湖南省湘潭县一中2020届高三5月模拟考试英语试题 Word版含解析

湖南省湘潭县一中2020届高三5月模拟考试英语试题 Word版含解析

www.ks5u.com 湘潭县一中2020届高三5月模拟考试 英语试题 ‎（本试卷共8页，全卷满分：150分，考试用时：120分钟）‎ 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30分）‎ 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。‎ 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ 例：How much is the shirt?‎ A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.‎ 答案是 C。‎ ‎1. What is the man going to do this afternoon?‎ A. See a friend. B. Give Lucy a ride. C. Head for the library.‎ ‎2. How long will the man stay in Europe?‎ A. 3 days. B. 5 days. C. 8 days.‎ ‎3. What does the woman suggest the man do?‎ A. Go to sleep early. B. Read the advertisement. C. Watch the movie tomorrow.‎ ‎4. Where did the woman’s husband work?‎ A. At a bank. B. At a toy company. C. At a college.‎ ‎5. What does the woman think of the video content?‎ A. Interesting. B. Inspiring. C. Unreasonable.‎ 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。‎ ‎6. What might be the relationship between the two speakers?‎ - 27 -‎ A. Workmates. B. Classmates. C. A couple.‎ ‎7. What are they talking about?‎ A. The man’s future job. ‎ B. The man’s favorite subjects.‎ C. The man’s major in college.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。‎ ‎8. When do they hope to send out the first shipment?‎ A. In May. B. In June. C. In August.‎ ‎9. What would the woman like to do in the meeting?‎ A. Make some arrangements for the next week.‎ B. Go over the marketing plan.‎ C. Meet some ad companies.‎ ‎10. Which way of advertising does the woman show special interest in?‎ A. TV. B. Radio. C. Brochures.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。‎ ‎11. What does the woman intend to do?‎ A. Invite the man to a basketball match.‎ B. Invite the man to do sports.‎ C. Invite the man to see a movie.‎ ‎12. What can we learn about the club?‎ A. People can skate or dance there.‎ B. People can stay there till 12:00 at night.‎ C. People can play computers games there.‎ ‎13 Where does the man work?‎ A. At the Workers Club. B. At a high school. C. At a computer center.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。‎ ‎14. What is the man famous for?‎ A. Teaching math. B. Collecting coins. C. Doing business.‎ - 27 -‎ ‎15. How does the man get the coins for his collection?‎ A. He trades for some.‎ B. He asks for some from his friends.‎ C. His uncle often gives him some.‎ ‎16. Who is the woman?‎ A. A student. B. A teacher. C. A journalist.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17. What is the woman most probably doing?‎ A. Teaching a history class. B. Giving a presentation. C. Hosting a radio program.‎ ‎18. Where is the woman from?‎ A. China. B. Scotland. C. Denmark.‎ ‎19. How do people in Panama celebrate the new year?‎ A. Use fireworks. B. Burn certain pictures. C. Walk under fireballs.‎ ‎20. What do the traditions have in common?‎ A. They all involve fire.‎ B. They make promises.‎ C. They’re mostly for good luck.‎ 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Teen & Adult Activities Yoga-Fundamentals Teen, Adult & Senior Min/Max: 4/20‎ June 4-June 25 Mon 11:00-12:00 pm $30‎ Instructor: Laurie McElroy If you are curious about yoga and would like to learn the basics in a non-threatening, nurturing environment, this class is for you. Gain confidence in - 27 -‎ ‎ the basic poses and salutations. Wear comfortable clothing and bring a sticky yoga mat.‎ Laugh Yourself Happy!‎ Adult & Senior Min/Max: 1/30‎ June 4-June 11 Mon 9:30-10:30 am $20‎ July 23-August 6 Mon 10:30-11:30 am $30‎ Instructor: Chele Howell Come experience the healing benefits of laughing together! Join us for an hour of laughter & deep breathing, music & movement, affirmations, meditation and more! Interactive classes filled with fun, creativity and living in the moment offer a way to reconnect, center and upgrade your mindset. Take home a new tool to help you relax and unwind, deal with everyday stresses, negative thinking, aches and pains and experience greater clarity, well-being and joyfulness! Please bring a yoga mat, blanket, or towel to lie on for meditation.‎ Line Dancing-Intermediate Ages 18 & Up Min/Max: 8/30‎ June 3-June 24 Sun 4:30-5:30 pm $20‎ July1-July 29 Sun 4:30-5:30 pm $25‎ Aug5-Aug 26 Sun 4:30-5:30 pm $20‎ Instructor: Randy Lattimer If you know the basic patterns and steps to line dancing, if you have mastered syncopation and are ready to move into phrasing and longer patterns with restarts and tags, then you are ready to join us in our intermediate level line dance class. So bring your talent and join in. We will see you in our next class. Students under 18 will be accepted with parental consent.