山东省潍坊一中2019-2020学年高二下学期选修七英语试题

山东省潍坊一中2019-2020学年高二下学期选修七英语试题

山东省潍坊一中2019-2020学年下学期高二选修七 英语试题 第一部分 阅读 (共两节，满分 40 分)‎ 第一节（共 12 小题； 每一小题 2.5 分，满分 30 分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选 项涂黑。‎ A When I was in fourth grade, I worked part-time as a paperboy. Mrs. Stanley was one of my customers. She’d watch me coming down her street, and by the time I’d biked up to her doorstep, there’d be a cold drink waiting. I’d sit and drink while she talked.‎ Mrs. Stanley talked mostly about her dead husband, “Mr. Stanley and I went shopping this morning.” she’d say. The first time she said that, soda(汽水) went up my nose.‎ I told my father how Mrs. Stanley talked as if Mr. Stanley were still alive. Dad said she was probably lonely, and that I ought to sit and listen and nod my head and smile, and maybe she’d work it out of her system. So that’s what I did, and it turned out Dad was right. After a while she seemed content to leave her husband over at the cemetery(墓地).‎ I finally quit delivering newspapers and didn’t see Mrs. Stanley for several years. Then we crossed paths at a church fund-raiser(募捐活动). She was spooning mashed potatoes and looking happy. Four years before, she’d had to offer her paperboy a drink to have someone to talk with. Now she had friends. Her husband was gone, but life went on.‎ I live in the city now, and my paperboy is a lady named Edna with three kids. She asks me how I’m doing. When I don’t say “fine”, she sticks around to hear my problems. She’s lived in the city most of her life, but she knows about community. Community isn’t so much a place as it is a state of mind. You find it whenever people ask how you’re doing because they care, and not because they’re getting paid to do so. Sometimes it’s good to just smile, nod your head and listen.‎ ‎1. Why did soda go up the author’s nose one time?‎ A. He was talking fast. B. He was shocked.‎ C. He was in a hurry. D. He was absent-minded.‎ ‎2. Why did the author sit and listen to Mrs. Stanley according to Paragraph 3?‎ A. He enjoyed the drink. B. He wanted to be helpful.‎ C. He took the chance to rest. D. He tried to please his dad.‎ ‎3. Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “work it out of her system”?‎ A. recover from her sadness B. move out of the neighborhood C. turn to her old friends D. speak out about her past ‎4. What does the author think people in a community should do?‎ A. Open up to others. B. Depend on each other.‎ C. Pay for other’s help D. Care about one another.‎ ‎【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A 4. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述的是作者曾经是一个报童，他听从父亲的建议，关心一位丧偶的顾客Mrs. Stanley，每次去Mrs. Stanley家送报都会停留一会儿倾听她的故事。而作者多年后又被自家的报童关心着。由此作者感悟到社区邻里之间应多互相关心。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段中Mrs. Stanley talked mostly about her dead husband, “Mr. Stanley and I went shopping this morning,” she’d say. The first time she said that, soda (汽水) went up my nose.可推测，作者第一次听到Mrs. Stanley一直谈死去的丈夫时，汽水喝呛了，可以推断出作者当时极为震惊的。故选B。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段中Dad said she was probably lonely, and that I ought to sit and listen and nod my head and smile可知，爸爸说她很孤独，作者应该倾听她说话，并点头微笑，因此推断作者倾听Mrs. Stanley说话是为了消除她的孤独，对她有帮助。故选B。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 短语猜测题。根据第三段最后一句After a while she seemed content to leave her husband over at the cemetery(墓地).可知，Mrs. Stanley看来已从失去丈夫的悲痛中走了出来，说明画线部分描述的是：她可能“消除自己的悲伤情绪，从悲伤中走出来了”。故选A。