上海交通大学附属中学2020届高三上学期摸底考试英语试题

上海交通大学附属中学2020届高三上学期摸底考试英语试题

上海交通大学附属中学2019-2020学年第一学期 高三英语摸底考 第I卷 I. Listening Comprehension (25’)‎ Part A Short Conversations Directions: In Part A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.‎ ‎1. A. In the kitchen. B. At home. C. In a fashion shop. D. In a net bar.‎ ‎2. A. 500 yen. B. 1500 yen. C. 2500 yen. D. 5000 yen.‎ ‎3. A. He will pay for the lunch. B. Sue likes Spanish food very much.‎ C. He doesn’t like Spanish food at all. D. Both of them should treat Sue well at dinner.‎ ‎4. A. Boss and employee. B. Doctor and patient.‎ C. Teacher and student. D. Interviewer and interviewee.‎ ‎5. A. She doesn’t have time to find a new flat.‎ B. She has paid three months, rent in advance.‎ C. She is unlikely to find such a satisfactory flat.‎ D. She doesn’t like the idea of decorating an empty flat.‎ ‎6. A. Mike. B. Sandy. C. An unexpected friend. D. A handyman.‎ ‎7. A. Make a recovery plan. B. Find a full-time job.‎ C. Drop out of school. D. Resign from her present job.‎ ‎8. A. The woman was fully absorbed in the music.‎ B. The woman couldn’t understand the music very well.‎ C. The woman lost her way to the conceit that evening.‎ D. The concert was no better than what the woman imagined.‎ ‎9. A. Extreme sports. B. Travel insurance.‎ C. Travel arrangements. D. Courage and safety.‎ ‎10. A. She is talkative. B. She is quiet. C. She is active. D. She is sociable.‎ Part B Passages Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passage and the conversations will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.‎ Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.‎ ‎11. A. 28 billion copies. B. 567 million copies.‎ C. 1953 million copies. D. 2015 million copies.‎ ‎12. A. Interviewed the vice-president of the Commercial Press in China.‎ B. Completed data investigation, collection and examination for the records.‎ C. Compared the sales volumes of the Secret Garden and Harry Potter series.‎ D. Delivered enough copies of Xinhua Dictionary to the presentation ceremony.‎ ‎13. A. It contains colorful cultures of many countries.‎ B. It is the world’s most popular dictionary.‎ C. It is a useful tool for learners of the Chinese language.‎ D. It has influenced several generations of Chinese people.‎ Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.‎ ‎14. A. Over a billion people do not have enough safe drinking water.‎ B. Diseases and 6acteria in the water kill millions of people every day.‎ C. People in developed countries take their clean drinking water for granted.‎ D. Clean, bottled water is expensive to transport to poor rural villages.‎ ‎15. A. It is a plastic straw.‎ B. It uses batteries or electricity.‎ C. It can be used for one year.‎ D. It’s portable and cheap.‎ ‎16. A. Appeal to the government to supply clean water for everyone.‎ B. Provide easy access to clean water to destroy the bacteria.‎ C. Offer the WaterTube free to people in. developing countries.‎ D. Sell the WaterTube to every person who needs one.‎ Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.‎ ‎17. A. A little restaurant. B. A private organization.‎ C. An ice cream shop. D. A snack bar.‎ ‎18. A. More flexible working time.‎ B. Less conflicts with consumers.‎ C. Closer relationship with customers.‎ D. More freedom to make financial decisions.‎ ‎19. A. A program of the Small Business Administration.‎ B. A grant from a private organization.‎ C. Savings in his own bank account.‎ D. Loans from the bank.‎ ‎20. A. He found owing his own business is rewarding.‎ B. He didn’t recommend others to have their own business.‎ C. He chose the location to compete with bigger businesses.‎ D. He found managing a small business is high risky.‎ II. Grammar and Vocabulary (10’+10’+10’)‎ Section A ‎(A)‎ Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.‎ ‎"Monday morning feeling" could be the very crushing pain in the chest ____1____ leaves you sweating and gasping for breath. Recent research from Germany and Italy shows that heart attacks are more common on Monday mornings.‎ A study of 11,000 participants proved 8 am on a Monday morning as ____2____ (stressful) time for the heart, and both studies showed that Sunday is the least stressful day.‎ The findings could lead to a better understanding of what is the immediate cause ‎ of heart attacks, according to Dr. Stefan Willich of the Free University. " We don't know what actually causes heart attacks, so we can 't make specific recommendations about ____3____ to do to prevent them," he said.‎ Monday mornings have a double helping of stress for the working body ____4____ it makes a rapid change from sleep to activity, and from the relaxing weekend to the pressures of work. Willich explained. “It is the unfavorable effect in the blood system and increase of the risk of a clot (血凝块) in the arteries (动脉) ___5___ will cause a heart attack. "When people return to work after a weekend off, they have a higher workload, more stress, more anger and more physical activity," said Willich. "We need to know how these events cause changes in the body ___6___ we can understand if they cause heart attacks."‎ But ____7____ it is tempting to believe that returning to work increases the risk of a heart attack, both Willich and the Italian researchers admit that it is only a partial answer. Both studies showed that the over 65s are also vulnerable on Monday morning ____8____ most no longer work. The reason for this is not clear, but the Italian team speculated that the social interactions — the thought of ____9____ (face) with another week and all its pressures — may play a part.‎ What is clear, however, is that the Monday morning peak seems to be consistent from the northern Germany to southern Italy ____10____ the differences in diet and lifestyle.