2020高考英语通用版提分高考冲刺卷（四）

2020高考英语通用版提分高考冲刺卷（四）

高考冲刺卷(四)‎ 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)‎ 第一节　(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)‎ ‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1．What fruit does the woman use?‎ A．Pears. B．Oranges. C．Bananas.‎ ‎2．What did the woman do today?‎ A．She cleaned the car.‎ B．She bought an umbrella.‎ C．She listened to the weather forecast.‎ ‎3．When does the man usually do exercise?‎ A．In the afternoon.‎ B．In the morning.‎ C．At night.‎ ‎4．What is the probable relationship between the speakers?‎ A．Father and daughter.‎ B．Classmates.‎ C．Teacher and student.‎ ‎5．What are the speakers mainly talking about?‎ A．Preparing for a test.‎ B．Eating during an exam.‎ C．Getting a medical exam.‎ 第二节　(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)‎ ‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 ‎ ‎6．Who started to make birthdays important holidays?‎ A．The woman’s grandparents.‎ B．The man’s grandparents.‎ C．The woman’s parents.‎ ‎7．What does the woman’s mother do for the woman’s birthday?‎ A．She gives her a gift of jewelry.‎ B．She cooks some special food.‎ C．She makes some beautiful clothes.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。‎ ‎8．Why didn’t the man need to study the local language?‎ A．He already spoke it.‎ B．He didn’t want to talk to local people.‎ C．He could communicate in English.‎ ‎9．How did the baker feel about the man at first?‎ A．Happy.‎ B．A little afraid.‎ C．Very angry.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10．What kind of food does the woman cook?‎ A．Thai. B．Chinese. C．Vietnamese.‎ ‎11．What does the man think of the new Chinese market?‎ A．It’s too big.‎ B．It has good deals.‎ C．It has few foreign products.‎ ‎12．According to the man，when is the best time to visit the market?‎ A．Saturday. B．Sunday. C．Monday.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。‎ ‎13．Where does the conversation take place?‎ A．At a store.‎ B．At school.‎ C．At home.‎ ‎14．How did the man get the mud?‎ A．He went to the Dead Sea.‎ B．He dug it up from the backyard.‎ C．He bought it from an online company.‎ ‎15．What is the main color of the mud in the backyard?‎ A．Brown. B．Grey. C．Black.‎ ‎16．Why does the girl agree to use the mud?‎ A．She wants her skin to feel younger.‎ B．She has some skin problems.‎ C．She is starting to get wrinkles.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17．What classes can visitors take in Bali according to the speaker?‎ A．Diving. B．Swimming. C．Fishing.‎ ‎18．Why do some scientists come to Bali?‎ A．To study volcanoes.‎ B．To study the sea creatures.‎ C．To study traditional artworks.‎ ‎19．What do most people of Bali do?‎ A．Work in tourism.‎ B．Do agricultural work.‎ C．Make special clothes.‎ ‎20．What does the speaker think is good to do during Chinese New Year?‎ A．Drink traditional coffee.‎ B．Do some shopping.‎ C．Visit Buddhist temples.‎ 答案　1.C　2.A　3.B　4.C　5.B　6.A　7.B　8.C ‎9．B　10.C　11.B　12.A　13.C　14.C　15.A　16.B ‎17．A　18.A　19.B　20.C 听力材料 Text 1‎ M：What’s that smell? Are you making a chocolate cake? I smell something different...pears?‎ W：No，I’m making chocolate banana cookies.At first，I was going to use the oranges，but I think these will taste better.‎ Text 2‎ M：I saw you wash the car today.I guess I’ll bring my umbrella to work.‎ W：Why would you do that?‎ M：It always rains right after you wash the car.‎ Text 3‎ M：I usually work out at 6：00 in the morning.But sometimes，I go after dinner around 7：00.When do you go to the gym?‎ W：My mornings are too busy.I have to wait until I get off work at 3：00 p．m.‎ Text 4‎ W：This piece is too difficult for me.Can I practice an easier one at home?‎ M：Your piano playing will improve a lot if you try to master this song.‎ W：OK.I hope my parents won’t get tired of hearing the same thing all week!‎ Text 5‎ W：Can we eat food during the test?‎ M：Only drinks are allowed，unless you have a medical excuse.‎ W：I need to eat every hour，or my blood pressure will drop.‎ Text 6‎ M：What is the biggest holiday that your family celebrates? For my family，it’s the New Year.‎ W：That is a big one for us，too.But even more important are birthdays.‎ M：Oh，why is that?