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段You find it whenever people ask how you’re doing because they care,以及作者的经历，作者想要表明的观点是社区邻里间应该互相关心。故选D。‎ B Sometimes we may find that every week there are a lot of new stories about how climate change is affecting the planet, or new plans to battle its effects. But the concept itself isn’t new at all — in fact, scientists have been exploring questions about climate change for almost 200 years.‎ The idea of “greenhouse gases” goes back to 1824, when Joseph Fourier wondered what was regulating the earth’s temperature. Fourier concluded that the atmosphere must be responsible for containing the heat absorbed from the sun and described it as a box with a glass lid: As light shines through the glass, the inside gets warmer as the lid traps the heat. As Fourier’s ideas spread, it came to be called “the greenhouse effect”.‎ Scientists continued to study the greenhouse effect. Not until a Swedish chemist named Svante Arrhenius came along, did scientists understand how global warming actually works. After years of work, Arrhenius determined that the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere did in fact have a direct effect on global temperatures.‎ Arrhenius found that CO2, and other gases trap radiation, which warms the atmosphere. Arrhenius was the first to suspect that burning coal could contribute to the greenhouse effect. But Arrhenius welcomed the warming effect on the planet. At a lecture later that year, Arrhenius noted that creatures of a warmer earth “might live under a milder sky and in less barren surroundings”.‎ While Arrhenius’ findings won him the 1903 Nobel Prize in chemistry, scientists kept debating whether the greenhouse effect was increasing until 1950, when researchers finally began to find strong data supporting it. By the end of the 1950s, American scientists had been sounding the alarm on the long-term consequences of climate change. Climate change research has come a long way since Fourier first described the greenhouse effect - still, maybe Arrhenius should have been more careful of what he wished for.‎ ‎5. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A. The climate change. B. The greenhouse effect.‎ C. The atmosphere. D. The heat from the sun.‎ ‎6. What did Arrhenius think of the greenhouse effect?‎ A. It was beneficial for creatures on the earth.‎ B. It had both advantages and disadvantages.‎ C. It did more harm than good to human beings.‎ D. It was a punishment for human harmful activities.‎ ‎7. What’s the author’s attitude towards Arrhenius’ wish?‎ A. Optimistic. B. Negative.‎ C. Neutral. D. Ambiguous.‎ ‎8. What’s the main idea of the text?‎ A. Causes of climate change. B. Effects of greenhouse gases.‎ C. Findings about global warming. D. Explorations on climate change.‎ ‎【答案】5. C 6. A 7. B 8. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家对气候变化问题的探索已经有近200年的历史了，文章介绍了“温室气体”和“温室效应”的发现，以及温室效应发现者Svante Arrhenius对温室效应的看法。到20世纪50年代末，美国科学家一直在为气候变化的长期后果敲响警钟。气候变化研究已经取得了长足的进步。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据上文Fourier concluded that the atmosphere must be responsible for containing the heat absorbed from the sun and described可知，Fourier得出结论，大气必须负责吸收太阳吸收的热量，并将它（大气）描述为一个有玻璃盖的盒子：当光线穿过玻璃时，由于盖住了热量，盒子内部变得更热。可知it指的是“大气”，故选C。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段中At a lecture later that year, Arrhenius noted that creatures of a warmer earth “might live under a milder sky and in less barren surroundings”.可知，在那年晚些时候的一次演讲中，Arrhenius指出，地球变暖的生物“可能生活在更温和的天空下，也可能生活在不那么贫瘠的环境中”。