‎ ‎【答案】1. that ‎ ‎2. the most stressful ‎ ‎3. what 4. as/because ‎ ‎5. that 6. before ‎ ‎7. although ‎ ‎8. even though ‎ ‎9. being faced ‎ ‎10. despite ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了德国和意大利的最新研究表明，心脏病在周一早晨更容易发作并分析了原因。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。句意：“周一早上的感觉”可能是胸口的剧痛，让你出汗，喘不过气来。当指物的先行词有the very修饰时，关系代词用that而不用which，故填that。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 考查形容词最高级。句意：一项对11000名参与者的研究证明，周一早上8点是心脏最紧张的时间，两项研究都表明周日是压力最小的一天。根据“the least stressful”可知此处用形容词最高级形式，故填the most stressful。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 考查宾语从句。句意：我们不知道到底是什么导致心脏病发作，所以我们不能提出具体的预防建议。此处为宾语从句，从句中的do缺少宾语，故填what。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 考查原因状语从句。句意：星期一早晨对工作身体产生双重压力，因为它讯速地从睡眠转变为活动，从放松的周末转变为工作的压力。根据句意可知此处表示原因，故填as/because。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 考查强调句型。句意：对血液系统的不利影响和动脉血栓的风险的增加导致心脏病发作。此处为强调句型，其基本结构为：it is+被强调部分+that+其余部分，本句强调的是主语the unfavorable effect in the blood system and increase of the risk of a clot in the arteries，故填that。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 考查连词。句意：我们需要知道这些是如何导致身体变化的，然后才能了解它们是否会导致心脏病发作。根据句意可知此处表示“在……之前”，故填before。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 考查让步状语从句。句意：不过，尽管人们很容易相信回到工作中会增加心脏病发作的风险，但威利奇和意大利的研究人员都承认，这只是部分原因。根据句意可知前后是让步关系，故填although。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 考查让步状语从句。句意：这两项研究都显示，65岁以上老人在周一早上也很脆弱，即使大多数人不再工作。根据句意可知前后是让步关系，此处表示“即使”，故填even though。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：原因尚不清楚，但意大利团队推测，社交互动——一想到要再面对一周的压力——可能会起到一定作用。be faced with表示“面对”，介词of后接动名词作宾语，故填being faced。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：然而，显而易见的是，尽管在饮食和生活方式上存在差异，周一早晨的高峰似乎从德国北部一直持续到意大利南部。根据句意可知此处表示“尽管”，空后是名词性短语the differences in diet and lifestyle，故填介词despite。‎ ‎(B)‎ Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.‎ A trail of hot springs dot the northern Kapong District. For tree worshipers, it's a site best described as awesome. Visitors can enjoy the ancient hot springs, ____11____ (understand) their therapeutic properties from knowledge ____12____ (pass) down from one generation to another. Rain, drizzle and cloudy skies are typical in Phang Nga, making secluded places even more mesmerizing in scenery.‎ Visit Phang Nga for a few days and you will immediately realise that once ____13____ (overlook) things turn out to be hidden gems and one ___14___ have planned for more time to enjoy them all. The ever-famous Phang Nga bay is in fact best seen not from the middle of the bay, but instead from the ____15____ (elevate) shores of Samed Nang Chee. You can’t pick the best weather, ____16____ even on partly cloudy days, the magnificent natural limestone structures of the bay is simply spectacular.‎ If you've heard about the trading routes of the Thai south and the Malay peninsula, you will notice a remnant of this direct link between Phuket (普吉) and Phang Nga (攀牙). ____17____ the major trading hub of Phang Nga in the old days, the district of Takua Pa boasts a small but untainted stretch of an old Sino-English community. These original century-old shophouses are “so authentic” here a local told me, it can overwhelm Phuket people with nostalgia.‎ However the town centre of Phang Nga is not Takua Pa, though. The story has it ____18____ back in 1809, the Siam-Burmese wars drove people down to Phang Nga bay，hence the new settlement that has now become the province's municipal seat. It's still small in size, but with newer natural charms. Mountains ___19___ (surround) Phang Nga with the most magnificent limestone peaks ___20___ create wonderfully amazing signature views. Driving through the town's small parallel streets and looking up, one can only marvel at Mother Nature. Perpetual rain and misty mornings to virtual greenness --- Phang Nga people will ensure you get all that.‎ ‎【答案】11. understanding ‎ ‎12. passed 13. overlooked ‎ ‎14. should 15. elevated ‎ ‎16. but 17. As ‎ ‎18. that 19. surround ‎ ‎20. that ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了泰国风景胜地攀牙湾的历史和壮美景观。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：游客可以享受古老的温泉，从一代代相传的知识中了解它们的治疗作用。Visitors与understand之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作伴随状语，故填understanding。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意同上，knowledge 与pass down之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作后置定语，故填passed。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：去攀牙玩几天，你会立刻意识到，那些被忽视的东西原来是隐藏的珍宝，你本应该计划更多的时间来享受它们。overlook与 things是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作定语，故填overlooked。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 考查情态动词+have done结构。句意同上，should have done 表示“本应该做而没有做”，故填should。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。事实上，著名的攀牙湾最好的观赏地点不是在海湾中央，而是在地势较高的萨米德南芝海岸。shores与elevate之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作定语，故填elevated。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查连词。句意：你不能选择最好的天气，但即使在多云的日子里，海湾壮观的天然石灰岩结构也是非常壮观的。根据句意可知前后是转折关系，故填but。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：在过去，作为攀牙的主要贸易中心，塔瓜帕区拥有一个小而干净的古老的中英社区。根据句意可知此处表示“作为”，故填As。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查同位语从句。句意：据说早在1809年，暹罗和缅甸之间的战争就把人们赶到了攀牙湾。此处为同位语从句，解释story的具体内容，从句成分完整，用that仅起连接作用，无实义，故填that。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：群山环绕着攀牙，那些最壮丽的石灰岩山峰形成了令人惊叹的独特景观。陈述的是客观事实用一般现在时，主语是Mountains，谓语动词用复数，故填surround。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。先行词为limestone peaks，其前有形容词最高级the most magnificent修饰，关系代词用that而不用which，故填that。‎ Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.‎ People hold different views on almost anything, mainly because of the culture we are familiar with or the education we have received. We live in a judgmental world where people are quick to point out the faults and imperfections of others, yet seem ‎ unaware of their own. Some ___21___ souls believe they have a duty to help you to be a better person by telling you what a failure you really are first and then offering suggestions as to how you can improve.