山东省师大附中2020届高三上学期10月阶段性检测英语试题

山东省师大附中2020届高三上学期10月阶段性检测英语试题

‎2019-2020学年高三阶段性监测 英语试题 ‎(考试时间:120分钟 试卷满分:150分)‎ 注意事项:‎ ‎1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。‎ ‎2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。‎ ‎3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。‎ 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)‎ 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。‎ 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7. 5分)‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选山最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ What kind of sports did the man like very much?‎ A. Football. B. Tennis. C. Basketball.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: I hold that every kind of sports contributes to our well-being. Which one do you like best?‎ M: I once enjoyed football so much. Now I think nothing can compare with basketball.‎ ‎2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ How will the man go to Hong Kong from Shanghai?‎ A. By air B. By subway. C. By bus.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: On the first day, you will leave Shanghai for Hong Kong on the night flight. And you’ll stay there for two days. You will then go to Shenzhen by subway on the third day and stay two nights there.‎ M: That sounds great. I’m looking forward to it. And can I get back by train?‎ W: Of course.‎ ‎3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ Where does the conversation most probably take place?‎ A. In a laboratory. B. In a hospital. C. In a lawyer’s office.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 原文】M: Are these treatments really necessary? They don’t seem to be of much help.‎ W: Just be patient, Mr. Paris. I’m sure you’ll see some results soon.‎ ‎4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ What happened to the man?‎ A. He was asked to go back home.‎ B. He caught a bad cold days ago.‎ C. He gave the bug to his workmates in the office.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: You look run-down, Brian.‎ M: Yeah. I’ve been feeling under the weather recently. I caught a bad cold last week, and I still haven’t gotten over it. Even though I seem to be over the worst of it, I don’t want to give the bug to anyone in the office.‎ W: Uh, better not. Well, you want to take sick leave? All you need now is a good, long rest.‎ M: I guess so.‎ ‎5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ What do we know about the man?‎ A. He hasn’t got the chance to perform.‎ B. He hasn’t much time to practice.‎ C. He is sure of winning the contest.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: Are you planning to enter the singing contest?‎ M: Of course This is a great chance for me to show off my beautiful voice.‎ W: Do you think you have a chance to be the winner?‎ M: A chance? Not just a chance, I’m a hundred percent certain. I still have 5 days to practice.‎ 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)‎ 听下面5段对话或对白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎6. How was the rain last month?‎ A. It had been raining for half a month.‎ B. It rained heavily and washed away the soil.‎ C. The rainfall was half of the monthly average.‎ ‎7. What is the season now?‎ A. Autumn. B. Summer. C. Spring.‎ ‎【答案】6. C 7. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: I think a drought has set in. It hasn’t rained a drop for months.‎ M: I think so, too, but didn’t it rain last month?‎ W: It did rain last month, but the rainfall was only half the monthly average.‎ M: Oh. That’s bad!‎ W: That’s right. It’s really bad. I’m really concerned though not panicked yet.‎ M: I don’t blame you. The pastures have browned out even before the summer hasn’t arrived.‎ W: Yeah, and the soil has been baked so hard that the plow can’t even break the soil.‎ M: Looks like it’s going to be an ongoing thing that would get worse each day.‎ W: Yeah. If it doesn’t rain, it’s going to get critical.‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎8. What do we know about the walking shoes?‎ A. They’re sold with a pair of socks.‎ B. They’re soft because of the material.‎ C. They’re too loose without the inner sole.‎ ‎9. What is the man unsatisfied with?‎ A. The shoes polish. B. The original shoelaces. C. The color of the shoes.‎ ‎【答案】8. B 9. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: Hello. Do you carry walking shoes?‎ W: Yes, we do. This is such a large shoes store that we can carry almost everything.‎ M: That’s good. Can you show me some walking shoes?‎ W: Yes. This pair is made of calf leather, very soft.‎ M: Let me try it on, and see how it fits.‎ W: It looks comfortable.‎ M: But it seems a little tight.‎ W: That’s because you are wearing heavy socks.‎ M: What about if I take the inner sole(鞋垫)off?‎ W: That’ll help.‎ M: Yes, it’s more comfortable now. But can I change these round shape shoelaces(鞋带)?‎ W: You can if you want. But this original one lasts longer.‎ M: I know that. But it loosens easily.‎ W: That’s all right. I’ll change you another pair of shoelaces.‎ M: Thanks. I also need some shoes polish if there’s any.‎ W: We carry plenty of them here.‎ M: I’ll take two. Black and brown, one each.‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎10. What does the man ask the woman to do while he is dialing?‎ A. Make a shopping list.‎ B. Arrange the place for the party.‎ C. Find some fun things for the party.