‎ W：I think my grandparents started the tradition.They met and got married when they were older.They thought they would not be able to have children.When their first baby was born，they were so happy! They decided that every birthday for their children would be a big event.‎ M：So that tradition passed on to your parents?‎ W：Right.Even now，my parents take the day off work to celebrate my birthday with me.My mother cooks a special dinner，and my father gives me beautiful clothes or jewelry.‎ Text 7‎ W：How was your summer trip?‎ M：It was great! My friend and I traveled throughout India.‎ W：Sounds hot.How did you get along without studying the local language?‎ M：Most people there speak English.But there were some remote places in the mountains where we had to learn a few words to communicate.Usually，it was easy.One time，though，it got a little awkward.I was asking a baker for some bread，and I said “I want money” instead of “I want bread”．The words for money and bread were so similar that I got them mixed up.‎ W：How did the baker react?‎ M：He looked a little scared but my friend quickly cleared up the confusion.We ended up becoming friends with the guy，and he introduced us to more young people.Whenever we told the story of our meeting，it would make everyone laugh.‎ Text 8‎ M：Have you been to the new Chinese market?‎ W：No，I only shop at small，local stores.That place looks huge.‎ M：You should really go.It has everything you could need to make your Vietnamese food，too.They have imported items from several countries.The vegetables are pretty fresh，and the meat ‎ is of good quality.‎ W：But how are the prices?‎ M：There are great deals，especially for dried foods.I bought a 10pound bag of rice for five dollars.And I found two pounds of special noodles for one dollar.There are hundreds of sauces in jars.I even found a Thai sauce there that I couldn’t find anywhere else.I think you’ll be very happy with what you find at this market.‎ W：Well，I will check it out on Monday.I wonder if they have the Pho noodles that I like a lot.‎ M：Probably.You should go on Saturday instead.That’s when they have the best deals.‎ W：I hate crowds.Everyone will be going at that time.‎ M：Then try Sunday morning.But I don’t think the sales last all weekend.‎ Text 9‎ W：What’s that on your face，Dad? You scared me! I thought you were someone who broke into the house!‎ M：It’s mud.It’s good for your skin.‎ W：You mean，you just went out in the backyard and picked up some mud from the ground，and then put it on your face?‎ M：No，I bought some mud online.It comes from the Dead Sea in the Middle East.Do you see the color? It’s a beautiful grey color because of its many minerals.The mud in the backyard is mainly brown.And the soil is black.The Dead Sea is famous for its health benefits.People go there from all over the world to swim in its water.Many companies ship the mud to people like me，who can’t take a trip there.‎ W：Does your face really feel different after you take the mud off?‎ M：Yes，it feels my skin is many years younger.Some of my wrinkles are even going away.Do you want to try it?‎ W：Well，I’m only sixteen years old.I don’t think I need to feel younger.‎ M：But I’ve noticed your face is very oily sometimes，and that other times it’s very dry.This mud is sure to help you with that.It clears up your skin and leaves your face looking bright and fresh.‎ W：I’ll try it.I’ve been feeling bad about my looks lately.Maybe this will help!‎ Text 10‎ One destination that is becoming popular with Chinese tourists is Bali.It is a beautiful island of Indonesia.There is a rainy season that is perfect for swimming.One of the main attractions is Bali’s diverse sea life.There are some creatures that don’t exist anywhere else in the world.Visitors who don’t know how to dive can take classes while they’re on vacation here.The island is also home to several active volcanoes.Many scientific groups come to study them.Even though tourism is on the rise，most of the population still works in agriculture and the fishing industry.Bali also has many traditional artworks.Some popular products for sale include clothing ‎ with special designs，wood sculptures，and organic coffee.A great time to visit the island is during one of its many festivals.Since ancient times，the culture of Bali has had a lot of influence from not only Indian but also Chinese culture.Chinese New Year is widely celebrated by Indonesians who are of Chinese origin.The island of Bali has many ancient Chinese Buddhist temples that are especially good to visit during the holiday.