2019届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit1Greatscientists单元学案（30页word版）(1)

2019届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit1Greatscientists单元学案（30页word版）(1)

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit 1Great scientists单元学案 ‎

‎ 核心单词 ‎1. characteristic n.特色；特性；典型 adj.特有的，表示特性的；典型的 Kindness is one of his characteristics.‎ 和善是他的特性之一。‎ A characteristic of the camel is its ability to live for a long time without water.‎ 骆驼的一个特点是不喝水也能活很长时间。‎ He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his was seen at its best when he worked with others. （2010·01·山东德州检测）‎ A. Characteristic B. character C. Appearance D. temper ‎ ‎
解析:选B。句意为：他证明自己是个真正的绅士，和别人一起工作的时候，他的性格总表现出最好的一面。character作名词时，表示“性格；特点”，一般是不可数名词；characteristic是可数名词，常用复数形式，表示“总的特点”。‎ 易混辨析 character/characteristic ‎ ‎ character n.性格，品质（本身具有的）；角色，人物；字体，字符 characteristic n. 特点，特征（用以区别于其他事物的）‎ 高手过招 ‎ 单项填空 ‎2. defeat ‎ vt.击败；打败；使（计划、希望）落空 Our team defeated our opponent by 5:0.‎ 我们队以五比零的比分战胜了对手。‎ He was defeated in his plan.他的计划失败了。‎ 易混辨析 ‎ defeat/conquer/overcome 三个词都含有“战胜”、“击败”的意思。 ‎ defeat指“赢得胜利”，尤其指军事上的胜利，如：defeat the enemy(打败敌人)。‎ conquer指“征服;战胜”,尤其指获得对人、物或感情的控制，如：conquer nature（征服自然）。‎ overcome指“战胜；压倒；克服”，尤其指“感情”，如：overcome difficulties（克服困难）。‎ defeat/beat/win ‎ defeat, beat都表示在战斗或竞赛中“战胜,打败(对手)”,后接竞争对手。如：beat the competitor/the country/the team ...打败对手/国家/团队……‎ win也表示“战胜,赢得”,‎ 但它的宾语通常是比赛、战争、奖品或表示尊重、崇拜之类意义的词。如：win a race/a battle/a war/a scholarship/a prize/a medal/success/friendship/reward ...赢得比赛/战役/战争/奖学金/奖品/奖章/成功/友谊/奖赏……‎ 高手过招 ‎ 选词填空（beat/defeat/conquer/win） （原创）‎ ‎①By not working hard enough you your own purpose.‎ ‎②Some countries may be but can never be .‎ ‎③Who is the drum?‎ ‎④He the first prize in the writing contest.‎ 答案:①defeated ②defeated; conquered ‎③beating ④won ‎3. attend ‎ v. 注意；留意；处理(与to连用)=do with；‎ 出席；到场；照看；照料=take care=look after 常用结构：‎ attend school/college 上学/上大学 attend a lecture/meeting 听讲座/出席会议 attend a wedding/ceremony 出席婚礼/参加典礼 attendance n. 出席；出席的人数；伺候；照料 ‎ We’ll attend to the problem later. 稍后我们将关注这个问题。‎ ‎ Which doctor is attending you? 哪个医生为你看病?‎ 高手过招 翻译句子 （原创）‎ ‎①他们在我们不在时管理事务。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎②他在这个领域很出名，今晚会有成千上万的敬仰者参加他的讲座。‎ 答案：①They attended our affairs during our absence.‎ ‎②He is famous in this field, and tens of thousands of fans will attend his lecture this evening.‎ ‎


