山西省大同市2020届高三上学期开学考试模底英语试题

山西省大同市2020届高三上学期开学考试模底英语试题

大同市2020届高三学情调研测试试题（卷）‎ 英语试题 注意事项：‎ ‎1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在本试题相应的位置。‎ ‎2. 全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试题上无效。‎ ‎3. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂 黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案用0.5mm 黑色笔迹签字笔写在答题卡上。‎ ‎4. 考试结束后，将本试题和答题卡一并交回。‎ ‎5. 本试卷共12页，听力部分满分30分，不计入总分，其余题共150分；考试时间 120分钟。‎ 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答 案转涂到答题卡上。‎ 第一节（共5个小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最 佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题 和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. What will the man do tomorrow morning?‎ A. Pick someone up. B. Take the plane. C. See the woman off.‎ ‎2. What is the man doing?‎ A. Cooking. B. Repairing the pan. C. Filling up his car.‎ ‎3. Where does the conversation probably take place?‎ A. At the airport. B. On the plane. C. On a bus.‎ ‎4. What does the woman suggest the man do?‎ A. Have a rest. B. Turn off the TV. C. Leave the job to her.‎ ‎5. What is the woman?‎ A. A doctor. B. A waitress. C. An operator.‎ 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分.满分22. 5分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选 项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题，‎ ‎ 每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听下面一段对话,回答第6和第7两个小题。‎ ‎6. What color does the man want?‎ A. White. B. Black. C. Yellow.‎ ‎7. What's the price of the shirt?‎ A. ¥ 120. B. ¥112. C. ¥100.‎ 听下面一段对话,回答第8至第10三个小题。‎ ‎8. What is the man's mother going to do?‎ A. Meet the woman. B. See a doctor. C. Go back home.‎ ‎9. When did the man get his new car?‎ A.A week ago. B. Two weeks ago. C. A month ago.‎ ‎10. Which one is the man's new car?‎ A. A gray BMW. B. A white Nissan. C. A black Honda.‎ 听下面一段对话•回答第11至第13三个小题。‎ ‎11 How much will the man pay for the trip all together?‎ A. $339. B.$678. C. $1,356.‎ ‎12. What does the man's package include?‎ A. Five nights* accommodation and air tickets.‎ B. A sightseeing tour on boat and accommodation.‎ C. The stay and meals.‎ ‎13. What can we learn from the conversation?‎ A. The man has just got married.‎ B. The speakers will take a boat to the destination.‎ C. The Maid of the Mist is the most beautiful scenery.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。‎ ‎14. What is the relationship between the speakers?‎ A. Teacher and student. B. Workmales. C. Doctor and patient.‎ ‎15. What does the man usually eat for lunch?‎ A. A sandwich and a cup of coffee. B. Noodles. C. Some snacks.‎ ‎16. How does the man go along with his work?‎ A. He does his work very well.‎ B. He doesn't like his work.‎ C. He has a lot of trouble in his work.‎ ‎17. What does the woman ask the man to do?‎ A. Eat more vegetables. B. Take some exercise. C. Be away from work.‎ 听下面一段独白•回答第18至第20三个小题。‎ ‎18. Which book will you choose if you likes science?‎ A. Shallow Earth B. Give me Shelter. C. Jump for the Stars.‎ ‎19. Who are the main characters of Shallow Earth?‎ A. A group of soldiers. B. A group of players. C. Two young people.‎ ‎20 What is Tray McGrady?‎ A. A basketball player. B. A director. C. A writer.‎ 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。‎ A What is Small-sided Soccer?‎ Small-sided Soccer starts with games of 3-on-3 from the youngest participants and progresses to 4-on-4, 7-on-7, 11-on-11, in a graduated manner for the older groups. Out school's training course will give kids a better chance to take part in the game and get excited about the game of soccer. The small-sided approach gives each child more individualized attention so they can each improve their skills. And, it's FUN!‎ Some general practical information ‎• Cafeteria is open.‎ ‎• We supply participants with soccer clothes and football boots.‎ ‎• Please bring a water bottle for your child.‎ Soccer season training times Team Saturday Sunday Tykes ‎10:00-11:00‎ PeeWees ‎11:00-11:50‎ BoysE&F ‎12:30-14:00‎ ‎13:00-14:00‎ Girls ‎12:30-14:30‎ Costs The cost is $70 per month for Tykes and PeeWees and $115 for all the other teams.‎ Those who enter online will get a 10% discount.‎ Volunteering Can I coach?‎ Of course! Our training course is always looking for volunteer coaches. We will provide coaches with plans for activities and training, and help set up the small-sided fields. It's a great opportunity to get involved with kids and help develop their love for sports.