‎ Teen Acrylic Painting Ages 11-16‎ Min/Max: 4/8‎ - 27 -‎ July 30-July 31 Mon/Tue 12:30-3:00 pm $50‎ Instructor: Taylor Gosney Anyone can learn to paint! This class encourages students to explore the medium of acrylic painting through a variety of techniques emphasizing concepts of shape, volume and color. This class is designed to encourage confidence and creative expression through paint.‎ ‎1. Which activity will be held even if there is only one member?‎ A. Teen Acrylic Painting. B. Line Dancing-Intermediate.‎ C. Yoga-Fundamentals. D. Laugh Yourself Happy!‎ ‎2. If a pair of twins learns line dancing in July, they should pay ________.‎ A. $40 B. $50‎ C. $60 D. $100‎ ‎3. What do we know about Teen Acrylic Painting?‎ A. It is designed for senior people.‎ B. It encourages students to relax and unwind.‎ C. It lasts 2.5 hours for each lesson.‎ D. It has space for at least 8 members.‎ ‎【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了四个活动的具体安排，涉及活动内容、导师、日期和时间等信息。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Laugh Yourself Happy!部分中Min/Max: 1/30可知最少一人，最多三十人。由此可知，Laugh Yourself Happy! 这个活动，即使只有一个人，也将举行。故选D。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Line Dancing-Intermediate部分中July 1-July 29 Sun 4:30-5:30 pm $25可知7月1日- 7月29日星期日4:30-5:30 pm 每人25美元。由此可知，一对双胞胎在七月学习队列舞需交50美元。故选B。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Teen Acrylic Painting部分中July 30-July 31 Mon/Tue 12:30-3:00 pm - 27 -‎ ‎ $50可知7月30日星期一/星期二12:30-3:00 pm每人50美元。由此可知，Teen Acrylic Painting每次课持续2.5小时。故选C。‎ B Global warming does more than just kill plant species-it also changes the way plants grow. Researchers at Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU) joined forces with the Leibniz Institute for Plant Biochemistry (IPB) to discover the molecular processes of plant growth. In Current Biology, a scientific journal, they presented their findings on high-temperature plant growth. This could lead to developing plants that can survive global warming.‎ Plants react to even small temperature changes, but they are unable to move to new locations. “When temperatures rise, plants grow taller to cool themselves off. Their stalks become taller, and their leaves become narrower and grow farther apart. Yet, this makes the plant more unstable overall,” explains Professor Marcel Quint, an agricultural scientist at MLU. Unstable plants bend faster in the rain and produce less food that’s also less nutritious.‎ There’s still lots to learn about plant reactions to temperatures. “We are just starting to understand how plants detect the changes in temperature,” Quint says. Earlier studies have shown that the protein PIF4 directly controls plant growth and is also dependent on temperature. When it’s cold, PIF4 is less active, meaning the plant doesn’t grow. At higher temperatures, PIF4 activates growth-promoting genes, and the plant grows taller. This is new information, says Quint.‎ To understand it, they investigated the growth of thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana,) seedlings. Normally, its seedlings form short stems at 20℃. These stems become considerably longer at 28℃. They discovered a hormone that activates the PIF4 at high temperatures, thus producing the protein. The findings of the Halle group may help to breed plants that remain stable even at high temperatures and produce many crops.‎ ‎4. Why did the researchers at MLU and IPB conduct their research?‎ A. To study the negative effects of global warming.‎ - 27 -‎ B To find out how plants help reduce global warming.‎ C. To observe how global warming affects plant growth.‎ D. To understand the ways that plants cause global warming.‎ ‎5. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?‎ A. Low temperatures have little impact on plants.‎ B. Plants prefer dry weather to rainy weather.‎ C. Plants are very sensitive to changes in soil.‎ D. High temperatures decrease crop production.‎ ‎6. What do we know about PIF4?‎ A. It mainly exists in the cress seedlings.‎ B. It works differently at different temperatures.‎ C. It is a kind of gene that controls plant growth.‎ D. It is a plant hormone that works at high temperatures.‎ ‎7. Who will probably benefit most from the findings?‎ A. Farmers. B. Botanists.‎ C. Researchers. D. Environmentalists.‎ ‎【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。全球变暖不仅杀死了植物物种，还改变了植物的生长方式。有研究发现，全球变暖会导致农作物产量减少，且营养含量降低。文章还介绍了植物能够察觉温暖变化的原因是PIF4蛋白直接控制植物的生长。以及和研究人员发现了能够使高温下也能保持稳定的植物，并能生产许多农作物。