英语卷·2017届四川省成都市龙泉二中高三5月模拟考试（一）（2017-05）

英语卷·2017届四川省成都市龙泉二中高三5月模拟考试（一）（2017-05）

成都龙泉第二中学高2014级高考模拟试卷（一）‎ 英 语 注意事项：‎ ‎ 1．答卷前，考生务必用2B铅笔在“考生号”处填涂考生号。用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己所在的学校以及自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。‎ ‎ 2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。‎ ‎ 3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。‎ ‎ 4．作答选做题时，请先用2B铅笔填涂选做题题组号对应的信息点，再作答。漏涂、错涂、多涂的，答案无效。‎ ‎ 5．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，收卷时只交答题卷。‎ 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分 听力（共两节,满分30分）‎ 第一节 (共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) ‎ ‎1. What is the most probable relationship between the two speakers?‎ A. Husband and wife B. Colleagues C. Teacher and student ‎2. Where does this conversation probably take place?‎ A. In a hospital B. In a shop C. In a restaurant ‎3. What does the man think of his vacation?‎ A. It is not good. B. It is wonderful. C. It is too tiring.‎ ‎4. When will the plane take off?‎ A. At 10:10. B. At 10:15. C. At 10:30.‎ ‎5. What is the man doing now?‎ A. Watching TV. B. Playing the computer. C. Working on a paper.‎ ‎ 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。‎ ‎6. What did the man do on Friday?‎ A. He had an English class. B. He attended a class activity. ‎ C. He visited a museum of rocks. ‎ ‎7. Why is it very easy to find different rocks there?‎ A. Because it gets hot during the day, but it cools off very quickly at night.‎ B. Because there are many different rocks.‎ C. Because there are very few plants. ‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。‎ ‎8. How many days does the man go to school every week in his country?‎ A. Five days. B. Five days and a half. C. Six ‎ days.‎ ‎9. Where is the man going next?‎ A. To the canteen. B. To the library. C. To the dormitory. ‎ 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题 ‎10. How many nights will the man be staying?‎ A. 3 nights. B. 4 nights. C. 5 nights.‎ ‎11. What room does the man need?‎ A. A smoking room with a good view of the ocean.‎ B. A smoking room without facing the street.‎ C. A non-smoking room facing the street.‎ ‎12. How much will the man pay?‎ A. $140 B. $ 456 C. $560 ‎ 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。‎ ‎13. Where does the woman probably work?‎ A. At a university. B. At a house agency. C. At a supermarket.‎ ‎14. What is the man’s requirement about the rent?‎ A. No more than 100 dollars a month. ‎ B. Less than 80 dollars a month. ‎ C. More than 150 dollars a month. ‎ ‎15. What can we know about the second flat?‎ A. It’s smaller but more expensive. ‎ B. It has two bedrooms but it’s on a noisy street.‎ C. It’s a little far away from the university.‎ ‎16. What will the man probably do next?‎ A. Rent the second flat. B. Go to see the second flat. ‎ C. Finish typing the material. ‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题 ‎17. Who is Xiao Dong?‎ A. A postgraduate student learning in the UK. B. An employee in a foreign company.‎ C. A graduate returning from the UK.‎ ‎18. Why do many people with a foreign degree reject job offers in China?‎ A. Because the work in China is too demanding.‎ B. Because they can find better jobs abroad.‎ C. Because of the unsatisfactory salary offered by the companies.‎ ‎19. What makes Xiao Dong doubt whether she made the right decision to go for abroad?‎ A. Foreign companies don’t like her foreign experience or English language skills.‎ B. Many domestic graduates can meet the language requirements of companies.‎ C. Her major is not so good in the UK ‎20. What is the man’s attitude toward learning abroad?‎ A. He thinks people should think twice before making the decision. ‎ B. He thinks people should not expect too much. ‎ C. He thinks it is still as golden as before.‎ 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节 （共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）。阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎ A Swimming in the water of Hawaii’s Big Island is a fun experience. But it can be more exciting if there are dolphins swimming around and jumping out of the sea too. For many people, it would be a wonderful dream to swim with these lovely animals! However, this may not be good for dolphins. They may get hurt because of human interaction (互动).‎ ‎ Dolphins are active and usually look for food at night. In the day, they like to rest in shallow bays(浅湾). Many people think the dolphins are awake during the day as they swim. But when they sleep they rest half of their brain and keep the other half awake to breathe, so they may be sleeping even when they’re swimming in the water.‎ ‎ From 2010 to 2013, spinner dolphins (飞旋海豚) of Hawaii’s Big Island were exposed to human activities more than 82 percent of the time, according to Julian Tyne, a researcher at Australia’s Murdoch University.‎ ‎ The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) says disturbing the animals in their near-shore habitat could force them to swim to less favorable places, putting them at risk of attack by sharks and other animals.  ‎ Besides, when people are around, dolphins become more active. Thus, they can’t get enough sleep. “Disturbing their resting behaviors can actually affect their long term health and the health of the dolphin population,” Ann Garrett of NOAA’s National Marine Fisheries Service told the Associated Press.‎ ‎ As a result, the NOAA wants to make rules to help protect the dolphins. For example, the agency (机构) may ban swimming with the Hawaii spinner dolphins. Or they may stop people from swimming in shallow bays when the dolphins are resting. Tour operators must also be taught to watch for signs to know when the dolphins are in their resting state. ‎ ‎21．Which of the following about dolphins is NOT true?‎ A. They spend most of their time sleeping at night.‎ B. They like to stay in shallow bays during the day.‎ C. They keep half of their brain awake while sleeping.‎ D. They may be sleeping even when they’re swimming.‎ ‎22．When dolphins are disturbed in their near-shore habitat, they _____.‎ A. would swim to a crowded place ‎ B. could move closer to sharks C. could become less active ‎ D. could likely sleep longer ‎23．Which activity is against the rules?‎ A. Swimming with the Hawaii spinner dolphins.‎ B. Swimming in bays where the dolphins live.‎ C. Making signs that show the dolphins’ resting state.‎ D. Making signs that show where the dolphins are.‎ ‎24．What does the article mainly talk about?‎ A. What habits dolphins have. ‎ B. What spinner dolphins are.‎ C. How the animals live in the sea. ‎ D. How to protect dolphins near the shore.‎ B ‎ I was 17 and my job was to try to keep eight fairly active 10-, 11- and 12-year-olds from killing one another or themselves. Among other activities, I would take them camping in the woods outside Dover Plains, N.Y. I learned that if you are going to be in the woods for a couple of days, take frosted flakes. You can eat them for breakfast, lunch and dinner, you don’t have to cook them and they don’t weigh as much as your meats and vegetables. I’ll never touch another frosted flake as long as I live. ‎ ‎ The camp was for low-income youngsters from New York City. I was a suburban kid, and a wonderful thing about the job was that it exposed me to different people: kids from the inner city and college students from exotic places like Minnesota. ‎ ‎ Being out in the woods with the kids was a little scary. I suddenly realized these are actually somebody’s children and I’m responsible for them. Not one of them to my knowledge ever died on me, although occasionally there were bee stings. I found myself being an authority figure because I had to. On a camping trip we stopped at a lake to pitch (搭起) our tents. I was the only white person in the group. We were swimming when these white kids in a motorboat began yelling racial abuses and trying to splash (泼水) us. The assistant counselor (辅导员) and I had no choice but to warn them, “If you come anywhere near these kids, we’ve written down the number of your boat and we’re going to call the police.” ‎ ‎ They yelled more stuff but finally left. That experience was the biggest test of responsibility I had ever faced. ‎ ‎ When I returned to high school after that first summer, it seemed a lot less intimidating (令人胆怯) than before. Plus, I had earned $375, which after trips to the camp candy store was down to eight cents’ clear profit. ‎ ‎25. The author took along frosted flakes for the following reasons EXCEPT that _____.‎ ‎ A. They were his favorite snacks B. They were easy to carry and eat ‎ ‎ C. They filled the belly easily D. They wouldn’t go bad in a couple of days ‎ ‎26. What gave the author the best lesson of responsibility when they camped in the woods? ‎ ‎ A. To teach 8 naughty kids to swim. B. To put up tents out in the wilds. ‎ ‎ B. To stop the kids from bee stings. D. To protect his campers from abuses. ‎ ‎27. Which word may best conclude the camp trip?　　　　　　‎ ‎ A. Amusing. B. Profitable. C. Relaxing. D. Comfortable. ‎ C ‎ Using too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that ‎ humans can put our water supply in danger ,but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways .You may wonder how paving(铺砌) a road can lead to less usable fresh water. A major part of the water we use every day is groundwater. Groundwater does not come from lakes or rivers .It come from underground. The more roads and parking lots we pave, the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.‎ ‎ Human activity is not responsible for all water shortages. Dry climates are of course more likely to have droughts than areas with more rainfall, but in any case, good management can help to make sure there is enough water to meet our basic needs .‎ ‎ Thinking about the way we use water every day can make a big difference, too. In the United States, a family of four can use 1.5 tons of water a day! This shows how much we depend on water to live, but there’s a lot we can do to lower the number.