‎ How can I volunteer in other ways?‎ It's your club and you are welcome to volunteer! There are volunteer opportunities with programs, fields, publicity, facilities, uniforms, website development and the board, to name a few. Let us know how you'd like to help—and we'll put you to work!‎ Do parents stay?‎ Yes. Parents are strongly encouraged to stay and support their children and the club. The club is a volunteer-run organization. Parents and athletes are encouraged to help with clean-up and . set—up activities.‎ If you have any questions about program specifics, please contact recreational soccer coordinator协调者）,Pablo Vercelli, at recreationalsocceiabfsport.nl Tel:‎ ‎ 043-239-4409.‎ ‎1. What do you know about the training course?‎ A. Coaches will make plans for activities and training.‎ B. Parents can volunteer for the training course.‎ C. It offers three meals a day for free.‎ D. It teaches students according to their interest.‎ ‎2. George entered for the PeeWees training time online. How much does he have to pay?‎ A. $70 B. $63 C. $115 D. $103.5‎ ‎3. What can we learn from the passage?‎ A. Pablo Vercelli was the founder of Small-sided Soccer.‎ B. Parents who help with clean-up don't need to pay for the course.‎ C. Both Tykes and BoysE&F have classes on Sunday.‎ D. Both Tykes and PeeWees have the same charging standard .‎ ‎4. Where do you probably read the article?‎ A. In a science fiction. B. In a medical magazine.‎ C. In a newspaper. D. In a guidebook.‎ ‎【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 4. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇应用文，是一则关于足球培训课程的广告。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Parents are strongly encouraged to stay and support their children and the club. The club is a volunteer-run organization.”可知，俱乐部欢迎家长留下来为培训课程做志愿服务，故B项正确。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Costs部分中的“The cost is $70 per month for Tykes and PeeWees”及“Those who enter online will get a 10% discount.”可知，PeeWees的正常价格是70美元/月，报名参加在线课程享受10%的折扣，所以George报名参加PeeWees的在线课程需要支付63（70－70×10%）美元，故B项正确。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Costs部分中的“The cost is $70 per month for Tykes and PeeWees and ‎ $115 for all the other teams.”可知，Tykes和pee都有相同的收费标准，都是每个月70美元，故D项正确。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文是一则关于足球培训课程的广告，因此最有可能出现在报纸中，故C项正确。‎ B My family lives in Texas. I was born and brought up in Texas and I am a graduate of the University of Texas. However, around my second year in law school, I wanted to make a great change, which was almost unheard of for Texans: I wanted to leave!‎ I realized this after completing my first-year internship（实习期）.I knew I wanted something different and my chance came during the 2011 Super Bowl in Dallas. A snowstorm blanketed the entire city in snow and thousands of people were gathered. I overheard that StubHub, a big company from a great city, San Francisco, was throwing a party next door to my hotel. I thought if I could get an internship, I could leave for the summer and at least see what it was like. Yes, it was a huge leap. I told myself I was ready.‎ There was just one problem: I wasn't invited to the StubHub party. But you know I'm the type of person who goes for something she wants. Needless to say, I crashed the party and found my way to the president. I kindly introduced myself and then asked if they had a legal internship program. Guess what? They accepted my request to be a legal intern, even though no such program existed.‎ Although the legal department didn't have a permanent position for me, the experience has shaped my life. Working for a great company in San Francisco, I'm incredibly happy for making my decision to leave Texas.‎ By leaving Texas I learned that it is so much more rewarding to try the unfamiliar than to stay in the comfortable. Exploring the unfamiliar is how you'll understand what fits your life. I say, dive in head first.‎ ‎5. What happened to the author in Dallas in 2011 ?‎ A. She was accepted as a legal intern. B. She played in the Super Bowl.‎ C. She escaped from San Francisco. D. She met up with her family.‎ ‎6. The author was able to leave Texas because_____.‎ A. she introduced herself to the president of StubHub B. she watched the 2011 Super Bowl in Dallas C. she dropped out of the University of Texas D. a snowstorm blanketed the entire city in snow ‎7. Which is the biggest lesson that the author learned from the experience?