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中Researchers at Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU) joined forces with the Leibniz Institute for Plant Biochemistry (IPB) to discover the molecular processes of plant growth.In Current Biology, a scientific journal, they presented their findings on high-temperature plant growth. This could lead to developing plants that can survive global warming.可知，Martin - 27 -‎ ‎ Luther大学的研究人员与Leibniz植物生物化学研究所(IPB)合作，发现了植物生长的分子过程。在科学期刊《当代生物学》上，他们介绍了他们关于高温植物生长的发现。这可能导致开发出能够抵御全球变暖的植物。由此判断出，为什么MLU和IPB的研究人员进行他们的研究是为了观察全球变暖如何影响植物生长。故选C。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中“When temperatures rise, plants grow taller to cool themselves off. Their stalks become taller, and their leaves become narrower and grow farther apart. Yet, this makes the plant more unstable overall,” explains Professor Marcel Quint, an agricultural scientist at MLU. Unstable plants bend faster in the rain and produce less food that’s also less nutritious.可知“当温度上升时，植物会长得更高……它们的茎变得更高，叶变得更窄，离得更远。然而，这使得植物总体上更加不稳定，”MLU的农业科学家Marcel Quint教授解释说。不稳定的植物在雨中弯得更快，产生的食物也更少，营养价值也更低。由此可知，温度升高最终会导致农作物产量减少，且营养含量降低，故选D。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中Earlier studies have shown that the protein PIF4 directly controls plant growth and is also dependent on temperature.When it’s cold, PIF4 is less active, meaning the plant doesn’t grow. At higher temperatures, PIF4 activates growth-promoting genes, and the plant grows taller.可知早期的研究表明，PIF4蛋白直接控制植物的生长，也依赖于温度。当天气寒冷时，PIF4不那么活跃，这意味着植物不能生长。在较高的温度下，PIF4激活生长促进基因，植物长高。由此可知，PIF4在不同的温度下工作不同。故选B。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中The findings of the Halle group may help to breed plants that remain stable even at high temperatures and produce many crops.可知，Halle团队的研究发现可能有助于培育即使在高温下也能保持稳定的植物，并能生产许多农作物。由此可推知，农民最受益。故选A。‎ C Joshua Plotnik and his colleagues carried out the tests on six 12-45-year-old Asian elephants living in the grounds of a hotel in northern Thailand. The buckets containing the seeds were not clear enough to see through and had a lid with small - 27 -‎ ‎ holes to let the smell out. In experiments, the elephants chose the greater quantity of seeds in each pair, regardless of the quantity of seeds presented. The accuracy of the prediction was better when the difference between each pair increased.‎ This is thought to be the first time that an animal is able to use its sense of smell to make a simple calculation of whether one of two quantities is more or less than another-the most basic form of math.‎ Many animal species have shown an ability to tell apart between more and less when presented with different amounts of food. But they have used vision to discriminate. Dogs have been unable to show they can perform the same trick in tests of their abilities to smell.‎ For an elephant this ability could be very important. Elephants often travel long distances to find better-quality food and water, which can differ according to seasonal availability, changes to their environment, and a risk they could be attacked by humans. The best performers were able to get it right more than 80 per cent of the time.‎ The scientists suggest that male elephants are better at the task because they need to eat more food, making it more important that their sense of smell is keener. Males also have to sniff out females in heat over long distances in order to reproduce.‎ They say that while elephants do use vision, particularly in close contexts where they react to each other’s body language, they use it mainly to match their more powerful senses-hearing, smell and touch.‎ That elephants have a powerful sense of smell is perhaps unsurprising. They have more genes related to smell than any other animal: 2,000 compared to around 800 for a dog.‎ ‎8. What special ability do elephants have?‎ A. Use their trunks to find different smells.‎ B. Distinguish between more and less food.‎ C. Smell the differences of food quality.‎ D. Per form the basic math calculation.‎ ‎9. What does the underlined word “discriminate” mean?‎ - 27 -‎ A. Choose. B. Indicate.‎ C. Measure. D. Distinguish.‎ ‎10. Why do elephants often travel long distances?‎ A. To find where the better food is.‎ B. To find where humans wait to attack them.‎ C. To find where the environment has changed.‎ D. To find where they can adapt to the climate.‎ ‎11. What is the best title for the text?‎ A. Elephants can do simple math puzzles B. Elephants can “count” with their trunks C. Elephants can smell the quality of food D. Elephants can use vision to communicate ‎【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。