【英语】2018届人教版必修4一轮复习：Unit2Workingtheland教案设计（32页）

【英语】2018届人教版必修4一轮复习：Unit2Workingtheland教案设计（32页）

‎ Unit 2 Working the land教案设计 Ｉ．单元教学目标 技能目标Skill Goals Talk about agriculture: a pioneer in farming -Yuan Longping Talk about organic farming & green food How to write a brief summary Try to consolidate how to express suggestions & advice Master the usage of the -ing form as the subject and object Learn how to design English posters II． 目标语言 功 ‎ 能 ‎ 句 ‎ 式 建议（ Suggestions & advice）‎ I would rather ... ‎ If I have a choice I’d choose because ...‎ I don’t like ... because ... ‎ You need to ...‎ I’d prefer ... because ...‎ May I suggest ...‎ It’s a great pity that ...‎ Let me suggest Leng Jianli because...‎ Should I/We...? ‎ Perhaps we should consider Leng Jianli because...‎ It’s better to ...‎ But what/how about ...‎ 词 ‎ 汇 ‎1. 四会词汇 ‎ Sunburnt, struggle, decade, super, output, crop, hunger, disturbing, expand, Vietman, circulate, satisfied, freedom ‎2. 认读词汇 ‎ hybrid, strain, sorghum, peanut, darken, organic, fertilizer, fertile, ‎ ‎3. 词组 rid ... of, be satisfied with, lead a ... life, would rather, refer to, search for, thanks to, would…rather,‎ 语 法 动词的 -ing 形式作主语和宾语的用法 ‎（The -ing form as the subject & object）‎ a. Wishing for things, however, costs nothing.‎ b. His other hobbies include playing mah-jong, swimming and reading.‎ Ⅲ. 教材分析与教材重组 ‎ 1． 教材分析 ‎ 本单元的中心话题是“农业”， 学生通过讨论和阅读了解有关农业、农村和农作物种植的内容。让学生了解农业在整个人类生活中的重要性，了解农村生活，了解中国农民的生活现状，提高他们对农业的认识，并且帮助他们更深刻地理解农业科学家袁隆平的科学研究的价值。同时让学生了解organic farming 以及它对人们生活的重要性，进一步扩大学生的关于农业方面的词汇量，并通过写一则海报提高学生的写作水平。‎ ‎ 1.1 WARMING UP 通过提问有关农业、农村和农作物种植的内容，让学生谈谈自己对农村和农业劳动的认识或经验。教师可通过讨论让学生互相学习，相互交流经验以增加他们的农业知识。‎ ‎ 1.2 PRE-READING 部分有两组问题。在第一组问题中，讨论大米在东亚和东南亚国家人民生活中的重要性；而第二组问题则提出世界部分地区所面临的饥饿问题。由此激发学生对世界的关注，培养学生的同情心。‎ ‎ 1.3 READING 部分介绍中国著名的农业科学家袁隆平的生平和他的杂交水稻。第一段描述了袁博士的外表——他更象一个农民而不象一个科学家，农村就是他做科研的殿堂。他的科研成果就是超级杂交水稻。 第二段描述他的家庭出身，学业，献身水稻科研的原因及所取得的成就。第三段告诉我们袁博士过着跟普通人一样的生活却干着伟大的事业。即使在功成名就之后，他也淡泊名利, 有着无私奉献的高尚精神。‎ ‎ 1.4 COMPREHENDING ‎ 部分设计了三个练习。第一个是判断练习，学生根据课文中理解和收集的信息做出判断，甚至通过讨论才能做出判断。第二个是词语理解题。第三个练习提出问题，要求学生在阅读课文后作出回答,以检验他们的理解力和训练他们的归纳总结能力。‎ ‎ 1.5 LEARNING ABOUT LANGUAGE 部分学习本单元重点词汇和语法项目。词语学习部分采用给出词义而让学生从课文中找出与之匹配的词，然后用所找的词汇完成第二个练习中的短文，以及用课文中意义相近的词汇替换练习三句中划线部分。通过这三种练习帮助学生理解并能熟练应用课文中所学的词汇。语法部分通过从课文中找同义句引出动词的-ing 形式，教师此时可引导学生找出其他的句子，以启发学生理解-ing形式的句法功能。练习二通过模仿例句，用-ing形式做主语代替动词不定式改写句子。练习三要求学生连接短语造句，让学生学习-ing形式作宾语的用法，并列举后面接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词。练习四则训练学生v-ing形式在实际生活中的应用能力。练习五则设计了一个游戏以丰富学生的想象力。‎ ‎ 1.6 USING LANGUAGE 部分综合训练学生的听说读写能力。第一部分读写结合，学生先阅读文章，文章写的是 Organic Farming or green food,读完后要求学生写一个摘要。在此教师要首先强调写摘要时学生一定要抓住文章的主题并且运用所学的重要词语。听力部分通过回答问题来提高学生的理解能力和理解的正确性。Reading, speaking and writing 部分把读，说和写有机地结合在一起。假设你是一个“绿色食品” farmer，通过背景阅读，你要有充分的理由，利用所提供的句型，以对话的形式说服他人购买你的食品。最后为你的食品设计一个有说服力的广告。‎ ‎ 1.7 SUMMING UP部分要求学生归纳总结本单元内容、词汇和语法结构三个方面。‎ ‎ 1.8 LEARNING TIPS 部分对如何提高表达能力提出建议。‎ ‎ 2. 课型设计与课时分配 ‎ ‎ 1st period Reading ‎ 2nd period Language points ‎3rd period Learning about Language ‎4th period Grammar ‎5th period Using language ‎ ‎6th period Writing Ⅳ. 分课时教案 Reading Teaching goals 教学目标 ‎1. Target Language 目标语言 a. 词汇和短语 sunburnt, struggle, decade, super, output, crop, hunger, disturbing, expand, Vietnam, circulate, satisfied, freedom b. 重点句子 Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.‎ ‎2. Ability goals 能力目标 Enable Ss to learn more about agriculture, countryside and farming. By talking they can exchange their experience with each other. By reading they will realize the role that agriculture plays in human life. In fact this world faces a serious problem —starvation. So after reading the passage about Dr Yuan students will know the importance of his achievement to man. Of course they will learn from Dr Yuan some noble character.‎ ‎3. Learning ability goals 学能目标 Help Ss learn how to describe Dr Yuan Longping including his personality.‎ Teaching important points 教学重点 a. Help to comprehend the text and grasp the main idea of the text.‎ b. Grasp the usage of some words and expressions.‎ c. How to help students make up their minds to make contributions to motherland in the future like Dr Yuan.‎ Teaching difficult points 教学难点 a. How to help students learn more about agriculture.‎ b. Help students really master the usage of words and expressions.‎ Teaching methods 教学方法 Talking, questioning-and-answering activity and reading.‎ Teaching aids 教具准备 A tape recorder, a projector and a computer.‎ Teaching procedures && ways 教学过程与方式 Step Ⅰ Greeting T: Hello, everyone.‎ Ss: Hello, teacher.‎ T: In last unit we learnt some great women. Today we’ll learn a famous man. Who will it be? At first let’s look at the two pictures on Page 9. What are the people doing?‎ Ss: They are planting rice. ‎ T: Can you tell me something about rice?‎ S: Rice grows in the south.‎ S: But in some place of the north we can also find rice.