【英语】2019届二轮复习书面表达专题如何在写作中使用非谓语动词（7页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习书面表达专题如何在写作中使用非谓语动词（7页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习书面表达专题如何在写作中使用非谓语动词 一、动名词 动名词是由动词的ing形式构成，兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词。它可以带有自己的宾语，也能被副词修饰。动名词有时态和语态的变化，可以作主语、宾语、表语和定语等。‎ ‎(1)Such rude riding contributes to the disorder of traffic.‎ 这样野蛮的骑车方式导致了交通混乱。(2015·江苏)‎ ‎(2)Some students are addicted to playing computer games and some often cheat in the exams.‎ 一些学生迷恋玩网络游戏，还有一些经常在考试中作弊。(2015·广东)‎ ‎(3)As for cheating in the exams，I will tell them the importance of honesty.‎ 至于考试作弊，我会告诉他们诚实的重要性。(2015·广东)‎ ‎(4)As an old saying goes，living without a clear and achievable aim is like sailing without a compass.‎ 俗话说得好，生活没有明确的目标就好像航海没有指南针。(2015·重庆)‎ ‎(5)Hope to meet you at the training camp this summer.‎ 希望在今年夏天的训练营见到你。(2015·北京)‎ ‎(6)As a student，I can tell you that there is nothing better than being praised by my teacher before my classmates.‎ 作为一个学生，我可以告诉你，没有什么比在同学们面前受到老师表扬更好的事情了。(2015·湖南)‎ 二、现在分词 现在分词的一般式：doing；一般被动式：being done；完成式：having done；完成被动式：having been done。 所有否定式都是在ing前面加not ，包括独立主格形式。现在分词既具有动词的特征，可以有自己的宾语和状语；又具有形容词和副词的特征，可以充当表语，定语，状语，补足语，表示主动或正在进行的动作。‎ ‎(1)While visiting the art exhibition，we discussed the great artists’ works.‎ 参观艺术展时，我们讨论了伟大的艺术家们的作品。(2016·天津)‎ ‎(2)A week before Earth Day，posters were put up around our school，calling upon us to join in the actions for a greener earth.‎ 地球日的前一周，学校里张贴了海报，号召我们参加绿化地球的行动。(2016·北京)‎ ‎(3) I feel proud knowing your interest in Chinese history.‎ 得知你对中国历史感兴趣，我感到很自豪。(2016·北京)‎ ‎(4)Some riders of ebikes and bicycles come and go in all directions，ignoring traffic lights and other vehicles.‎ 一些骑电动车和自行车的人朝四面八方往来穿梭，忽视交通灯和其他车辆。(2015·江苏)‎ ‎(5)With English words getting popular in both media and daily life，a Chinese dictionary has included 239 of them，leaving the public divided into two opposing groups：“For” and “Against”．‎ 随着英语单词在媒体和日常生活中越来越流行，一本汉语词典收录了239个英语单词，这使公众分成了相反的两派：“赞成”和“反对”。(2014·江苏)‎ ‎(6)In the coming three years，our school life will be challenging.‎ 在未来三年中，我们的学校生活将会是充满挑战的。(2014·江西)‎ ‎(7)Hearing this，the whole class burst into laughter and my deskmate’s face turned red.‎ 听到这个，全班同学大笑起来，我同桌的脸变红了。(2013·湖北)‎ ‎(8)These days，breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon，causing serious harm to life and the environment.‎ 目前，违反交通规则，乱扔垃圾的事情屡见不鲜，对生活和环境造成了严重破坏。(2013·安徽)‎ 三、过去分词 过去分词与现在分词主要差别在于：现在分词表示“主动和进行”；过去分词表示“被动和完成”(不及物动词的过去分词不表示被动，只表示完成)。分词都可以有自己的状语、宾语或逻辑主语等。可以充当表语、定语、状语和补足语。‎ ‎(1)As scheduled，we participated in several instructive activities.‎ 按照日程安排，我们参加了几个有教育意义的活动。(2016·天津)‎ ‎(2)The “Foreign Cultures” section in our newspaper is very popular among us students.It carries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries.‎ 在我们报纸上的“外国文化”这一节很受我们学生的欢迎。它有一些外国朋友写的关于他们本国文化的文章。(2015·全国Ⅰ)‎ ‎(3)Compared to the traditional ones，they have three new unique functions.‎ 与传统的相比，他们有三个新的独特功能。