由此可推知，Arrhenius认为看待温室效应对地球上的生物是有益的。故选A。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段Fourier first described the greenhouse effect — still, maybe Arrhenius should have been more careful of what he wished for.可知，自从Fourier第一次描述了温室效应以来，气候变化研究已经取得了长足的进步——尽管如此，也许Arrhenius应该更加小心他所希望的。由此可推知，作者对Arrhenius的愿望持反对态度。故选B。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段中But the concept itself isn’t new at all — in fact, scientists have been exploring questions about climate change for almost 200 years.可知，但这一概念本身并不新鲜——事实上，科学家们已经对气候变化问题进行了近200年的探索。结合文章主要说明了科学家对气候变化问题的探索已经有近200年的历史了，文章介绍了“温室气体”和“温室效应”的发现，以及温室效应发现者Svante Arrhenius对温室效应的看法。到20世纪50年代末，美国科学家一直在为气候变化的长期后果敲响警钟。气候变化研究已经取得了长足的进步。由此可知，文章主要介绍了气候变化探索。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】代词指代题要求同学们根据语境的逻辑关系、判断画线的人称代词或指示代词在文章中指代的对象，包括考查it(指动物，无生命的事物、特定的事件或人)，they/them(指代人、物、事件的复数名词)，he/she等人称代词的指代意义，以及指示代词this，that，these，those等在文章中的指代意义，考查同学们对文章中叙述特定的人，物，事件的认知能力。解答这类题时，同学们要认真阅读画线词所在句和前后临近句的内容，分析人称转换和动作变换的详细过程，理清来龙去脉和前后的因果关系，从而准确推断其指代的对象。如第一小题，根据上文Fourier concluded that the atmosphere must be responsible for containing the heat absorbed from the sun and described可知，Fourier得出结论，大气必须负责吸收太阳吸收的热量，并将它（大气）描述为一个有玻璃盖的盒子：当光线穿过玻璃时，由于盖住了热量，盒子内部变得更热。可知it指的是“大气”，故选C。‎ C In 2015, a man named Nigel Richards memorized 386, 000 words in the entire French Scrabble Dictionary in just nine weeks. However, he does not speak French. Richards’ impressive feat is a useful example to show how artificial intelligence works — real AI. Both of Richard and AI take in massive amounts of data to achieve goals with unlimited memory and superman accuracy in a certain field.‎ The potential applications for AI are extremely exciting. Because AI can outperform humans at routine tasks — provided the task is in one field with a lot of data — it is technically capable of replacing hundreds of millions of white and blue collar jobs in the next 15 years or so.‎ But not every job will be replaced by AI. In fact, four types of jobs are not at risk at all. First, there are creative jobs. AI needs to be given a goal to optimize. It cannot invent, like scientists, novelists and artists can. Second, the complex, strategic jobs — executives, diplomats, economists — go well beyond the AI limitation of single-field and Big Data. Then there are the as-yet-unknown jobs that will ‎ be created by AI.‎ Are you worried that these three types of jobs won’t employ as many people as AI will replace? Not to worry, as the fourth type is much larger: jobs where emotions are needed, such as teachers, nannies and doctors. These jobs require compassion, trust and sympathy — which AI does not have. And even if AI tried to fake it, nobody would want a robot telling them they have cancer, or a robot to babysit their children.‎ So there will still be jobs in the age of AI. The key then must be retraining the workforce so people can do them. This must be the responsibility not just of the government, which can provide funds, but also of corporations and those who benefit most.‎ ‎9. What is the main purpose of paragraph 1?‎ A. To introduce the topic.‎ B. To mention Nigel’s feat.‎ C. To stress the importance of good memory.‎ D. To suggest humans go beyond AI in memory.‎ ‎10. Which of the following best explains “outperform” underlined in paragraph 2?‎ A. Be superior to B. Be equal to C. Be similar to D. Be related to ‎11. Which of the following jobs is the most likely to be replaced?‎ A. The writer. B. The shop assistant.‎ C. The babysitter. D. The psychologist.