‎ A. You must choose a career that you like.‎ B. Jumping out of your comfort zone is rewarding.‎ C. Accepting who you are makes you realize your strengths.‎ D. You should listen to your family to learn about your potential.‎ ‎8. Which of the following words best describe the author?‎ A. Patient and modest. B. Supportive and energetic.‎ C. Intelligent and humorous. D. Determined and positive.‎ ‎【答案】5. A 6. A 7. B 8. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者离开德克萨斯去达拉斯向StubHub公司的董事长毛遂自荐并得到了一个实习机会，这个经历让作者认识到跳出舒适区是值得的。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They accepted my request to be a legal intern”可知，2011年，作者在达拉斯被接受为一名法律实习生，故A项正确。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I crashed the party and found my way to the president. I kindly introduced myself and then asked if they had a legal internship program. Guess what? They accepted my request to be a legal intern”可知，作者离开德克萨斯州是因为她向StubHub公司的董事长毛遂自荐并得到了一个实习机会，故A项正确。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I learned that it is so much more rewarding to try the ‎ unfamiliar than to stay in the comfortable.”可知，通过这个经历，作者认识到尝试不熟悉的东西比呆在舒适的环境中更有意义，也就是说跳出你的舒适区是值得的，故B项正确。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“I'm the type of person who goes for something she wants. Needless to say, I crashed the party and found my way to the president. I kindly introduced myself and then asked if they had a legal internship program. Guess what? They accepted my request to be a legal intern”可知，作者是那种追求她想要的东西的人，虽然没有被邀请，但还是直接找到StubHub公司的董事长毛遂自荐并得到了一个实习机会，这说明她很有决心和态度很积极，故D项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】涉及到人物性格特点的推理判断题难度较大，抓住人物在文中的话语或事例是关键，例如本篇第4题，根据第三段中的“I'm the type of person who goes for something she wants. Needless to say, I crashed the party and found my way to the president. I kindly introduced myself and then asked if they had a legal internship program. Guess what? They accepted my request to be a legal intern”可知，作者是那种追求她想要的东西的人，虽然没有被邀请，但还是直接找到StubHub公司的董事长毛遂自荐并得到了一个实习机会，这说明她很有决心和态度很积极。‎ C Growing Pains The term "adulting started as a sort of joke 一一 whenever a millennial（千禧一代）would do something age-appropriate, this was an act of "adulting." Now, though, millennials obviously require training in being an adult.‎ Rachel Flehinger has co-founded an Adulting School, which includes online courses on simple sewing, conflict resolution and cooking. The cause for such classes is that many millennials "haven’t left childhood homes" 一一 in America 34 percent of adults aged 18 to 34 still lived with their parents as of 2015, up from 26 percent a decade before.‎ There's a good deal of truth to this. If you're living at home, with Mom and Dad doing their best to spoil（(溺爱）you, you're less likely to know how to do laundry, cook or balance a checkbook. Dependency breeds enervation.‎ But here's the catch: Living at home doesn't necessarily lead to dependency. As of 1940, more than 30 percent of 25- to 29-year-olds lived at home with parents or grandparents. They were adulting, even while living at home. Parents expected their kids to do chores, to prepare for life. Instead of blaming living at home, then, we have to blame our style of parenting. The truth is that we've simply become lazier as parents.‎ So what's the real problem?‎ We're more likely to let our kids crash on our couches（长沙发）than tell them to get a job and pay rent. We don't push our kids to build families of their own, as life expectancy has increased, so has adolescence. Americans aren't expected to start building a life, particularly middle- and upper-class Americans, until they're nearing their 30s. Then the question is how we can encourage young people to "'adult" in non-circumstance-driven fashion.‎ ‎9. What does the last sentence in the third paragraph "Dependency breeds enervation." mean?‎ A. Parents would like to do housework by themselves B. Present kids are too lazy to do housework.‎ C. Dependency makes kids unable.‎ D. Kids depend on their parents.‎ ‎10. Which of the following statements is TRUE?‎ A. Millennials would like to be trained in being an adult.‎ B. Parents are too lazy to do chores.‎ C. Millennials don't adult because they still live in their childhood homes.‎ D. In the 1940s kids were adulting even when they were living at home.‎ ‎11. Which of the following statements is the main idea of the passage?‎ A. "Adulting" is hard, but only because parents are too lazy to teach their kids.‎ B. Millennials should leave home early to adult.