‎ 第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节　(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A WHERE ARE WE GOING TODAY?‎ The Play Indoor Playground covers 2,300 square feet.It has fun，colorful，entertaining and exciting toys and equipment for you to play with.‎ How about the inflatable(可充气的)obstacle course？Do you think you will be able to walk around it as you’re bouncing everywhere? Maybe you want to take a swim in the ball pool.‎ The great thing about playing is being able to be creative and use your imagination.You can be ANYTHING you want to be! How about being monkeys to hide out in the tree house? You can climb up to the top of the tree house slide，and pretend to eat those yummy bananas before sliding back down again.Or perhaps you want to be princesses，sitting in the castle with your lovely long hair flowing out of the tower.You can use the clothes in the princess dressup trunk to really feel the part.‎ For the little ones，there is an infant section where they can play and experiment with the toys at their own pace，away from the bigger kids，and there is also a Sony Playstation area for the slightly bigger kids who want to try and beat their highest scores and try the latest games.‎ Don’t worry! Parents are included too.They have an adult lounge furnished with comfortable seating and a view of the play area so you can relax and know your child is having a great time.‎ Cost：Adult：$3 per person(Parents are free if there are two children to play.)‎ Children：$ 10 for the first child；$8 for a sister or brother.‎ Time：12：00－7：00 p．m.from Monday to Thursday.‎ Address：401 West Los Feliz Blvd.Suite E．Glendale.CA.‎ Tel：8185511752‎ 语篇解读　这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一座针对儿童的室内游乐场，以及里面的项目活动还有收费、地址和电话信息。‎ ‎21．Who will probably regard the Play Indoor Playground as the most appealing?‎ A．Families that want some challenges.‎ B．Kids who want to have fun outdoors.‎ C．Kids who want to take part in fun activities.‎ D．Parents who want to play games with kids.‎ 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段第二句和第二、三、四段的内容可推测室内游乐场主要针对的是儿童，所以想参加有趣活动的孩子们会认为室内游乐场最有吸引力。‎ ‎22．How much should a couple with two kids pay to enter it?‎ A．$18. B．$21. C．$24. D．$26.‎ 答案　A 解析　数字计算题。根据文章倒数第四、五段“Cost：Adult：$3 per person(Parents are free if there are two children to play.)Children：$ 10 for the first child；$8 for a sister or brother.”可知，带有两个儿童的家长免费，第一个儿童10美元，姐妹兄弟8美元，所以一对带有两个孩子的夫妻一共需要支付18美元，故选A。‎ ‎23．What is the main purpose of the text?‎ A．To encourage kids to travel around.‎ B．To tell parents how to educate kids.‎ C．To recommend some sports activities.‎ D．To advertise an indoor playground.‎ 答案　D 解析　写作目的题。通读全文内容，可知本文主要为了宣传一座室内游乐场，故选D。‎ B ‎(2019·江西九校高三第一次联考)‎ In Australia，the bilby(兔耳袋狸) project is seen as an important part in protecting the nation’s wildlife.Bilbies are known for their long ears and large back legs.They usually sleep during the day，and are awake at night.They look a lot like rabbits and grow to about 2.5 kilograms.‎ For the first time in 2018，bilbies are running wild in Southeastern Australia.The small animals were once widespread across much of Australia，but were last observed in the wild in New South Wales State in 1912.Every year bilby populations continue to decrease.Wildlife experts are afraid that the bilby，a small marsupial，could eventually disappear forever，either because of land clearing or fires.Another reason is a threat from cats and foxes，which hunt down and kill bilbies.‎ In northern New South Wales State，environmentalists are celebrating what they are calling a historic moment.Thirty bilbies from a captive breeding program have been released into a large predatorfree enclosed area north of Sydney.Without the protection of a 32kilometer fence，experts say the animals probably would not survive.