‎ ‎12. What does the text suggest people do about job replacement of AI?‎ A. Limit the application of AI to a certain degree.‎ B. Get more support from the government.‎ C. Apply for the donation from companies.‎ D. Upgrade themselves all the time.‎ ‎【答案】9. A 10. A 11. B 12. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人工智能给人类带来了惊喜和挑战，挑战主要体现在人工智能将在重复性工作上取代人类劳动力，但在大量需要创造性的工作领域，人工智能还无法胜任，人类无需过度恐慌。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段内容，特别是Both of Richard and AI take in massive amounts of data to achieve goals with unlimited memory and superman accuracy in a certain field.可知，理查德和人工智能都需要大量的数据来实现目标，在某一领域拥有无限的内存和超人的准确性。由此可知，第一段就是为了引出人工智能这一文章话题。故选A。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据划线词后的provided the task is in one field with a lot of data — it is technically capable of replacing hundreds of millions of white and blue collar jobs in the next 15 years or so.可知，如果这个任务是在一个有大量数据的领域——从技术上讲，它有能力在未来15年左右取代数亿个白领和蓝领工作。由此可知，AI在数据处理方面优于人类。由此可知，划线词意为“优于、胜过”。故选A。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三、四、五段内容可知，AI在重复性工作上可以取代人类，但在创造性和投入感情的工作上无法取代，writer(作家)属于创造性工作，psychologist(心理学家)和babysitter(临时保姆)是需要投入感情的工作，故B项（商店售货员）符合题意。故选B。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段中The key then must be retraining the workforce so people can do them.可知，那么，关键就必须是对劳动力进行再培训，使人们能够从事这些工作。由此可知，面对AI取代人类工作的现象，人类所能做的事情就是不断提升自己。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】如果所需猜测词义的单词后有破折号，破折号后起解释说明作用的内容是重要依据，例如本篇第2题，根据破折号后的provided the task is in one field with a lot of data — it is technically capable of replacing hundreds of millions of white and blue collar jobs in the next 15 years or so.可知，如果这个任务是在一个有大量数据的领域——从技术上讲，它有能力在未来15年左右取代数亿个白领和蓝领工作。由此可知，AI在数据处理方面优于人类。由此可知，划线词意为“优于、胜过”。故选A。‎ 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ BE A GOOD TOURIST Tourism can be both good and bad. Yes, it brings in money for the local economy and creates lots of jobs for locals, but it may also bring some problems.‎ ‎____13____ Tourists have used paint, rocks, or even keys to write on the Luxor Temple in Egypt, the Colosseum in Rome, Stonehenge in the UK, memorial stones at the bottom of Qomolangma, and many, many other places. Thousands of tourists sites are being destroyed by tourists who “love them to death”. ____14____ If you want to leave a mark on the world, do it by changing someone’s life with kindness and love. Pass kindness along to future generations, not destruction.‎ Another big problem in some places has been tourists disturbing the local people and life. ____15____ For example, Chiang Mai University in Thailand and Yonsei University in South Korea have great numbers of tourists visiting their campuses and walking through their libraries and other public areas, taking pictures of students and disturbing their studies. I have three words for tourists like this: please be considerate. ____16____‎ The number of problems from tourists is endless: walking in large groups without considering others who need to walk by, crossing roads without observing local traffic laws, and many more. The only way to solve the issue of the terrible tourist is to make sure that you are not one! ____17____ Remember, whenever you step outside your country’s borders, you are representing your country to the rest of the world.‎ A. Just think from other aspects.‎ B. When in Rome, do as the Romans do.‎ C. Have fun in a way that does not disturb others.‎ D. Be the best, kindest, most polite tourist possible.‎ E. I have three words for people like this: please stop it.