许多动物具有用视觉来区分数量多少的能力。但研究人员发现，大象能够利用它们的嗅觉判断数量的多少。对于大象来说，这种用嗅觉判断数量的能力非常重要，因为可以帮助大象找到质量更好的食物和水。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中In experiments, the elephants chose the greater quantity of seeds in each pair, regardless of the quantity of seeds presented. The accuracy of the prediction was better when the difference between each pair increased.可知在实验中，大象在每一对中选择了数量更多的种子，而不考虑种子的数量。当两组之间的差异增大时，预测的准确性较好。由此可推知，大象的特殊能力是能够区分食物的多与少。故选B。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据上文Many animal species have shown an ability to tell apart between more and less when presented with different amounts of food.可知许多动物在面对不同数量的食物时都表现出了分辨多与少的能力。由此可知，动物是用视觉来区分食物数量多少的。上文中出现的tell apart表示“区分”，故可知discriminate表示“区分”，指大象的这种区分数量的能力。故选D。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ - 27 -‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段中Elephants often travel long distances to find better-quality food and water, which can differ according to seasonal availability, changes to their environment, and a risk they could be attacked by humans.可知大象经常长途跋涉去寻找质量更好的食物和水，而这些食物和水的质量会随着季节的变化、环境的变化以及被人类攻击的风险而变化。由此可知，大象经常要长途跋涉是为了找到更好的食物。故选A。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。许多动物具有用视觉来区分数量多少的能力。但研究人员发现，大象能够利用它们的嗅觉判断数量的多少。对于大象来说，这种用嗅觉判断数量的能力非常重要，因为可以帮助大象找到质量更好的食物和水。故B选项“大象能用象鼻‘算数’”最符合文章标题。故选B。‎ D Have you ever had a burger without meat? You might think that a vegetable burger will take away the real meaning of a burger as it will not have the juicy taste of meat. Despite these concerns, the company, Beyond Meat, has managed to successfully make plant-based meat.‎ On May 2, the company became the first vegan company to become public. Beyond Meat’s initial share price was expected to range from $19 to $21. Impressively, just hours later, Beyond Meat’s stocks rose to $73!‎ Instead of killing animals, Beyond Meat obtains these components from different plants and combines them to make vegan meat. It contains pea protein that gives the chewy, meaty texture along with canola oil, coconut fat and other binding agents. In addition, the company uses beet juice to simulate the bloody look of beef! The plant proteins are subjected to intense heating, cooling and pressure so that their structure becomes fibrous and copies that of animal meat.‎ For people who have changed their diet but miss the taste of meat, Beyond Meat satisfies their taste buds. It also has all the nutrients and elements that meat has, but does not come from an animal.‎ Plant-based meat is also beneficial as fewer animals are killed. As our world’s population continues to grow beyond 7 billion, so does the demand for meat. Livestock farming is not sustainable as it requires more land, consumes more energy and is one - 27 -‎ ‎ of the largest producers of greenhouse gases. Beyond Meat uses 99 percent less water and 93 percent less land. It also has 90 percent fewer greenhouse gas emissions, and it uses 46 percent less energy.‎ However, there are some people who do not like the smell of a Beyond Meat patty. Others question that processed foods are unhealthy and it is safer to choose whole vegetables instead. Regardless, with another company, Impossible Burger, looking to go public soon, as well as companies such as Tyson Foods and Nestle looking to enter the market, plant-based meat is here to stay. These companies hope to convince many people to switch from meat to plant-based alternatives.‎ ‎12. Why did Beyond Meat’s stocks rise sharply?‎ A. People found it convenient to buy plant-based meat.‎ B. People believed the bright future of the company.‎ C. People preferred to spend more money buying meat.‎ D. People are becoming vegans in life.‎ ‎13. What is the third paragraph mainly about?‎ A. What is made up of meat.‎ B. Why plants can be made into meat.‎ C. How plant-based meat is made.‎ D. Whether plant-based meat is allergenic.‎ ‎14. What is one of the features of plant-based meat?‎ A. It makes farming sustainable.‎ B. It contains all the nutrients people need.‎ C. It doesn’t have the taste of meat.‎ D. It is environmentally friendly.‎ ‎15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?‎ A. Plant-based meat will become a new trend.‎ B. All people prefer plant-based meat.‎ C. Vegan companies produce unhealthy food.‎ D. The smell of plant-based meat is disgusting.‎ ‎【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A - 27 -‎ ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了为何素肉会流行起来，素肉的生产方式以及素肉的前途。