2020版高考英语总复习Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars高考题型分组训练 人教版必修

2020版高考英语总复习Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars高考题型分组训练 人教版必修

Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars 高考题型分组训练 训练一　语言知识运用板块训练——重情理，练准度 ‎(限时：25分钟)‎ Ⅰ.完形填空 ‎(2018·太原市高三期末考)Ding Ding was born with cerebral palsy(脑瘫), and doctors told his parents he was “not worth saving”. But his mother __1__ doctors and even her husband, devoting her life to helping her son overcome difficulties and make __2__ of his abilities. At 29, Ding Ding, who had cerebral palsy, has been __3__ to Harvard‎ ‎University.‎ In 1988, Ding nearly suffocated(窒息) during a birth complication, which left him with cerebral palsy. Doctors __4__ to his mother Zou Hongyan that she give up the baby saying it was worthless trying to __5__ him. The doctor said Ding would __6__ either disabled or with __7__ intelligence. Even the boy's __8__ agreed with the doctors, and told Zou that the boy would be a burden for the family for his entire life. __9__ Zou insisted on saving the boy and soon divorced.‎ To support the family and provide __10__ for her son, Zou __11__ several jobs. In her spare time, she taught __12__ how to massage his stiff muscles, and would also play educational __13__ with him. “I didn't want him to feel __14__ about his physical problems，” she said. “I was quite strict with him, so he could __15__ with others when he had difficulties.”‎ Ding graduated with a __16__ in environmental science from Peking University in 2011. That same __17__， he got a second degree at the university's international law school. In 2016, Ding got the offer from Harvard‎ Law ‎School.‎ ‎“I never dared to dream of __18__ Harvard，” Ding said. “It was my mother who __19__ stopped encouraging me to give it a try. __20__ I had any doubts, she would guide me forward.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。29岁的残疾人Ding Ding被哈佛大学录取，他将成功归功于母亲的坚持和她无私的奉献。母亲不遗余力地帮助Ding Ding克服困难并充分挖掘其潜能，最终使他获得了成功。‎ ‎1．A.ignored B．believed C．abandoned D．thanked ‎[解析]　考查动词辨析。A项意为“不理睬，忽视”；B项意为“相信”；C项意为“遗弃，放弃”；D项意为“感谢”。由上文语境并结合“But”表示转折可知，这里表示Ding 9‎ ‎ Ding的母亲对于医生和丈夫的意见不予理睬。故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎2．A.fun B．sense C．the most D．a list ‎[解析]　考查词义辨析。make the most of是固定短语，意为“充分利用”，这里表示母亲奉献其一生帮助儿子克服困难并充分利用自己的能力。故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎3．A.returned B．accepted C．moved D．compared ‎[解析]　考查动词辨析。A项意为“返回”；B项意为“接受”；C项意为“移动”；D项意为“比较”。由倒数第二段中的“Ding got the offer from Harvard Law School”可知，Ding Ding在29岁时被哈佛大学录取。故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎4．A.lied B．apologized C．explained D．suggested ‎[解析]　考查动词辨析。A项意为“说谎”；B项意为“道歉”；C项意为“解释”；D项意为“建议”。根据语境可知，此处指医生建议Ding Ding的母亲Zou Hongyan放弃这个孩子。故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎5．A.support B．find C．rescue D．leave ‎[解析]　考查动词辨析。A项意为“支持”；B项意为“发现，找到”；C项意为“拯救，营救”，D项意为“离开”。根据语境可知，医生建议母亲放弃这个孩子，说拯救他是没有价值的。故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎6．A.build up B．grow up C．work out D．set out ‎[解析]　考查动词短语辨析。A项意为“增强”；B项意为“成长，长大”；C项意为“解决，算出”；D项意为“开始，出发”。根据语境可知，医生说Ding Ding长大之后，不是残疾就是低智商。故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎7．A.super B．extra C．healthy D．low ‎[解析]　‎ 9‎ 考查形容词辨析。A项意为“超级的”；B项意为“额外的”；C项意为“健康的”；D项意为“低的”。根据语境及空格前的“disabled”可知，此处表示残疾的或是低智商的。故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎8．A.nurse B．teacher C．father D．friend ‎ ‎[解析]　考查名词辨析。根据上文的“even her husband”和下文的“a burden for the family”及“divorced”可知，此处指Ding Ding的父亲也赞成医生的意见。故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎9．A.But B．And C．So D．For ‎[解析]　考查连词辨析。根据下文可知，Ding Ding的母亲坚持救他，而父亲的观点不同，此处表示转折，应用连词but。故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎10．A.production B．treatment C．information D．entertainment ‎[解析]　考查名词辨析。A项意为“产品”；B项意为“治疗”；C项意为“信息”；D项意为“娱乐”。由上文内容可知Ding Ding患有脑瘫，需要治疗。故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎11．A.quit B．tried C．took up D．turned off ‎[解析]　考查动词(短语)辨析。A项意为“辞职”；B项意为“尝试”；C项意为“从事”；D项意为“关上”。根据语境可知，为了养家和给儿子看病，母亲不得不做好几份工作。故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎12．A.himself B．herself C．it D．that ‎[解析]　考查代词辨析。根据语境可知，母亲空闲时间自学如何给儿子按摩僵硬的肌肉。句子主语是“she”，应用反身代词herself。故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎13．A.games B．music C．roles D．exams ‎[解析]　考查名词辨析。A项意为“游戏”；B项意为“音乐”；C项意为“角色”；D项意为“考试”。由上文中的“with ________ intelligence”可知，为了开发儿子的智力，母亲跟他一起玩具有教育意义的游戏。故选A。‎ 9‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎14．A.amused B．proud C．tired D．ashamed ‎[解析]　考查形容词辨析。A项意为“觉得好笑的”；B项意为“骄傲的”；C项意为“劳累的”；D项意为“羞愧的”。这里指母亲不想让儿子对自己在身体上存在的缺陷有羞愧感。故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎15．A.catch up B．end up C．chat D．agree ‎[解析]　考查动词(短语)辨析。A项意为“赶上”；B项意为“最终，结果”；C项意为“闲聊”；D项意为“同意”。空格前的“so”表示因果关系。因为母亲对儿子很严格，所以他遇到困难时能尽力赶上别人。故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎16．A.grade B．test C．schedule D．degree ‎[解析]　考查名词辨析。A项意为“分数”；B项意为“测试”；C项意为“时间表”；D项意为“学位”。由上文中的“graduated”和下文中的“a second degree”可知，Ding Ding从北京大学环境科学专业毕业，获得了学位。故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎17．A.year B．size C．room D．kind ‎[解析]　考查名词辨析。由上文中的“in 2011”和“same”可知，此处指同年Ding Ding又获得了一个学位。故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎18．A.going over B．applying to C．looking at D．sending for ‎[解析]　考查动词短语辨析。A项意为“复习，检查”；B项意为“申请”；C项意为“看”；D项意为“派人去请”。根据语境可知，此处指Ding Ding从不敢梦想去申报哈佛大学。故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎19．A.always B．ever C．never D．yet ‎[解析]　考查副词辨析。A项意为“总是”；B项意为“曾经”；C项意为“从不”；D项意为“然而”。此处指母亲一直鼓励他前行，从不放弃。故选C。‎ 9‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎20．A.However B．Because C．Since D．Whenever ‎[解析]　考查连词辨析。A项意为“不管怎样”；B项意为“因为”；C项意为“既然”；D项意为“无论何时”。由语境可知，无论Ding Ding什么时候遇到问题，母亲总是指引他前行。故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D Ⅱ.语法填空 Kierman was born in Sydney‎, ‎Australia, and grew up near the sea. For more than 40 years, he raced in international sailing 1.____________(compete)．‎ While taking part in 2.____________ important race in 1987, Kierman began to notice the huge amount of rubbish in the world's oceans. He decided to do something about it.‎ He organized a community event called “Clean Up Sydney Harbour”. On Sunday, January 8, 1989, more than 40,000 volunteers came out 3.____________(clear) away rubbish. The next year, Kierman made the clean－up a national event, 4.____________ turned out to be a huge success. Across Australia, about 300,000 people spent the day 5.____________(improve) their local environment.‎ Since then, “Clean Up Australia” has got 6.____________(big) year by year. In 2002, for example, 800,000 people 7.____________(clean) up almost 15,000 tons of rubbish from Australia's beaches, parks and streets.‎ ‎8．____________ (inspire) by the success of his project, Kierman started an even bigger program. 9.____________ the help of the United Nations Environment Program, he introduced “Clean Up the World” to other parts of the world. “Clean Up the World” has been growing 10.____________(rapid) and his wonderful idea has now spread from one city to the whole world.‎ 语篇解读：本文为记叙文。Kierman在参加环球航海比赛中，开始注意到海洋污染。于是，他组织成立了Clean Up Sydney Harbour，并取得了巨大的成功。‎ ‎1．[解析]　该空所填单词在句中作raced in的宾语，需用compete的名词形式。根据语境，此处需用复数。‎ ‎[答案]　competitions ‎2．[解析]　该空表示泛指，important是以元音音素开头的单词，因此该空用an。‎ ‎[答案]　an ‎3．[解析]　to clear away rubbish是不定式短语作目的状语。‎ 9‎ ‎[答案]　to clear ‎4．[解析]　关系代词which指代先行词event，引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。‎ ‎[答案]　which ‎5．[解析]　spend time doing sth.表示“某人花时间做某事”。‎ ‎[答案]　improving ‎6．[解析]　这里指的是活动规模一年比一年大，故用比较级。‎ ‎[答案]　bigger ‎7．[解析]　“In 2002”是具体的过去时间作状语，谓语动词用一般过去时。‎ ‎[答案]　cleaned ‎8．[解析]　Inspired by the success of his project是过去分词短语作状语，分词动作与逻辑主语Kierman之间是动宾关系。‎ ‎[答案]　Inspired ‎9．[解析]　with the help of...表示“在……的帮助下”。‎ ‎[答案]　With ‎10．[解析]　该空所填单词在句中修饰谓语动词，需用rapid的副词形式。‎ ‎[答案]　rapidly 训练二　主观应用题板块训练——重语法，练规范 ‎(限时：45分钟)‎ Ⅰ.语法填空 ‎(2018·湖南六校联考)Have you ever noticed that you feel happier and more relaxed after you eat bread, pasta or fruit? Do you find that you are more energetic and awake after eating yogurt or beans? These things are not accidents. Food affects 1.____________ we feel more than we think. Scientists researching 2.____________(it) effect on our moods are beginning to understand that we can influence our feelings with what we eat.