‎ So what is the possible solution to criticism? If you are the one forcing others to feel ___22___ of themselves, STOP. Make a conscious decision rather than focus on the negative aspect of a person's performance or ___23___. You'll offer helpful suggestions from the beginning. If I'm painting our living room and making a mess in doing so, I would like my husband to say to me, "This is a tough job. Can I offer a suggestion that might make it easier for you?" rather than have him point out what a careless painter I am and then tell me how I should be doing it.‎ If you are on the receiving end of criticism, the "OK" response is a perfect solution. When someone comments ___24___ on a task you are doing or a personality issue of yours, a natural response is to defend and attack. However, this approach is rarely effective as it puts both parties on the ___25___ . Instead, simply reply with "OK". This brief one-word response ___26___ the other person's comment without agreeing with it or feeling necessary to engage in a debate about it.‎ It is important to remain ___27___ attached to what the other person is saying, but to listen without feeling, to be an objective observer. In fact, there is much that one can learn from a 12 review. You can ask yourself: Did I make a mistake? Could I have done better? Did I give 100% of myself to the task at hand? If so, how can I improve myself? As for chronic (习惯性的) criticizers: It is important to set strict ___28___ with them. Remove yourself from their ___29___ when necessary.‎ In any case, one can learn to be "OK" with criticism and not allow it to negatively impact your life or relationship with the other party. Examine it for any potential ___30___, and then let it go and just be "OK".‎ ‎【答案】21. H 22. D ‎ ‎23. A 24. I ‎ ‎25. J 26. G ‎ ‎27. K 28. B ‎ ‎29. F 30. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了面对负面评论时，简短的一个字的回答“好”是最佳回应。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：一些被误导的灵魂相信他们有责任帮助你成为一个更好的人，首先告诉你真正的失败是什么，然后就如何改进提出建议。此处作定语修饰名词souls，根据“believe they have a duty to help you to be a better person by telling you what a failure you really are first and then offering suggestions as to how you can improve.”可知此处表示“被误导的”，souls与misguide之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作定语，故填H。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查形容词。如果你强迫别人为自己感到羞耻，不要这样做了。作系动词feel的表语用形容词，feel ashamed of表示“对……感到羞耻”，故填D。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：做一个有意识的决定，而不是关注一个人的表现或动作的消极方面。作动词短语focus on的宾语用名词，根据“performance”可知此处表示“动作”，故填A。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：当有人对你正在做的任务或你的个性问题发表负面评论时，一种自然的反应就是防御和攻击。修饰动词comments用副词，根据“defend and attack”可知此处表示“负面地”，故填I。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：然而，这种方法很少有效，因为它使双方都处于防御状态。on the defensive表示“处于防御状态”，故填J。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这个简短的一个字的回答现在承认了其他人的评论，但没有同意，也没有感觉有必要就此展开辩论。此处缺少动词作谓语，根据“the other person's comment without agreeing with it or feeling necessary to engage in a debate about it.”可知此处表示“承认”，陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是This brief one-word response，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填G。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：对别人所说的话保持情感上的联系是很重要的，但要无感情地倾听，做一个客观的观察者。修饰attached用副词，根据“what the other person is saying, but to listen without feeling, to be an objective observer.”可知此处表示“情感上地”，故填K。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：重要的是要和他们设定严格的界限。作动词set的宾语用名词，根据“Remove yourself from their ___9___ when necessary.”可知此处表示“界限”，故填B。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：必要时远离他们。作from的宾语用名词，根据上文说的与他们设定严格的界限可知此处表示“存在”，故填F。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：检查它是否有潜在的真相，然后随它去吧，只是说“好”。根据上文说的你可以学会接受批评，不要让批评对你的生活或与对方的关系产生负面影响可知此处表示“负面批评的（真相）”，故填C。‎ III. Reading Comprehension (15’+30’)‎ Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.‎ A true reality of retirement planning is that your future is riding on the quality of your assumptions. Humble ___31___ can be dangerous.‎ For example, eight years into this bull market, expecting stocks to deliver as strong returns over the next decade is an uncertain proposition many are nonetheless ___32___.‎ Another potential ___33___ assumption is that you will be able to keep working past 65. Yet the recently released 2017 Retirement Confidence Survey by the nonpartisan Employee Benefit Research Institute finds that more than half of workers say they expect to still be on the clock past age 65. ___34___, less than 15 percent of today's retirees kept working that long.‎ ‎"If you plan on working longer as a way to get by in retirement, you are going to be in trouble," says Craig Copeland, senior research associate at EBRI. "It should ‎ be a ___35___ to a solid savings and spending plan, not the foundation."‎ It's simply too ___36___ to assume you will indeed be able to work longer. A survey by the Transamerica Center for Retirement Studies found that nearly two-thirds of retirees left the workforce earlier than expected because they were laid off, reorganized out of a position, or due to general unhappiness with a job. Only 16 percent of retirees who ___37___ the work force earlier than they expected did so because they felt they could ___38___ afford to.‎ ‎___39___, a new report from Prudential puts a dollar value on why your current employer may not be inclined (倾向于) to do back flips to keep an older you happy and engaged. The estimated one-year cost to a firm when an employee ___40___ retirement: $50,000.‎ Prudential estimates that on a company-wide level, delayed retirement can ___41___ overall workforce costs by 1 percent to 1.5 percent. That's not nothing. And it goes a long way in explaining why employers may be more inclined to focus on "financial wellness" strategies to get workers ready to retire ___42___ than programs to help workers delay retirement.