‎ You can take steps to save water in your home. To start with ,use the same glass for your drinking water all day. Wash it only once a day. Run your dishwasher only when it is full. Help your parents fix any leaks in your home. You can even help to keep our water supply clean by recycling batteries instead of throwing them away.‎ ‎28. Which of the following is most likely to lead to less groundwater ?‎ A. Using river water . B .Throwing batteries away .‎ C. paving parking lots . D. Throwing rubbish into lakes .‎ ‎29. What can be inferred from the text ?‎ A. All water shortages are due to human behavior .‎ B. It takes a lot of effort to meet our water needs .‎ C. There is much we can do to reduce family size.‎ D. The average family in America makes proper use of water .‎ ‎30. The last paragraph is intended to .‎ A. show us how to fix leaks at home B. tell us how to run a dishwasher ‎ C. prove what drinking glass is best for us D. suggest what we do to save water at home ‎ ‎31. The text is mainly about .‎ A. Why paving roads reduces our water B. how much we depend on water to live ‎ C. why droughts occur more in dry climates D. how human activity affects our water supply D George Max showed up in a well-maintained lorry. He brought some tools, such as something to light a fire with, a smoker, a long-handled brush, a metal hive(蜂箱)tool, and a hive. As George moved about, he said in a low and calm voice, “You’d be amazed how many people call me with a swarm(一大群)like this; and by the time I come, they’ve destroyed the whole thing, down to the last bee.” George said this swarm of bees was breath-taking, about 15,000 bees. He placed the hive in a proper place. Holding the smoker close to the swarm, he pumped the bellows(风箱). Smoke has a calming effect on bees. George said this group was easy to deal with. They were heavy with honey, and their main purpose was to hold the group together until they could find a new hive. He went on smoking the swarm and let the bees pour into the hive. Most bees would ‎ only follow the queen to a new living place (yes, she has ladies-in-waiting that tend her every need). By dusk, most of the bees had disappeared into the hive. “Alright, it appears that we’ve got them all,” I looked hopefully in George’s direction. He paused. “If you don’t mind, we’ll wait a bit longer,” he said. “They have sent out scout bees, and I want to be sure we don’t leave any behind.” So we waited. And, look! Scout bees returned. If the hive is healthy, the population of bees will be on the increase. When the queen senses that it’s time for the hive to split, she will lose weight so she can fly, and then leave the hive with a large part of the bees. The bees left behind will hurry to hatch another queen and rebuild. If some day you come across a swarm of bees in your backyard, call in a local beekeeper. Then sit back and enjoy the show. Get your camera, because you’ll want to share this amazing phenomenon with everyone you know, especially children. And if you’ve gone this far, you might as well buy a hive of your own. We did.‎ ‎32. George thought the bees weren’t difficult to handle mainly because ______. A. they were in huge quantity B. his smoke had a healing effect on them C. the bees were keeping together the group D. they didn't need a new hive ‎33. George wanted to wait a little longer because ______． A. there might be some bees that hadn’t come back ‎ B. those bees which he had sent away didn’t return C. the longer he stayed, the more honey he’d collect D. the queen hadn’t turned up ‎34. We can infer from the last but one paragraph______． A. the queen must keep fit to control others B. the queen will leave if she finds no one supports her C. fatty queens are not welcome in a hive D. there is only one queen in a hive ‎ ‎35. How is the whole passage mainly developed?‎ A. By analyzing causes. B. By giving examples. ‎ C. By giving descriptions. D. By making comparisons.‎ 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎ Do’s and Don’ts of Donating ‎ Giving away your unused or unwanted stuff if a great way to make space in your home for the items that you do enjoy on a regular basis. __36__  Here are 10 do’s and don’ts of donating your belongings.‎ ‎ Do Prepare Your Clothes.‎ ‎ You’re thoroughly cleaned out your closet and drawers, and have a mountain of clothing waiting to be donated. Before you bag up these pieces, inspect(检查) each one to ensure that they’re in good condition. Make sure all buttons are accounted for, and that you can’t see any stains（污点）. ___37___.‎ ‎ Don’t Donate Damaged Items.‎ ‎ The number one rule of donating your stuff is to make sure that it’s in good condition. Don’t pass along clothes or furniture with rips(裂口) or stains, chipped dishes, books that are missing pages, or toys with lost pieces. __38__ Find a local company that will recycle these items instead.‎ ‎ Do Donate More than Just Clothes.