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第2段Beyond Meat’s initial share price was expected to range from $19 to $21. Impressively, just hours later, Beyond Meat’s stocks rose to $73可知，公司的股价在第一天飞速上涨，由此判断出人们对这个公司的前景看好。故选B项。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第三段It contains pea protein that gives the chewy, meaty texture along with canola oil, coconut fat and other binding agents. In addition, the company uses beet juice to simulate the bloody look of beef! The plant proteins are subjected to intense heating, cooling and pressure so that their structure becomes fibrous and copies that of animal meat.可知，整段都在介绍素肉的制作方法。例如，从不同的植物中获取这些成分，并将它们结合起来制成素食肉。还例如，公司还使用甜菜汁来模拟牛肉的血腥外观等。所以第三段主要讲素肉是如何制成的。故选C项。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第5段Beyond Meat uses 99 percent less water and 93 percent less land. It also has 90 percent fewer greenhouse gas emissions, and it uses 46 percent less energy.可知素肉可以少用99%的水和93%的土地；它还会减少90%的温室气体排放量。这说明素肉的一个特点是环保。故选D项。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段Regardless, with another company, Impossible Burger, looking to go public soon, as well as companies such as Tyson Foods and Nestle looking to enter the market, plant-based meat is here to stay. These companies hope to convince many people to switch from meat to plant-based alternatives可知，越来越多的公司已经或计划生产素肉，这些公司希望说服许多人从肉类转向植物性替代品。由此判断出素肉将成为一种新趋势。故选A项。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ How long does a year last? _____16_____ But your parents might say that a whole year can pass “in the blink of an eye”. Why does time seem to pass faster as we - 27 -‎ ‎ get older?‎ ‎____17____ This physical change causes the rate at which we take in and process new information to decline. Babies, for example, move their eyes much more often than adults because they’re processing images at a faster rate. They take in a lot of information and do many things in a single day. ____18____ However, as people’s brains degrade over time, fewer images are processed in the same amount of time. Therefore, older people receive less information during a day than younger people. This causes things to seem as though they’re happening more quickly.‎ ‎____19____ People may measure time by the number of memorable events that can be recalled within a certain period. Have you ever noticed that when you recall your firsts (first day of school, first family vacation, first birthday party, etc.), they seem to be in slow motion? That’s because when something is a “first”, there are many exciting things to remember. Recalling these memories makes you feel like they took forever.‎ For many adults, life is routine. When they look back, they might feel like there are not many novel (新奇的) things to remember. ____20____‎ A. Children might say that a year lasts forever.‎ B. Therefore, time seems to be moving faster to them.‎ C. Different people have different feelings toward time.‎ D. This makes them feel like a single day lasts for a long time.‎ E. As we grow older, we become less interested in new things.‎ F. According to scientists, our brains degrade and change over time.‎ G. In addition, people may also “feel” time differently due to psychological reasons.‎ ‎【答案】16. A 17. F 18. D 19. G 20. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍人们对时间的理解。随着时间的推移，我们的大脑会退化和变化，在相同的时间内处理的图像会减少。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ - 27 -‎ 根据上文提示“一年有多长?”再根据下文提示“但是你的父母可能会说，一整年的时间‘一眨眼’就过去了。”承接上下文，A项Children might say that a year lasts forever.（孩子们可能会说，一年是永恒的。）切题。故选A。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据下文提示“这种生理变化导致我们吸收和处理新信息的速度下降。”承接下文，F项 According to scientists, our brains degrade and change over time.（科学家称，随着时间的推移，我们的大脑会退化和变化。）切题。故选F。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据上文提示“他们在一天内吸收了很多信息，做了很多事情。”再根据下文提示“然而，随着时间的推移，人们的大脑会退化，在相同的时间内处理的图像会减少。”承接上下文，D项This makes them feel like a single day lasts for a long time.（这让他们觉得一天持续的时间很长。）切题。故选D。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据下文提示“人们可以用在某段时间内能够回忆起的难忘事件的数量来衡量时间。”承接下文，G项In addition, people may also “feel” time differently due to psychological reasons.（此外，由于心理原因，人们对时间的“感觉”也可能不同。）切题。故选G。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据上文提示“当他们回顾过去的时候，他们可能会觉得没有很多新奇的事情值得去记住。”承接上文，B项Therefore, time seems to be moving faster to them.（因此，时间对它们来说似乎移动得更快。）切题。故选B。‎ 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Madagascar was not the paradise I expected. A reporter and I were ___21___ there to find out who was helping with drought relief and the prevention of famine(饥荒).