‎ F. One growing problem is tourists who want to prove that they have visited someplace.‎ G. Some tourists wander around and take pictures of local people without asking for their permission.‎ ‎【答案】13. F 14. E 15. G 16. C 17. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。本文叙述中国人旅游过程中经常出现的一些问题，并针对这些问题提出文明出游的正确做法。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 第一段最后提到游客也可能带来一些问题。第二段第一句有必要承上启下讲出第一个问题，空格后具体提到了游客们在景点写字。因此F项（一个日益严重的问题是游客们想证明他们去过某个地方。）符合上下文语境，并且此句也和第三自然段的第一句话中的“another problem”遥相呼应。故选F。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 前文提到因为乱写乱画致使很多景点被破坏，所以此处是告诫人们“不要这样做”，紧接着提出具体的建议。因此选项E（我对这样的人要说三个字：请停止。）符合上下文语意。这句也和第三段的“I have three words…”相呼应。故选E。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 前文提到在一些地方，另一个大问题是游客扰乱了当地人们生活。此处应具体解释游客如何扰乱了当地人们的生活。根据后面For example介绍了发生在两所大学的具体事例，选项G（一些游客在未经允许的情况下四处游荡，给当地人拍照。）符合上下文语意。故选G。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 此处是对前面的“be considerate（要做到体贴他人）”作具体的解释说明，因此选项C（以不打扰他人的方式享受乐趣。）符合前文语意。故选C。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 前句强调确保自己不做“terrible tourist（糟糕的游客）”，紧接着应该说明如何做一名合格的游客，并且与后面一句构成因果关系：因为出国旅游代表的是自己国家的形象，所以D项（要尽可能成为最好、最友善、最有礼貌的游客。）符合上下文语意。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】七选五的解题技巧之一是根据上下文词汇来锁定线索。即：要关注空白前后的名词和动词，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等，看是否有同词复现。其次是一些专有名词，数词、代词、时间、年代、地点/名称等。在本文中，第1小题中的“problem”在上下文均出现了；第2小题中的“three words”，在下文第三段出现；第3小题中的“take pictures”，与后面taking pictures呼应；第5小题中的“terrible best, kindest, most polite”与上文terrible相反。因此，关注同词复现和反义词在这篇文章中是很有效的做法。‎ 第二部分 语言运用（共三节，满分 35 分） ‎ 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ I’d always ___18___ living alone: the life of no rules and regulations and being independent. So, ‎ I was ___19___ about this new stage in my life when moving into my university dormitory.‎ ‎___20___, during the first few months, I’d find myself crying every day. Coming from a big family, I was ___21___ to noises surrounding me. Therefore, the scary ___22___ at night was the worst. I couldn’t even ___23___ without keeping the lights on.‎ As time went by, I started enjoying the ___24___ that came with living alone. The space of loneliness was ___25___ by friends who became like family.‎ When it was time to say goodbye and go back home after my ___26___ I was bittersweet. I’d _____27_____ my time alone, learning things which wouldn’t have been _____28_____ if I had never moved away from home.‎ I’d learned a lot from this _____29_____. Living alone made me value _____30_____ time even more. I realized that every second with them _____31_____ though I might not get the freedom I had while living alone. For me, there is no warmth in a house _____32_____ it’s filled with loving members and people you love.‎ ‎18. A. kept on B. dreamed of C. insisted on D. put off ‎19. A. delighted B. worried C. serious D. cautious ‎20. A. Undoubtedly B. Unwillingly C. Unconditionally D. Unexpectedly ‎21. A. deaf B. cruel C. accustomed D. opposed ‎22 A‎. boredom B. silence C. darkness D. suffering ‎23. A. sleep B. talk C. move D. play ‎24. A. confidence B. safety C. relief D. freedom ‎25. A. set aside B. taken over C. filled up D. thrown away ‎26. A. recovery B. graduation C. resignation D. promotion ‎27. A. hated B. desired C. regretted D. enjoyed ‎28. A. useful B. possible C. reliable D. worthwhile ‎29. A. adventure B. arrangement C. experience D. challenge ‎30. A. family B. study C. work D. growth ‎31. A. flew B. counted C. stayed D. repeated ‎32. A. when B. once C. unless D. though ‎【答案】18. B 19. A 20. D 21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要讲述的是作者梦想自己能独自居住，但是当他上大学住宿舍时很不习惯。