‎ ‎ __39__ Stuffed animals, framed pictures, unused candles, small power tools, sports equipment, ornaments, baskets, blender, dishes, glassware, utensils, silverware, pots and pan, curtains, blankets, toasters, mixers, pillows, towels, bed sheets, bikes, and exercise equipment are much sought after donations.‎ ‎ __40__‎ ‎ With a little common sense it’s easy to figure out items that are ideal for donations. But unfortunately some people will throw away the contents of their home without a second thought. As a gentle reminder, it’ s never a good idea to donate car parts, flammable products, construction materials, weapons, or explosives.‎ A.Nobody wants to inherit (接手) your damaged belongings. ‎ B.Food donations are always in need.‎ C.Don’t Even Think of Donating These Items.‎ D.Not sure where to start?‎ E.Don’t Donate Large Appliances（器材）.‎ F.Clothes aren’t the only household items that can be donated.‎ G.Wash the items to make them fresh and ready for their new owner.‎ 第三部分　英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第一节 完形填空 ‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ In the past, man did not have to think about the protection of his environment. There were few people on the earth, and ____41____ resources seemed to be unlimited.Today, things are ____42____. The world has become too crowded. We are ____43___ our natural resources too quickly, and ____44____ we are ___45_____ our environment with dangerous chemicals. If we  ___46_____ to do this, human life ____47___ will not survive.    Everyone realizes today that if____48____ fish are taken from the sea, there will soon be none___49____. Yet, with____50____ fishing methods, more and more fish are ___51____. We know that if too many trees are ____52___ , forests will disappear and nothing will grow____53____. Yet, we continue to use bigger and more powerful machines to cut down ____54____ trees. We realize that if rivers are polluted with waste products from factories, we will die. _____55___, in most countries waste products are still put into rivers or into the sea, and there are____56____ laws to stop this. We know, too, that if the population of the world countries is ____57___ at the present rate,  in a few years, there will not be enough food.  What can we do to____58_____ these problems? Eat more vegetables and less meat, we will easily get more food. Land that is used to grow crops_____59____ five times more  people than land where animals are ‎ kept. The world population will not rise so quickly if people use modern methods of birth control. Finally, if we educate people to____60____ the problems, we shall have a better and cleaner living place in the future. ‎ ‎41.A. man-made B. natural C. world D. national ‎ ‎42.A. different B. the same C. changeable D. original ‎ ‎43.A. protecting B. saving C. using up D. destroying ‎44.A. at the time B. at one time C. at a time D. at the same time ‎45.A. preventing B. polluting C. hurting D. poisoning ‎46.A. start B. stop C. continue D. begin ‎ ‎47.A. on Mars B. on the moon C. on the earth D. in the future ‎48.A. too large B. much too C. too much D. too many ‎49.A. missing B. left C. lost D. alive ‎50.A. modern B. old C. ordinary D. common ‎51.A. caught B. raised C. brought D.sold ‎52.A. given up B. grown up C. broken down D. cut down ‎53.A. on the rock B. on the land C. in the field D. in the water ‎54.A. less or more B. more or less C. more and more D. less and less ‎55.A. However B. Besides C. But D. While ‎56.A. a little B. little C. a few D. few ‎67.A. reducing B. developing C. rising D. raising ‎58.A. settle B. solve C. work out D. wipe ‎59.A. gives B. eats C. feeds D. bear ‎60.A. learn from B. take care of C. look after D. think about 第II卷 第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。‎ 注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上，每个空格只填1个单词。‎ Parents can help their seventh and eighth grade students stand out in and out of their English classroom by introducing them to newspapers. Newspapers not only offer information on current events, but they can also be used to test your child’s knowledge of grammar, vocabulary, and more. ‎ Who, What, Where, When, Why, and How ‎ Have your child read the first couple of paragraphs of a news story. Ask them to write down all of the important facts, such as who, what, where, when, why and how. This helps parents to see if their children comprehend the basic facts and information they read. ‎ Grammar ‎ Parents can monitor a child’s understanding of grammatical parts of speech （词性） without a grammar textbook. Ask your child to read a paragraph in an article and then list a specific number of nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, pronouns, prepositions and the like, which serves more of a test of their grammatical knowledge. Encourage them to list each of these parts of speech in a paragraph. Then, reread the paragraph to see if they missed anything. ‎ Persuasion ‎ Ask your child to select an advertisement from the newspaper. Have th em investigate how specific words or phrases influence their feelings about a particular product. Then, encourage them to create an advertisement of their own for an