‎ After a three-hour ride in a van, we ___22___ in the small town of Ambovombe.Peter immediately headed over to the hospital to speak with a local ___23___ on our topics of interest. Since I didn't need to photograph the background ___24___ with the doctor, I wandered out to the road.‎ - 27 -‎ I raised my ___25___ to get some images before the sun went down. I've ___26___ been to Madagascar before, and until you've actually photographed in a place, you don't know how people will ___27___ to the camera.‎ I ___28___ a handsome man who was leaning against a wall in the golden light of dusk. No reaction. I took a breath. After a while, everyone within a 20-yard radius had ___29___ me. Some called out to each other, playfully teasing those I'd ___30___ .‎ Soon after, a mother encouraged me to photograph her young children.I ___31___ a moment. They were dressed in ___32___ clothes. One of them may not have even had any pants on---not because her parents were neglectful, but because they couldn't ____33____ them.‎ Their mother really ___34___ me to photograph them. This happens everywhere I go. Parents, ___35___ of their children, ask me to take a photo. I'd taken this photo of cute smiling children over and over. I don't usually save ____36____ ，but I saved this one.‎ Why? The children's ____37____ .It's something so powerful yet so ___38___ that we sometimes miss it. This mom, despite all the ____39____ obvious to an outsider's eyes, found in her children something she wanted a photograph to remember. That's because she saw a(n) ___40___ picture: She saw them with a mother's heart. As should we all.‎ ‎21. A. expected B. assigned C. allowed D. persuaded ‎22. A. arrived B. explored C. searched D. camped ‎23. A. reporter B. nurse C. doctor D. patient ‎24. A. discussion B. interview C. program D. practice ‎25. A. paper B. hand C. head D. camera ‎26. A. just B. seldom C. never D. already ‎27. A. respond B. adapt C. return D. contribute ‎28. A. discovered B. greeted C. asked D.‎ - 27 -‎ ‎ photographed ‎29. A. caught B. noticed C. found D. suspected ‎30. A. helped with B. stared at C. referred to D. focused on ‎31. A. watched B. regretted C. hesitated D. choked ‎32. A. beautiful B. funny C. dirty D. colorful ‎33. A. serve B. afford C. choose D. bring ‎34. A. wanted B. informed C. reminded D. paid ‎35. A. afraid B. sure C. aware D. proud ‎36. A. images B. cards C. gifts D. words ‎37. A. clothes B. kindness C. mother D. expectation ‎38. A. emotional B. changeable C. sensitive D. common ‎39. A. adventures B. disadvantages C. curiosity D. support ‎40 A. different B. natural C. broad D. interesting ‎【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 36. A 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了身为摄影师的作者被派往马达加斯加的一个小镇上工作，在那里遇到了一位母亲，尽管她的孩子衣衫褴褛，她却执意要作者帮他们拍照留念，作者由此感悟出了母爱的伟大。‎ ‎21题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和一位记者被派去那里搞清楚是谁在帮忙。A. expected期待；B. assigned委派；C. allowed允许；D. persuaded劝说。根据find out who was helping with drought relief and the prevention of famine(饥荒以及从下文作者的经历来看，是被派遣去做调查，be assigned to意为“被指派……”，符合要求。故选B项。‎ - 27 -‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：三个小时车程后，我们到达了Ambovombe的一个小镇上。A. arrived到达；B. explored探索；C. searched寻找；D. camped露营。分析文意可知，作者一行经过漫长车程到达了目的地。故选A项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Peter马上前往医院与一位当地的医生对话。A. reporter记者；B. nurse护士；C. doctor医生；D. patient患者。下一句中有the doctor呼应，应该是与医生对话。故选C项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为我不需要拍摄与医生的采访，所以我在路上闲逛。A. discussion讨论；B. interview采访，面试；C. program节目；D. practice实践。与上一句的speak with对应，这里指身为记者去采访当地的医生。故选B项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我拿起相机想要在太阳落山前拍一些照片。A. paper纸张；B. hand手；C. head头；D. camera相机。与作者photograph的动作对应，且目的是要to get some images“获得一些图像”可知，是要拿起相机拍照。故选D项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。句意：我以前从未来过马达加斯加。A. just刚刚；B. seldom很少；C. never从不；D. already已经。下一句提到“直到你真的在一个地方拍摄，你才会知道人们会对镜头有什么反应”，说明以前作者是没来过这里的。故选C项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到你真的在一个地方拍摄，你才会知道人们会对镜头有什么反应。A. respond反应；B. adapt适应；C. return返回；D. contribute贡献。下一段描写的是人们对于相机感到新鲜，这里应该指不知道人们对相机会是什么反应。故选A项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我拍了一名帅气的男子，他斜靠在墙上，沐浴在黄昏金色的阳光里。A. discovered发现；B. greeted问候；C. asked询问；D. photographed拍摄。承接上文作者想要拍点东西，这里应该是他拍摄了这名男子。故选D项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，方圆20码的所有人都注意到了我。A.‎ - 27 -‎ ‎ caught抓住；B. noticed注意；C. found找到；D. suspected怀疑。从前一句的No reaction“没有反应”到后来called out each other“互相喊叫”，显然我拍摄的行为已经引起了众人的注意。故选B项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词短语。句意：有些人互相喊叫着，玩笑似地逗弄那些我聚焦着的人。A. helped with帮助；B. stared at盯着；C. referred to提到；D. focused on聚焦。从先前的没有反应到现在众人注意，我拍摄的焦点一定也会成为大家关注的对象。故选D项。