‎ Tim Allard heads the Australian Wildlife Conservancy，which is involved in the project.He says the release of these beloved animals is a big deal.“There are some remaining wild bilby populations，but they get predated upon heavily by feral cats and foxes.Bilbies only really survive behind fenced areas.”Allard said the point of doing this project is to return the countryside to what it used to be before Europeans arrived.“So in the nottoodistant future，you will be able to go inside the fenced areas and it will be like stepping back before Europeans turned up，” he said.‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。介绍了澳大利亚政府组织为保护濒危动物兔耳袋狸而进行的兔耳袋狸计划。‎ ‎24．What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?‎ A．The shape of the bilby.‎ B．The habit of the bilby.‎ C．The weight of the bilby.‎ D．The characteristics of the bilby.‎ 答案　D ‎ 解析　段落大意题。第一段介绍了兔耳袋狸的体型、体重和生活习惯，这些都是兔耳袋狸的特征。故选D。‎ ‎25．The following are the reasons for bilbies’ disappearance EXCEPT .‎ A．trees’ clearing B．fires’ bursting C．cats’ hunting D．foxes’ killing 答案　A ‎ 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后两句“Wildlife experts are afraid that the bilby，a small marsupial，could eventually disappear forever，either because of land clearing or fires.Another reason is a threat from cats and foxes，which hunt down and kill bilbies.”可知，兔耳袋狸消失的原因有土地清理或火灾，和来自猫和狐狸的捕食，没有提及A选项“树木清理”，因此选A。‎ ‎26．What does the underlined word “enclosed” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? ‎ A．Involved. B．Protected.‎ C．Hunted. D．Enlarged.‎ 答案　B ‎ 解析　词义猜测题。根据文章第三段最后一句“Without the protection of a 32kilometer fence，experts say the animals probably would not survive.”可知，如果没有32千米长的围栏的保护，这些动物可能无法生存。故可推测兔耳袋狸应当是被放入一个大型的没有天敌的“保护”区域当中，故可推测画线单词意思为“保护的”，故选B。‎ ‎27．From Allard’s words，what do we know?‎ A．The release of bilbies can make much money.‎ B．Cats and foxes cause the decrease of bilbies.‎ C．Nature reserves are needed to protect bilbies.‎ D．Europeans shouldn’t turn up in the countryside.‎ 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。文章最后一段Allard的话提到“Bilbies only really survive behind fenced areas.”由此可知，兔耳袋狸只能在围栏里生存，也就是说要保护兔耳袋狸，建立大自然保护区是必要的，故选C。‎ C Darwin noted that some human emotional expressions might have started as part of a physiological function：for example，exposing the teeth to bite food.The function，however，took on meaning and became a form of communication which signals anger.‎ The same may be true for the animals.Baby monkeys cry for attention.They also cry to signal to an adult that they want to be carried.‎ ‎“Chimpanzees do make upset voice when they are being weaned(断奶) by their mothers or have lost their mothers or another individual，”says Anne Pusey，a professor at the University of Minnesota.“They whimper (呜咽) and cry and scream.When we hear these calls，the emotion involved seems obvious.However，they do not weep in the sense of producing tears.I have seen an adolescent male whimpering when he lost sight of his older brother with whom he had been traveling.”‎ Babies of many mammalian species，including rats，cry.Moreover，when a baby rat cries，often his mother brings the fallen pup back into the nest.This is probably a straightforward communication，as it is with humans.However，psychologists at the University of Iowa aren’t convinced.‎ The Iowan researchers can cause the same crying sounds by producing large decreases and then increases in blood flow.The blood flow also goes down when baby rats get cold.Thus，they conclude baby rats cry in the same way that we sneeze.Of course the rat baby could be crying because he’s cold and wants his mother to know.‎ ‎“All young mammals make cries when separated from their mother，”says Jaak Panksepp，a psychologist at Bowling Green State University.“If you’re willing to call this crying，then certainly other animals show this emotional response，” he says，“Some of us take seriously that animals do have emotions.”‎ ‎28．According to the first paragraph，what kind of emotion does “exposing the teeth” express?‎ A．Disappointment. B．Excitement.‎ C．Anger. D．Happiness.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“The function，however，took on meaning and became a form of communication which signals anger.”