(2014·湖南)‎ ‎(4)I am really moved and inspired by her kindness.‎ 我被她的善良感动和鼓舞着。(2014·广东)‎ ‎(5)However，it was harder than expected.‎ 然而，它比预料的难。(2014·福建)‎ ‎(6)I noticed the entrance was small and almost blocked.‎ 我注意到入口处很小而且几乎被堵塞了。(2014·北京)‎ 即时训练 用非谓语动词翻译下列句子 ‎1．我喜欢被表扬。(2015·湖南)‎ I like being praised.‎ ‎2．大师写的经典作品通过迷人的故事和语言展现出伟大的思想。(2014·浙江)‎ Classic works，written by masters，present great thoughts through fascinating stories and language.‎ ‎3．得知我们的图书馆要买书，我想给一些建议。(2014·浙江)‎ Knowing that our library is going to buy books，I’d like to give some suggestions.‎ ‎4．因为对那件事感到相当抱歉，我开始考虑做点什么给予帮助。(2013·陕西)‎ Feeling quite sorry for that，I begin to think about what to do to help.‎ ‎5．美丽的月亮挂在天空，我们坐在一起吃月饼和水果，分享我们的故事。(2013·辽宁)‎ With the beautiful moon up in the sky，we sit together and eat moon cakes and fruit，sharing our stories.‎ 不定式 动词不定式是构成长句的一个重要因素。不定式由自己的宾语、状语和补足语，组成不定式短语。在分析句子时要把不定式短语看作一个整体。不定式在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补足语。‎ 一、不定式作主语 ‎(1)It is everybody’s duty to observe them to keep our society in order.‎ 遵守它们(交通规则)以保持社会秩序是每个人的责任。(2015·江苏)‎ ‎(2)It takes four to six weeks to finish the report.‎ 要完成这个报告会花费我四到六周的时间。(2015·广东)‎ ‎(3)It is a great honour for me to tell you some information relevant to the local life.‎ 能告诉你关于当地生活的一些相关信息是我的荣幸。(2014·天津)‎ ‎(4)We can see that it’s not uncommon for one language to borrow words from other languages.‎ 我们可以看到一种语言借用其他语言的词汇的现象很普遍。(2014·江苏)‎ ‎(5)It’s not difficult for them to understand these words in Chinese contexts.‎ 对他们来说，在汉语语境中理解这些词汇并不难。(2014·江苏)‎ 二、不定式作宾语 ‎(1)I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin.‎ 我从你的海报上得知你想提高普通话。(2015·四川)‎ ‎(2)I tend to take the “Against” side for two reasons.‎ 我倾向于支持反对方，原因有两个。(2014·江苏)‎ ‎(3)People need to learn to accept the reality and keep on trying.‎ 人们需要学会接受事实，继续努力。(2013·北京)‎ ‎(4)I will regard it as my duty to help keep our environment clean and healthy.‎ 我会把它当作我的职责，以帮助保持我们的环境清洁和健康。(2013·安徽)‎ 三、不定式作表语 ‎(1)The important thing is to learn to control your temper.‎ 重要的是学会控制你的情绪。(2014·安徽)‎ ‎(2)The first thing I plan to do is to do a parttime job in a fastfood restaurant.‎ 我计划做的第一件事是在快餐店做兼职。(2013·山东)‎ 四、不定式作定语 ‎(1)Our class came up with the idea to make better use of used materials.‎ 我们班提出了更好地利用旧材料的想法。(2016·北京)‎ ‎(2)Could we make another appointment to go to the bookstore together?‎ 我们能另约个时间一起去书店吗？(2016·全国Ⅲ)‎ ‎(3)Success consists in the ability to continue efforts through failures.‎ 成功在于百折不挠。(2014·福建)‎ 五、不定式作状语 ‎(1)In order to earn some extra money and reduce my family’s burden，I’d like to go to a foreign capital company to find a parttime job.‎ 为了挣些外快减少家庭负担，我想去外资企业找一份兼职工作。(2016·全国Ⅰ)‎ ‎(2)We should make full use of time to study.‎ 我们应该充分利用时间来学习。(2015·广东)‎ ‎(3)We should take pains to improve ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future.‎ 我们应该努力通过学习提高自我，为未来做好准备。(2015·福建)‎ ‎(4)A man immediately rushed to the girl to give her first aid and I joined in without hesitation.‎ 一个人迅速跑过去给那个女孩急救，我毫不犹豫地参与了。