2019届二轮复习书面表达专题之七基本句型五课件（25张）

2019届二轮复习书面表达专题之七基本句型五课件（25张）

2019 届二轮复习书面表达专题之七 基本句型五 本句型中的动词虽然是及物动词 , 但是只跟宾语还不能表达完整的意思 , 必须加上一个补充成分 , 如形容词、名词、副词（仅限少数几个）、动词不定式、分词来补充说明宾语 , 才能表达一个完整的意思。宾语和宾语补足语在意义有一种逻辑上的主谓关系 , 即宾语与宾语补足语在“意义上”是一种主谓关系。如： 基本句型五 : 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾补 We elected Li Yang our monitor. 我们选李阳做我们的班长。 (Li yang is our monitor) The news made us sad. 这新闻使我伤心。 (We were sad) 根据宾补的不同可分为以下几种情况： 1. 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 名词。 如： President appointed John manager of Marketing. 总裁任命约翰为营销部经理 。 常用于此句型的动词有： call, name, make, elect, appoint, consider, leave 等。 ※ 归纳： 常用于此句型的动词有： make, paint, get (ready), cut (short), set (free), keep, drive (mad), find, wish, beat (black and blue), prove, think, believe, consider, leave 等。 2. 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 形容词。 如： The news made me happy. 那消息使我很高兴。 ※ 归纳： 3. 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 介词短语。 如： I found myself in dark. 我发现自己还蒙在鼓里。 要求用 to do 作宾补的动词有： advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, choose, encourage, expect, force, get, invite, order, permit, persuade, request, tell, want, warn, wish 等。 4. 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 不定式。 如： He encouraged her to work harder. 他鼓励他努力工作。 ※ 归纳： He always has others wait for him. 他总是要别人等他。 要求用 do 作宾补的动词有：使役动词 let, make ， have 等；感官动词 observe, feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, see, watch 等。 ※ 归纳： 若变为被动语态 , 其后的宾语补足语就成为主语补足语了 , 此时作主语补足语的不定式要带 to 。如： The boss made him work overtime.( 主动语态 ) He was made to work overtime.( 被动语态 ) 老板叫他加班。 注意： 5. 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 分词。 如： Don’t leave the water running after you have washed your hands. 洗手之后不要听任水白流。 I heard my name called. 我听到有人叫我的名字。 现在分词为宾语补足语时 , 宾语与现在分词之间是主动关系 ; 过去分词为宾语补足语时 , 宾语与过去分词之间是被动关系。常用于此句型的动词有： catch, feel, find, get, have, hear, keep, leave, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, set, smell, watch 等。 注意： 6. 主语 + 谓语 + it + 宾补 + 真正宾语。 (1) I found it very pleasant to be with your family. 我觉得与你家人相处很愉快。 (2) She thinks it no point practicing so much. 她认为练习这么多没有意义。 (3) He believed it unlikely that she would agree. 他相信她不可能同意。 (1) 当作宾语的不定式、动名词、宾语从句跟一个补足语时 , 要用形式宾语 it 放在宾语的位置 , 将真正的宾语放到后面。 (2) 用 doing 作真正的宾语时 , 其补足语通常是 useless, senseless, no use, good, sense, point 等 , 表示“无益或没有意义”。 (3) 能用于该句型的谓语动词有 consider, believe, feel, find, make, think, suppose 等。 【 说明 】 1. 那噪音快要使我发疯了。 1. The noise is driving me crazy. 2. 要使学校变得更美丽 , 我们应从身边小事做起。 2. To make our school more beautiful, we should start from the small things around us. 即时练习： 3. 他请我们参加做游戏。 He asked us to join in the game. 4. 妈妈要我放弃一些课外活动。 Mother wants me to give up some after-class activities. 5. 明天我要找人来修理机器。 5. I will have the machine repaired tomorrow. 6. 每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语 。 6. We hear him reading English aloud every morning. 7. 父母必须让孩子做一些家务。 Parents should have children do some housework . 8. 他踢足球时摔断了腿。 He had his leg broken while playing football. 9. 我感到很难找到时间与父母交谈 。 9. I feel it hard to find time to talk with my parents. 10. 我们要把保护环境看做是我们的职责 。 10. We should consider it our duty to protect the environment. 11. 学校定了一条规则，规定学生要穿校服。 (make) The schools made it a rule that students should wear uniform every school day. 12. 我认为与只想不做是无益的。 I believe it no use thinking without acting. 话题写作 (2013 重庆 ) 调查显示 , 中国长江江豚（ finless porpoise ）受人类活动的影响而濒临灭绝 , 目前总数不足 1000 只。假设你是李华 , 现请用英文给 WWF （世界自然保护基金组织）写一封信 , 请他们关注这个状况并提供帮助。内容包括： 1. 说明写信目的。 2. 简述江豚现状。 3. 希望 WWF 如何帮助（比如：资助江豚保护项目等）。 4. 表示感谢并期待回复。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右。 2. 可以适当增加细节 , 以使行文连贯。 3. 结语已为你写好。 Dear Sir or Madam, I’m a student from Chongqing, China. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 参考范文 1 Dear Sir or Madam, I’m a student from Chongqing, China. I’m writing this letter to you to report you the emergent situation of the Chinese Yangtze finless porpoise. Because of human beings’ destructive influence, the number of this precious species has promptly dropped to less than 100. As far as I know, your foundation can help those species that are at the edge of distinction, I’m writing this letter to you to ask for your generous donation to our project to protect this endangered species. If it is not too much inconvenient, would you please come to China to have a close observation of the poor porpoises and give us aid and direction to prevent them from dying out completely? Thanks for reading my letter and anxiously anticipating to hear from you soon. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 参考范文 2 Dear Sir or Madam, I’m a student from Chongqing, China. I am writing to you to tell you something about Yangtze Finless Porpoise. Due to lack of human protection, the number of Yangtze Finless Porpoise is becoming smaller and smaller, only less than 1000 left. Most of them are dying out. Therefore, it’s high time we took immediate measures to change the situation. So I hope WWF will do something to help Yangtze Finless Porpoise by setting up a special fund organization or drawing up some rules on how to protect it and so on. I am looking forward to your reply. Thank you! Yours sincerely, Li Hua