‎ T: Yeah. You are right. In fact rice is a cereal grain that has been grown for at least 5,000 years and is eaten by 2.4 billion people everyday throughout the world. In Australia, farmers have had to struggle with their harsh environment to grow rice.‎ Ss: Really?‎ Step Ⅱ Warming up T: Have you ever grown any plants? If so, what did you do to grow them? If not, what kind of plant would you like to grow? How will you grow it?‎ S: I have ever grown corn and potatoes. In autumn, my father and I ploughed the soil deep for the first time, then in the next spring, we ploughed the soil for a second time, this time I put the corn seeds into the tunnel following my father. Finally my father covered the corn seeds by ploughing again.‎ S: I never grow any plant. I’d like to plant sunflowers. They look beautiful. They always face the sun when they are young. I dig some holes in my garden, put some sunflower seeds in them, water them and finally cover them with some more soil.‎ T: Very well. Have you ever been to the countryside? What did you do there?‎ S5: Yes, I went there to see my grandfather. In the village I played with other boys in the little stream and caught little fish. I even helped my grandfather get in the corn by cutting the corn stems, which made me tired.‎ T: Are you from a farmer’s family? What do you know about farming?‎ S: Yes, my father is a farmer. In my view, farming is hard work. People have to plant crops, smooth away weeds and get in the crops at the right time. They have to get up early to work in the field so as to protect themselves from the sunshine.‎ T: That’s right. In the north, the biggest worry that farmers have is the drought. When it doesn’t rain, and they can’t irrigate the crops, the crops will die and they will have nothing after hard working.‎ Step Ⅲ Pre-reading ‎ Let students know the importance of rice. By answering the two questions, students can easily understand why we call Dr Yuan Longping a pioneer for all people, and why he devotes all his life to the rice research.‎ ‎1. What is the main food in all East Asian and Southeast Asian countries?‎ Rice. It is said that there are 2.4 billion people to eat rice every day throughout the world. ‎ ‎2. What do you think would happen if tomorrow there was suddenly no rice to eat?‎ • suffer from starvation and starve to death • feel scared / be panic • fight for food, even kill each other ‎ • and the whole country would get into trouble.‎ If you had the chance to do something to help end hunger in the world, what would you do?‎ Step Ⅳ Fast Reading The reading material is about an agricultural pioneer named Yuan Longping who worked hard at a new strain of rice. It has proved so successful that his technology spread into other countries. The purpose of fast reading ‎ is to let students find some useful information, and get familiar with the text. So in this step, teacher can design some questions for students, so that they can easily find the answers and finish the reading task.‎ ‎ He is father of hybrid rice (杂交水稻), who was lately awarded “the Nobel Prize of Asia”. He received the honor for his great contributions (贡献) to hybrid rice research and work he did to improve rice production in developing countries. Now he is head of the National Hybrid Rice Research and Development Center in Hunan Province, China (中国湖南省国家杂交水稻研究与发展中心). He is called a pioneer for all people. ‎ Step Ⅴ Skimming The text is about a(n) 1. ___________ _______ named Yuan Longping who made a great contribution to finding ways to 2. ______________.‎ Match the following headings with the right paragraphs.‎ Para 1 A. Dr Yuan’s dreams.‎ Para 2 B. Dr Yuan’s personality.‎ Para 3 C. Dr Yuan’s biography.‎ Para 4 D. Dr Yuan’s appearance and his achievement.‎ ‎ Keys: Para 1: D Para 2: C Para 3: B Para 4: A Step Ⅵ Careful reading ‎1. Read the text carefully and fill in the blanks. ‎ Yuan Longping Appearance u ‎_________ face and arms slim and strong body ‎______________‎ u developed super hybrid rice u became the first ______________ in the world to grow high output rice u helps the UN reduce _______ in the world Experiences ‎ u born in 1930 and _________ from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953‎ u finding ways to grow more rice has been his life _____ ‎ u to _________ his knowledge in less developed countries such as India and ‎ ‎ Vietnam Personalities u is satisfied with his life ‎ u doesn’t care about being famous u gives a large amount of money to help others to do their ________ in agriculture u has many dreams and never gives up u loves and ________ his people ‎_________‎ u to produce a kind of rice that could _____ more people u to _______ his rice so that it can be grown around the globe ‎ Keys: sunburnt, Achievements, agricultural pioneer, hunger, graduated, goal, ‎ ‎ circulate, research, care for, Dreams, feed, export ‎2. True (T) or False (F):‎ ‎1) Yuan Longping became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow super hybrid rice at the age of 40.