可知，露牙齿咬东西，逐渐有了意义并成为交流中表现愤怒生气的一种形式，故选C。‎ ‎29．Which is one probable reason why young chimpanzees might be crying?‎ A．They meet their brother.‎ B．They have nothing to eat.‎ C．They are being breastfed.‎ D．They are parted from their mother.‎ 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Chimpanzees do make upset voice when they are being weaned(断奶) by their mothers or have lost their mothers or another individual”可知，小猩猩发出一些沮丧的声音的原因是断奶或者与妈妈或者其他成员走散了，故选D。‎ ‎30．Under what circumstance will baby rats cry just like humans’ sneeze?‎ A．Their blood flow is decreased.‎ B．They feel cold and long for affection.‎ C．Their blood flow is increased.‎ D．Their mother brings them back home.‎ 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“The blood flow also goes down when baby rats get cold.Thus，they conclude baby rats cry in the same way that we sneeze.Of course the rat baby could be crying because he’s cold and wants his mother to know.”可知，当小老鼠感到寒冷并且想让鼠妈妈知道的时候就会哭，与人类的打喷嚏一样，因此得出，小老鼠想要妈妈的关爱的时候会哭，故选B。‎ ‎31．Where is the passage most likely taken from?‎ A．An animal journal. B．A physiology book.‎ C．A health magazine. D．A cultural newspaper.‎ 答案　A 解析　文章出处题。根据文章可知，本文阐述不仅人类可以进行情绪表达，动物也可以，并且列举了猩猩、老鼠等的例子，故可推知本文出自动物杂志，故选A。‎ D The mass death of flying foxes in extreme heat in North Queensland last month underlines the ‎ importance of University of Queensland wildlife research released today.The UQ research sheds light on how various species have responded to major climate events.‎ A study led by UQ School of Earth and Environmental Science researcher Dr Sean Maxwell has spent more than 70 years quantifying the responses of various species.‎ ‎“The growing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events such as cyclones，droughts and floods are causing unpredictable and immediate changes to ecosystems and blocking existing management efforts，”Dr Maxwell said.“Some of the negative responses we found are quite concerning，including more than 100 cases of dramatic population declines and 31 cases of local population extinction following an extreme event.”‎ ‎“Populations of critically endangered bird species in Hawaii，such as the palia，have been annihilated due to drought，leaving none of its kind，and populations of lizard species have been wiped out due to cyclones in the Bahamas.”‎ Cyclones are the most common extreme event for birds，fish，plants and reptiles，while mammals and amphibians are most responsive to drought events，with drought leading to 12 cases of major population decline in mammals.Drought also led to 13 cases of breeding declines in bird populations and 12 cases of changes in the composition of invertebrate communities.‎ UQ Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science director Professor James Watson said the detailed information would help inform ecosystem management.‎ ‎“The research clearly shows species will respond，often negatively，to extreme events，”Professor Watson said.“As climate change continues to ensure extreme climate and weather events are more and more common，we now need to act to ensure species have the best chance to survive.Wherever possible，high quality and intact habitat areas should be retained，as these are the places where species are most resilient(易恢复的) to increasing exposure to extreme events.”‎ 语篇解读　本文为说明文。澳大利亚昆士兰地球与环境科学学院的研究员肖恩·麦克斯韦博士领导了一项研究，该研究用了70多年的时间来记录和量化不同物种对重大气候事件的反应。昆士兰大学今天公布了这份关于野生动物研究的报告。‎ ‎32．How was the UQ research conducted?‎ A．By observing extreme weather events.‎ B．By protecting the endangered species.‎ C．By recording reactions of animals to extreme climate.‎ D．By analyzing the reason why mass animal death happened.‎ 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段“英国昆士兰大学地球与环境科学学院的研究员肖恩·‎ 麦克斯韦博士领导了一项研究，该研究用了70多年的时间来量化不同物种的反应。”可推知，英国昆士兰大学通过记录动物对极端气候的反应进行了这项研究。故C选项正确。‎ ‎33．What does the underlined word “annihilated” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?‎ A．Destroyed. B．Defeated.‎ C．Decreased. D．Disappeared.‎ 答案　D 解析　词义猜测题。根据第四段中画线词所在句中的“leaving none of its kind(一只也不留下)”可知，画线词意为“灭绝的”。destroyed遭破坏的；defeated击败的；decreased减少的；disappeared消失的。故D选项正确。‎ ‎34．Which of the following sentences is TRUE about extreme weather events?