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我犹豫了一下。A. watched观看；B. regretted后悔；C. hesitated犹豫；D. choked噎住。一位母亲让我给她的孩子拍照，而从下文中作者对这家人的观察、甚至有人没裤子可穿来看，应该是会有所犹豫的。故选C项。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们穿着脏兮兮的衣服。A. beautiful漂亮的；B. funny好玩的；C. dirty肮脏的；D. colorful多彩的。下一句中甚至有人没裤子可穿，显然这家人是比较贫穷的，衣服自然也不会光鲜。故选C项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为他们买不起衣服。A. serve服务；B. afford支付（得起）；C. choose选择；D. bring带来。既然并非父母不重视，只能是因为经济条件不支持了，也就是买不起。故选B项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的母亲真得很想让我给他们拍照。A. wanted想要；B. informed告知；C. reminded提醒；D. paid支付。从下文内容来看，不止这位母亲，许多父母们都想有一张孩子们的照片作纪念。故选A项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为自己的孩子们而骄傲的父母们，都让我拍照。A. afraid害怕的；B. sure确定的；C. aware意识到；D. proud骄傲的。下文中提到，正是因为在孩子们身上发现了值得记住的东西，才会拍照，be proud of“为……而自豪”符合文意。故选D项。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一般不会保存这些图片，但只保留了这一个。A. images图片；B. cards卡片；C. gifts礼物；D.‎ - 27 -‎ ‎ words话语。上一句讲作者会一遍遍地按照那些父母的要求拍摄照片，但只保留了这一个，指的就是照片。故选A项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：是因为这些孩子们的母亲。A. clothes衣服；B. kindness善良；C. mother母亲；D. expectation期待。从最后一段的总结来看，是这位母亲的母爱感动了作者。故选C项。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种东西如此强大又如此普遍，让我们有时都会忘记其存在。A. emotional情感的；B. changeable可改变的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. common共同的，普遍的。本段总结母亲对孩子们无私的爱，就是it指代的内容，它很强大，而每个人都享有也很普遍。故选D项。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管在外人眼里，有很多明显的缺点，但母亲在她的孩子身上，发现了一些她想让照片记住的东西。A. adventures冒险；B. disadvantages劣势，缺点；C. curiosity好奇；D. support支持。作者拍照前因为这家孩子衣服不得体而犹豫，这位母亲却执意要拍，可见她为了拍照是可以不在意这些“缺点”的。故选B项。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那是因为她看到了不同的画面。A. different不同的；B. natural自然的；C. broad宽阔的；D. interesting有趣的。作者和我们看到的是衣衫褴褛，而孩子们的母亲是怀着母亲的心去看的，她看到的是不同的东西。故选A项。‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ The driver, Zhang Sai, hesitated outside ___41___ apartment building in Wuhan, the central Chinese city at the heart of the coronavirus outbreak. He ___42___ (order) not to take food to customers’ doors in order to minimize the risk of ___43___ (infect).‎ But the woman on the phone was begging, he recalled. The food was for her mother, ___44___ couldn’t go down to meet him. Mr. Zhang finally agreed. He would drop off the order and rush away. ____45____ he placed the bag on the floor, Mr. Zhang said, the door opened. ___46___ (Frighten), he rushed away. Without thinking, he pressed the elevator button with his finger, touching a surface he feared could transmit the - 27 -‎ ‎ virus.‎ That was how Mr. Zhang, 32, found ____47____ (he) speeding back to his delivery station with one finger ____48____ (hold) high in the air, careful not to touch the rest of his hand.‎ For many people in China, delivery drivers like Mr. Zhang ___49___ (be) the only connection to the outside world. Once a common but invisible presence on the streets of nearly every Chinese city, the drivers are now being praised _____50_____ heroes.‎ ‎【答案】41. an 42. had been ordered ‎ ‎43. infection / being infected ‎ ‎44. who 45. As / When ‎ ‎46. Frightened ‎ ‎47. himself ‎ ‎48. held 49. are / were ‎ ‎50. as ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了武汉封城期间，外卖小哥张赛为一个武汉市民送餐的一次经历，在疫情最严重的时候，像他这样的外卖小哥是人们与外界联系的唯一途径，他们被誉为英雄。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：外卖小哥张赛在此次新冠病毒爆发的中心——武汉的一幢公寓楼外犹豫着。building是可数名词，此处泛指“一幢公寓楼”， apartment 的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查时态语态。句意：为了将感染的风险降到最低，他被命令不要把食物送到顾客的家门口。He与order之间是被动关系，而且这一动作发生在hesitated之前，也就是过去的过去，所以用过去完成时的被动语态，故填had been ordered。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查名词/动名词。介词of后接名词或动名词作宾语（he与infect之间是被动关系，所以用动名词的被动式），故填infection / being infected。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ - 27 -‎ 考查非限定性定语从句。句意：食物是给她母亲订的，她母亲不能下楼去取。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代先行词her mother，并在从句中作主语，故填who。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查时间状语从句。句意：张赛说，当他把食物放在地上时，门开了。分析句子结构并结合句意可知此处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，故填As / When。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查形容词作状语。句意：他吓坏了，赶紧跑开了。分析句子结构并结合句意可知此处用形容词作状语，强调主语的状态，修饰人用ed结尾的形容词，表示“感到……的”，故填Frightened。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查反身代词。句意：就这样，32岁的张先生发现自己的一根手指高高地举在空中，小心翼翼地不去碰手的其余部分，然后飞快地赶回派送站。当宾语和主语为同一人称时，宾语要用反身代词，故填himself。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意同上，此处为“with+宾语+宾补”的复合结构，finger和hold之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，所以用过去分词作宾补，故填held。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：对许多中国人来说，在疫情最严重的时候，像张先生这样的外卖小哥是人们与外界联系的唯一途径。