‎ ‎2) More than 60% of the rice in the world is from the hybrid strain.‎ ‎3) According to the text, farmers in China are producing rice harvests nearly 4 times as large as that in 1950.‎ ‎ Keys: F, F, T ‎3. Choose the best answers.‎ ‎1) What does the word “battle” refer to in the second paragraph?‎ ‎ A. The low rice output.‎ ‎ B. Ridding the world of hunger.‎ ‎ C. Fighting against farming.‎ ‎ D. The freedom to do research.‎ ‎ 2) From the passage, we can know ______.‎ A. Yuan Longping is not a pioneer but a scientist in the research of the hybrid rice B. Yuan’s parents are both agricultural scientists C. more than 60% of the rice produced in the world is from the hybrid strain D. using the hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before ‎ ‎ 3) It can be inferred from the text that ______.‎ A. Yuan knew the importance of rice import B. Yuan is interested in playing the violin ‎ C. Yuan is proud of his achievements D. Yuan’s rice are grown in many countries ‎ ‎ Keys: C, D, D ‎4. Discussion Even if Dr. Yuan’s dreams come true, can this really solve starvation?‎ Step Ⅶ Post reading Answer these questions based on your understanding of the passage.‎ ‎1. Why did Yuan Longping want to increase the rice output when he was young?‎ ‎2. Is Dr Yuan more of a scientist or more of a farmer? Do you think he is a businessman? ‎ ‎3. How would you describe Dr Yuan’s personality? Use three or four adjectives.‎ ‎4. What do you think is the main reason for his success?‎ ‎5. Dr Yuan thinks that a person with too much money has more rather than fewer troubles. Do you agree or disagree? Why? ‎ ‎6. Dr Yuan developed super hybrid rice to help Chinese farmers and hungry people around the world. Can you think of any other major development that would make a great difference to world hunger? ‎ ‎ Keys: 1. Dr Yuan wanted to increase the rice output because he saw many people go hungry when he was young. ‎ ‎ 2. I think he is more of a scientist. His main purpose is not to make a profit for himself but to study agriculture and use that knowledge to improve farming for farmers everywhere. I do not think he is a businessman, because his goal is not to make money.‎ ‎ 3. Because of his work with developing hybrid rice, it seems that Yuan Longping must be a very patient and careful man. He didn’t give up but kept working on his project. He also seems to be a very kind man, who cares for others. He wants to use his invention to help hungry people around the world.‎ ‎ 4. I think Yuan Longping was successful because he kept working and did not give up. He was also very motivated to succeed and help other farmers around China.‎ ‎ 5. I mostly agree. I think being rich can cause a lot of problems, but it really depends on the life and attitude of the person who is rich. People who are rich certainly have different problems from people who are not.‎ ‎ 6. I think developing other hybrid grains would make a great difference in the problem of world hunger. Hybrid grains that can survive in very dry or very hot areas would be very useful in Africa and other areas. Hybrid grains that cannot easily be killed by insects and diseases would be useful around the world.‎ Step Ⅷ Discussion ‎1. Choose one of these questions and discuss in groups.‎ ‎ 1) What advantages do you see in Yuan Longping’s life?‎ ‎ 2) What disadvantages do you see in Yuan Longping’s life? ‎ ‎2. Discuss in groups. ‎ ‎ Would you like to have a life like his? Why or why not? ‎ Step Ⅸ Homework ‎1. Writing a poster (海报) for the text.‎ ‎2. Finish the exercises 1and 2 on page 11.‎ Language points Teaching goals 教学目标 ‎1. Target Language 目标语言 a. 词汇和短语 sunburnt, struggle, decade, super, output, crop, hunger, disturbing, expand, Vietnam, circulate, satisfied, freedom b. 重点句子 Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.‎ ‎2. Ability goals 能力目标 Enable Ss to learn language points of the passage.‎ ‎3. Learning ability goals 学能目标 Help Ss learn language points.‎ Teaching important points 教学重点 a. Help to comprehend the text and grasp the language points.‎ b. Grasp the usage of some words and expressions.‎ Teaching difficult points 教学难点 Help students really master the usage of words and expressions.Teaching methods 教学方法 Talking, questioning-and-answering activity.‎ Teaching aids 教具准备 A computer.‎ Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方式 StepⅠLanguage points ‎1. …for whom he has struggled for the past five decades.‎ ‎ struggle vi. 搏斗, 挣扎, 努力, 拼搏 e.g. They were struggling to get out the burning car. ‎ 他们挣扎着从烧着的车里往外爬。‎ She struggled up the stairs with her heavy bags. ‎ 她提着沉重的行李艰难地走上楼梯。‎ struggle n. 努力, 拼搏 e.g. We should all believe in ourselves in the struggle of life. ‎ Mary’s struggle with the disease lasted ten years. ‎ ‎[搭配] ‎ struggle against/with 与……斗争 struggle for sth. 为争取……而奋斗/斗争 struggle to do sth. 努力做某事 ‎ 根据括号内的汉语提示补全句子。