‎ A．Drought caused 13 cases of distinction in bird populations.‎ B．Drought caused 12 cases of population decline in mammals.‎ C．Birds and mammals are most responsive to cyclones.‎ D．Cyclones wiped out populations of lizard.‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“while mammals and amphibians are most responsive to drought events，with drought leading to 12 cases of major population decline in mammals”可知，哺乳动物和两栖动物对干旱事件最敏感，干旱导致12例哺乳动物的主要种群数量下降。故B选项正确。‎ ‎35．What can we infer from Professor Watson’s words?‎ A．Animals often show negative responses to extreme events.‎ B．The existing management ways for wildlife protection are limited.‎ C．Different methods should be adopted to ensure the survival of different species.‎ D．Complete and undamaged habitats are of great importance to species’ survival.‎ 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“只要有可能，就应该保留高质量和完整的栖息地，因为这些地方是物种对日益增加的极端事件的适应能力最强的地方。”可推知，完整无损的栖息地对物种的生存至关重要。故D选项正确。‎ 第二节　(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ ‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ How long could you stand on Antarctic ice before your bare feet froze solid? A minute.Maybe two? If you’re an emperor penguin，you can do it for two months in cruel winds at as low as －75 degrees Fahrenheit. 36 ，but their special circulation acts as a kind of antifreeze to keep them ‎ warm enough.‎ Penguin legs and feet have evolved to lose as little heat as possible.Penguin feet preserve heat by restricting blood flow in really cold weather，keeping foot temperature just above freezing. 37 .‎ Blood vessels to and from the feet are very narrow and woven closely together，cooling the blood from the body on the way to the feet and heating the blood as it returns to the body. 38 .‎ This special ability is part of how penguins keep their eggs warm until they hatch.Each penguin egg’s father balances it on his feet and covers it with his very warm layer of feathered skin to keep it cozy while females are out feeding at sea. 39 .If females haven’t returned with food by time the chicks hatch，male penguins feed their babies for a few days on a kind of “milk”made from special cells inside their throats.‎ ‎ 40 .Your hands get whiter during freezing weather because there’s less blood in them which has been redirected to the central part of your body to make sure vital organs stay warm.‎ A．Penguin legs work like a heat exchange system B．Those naked bird feet may look extremely cold C．Therefore，the male penguins must stay together in groups D．However，parenting doesn’t stop there for these devoted fathers E．Emperor penguins also have the ability to “recycle” their own body heat F．Feet get cool blood so there’s less heat to lose，while the body stays warm and comfortable G．In fact，humans have the ability to restrict blood flow to their hands and feet in cold weather too ‎36．答案　B 解析　根据前一句可知，帝企鹅能够光着脚在寒冷的环境下待两个月，本空后一句解释了帝企鹅有这种特征的原因，故设空处承上启下，B选项“双脚赤裸可能看起来很冷”与后文的but形成转折，故选B。‎ ‎37．答案　A 解析　本段主要阐述企鹅脚的特殊性，A选项“企鹅的腿像一个热量交换系统”与前文一致，故选A。‎ ‎38．答案　F 解析　根据前一句可知，企鹅的脚的血管很细，相互交织，让血液从身体流向脚部的时候，降低血液温度，当血液从脚部返回身体的时候，提升血液温度。F选项“脚部的血液温度降低，热量损失减少，而身体温度维持正常”阐述前一句现象的结果，故选F。‎ ‎39．答案　D 解析　根据前文可知，企鹅爸爸要保证孵化过程中企鹅蛋的温暖，以及后一句可知，小企鹅孵化出来时，企鹅妈妈出去觅食还没回来，企鹅爸爸必须用喉咙里的特殊物质来喂养小企鹅，‎ D选项“企鹅爸爸的爱不仅仅存在于孵化期间”符合前后文逻辑关系，故选D。‎ ‎40．答案　G 解析　根据后一句可知，作者阐述寒冷天气时手会变白是由于血液更少，因为血液流到了身体躯干部分，保证重要器官的温暖，故G选项“人类也有类似的系统”承上启下，衔接自然，故选G。‎ 第三部分　语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第一节　(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Two years ago I was a typical girl with a rather plain life.When 41 to a local voluntary organization called “PeertoPeer” by a poster，I had no idea what this group was about. 42 ，to learn more about it，I decided to attend a 43 ，which changed my life.‎ Just like the 44 suggests，everyone is considered a peer，including regular members and our leaders.This means we can 45 our leaders by their first names.We can also ask our leaders for help in 46 life situations，which we know they will never 47 ！When it comes to conversations about awkward topics like love，we are 48 not to be ashamed of ourselves.