‎ ‎4. expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光，常与介词to连用，表示“使暴露于（日光、风雨等）；受到风险；使面临”。‎ 常用结构：‎ expose sth./sb./oneself (to ...) 显露或暴露于……‎ be exposed to 暴露于……‎ Don’t expose it to the rain/wind.别让它被雨淋/风吹。‎ The soldiers in the open field are exposed to the enemy’s fire. 空地里的士兵暴露于敌人的火力之下。‎ ‎ The crime of the corrupt officials must be exposed without any reserve. 对贪官污吏的罪行一定要毫无保留地予以揭发。 ‎ 高手过招 ‎ 用expose的适当形式填空（原创）‎ ‎①In summer, the sun can be very harmful to your skin.‎ ‎②The soil was washed away by the flood, bare rock. ‎ 答案: ① being exposed to ② exposing ‎ ‎5. cure vt.&n. 治愈，治疗；常用于“cure sb. of ...”结构中。‎ The doctor cured her of a bad cold.医生治好了她的重感冒。‎ It is possible to cure the sickness.治愈这种疾病是可能的。‎ 易混辨析 cure/treat/heal/recover cure意为“治疗；治愈”，多用于指药物治疗并治愈某种疾病或改正不良习气。‎ treat为日常用语，意为“治疗；医治”，指治疗病人的全过程或活动。‎ heal意为“治愈（伤口）；医治”，指治好外伤或烧伤后的部位，使伤口愈合，不用于指治疗感冒等疾病。‎ recover意为“痊愈,复原”，主要是指从病中痊愈了，常与from连用。‎ That pill cured my headache.那种药片治好了我的头疼。‎ That will cure him of his bad habits.那将改正他的坏习惯。‎ There are only two doctors to treat more than 50 patients.‎ 只有两名医生来治疗50多个病人。‎ The wound on my arm has healed.我胳膊上的伤已痊愈了。‎ He’s now fully recovered from his bad cold.‎ 他现在已完全从重感冒中康复了。‎ 高手过招 ‎ 完成句子 （原创）‎ ‎①盘尼西林治好了他的肺炎。‎ Penicillin his pneumonia.‎ ‎②事故后卡车司机的擦伤得到了治疗。‎ After the accident, the lorry driver for cuts and bruises.‎ ‎③他手指上的伤口很快愈合了。‎ The cut on his finger quickly.‎ ‎ 答案：①cured him of ②was treated ③healed ‎6. absorb vt. 吸收；吸引；吸收（液体，气体，光，声等）；汲取，理解（知识等）；使全神贯注；吸引（注意等），后常接介词in/by；合并（公司等）；吞并；常接介词into；承受；经受。‎ 联想拓展 absorbed adj. 精神集中的 absorbing adj. 十分吸引人的 absorb from sth. 从……中吸收 be absorbed in 专心于，全神贯注于 Cotton gloves absorb sweat. 棉手套吸汗。 ‎ So many good ideas! It’s too much for me to absorb all at once. 这么多好主意！我很难一下子完全吸收。‎ The old man was completely absorbed in the book.‎ ‎ 老人全神贯注地读这本书。‎ The surrounding small towns have been absorbed into the city. 四周的小城镇已并入到这座城市中。 ‎ 高手过招 ‎ 完成句子 （原创）‎ ‎①那个人因为看报纸太入神而撞到了墙上。 ，the man walked into a wall.‎ ‎②他们聚精会神地看着电视里的表演，舍不得离开。‎ They were the show on television that they found it hard to pull away.‎ 答案：①Deeply absorbed in the newspaper ‎②so deeply absorbed in watching ‎ ‎7. blame ‎ vt.责备；谴责；归咎于 n.责怪；(过失、过错等)责任 常用结构：‎ blame sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而指责某人 blame sth. on sb. 因某事而指责某人 sb. be to blame for(doing) sth. 因(做)某事某人应受到谴责 The student blamed the teacher for his failure. ‎ 学生因失败而责怪老师。‎ The careless driver is to blame for the traffic accident happening yesterday.‎ 那个粗心的司机该为昨天发生的交通事故负责。‎ Who is to blame for the failure?‎ 谁该为这次的失败负责?‎ 温馨提示 be to blame 应负责(无被动形式)‎ 高手过招 ‎ ‎(1)单项填空 We all feel it is Jack as well as his wife that for their son’s bad performance at school.‎ ‎（2010·01·陕西西安检测）‎ A. are to blame B. is to be blamed C. are to be blamed D. is to blame ‎（2）翻译句子 ‎①看来霍乱的流行要归罪于饮用水了。 （原创）‎ ‎ ‎ ‎②这件事谁也不能怨。‎ ‎③他指责你玩忽职守。‎ ‎


‎ 解析： （1）选D。句意为：我们觉得对于孩子在学校里的不好表现，除了杰克的妻子外，杰克也有责任。be to blame是习惯表达方式，要用主动形式表示被动含义。且主语为Jack，故选D项。‎ ‎(2) ①It seemed that the water was to blame for cholera. ②Nobody is to blame for it. ③He blames you for neglect of duty.‎ ‎8. link ‎ vt. 连接；联系 n. 环；连接；联系；纽带 常用结构：‎ link ...to/with 将……和……连接/联系起来 link up 连接起来 The highway links Shanghai to/with Beijing. ‎ 这条公路连接着上海和北京。‎ Your story links up with his.‎ 你所说的和他所说的能联系起来。‎ A lot of links fitted together form a chain. ‎ 许多链环连在一起组成链条。‎ Old friends are a link with the past. ‎ 老朋友是连接往事的纽带。‎ 易混辨析 join/connect/combine/unite ‎ join指的是任何事物的直接连接，连接的程度可紧可松，含有“还能分开”之意。常用结构join ...to, join up。‎ ‎ connect指的是通过某种媒介物把事物连接起来，事物的特征还保持着，常表示与技术有关的连接以及火车、飞机等实行联运。常用结构connect ...with/to。‎ ‎ combine着重指两个或两个以上的人或事物为了共同的目的而结合在一起，结合后原来的部分可能仍不改变，但也可能失去其本性，常用结构combine ...with。‎ ‎ unite强调紧密地结合成一体，含极难分开之意,常用结构unite ...with。‎ Please join this pole to that one.‎ 请把这根竿子和那根竿子接起来。‎ This flight connects with New York one.‎ 这班飞机在纽约可接上另一趟航班。‎ We should combine theory with practice.‎ 我们应该理论联系实际。‎ 高手过招 翻译句子 （原创）‎ ‎①这两个城镇由一条铁路连接起来。‎ ‎②这些事件之间都有一些微妙的(subtly)联系。‎ 答案： ①The two towns are linked by a railway.‎ ‎②These events are all subtly linked together.‎ ‎