当毕业的时候，他很感激大学期间他独立的日子，但与此同时也更珍惜与家人在一起的日子。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我一直梦想着独自生活：没有规章制度的独立生活。A. kept on继续；B. dreamed of梦想；C. insisted on坚持；D. put off推迟。根据文中I’d always...living alone, the life of no rules and regulations and being independent.可知，作者想要独立生活，没有规章制度的约束，但目前还尚未独立，故他对这种生活是非常向往的。故选B。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，当我搬进大学宿舍的时候，我很高兴我的生活进入了一个新的阶段。A. delighted高兴的；B. worried担心的；C. serious严肃的；D. cautious谨慎的。文章第一句提到作者梦想独自生活；接下来说因此当搬进大学宿舍，因此到了大学宿舍开始独立生活，梦想实现，故作者是开心的。故选A。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，在最初的几个月里，我发现自己每天都在哭。A. Undoubtedly确实地；B. Unwillingly不情愿地；C. Unconditionally无条件地；D. Unexpectedly意外地。结合后文I'd find myself crying every day.可知，有了梦想生活，应该是很高兴。但意外地是作者却发现自己每天都在哭。故选D。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我来自一个大家庭，已经习惯了周围的噪音。A. deaf聋的；B. cruel残酷的；C. accustomed习惯的；D. opposed反对的。根据文中Coming from a big family可知，作者来自大家庭，大家庭是比较吵闹的，故已经对噪音习以为常了。短语be accustomed to“对……习惯”。故选C。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，夜晚可怕的寂静是最糟糕的。A. boredom厌倦；B. silence沉默；C. darkness黑暗；D. suffering 痛苦。作者开始了独自生活，与家里之前的吵闹不同了，晚上只有可怕的寂静。故选B。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我甚至不开灯就睡不着。A. sleep睡觉；B. talk谈话；C. move移动；D. play玩耍。根据上文at night was the worst可知，作者晚上不开灯睡不着。故选A。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的流逝，我开始享受独自生活带来的自由。A. confidence自信；B. safety安全；C. relief安慰；D. freedom自由。根据后文I might not get the freedom I had while living alone.可知，作者开始享受独自生活带来的自由。故选D。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：孤独的空间被像家人一样的朋友填满了。A. set aside留出；B. taken over接管；C. filled up装满；D. thrown away丢弃。结合后文by friends who became like family可知，朋友的存在弥补了不能待在家人旁边的孤独，故是填满了孤独的空间。故选C。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕业回家的时候，我喜忧参半。A. recovery恢复；B. graduation毕业；C. resignation辞职；D. promotion提升。作者的独居是在大学期间，这时的离开，说明作者毕业了。故选B。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我享受着独处的时光，学习一些如果我没有离开家就不可能学到的东西。A. hated憎恨；B. desired渴望；C. regretted后悔；D. enjoyed欣赏。根据上文I started enjoying the可知，作者享受着独处的时光。故选D。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我享受着独处的时光，学习一些如果我没有离开家就不可能学到的东西。A. useful有用的；B. possible可能的；C. reliable可靠的；D. worthwhile值得的。结合上下文语境，如果作者一直在家，那么在学校中有一些事情，例如享受独自生活可能就学不到了。故选B。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从这次经历中学到了很多。A. adventure冒险；B. arrangement安排；C. experience经历；D. challenge挑战。在大学中的独居生活，对作者来说，是人生的一段经历，故选C。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：独自生活让我更加珍惜与家人相处的时间。A. family家人；B. study学习；C. work工作；D. growth生长。根据后文even more可知，经过大学的独自生活，作者比以前更加珍惜了家人相处的时间。故选A。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到和他们在一起的每一秒都很重要，尽管我可能无法获得独自生活时的自由。A. flew飞翔；B. counted重要，认为；C. stayed停留；D. repeated重复。作者从独居生活中也明白了，家人的重要性，更加珍视家庭的生活，故选B。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查连接词辨析。句意：对我来说，家里没有温暖，除非充满了爱的成员和你爱的人。A. when当……时候；B. once一旦；C. unless除非；D. though虽然。此处为条件状语从句，表示“除非”用unless。故选C。‎ 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在题后空白处填入适当内容（每空1词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ The national college entrance examination, or gaokao, will be postponed (推迟) for a month to July 7 and 8 due to the novel coronavirus (新型冠状病毒) outbreak, the Ministry of Education said.