‎ Although our moods relate 3.____________ having various food, it is not quite as simple as choosing the food for the right occasions. If that 4.____________(be) the case, athletes would not eat a lot of carbohydrates before a race. ‎ Another chemical 5.____________(connect) with our moods is caffeine, which 6.____________(find) in coffee, chocolate and many types of tea, and it is perhaps 7.____________ worst thing you can have when you are feeling stressed.‎ Of course, 8.____________(enjoy) a nice meal with friends, whatever we eat, can also impact our spirits. Being with friends and family plays a big part in 9‎ ‎ experiencing happiness.‎ Most 9.____________(important), though, remember the following old rule: try to eat different food, 10.____________ not too much.‎ 语篇解读：我们所吃的食物会对我们的情绪有影响。因此，我们要尝试吃不同的食物，但是不要吃太多。‎ ‎1．[解析]　分析该句结构可知，空处引导宾语从句；结合语境可以判断，应用疑问副词how引导该从句。‎ ‎[答案]　how ‎2．[解析]　由名词effect可知，应用形容词性物主代词its。‎ ‎[答案]　its ‎3．[解析]　relate to为固定搭配，意为“和……有关系”。‎ ‎[答案]　to ‎4．[解析]　根据该句中的“athletes would not eat a lot of carbohydrates before a race”可知，该句为虚拟语气，表示对目前情况的虚拟，故从句谓语动词用过去式were。‎ ‎[答案]　were ‎5．[解析]　chemical和connect为动宾关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语。‎ ‎[答案]　connected ‎6．[解析]　此处which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为caffeine，和find之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态；此处是对客观情况的描述，应用一般现在时。‎ ‎[答案]　is found ‎7．[解析]　根据空后的形容词最高级worst可知，空处应用the。‎ ‎[答案]　the ‎8．[解析]　分析该句结构可知，此处为动名词短语在句中作主语。‎ ‎[答案]　enjoying ‎9．[解析]　空处修饰全句，故用副词形式。‎ ‎[答案]　importantly ‎10．[解析]　根据语境可知，尝试吃不同的食物，但是不要吃太多。根据句意可知，空处应用转折连词。‎ ‎[答案]　but/yet Ⅱ.短文改错 ‎(2018·河南南阳一中月考)I have been used to carry small bags with me to many of the places I go to them. When seen someone might need a smile, I just hand him a bag and say “have a nicer day”. I'm delighted see how it puts a smile on his face. I do it in the doctor's office, the grocery store and I had even done it in 9‎ ‎ Walmart. I just like to make a true positive difference in how someone' s day is going. There's the saying that you can't help the whole world but you can be the world with one person. And that's which I want to do: make a difference in their days and let them know that people do care!‎ ‎[答案]　‎ I have been used to small bags with me to many of the places I go to . When someone might need a smile, I just hand him a bag and say “have a day”. I'm delighted see how it puts a smile on his face. I do it in the doctor's office, the grocery store and I even done it in Walmart. I just like to make a positive difference in how someone' s day is going. There's saying that you can't help the whole world but you can be the world one person. And that's I want to do: make a difference in their days and let them know that people do care!‎ Ⅲ.书面表达 ‎(2018·湖南部分重点高中演练)假定你是李华，即将去美国参加一个中美文化夏令营活动。请你根据以下内容要点给你的美国朋友Mike写一封信，告知他你的美国之行。‎ ‎1．此行的目的；‎ ‎2．活动的内容；‎ ‎3．你的期望。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．开头语和结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数。‎ 参考词汇：中美文化交流：Sino－US cultural exchanges Dear Mike，‎ I'm writing to tell you something about my trip to America. ‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ Yours，‎ 9‎ Li Hua ‎[答案]　‎ Dear_Mike，‎ I'm_writing_to_tell_you_something_about_my_trip_to_America. This summer I am to attend an English summer camp for Sino－US cultural exchanges, which I have long been dreaming about.‎ This program is aimed at promoting the understanding of the people and culture between the two countries. During the two－week English summer camp, we will visit some famous American universities, experience American culture and customs, and tour places of interest in the US. Furthermore, we will also be offered a platform to practice our spoken English in an authentic language environment.‎ I am sure that this program will help me better understand the cultural difference between the two countries. Meanwhile, I can introduce my country to American students through this program, which will definitely be a great success.‎ Looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours，‎ Li_Hua 9‎