‎ ‎11. Who won’t come to the party?‎ A. David. B. Jane. C. David’s girlfriend.‎ ‎12. What will the man do?‎ A. Call those boys once more.‎ B. Go to visit David’s girlfriend.‎ C. Do shopping with the woman.‎ ‎【答案】10. A 11. B 12. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: What’s your plan for the weekend?‎ M: I’ve no idea.‎ W: What about having a party?‎ M: That’s good. Who will you invite and where to?‎ W: Maybe Jane, Jack, Tony, and… just these old fellows in my new house. What’s your opinion?‎ M: That’s great. I haven’t seen them for days! Everyone’s busy.‎ W: Now, go and call them as soon as possible to assure when they’ll come, so that we could prepare for it earlier.‎ M: Leave it to me. And you can make a shopping list while I’m dialing. I’ll be back in a minute.‎ W: OK.‎ M: Hey! Good news and bad news, which one is first wanted?‎ W: Come to the point!‎ M: OK, Jane has to go to work this weekend, that is to say there’ll be 13 people including you and me.‎ W: And the good news is…‎ M: David promised to carry his girlfriend! So it’s OK now. That’s a great idea! I’ll call the boys again to remind them that they must carry their girlfriends! More people, more fun!‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎13. What is the man?‎ A. An inventor. B. A professor. C. A reporter.‎ ‎14. Who is Hermione Granger based on?‎ A. The woman.‎ B. One of the woman’s best friends.‎ C. The woman’s favorite teacher.‎ ‎15. What was beyond the woman’s expectation?‎ A. The publication of the Harry Potter books.‎ B The popularity of the Harry Potter books.‎ C. The inspiration for the Harry Potter books.‎ ‎16. How different will the woman’s future books on Harry Potter probably be?‎ A. Rather exciting. B. More realistic C. Rather scary.‎ ‎【答案】13. C 14. A 15. B 16. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: Where do you get your idea from, Mrs. Rowling?‎ W:Where the idea for Harry Potter《哈利·波特》came from I really couldn’t tell you. I was traveling on a train between Manchester and London, and it just popped(突然出现)into my head. I spent four hours thinking about what Hogwarts would be like-the most interesting train journey I’ve ever taken. By the time I got off at King’s Cross, many of the characters in the books had already been invented.‎ M: Are any of the characters in the books based on real people?‎ W: Tricky question! The answer is yes and no. I have to confess that Hermione Granger is a little bit like I was at her age, though I was neither as clever nor as annoying. Ron is a little bit like my best friend and Professor Snape is a lot like one of my old teachers, but I’m not saying which one.‎ M: How long have you been writing?‎ W: Nearly all my life. I had written two novels before I had the idea for Harry Potter, though I’d never tried to get them published.‎ M: Did you expect the Harry Potter books to be so successful?‎ W: Never. I just wrote the sort of thing I liked reading when I was younger. I didn’t expect lots of people to like them. In fact, I never really thought much apart from getting them published.‎ M: Any clues about the next book?‎ W: I don’t want to give anything away, but I can tell you that the books are getting darker… Harry Potter’s going to have quite a bit to deal with as he gets older. Sorry if they get too scary!‎ M: Thanks for your time.‎ W: You’re welcome.‎ 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎17. What is the passage mainly about?‎ A. A visit to Arab. B. The business in Arab. C. The Arabs’ customs.‎ ‎18. What is an unpleasant behavior for Arabs?‎ A. Talking business immediately.‎ B. Having refreshments before talking.‎ C. Discussing business in front of strangers.‎ ‎19. What should people do when a meeting is interrupted?‎ A. Stop talking and leave.‎ B. Pretend not to hear and goon.‎ C. Let someone know your displeasure.‎ ‎20. Why do Arabs rarely say”No”directly?‎ A. They consider it impolite to a guest.‎ B. They think it is disrespectful to God.‎ C. They want to have lots of time to consider.‎ ‎【答案】17. C 18. A 19. B 20. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: Arabs(阿拉伯人) consider it extremely bad manners to start talking business immediately. Even the busiest government official always takes extra time to be polite and offer refreshments. No matter how busy you are, you should make time for this.‎ The conference visit is a way of doing business throughout the Arab world. Frequently, you will have to discuss your business in the presence of strangers, who may or may not have anything to do with your business. Do not be surprised if your meeting is interrupted several times by people who come in talking, and leave. Act as though you do not hear, and never show displeasure at being interrupted.‎ Making decisions quickly is not an Arab custom. There is a vagueness in doing business in the Middle East which will puzzle a newcomer. Give yourself lots of time and ask lots of questions.‎ When an Arab says “yes”, he may mean “maybe”. When he says “maybe”, he probably means “no”. You will seldom get a direct “no” from an Arab because it is considered impolite. Instead of “no” he will say “nshallah”, which means, “if God is willing”. On the other hand, “yes” does not necessarily mean “yes”. A smile and a slow nod might seem like an agreement, but in fact, your host is being polite. An Arab consider it impolite to disagree with a guest.