‎ C. Americans aren't expected to start building a life until they're nearing their 30s.‎ D. Adulting schools with online courses are popular.‎ ‎12. According to the passage, what will be written about next?‎ A. The government should push off the age of adulthood.‎ B. Parents should leave kids in charge of society.‎ C. Parents should put responsibility on young people.‎ D. Pushing kids to adult is painful for parents.‎ ‎【答案】9. C 10. D 11. A 12. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了父母懒得教孩子使千禧一代的成人之道很难。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 词句猜测题。根据该句话前的“If you're living at home, with Mom and Dad doing their best to spoil（(溺爱）you, you're less likely to know how to do laundry, cook or balance a checkbook.”可知，如果父母在家里溺爱你，你就不太可能知道如何洗衣服,做饭或平衡支票簿，此处总结上文，说的是父母溺爱孩子的结果——对父母的依赖让孩子失去（自立）能力，故C项正确。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“As of 1940, more than 30 percent of 25- to 29-year-olds lived at home with parents or grandparents. They were adulting, even while living at home.”可知，20世纪40年代，即使与父母同住，年轻的孩子也表现得像成人一样，什么都会做，故D项正确。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第四段中的“Instead of blaming living at home, then, we have to blame our style of parenting. The truth is that we've simply become lazier as parents.”可知，父母的教育方式（父母变得越来越懒惰）使孩子很难成人，因此本文主要介绍了父母懒得教孩子使千禧一代的成人之道很难，故A项正确。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Then the question is how we can encourage young people to "'adult" in non-circumstance-driven fashion.”可知，接下来的问题是，我们如何鼓励年轻人以非环境驱动的方式成人，也就是像20世纪40‎ 年代那时候一样，孩子虽然与父母同住，但父母会让孩子承担做家务、为独立生活做准备等责任，由此可知，文章接下来会介绍父母应该让年轻人承担更多的责任，故C项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】词句猜测题的难度较大，对上下文提到的条件及例子的理解是关键，例如本篇1题，根据该句话前的“If you're living at home, with Mom and Dad doing their best to spoil（(溺爱）you, you're less likely to know how to do laundry, cook or balance a checkbook.”可知，如果父母在家里溺爱你，你就不太可能知道如何洗衣服,做饭或平衡支票簿，此处总结上文，说的是父母溺爱孩子的结果，即：对父母的依赖让孩子失去（自立）能力。‎ D China became the first country to clone a monkey using non-reproductive cells, reducing the need to keep lab monkeys and paving the way for more accurate, effective, and affordable animal tests for new drugs .‎ By December of 2017, Chinese scientists had created two clone macaques named "Zhong Zhong" and "Hua Hua" by nuclear transferring of somatic cells -- any cell in the organism other than reproductive cells. This was the similar technology used to create the famous clone sheep Dolly in 1996.‎ ‎"Cloning a monkey using somatic cells has been a world-class challenge because it is a primate（灵长类）that shares its genetic makeup, therefore all of its complexity, with humans." Pu Muming said.‎ ‎"For drug and other lab tests, scientists have to purchase monkeys from all over the world, which is costly, bad for the environment and produces inaccurate results because each monkey might have different genes, " Pu said.‎ ‎"By cloning monkeys using somatic cells, we can mass produce large numbers of genetically identical（相同的）offspring in a short time, and even change their genes to suit our needs," he added. "This can save time, cut down experiment costs, and produce more accurate results, leading to more effective medicine."‎ ‎"This achievement will help China lead the world research in an international science project related to neural（神经的）mapping of primate brains，," he said. However, bio labs from the United States, Japan, and European countries are also very able, and they will quickly catch up to China after the monkey cloning technology ‎ is made public, Sun added."This means we have to innovate（创新）continuously and work extra harder this year to stay ahead," he said.‎ ‎13. What is special about China's cloning monkey?‎ A. It transferred cells in the lab.‎ B. Il creates two monkeys at a lime.‎ C. It adopts a method of embryo splitting.‎ D. It uses non-reproductive cells.‎ ‎14. Why do scientists clone monkeys?‎ A. To keep monkeys from being endangered.‎ B. To test new medicines on them.‎ C. To find the side effects of medicines.‎ D. To find a cure for mental diseases.‎ ‎15. What Sun said in the last paragraph suggests____‎ A. they are determined to catch up to America B. they try to avoid competition from other countries C. they aren't satisfied with what they have achieved D. they have to keep the monkey-cloning technology a secret ‎【答案】13. D 14. B 15. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国成为世界上第一个使用非生殖细胞克隆猴子的国家以及这项技术的意义。