difficult,she decided to move to a lower level. ‎ A.Find B.Finding C.To find D.Found ‎13.(2013江苏卷)Lionel Messi,　　　 the record for the most goals in a calendar year,is considered the most talented football player in Europe. ‎ A.set B.setting C.to set D.having set ‎14.(2013湖南卷)The sun began to rise in the sky,　　　 the mountain in golden light. ‎ A.bathed B.bathing C.to have bathed D.having bathed ‎15.(2013辽宁卷)Laura was away in Paris for over a week.When she got home,there was a pile of mail 　　　 for her. ‎ A.waited B.to wait C.waiting D.was waiting ‎16.(2013山东卷)The room is empty except for a bookshelf 　　　 in one corner. ‎ A.standing B.to stand C.stands D.stood ‎17.(2013山东卷)　　　 at the cafeteria before,Tina didn’t want to eat there again. ‎ A.Having eaten B.To eat C.Eat D.Eating ‎18.(2013四川卷)　　　 which university to attend,the girl asked her teacher for advice. ‎ A.Not knowing B.Knowing not C.Not known D.Known not ‎19.(2013新课标Ⅱ卷)I got to the office earlier that day,　　　 the 7:30 train from Paddington. ‎ A.caught B.to have caught C.to catch D.having caught ‎20.(2013新课标Ⅰ卷)The sunlight is white and blinding,　　　hard-edged shadows on the ground. ‎ A.throwing B.being thrown C.to throw D.to be thrown 参考答案 呈现新知 ‎1.representing our university’s student association ‎2.looking around curiously ‎3.watching them ‎4.appearing surprised ‎5.smiling ‎6.George’s moving hand ‎7.smiling ‎8.using unspoken “language” through physical distance,actions and posture 感受新知 ‎1.delivering　2.observing　3.defending　4.enjoying　5.shaking　6.focusing　7.approaching　8.touching 归纳拓展 Ⅰ.1.“Sleeping” is a single -ing form which modifies the noun“baby”,so it is placed before the noun“baby”.‎ ‎2.“Sleeping in the bed” is an -ing phrase modifying a noun phrase “a baby”,so it is placed behind the noun phrase “a baby”.‎ ‎3.“Looking about” is placed at the beginning of the sentence but it can also be put at the end of the sentence.‎ ‎4.“Not moving” modifies the predicate “stood there”,so it is put in the middle of the sentence.‎ ‎5.“Considering you have only been studying for a year” in the sentence is placed at the end of the sentence,but it can also be put at the beginning of the sentence.‎ Ⅱ.1.Hearing the good news　Here the -ing form is used as an adverbial of time.‎ ‎2.Not knowing his address　Here the -ing form is used as an adverbial of reason.‎ ‎3.talking with another teacher　Here the -ing form is used as an adverbial of accompanying.‎ ‎4.Turning to the right　Here the -ing form is used as an adverbial of condition.‎ ‎5.seeing nothing　Here the -ing form is used as an adverbial of result.‎ ‎6.Admitting what he said　Here the -ing form is used as an adverbial of giving in.‎ ‎7.shopping　Here the -ing form is used as an adverbial of purpose.‎ ‎8.Judging from her appearance　Here the logical subject of “Judging from her appearance” is not the subject of the main sentence,so it is an exception.‎ 巩固运用 Ⅰ.1.said→saying　考查非谓语动词。句意:萨拉假装开心,对那次争论什么也没说。句中没有连词,故said改为saying,在句中是伴随状语。‎ ‎2.to keep→keeping　考查非谓语动词。句意:埃玛,你坐下吧。老这么站着你会累的。to keep表示将来。make yourself tired与keep on your feet同时进行,故to keep改为keeping。‎ ‎3.looked→looking　考查非谓语动词。句意:迈克在他屋子外的大街上发现了他丢失的汽车,看上去刚打过蜡。looked是谓语形式,但句中没有连词;looking表明车子的特性,作伴随状语,故looked改为looking。‎ ‎4.leads→leading　考查非谓语动词。句意:看那儿,有一条长长的蜿蜒小路向上延伸到那座房子。leading作path的后置定语,相当于which leads。‎ ‎5.compared→comparing　考查非谓语动词。句意:最近一项调查引起了市民们的激烈讨论,该调查是比较在两个不同超市里的相同商品的价格。句子的主语是a survey,谓语动词是has caused,宾语是a heated debate。