‎ Fewer than one-third of employees surveyed by TCRS report their employer has some sort of "transition" program such as flexible work schedules, reduced hours or ___43___ to a different role.‎ ‎"Workers' vision of retirement is changing faster than employers' business ___44___," said Catherine Collinson, president of TCRS. That makes it ever more crucial for pre-retirees to take the steps today that will increase the ___45___ they can continue to work longer, if that's part of the plan.‎ ‎31. A. pessimism B. optimism C. concern D. consideration ‎32. A. relying on B. holding back C. accounting for D. turning down ‎33. A. reliable B. possible C. flawed D. firm ‎34. A. As a result B. In addition C. Needless to say D. By comparison ‎35. A. complement B. composition C. compliment D. comprehension ‎36. A. ridiculous B. sensible C. risky D. logical ‎37. A. extended B. exited C. existed D. remained ‎38. A. economically B. mentally C. financially D. physically ‎39. A. However B. Therefore C. Instead D. Moreover ‎40. A. delays B. expects C. gets D. decides ‎41. A. influence B. decrease C. increase D. transform ‎42. A. later B. sooner C. faster D. slower ‎43. A. shifting B. altering C. ranging D. functioning ‎44. A. deals B. practices C. customs D. operations ‎45 A. prospect B. capabilities C. odds D. outputs ‎【答案】31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. A 36. C 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. A 41. C 42. B 43. A 44. B 45. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，从几方面分析了员工对延迟退休计划抱有乐观态度是十分危险的。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：谦逊的乐观主义可能是危险的。A. pessimism悲观；B. optimism乐观；C. concern担心；D. consideration考虑。上文说退休计划的真实情况是，你的未来取决于你的假设，再结合第二段举的牛市的例子可知，谦逊的乐观可能是危险的，故B项正确。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：例如，在本轮牛市进入8年后，许多人仍然指望未来10年股市能带来同样强劲的回报，但这是一个不确定的命题。A. relying on指望、依赖；B. holding ‎ back抑制；C. accounting for说明……的原因；D. turning down拒绝。根据空前的“For example, eight years into this bull market, expecting stocks to deliver as strong returns over the next decade”可知，许多人仍然指望未来10年股市能带来同样强劲的回报，但这是一个不确定的命题，故A项正确。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：另一个可能有缺陷的假设是，你将能够在65岁以后继续工作。 A. reliable可靠的；B. possible可能的；C. flawed 有瑕疵的、有缺陷的；D. firm坚定的。空后说然而，由无党派员工福利研究机构最近发布的2017年退休信心调查发现，超过一半的员工表示，他们预计自己仍将在65岁以上的时候上班，相比之下，如今只有不到15%的退休人员能工作那么长时间，由此可知这种假设是有缺陷的，故C项正确。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查介词短语辨析。句意：相比之下，如今只有不到15%的退休人员能工作那么长时间。A. As a result结果；B. In addition此外；C. Needless to say不用说；D. By comparison相比之下。超过一半的员工表示，他们预计自己仍将在65岁以上的时候上班，如今只有不到15%的退休人员能工作那么长时间，前后存在一种对比关系，故D项正确。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：欧洲复兴开发银行高级研究助理克雷格科普兰表示：“如果你打算延长工作时间，以此作为退休后的谋生之道，那你就有麻烦了。”它应该是一个坚实的储蓄和支出计划的补充，而不是基础”。A. complement补充；B. composition作曲；C. compliment称赞；D. comprehension理解。根据空后的“not the foundation.”可知，延长工作时间应该是储蓄和支出计划的补充而不是基础，故A项正确。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：假设你真的能工作更长时间是太冒险了。A. ridiculous荒谬的；B. sensible合乎情理的；C. risky冒险的、有风险的；D. logical逻辑的。根据下文介绍的美国退休研究中心的调查结果可知，假设你真的能工作更长时间是非常冒险的，故C项正确。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：只有16%的退休人员比预期的要早，因为他们觉得经济上可以负担得起。A. extended延伸；B. exited退出、离开；C. existed存在；D. remained保持。空前介绍了调查发现的近三分之二的退休人员提前离开工作岗位的几个原因，因此此处指的是退休人员，故B项正确。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. economically经济地；B. mentally精神上；C. financially财政上；D. physically身体上。上文说人们延长退休时间是为了继续挣钱养家，所以那些提前退休的人能够在经济上负担得起，故C项正确。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，英国保诚保险公司的一份新报告给出了一个美元价值，解释了为什么你现在的雇主可能不愿做后空翻，以让你的老东家满意和敬业。A. However然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Instead相反；D. Moreover此外、而且。空后又提到了一份报告，是对前面的调查的补充说明，故D项正确。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当员工延迟退休时，公司一年的估计费用是：50000美元。A. delays延误、推迟；B. expects期望；C. gets得到；D. decides决定。本文主要讨论的就是员工推迟退休计划，因此此处指员工延迟退休，故A项正确。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：保诚估计，在整个公司范围内，延迟退休会使整体劳动力成本增加1%至1.5%。A. influence影响；B. decrease减少；C. increase增加；D. transform转换。根据常识可知，员工延迟退休，公司会继续按月给他发工资，这会增加公司的劳动力成本，故C项正确。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这也在很大程度上解释了为什么雇主可能更倾向于关注“财务健康”战略，以便让员工提前做好退休准备，而不是帮助员工推迟退休的计划。A. later晚；B. sooner快、提前；C. faster迅速；D. slower缓慢。根据空后的“than programs to help workers delay retirement.”可知，雇主可能更倾向于关注“财务健康”战略是为了让员工提前做好退休准备，而不是帮助他们推迟退休的计划，故B项正确。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：接受TCRS调查的雇员中，不到三分之一的人表示，他们的雇主有某种“过渡”计划，比如弹性工作时间、减少工作时间或转换角色。A. shifting转变、转向；B. altering更改；C. ranging（在……范围内）变动；D. functioning运行。根据句意可知此处指转换角色，shift to表示“转变成为”，故A项正确。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意；TCRS总裁凯瑟琳·柯林森说：“员工退休的愿景变化比雇主的商业行为更快，如果这是计划的一部分，那么对于退休前的人来说，现在采取措施增加他们继续工作更长时间的可能性就变得更加重要。A. deals交易；B. practices实践、行为；C. customs风俗；D. operations操作。business practices表示“商业活动”，故B项正确。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. prospect景色；B. capabilities能力；C. odds几率；D. outputs产量。根据空前的“That makes it ever more crucial for pre-retirees to take the steps today that will increase the”对于退休前的人来说，现在采取措施增加他们继续工作更长时间的可能性就变得更加重要，故C项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】本篇第12空C项faster的干扰性较大，掌握soon与fast的区别是关键，soon与fast都可以表示“快”，区别在于fast强调速度，而soon强调时间，根据空后的“than programs to help workers delay retirement.”可知，雇主可能更倾向于关注“财务健康”战略是为了让员工提前做好退休准备，而不是帮助他们推迟退休的计划，此处指“提前”，强调的是时间短，故B项正确。‎ Section B Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.‎ ‎(A)‎ Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human,” with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance(不满,不平). But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.‎ The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention ‎ to the value of “goods and services” than males.‎ Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de Waals study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different.‎ In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber(without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment(愤恨)in a female capuchin.