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“China became the first country to clone a monkey using non-reproductive cells”可知，中国克隆猴子的特别之处是使用了非生殖细胞，故D项正确。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“paving the way for more accurate, effective, and affordable animal tests for new drugs”可知，科学家克隆猴子是为了在它们身上测试新药，故B项正确。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“However, bio labs from the United States, Japan, and European countries are also very able, and they will quickly catch up to China after the monkey cloning technology is made public, Sun added."This means we have to innovate（创新）continuously and work extra harder this year to stay ahead,”可知，他说美国、日本和欧洲国家的生物实验室将很快赶上中国，所以我们必须持续创新和更努力地工作以保持领先地位，言外之意，他们对所取得的成就还不满意，故C项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】本篇第3题推理判断题的难度在于要从人物所说的话中体会其弦外之音，根据最后一段中的“However, bio labs from the United States, Japan, and European countries are also very able, and they will quickly catch up to China after the monkey cloning technology is made public, Sun added."This means we have to innovate（创新）continuously and work extra harder this year to stay ahead,”可知，他说美国、日本和欧洲国家的生物实验室将很快赶上中国，所以我们必须持续创新和更努力地工作以保持领先地位，言外之意，他们对所取得的成就还不够满意，还需要更大的努力才能保持中国的这项技术在世界上的领先地位。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ How to Build a Better Breakfast We've all heard that breakfast is the most important meal of the day, and that may actually be true. A study found that breakfast eaters were more likely to lose weight than those who didn't eat a morning meal. ___16___ But it's not just when you eat; it's what you eat. These tips will help you really rise and shine:‎ ‎1. Eat even if you're not hungry.‎ Although you might not feel like eating first thing in the morning, it's a good idea to get something into your system. Eating within 90 minutes of waking up will jump-start your metabolism（新陈代谢）and keep you from getting hungry later. ___17___‎ ‎2. Be boring.‎ Changing what you eat is a good idea in theory, but if you are watching your weight, you might want to stick with the same old menu. People who allowed their breakfast ‎ calories to change have larger waists（腰围）and a higher incidence of metabolic syndrome（代谢综合征）than folks who keep their morning calorie intake constant, no matter how much they eat the rest of the day. ___18___‎ ‎3. Add peanuts or peanut butter.‎ By eating peanuts or peanut butter, the carbohydrates(碳水化合物）are taken in more slowly and blood sugar does not rise as high. ___19___ So they are less likely to snack later.‎ ‎4. ___20___‎ There's an old saying that advises ''Eat breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince and dinner like a pauper. " It's worth following. Those who eat a balanced 700-calorie breakfast over a 12-week period lower their blood sugar and blood pressure twice more than people who eat a 200-calorie meal. They also lose an average of 19.2 pounds and have lower levels of ghrelin, the "hunger hormone（激素）.‎ A. Go big.‎ B. Pile on the produce.‎ C. Other studies link skipping breakfast with a higher risk of developing high blood pressure, heart disease, and type 2 diabetes（糖尿病）.‎ D. So it's worth making the effort to hold it steady.‎ E. It could set you up for overeating throughout the day.‎ F. Just a banana will do the trick.‎ G. Plus women feel fuller for up to 12 hours after eating the peanut butter or peanuts.‎ ‎【答案】16. C 17. F ‎ ‎18. D 19. G ‎ ‎20. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何吃一顿更好早餐的几点建议。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据空前的“A study found that breakfast eaters were more likely to lose weight than those who didn't eat a morning ‎ meal.可知，一项研究发现，吃早餐的人比不吃早餐的人更容易减肥，此处承接上文，讲的是不吃早餐的其他危害，故C项（其他研究表明，不吃早餐会增加患高血压、心脏病和2型糖尿病的风险）符合语境。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据空前的“Eating within 90 minutes of waking up will jump-start your metabolism（新陈代谢）and keep you from getting hungry later.”可知，起床后90分钟内吃东西会加速你的新陈代谢，让你不会感到饿，此处补充说明，说的是关于吃的东西，故F项（一根香蕉就可以了）符合语境。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据空前的“People who allowed their breakfast calories to change have larger waists（腰围）and a higher incidence of metabolic syndrome（代谢综合征）than folks who keep their morning calorie intake constant, no matter how much they eat the rest of the day.”可知，与那些保持早晨卡路里摄入量不变的人相比，那些不改变早餐卡路里摄入量的人腰围更大，患代谢综合征的几率也更高，不管他们接下来一天吃了多少，此处总结上文，故D项（所以努力保持稳定是值得的）符合语境。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据空后的“So they are less likely to snack later.”