‎ ‎1) We should be brave to _____________ (同……做斗争) the difficulty. ‎ ‎2) The _______ (斗争) for independence was long and hard. ‎ ‎3) Three brothers ____________ (为争取……而斗争) the possession of a jewelry box.‎ ‎2. Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.‎ ‎ 1) thanks to 表示“幸亏, 多亏”多用于表达正面意思, 相当于感谢, 在句中作状语和表语。‎ ‎ e.g. Thanks to your help, much trouble was saved. ‎ ‎ 多亏你的帮助, 减少了许多麻烦。‎ ‎ 2) rid … of … 用法 ‎ The man rid himself of debt. ‎ ‎ It is very hard for the people to rid the earth of pollution.‎ ‎ rid ... of 意为“_________”，此时，rid作___词，rid oneself of sb. / sth. 意为“摆脱，从……中解脱” ‎ ‎ Will science finally rid us of this disease? ‎ ‎ rid sb. / sth. of sb. / sth. 意为“去除，清除”‎ ‎[注意] ‎ rid还可以作名词, 构成短语get rid of, “摆脱掉、除掉、处理掉”。如:‎ It’s easy to get into the habit of taking drugs but hard to get rid of it. ‎ We can’t get rid of war until we get rid of the causes of war. ‎ ‎ 完成句子，使其与所给的句子意思相同或相近。‎ ‎1) It is not easy for him to get rid of the bad habit. ‎ ‎ It is hard for him to ___ ______ __ the bad habit.‎ ‎2) He plans to give up smoking in two months.‎ ‎ He plans to _________ _________ __ smoking in two months.‎ ‎3. He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.‎ 阅读下列句子, 试着归纳would rather的意思及用法。‎ ‎1) I think at the beginning we’d rather have some fairly quiet and peaceful music.‎ ‎2) Most young people would rather not listen to the Beijing Opera. ‎ ‎3) Would you rather stay here or go home? ‎ ‎[归纳] ‎ would rather意为 ___________, 其后接动词原形。‎ ‎[拓展]‎ would rather ... than ... 意为“宁愿……而不愿……”。如：‎ Jack would rather buy a bike than a motorbike. ‎ 翻译下列句子。‎ ‎1) 她宁愿死也不愿意投降。‎ ‎2) 我宁愿你现在回家。‎ ‎3) 我宁愿你昨天没做那件事情。‎ ‎4. He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in ‎ ‎ agriculture. ‎ ‎[考点] therefore adv. 因此；所以；因而，表示因果关系。‎ ‎[考例] Progress so far has been very good. ______, we are sure that the project will be completed on time.‎ A. However B. Otherwise ‎ C. Therefore D. Besides ‎ ‎[点拨] 题意是“至今情况进展良好，因此我们确信能按时完成这项工程。” 前后两句为因果关系，故选therefore；however然而，可是；otherwise否则，要不然，二者均表示转折关系；besides而且，也不符合题意。‎ ‎5. What do you think would happen if tomorrow there was suddenly no rice to eat? ‎ ‎ [点拨] 本句中使用了插入语do you think。插入语经常插到一个语法结构完整的句子里去，对句子的内容作一些附加说明，有时表示说话者的态度和看法等，它不和句子的成分发生结构上的关联，常置于句首、句中或句末。把插入语去掉之后，句子的结构和语义还是完整的。 ‎ ‎[拓展]‎ ‎①常用于插入语的动词有suppose, know, hope, believe, guess, find, say等。如：‎ You came by air, I suppose.‎ ‎②用作插入语的主要有：副词、形容词、介词短语、不定式、动词-ing形式短语和分句。如：‎ Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea. Unfortunately, neither of them could swim.‎ If she ran towards it, it might attack her. Worse still, it could even carry off the baby in its mouth.‎ Your performance in the driving test didn’t reach the required standard — in other words, you failed.‎ To be frank with you, I have no money on me. ‎ Judging from what he said to me today, his mind’s made up.‎ It is so nice to hear from her. Believe it or not, we last met more than ‎ thirty years ago.‎ ‎[仿写] ________________________ _____________________ (令我惊讶的是, 他说的话和所做的事没有任何关系。)‎ 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。‎ ‎① —What fruit is in season now?‎ ‎ —Pears and apples, ____. ‎ ‎ A. I know B. I think C. I see D. I feel ‎② —Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?‎ ‎ —Yes, ____, I’m going to visit some homes for the old in the city. ‎ ‎ A. If ever B. If busy ‎ ‎ C. If anything D. If possible ‎6. Although he is one of China’s most famous scientists, Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer, for he works the land to do his research. ‎ ‎ [分析] ‎ ‎ ① 本句是一个主从复合句。‎ ‎ ② 主句是Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer; Although 引导让步 ‎ 状语从句; for在此是连词; 表示原因。 ‎ ‎[句意] ‎ 尽管是中国最著名的科学家之一，袁隆平仍然认为自己是个农民，因为他在田间耕作，进行科学研究。‎ ‎[仿写] 尽管我弟弟学习刻苦, 但是他考试老是不及格，因为他很粗心。 ‎ ‎________________________________, he always fails in exams, ____________________.‎ ‎7. In 1973, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.‎ the first ... to do sth. 第一个做……。动词不定式(to grow rice) 作定语, 修饰the first agricultural pioneer。the first, the last, the second, the only等短语后多用动词不定式作后置定语。‎ ‎[仿写]‎ ‎ ____________________________________________________________ ‎ 公元950年第一个到达新西兰的旅行者是一个叫库佩的人。 ‎ ‎8. Yuan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields. ‎ ‎ [分析]‎ ‎ ① 本句是一个简单句。‎ ‎ ② Yuan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests是句子的主干，“without+动词-ing形式短语”在句中作状语。  ‎ ‎[句意] ‎ 袁隆平要在不增加土地面积的基础上寻求增收稻谷的途径。‎ ‎[仿写] ‎ 她不辞而别。‎ She left ______________________.‎ ‎9. These increased harvests mean that 22% of the world’s people are fed from just 7% of the farmland in the world. ‎ ‎ [分析] ‎ ‎ ① 本句是一个主从复合句。‎ ‎ ② 主句是These increased harvests mean, increased为过去分词作定语, 修饰harvests; that引导的是宾语从句。 ‎ ‎③ “分数或百分数+ of +复数可数名词”结构作主语时, 谓语动词用复数形式; “分数或百分数+ of +不可数名词”结构作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。从句的主语为22% of the world’s people, 故谓语用are。‎ ‎[句意]‎ ‎ 这一粮食产量的增加意味着仅占世界7%的耕地养活了世界上22%的人口。‎ ‎[仿写]‎ ‎ 收集到的资料表明超过20%的野生动物已经在森林里消失。