‎ This organization’s meetings 49 in our local library.We usually gather and communicate about 50 topics concerning our society：education，equality and safety...This kind of communication helps us to make the right choice and 51 our mind.Sometimes we’ve gone outside in order to participate in 52 events.One event we had， 53 ，was “Give a cigarette—Take a candy” intending to 54 smoking.‎ At this organization we are friends with each other and are a 55 community.I’ve also gained a lot of 56 experience by communicating with people and working in the team.‎ With time going by，I have found an abundance of other 57 organizations such as “Give Good” and “Youth Initiative Center”．All of them have 58 me a great chance to develop my own personality and make my life 59 .I’m sure I’ll have a lot of wonderful 60 about my youth with me getting older.‎ 语篇解读　这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，作者讲述了自己参加“PeertoPeer”志愿者组织的经历和收获。‎ ‎41．A.invited B．transformed C．promoted D．introduced 答案　D 解析　根据下文的“by a poster”可知，一幅海报让作者知道了“PeertoPeer”‎ 这个当地的志愿者组织，因此该空用introduce“使初次了解”。‎ ‎42．A.Besides B．Accidentally C．Therefore D．Luckily 答案　C 解析　上文“I had no idea what this group was about”表明作者不了解这个志愿者组织，下文“to learn more about it，I decided to attend...life”表明前后是因果关系，因此该空用Therefore“因此”。‎ ‎43．A.party B．meeting C．competition D．program 答案　B 解析　根据第三段的“This organization’s meetings”可知，此处指作者参加志愿者组织的一次会议(meeting)。‎ ‎44．A.name B．poster C．aim D．organization 答案　A 解析　根据第一段“PeertoPeer”和空后的“everyone is considered a peer”可知，此处表示正如这个志愿者组织的名字表明的那样，这里的每个人都被认为是同龄人，因此该空用name。‎ ‎45A.address B．assist C．inform D．avoid 答案　A 解析　根据本句中的“by their first names”可知，作者他们可以直呼领导们的名字。address在此是及物动词，表示“称呼(某人)”。‎ ‎46．A.simple B．difficult C．familiar D．similar 答案　B 解析　由句中的“ask our leaders for help”可知，在生活中有困难时可以向领导们求助，并且领导们从不拒绝，因此该空用difficult。‎ ‎47．A.accept B．understand C．realize D．reject 答案　D 解析　参见上题解析。reject表示“拒绝，不予考虑”。‎ ‎48．A.forced B．requested C．encouraged D．reminded 答案　C 解析　当涉及一些让人尴尬的话题时，作者他们被鼓励不要觉得难为情。we与encourage存在逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用被动语态，因此该空用encouraged。‎ ‎49．A.carry on B．take place C．set down D．turn up 答案　B 解析　由句意可知，志愿者组织的会议在当地图书馆召开，因此该空用take place“发生，举行”。carry on继续，参加；set down记下；turn up到达，突然出现。‎ ‎50．A.light B．rare C．hot D．plain 答案　C 解析　下文说到的“education，equality and safety”是社会热门话题，因此该空用hot“热门的”。‎ ‎51．A.broaden B．correct C．polish D．support 答案　A 解析　这种交流帮助作者他们作出正确的选择，开阔他们的眼界，因此该空用broaden“开阔，扩大(经验、知识等)”。‎ ‎52．A.powerful B．cheerful C．hopeful D．meaningful 答案　D 解析　根据下文提到的“Give a cigarette—Take a candy”可知，作者参加的是一些有意义的活动，因此该空用meaningful“有意义的”。‎ ‎53．A.in short B．as usual C．for example D．in effect 答案　C 解析　“Give a cigarette—Take a candy”是上文提到的有意义活动中的一个，因此用for example“例如”。‎ ‎54．A.criticize B．spread C．decrease D．ignore 答案　C 解析　根据活动的主题“Give a cigarette—Take a candy”可知，用香烟换糖，其目的当然是鼓励人们减少吸烟，因此用decrease“减少”。‎ ‎55．A.famous B．tight C．workable D．good 答案　B 解析　由上文“At this organization we are friends with each other”可知，在组织里作者他们彼此是朋友，此处应表示他们也是一个亲密的团体，因此该空用tight“亲密的，密切的”。‎ ‎56．A.original B．particular C．potential D．precious 答案　D 解析　根据上下文可知，作者在这里收获颇丰，因此选precious“珍贵的”。original最初的；particular特别的；potential潜在的，可能的。‎ ‎57．A.voluntary B．individual C．professional D．social 答案　A 解析　根据第一段的“a local voluntary organzation”和本句中的“other organizations such as...”可知，作者发现了许多其他的志愿者组织。‎ ‎58．A.cost B．guaranteed C．owed D．prepared 答案　B 解析　这些志愿者组织为作者发展个性创造了机会。guarantee确保，保证，符合语境。‎ ‎59．A.irregular B．comfortable C．attractive D．unbelievable 答案　D 解析　根据全文的感情色彩和第一段中的“which changed my life”可知，参加志愿者组织使作者的生活发生了巨大变化，因此此处指“让我的人生好得令人难以置信”。unbelievable非常好的，令人难以置信的，符合语境。‎ ‎60．A.memories B．impressions C．secrets D．dreams 答案　A 解析　作者相信随着年龄的增长，自己会有很多与青春有关的美好回忆(memories)。‎ 第二节　(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Being overweight can cause depression even when no other health problems exist，according to a study released Tuesday by the University of Exeter.‎ A team 61. (lead) by researchers from the University of Exeter analyzed UK Biobank data(基因数据库) from more 62. 48,000 people with depression and 63. (compare) them ‎ to another group of more than 290,000 people.‎ While 64. has long been known that depression is more common in obesity，the team concluded 65. higher body mass index(体重指数) can cause depression in itself，even in the absence 66. other health problems.