可知，所以她们以后不太可能吃零食，此处解释原因，故G项（此外，女性在食用花生酱或花生后，会感到长达12小时的饱腹感）符合语境。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据本段内容，特别是第一句“There's an old saying that advises ''Eat breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince and dinner like a pauper. "”可知，早餐要像国王一样吃，午餐要像王子一样吃，晚餐要像乞丐一样吃”，再结合后面的对比可知，本段讲的是早餐要吃就吃好，故A项（做大点）符合语境。‎ 第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分55分）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共20小题：每小题2分，满分40分）‎ 阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Nailed it Last July, Peters, 36, rolled her wheelchair into a nail（指甲）salon with the idea of doing her nails. But Peters, who has cerebral palsy（大脑性瘫痪），was ‎ ‎_____21_____ The salon, she says, told her that they were afraid it would be ___22___difficult to properly paint her nails given that her hands ___23___ What was meant to be a day of beauty happiness for Peters was now a _____24_____‎ ‎___25___ the interaction from a few feet away was a Walmart cashier（收银员）about to go on her ___26___ . Ebony Harris, 40, ___27___ in Peters, a Walmart regular, a similar spirit. "She's a girlie girl," Harris told ABC 12 of Flint, Michigan. "She',s just like you, me, my daughter, anybody. She wants to look ____28____ So why can't she?"‎ Harris ___29___ Peters. "Do you want me to do your nails?" she asked. A smile ___30___ across Peters's face. "Yeah!" They shopped for nail polish and _____31_____on a bright blue — a statement color that would catch every eye. They then made their ___32___ into a neighboring Subway, and found a table for two. Harris ___33___ took Peters's hand into hers and carefully began painting her nails.‎ ‎"I was a little nervous and was shaking too because I didn't want to ___34___ her nails up," Hams admitted to ABC News. "I told her she's a blessing to us , to anybody, not ___35___ me. She makes me look at life and appreciate it much ___36___ than I have."‎ Watching it all with ___37___ was Subway employee Tasia Smith. What struck her most was the ease and gentleness ___38___ by Harris as she painted Peters's nails, all the while chatting ___39___ they were old friends. Smith was so taken by the scene that she wrote about it on Facebook." She was so ___40___ with her," she wrote. " Thank you to the Walmart worker for making this beautiful girl's day!”‎ ‎21. A. turned off B. turned on C. turned away D. turned back ‎22. A. so B. very C. much D. too ‎23. A. shook B. waved C. hurt D. moved ‎24. A. question B. success C. disappointment D. surprise ‎25. A. Looking B. Watching C. Staring D. Searching ‎26. A. break B. work C. trip D. picnic ‎27. A. knew B. recognized C. kept D. had ‎28. A. happy B. pretty C. sad D. honest ‎29. A. praised B. smiled C. approached D. asked ‎30. A. covered B. lit C. left D. spread ‎31. A. settled B. disagreed C. sought D. discussed ‎32. A. road B. direction C. way D. aim ‎33. A. gently B. fiercely C. violently D. gradually ‎34. A. paint B. do C. cut D. mess ‎35. A. exactly B. entirely C. really D. just ‎36. A. less B. more C. fewer D. worse ‎37. A. kindness B. admiration C. help D. amazement ‎38. A. wanted B. required C. shown D. surrounded ‎39. A. because B. though C. even if D. as if ‎40. A. patient B. satisfied C. popular D. familiar ‎【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. D 36. B 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了沃尔玛收银员Harris 给被美甲店拒之门外的脑瘫患者Peters做指甲的故事，Harris的这一行为让众人深受感动。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是患有脑瘫的Peters被拒之门外。A. turned off关闭；B. turned on打开；C. turned away不准……入内；D. turned back折回。Peters坐着轮椅来到一家美甲沙龙，想做指甲，但是她因患有脑瘫而被拒之门外，故C项正确。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查固定句式。句意：她说，美甲沙龙告诉她，由于她的手一直在抖，她们担心给她的指甲刷指甲油太困难了。too…to…表示“太……而不能”，故D项正确。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. shook 摇动、发抖；B. waved挥舞；C. hurt伤害； D. moved移动。由于Peters患有脑瘫，她的手不停地抖，所以想要把指甲油准确地涂在指甲上非常困难，故A项正确。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对Peters来说，这本应是一个美好的一天，现在却让她失望了。A. question问题；B. success成功；C. disappointment失望； D. surprise惊讶。被告知无法做指甲，Peters的心情由欢喜转为失望，故C项正确。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在几英尺外，一位沃尔玛的收银员正准备休息，她在一旁看着大家的互动。A. Looking看（后加介词）；B. Watching看；C. Staring紧盯；D. Searching搜查。几英尺外的一位沃尔玛的收银员看到了事情的经过，故B项正确。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. break休息；B. work 工作；C. trip旅行；D. picnic野餐。根据下文Harris 要给Peters做指甲的情节可知，她是在要休息的时候看到这一幕的，故A项正确。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Peters是沃尔玛的常客，40岁的Ebony Harris从她身上看到了（和别的女孩一样）爱美的精神。