句子主语是drivers，谓语动词用复数形式，事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，也可理解为客观事实，用一般现在时，故填are / were。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：这些外卖小哥曾经在几乎所有中国城市的街道上随处可见，但现在他们被誉为英雄。分析句子结构可知此处需要填介词，根据句意可知此处表示“作为”，故填as。‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ - 27 -‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Garbage classification, whether you are accustomed to it or not, is making a change to the way how we live. Taking our community as a example, dustbins in different colors have been putting into use and most residents are clear about the rules of classification but willing to follow it. Though it takes a little more time for individuals sort out their own garbage, it saves the government a largely amount of time and allows more things to be recycled. By this way, we are shouldering our share of responsibility as citizen.‎ It pay to put garbage into different categories, for our own sake and the sake of nature.‎ ‎【答案】1. 删掉the way后的how或how→that ‎2. a→an ‎ ‎3. putting→put ‎ ‎4. but→and ‎ ‎5. it→them ‎ ‎6. sort前加to ‎ ‎7. largely→large ‎ ‎8. By→In ‎ ‎9. citizen→citizens ‎ ‎10. pay→pays ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是说明文，文章介绍了垃圾分类正在改变我们的生活方式。‎ ‎【详解】1.考查定语从句。 分析句子结构， we live是定语从句；先行词为the way，关系词用that或in which或省略。故删掉the way后的how或how改为that 。‎ ‎2.考查冠词。example为可数名词，且发音是以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故a改为an。‎ ‎3.考查语态。句子主语 dustbins in different colors和put into use之间为被动关系，此处应该是现在完成时的被动语态have been done形式；put是不规则变化动词，过去分词为put。故putting改为put。‎ - 27 -‎ ‎4.考查连词。句意：大多数居民对分类规则很清楚，并且愿意遵守它们。两个句子之间语义顺承，不是转折关系。故but改为and。‎ ‎5.考查代词。此处指代的是前面的rules，故it改为them。‎ ‎6.考查固定句型。 句型It takes time for sb. to do … “做……需要(某人)多长时间”，故sort前加to。‎ ‎7.考查固定短语。amount是名词，应用形容词修饰；短语a large amount of “大量的”。故largely改为large。‎ ‎8.考查固定短语。短语“用这个方法”in this way。故By改为In。‎ ‎9.考查可数名词单复数。 citizen是可数名词；句子主语是we，因此citizen相应地用复数形式。故citizen改为citizens。‎ ‎10.考查主谓一致。 句意：为了我们自己，也为了大自然的缘故，把垃圾分类是值得的。形式主语是It，谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故pay改为pays。‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52.假如你是李华，计划周末和同学去老年之家(nursing home)帮忙。请给你班留学生Tom写信，邀请他一同前往。内容包括：‎ ‎1. 出发及返回的时间；‎ ‎2. 活动过程；‎ ‎3. 期待对方参加。‎ Dear Tom,‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Tom,‎ How are you doing these days? I know you have a passion for volunteering, so I - 27 -‎ ‎ would like to invite you to join our visit to a nursing home this weekend. We are planning to leave for the nursing home at 8 am and will wrap up our visit around 6 pm. The main activity will be organizing a singing festival. First, we will put on a performance, singing Beijing Shine on Golden Hill to warm up and lighten the mood. After that, the residents will each pick a song to sing in front of others. Then they will sing a song together. Finally, we will all pose for a photo. I hope this event can help spice up the residents’ lives. I am really looking forward to your participation.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给留学生Tom写一封邀请他和你一起去老年之家帮忙的信。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题。‎ 体裁：信件应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般将来时为主。‎ 要点：1 邀请Tom一起周末去老年之家帮忙 ‎ 2 时间信息：出发和返回时间 ‎ 3 介绍活动流程 ‎ 4 期待对方参与 结构布局：‎ ‎ 第一段，鉴于Tom对志愿活动的热衷，邀请他周末一起去老年之家帮忙。‎ ‎ 第二段，详细说明此次活动出发和返回时间，活动流程：‎ ‎ 首先，为了活跃气氛，表演歌唱《我爱我的祖国》等 ‎ ‎ 其次，分组听取老年人们交流过去岁月故事。‎ ‎ 最后，和老年人们拍照留念。‎ ‎ 第三段，表达期待Tom的参与。‎ ‎ ‎ 第二步：列重点词语，词组（注意好词的使用）‎ - 27 -‎ 如：In consideration of, devotion, motivate, make a performance, divide into等 第三步：连词成句（注意好句型的使用如主从复合句，非谓语动词，注意拼写和时态问题）‎ 如：1 In consideration of your devotion to volunteering, I strongly invite you to join our visit to a nursing home this weekend.‎ ‎ 2 We are planning to leave for the nursing home at 8a.m. and return to school at 6p.m., which will last for almost 10 hours.‎ 第四步：连句成篇（注意衔接词的使用）‎ ‎1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second…, Finally, In the end, At last;‎ ‎2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition, As well as, not only…but (also);‎ ‎3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing, On the one hand…,On the other hand…,some…while others… ；‎ ‎4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result ‎ 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡。‎ 第五步：润色修改。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点齐全，语言规范，词数适当，连贯性强。作者在文中使用了衔接词，如“First, After that, Then, Finally”等，使得文章内容能进行连贯性表达，而且作者还使用了高级词汇，如“have a passion，wrap up，warm up，lighten，pose for, spice up”等，使用了高级句式：如宾语从句和so引导的并列句I know you have a passion for volunteering, so I would like to invite you to join our visit to a nursing home this weekend. 展现了作者丰富的词汇积累和对语言的驾驭能力，为文章增色添彩。‎ - 27 -‎ - 27 -‎