由此可见,原句不缺主干成分,“ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets”该部分是来修饰survey的,作后置定语。由于prices作compare的宾语,是主动形式,故compared改为comparing。‎ ‎6.had→having　考查独立主格结构。句意:令人惊讶的是,蝙蝠是长寿的动物,有些能活20年左右。had是谓语动词形式,题中没有连词,一个简单句中不能同时存在两个谓语动词,having是动词-ing形式表示伴随。‎ ‎7.to make→making　考查非谓语动词。句意:中国已经修建了许多高速公路,人们更加方便地从一个地点到另外一个地点旅游。to make作目的状语,不符合句意;making it...是动词-ing形式在句中作结果状语,但是此句中如果去掉in China后的逗号,用to make也是正确的。‎ ‎8.feel→feeling　考查非谓语动词。句意:每天早上醒来后,你是否感到精力充沛,并为新的一天做好了准备?wake up作句子的谓语,句中没有连词,因此用谓语动词feel是不对的。feel 和you 之间是主谓关系,故用feeling作伴随状语。‎ ‎9.Gather→Gathering　考查非谓语动词。句意:游客们围绕在火堆旁边,与当地人一起跳舞。gather 的动作由the tourists执行,用主动形式,并与dance同时进行,故用gathering,表示伴随。‎ ‎10.says→‎ saying　考查非谓语动词。句意:在接到妻子的电话说她摔倒后,格林先生立刻从办公室冲回家。非谓语动词修饰phone call,前后动词的动作在同一时间发生,表主动进行用动词-ing形式,表示伴随。‎ Ⅱ.1.D　考查非谓语动词。句意:昨天晚上,好几百万人在电视上观看了开幕式的直播。此处为非谓语动词修饰people,且表示主动,故用现在分词形式,相当于一个定语从句who watched...。‎ ‎2.A　考查非谓语动词的用法。根据last night可知start已经发生,故排除C、D两项(不定式常表将来),B项(being done)一般表示一个被动动作正在进行,也排除。The lecture和start之间是主谓关系,故用动词-ing形式作定语。‎ ‎3.B　考查非谓语动词。句意:与以前相比,如今天空中有更多的飞机来运送更多的乘客。“　　　 more people”是定语,修饰airplanes。且airplanes和carry之间是主谓关系,因此B项正确。 ‎ ‎4.B　考查动词-ing形式作定语。本句中的动词measure可以作为及物动词vt.“测量;估量”;也可以表示“距离(或长度、宽度、数量等)为……”。本句中的measure表示的就是第二层含义“距离(或长度、宽度、数量等)为……”;动词measure与前面的名词room构成逻辑上的主动关系,故使用动词-ing形式measuring approximately 5 meters by 6 meters来修饰前面的名词room。句意:马克生活在一个面积大约为5米乘6米的很大的舒服的房子里。故B项正确。‎ ‎5.C　考查非谓语动词作状语。句意:作为交换生在香港待了一年,琳达看上去要比她的同龄人更成熟。分析句子结构可知,所填部分在句中作状语,且与句子的主语之间是主动关系,排除B项;根据句意可知,非谓语动词表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前,故选C项。‎ ‎6.B　考查非谓语动词。动词-ing形式running与句中主语Janet为逻辑上的主谓关系,与句中谓语动词shout同时发生。句意:“你抓不住我!”珍妮特喊着,逃跑了。故B项正确。动词-ing形式作状语的用法需要注意动词-ing形式的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。‎ ‎7.B　考查非谓语动词。句意:没有什么乐趣能比得上躺在草地中央,凝望夜空。根据句意可知,“躺在草地中央”与“凝望夜空”是同时发生的动作,因此用现在分词形式作伴随状语。‎ ‎8.B　考查非谓语动词作状语的用法。句意:不知道怎么解决这个难的物理问题,他向老师求助。因为he和know是主动关系,用动词-ing形式作状语,否定式是在动词-ing形式前面加not,选B项。‎ ‎9.A　考查非谓语动词。句意:几乎把我们所有的钱都花光了,我们住不起旅馆了。分析句子结构可知,所填部分在句中作原因状语,与句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。‎ ‎10.A　考查非谓语动词。句意:他虽然被告诉过许多次但仍旧犯同样的错误。这里是非谓语动词作状语,having done在谓语动词之前发生表示主动。having been done在谓语动词之前发生表示被动。故选A项。‎ ‎11.A　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,此处要用非谓语动词形式修饰前面的名词a note,且note与say之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故要用现在分词的一般式作后置定语。句意:在门上钉着一张字条,上面说商店何时将会再次开张。‎ ‎12.B　考查非谓语动词。句意:她发现这门课程很难,决定转学难度小一些的课程。主语she与动词find之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词形式作原因状语。‎ ‎13.D　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,该句的主句结构是非常完整的,缺少的成分只能是非谓语形式,主语Lionel Messi与set the ‎ record是主动关系,而且“创纪录”已经完成,所以用现在分词的完成式。‎ ‎14.B　考查非谓语动词。bath“沐浴,笼罩”,可作及物动词。“　　　the mountain in golden light”在题目中作状语。A项为过去分词,表被动和完成;B项为现在分词作状语;C项为不定式的完成式,表示该动作发生在谓语动词之前;D项为现在分词的完成式,表示该动作发生在谓语动词之前。句意:太阳开始在空中升起,那座山沐浴在金色的阳光里。故选B项。 ‎ ‎15.C　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,there be句型结构完整,缺少的只是修饰成分,排除D项;a pile of mail与wait之间存在主动关系,所以选择现在分词形式作后置定语。‎ ‎16.A　考查非谓语动词。句意:这个房间空荡荡的,只不过是角落里立着一个书架。根据except for可知,后面不能用谓语动词形式,且bookshelf与stand之间存在逻辑上的主动关系,故用现在分词作后置定语。故选A项。‎ ‎17.A　考查非谓语动词。句意:蒂娜以前曾在这家自助餐厅吃过饭,她不想再去了。根据句意可知,此处非谓语动词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前,且主语Tina与eat存在逻辑上的主动关系,故要用现在分词的完成式。因此A项正确。‎ ‎18.A　考查非谓语动词。句意:由于不知道上哪一所大学,这个女孩向她的老师征求建议。非谓语动词的否定式,应把not置于非谓语动词的前面,故排除B项和D项;由于know与主句的主语the girl之间存在主动关系,故选A项。‎ ‎19.D　考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知,赶上七点半的火车这件事发生在前,到达办公室发生在后,为了体现动作的先后,故使用分词的完成式;主句主语与catch之间是主动关系,所以选D项。‎ ‎20.A　考查非谓语动词。句意:阳光明亮刺眼,在地上投下轮廓分明的影子。所填部分在句中作伴随状语,且the sunlight 与throw之间是主动关系,故用现在分词。‎