knew了解；B. recognized承认、认出；C. kept保持；D. had有。根据空后的“She's a girlie girl…”可知，Ebony Harris从Peters身上看到了和别的女孩一样爱美的精神，故B项正确。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她想要看起来漂亮。A. happy快乐的；B. pretty漂亮的；C. sad伤心的；D. honest诚实的。根据空前的“She',s just like you, me, my daughter, anybody.”可知，Peters和所有女孩一样，也想看起来漂亮，故B项正确。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Harris 走近 Peters，问道“你想让我给你做指甲么？” A. praised表扬；B. smiled微笑；C. approached靠近、走近；D. asked问。根据Harris 问 Peters“你想让我给你做指甲么？”可知，Harris 走近 Peters，故C项正确。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Peters的脸上绽开了笑容。A. covered覆盖；B. lit点亮；C. left留下；D. spread展开、绽放（笑容）。听说有人要给自己做指甲，Peters开心地笑了，故D项正确。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们去买指甲油，最后选定了一种明亮的蓝色，一种能吸引所有人眼球的标志性颜色。A. settled解决；B. disagreed不同意；C. sought寻找；D. discussed讨论。她们去买指甲油，最后选定了蓝色的指甲油，settle on表示“选定”，故A项正确。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她们走进附近的地铁，找到了一张双人桌。A. road道路；B. direction方向；C. way路；D. aim目的。make one's way into…表示“进入……”，故C项正确。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Harris 轻轻地握住Peters的手，开始仔细地给她涂指甲。A. gently温柔地、轻轻地；B. fiercely猛烈地；C. violently暴力地；D. gradually逐渐。Harris要给Peters涂指甲，应该是轻轻地握住她的手，故A项正确。‎ ‎34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有点紧张，也在发抖，因为我不想把她的指甲搞砸。A. paint给……刷上（液体）；B. do做；C. cut 切；D. mess弄脏、弄乱、毁坏。Harris因为想把Peters的指甲做得好一些而有点紧张，故D项正确。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我告诉她每个人都会祝福她，不仅仅是我。A. exactly精确地；B. entirely完全地；C. really真正地；D. just仅仅、只是。根据空前的“to anybody”可知，每个人都会祝福她，不仅仅是我，故D项正确。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她让我（重新）审视生活，让我比以前更珍惜它。A. less更少；B. more更多；C. fewer更少；D. worse更糟。通过给Peters做指甲，Harris比以前更加珍惜自己的生活，故B项正确。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：地铁员工Tasia Smith满怀钦佩地看着这一切。A. ‎ kindness善良；B. admiration赞美、钦佩；C. help帮助；D. amazement惊讶。对于Harris的做法，Tasia Smith满怀钦佩，故B项正确。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：令她印象最深刻的是Harris在给Peters涂指甲时表现出的轻松和温柔，她一直在和Peters聊天，就像她们是老朋友一样。A. wanted想要；B. required要求；C. shown展示、显示；D. surrounded围绕。Harris在给Peters涂指甲时表现出的轻松和温柔让Tasia Smith印象最为深刻，故C项正确。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查连词词义辨析。句意同上。A. because因为；B. though尽管；C. even if即使； D. as if好像。在给Peters涂指甲时，Harris一直在和她聊天，就像他们是老朋友一样，故D项正确。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Harris对Peters是如此有耐心。A. patient耐心的；B. satisfied满意的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. familiar熟悉的。Peters患有脑瘫，她的手不停地抖，Harris却愿意给她涂指甲，而且还与她聊天，这说明Harris很有耐心，故A项正确。‎ 第二节（共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Our bodies can be younger or older than our actual age ___41___ (depend) upon diet, lifestyle choices and physical activity. This is called biological(生理的)age, ___42___ could be different from the age on your driver's license, which ___43___ (call) chronological(时间的)age. ___44___ recent study of over 900 adults who were tracked for 12 years, from ages 26-38, ___45___ (show) that people who were aging faster, meaning that their biological age was higher than their chronological age, were not as healthy or ___46___ (physical) fit. This group was also more likely ___47___ (have) cognitive decline（认知衰退）and was at a ___48___ （great） risk for age-related health conditions.‎ A growing body of research proves that the keys to aging successfully are a ___49___ （combine） of exercising regularly, keeping busy with life, and maintaining a healthy diet with nutritious foods. These three key elements could contribute ‎ ‎___50___ aging gracefully, and successfully, too.‎ ‎【答案】41. depending ‎ ‎42. which 43. is called ‎ ‎44. A 45. showed ‎ ‎46. physically ‎ ‎47. to have ‎ ‎48. greater ‎ ‎49. combination ‎ ‎50. to ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了生理年龄高于实际年龄的人衰老的速度更快以及延缓衰老的几个关键因素。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的身体可能比实际年龄更年轻，也可能比实际年龄更老，这取决于我们的饮食、生活方式和体育活动。Our bodies与depend之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作状语，故填depending。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查非限定性定语从句。句意：这叫作生理年龄,不同于你驾照上的实际年龄。先行词为biological age，关系词在从句中作主语，故填which。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查时态语态。句意同上，which 指代的是先行词the age on your driver's license，与call之间是被动关系，且为客观事实，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is called。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：最近的一项研究对900多名成年人进行了为期12年的跟踪调查，他们的年龄从26岁到38岁不等。研究显示，那些衰老速度更快的人，也就是他们的生理年龄高于实际年龄的人，健康状况或身体状况都不那么好。study表示“研究”时是可数名词，此处泛指“一项研究”，故填A。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查时态。句意同上，事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，故填showed。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意同上，修饰形容词fit用副词，故填physically。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。句意：这组人也更有可能出现认知能力下降，并且患上与年龄有关的健康问题的风险更大。be likely to do表示“有可能……”，故填to have。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查形容词比较级。句意同上，此处有一个隐晦的比较意义，是这组人与其他人的比较，故填greater。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：越来越多的研究证明，延缓衰老的关键是经常锻炼，保持忙碌的生活，保持健康的饮食这三者的结合。a combination of表示“……与……的结合”，故填combination。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查固定短语。句意：这三个关键因素可能有助于优雅地老去和延缓衰老。contribute to表示“有助于”，故填to。‎ 第四部分写作（共两节，満分35分）‎ 第一节 ‎51.短文改错 Dear Tom,‎ I'm glad to know that you are interesting in Beijing Opera. Now let me give you a brief introduce to it. Although it is called Beijing Opera, whose origins are in the provinces of Anhui and Hubei.‎ Known for a national opera, Beijing Opera has a long history and considered as one of the world's three ancient operas. And it has the four roles, include sheng, dan, jing and chou. The characters are divided into beauty and ugliness, kindness and evil, which are presented vivid.‎ The stage design of Beijing Opera is usually simple. However, symbols play an important role. Performers tend to use our body movements to represent actions.‎ Best wishes.‎ Yours, ‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】1. interesting → interested ‎2. introduce → introduction ‎3. whose → its ‎4. for → as ‎5.considered前加is ‎6.去掉 the ‎7.include → including ‎8. vivid → vividly ‎9.However → Therefore ‎10. our → their ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇书信，作者向对方简要介绍了京剧。‎ ‎【详解】第一处：考查形容词。句意：知道你对京剧感兴趣我很高兴。be interested in表示“对……感兴趣”，故interesting 改为interested。‎ 第二处：考查名词。句意：现在让我给你简要介绍一下（京剧）。作动词give的宾语用名词，故introduce 改为introduction。‎ 第三处：考查形容词性物主代词。句意：虽然被称为京剧，但它的起源于安徽和湖北两省。分析句子结构可知此处是让步状语从句而不是非限定性定语从句，指代Beijing Opera’s，故whose 改为its。‎ 第四处：考查固定搭配。句意：京剧被称为国粹，拥有悠久的历史，并且被认为是世界三大古代戏剧之一。known as表示“被称为、以……而著称”，故for 改为 as。‎ 第五处：考查被动语态。句意同上，Beijing Opera 与consider之间是被动关系，而且陈述的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时的被动语态，故considered前加is。‎ 第六处：考查定冠词。句意：京剧有生、旦、净、丑四大角色。此处泛指“四个角色”，不需要用定冠词，故去掉the。‎ 第七处：考查介词。句意同上，此处应该用介词including ，表示“包括”，故include 改为including。‎ 第八处：考查副词。句意：人物分为美与丑、善与恶，展现得形象生动。修饰动词presented用副词，故vivid改为 vividly。‎ 第九处：考查连接副词。句意：京剧的舞台设计通常很简单。因此，一些动作起着重要的作用。前后是因果而非转折关系，故However改为Therefore。‎ 第十处：考查形容词性物主代词。句意：表演者倾向于用他们的身体移动来表现动作。此处指代Performers’，故our 改为their。‎ 第二节：书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52.假定你是李华，你和你的同学们将在下周末举办一次活动，针对“低头族”这一问题， 提醒过往的人们不要在行走时看手机，尽量抬起头来，注意安全与健康。请给你的英国朋 友Henry写封邮件，邀请他一起参加。开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。‎ 注意：1.行文连贯流畅；2.参考词汇：低头族：phubber 3.词数100词左右 Dear Henry,‎ How's everything going?‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Henry,‎ How’s everything going? Next weekend my classmates will hold an activity against phubbers in the street. I’m writing to invite you to take part in it.‎ The mobile phone has brought us much convenience. However, more and more phubbers, especially young people, can be seen everywhere, who never care about what happens around. Obviously, it can be harmful to their physical health and safety. Therefore, let’s work together to call on everyone to pay more attention to this and hold their heads up in the street.‎ An early reply about your final decision will be highly appreciated. If you are ‎ willing, let’s meet at our school gate at 8 o’clock next Sunday morning.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达是应用文，要求写一封书信。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求写一封邀请信：假定你是李华，你和你的同学们将在下周末举办一次活动，针对“低头族”这一问题， 提醒过往的人们不要在行走时看手机，尽量抬起头来，注意安全与健康。请给你的英国朋 友Henry写封邮件，邀请他一起参加，时态应为一般现在时。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如； phubber（低头族），convenience（保便利），invite（邀请），harmful（有害的），physical health（身体健康）及safety（安全）等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。‎ ‎【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有take part in（参加），care about（关心），happen around (在身边发生)，be harmful to（对……有害），call on（号召）以及pay attention to（注意），而且还使用了非限定性定语从句“However, more and more phubbers, especially young people, can be seen everywhere, who never care about what happens around.”，状语从句“If you are willing, let’s meet at our school gate at 8 o’clock next Sunday morning.”，非谓语动词“I’m writing to invite you to take part in it.”，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。‎ ‎ ‎