‎ The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions. In the wild, they are a co-operative, group-living species. Such cooperation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation(愤慨), it seems, are not the preserve of people alone. Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.‎ ‎46. In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by ________.‎ A. making a comparison B. justifying an assumption C. making a conclusion D. explaining a phenomenon ‎47. The statement “it is all too monkey” (Last line, Paragraph I) implies that ________.‎ A. resenting unfairness is also monkeys nature B. monkeys are also outraged by slack rivals C. monkeys, like humans, tend to be jealous of each other D. no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions ‎48. Dr. Brosnan and Dr. de Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys ________.‎ A. prefer grapes to cucumbers B will not be co-operative if feeling cheated C. can be taught to exchange things D. are unhappy when separated from others ‎49. What can we infer from the last paragraph?‎ A. Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions.‎ B. Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.‎ C. Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do.‎ D. Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.‎ ‎【答案】46. A 47. A 48. B 49. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。人人都喜欢大幅加薪，但是当你知道一个同事薪水加得比你还要多的时候，那么加薪带给你的喜悦感就消失的无影无踪了。如果他还以懒散出名的话，你甚至会变得怒不可遏。这种行为被看作是“人之常情”，其潜在的假定其他动物不可能具有如此高度发达的不满意识。但是由佐治亚州亚特兰大埃里莫大学的Sarah Brosnan和Frans de Waal进行的一项研究表明，它也是“猴之常情”。这项研究成果刚刚发表在《自然》杂志上。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 推理判断题。从文章第一段Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human,” with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance(不满,不平). But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.讲人会因为不公平而愤怒，那动物会不会呢？有人认为不会，但是科学研究表明猴子同样会。因此在第一段，作者通过对比介绍了他的主题。故选A。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 词意猜测题。根据上文Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human,” with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance(不满,不平).（这种行为被认为“太具有人性特点了”，其基本假设是，其他动物不会有这种高度发达的不满情绪。）而一项Sarah Brosnan和Frans de Waal进行的研究则表明猴子同样会“因为不公平而不愤怒”，故划线部分的意思是“怨恨不公平也是猴子的天性”，故选A。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 细节理解题。最后一段第二句“Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated.”可知只有当每只动物都觉得自己没有被欺骗时，这种合作才可能是稳定的。即Brosnan博士和de Waal博士最终在他们的研究中发现猴子如果感到被欺骗，就不会合作，故选B。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 推理判断题。最后一段最后一句“whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question”可知这种公平感是在卷尾猴和人类身上独立进化而来的，还是起源于3500万年前的共同祖先，至今仍是一个悬而未决的问题。即人类的对于不公平的愤怒感来自一个不确定的来源。故选D。‎ ‎(B)‎ How to make a resume?‎ ‎1.Format your text.‎ The first thing that a possible employer will see on your resume is the text. For that reason, it is very important that you make the right first impression. Choose a professional font in size 11 or 12. Times New Roman is the classic serif font(衬线字体), while Arial and Calibri are two of the better choices for sans-serif(无衬线字体). Even though sans serif fonts are more popular for resume, Yahoo cites Helvetica as the best font to use for your resumé.‎ Many individuals find that Times New Roman is a little hard to read on a screen. If you are emailing your resume, consider using Georgia instead for a more readable serif font.‎ You can use multiple fonts for different parts of your resume, but try to limit it to two. Instead of changing between fonts, try emboldening or italicizing specific selections of text instead.‎ The font size for your header and the introduction to a section may 14 or 16, but otherwise, you should choose 11 or 12.‎ Your text should always be printed in solid black ink. Make sure to deactivate any hyperlinks (like to your email, address, and phone number) so that they don’t print in blue or another non-black color.‎ ‎2. Set up the page.‎ Your page should have one-inch margins all the way around with 1.5 or 2 point line spacing. The body of your resume will be aligned to the left and your header should be centered at the top of your page.‎ ‎3. Create your heading.‎ This is the section at the top of your resume which gives your contact information including your name, address, email, and phone number. Your name should be in a slightly larger size - either 14 or 16 point font. List your home and cell phone numbers.‎ ‎4. Decide on a layout.‎ There are three general formats for creating a resume: chronological, functional, or combination. Your work history and the type of job you are applying for will determine the layout style you should use.‎ Chronological resumes are used for showing a steady growth in a particular career field. These are best used for someone applying for a job within their career-path to show an increase of responsibility over time.‎ Functional resumes are focused on skills and experience rather than job history. These are best used for someone who may have holes in their work history or who have gained experience from being self-employed for a time.‎ Combination resumes are, as it sounds, a combination of both a chronological and a functional resume. These are used to show off specific skills and how they were acquired. If you have developed a specific skill set from working in a variety of ‎ related fields, then this is the best resume option for you.‎ ‎50. Which font does the author suggest considering the readability of the resume when checked online?‎ A. Georgia B. Times New Roman C. Calibri D. Helvetica ‎51. What is the closest explanation of the word “chronological”?‎ A. arranged according to how important each item is B. arranged according to when things happened or were made C. be specific and concrete in the introduction of something D. state various items in a detailed and separate way ‎52. Which statement is true according to the passage?