‎ ‎ The collected information shows that more than ___________________ __________________ in the forest.‎ ‎10. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as ‎ before.‎ ‎ 英语中的倍数表达法共有三种形式:‎ ‎ 1) 倍数 + 形容词/副词的比较级 + than...‎ ‎ 2) 倍数 + as +形容词/副词的原级 + as...‎ ‎ 3) 倍数 + the + 名词+ of... ‎ ‎ e.g. This building is five times higher than that one.‎ ‎________________________________________‎ ‎ This building is five times as high as that one.‎ ‎_______________________________________‎ ‎ This building is five times the height of that one. ‎ 这座楼是那座楼的五倍高。‎ Step Ⅱ Exercises I. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示, 写出所缺单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1. We were all _________ (晒黑的) from a day on the beach.‎ ‎2. She’s s________ to bring up a family alone. ‎ ‎3. The measures will enable us to increase our o_____ of bicycles soon. ‎ ‎4. He was down with the flu, and ________ (因此) couldn’t come to the party.‎ ‎5. The d________ problem has been making him hard to sleep every night. ‎ ‎6. In ten years the city’s population e_______ by 12%, which has made the city more crowded.‎ ‎7. Our products are ________ (出口) to Southeast Asia to gain more benefits.‎ ‎8. Blood _________ (循环) in the body until life stops. ‎ ‎ Keys: sunburnt, struggling, output, therefore, disturbing, expanded, exported, circulates II. 根据括号内的提示翻译下列句子。‎ ‎1. 我倒宁愿他告诉了我这件事。(would rather)‎ ‎2. 我们必须除去花园的杂草。(rid ... of)‎ ‎3. 我们必须与各种困难作斗争。(struggle against)‎ ‎4. 卧室是厨房的两倍大。(as ... as)‎ ‎ Keys: I’d rather he had told me about the matter.‎ We have to rid the garden of weeds. ‎ ‎ We must struggle against all sorts of difficulties.‎ The bedroom is twice as big as the kitchen. ‎ Step III Homework Review the language points and difficult sentences we have learned this ‎ class.‎ Grammar Teaching goals 教学目标 ‎1. Target language 目标语言 ‎ a. 词汇和短语 sunburnt, hunger, expand, circulate, struggle, export, output, satisfied, strain, rid ... of, lead a ... life, would rather, thanks to b. 语法 ‎ The -ing form as subject and object.‎ ‎2. Ability goals 能力目标 Enable Ss to master the usage of the words and expressions above and use the -ing form as subject and object correctly and freely.‎ ‎3. Learning ability goals 学能目标 ‎ Help Ss learn how to use these words and expressions freely to express their ideas and use the -ing form as subject and object as they like. They can also practise actively and attentively so that they reach their goals.‎ Teaching important points 教学重点 The usage of the important words and the -ing form used as subject and object.‎ Teaching difficult points 教具难点 How to use the words and expressions and the -ing form freely.‎ Teaching methods 教学方法 Explaining, discussing and practising.‎ Teaching aids 教具准备 A projector and a computer.‎ Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方式 StepⅠ动词ing形式作主语和宾语 一、动词-ing形式作主语 ‎1. 动词-ing形式作主语，表示一般或抽象的习惯性行为，谓语动词用单数。如：‎ ‎ Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language. ‎ ‎ Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit.‎ ‎2. 在一些句子中，常用it作形式主语放在句首，而把真正的主语放到句末。 如：‎ ‎ It is very important remembering others’ names. ‎ ‎ It is no use crying over spilt milk. ‎ 二、动词-ing形式作宾语 ‎1. 有些动词后只能跟动词-ing形式作宾语，而不能跟动词不定式作宾语。有此用法的动词有：allow, advise, admit, appreciate, avoid, bear, consider, delay, deny, enjoy, escape, finish, forbid, imagine, keep, mind, mention, permit, practice, quit, risk, suggest等。如：‎ My mother advised asking a doctor to come and examine my eyes. ‎ We’re considering paying a visit to the Science Museum. ‎ ‎2. 有些动词后既可跟动词-ing形式作宾语, 也可跟动词不定式作宾语, 但用法和意义都有所不同。这些动词是：remember, forget, stop, regret, try, mean等。如：‎ ‎ I remember meeting her at a party once.‎ ‎ I want to try playing soccer this spring.‎ ‎3. 动词-ing形式用在动词need, want, require等后表示“需要”时, 用动词-ing形式的主动形式或者用不定式的被动式表示被动意义。如：‎ ‎ The carpet really wants cleaning. = ‎ ‎ The carpet really wants to be cleaned.‎ ‎4. 动词-ing形式作介词的宾语。要特别注意: be / get used to, look forward to, pay attention to, stick to, devote to等中的to都是介词而不是动词不定式符号。如：‎ ‎ My father is used to going to bed late and getting up very early. ‎ ‎ I’m looking forward to receiving your reply.‎ Step II Exercise 用括号内动词的正确形式完成下面的短文。‎ ‎1. ________ (find) a job in the United States takes specific skills. The following advice will help you find a job there.‎ ‎  ★ Write a good resume (简历). Describe your accomplishments (成绩). Avoid _________ (include) unnecessary information. Your resume should be one page, if possible.‎ ‎★ Find out about available jobs. One way is by _______ (look) in the newspaper or on the Internet. Another way is by networking. Networking means _________ (exchange) information with anyone you know — family, friends, neighbors, classmates, former co-workers, professional groups — who might know of a job. These people might also be able to give you insider information about a company, such as who is in charge and what it is like to work at their company.