‎ Our genetic analysis concludes that the psychological impact of being obese is likely ‎ ‎67. (cause) depression.This is important to help take efforts to reduce depression,68. makes it much harder for people to adopt 69. (health) lifestyle habits，said Dr Jess Tyrrell.The team tested their results in many people and they reached 70. same conclusion，verifying their results.‎ The study has been published in the International Journal of Epidemiology.‎ ‎61．答案　led 解析　考查非谓语动词。空后是by，引出动作的执行者，lead与空前team构成被动关系，“由研究者所带领的团队”，故用过去分词作后置定语修饰前面的名词，故填led。‎ ‎62．答案　than 解析　考查介词。more than 超过，多余，后面通常跟数字，故填than。‎ ‎63．答案　compared 解析　考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，此处与前面的谓语动词analyzed并列，时态要保持一致，故填compared。‎ ‎64．答案　it 解析　考查代词。It has long been known that...“众所周知……”，这是一个常用句型，it作形式主语，that从句是真正的主语。故填it。‎ ‎65．答案　that 解析　考查连词。这里是由that引导的宾语从句，在动词之后。意为“这个团队推断出较高的体重指数可能会产生抑郁”，空后句意完整，不缺成分，故填that。‎ ‎66．答案　of 解析　考查介词。in the absence of 是固定搭配，意为“缺了……”，故填of。‎ ‎67．答案　to cause 解析　考查非谓语动词。be likely to do有可能做某事，是固定用法，故填to cause。‎ ‎68．答案　which 解析　考查定语从句。空前有逗号，空后是动词，证明缺主语，这是典型的非限制性定语从句。根据句意，逗号前面的一整句话为先行词，能够代替整句话的关系词只有which，故填which。‎ ‎69．答案　healthy 解析　考查形容词。空后是lifestyle habits，为一个名词结构，需要形容词修饰，故填healthy。‎ ‎70．答案　the 解析　考查冠词。此处表示“同一个结论”，the same意为“相同的”，是一个固定结构，故填the。‎ 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节　短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ ‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ The Moments(朋友圈) section of WeChat has become the popular part of the social networking platform.We can share everything about their life on it with our friend.Many teenagers，however，chose to keep their parents out their Moments.They argue that if their parents get involved，and they will feel upset.As far as I am concerning，I feel happily when my parents comment on my posts in my Moments.It shows their love and care for me.What’s more，shut them off may make the generation gap bigger and bigger，when inviting them in would help us communicate better and feel closer to each other than before.‎ 答案　‎ The Moments(朋友圈) section of WeChat has become popular part of the social networking platform.We can share everything about life on it with our .Many teenagers，however， to keep their parents out their Moments.They argue that if their parents get involved，and they will feel upset.As far as I am ，I feel when my parents comment on my posts in my Moments.It shows their love and care for me.What’s more， them off may make the generation gap bigger and bigger， inviting them in would help us communicate better and feel closer to each other than before.‎ 语篇解读　本文讲述了一些年轻人把父母屏蔽在微信朋友圈之外，文章指出这种做法的错误之处，并建议我们让父母参与到我们的朋友圈之中，这有利于双方的交流。‎ 第一处：考查冠词。不定冠词a/an通常表示泛指，修饰可数名词单数形式。‎ 第二处：考查代词。本句主语是we，应该使用物主代词our和we保持一致。‎ 第三处：考查名词的单复数及生活常识。通常来说人们生活中的朋友不止一人，所以使用复数形式friends。‎ 第四处：考查动词的时态。全文都使用一般现在时，所以本句谓语动词也应该使用一般现在时的形式choose。‎ 第五处：考查固定短语。短语keep...out of...使……在……之外；名词短语their Moments作介词out of的宾语。‎ 第六处：考查连词。本句动词argue的宾语是宾语从句if their parents get involved，and they will feel upset其中if引导了条件状语从句，后面应该是主句，不应该再有连词连接，所以要删除that。‎ 第七处：考查固定句式。固定句式As far as I am concerned在我看来，就我而言。原句中的concerning是一个介词，意为“关于……”。‎ 第八处：考查形容词。在英语中形容词通常作定语或者表语。本句中形容词happy和系动词feel一起构成系表结构。‎ 第九处：考查动名词作主语。本句中谓语may make...的前面应该是主语部分，而动词原形是不能在句中作主语的，所以使用动名词短语shutting them off在句中作主语。‎ 第十处：考查连词。连词while有多层含义，本句意为“然而”，表示上下文轻微的对比、转折关系。‎ 第二节　书面表达(满分25分)‎ ‎ 假定你是李华，你校将开展中学生科技创新(scientific innovation)活动。请给你的英国好友Peter发封电子邮件，告知相关内容并邀请他参加。内容包括：‎ ‎1．活动目的；‎ ‎2．活动时间、地点；‎ ‎3．活动内容。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 参考范文 Dear Peter，‎ ‎ How is everything going? I’d like to invite you to participate in our school’s scientific innovation activity aimed at inspiring students’ interest in science and technology.‎ The activity involves a series of activities such as exhibitions of students’ innovation productions and onspot shows of students designing and making new devices.It will take place at ‎ the school assembly hall from 2：00 p．m.to 5：00 p．m.next Saturday.All the teachers，students as well as parents are welcome.‎ I sincerely hope that you can come and enjoy it.If you have any questions，please feel free to inform me.Looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua