2019届一轮复习外研版必修五Module1BritishandAmericanEnglish

2019届一轮复习外研版必修五Module1BritishandAmericanEnglish

‎2019届一轮复习外研版必修五 Module 1British and American English单元学案设计 ‎【课前预习】‎ Ⅰ.情景默写 ‎1.The man who thought of combining(结合) a gas engine with wheels was the inventor of the automobiles.‎ ‎2.Many peasants go to the south in attempts(尝试) to make money.‎ ‎3.He simplified(简化) the story so that the children could understand better.‎ ‎4.The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities has been rising steadily(持续地) since 1990.‎ ‎5.As the famous expert remarks(谈论)，the secret of happiness is to think about positive things and stay optimistic.‎ ‎6.Comparing(比较) Tom with other athletes，you will find that Tom has the perfect body shape for a swimmer.‎ ‎7.It is obvious(显而易见的) that she is very clever because she can work out such a difficult problem.‎ ‎8.Her letter was so confusing(令人困惑的) that I could hardly make any sense of it.‎ ‎9.All varieties(种类) of goods for daily use are available in the shopping mall.‎ ‎10.Chinese differs(不同)greatly from Japanese in pronunciation.‎ ‎11.All the people present(在场的) were all quite satisfied with his performance.‎ ‎12.They are now in great need of help.So your support will certainly make a difference(产生重大影响).‎ ‎13.It is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to(导致)a stronger，more prosperous economy.‎ ‎14.The professor could hardly find enough grounds on which to base his arguments in favour of(支持)the new theory.‎ ‎15.Thanks to(多亏)modern science and technology，people lead a more and more comfortable and richer life.‎ Ⅱ.词性转换 ‎1.The confused look on her face showed she was confused by the confusing question.(confuse)‎ ‎2.From the appearance，we can not tell the differences between the twins，though they always have some different ideas.As for this phenomenon，ideas differ among many people.(differ)‎ ‎3.He made simple remarks on her remarkable achievements.(remark)‎ ‎4.After he was criticised by the critic，he realized that criticism was very important.(criticise)‎ ‎5.The book explains grammar simply and clearly，because the author used simple example sentences to simplify abstract concepts.(simple)‎ ‎1.句型公式：while作并列连词，表对比，意为“而，却”‎ ‎2017年夏天，东南部雨量充足，而西北部则很少下雨。‎ In the summer of 2017，there’s plenty of rain in the southeast, while there’s little in the northwest.‎ ‎2.句型公式：have difficulty (in) doing sth做某事有困难 你通过2019年高考有困难吗？‎ Do you have any difficulty (in) passing the College Entrance Examination of 2019?‎ ‎3.句型公式：make＋it＋adj.＋for sb to do sth使某人做某事……(it为形式宾语)‎ 两个人之间的误解使得他们很难交流。‎ The misunderstanding between the two made it difficult for them to communicate with each other.‎ ‎4.句型公式：v.－ing短语作结果状语 热带风暴纳沙于2017年7月袭击了福建，给福州造成了重大损失。‎ Tropical Storm Nesat hit Fujian in July 2017, causing great damage to Fuzhou.‎ 第一板块 核心词汇 ‎1.confusing adj.令人困惑的；难懂的 高考必刷题练透 单句语法填空/句式升级 ‎①I always confuse you with your sister.You are so alike.‎ ‎②We can conclude from his confused(confuse)look that he is confused(confuse) about this confusing(confuse) problem.‎ ‎③A smile may show love or politeness.However，sometimes it can also cause confusion(confuse) across cultures.‎ ‎④He was confused with the present situation so he didn’t know what to do next.‎ ‎→Confused with the present situation，he didn’t know what to do next.(过去分词短语作原因状语)‎ 状元笔记全记牢 ‎(1)confuse vt.　　　　使困惑；使难于理解 confuse A with/and B 把A与B弄混 ‎(2)confused adj. 感到困惑的；感到难懂的 ‎(3)confusion n. 困惑；混乱；混淆 in confusion 困惑地；困窘地 ‎2.compare v.比较，比喻，对照 n.比较，对照 高考必刷题练透 单句语法填空/单句改错/句式升级 ‎①A teacher is often compared to a candle.That’s because their devotion to work is beyond compare.‎ ‎②Film has a much shorter history，especially when comparing with such art forms as music and painting.comparing→compared ‎③If you compare her work with his work，you’ll find hers is much better.‎ ‎→Compared to/with his work，you’ll find her work is much better.(过去分词短语作状语)‎ ‎→Comparing her work with his work，you’ll find hers is much better.