‎ Because of the epidemic (流行病) situation, authorities in Hubei province and Beijing can come up with their own suggestions on gaokao dates, ___33___ will be published after consulting with the ministry. ___34___ postponement is mainly to ensure students’ safety and the fairness of the exam. More than 10.7 million students have signed up to participate ___35___ this year’s gaokao, up by 400,000 from last year.‎ The gaokao, widely ___36___ (consider) one of the most important exams in the country, has been held every year from June 7 to 8 since 2003. The country resumed (恢复) gaokao in the winter of 1977 after it was stopped for 10 ___37___ (year) during the “cultural revolution”. The exam ___38___ (hold) every year in July from 1978 to 2002. In 2001, the ministry decided ___39___ (move) the gaokao earlier a month from 2003 because of hot weather and frequent ___40___ (nature) disasters in summer.‎ Chinese people often compare the ___41___ (high) competitive exam to “crossing a narrow bridge”, because for many students, especially those from rural areas, studying at a good university _____42_____ (be) an opportunity to change their future.‎ ‎【答案】33. which ‎ ‎34. The 35. in ‎ ‎36. considered ‎ ‎37. years 38. was held ‎ ‎39. to move ‎ ‎40. natural ‎ ‎41. highly 42. is ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有关中国高考的背景知识。2020年的高考因新型冠状病毒的爆发，将推迟到七月七号和八号举行。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。分析句子可知此句是一个非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词gaokao dates，且先行词在句子中做主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查冠词。postponement为名词，此处特指今年的高考延期，应用定冠词the，句首字母要大写。故填The。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查介词。根据短语participate in表示“参加”。故填in。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，consider在句中作非谓语动词，且consider与逻辑主语The gaokao之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。故填considered。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查名词复数。year为可数名词，由10修饰应用复数形式。故填years。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查动词时态语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动，且根据后文in July from 1978 to 2002可知，描述过去的事情应用一般过去时，主语为exam，谓语动词用单数。故填was held。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。根据短语decide to do sth.表示“决定做某事”，后跟不定式。故填to move。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查形容词。disasters为名词，需要形容词natural修饰，表示“自然的”。故填natural。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查副词。修饰形容词competitive应用副词，且强调程度深，表示“非常”因用highly。故填highly。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查时态及主谓一致。本句主语为studying at a good university，且根据上文Chinese people often可知，为一般现在时，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填is。‎ ‎【点睛】当分词做状语的时候，如果构成分词的动词与句子的主语构成主动关系，就使用现在分词做状语；当二者构成被动关系，使用过去分词做状语。如果分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前，就使用分词的完成式。如果分词与句子的主语没有关系，可以使用状语从句或者独立主格结构。如第4小题，分析句子可知consider在句中作非谓语动词，且consider与逻辑主语The gaokao之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。故填considered。‎ 第三节 单词拼写 （共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）‎ 根据下列句子所给汉语注释或词首字母，写出空缺处单词的正确形式，每空一词。‎ ‎43. Set yourself t________ that you can reasonably hope to achieve.‎ ‎44. This university has w________ quite a few changes over the years.‎ ‎45. They had to a________ their attempt to climb the mountain due to the bad weather.‎ ‎46. You should set aside some time to r________ on your successes and failures.‎ ‎47. In conclusion, we should be a________ of the real situation of water shortage.‎ ‎48. I was s________ to death when I saw the tiger jump out of the cage and run to the child.‎ ‎49. We live further down on the ________ (相对的) side of the road.‎ ‎50. There was a long _______ (停顿) before she answered.‎ ‎51. Residents are being _________ (敦促) to wear masks to avoid catching diseases.‎ ‎52. The 12th ______ (每年的) Music Festival runs from Friday 25th to Monday 28th October.‎ ‎【答案】43. targets ‎ ‎44. witnessed ‎ ‎45. abandon ‎ ‎46. reflect ‎ ‎47. aware 48. scared ‎ ‎49. opposite ‎ ‎50. pause 51. urged ‎ ‎52. annual ‎【解析】‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查名词的数。句意：为自己设定合理的目标。根据句首字母且做宾语，表示“目标”应用名词target，且target为可数名词，前面没有冠词，故用复数形式。故填targets。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查动词时态。句意：这所大学这些年见证了不少变化。根据句首字母以及句意表示“见证”在句中作谓语应用动词witness，且根据上文This university has可知，为现在完成时。故填witnessed。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：由于天气不好，他们不得不放弃爬山的尝试。根据句首字母以及句意表示“放弃”可知动词abandon，且根据上文have to do sth.“不得不做某事”后跟不定式。故填abandon。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：你应该留出一些时间来反思你的成功和失败。根据句首字母以及句意表示“反思”可知动词reflect，且根据上文set aside time to do sth.表示“留出时间做某事”后跟不定式。故填reflect。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：总之，我们应该意识到水资源短缺的真实情况。根据句首字母以及句意表示“意识到”短语为be aware of。故填aware。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：当我看到老虎跳出笼子向孩子跑去的时候，我吓得要死。根据句首字母以及句意表示“害怕的”，且结合上文I was可知，应填形容词scared做表语。故填scared。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：我们住在马路对面。根据汉语意思“相对的”且修饰后文名词side应用形容词opposite。故填opposite。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：她停了好久才回答。根据汉语意思“停顿”以及上文a long可知，应填单数名词pause。故填pause。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查动词时态语态。句意：居民们被敦促戴上口罩以避免感染疾病。根据汉语意思“敦促”且做谓语应用动词urge，结合上文Residents are being可知，此处为现在进行时的被动语态。故填urged。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：第12届年度音乐节将于‎10月25日（星期五）至28日（星期一）举行。根据汉语意思“每年的”且修饰后文名词短语Music Festival，应用形容词annual。故填annual。‎ 第三部分 应用文写作 (满分 25 分)‎ ‎53.假定你是李华，两周前你从网上购买的一套书虫系列读物（Bookworm Series），昨天才到货，且包装破损，数量不足。请就此向网店客服人员写一封邮件投诉。要点如下：‎ ‎1. 介绍购物情况；‎ ‎2. 反映存问题；‎ ‎3. 提出解决方案。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 词数 80 词左右；‎ ‎2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯；‎ ‎3. 开头结尾已给出，不计入总词。‎ To whom it may concern,‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Looking forward to your early reply.‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】To whom it may concern,‎ I am one of your customers. I ordered a set of Bookworm Series on your website two weeks ago,‎ ‎ but I didn’t receive them until yesterday. And much to my disappointment, the books were so poorly packed up that the cover of one book was torn. To make matters worse, it is not a complete set, as I found one book missing.‎ I am sorry to have received such poor service, and I believe I have every right to ask you to deal with this problem. I hope that you either refund my money or deliver a new set of books to me. Besides, I’d like to be informed of the process of your dealing with my complaint.‎ Looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇提纲类写作。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假定你是李华，两周前你从网上购买的一套书虫系列读物（Bookworm Series），昨天才到货，且包装破损，数量不足。请就此向网店客服人员写一封邮件投诉。要点如下：1. 介绍购物情况；2. 反映存在问题；3. 提出解决方案。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：one of (其中之一)；a set of (一套)；much to my disappointment (非常令我失望地是)；deal with (处理)；refund (退款)等。 ‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般过去时和一般现在时。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如And much to my disappointment, the books were so poorly packed up that the cover of one book was torn.运用结果状语从句；To make matters worse, it is not a complete set, as I found one book missing.运用了原因状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