item they do not like. Tell them not to show their true feelings and try to make people want to buy this unwanted item. After that, ask them to list the persuasive techniques used in their ad. ‎ Facts vs Opinions ‎ Select an editorial for your middle schooler to read. Have your child divide a piece of paper into two columns, one marked fact, and the other marked opinion. Have your student decide which column it fits under. This will help your child better understand facts versus opinions. Another related exercise is responding to an editorial. Encourage your child to write letters to the editor or responses to editorials or other articles. Before your child sends his or her letter, check the opinion section to see what requirements there are. ‎ Headlines and Synonyms （同义词） ‎ Ask your middle schooler to rewrite a couple of headlines using the synonyms of the original words. Compare the headlines. Do the original versions or the rewrites sound better? This is a great exercise to help students learn synonyms and expand their vocabulary. ‎ If you find your seventh or eighth grade child is struggling with these newspaper activities, it may be an indicator that they have fallen behind in their reading skills. These activities were designed with a seventh or eighth grader in mind; therefore, while they are educational, they should be more of reinforcement instead of a major reading challenge.‎ Outline Supporting details An approach to learning ‎ 61 students in seventh and eighth grades to newspapers can be helpful in learning English.‎ Newspaper 62 ‎ ‎●Ask students to read the first paragraphs of a news story and write down the important and 63 facts to see if they can understand them.‎ ‎●Have students read an article and list different parts of speech to improve their understanding of 64 .‎ ‎●Select an ad and ask students to find the persuasive expressions 65 in it, and then create their own ad for a product they dislike.‎ ‎●Select an editorial and have students 66 between facts and opinions. After that encourage them to write a 67 to an editorial.‎ ‎●Ask students to write a few synonyms and compare them with the 68 headlines to help them with their vocabulary expansion.‎ Possible results ‎●It may 69 that a child is poor at reading if he or she has ‎ 70 with these activities.‎ ‎●These activities, designed for special graders, can not be used as a major reading challenge.‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节；满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处.每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号() 并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ ‎ I asked George, a friend of mine was still alive after the earthquake, what had been happened. He said he had just got into bed at half past eleven when he felt the floor shaking over him. The bed started to shake and he saw electric light was moving. I asked him what he did then, and who replied that he got out of bed quick and went to look out of the window. As he looked, he saw the house to the other side of the street begin to shake, either. Then he knew which was happening. He seized her clothes and rushed out into the street.‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ 假如某报社记者Smith正在调查我们学校学生与家庭成员和班级同学老师之间的关系处情况，请你把以上的情况向Smith反映并提出一些如何改进关系的意见。‎ 要点如下：‎ ‎1、目前的实际情况：学生与家庭成员以及班级同学的关系处理总体上是好的，但也存在着一些问题，与同学吵架，不听从家长和老师的教育等。‎ ‎2、你个人的改进意见（至少两条）。‎ 注意：1、适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 2、词数：100 字左右 ‎成都龙泉第二中学高2014级高考模拟试卷（一）‎ 英语参考答案 第一部分 听力（共两节,满分30分）‎ ‎1—5 BABBC 6—10 BCBBB 11—15 ACBAA 16—20 BCCBA 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)‎ ‎21—24 ABAD 25 – 27 ADB 28—31 CBDD ‎ ‎32—35 CADC 36—40： DGAFC 第三部分　英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第一节 完形填空 ‎41—45 B A C D B 46—50 C C D B A 51—55 A D B C A 56—60 D C B C D ‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎61. Introducing 62. activities 63. basic 64. grammar 65. used ‎66. distinguish/discriminate 67. response/reply 68. original ‎69. indicate/show 70. difficulty/trouble/problems 第四部分 写作（共两节；满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)‎ ‎1. a friend of mine(后加who) was still alive 2. been（去掉） 3. over（改under）4. saw（后加the）electric light 5. who（改he） 6. quick（改quickly） ‎ ‎7.to（改on） 8. either（改too） 9. which（改what） 10. her（改his） ‎ 第二节 作文范文 ‎ Basically, the relationship among us students ,our family ,classmates as well as teachers is good. However, there exist some problems. Some students in our school lose their temper easily because of anxiety or study burden. What’s worse, they sometimes quarrel with others, and even turn a deaf ear to their parents and teachers, which is very disappointing.‎ In my opinion, we students should make every effort to improve the situation. First, we show trust to our parents out of respect and have a heart-to-heart talk with them, if possible. Second, when we are feeling upset, we can communicate more with our friends or teachers. It is likely that they can understand us better and give us some reasonable advice.‎