(现在分词短语作状语)‎ 状元笔记全记牢 ‎(1)compare...with...　　　和……比较 compare...to... 把……比作……‎ compared to/with 与……相比 ‎(2)beyond/without compare 无与伦比 ‎3.differ vi.不同，有区别 高考必刷题练透 单句语法填空/单句改错/一句多译 ‎①People differ from one another in their ability to handle stress.‎ ‎②This picture is different from that one.Compare them and tell the difference between them.(differ)‎ ‎③Walking an hour every day has made big difference to my health.(2018·河北衡水中学模拟)在made后加a ‎►美国人和中国人在时间的处理上非常不一样。‎ ‎④There are many differences between Americans and Chinese in managing time.(difference)‎ ‎⑤Americans and Chinese differ greatly in managing time.(differ in)‎ ‎⑥Americans differ from Chinese greatly in managing time.(differ from)‎ ‎⑦Americans are very different from Chinese in managing time.(different)‎ 状元笔记全记牢 ‎(1)differ from　　　与……不同 differ in 在……方面不同 differ with sb about/on sth 关于某事与某人意见不同 ‎(2)difference n. 不同；区别 make a/no/little difference (to...) (对……)有/无/几乎无影响 tell the difference between...and ... 分辨……与……的不同 ‎(3)different adj. 不同的；相异的 be different from/to 与……不同 be different in 在……方面不同 ‎4.present n.现在，目前；礼物 v.赠送，呈献 adj.出席的，在场的；现在的，当前的 高考必刷题练透 写出下列句中present的词性及含义/完成句子 ‎①The company presented a medal to him on the day when he retired.v.赠予 ‎②The present situation is taking a turn for the better.adj.当前的 ‎③All the people present at the party were his supporters.(北京卷)adj.出席的 ‎④I was extremely interested in the ideas he presented in class.(北京卷)vt.陈述；提出 ‎⑤At present(现在), more and more people are enjoying Sing! China.‎ ‎⑥I’ll leave my bicycle behind.I don’t need it for the present(暂时).‎ 状元笔记全记牢 ‎(1)present sb with sth＝present sth to sb把某物赠给某人 ‎(2)be present at... 出席……‎ at present 现在，目前 ‎(3)for the present 眼前；暂时 ‎【点津】‎ present用作形容词，表示“在场的”时，通常作表语或后置定语；表示“现在的”时常作前置定语。‎ ‎5.attempt vt.(常与不定式连用) 企图，尝试 n.努力，尝试 高考必刷题练透 单句语法填空/单句改错/一句多译 ‎①He was as proud as a peacock when he passed his driving test at the first attempt.‎ ‎②The plan was so impractical that no attempt made to realize it.在made前加was ‎►他们企图逃跑但是被警察抓住了。‎ ‎③They attempted to escape/at escaping but were caught by the police.(attempt v.)‎ ‎④They made an attempt to escape/at escaping but were caught by the police.(attempt n.)‎ 状元笔记全记牢 ‎(1)attempt to do sth/at doing sth尝试或努力做某事 ‎(2)make an attempt at doing/to do sth 尝试或努力做某事 at one’s first attempt 第一次尝试 ‎6.have...in common在……方面有相同之处 高考必刷题练透 根据汉语提示完成片段 Judging from common sense/knowledge(常识)，in common with(与……一样) other twins，Lucy should have a lot in common with(与……有很多共同之处) her twin sister Lily in hobbies，but their parents said they had little in common with(与……很少有共同之处) each other，which surprised all of us.‎ 状元笔记全记牢 ‎(1)have a lot/much/a great deal/nothing/little in common with...与……有很多/没有/很少共同之处 in common with...　与……一样 ‎(2)common sense 常识；情理 ‎7.lead to引起，导致；通向 高考必刷题练透 单句语法填空/词汇升级 ‎①A lack of confidence can lead to a lot of suffering.‎ ‎②Her constant lying led me to distrust(distrust) everything she said.‎ ‎③I make them practice speaking English in an interesting way.‎ ‎→I lead them to practice speaking English in an interesting way.‎ 状元笔记全记牢 ‎(1)lead sb to＋n.　带领某人到……；使某人得出(观点)‎ lead sb to do sth 使某人做某事 ‎(2)lead a...life 过着……的生活 lead the way 领路；引路 ‎【点津】‎ lead to中的to为介词，后接名词、代词或v.－ing形式。‎ 第二板块 经典句式 ‎8.have difficulty (in) doing sth做某事有困难 高考必刷题练透 单句语法填空/单句改错/句式升级 ‎①—Did you have difficulty finding(find) Ann’s house?‎ ‎—Not really.She had given us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.(2015·北京卷)‎ ‎②For me，there is no trouble finishing(finish)the task in two days.‎ ‎③I had a hard time finish the task while he was on the contrary.finish→finishing ‎④You can hardly imagine the difficulty.I had great difficulty in looking ‎ after these noisy children.‎ ‎→You can hardly imagine the great difficulty I had in looking after these noisy children.(定语从句)‎ 状元笔记全记牢 have difficulty (in) doing sth其中difficulty 为不可数名词，difficulty前可用some，any，no，little等词来修饰。表示“做某事(没)有困难”的其它结构：‎ ‎(1)have difficulty with sth ‎(2)have trouble/problems with sth/in doing sth ‎(3)have a hard time (in) doing sth ‎(4)There’s difficulty/trouble with sth/in doing sth ‎【点津】‎ 在语法填空中，常将have difficulty doing sth句式中的difficulty提前作先行词，因此定语从句中have后常为 doing形式。‎ Ⅰ.课文语法填空 British English 1.differs(difference) from American English in many ways.The most obvious way is in the vocabulary.Sometimes，the same word has a 2.slightly(slight) different meaning，which can be 3.confusing (confuse).Besides，there are some differences in grammar，spelling and pronunciation between the two varieties，4.which sometimes makes people from different places have 5.difficulty(difficult) in understanding ‎ each other.Despite the differences，they still have much 6.in common，and communications across the Atlantic 7.have developed(develop) steadily which has led to them 8.moving(move)closer.Though there seems to be many “Englishes” and people speak English with different 9.accents(accent)，users of English will all be able to understand each other，10.wherever they are.‎ Ⅱ.课文短文改错 Noah Webster，a teacher who graduated from Yale University in 1778，once fight against the British in the American War of Independence.He felt that writing English in the newly independent United States should have distinctive “American” look.‎ His first book，The Elementary Spelling Book，suggested simplify the spelling of English words.The book was extreme popular.By the 1850s it was selling one million copies a year，making them one of the most popular school books ever.‎ What’s more，Webster is most known for his American Dictionary of the English Language，which first was appeared in 1828.Today，it was still the number one dictionaries for American students.‎ 答案　‎ Noah Webster，a teacher who graduated from Yale University in 1778，once against the British in the American War of ‎ Independence.He felt that English in the newly independent United States should have distinctive “American” look.‎ His first book，The Elementary Spelling Book，suggested the spelling of English words.The book was popular.By the 1850s it was selling one million copies a year，making one of the most popular school books ever.‎ What’s more，Webster is known for his American Dictionary of the English Language，which first appeared in 1828.Today，it still the number one for American students.‎ Ⅲ.教材与写作 假设你是李华，在大学英语专业学习，不知道该选择学习英式英语还是美式英语。请你给你的外国朋友Jack写信征求建议。‎ 要点：1.你的困惑； 2.征求建议。‎ 注意：1.请根据以上提示写一篇50词左右的短文；‎ ‎2.尽量使用本模块的知识点； ‎ ‎3.可适当增加细节。‎ ‎【参考范文】‎ Dear Jack，‎ I’m majoring in English now，which is my favourite ‎ subject.However，I’m confused about the choice of British English or American English.I really have difficulty making a decision.Does it make a difference whether one speaks British English or American English? Don’t they have a lot in common? Which are you in favour of? Would you give me some advice with reference to this problem?‎ Looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua A ‎(2018·新疆普通高考第二次适应性检测)‎ A Way to Make Your Old，Slow Computer Like－New Again Is your computer painfully slow? Have you considered buying a new faster computer but the price of even a basic one discourages you? Well，fortunately，there’s a new device that has recently hit the market and it’s absolutely giving old，slow computers lightning－fast speed again.The clever new device is saving people hundreds (even thousands) but the big computer companies aren’t happy about it!‎ ‎*What Is It?‎ It’s called Xtra－PC and if you have an old，slow computer，it is exactly what you’ve been waiting for.‎ Xtra－PC is a small thumb drive you simply plug into your computer’s USB port and it instantly transforms your old computer to a like－new one.It works with any computer (Mac or Windows) laptop，desktop，and netbooks made in 2004 or later.‎ ‎*How Does It Work?‎ Super easy! All you have to do is...‎ ‎*Plug It In—Simply plug Xtra－PC into a USB port while your computer is turned off.‎ ‎*Turn Your Computer On—Select boot from USB and bingo，you’re good to go.‎ ‎*Enjoy the New PC—In less than 15 minutes，you’ll be shocked at the difference in the performance of your computer.‎ ‎*What Can I Do with My Like－New Computer?‎ ‎*Surf the web ‎*Share on social media ‎*Write emails ‎*Watch videos ‎*Play games ‎*Safely shop online ‎*And more!‎ ‎*How Much Is This Going to Cost Me?‎ This is not a joke.Xtra－PC is only $24.99! And they offer a 30－day money back guarantee.There honestly is no good reason not to try Xtra－PC.‎ You can get Xtra－PC direct from the company’s website.Make sure to buy it from the official site as there are many knockoffs on the market today.‎ ‎【语篇导读】　本文主要介绍了一款让老而慢的电脑焕然一新的设备。‎ ‎1.The big computer companies are unhappy with Xtra－PC mainly because .‎ A.people will never buy any computer B.it will probably affect their profits C.it makes computers faster and more affordable D.it’s a new type of computer with creative design 答案　B　[推理判断题。根据第一部分的最后一句可推知，这个新设备会使人们省钱，但会影响大型电脑公司的利润，故选B。]‎ ‎2.Which of the following is true about Xtra－PC?‎ A.You should turn on your computer when plugging it in.‎ B.You should return it over a month to get your money back.‎ C.You can use it to change any old computer into a new one.‎ D.You can improve the performance of your old computer with it.‎ 答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第一段的第三句可知，有了这个新设备，老电脑的运行速度能大大加快，与文中的“...be shocked at the difference in the performance of your computer.”呼应，故选D。]‎ ‎3.The underlined word “knockoffs” in the last paragraph probably means .‎ A.cheap copies of a well－known product B.illegal websites that cheat people C.false messages on the Internet D.companies with a bad reputation 答案　A　[词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可推知，要去官网买此设备，因为市场上有许多廉价仿冒品，故选A。]‎ ‎4.The main purpose of the passage is to .‎ A.tell readers how to speed up your computer B.encourage readers to buy a new device C.introduce a new invention to readers D.explain to readers how Xtra－PC works 答案　C　[写作意图题。根据本文的整体内容可知，本文主要介绍了一款可以使老电脑焕然一新的设备，由此可推知，本文主要是向读者推荐这款新产品，故选C。]‎ B ‎(2018·贵州普通高等学校招生适应性考试)‎ When I was in college，I spent a semester studying abroad at the ‎ University of Strathclyde in Glasgow，Scotland.In my brief time there，I came to love Scotland for its local culture，food and scenery.‎ You might think，“Scotland isn’t so different from the U.S.；they still speak English there！”But when I stepped off the plane，I was greeted by a gruff－voiced(声音粗哑的) lady at customs.“You’ll be coming from America，then？”She asked me，and I nodded.“But all of our guys are leaving Glasgow for the States！”Her thick Scottish English and sense of humor were obvious right away.I was not in the U.S.any more，where customs agents never joke around.‎ As I settled in at the university，I could feel myself getting used to hearing—and even speaking—the Scottish English of my customs agent.In classroom discussions，people would say “em” when they couldn’t think of what to say instead of “um”，which was great fun.After the first few weeks，I stopped chuckling about this.Strathclyde students stayed up late into the night，running around campus and shouting，“Go！Lat’s go，lat’s go，lat’s go (curse word) Glasgow！”Pretty soon，I was no longer saying“thanks”at the supermarket—instead，I said “cheers”.‎ My Scottish friends drank whiskey and ate haggis(羊杂碎布丁).I drank plenty of whiskey but I was ashamed to admit that I wasn’t brave enough to try haggis.Scottish bakeries usually sell bridies(肉馅饼).Add a cup of tea—though I usually Americanized it by choosing coffee instead—and a bridie makes for a delicious breakfast.‎ Every time I took a train anywhere in Scotland，I’d gaze out at the rolling hills and wonder if grass was greener than anywhere else in the world.Then I’d reflect that there’s a reason this country was the birthplace of golf.‎ ‎【语篇导读】　本文介绍了“我”在苏格兰学习期间的体验：居民友好，食物独特，景色优美，苏格兰英语与美式英语有区别。‎ ‎5.What did the author think of the lady at customs?　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ A.Impolite. B.Friendly.‎ C.Serious. D.Calm.‎ 答案　B　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的最后两句可知，作者认为她的苏格兰英语和幽默用得恰到好处，而美国的海关工作人员却从来不跟人开玩笑；据此可推断，作者认为这位在海关工作的女士是友好的，故B项正确。]‎ ‎6.What does the underlined word “chuckling” in Paragraph 3 mean?‎ A.Talking loudly. B.Comparing.‎ C.Laughing quietly. D.Hearing.‎ 答案　C　[词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“In classroom...about this.”并结合“Pretty soon，I...said ‘cheers’.”可推知，在教室讨论时，“我”发现他们的发音很有趣。几周后，“我”适应了他们的发音，所以不再偷笑。故画线词意为“偷笑”，C项正确。]‎ ‎7.What is the author’s purpose of writing the text?‎ A.To explain why Scotland is famous for golf.‎ B.To promote the development of Scottish catering trade.‎ C.To introduce different pronunciations of “em” and “um”.‎ D.To share his experiences in Scotland as an exchange student.‎ 答案　D　[写作意图题。通读全文并结合第一段中的“In my brief time there，I came to love Scotland for its local culture，food and scenery.”可知，本文旨在和读者分享“我”在苏格兰做交换生期间所感受到的苏格兰文化、美食和美景，故D项正确。]‎ C ‎(2018·重庆调研推测二)As the world becomes more connected，the number of people living outside their home country is on the rise.To find out what makes expats(移民) happy in their new hometown，the global community network InterNations recently conducted their annual Expat Insider survey.‎ In Malta，warm weather and nearness to Europe are the big draws for this Mediterranean nation.The climate leads to a slower pace of life.‎ ‎“Some shops have a ‘siesta’ early in the afternoon，and many people notice slow service at the restaurants，” said an InterNations Consul from Rome.“I remember sitting at a table around 8 p.m.once and leaving at midnight! We only had a starter and one main.”‎ In Ecuador，friendly people，affordable healthcare and tasty，cheap food are just a few reasons as to why expats love living in Ecuador.Plus，the country’s diverse cities give expats a lot of choices.‎ ‎“The beauty of Ecuador is the variety，” said an InterNations ambassador.“The people who come to retire in Ecuador often look for a lower cost of living，so the coastline，the southern part of Ecuador and Ambato will fit this type of expat.In the case of business－minded or outgoing expats，Quito，Guayaquil and Cuenca are the cities to live in.” The bigger cities do come at a cost，he warned，with higher prices for rent and eating out.‎ In New Zealand，the country’s natural beauty draws people from across the world，and with easy access to both cities and beaches，expats usually adopt the local relaxed lifestyle.‎ An InterNations Ambassador from Hong Kong notes that a typical Kiwi works 8：30 a.m.to 5 p.m.，never overtime，and enjoys meals and weekend activities，like house parties，road trips or hiking，with their family.‎ ‎【语篇导读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项目的在于弄清是什么使移民人士在新家乡感到快乐的调查研究。‎ ‎8.What is InterNations’ survey for?‎ A.To study why the number of expats is on the rise.‎ B.To make clear what the exact number of expats is.‎ C.To look into how expats adopted their new hometown.‎ D.To discover what pleases expats in their adopted countries.‎ 答案　D　‎ ‎[细节理解题。由第一段第二句可知，InterNations的调查是为了弄清楚是什么令移民人士对他们移民的国家感到满意。故选D。]‎ ‎9.What does the underlined word “siesta” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?‎ A.Sale. B.Break.‎ C.Promotion. D.Exhibition.‎ 答案　B　[词义猜测题。由上文中的“slower pace of life”可知，这些地方的生活节奏很慢，饭店的服务也很慢，由此可推知，商店在下午早早就打烊了。“siesta”应意为“休息”，与B项意思最为接近。故选B。]‎ ‎10.What do we know about the expats to Ecuador?‎ A.Rich expats would like to live in Ambato.‎ B.All the expats love the lower cost of living.‎ C.Outgoing expats are likely to choose Cuenca.‎ D.The bigger cities are the best choices for poor expats.‎ 答案　C　[细节理解题。由第五段第三句可知，性格外向的移民可能会选择昆卡作为定居的城市。故选C。]‎ ‎11.Expats choose New Zealand because of its .‎ A.special climate B.typical animals C.natural beauty D.fast pace of life 答案　C　[细节理解题。由第六段可知，移民选择新西兰主要是因为它的自然美景。故选C。]‎