‎ 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，进出最佳选项。‎ A Shana,Robyn,and I stood on the high platform near the tops of the rainforest trees.We were wearing heavy helmets on our heads and had thick leather straps around our waists,which made seats that hung from a thick wire overhead.The wire was hung between the platform we stood on and another platform far in the distance.‎ This was the zip line,an adventure I had sworn I would not do on our family trip to Costa Rica.I was afraid of heights,afraid of falling,and afraid of zipping through the air above the rainforest at 30 miles per hour.Yet here I was,fastened in and ready to go.‎ ‎“Who goes first?”our guide asked. My sisters exchanged a glance-neither of them stepped forward.I’d been teased for being a”scary cat”ever since I was four when I tripped(绊倒)and fell on an escalator.Even my parents,while relieved by my cautious ways,were worried that I’d miss out on enjoyable activities.No longer willing to let life pass me by,I stepped to the edge of the platform,sat back in the leather seat,and pushed off.Absolute terror filled me as I screamed and zoomed through the trees with my eyes squeezed shut.Before I could totally process what was happening,I landed safely on the second platform.‎ As my sisters flew in behind me,the guide attached me to the next wire,and I was off again.This time,fear was replaced with excitement,and I was able to look around me as I zipped.There-a toucan(犀鸟)!And was that a sloth(树懒) right at eyelevel?‎ By the time we had finished all the zip line journeys,I was shouting not with terror but with joy.And to think how close I’d come to missing it all!‎ ‎21. Why had the writer sworn not to go on the zip lines?‎ A. She thought she would not see anything.‎ B. She had a fear of heights.‎ C. She was afraid of the rainforest animals.‎ D. She hated wearing the helmet and straps.‎ ‎22. What made the writer decide to go on the zip lines?‎ A. The support of his parents. B. The tease of his sisters.‎ C. The encouragement of his own. D. The order of his guide.‎ ‎23. How did the writer find the zip line Journey in the end?‎ A. Risky but rewarding. B. Nothing but frightening.‎ C. Tiresome and unhappy. D. Joyful but fruitless.‎ ‎【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和姐妹们的一次高空绳索之旅的经历，作者开始感到恐惧到后来变得兴奋。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段的I was afraid of heights,afraid of falling,and afraid of zipping through the air above the rainforest at 30 miles per hour.可知，作者非常害怕高处，害怕坠落，因此不敢继续绳索之旅。故选B。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段的No longer willing to let life pass me by,I stepped to the edge of the platform,sat back in the leather seat,and pushed off. 我不再愿意让生命从我身边经过，我走到平台的边缘，在皮椅上往后一靠，推了下去。可知，作者说服自己，鼓励自己最终有勇气跳下去。故选C。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章可知，作者开始时是非常害怕的，根据最后一段的By the time we had finished all the zip line journeys,I was shouting not with terror but with joy.And to think how close I’d come to missing it all! 当我们完成了所有的高空绳索之旅时，我不是因为害怕而是因为高兴而大叫。想想看，我差点就错过了这一切! 可知，作者觉得冒险，但很值得。故选A。‎ B Your colleague’s sharp comment keeps replaying in your mind.Two of your students are trapped in a”he said/she said”battle.When you reflect on your emotional reactions,you sometimes get caught up in cycles of negative feelings,which can make you feel even worse.If so,the answer may lie in a skill called”self-distancing”,the ability to take a step back and view yourself more objectively.According to a research,when people adopt self-distancing while discussing a difficult event,they make better sense of their reactions,experience less emotional suffering,and display fewer signs of stress.‎ But what might self-distancing look like in action? Consider a typical”he said/she said”student conflict where they are each focusing on their own feelings.One is thinking,‘‘I can't believe he did that to me”And another insists.”She really hurt my feelings”However,if you ask them to take the self-distancing,they might step outside of themselves and ask broader questions:”Why was he so hurt in this situation?”or”How did her anger affect him?”‎ Although this approach may sound too simple to be effective,studies indicate that a change in point of view can have a powerful effect on the way people think,feel,and behave. Here are several different techniques you can try.‎ First,consider how a thoughtful friend might respond after quietly observing their situation.Besides,avoid using the pronoun”I”.Focus on using third-person pronouns,he,she,they,and they were able to see the stressful event as challenging rather than threatening.Finally,ask yourself,”How would I feel about this one week from now or ten years from now?”This form of mental time travel may be effective because our attention is directed away from our immediate,concrete circumstances.‎ ‎24. What is self-distancing?‎ A. Getting stuck in negative emotions.‎ B. A stressful situation.‎ C. A study on relieving emotional stress.‎ D. Reflecting on yourself objectively.‎ ‎25. Which of the following statement uses the techniques of self-distancing?‎ A. I’m angry with him.‎ B. How did these two people get to this point?‎ C. How I wish I could go back to the past!‎ D. He grabbed my notes，and then，and then…‎ ‎26. What is the best title for the passage?‎ A. Why Self-distancing Matters B. The Disadvantages of Self-distancing C. Breaking the Cycle of Negative Reflection D. Ways to Reflect on Emotional Reactions ‎【答案】24. D 25. B 26. C ‎【解析】‎ 分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了应对自己的消极情绪时的一种技巧。当我们陷入消极情绪的循环中，会让我们感觉更糟。如果采用“自我疏远”的技巧，我们会更好地理解自己的反应，经历更少的情感痛苦，表现出更少的压力迹象。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段的If so,the answer may lie in a skill called”self-distancing”,the ability to take a step back and view yourself more objectively.可知，自我疏远指的是后退一步，更客观地看待自己的能力。故选D。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段的Besides, avoid using the pronoun”I”.Focus on using third-person pronouns,he,she,they,and they were able to see the stressful event as challenging rather than threatening. 此外，避免使用代词“我”。注意使用第三人称代词，他，她，他们，他们能够把压力事件视为挑战而不是威胁。可知，选项A,C,D均使用了第一人称，而B“这两个人是怎么走到这一步的?”使用的是第二人称。故选B。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了应对自己的消极情绪时的一种技巧。当我们陷入消极情绪的循环中，会让我们感觉更糟。如果采用“自我疏远”的技巧，我们会更好地理解自己的反应，经历更少的情感痛苦，表现出更少的压力迹象。因此，本文的最佳标题为“打破消极反思的循环”。故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】文章细节的理解的是非辨别题型，是一类综合事实细节题,出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确,只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正”(三项错误,只有一项符合原文内容)。需要考生根据文章中的具体信息去核对并进行排除。本文的第2‎ 小题属于该类型的细节理解题。根据最后一段的Besides, avoid using the pronoun”I”.Focus on using third-person pronouns,he,she,they,and they were able to see the stressful event as challenging rather than threatening. 此外，避免使用代词“我”。注意使用第三人称代词，他，她，他们，他们能够把压力事件视为挑战而不是威胁。可知，选项A,C,D均使用了第一人称，而B“这两个人是怎么走到这一步的?”使用的是第二人称。‎ C Shop with Your Doc is part of a broader and still growing movement in US medicine to shift the focus away from simply treating disease toward caring for the whole person.It is meant to help people make educated,healthy choices,one grocery cart at a time.Across the country,hospitals are setting up food banks and medical schools are putting cooking classes on the curriculum.Nonprofits are connecting medical centers with community resources to ensure that low-income Americans have access to fresh fruits and vegetables.‎ For centuries,Western medicine’s mission was to cure disease.”But over the past generation,two significant trends are of concern to the medical community,”says Timothy Harlan,executive director of Goldring Center for Culinary Medicine at Tulane University in New Orleans.Healthcare costs began to increase sharply,and relatively inexpensive, poor-quality food became more common.”There’s a very straightforward link between people improving their diets and improving the condition that they have,”Dr·Harlan says.‎ The connection drove the medical and nonprofit communities to rethink their approach 10 health.What emerged(浮现)was the concept of the”social determinants of health”-the concept of taking into account the biological,physical,and socioeconomic circumstances surrounding a patient.A healthy person isn’t just someone who is free from disease,the theory goes；he or she also enjoys”a state of complete mental,physical and social well-being.”‎ The question the medical community now faces is how to get patients-especially low-income families-to recognize these determinants and make it possible for them to eat and live healthier.In Boston,medical experts responded by creating an on-site pantry(食品室)at Boston Medical Center.Since its founding in 2002,the pantry has evolved into a kind of nutrition center when primary care providers at BMC send patients food.Today the pantry, which gets 95 percent of its stock from the Greater Boston Food bank,hosts free cooking classes and serves about 7,000 people a month.The Greater Boston Food Bank has also launched its own initiatives(倡议),striking partnerships with four ‎ community health centers across the state to offer free mobile produce markets.The organization also helped develop toolkits(软件包)that map local pantries,markets that accept government food vouchers(代金券),and other resources.‎ At Tulane in New Orleans,Harlan is leading the development of a curriculum that combines medicine with the art of food preparation.His philosophy:Doctors who know their way around a kitchen are better at helping their patients.And empowering(增强自主权) patients to take charge of their own diets is one way to help them deal with the incredible costs of health care,Harlan says.The curriculum has since been adopted at 35 medical schools around the United States.”Chipping away at bad habits is a good place to start getting patients to think about the choices they make for themselves and their families,”says Dr Maureen Villasenor,the Orange County pediatrician(儿科医生).‎ ‎27. The aim of Shop with Your Doc is to________.‎ A. help patients relax before an operation B. assist patients in finding food fit for them C. control people’s food consumption in supermarkets D. persuade low-income families to take more fruits and vegetables ‎28. Paragraph 2 mainly talks about___________.‎ A. the role Western medicine has been playing B. how a new concept of health came into being C. medical communities’worries about food safety D. why low-income families are less reliable on healthcare ‎29. What do we know about the Greater Boston Food Bank?‎ A. Its cooking classes are free of charge.‎ B. It treats many a patient from BMC.‎ C. It helps people locate pantries and markets.‎ D. It was founded at the beginning of the 21st century.‎ ‎30. What can be inferred about the curriculum developed by Harlan?‎ A. It appeals to a number of us medical schools.‎ B. It is specially designed for doctors in communities.‎ C. Its content has little to do with medicine.‎ D. Its philosophy is questioned by Dr.Maureen Villasenor.‎ ‎【答案】27. B 28. C 29. C 30. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在美国医学界广泛兴起的运动，该运动旨在将人们的注意力从简单的治疗疾病转移到照顾整个人。它的目的是帮助人们做出有教育意义的、健康的选择。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段的It is meant to help people make educated,healthy choices,one grocery cart at a time. 它的目的是帮助人们做出有教育意义的、健康的选择，一次一个购物车。可知，它是帮助病人找到适合他们的食物。故选B。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 主旨大意。第二段主要说明了医疗费用开始急剧增加，相对便宜、质量差的食物变得更加普遍。哈兰博士说:“人们改善饮食和改善身体状况之间存在着非常直接的联系。”因此，本段的主要内容是要医学界非常担心人们的饮食安全。故选C。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的Today the pantry, which gets 95 percent of its stock from the Greater Boston Food bank,hosts free cooking classes and serves about 7,000 people a month.The Greater Boston Food Bank has also launched its own initiatives(倡议),striking partnerships with four community health centers across the state to offer free mobile produce markets.可知，食品银行帮助人们找到食品储藏室和市场。故选C。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段的The curriculum has since been adopted at 35 medical schools around the United States. 该课程已经被美国35所医学院采用。可知，很多医学院采用了该课程。故选A。‎ 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的进项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ The idea that I would be rewarded if I worked hard enough was deeply rooted in me.So I spent long hours in the lab,steadily filled pages in my notebook,and was praised for my hard work.When my experiments didn’t produce the exciting results they were expected to,I thought I just needed to work more.___31___I didn’t know what to do.It was late in the evening.One other person was still in the ‎ lab:A postdoc(博士后),who noticed my situation,came over and gently asked how I was doing I told him about my struggles with the experiment and that I felt like a failure. ___32___After we talked through the experiment,the postdoc said,”I think it's time to go home and get some sleep”He added with a smile,”Taking a break is also hard work,you know?”‎ Those comments planted the seed of a new approach:novel ideas do not come from a mind constantly under pressure.My best ideas and”aha”moments almost always come after I allow my mind to relax-whether that’s playing video games with my brother,cooking a nice dinner,or going on long hikes with my wife.___33___‎ Today,a decade after that eye-opening evening in the lab.I try to pass this mindset on to my own students.Not too long ago in the lab one night,I walked by one of my students.I gently asked how she was doing.With a defeated look,she responded that the plan for the experiment refused to work,again,despite many attempts.I couldn’t help but see myself all those years ago.___34___I asked her why we do what we do.Often it comes down to pursuing curiosity and passion.‎ How can we foster that spirit? ___35___Work-life balance is not a harmful thing to excellent research,or an optional bonus,but a fundamental pan of it.‎ A. So I worked even harder,ignoring the result.‎ B. Part of working smarter,I realized,call be taking a break.‎ C. The answer does not include working ourselves to exhaustion.‎ D. By striking a balance between working hard and getting some sleep.‎ E. I didn’t tell him that I was also wondering what was wrong with me.‎ F. Yet here I was,working harder than ever-but not getting anywhere.‎ G. We talked for a while about academic life and what it means to be a researcher.‎ ‎【答案】31. F 32. E 33. B 34. G 35. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。作者认为只要足够努力，就会得到回报，作者一直很努力。后来遇到了困难，一个博士的话改变了作者的做事方法。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 根据上文When my experiments didn’t produce the exciting results they were expected to,I thought I just needed to work more.可知，作者实验不成功，认为只要更努力就行，结合下文I didn’t know what to do可知，作者做了很多工作，却徒劳无功。因此，选项F ‎“然而，我却在这里，比以往任何时候都更加努力地工作，但却一事无成。”最合上下文语境。故选F。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 根据上文I told him about my struggles with the experiment and that I felt like a failure.可知，作者告诉了他在实验中遇到的困难，觉得自己是个失败者。因此，选项E“我没有告诉他我也在想我到底怎么了。”与上文衔接最好。故选E。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 根据上文语境可知，作者一直认为只要足够努力就一定会有回报，博士的话改变了作者的做事方法。结合上文的I allow my mind to relax-whether that’s playing video games with my brother,cooking a nice dinner,or going on long hikes with my wife.可知，作者允许自己休息，因此，选项B“我意识到，聪明工作的一部分就是休息。”最合语境。故选B。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 结合上文语境及根据下文I asked her why we do what we do.Often it comes down to pursuing curiosity and passion. 我问她我们为什么这么做。通常归结起来就是追求好奇心和激情。可知，他们进行了交谈，因此，选项G“我们聊了一会儿学术生活，以及成为一名研究人员意味着什么。”最合语境。故选G。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 根据上文语境可知，作者开始认为只要一直努力工作，就能有回报，后来懂得劳逸结合。结合上文的提问How can we foster that spirit? 我们怎样才能培养这种精神呢?可知，下文应是对本问题的回答，选项C“答案不包括让自己工作到筋疲力尽”与上文衔接最好。故选C。‎ 第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1. 5分，共30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ I would like to send a huge shout out Valerie,a manager at Home Depot.I together with my son-a boy with special needs,came in to ___36___up a refrigerator box that she ___37___for me. I was ___38___to use it to build a police car for Halloween around my son’s wheelchair.When I explained the ___39___to Valerie,she did not ___40___to offer help.After getting the box,Valerie started to ___41___down to cut the box for me. My son was happy to ___42___her and they got along well with each other in doing the work.‎ After we got the box loaded,Valerie helped us brainstorm and find the other ___43___ we would ‎ need.Then as we neared the checkout,she had the entire order ___44___. I tried to refuse but she just said that it would bless her ____45____.My disabled son may not have understood anything ____46____that Valerie was kind and patient with him,but I really appreciated this huge act of ____47____.The biggest blessing for me was the way she ____48____my son and the way he responded to her.‎ Thanks to Valerie,Home Depot was also ____49____their Saturday craft work-shops(手工艺作坊)into my son’s school.This way,our special kids could have ____50____ to a wonderful environment,where they could make their own crafts! Almost all kids in the class were ____51____ at the activities,which made them feel the value of themselves.It turned out to be ____52____with all of them at last.‎ I think one of the most ____53____things that special-needs parents need to understand is that it's OK to let other people in.Sometimes it's hard to accept others’____54____,but when you refuse it,you ____55____stand in the way of letting other people bless you and in turn that blesses them.‎ ‎36. A. build B. pick C. show D. cut ‎37. A. kept B. bought C. made D. chose ‎38. A. commanded B. planning C. studying D. instructed ‎39. A. theory B. problems C. rules D. project ‎40. A. hesitate B. pretend C. Agree D. Dare ‎41. A. bend B. take C. turn D. put ‎42. A. trust B. pity C. please D. Join ‎43. A. material B. methods C. ideas D. assistance ‎44. A. changed B. shared C. paid D. arranged ‎45 A‎. quickly B. privately C. quietly D. greatly ‎46. A. along with B. next to C. instead of D. other than ‎47. A. understanding B. kindness C. harmony D. politeness ‎48. A. considered B. treated C. taught D. charged ‎49. A. transforming B. adapting C. bringing D. adding ‎50. A. admission B. access C. attachment D. reaction ‎51. A. embarrassed B. confused C. surprised D. excited ‎52. A. demanding B. imaginary C. popular D. familiar ‎53. A. difficult B. important C. pleasant D. meaningful ‎54. A. respect B. guidance C. help D. invitation ‎55. A. even B. clearly C. exactly D. actually ‎【答案】36. B 37. A 38. B 39. D 40. A 41. A 42. D 43. A 44. C 45. D 46. D 47. B 48. B 49. C 50. B 51. D 52. C 53. B 54. C 55. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己和儿子在做手工时接受他人的帮助，从而感悟出：有特殊需要的父母需要了解的最重要的事情之一是，允许其他人进入是可以的。有时候很难接受别人的帮助，但当你拒绝时，你实际上是站在了让别人祝福你的路上，反过来也祝福了别人。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和我的儿子，一个有特殊需要的男孩，进来拿起她为我准备的冰箱盒子。A. build建造；B. pick挑选；C. show展示；D. cut切。根据下文语境及After getting the box,Valerie started to ___6___down to cut the box for me. 可在，作者是去拿盒子，pick up捡起，收拾。故选B。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. kept留着，保留；B. bought买；C. made制作；D. chose选择。根据下文When I explained the ___4___to Valerie,she did not ___5___to offer help.可知，是作者向Valerie求助，帮助找冰箱盒子，因此，此处用kept最合语境。故选A。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我打算用它在我儿子的轮椅周围造一辆警车作为万圣节的礼物。A. commanded命令；B. planning计划；C. studying学习；D. instructed指导。根据下文语境及句意可知，作者计划给儿子做万圣节礼物。故选B。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我向瓦莱丽解释这个项目时，她毫不犹豫地提供了帮助。A. theory原理；B. problems问题；C. rules规则；D. project计划，工程。根据上文I was ___3___to use it to build a police car for Halloween around my son’s wheelchair.可知，此处是指作者的计划，故选D。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. hesitate犹豫；B. pretend假装；C. Agree同意；D. Dare敢。根据下文After getting the box, Valerie started to ___6___down to cut the box for me.可知，Valerie接受了他的请求，故选A。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：拿到箱子后，瓦莱丽开始弯腰帮我剪箱子。A. bend弯曲；B. take拿；C. turn转弯；D. put放。bend down蹲下，弯腰，根据可知，此处是指她蹲下开始和我们一起制作警车，故选A。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我儿子很高兴加入她一起工作，他们在工作中相处得很好。A. trust信任；B. pity 怜悯；C. please愿意；D. Join加入。根据and后的they got along well with each other in doing the work.可知，儿子很高兴加入。故选D。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们把箱子装好后，瓦莱丽帮我们集思广益，找到我们需要的其他材料。A. material材料；B. methods方法；C. ideas主意；D. assistance帮助。根据上文可知，瓦莱丽为我们找来箱子，和我们一起做警车，因此，此处是指帮我们找其它需要的材料。故选A。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，当我们接近收银台时，她已经付了所有的订单A. changed改变；B. shared分享；C. paid支付；D. arranged安排。根据句意可知，去收银台应该是付款。故选C。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我试图拒绝，但她只是说，这将大大保佑她。A. quickly迅速地；B. privately私下地；C. quietly安静地；D. greatly大大地。根据上文语境可知，此处是指瓦莱纳认为她给我们提供的帮助对她也是很大的保佑。故选D。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查介词短语辨析。句意：除了瓦莱丽对他的善良和耐心，我残疾的儿子可能什么都不明白，但我真的很感激她的这种巨大的善举。A. along with连同；B. next to挨着；C. instead of 而不是；D. other than除了。根据后面的but I really appreciated this huge act of ___12___.可知，此处用other than最合句意，故选D。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. understanding理解；B. kindness善良；C. harmony和谐；D. politeness礼貌。根据上文瓦莱丽对作者的热心和帮助可知，此处是指她的善良。故选B。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对我最大的祝福是她对待我儿子的方式和他对她的回应。A. considered考虑；B. treated对待；C. taught教；D. charged充电。根据上文瓦莱丽给我们提供的帮助可知，此处是指她对待儿子的方式和回应。故选B。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：多亏了瓦莱丽，家得宝也把他们的周六手工作坊带到了我儿子的学校。A. transforming转变；B. adapting适应；C. bringing带来；D. adding增加。根据句意可知，是带进学校，bring…into把……拿入。故选C。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这样，我们特殊的孩子就可以进入一个美妙的环境，在那里他们可以制作自己的工艺品A. admission进入许可；B. access机会；C. attachment附件；D. reaction反应。根据上文Thanks to Valerie,Home Depot was also ___14___their Saturday craft work-shops(手工艺作坊)into my son’s school.