‎ ‎★ Practice the interview. The more prepared you are, the more relaxed you will feel. If you are worried about ______ (say) or _______ (do) the wrong thing, practice will help. ‎ ‎★ Learn something about the company. Finding information takes time, but it pays off.‎ ‎ You can get help in these skills — writing a resume, networking, preparing for an interview, researching a company ‎ ‎— by_______ (see) a career counselor (顾问). Most high schools and colleges have one who can help you get started.‎ Finding a job is one of the most difficult jobs. Some people send out hundreds of resumes and go to dozens of interviews before finding a job. And it isn’t ‎ something you do just once or twice in your lifetime. For most Americans, ________ (change) jobs many times in a lifetime is not uncommon.‎ Step Ⅳ Practice ‎1. Rewrite the following sentences using the –ing form as the subject.‎ Example: ‎ It is necessary to get water from wet to dry places. ‎ ‎—Getting water from wet to dry places is necessary.‎ ‎1. It is nice to help people in need of help.‎ ‎2. It is not easy to grow super hybrid rice.‎ ‎3. It is not difficult to learn more about farming.‎ ‎4. In the countryside it is not as easy to do research as in the city.‎ ‎5. To get rid of hunger is very important for some African countries.‎ ‎6. It is important to explain this again or we will confuse the students.‎ ‎ Keys: Helping people in need of help is nice.‎ ‎ Growing super hybrid rice is not easy.‎ ‎ Learning more about farming is not difficult.‎ ‎ Doing research in the countryside is not as easy as in the city.‎ ‎ Getting rid of hunger is very important for some African countries.‎ ‎ Explaining this again is important or we will confuse the students.‎ ‎2. Which verbs are followed by–ing? Which by the infinitive? First write doing or to do over the correct group. Then write the verbs in the box in the correct columns and finally practise making at least four sentences with them. ‎ ‎_______‎ ‎ _______‎ both to do and doing manage expect decide seem offer imagine suggest avoid admit practise hate love prefer remember regret Step Ⅴ Homework ‎1. Finish exercise 4 on Page 13. ‎ ‎2. Next time we’ll learn Organic Farming on Page 14. Find some information. ‎ Learning about Language Teaching goals 教学目标 ‎1. Target language 目标语言 disturbing, expand, output, struggle, battles, grain, crops, decade, equip ‎2. Ability goals 能力目标 Enable Ss to master the use of the vocabulary and expressions.‎ ‎3. Learning ability goals 学能目标 Help Ss learn how to enlarge the words and structures.‎ Teaching important and difficult points 教学重难点 How to grasp the words and phrases and be able to use them freely.‎ Teaching methods 教学方法 Show questions and finish all the tasks.‎ Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方法 StepⅠFind the word or phrase from the text for each of these meanings.‎ ‎1. brown (skin) from spending too much time in the sun ‎2. to make something or somebody free of ‎3. to become larger in size, number or amount ‎4. to make information and ideas known to many people ‎5. would prefer to ‎6. to try extremely hard to achieve something ‎7. to send things to foreign countries for sale ‎8. pleased by having what one wants or needs ‎9. to provide with things necessary for a certain purpose ‎10. plants grown in large amounts by farmers ‎11. because of ‎ Keys: sunburnt, rid…of, expand, circulate, would rather, struggle, export,‎ ‎ satisfied with, equip, crop, thanks to StepⅡFind words from the previous pages of this unit to replace the underlined words. You may need to change the words’ forms to fit.‎ ‎1. According to the WHO’s information, about 1.8 million people across the world die each year from diseases caused by unsafe food and water.‎ ‎2. Different kinds of strong corn, another hybrid grain, has been developed by scientists of many different races.‎ ‎3. Not having enough food leads to poor health and, therefore, sickness.‎ ‎4. Over 56 percent of the people in a small Southeast Asian country are in jobs related to agriculture.‎ ‎5. With the open conditions in today’s international business world, hybrid grains can be sold and sent abroad to countries around the world.‎ ‎ Keys: statistics, globe ‎ ‎ super, nationalities ‎ Hunger, disease ‎ Vietnam, occupations ‎ freedom, exported Step Ⅲ Complete the passage with the words below in their proper forms.‎ disturbing expand output struggle battles grain crops decade equip In the past _______, some of the farmers in the west of China have met with some success in the _______ against the __________desert. _________ with new scientific farming methods, they have been able to use less farmland than in the past. Their _______ of _____ and other ______, however, is still the same, which makes it possible for them to use the remaining farmland for planting trees. These and other farmers are starting to win small ______ in the treat war against the ________ growth of the desert.‎ ‎ Keys: decade, struggle, expanding, Equipped, output, grain, crops, battles, disturbing Using Language Teaching goals 教学目标 ‎1. Target language 目标语言 a. 重点词语 ‎ chemical, bacteria, pest, lead to, discovery, nutrition, keep…free from, root b. 重点句型 ‎ With these discoveries, some farmer and many customers are beginning to turn to organic farming.‎ Over the past half century, using chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming.‎ ‎2. Ability goals 能力目标 Enable Ss to master the main idea of the text and know the ways of organizing articles.‎ ‎3. Learning ability goals 学能目标 Help Ss learn how to enlarge the words and structures of the same topic.‎ Teaching important and difficult points 教学重难点 ‎1. How to grasp the main idea of the passage.‎ ‎2. How to grasp the words and phrases and be able to use them freely.‎ Teaching methods 教学方法 Show questions, read fast, find the main ideas, and then read carefully and finish all the tasks.‎ Teaching aids 教学准备 A recorder and a projector.‎ Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方法 StepⅠLook at the pictures.‎ What is the substance we put on the soil which makes crops grow?‎ How many kinds of fertilizers do farmers use? ‎ Which kind do farmers use when they are doing organic farming?‎ Do you know about organic farming? ‎ StepⅡReading ‎1. Scan the passage and get the main idea.‎ Chemical fertilizers can cause many problems, so organic farming is becoming more popular.‎ ‎2. Answer the following questions after read the passage.‎ ‎1) Why are chemical fertilizers so popular in farming today?‎ ‎ 2) What problems can be caused by using chemical fertilizers?‎ ‎ 3) What is organic farming? ‎ ‎ 4) What is the main reason for using organic farming methods? ‎ ‎ Keys: 1) They are a great way to stop crop disease and increase production.‎ ‎ 2) They can damage the land by killing helpful bacteria and pests and by staying in the ground and underground water for a long time. They damage people’s health by building up in their bodies and leading to cancer or other illnesses.‎ ‎ 3) Organic farming means growing crops without using any chemicals.‎ ‎ 4) The main reason for using organic farming methods is to grow good food and to avoid damaging the environment or people’s health. ‎ ‎3. Read the passage carefully and fill in the blanks.‎ Chemical ‎ Farming Advantages Stopping crop disease and ‎ increase __________‎ Chemical ‎ Farming Disadvantages Damaging the land: ‎ Killing the helpful ______ Damaging people’s health:◆Many chemicals in the food supply can lead to cancer or other illnesses.◆Food grows too fast to be full of much ________.‎ Organic ‎ farming ‎____‎ To grow good food and avoid damaging the environment or people’s health Organic ‎ farming Methods ‎◆Using ______ waste from animals as fertilizer ‎◆Changing _________ in each field every few years◆ Using _________ of soil to plant crops◆ Planting _____ between crops Step Ⅲ Project Persuade farmers to grow the crops by organic farming with the knowledge learnt. ‎ What is organic farming? ‎ What fertilizer should they use? Why? ‎ How to plant the different crops? ‎ ‎...‎ Step Ⅳ Language points ‎1. Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer...‎ ‎ 阅读下列句子, 注意lead to的意思和用法。‎ ‎ 1) His carelessness led to the accident.‎ ‎ 2) This test is obviously bad because it leads to incorrect learning.‎ ‎ 3) Too much work and too little rest often leads to illness.‎ ‎[自我归纳] ‎ lead to意为“_________________”, 后多跟名词或代词。‎ ‎[联想] ‎ result in引起(某种结果)、使获得(某种成果)、结果…… 如：‎ The accident resulted in two deaths.‎ result from 由……造成、因……而产生如：Sickness sometimes results from eating too much.‎ ‎[即学即练] ‎ 用lead to的适当形式完成句子。‎ ‎1) Students should always remember that hard work is the main way which ‎ _______ success.‎ ‎2) The bad weather _____ a terrible accident a few days ago.‎ ‎2. They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.‎ ‎ 根据语境推断focus在下列句子中的含义, 并从a-d中找出与每句话中的focus相符合的英文释义。‎ ‎1) The focus of the meeting changed from population growth to the education of women.‎ ‎2) Bring the object into focus if you want a clear photograph. ‎ ‎3) She tried to focus her mind on her work.‎ ‎4) She turned the camera and focused on Martin’s face.‎ a. the thing, person, situation, etc. that people pay special attention to b. a point or distance at which the outline of an object is clearly seen by the eye or through a lens c. to point a camera at something, and change the controls slightly so that you can see that thing clearly ‎ d. to give special attention to one particular person or thing, or to make people do this focus n. 焦点、中心点 ‎ v. 集中、聚焦 focus on 集中(注意力、精力等)于 ‎[翻译]‎ ‎1) Because of his strange clothes, he immediately became the focus of ‎ ‎2) Focus your camera on those trees.‎ ‎3) I’m so tired that I can’t focus on anything today.‎ ‎3. This also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from chemicals.