(2014·湖北)‎ ‎(5)To make our life easier and the environment more beautiful，I have designed a pair of magic shoes.‎ 为了使我们的生活更轻松环境更美好，我设计了一双有魔力的鞋。(2014·湖南)‎ 六、不定式作补足语 ‎(1)She patiently explained all the rules to the students and required everyone to follow them.‎ 她耐心地向学生解释所有的规则，而且要求他们每个人要遵守。(2015·广东)‎ ‎(2)I’d like to invite you to join us for a visit to the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival.‎ 我想邀请你在下周六和我们一起去附近的敬老院过重阳节。(2015·全国Ⅱ)‎ ‎(3)In my opinion，those who have received her donation will be encouraged to study even harder and try their best to achieve success.‎ 在我看来，那些收到她的捐赠的人会受到鼓励，会更努力地学习，尽他们的最大努力获得成功。(2014·广东)‎ ‎(4)Every one of you is expected to be part of the event.‎ 希望每个人都是这个活动中的一部分。(2014·辽宁)‎ ‎(5)We were asked to make a sentence with it.‎ 我们被要求用它造一个句子。(2013·湖北)‎ 七、疑问词＋不定式 ‎(1)Last Tuesday，our class invited an old craftsman to teach us how to make dough figurines.‎ 上周二，我们班邀请了一位老工匠来教我们怎样做面人。(2015·北京)‎ ‎(2)It is my honor to be here to share with you my opinions on what to learn in senior high school.‎ 非常荣幸在这里与你们分享我的关于高中学习内容的观点。(2014·江西)‎ 八、形容词＋不定式 ‎(1)Dear guests，you are welcome to take part in some activities.‎ 亲爱的来宾，欢迎大家参加一些活动。(2014·陕西)‎ ‎(2)I’m very delighted to learn that you’re coming to our class to study with us as an exchange student next term.‎ 我很高兴得知下学期你要作为一名交换生来我们班和我们一起学习。(2014·天津) ‎ ‎(3)I am good at communicating and always ready to help others.‎ 我擅长交际，乐于助人。(2013·天津)‎ ‎(4)At this very moment，my parents came back and were quite surprised to see all the rooms tidy and floors shining.‎ 就在这时，我的父母回来了，看到所有房间整洁、地面光亮感到非常惊讶。(2013·陕西)‎ ‎(5)However，without their hard work，it is difficult to imagine what our environment would be like.‎ 然而，如果没有他们的辛勤劳动，很难想象我们的环境会是什么样的。(2013·广东)‎ 九、不定式的主动形式表达被动含义 ‎(1)The bike seemed too heavy and difficult to control.‎ 自行车似乎很沉，难以控制。(2014·福建)‎ ‎(2)Once，I was faced with great difficulty in learning English，especially in vocabulary and grammar，which，from my point of view，is unlikely to overcome.‎ 我曾经在学英语方面面临很大困难，尤其是词汇和语法，这在我看来是不可能克服的。(2014·山东)‎ ‎(3)In some experts’ opinion，living conditions on the Mars are very hard to tolerate.‎ 在一些专家看来，火星上的生活条件艰苦得难以忍受。(2013·广东)‎ 即时训练 用动词不定式翻译下列句子 ‎1．我们可能有不同的方法来处理这样一个情况。(2015·浙江)‎ We may have various ways to deal with such a situation.‎ ‎2．我认为这对我来说是一个进一步提高我能力的绝佳机会。(2015·陕西)‎ I think it’s a perfect opportunity for me to further develop my abilities.‎ ‎3．现在我有一个好消息要告诉你。(2015·天津)‎ Now I have a piece of good news to tell you.‎ ‎4．此外，我们应该学会怎样与别人相处得融洽。(2014·江西)‎ In addition，we should learn how to get along well with others.‎ ‎5．他们的确有助于强健我的身体、丰富我的校园生活。(2014·江西)‎ They were really helpful to build up my body and enrich my school life.‎ ‎6．首先，我们应该学会高效学习。(2014·江西)‎ Firstly，we should learn to learn efficiently.‎ ‎7．现在我们在那里停放自行车容易了。(2014·北京)‎ Now it is easy for us to park our bikes there.‎ ‎8．就我个人来说，为了实现我的学习目标，我过去常常尝试多种有效的方法。(2014·江西)‎ Personally，I used to try effective methods to achieve my academic goals.‎