可知，儿子有机会进入这么好的环境制作手工。have access to使用，可以利用。故选B。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：班上几乎所有的孩子都对这些活动感到兴奋，这使他们感到了自己的价值。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. confused困惑的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. excited兴奋的。根据从句部分made them feel the value of themselves.可知，孩子们非常兴奋，开心。故选D。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后结果证明它受到了他们所有人的欢迎。A. demanding要求；B. imaginary想象；C. popular流行的，受欢迎的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据上文Almost all kids in the class were ___16___ at the activities,which made them feel the value of themselves.可知，孩子们很喜欢，受他们欢迎。故选C。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为有特殊需要的父母需要了解的最重要的事情之一是，允许其他人进入是可以的。A. difficult困难的；B. important重要的；C. pleasant高兴的；D. meaningful有意义的。结合上文语境及下文的but when you refuse it,you ___20___stand in the ‎ way of letting other people bless you and in turn that blesses them.可知，此处是指重要的事情。故选B。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查动名词义辨析。句意：有时候很难接受别人的帮助，但当你拒绝时，你实际上是挡住了让别人祝福你的路，反过来也祝福了别人。A. respect尊重；B. guidance引导；C. help帮助；D. invitation邀请。根据上文语境可知，此处是指接受别人的帮助很难。故选C。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. even甚至；B. clearly清楚地；C. exactly恰好地；D. actually实际上。根据上文语境及句意可知，拒绝别人的帮助实际上就是阻止了被人对你的祝福，故选D。‎ 非选择题部分 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Do you have a fear of public speaking? For the longest time,I had such kind of fear.It's common.In fact,various scientific reports have shown that the fear of speaking in public ___56___ (rank) higher than the fear of ___57___ (die).This may sound a bit extreme to many of you but ___58___you get nervous and sweat like crazy just at the thought of speaking in front of people,then you probably know that the fear is somewhat understandable.‎ I remember I used to fear public speaking.My legs would get weak as I ___59___(walk)to the front of the audience.I would avoid eye contact unless I found someone with a ___60___(smile)face.Then I would just stare at hat person for ___61___whole speech.‎ Have you experienced these things? They are not ___62___(exact)good experiences.I will share my experiences in overcoming fear of public speaking.The most important thing is to practice.You can do this ___63___ joining such kind of clubs.If that’s not possible,then just practice doing speeches in front of anyone,even yourself in the mirror an imaginary audience. Volunteer ___64___(do)short speeches whenever you can get the chance.The more you do it,the ___65___(easy)it will become.‎ ‎【答案】56. is ranked ‎ ‎57. death 58. if ‎ ‎59. walked 60. smiling ‎ ‎61. the 62. exactly ‎ ‎63. by 64. to do ‎ ‎65. easier ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。我们都有在公开场合讲话恐惧，本文作者分享了克服演讲恐惧的经验。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：事实上，各种科学报告表明，在公共场合演讲的恐惧程度要高于对死亡的恐惧。本句的主语是the fear of speaking与谓语rank之间是被动关系，根据句意可知，使用一般现在时，因此，用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is ranked。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 考查名词。the fear of后跟名词，die是动词，其名词形式为death（死亡）。故填death。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 考查连词。句意：对很多人来说，这可能听起来有点极端，但如果你一想到要在众人面前讲话就紧张得冒汗的话，那么你可能知道这种恐惧是可以理解的。根据句意可知，本句需用if引导条件状语从句。故填if。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 考查时态。句意：我记得我曾经害怕公开演讲。当我走到观众前面时，我的腿就会发软。根据句意可知，讲述的是过去的事情，用一般过去式。故填walked。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。设空后是face是名词，需用形容词修饰，因此用所给动词的现在分词形式做该名词的定语。故填smiling。‎ ‎【61题详解】‎ 考查冠词。the whole speech指的是整个演讲。whole前常用the修饰。故填the。‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ 考查副词。分析句式可知，设空处是修饰形容词good，因此，用副词修饰形容词。故填exactly。‎ ‎【63题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：你可以通过参加这样的俱乐部来做这件事。根据句意及后面的doing可知，此处用表达“通过……”的介词。故填by。‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：只要有机会，就自愿去做简短的演讲。volunteer to do sth自愿做某事。故填to do。‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ 考查形容词比较级。句意：你做得越多，就会变得越容易。the+比较级，the+比较级，表示“越……，越…… ”，结合句意。故填easier。‎ ‎【点睛】时态是常考考点，除了要求考生掌握各个时态的基本用法之外，考生需具有在具体语境中辨别能力。时态的判定往往根据句中所给的直接或间接的时间状语来判定，但要注意的是不能完全依赖于所给出的时间状语，还要看语境。本题中的第四小题考查的是时态。据句意可知，讲述的是过去的事情，用一般过去式。‎ 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节 作文写作(满分15分)‎ ‎66.假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Jackson打算近期来中国实地参观，了解一下中国文化，但不确定去哪个城市，所以来信征求你的建议，请你给他回信，内容包括:‎ ‎1.你所推荐的城市；‎ ‎2.推荐理由(至少两条)；‎ 注意:‎ ‎1.词数80左右；‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Jackson,‎ Pleased to know that you are to visit China soon. I recommend Beijing, the capital and cultural center of China to you. The reasons are as follows.‎ Beijing enjoys a high reputation for its abundance of ancient architecture and museums where precious relics of historical interest are waiting for you to explore. Besides, the exceptional Peking ‎ Opera performances are also what you can’t miss.‎ Wish you a very happy and meaningful time in China!‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文，要求写一封回信。‎ ‎【详解】根据提示信息，假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Jackson打算近期来中国实地参观，了解一下中国文化，但不确定去哪个城市，所以来信征求你的建议，要求你给他回信。1.首先注意时态使用一般现在时，其次人称使用第三人称。2.根据文章的写作要求，可以分为两大部分;第一部分推荐一个城市；第二部分说明你推荐这是城市的理由。 3. 注意使用高级词汇和句式，为文章增添色彩；注意使用连接词、衔接词，使文章自然、流畅。‎ ‎【点睛】文章要点齐全，思路清晰。文章使用了几个高分句型。1. Beijing enjoys a high reputation for its abundance of ancient architecture and museums where precious relics of historical interest are waiting for you to explore. 本句是where引导的定语从句。2. Besides, the exceptional Peking Opera performances are also what you can’t miss.what引导的表语从句。‎ 第二节 读后续写(满分25分)‎ ‎67.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。‎ On Christmas Eve,seventy-three-year-old George selected his food carefully.Skim milk was $2.99 white bread,89 cents with a 10-cent discount Leaving the cashier,he calculated that he had saved 80 cents today.‎ At the exit, the wind reminded him of his gloves.”Where are they?”Not in the coat pockets.Not in the grocery bag either.He was sure he was wearing them when he entered the store.He clearly remembered putting them into the pocket of this coat.George made a second thorough search of all his pockets,again including the grocery bag.Now he was sure they must have been dropped somewhere inside the store.‎ Old George had bought the black leather gloves at a 25％discount,for just $35.00,ten years ago.They were soft and warm and very durable.He had taken care not to let a drop of water or rain touch his expensive gloves,so they looked like new.Losing this favorite possession was almost like losing a child to him.‎ George,calm on the outside but nervous inside,re-entered the store.He followed the same route he had walked before,starting at the bread counter,to the milk section,the corner where salt and sugar were placed,then the rest of the store.Several minutes of anxious searching turned out to be in vain.He asked the customers whether they saw a pair of black leather gloves,but they said no.Then he went over to the cashier without hesitation to ask if she had received any lost gloves,but only received the same answer.His heart grew heavier.‎ ‎“Society has changed,people have changed,”he murmured to himself.”Years ago,if somebody picked up something lost,they would give it back.Now a good action is lost.”‎ Yet he did not give up hope.He started to stare at anybody wearing black gloves to see if they looked like his.The first two persons he saw did wear gloves,but one was women’s and the other not black.a 注意: 1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；‎ ‎2.应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；‎ ‎3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；‎ ‎4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。‎ Paragraph 1:‎ Suddenly,he found a man looking like a lawyer,wearing black leather gloves.‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2:‎ During the whole holiday,he was always thinking whether to buy a new pair.‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Possible version 1‎ Suddenly, he found a man looking like a lawyer, wearing black leather gloves. Abrupt as it might seem, George came up without hesitation and asked if they were his, but there came a disappointing answer. On second thought, he realized nobody would be so foolish as to wear them right inside the store. He had no other alternative but to ask the cashier to keep them in case the lost gloves were found.‎ ‎ Then he dragged his legs towards the exit.‎ During the whole holiday, he was always thinking whether to buy a new pair. After all, in deep winter, he could not do without gloves. Finally poor George decided to buy another pair of leather gloves. With the last ray of hope, he stepped into the store again. No sooner had he opened the door than the cashier told him there was indeed one such pair as he lost. after examining them carefully, he was wild with joy, expressing sincere gratitude and saying to himself that a good action was never lost.‎ Possible version 2‎ Suddenly, he found a man looking like a lawyer, wearing a pair of black leather gloves. The same color and the same style. He felt a dull flush of anger creeping up his face. Without hesitation, he dashed to the man, grasped his hand and started to have a wild argument. But his rage began to fade when he noticed the gloves still had the price tag on them. Suddenly, embarrassment came dominating him. After profuse apologies, he paced out speechlessly with hands in his coat pockets, frustrated and desperate.‎ During the whole holiday, he was always thinking whether to buy a new pair. Sorrow kept clouding his heart day and night. Just as he was to give up, a call from the store lit up his hope again. His gloves was found by a customer, and was now at the cashier’s! His face was brightened with excitement. With hands trembling, he exclaimed, “I do know a good action is never lost!”‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文，要求续写文章。‎ ‎【详解】文章续写难度较大，1.精读文章，确定文章线索，本文是老人购物，接着心爱的手套丢失，然后是续写下一部分，根据提示Suddenly,he found a man looking like a lawyer,wearing black leather gloves.可知，下一部分是寻找丢失的手套，但没有找到，根据第二段的提示词During the whole holiday,he was always thinking whether to buy a new pair. 可知，本段是围绕买不买新的手套及旧手套的到底找到没有展开的故事。‎ ‎2.仔细审题，明确续写要求，如字数限制、使用几处下划线关键词语、续写段落的首句提示等，做到“心中有数”。3.标出所使用的原材料中标有下划线的关键词语，最后誊写文字时，务必做到“字迹工整、清晰”。‎ ‎【点睛】本文情节展开合理，思路清晰。高分句型：1. He had no other alternative but to ask the ‎ cashier to keep them in case the lost gloves were found. 本句是in case引导的条件状语从句。2. No sooner had he opened the door than the cashier told him there was indeed one such pair as he lost. 本句是no sooner...than结构中，no sooner位于句首，句子倒装。3.But his rage began to fade when he noticed the gloves still had the price tag on them. when引导的时间状语从句。 4.During the whole holiday, he was always thinking whether to buy a new pair. 本句是whether引导的宾语从句。5.Just as he was to give up, a call from the store lit up his hope again.本句是as引导的时间状语从句。‎ ‎ ‎