‎ ‎ keep … free from 远离，避免 keep free from emotional reactions 避免激动的反应 keep free from restrictions ‎ 避免受到限制 ‎ ‎4. Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil, making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil. ‎ ‎[分析] ‎ ‎①本句结构比较复杂。其主干结构为: 主句(Crops put important minerals back into the soil) + 状语(making it ready for crops)。‎ ‎②状语中又包含“make + it + 形容词”结构和由that引导的定语从句(that need rich and fertile soil)。 ‎ ‎5. Some organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops to prevent wind or water from carrying away the soil, and then leaving it in the ground to become a natural fertilizer for the next year’s crop. ‎ ‎ [分析]‎ ‎ ①本句的主干结构是一个简单句, 其结构是: 主语(farmers) + 谓语(prefer) + 并列宾语(planting ... + leaving ...)。‎ ‎②其中between crops和in the ground作地点状语。‎ ‎③两个宾语后面又分别带有一个不定式作目的状语(to prevent wind or water from carrying away the soil 和 to become a natural fertilizer for the next year’s crop)。‎ Step Ⅴ Listening ‎1. What is the main topic of the conversation?‎ The possible bad effects of chemical fertilizers on the fruit and vegetables that we eat today. ‎ ‎2. Listen to the dialogue a second time. Decide if the following statement are true or false. ‎ ‎ 1) Paul thinks that Carrie is not telling him the truth.‎ ‎2) Using chemical fertilizers always makes vegetables empty inside.‎ ‎3) Today’s fruit is not as healthy for people as fruit fifty years ago.‎ ‎ 4) Eating more vegetables might not always be good for us.‎ ‎5) All of today’s vegetables look healthy but in fact are not.‎ ‎ Keys: T, F, T, F, T Step Ⅵ Homework Write a summary of this passage following the procedure.‎ Step 1: Skim the passage to find its main idea. Write it down in your own words.‎ Step 2: Find and underline the topic sentence of each paragraph. Rewrite each topic sentence, using your own words. Do not copy from the passage!‎ Step 3: Write your summary. First sate the main idea of the passage and then the topics covered by each paragraph. Remember, use your own words!‎ Speaking and Writing StepⅠMaking a Dialogue (Pair work)‎ Situation:‎ You are a farmer and your partner is the customer, who doesn’t know much about the green food. ‎ You are persuading the customer to buy your “green food” that is healthy and safe but more expensive.‎ Farmer Customer It’s better to …‎ This is good value because… ‎ The advantages are…‎ It’s more expensive but…You’ll taste the difference when… ‎ It’s a great pity that…‎ I’d prefer…because…‎ I don’t like… because…If I have a choice I’ll choose…What’s the advantage of…? ‎ I’d rather…‎ For example:‎ Farmer: Good morning! ‎ Would you like some…?‎ Customer: Hmm… They are a little expensive! What is the advantage of …?‎ Farmer: The advantages are…‎ StepⅡTalk Show Mark is persuading Joan to have organic food.‎ ‎(Mark = M; Joan = J)‎ M: Would you like to have some ice-cream? I’ve got a variety of flavors for you to choose from. I’ve got strawberry, peach, chocolate, coffee and vanilla.‎ J: Oh, no. I am on a diet. You know, I am putting on weight. ‎ M: But you should not be too hard on you.‎ J: If I have a choice, I’d choose to have good food because I want to enjoy a good life.‎ M: May I suggest you have organic food?‎ J: It is a pity that I have no idea of it. What is organic food?‎ M: Organic food is generally named for the uncontaminated (未受污染的), safe, high-quality and full-of-nutrients food.‎ J: It sounds interesting. I’d prefer organic food because it is healthy. But how to identify organic food?‎ M: “Green Food” label is printed on all the packages of organic food.‎ J: Is it expensive?‎ M: It’s more expensive but it is good for your health.‎ J: OK, I’ll try to have some from now on.‎ Step Ⅲ Guided Writing ‎1. 如何创作海报 ‎ 海报写作属于应用文写作。海报是一种宣传广告，其内容是向广大群众提供活动信息、介绍产品或说服别人等。‎ ‎2. 写作时应注意以下几点：‎ ‎1) 注意海报的格式。‎ ‎2) 海报内容应条理分明，使读者一目了然。‎ ‎3) 海报语言应清晰、简练、重点突出，尽量使用省略句，力求简洁生动。‎ ‎4) 版面要新颖、美观，可采用不同的字体和颜色，还可以插图，形式活泼多样。‎ ‎3. 海报通常包括标题、正文和结尾三个部分。‎ ‎1) 标题介绍主要信息。‎ ‎2) 正文提供更多有关的信息，并提供选择或推荐的理由。‎ ‎3) 结尾总结海报内容。‎ ‎4. 语言积累 organic food in eco-friendly packaging environmental benefits of eating organic foods Vitamins, minerals completely natural, whole nutrition no artificial colors & preservatives promote efficient digestion ‎ ‎5. 学以致用 请写一份海报，劝说别人购买绿色蔬菜。海报应包含以下内容：‎ u 题目: 来这儿买最好的蔬菜！‎ u 理由: 价格合理; 新鲜; 富含维生素; 安全; ‎ ‎ 远离化肥; 在远离工业区的地方种植。‎ u 结论: 有机种植方式培育的绿色食品, 有益于身体健康。‎ ‎6. 参考范文 Buy the best vegetables here!‎ ‎ Have you had any organic vegetables? They are healthy and green. Please come here and have a taste. Organic vegetables are on sale.‎ Good reasons to buy:‎ ‎ ◆reasonable price ‎ ‎ ◆fresh ‎ ‎ ◆rich in vitamins ‎ ‎ ◆safe ‎ ◆free of fertilizer ‎ ‎ ◆grow away from industrial areas ‎ ‎ Grown by organic farming methods, the vegetables here have all the advantages of “green food”, which of course can help you to keep healthy.‎ Step Ⅳ Homework Now you work for a green food company. ‎ Your boss asks you to design a poster for advertising the safety and importance of eating “green food”. ‎