‎ A. the more colorful your resume is, the more appealing it will be B. there is no need to tell employers where you obtain your specific skills C. your name should be a little bit larger in size, aligned to the left D. blue or other strange colors will appear on your printed resume if hyperlinks are activated ‎【答案】50. A 51. B 52. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何制作简历。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“If you are emailing your resume, consider using Georgia instead for a more readable serif font.”可知，如果你是通过电子邮件发送你的简历，考虑使用乔治亚字体，因此考虑到在线阅读简历的可读性，作者建议使用乔治亚字体，故A项正确。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 猜测词义题。根据倒数第三段中的“These are best used for someone applying for a job within their career-path to show an increase of responsibility over time.”可知，按时间顺序排列的简历最适合那些在其职业生涯中申请工作的人，用来表示随着时间的推移责任的增加，由此可知，时间顺序排列的简历是按照事情发生的时间来安排的，故B项正确。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Make sure to deactivate any hyperlinks (like to your email, address, and phone number) so that they don’t print in blue or another non-black color.”可知，确保停用任何超链接（如电子邮件、地址和电话号码），以便它们不会以蓝色或其他非黑色打印，由此可知，如果超链接被激活，你的简历上就会出现蓝色或其他奇怪的颜色，故D项正确。‎ ‎(C)‎ Two years ago, Rupert Murdoch’s daughter, Elisabeth, spoke of the “disturbing lack of integrity across so many of our institutions”. Integrity had collapsed, she argued, because of a collective acceptance that the only “sorting mechanism” in society should be profit and the market. But “it’s us, human beings who create the society we want, not profit”.‎ Driving her point home, she continued: “It’s increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose, of a moral language within government, media or business could become one of the most dangerous drivers for capitalism and freedom.” This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International, she thought, making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking.‎ As the hacking trial concludes – finding guilty one ex-editor of the News of the World, Andy Coulson, for conspiring to hack phones, and finding his predecessor, Rebekah Brooks, innocent of the same charge –the wider issue of lack of integrity still stands. Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people. This is hacking on an industrial scale, as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire, the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking. Others await trial. This long story still unfolds.‎ In many respects, the lack of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place. One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom, how little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired how the stories arrived. The core of her successful defence was that she knew nothing.‎ In today’s world, title has become normal that well-paid executives should not ‎ be accountable for what happens in the organizations that they run, and perhaps we should not be so surprised. For a generation, the collective doctrine(主义) has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit. The words that have mattered are efficiency, flexibility, shareholder value, business–friendly, wealth generation, sales, impact and, in newspapers, circulation. Words degraded to the margin have been justice, fairness, tolerance, proportionality and accountability.‎ The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding, to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity. It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact. Ms Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories, but she asked no questions, gave no instructions—nor received traceable, recorded answers.‎ ‎53. According to the first two paragraphs, Elisabeth was upset by ________.‎ A. the consequences of the current sorting mechanism B. companies’ financial loss due to immoral practices C. governmental ineffectiveness on moral issues D. the wide misuse of integrity among institutions ‎54. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that ________.‎ A. Glem Mulcaire may deny phone hacking as a crime B. more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking C. Andy Coulson should be held innocent of the charge D. phone hacking will be accepted on certain occasions ‎55. The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows _________.‎ A. generally distorted values B. unfair wealth distribution C. an unpopular lifestyle D. a strict moral code ‎56. Which of the following is suggested in the last paragraph?‎ A. The quality of writing is of primary importance.‎ B. Common humanity is central to news reporting.‎ C. Moral awareness matters in editing a newspaper.‎ D. Journalists need stricter industrial regulations.‎ ‎【答案】53. A 54. B 55. A 56. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讨论了当前社会分类机制造成的不良影响——导致诚信缺失、价值观扭曲。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“spoke of the “disturbing lack of integrity across so many of our institutions”. Integrity had collapsed, she argued, because of a collective acceptance that the only “sorting mechanism” in society should be profit and the market.”可知，伊丽莎白谈到了“我们许多机构令人不安的诚信缺失”，她认为，诚信已经坍塌，因为人们集体接受，社会上唯一的分类机制应该是利润和市场，由此可知，伊丽莎白对当前分类机制造成的诚信缺失深感不安，故A项正确。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“This is hacking on an industrial scale, as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire, the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking. Others await trial. This long story still unfolds.”可知，正如《世界新闻报》2001年聘用的电话窃听专家格伦•穆尔凯尔所承认的那样，这是一场工业规模的窃听。有些人在等待审判，这漫长的故事还在继续，言外之意，更多的记者可能被判犯有电话窃听罪，故B项正确。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“In today’s world, title has become normal that well-paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organizations that they run,”可知，如今，头衔已经成为一种常态，高薪主管不应该对他们所管理的组织内发生的事情负责，再结合“Words degraded to the margin have been justice, fairness, tolerance, proportionality and accountability.”可知，如今，公平、容忍、相称和问责等词已降到了最低限度，由此可知，作者认为当前的集体主义反映了普遍扭曲的价值观，故A项正确。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding, to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity. It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and ‎ impact.”可知，作者谴责编辑《世界新闻报》的目的不是为了增进读者的理解，公平地对待所写的内容，或是背叛任何共同的人性，相反，它是为了破坏生活，以寻求流通和影响，由此可知，编辑报纸时道德意识很重要，故C项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】推理判断题的难度在于根据文章已知信息进行合乎逻辑的推断，切不可凭借主观臆断，例如本篇第2题，根据第三段中的“This is hacking on an industrial scale, as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire, the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking. Others await trial. This long story still unfolds.”可知，正如《世界新闻报》2001年聘用的电话窃听专家格伦•穆尔凯尔所承认的那样，这是一场工业规模的窃听。有些人在等待审判，这漫长的故事还在继续，特别是“Others await trial”和“This long story still unfolds”暗示了更多的记者可能被判犯有电话窃听罪，故B项正确。‎ Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there is one sentence more than you need.‎ Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan province, has an ancient rivalry with Chongqing, a city to its south-east. Residents of Chongqing accuse their Chengdu cousins of being pompous(自大的).___57___. Both cities share a love of spice-laden Sichuan cuisine, which in recent decades has conquered Chinese palates(味觉). But they are at war over which has the best Sichuan hotpot—a type of DIY-cooking that involves boiling vegetables and slices of meat in a communal broth with chillies and numbing peppercorns.‎ ‎____58____It describes how it developed from a method used to make cheap offcuts of meat taste delicious. But Chengdu is playing catch-up. In January the city sold a plot of land on condition that the developer build a hotpot museum on part of it. Such presumptuous behaviour will test the famous fiery tempers of Chongqing-ites. Chengdu may be the capital of Sichuan cuisine’s eponymous province, but Chongqing was part of Sichuan for long periods of history until 1997. It is now the capital of its own province-sized region, which is also called Chongqing.‎ The two cities are among many in China with their own styles of hotpot. The stories ‎ behind these dishes reveal how different regions like to see themselves. Chongqing’s is said to highlight the ingenuity(心灵手巧) of the proletariat(工人阶级). Other places describe their hotpots as the sophisticated food of emperors. Some say theirs have military origins: warriors on the march boiling scraps in their helmets. Hotpot contents are equally diverse. To keep warm in winter, Beijingers boil fatty lamb in a berry broth. ____59____‎ ‎____60____Some older Sichuanese disown it altogether. They complain that it is causing an escalation of chilli-use in other dishes that drowns out subtle flavours. Chua Lam, a celebrity food critic based in Hong Kong, caused a stir in December when he wished hotpot would disappear from the face of the Earth. He dismissed it as “the most uncultured form of cooking”, requiring no real culinary knowledge.‎ A. A private museum in Chongqing, opened several years ago, makes the case for Chongqing-style hotpot.‎ B. But Chengdu’s plans for a museum suggest that Sichuan hotpot is not only growing in popularity, but is also becoming iconic.‎ C. Not all Chinese warm to hotpot.‎ D. The people of Chongqing are hotheads, Chengdu dwellers shoot back E. Because Sichuan-style broths are the most commonly savoured in China.‎ F. Mint-suffused Yunnanese hotpot reflects the province’s links with South-East Asia.‎ ‎【答案】57. D 58. A ‎ ‎59. F 60. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了重庆和成都的火锅一哥之争背后的火锅文化。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 根据空前的“Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan province, has an ancient rivalry with Chongqing, a city to its south-east. Residents of Chongqing accuse their Chengdu cousins of being ‎ pompous(自大的).”可知，四川省会成都与东南部城市重庆自古以来就在竞争。重庆人指责成都的兄弟们过于自负，此处承接上文，讲的还是两个城市的人民互相竞争的例子，故D项（重庆人是急性子，成都人则会回击）符合语境。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 根据空后的“But Chengdu is playing catch-up. In January the city sold a plot of land on condition that the developer build a hotpot museum on part of it.”可知，但成都正在迎头赶上，今年1月，成都出售了一块土地，条件是开发商在其中修建一座火锅博物馆，由于两个城市存在竞争关系，所以此处应该会提到重庆建立了一家火锅博物馆，故A项（几年前在重庆的一家私人博物馆对外开放，展示了重庆火锅的特色）符合语境。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 根据空前的“Hotpot contents are equally diverse. To keep warm in winter, Beijingers boil fatty lamb in a berry broth.”可知，火锅的配料食材也呈现出多元化，为在冬天变得暖和，北京人用葱姜清汤涮肥美的羊肉，此处还应该是举一个别的地方独特的配料食材的例子，故F项（云南的薄荷火锅反映了云南与东南亚的联系）符合语境。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 根据空后的“Some older Sichuanese disown it altogether. They complain that it is causing an escalation of chilli-use in other dishes that drowns out subtle flavours.”可知，一些上了年纪的四川人声称并不钟情于火锅，他们抱怨火锅的流行导致其他菜肴辣椒的增多，掩盖了原来微妙的味道，这说明并非每个人都喜欢火锅，故C项（不是所有的中国人都喜欢吃火锅）符合语境。‎ ‎【点睛】在六选四的解题过程中，抓住上下文的暗示很重要，例如本篇第2题，根据空后的“But Chengdu is playing catch-up. In January the city sold a plot of land on condition that the developer build a hotpot museum on part of it.”可知，但成都正在迎头赶上，今年1月，成都出售了一块土地，条件是开发商在其中修建一座火锅博物馆，上文说重庆和成都一直在竞争，此举应该是成都对重庆的一种“挑衅”行为的反击，所以此处应该会提到重庆建立了一家火锅博物馆，故A项（几年前在重庆的一家私人博物馆对外开放，展示了重庆火锅的特色）符合语境。‎ IV. Summary Writing.(10’)‎ ‎61.Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.‎ In many organizations, perhaps the best way to approach certain new projects is to assemble a group of people into a team. Having a team of people attack a project ‎ offers several advantages.‎ First of all, a group of people has a wider range of knowledge, expertise and skills than any single individual is likely to possess. Also, because of the numbers of people involved and the greater resources they possess, a group can work more quickly in response to the task assigned to it and can come up with highly creative solutions to problems and issues. Sometimes these creative solutions come about because a group is more likely to make risky decisions that an individual might not undertake. This is because the group spreads responsibility for a decision to all the members and thus no single individual can be held accountable if the decision turns out to be wrong.‎ Taking part in a group process can be very rewarding for members of the team. Team members who have a voice in making a decision will no doubt feel better about carrying out the work that is entailed (引起) by the decision than they might doing work that is imposed on them by others. Also, the individual team member has a much better chance to “shine”, to get his or her contributions and ideas not only recognized but recognized as highly significant, because a team's overall results can be more far-reaching and have greater impact than what might have otherwise been possible for the person to accomplish or contribute working alone.‎ ‎【答案】Having a team of people working on a project has many advantages. First, a group works more quickly in response to a task because they have a wider range of knowledge, expertise and skills. Besides, a group is more likely to make risky decisions resulting in creative solutions. Moreover, team members can also benefit from group work.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达是概要写作，要求概括在一个项目中拥有一个团队的三个优势，包括团队对任务的反应更快，想出创造性的解决方案，以及团队成员可以从团队工作中受益，注意词数要求和使用自己的语言。‎ ‎【详解】1、写之前，需要认真仔细地读几遍原文材料，让理解更深刻。‎ ‎2‎ ‎、遵循原文的逻辑顺序，对重要部分的主题、标题、细节进行概括，全面清晰地表明原文信息。‎ ‎3、给摘要起一个好标题，比如：可以采用文中的主题句。‎ ‎4、尽量使用自己的话完成，不要引用原文的句子，篇幅控制在原文的三分之一或四分之一长。‎ 第II卷 V. Translation(3’+3’+4’+5’)‎ Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.‎ ‎62. 你的思想越开明，就越不容易受他人观点的影响。(The more)‎ ‎63. 到底是什么让你对考试结果抱有如此乐观的态度？(it)‎ ‎64. 面对激烈的竞争和许多不确定因素，家长对孩子的学业成绩感到焦虑是一件很正常的事。(face)‎ ‎65. 社会发展的速度飞快，如果你固执于陈旧的观念无法跟上时代的步伐，那么不久你就会被时代抛弃。(So)‎ ‎【答案】62. The more open-minded you are, the less easily you’ll be influenced by others’ opinions. ‎ ‎63. What is it that makes you hold such a positive attitude towards the result of the examination? ‎ ‎64. When parents are facing / faced with fierce competition and plenty of uncertainties, it is natural for them to feel anxious about their children’s academic performance. ‎ ‎65. So fast is the society developing that if you stick to outdated concepts and can’t keep up with the pace of the times, it won’t be long before you are abandoned / deserted by the times.‎ ‎【解析】‎ 本题考查汉译英，注意按括号内的要求翻译。‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ 考查固定句式。“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……，越……”，根据句意可知，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，故翻译为：The more open-minded you are, the less easily you’ll be influenced by others’ opinions.‎ ‎【63题详解】‎ 考查强调句型的特殊疑问句形式。强调句型的特殊疑问句结构为：what is it that…?‎ 陈述的是客观情况，应该用一般现在时，故翻译为：What is it that makes you hold such a positive attitude towards the result of the examination?‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ 考查face的用法和形式主语。face表示“面对”时是及物动词，后面直接接宾语，也可用短语be faced with表示“面对”，根据句意可知本句用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，故翻译为：When parents are facing / faced with fierce competition and plenty of uncertainties, it is natural for them to feel anxious about their children’s academic performance.‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ 考查so…that的倒装和条件状语从句。stick to表示“坚持、固执于”，keep up with 表示“赶上”，so…that结构中so连同它所直接修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时，主句要进行倒装，that后的结果状语从句不倒装，if引导的条件状语从句的复合句遵循“主将从现”原则，故翻译为：So fast is the society developing that if you stick to outdated concepts and can’t keep up with the pace of the times, it won’t be long before you are abandoned / deserted by the times.‎ VI. Guided Writing (25’)‎ ‎66.Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese 现在，国家规定高中生必须参加社会实践活动，社会上对此反响不一。教育专家们认为这有利于培养学生服务社会的意识，而有些家长认为这浪费了学生很多时间。请谈谈你的看法。‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Nowadays, our country stipulates that senior high school students should participate in social practice activities, which causes different social ‎ repercussions. Education experts believe that it helps to cultivate students' awareness of serving the society, while some parents think that it wastes a lot of time for students.‎ In my point of view, we students will undoubtedly benefit a lot from taking part in social practice activities. Above all, we will be provided with more opportunities to contact with the real world outside the campus. Moreover, in social practice activities, we can apply our knowledge to the solution to practical problems, so our social practice skills will be improved greatly. Besides, social practice helps strengthen our social responsibility. In view of the above, I think it is necessary for senior high school students to participate in social practice activities.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达是开放性作文，要求对一项规定发表自己的看法。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求对一项规定发表自己的看法：现在，国家规定高中生必须参加社会实践活动，社会上对此反响不一。教育专家们认为这有利于培养学生服务社会的意识，而有些家长认为这浪费了学生很多时间。请谈谈你的看法。时态应为一般现在时。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如； social practice activities（社会实践活动），stipulate（规定），repercussion（反响），cultivate（培养）， awareness（意识），responsibility（责任感）及strengthen（增强）等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。‎ ‎【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有participate in（参加），provide sb with sth（提供给某人某物），benefit from(从……中受益)，contact with (与……联系)，apply…to…（将……应用于……）以及in view of（鉴于……），而且还使用了非限定性定语从句“Nowadays, our country stipulates that senior high school students should participate in social practice activities, which causes different social repercussions.”，宾语从句Education experts believe that it helps to cultivate students' awareness of serving the society, while some ‎ parents think that it wastes a lot of time for students.”，状语从句“Moreover, in social practice activities, we can apply our knowledge to the solution to practical problems, so our social practice skills will be improved greatly.”，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。‎ ‎ ‎