‎ 重点短语 ‎9. put forward 提出(意见、建议)；推荐；提名；将表拨快 He put forward a better plan.‎ 他提出了一个更好的计划。‎ Can I put you/your name forward for golf club secretary?‎ 我推荐你（提名让你）担任高尔夫球俱乐部的秘书好吗？‎ He puts forward several interesting plans.‎ 他提出了几项令人感兴趣的计划。‎ It’s an explanation often put forward by our friend.‎ 这是我们的朋友经常做出的解释。‎ 联想拓展 put in 打断；插嘴；进港 put off 推迟；延期 put on 穿；上演 put away 放好 put down 写下 put on weight 发福；长胖 put out 生产；扑灭 put up 举起；张贴 put back 放回，送回 高手过招 ‎（1）单项填空 At the meeting, he his plan. （原创）‎ A. looked forward to B. put forward C. took forward D. came forward ‎（2）完成句子 （原创）‎ 她正为选举制度改革提出一些建议。‎ She is some proposals for electoral reform.‎ 解析:(1) 选B。句意为:在会议上,他提出了他的计划。put forward提出。‎ ‎(2)putting forward ‎10. look into 调查；了解；研究；朝……里面看 联想拓展 look around/round/about 环顾四周 look after ‎ 照顾；照料 look back 回头看 look back to/upon/on 回顾；回想 look down upon 俯视；轻视 look for 寻求；寻找 look forward to 盼望 look on 旁观 look on/upon...as 把……看作 look out 往外看；注意；当心 look through 透过……看；浏览 look up 抬头看；查阅 温馨提示 look into与one’s face/eyes等连用，表示“注视”。‎ He looks into her face with great interest.‎ 他饶有兴趣地注视着她的脸。‎ Let’s look into the problem together and figure out a way to solve it.让我们一起来研究这个问题，想出解决的办法。‎ 高手过招 单项填空 ‎①In other words I should not watch TV, or your shoulder at other people while we are talking together.（2010·01·江西上高检测）‎ ‎ A. look out B. look into ‎ C. look at D. look over ‎②There was a fire in the hotel. The is now being looked .（2010·01·山西太原五中检测）‎ ‎ A. reason; through B. reason; into ‎ C. cause; through D. cause; into 解析: ①选D。考查短语辨析。look out向外看；look into 调查；look at看；look over从……上看过去。‎ ‎②选D。cause的意思是“起因”；look into的意思是“调查”。‎ ‎11. apart from 除……之外；脱离开；此外 Apart from a few faults，he is a trustworthy teacher.‎ 除了少数的几个缺点外，他是个值得信赖的老师。‎ Apart from being too large, the trousers don’t suit me.‎ 除了太长，这条裤子的款式也不适合我。‎ There can be no knowledge apart from practice.‎ 没有知识能脱离实践。‎ 易混辨析 apart from/except for/except/besides/but for/in addition to/except that ‎ apart from表示“除……外（别无）”时相当于besides和except for,但apart from还有“除……以外（还）”之意。另外，apart from, except for都可用于句首，但except不能。‎ ‎ except“除……”（不包括其后的宾语），besides“除了……还”（包括其后的宾语）。另外，besides还可以作副词,表示“并且，而且”。‎ ‎ but for表示“如果不是由于……”之意（=If it were not for...或If it had not been for...）。‎ ‎ in addition to 相当于besides，表示“除……之外，还有”（包括除去内容在内）。‎ except that后面跟句子，用来表示理由或细节。‎ 高手过招 ‎（1）单项填空 ‎ English, the speaker also has a good command of Russian and French. （2010·01·河北石家庄检测）‎ A. Except B. Except for C. Beside D. Apart from ‎ ‎（2）用apart from/except for/except/except that/besides填空 （原创）‎ ‎①We go there every day Monday.‎ ‎②He is a good man his bad temper.‎ ‎③Your article is good there are some spelling mistakes.‎ ‎④ the cost, it will take a lot of time.‎ ‎⑤ that, everything goes well.‎ ‎(1)解析:选D。 apart from相当于besides，意思是“除……外，还有……”。except表示“除……，不包括在内”，从后面的also看，应用besides或apart from。‎ ‎(2)①except ②except for/apart from ‎③except that ④Apart from/Besides ‎⑤Apart from/Except for ‎12. make sense 讲得通；有道理；有意义(反义词组make no sense)‎ Your story doesn’t make sense to me.‎ 你编的故事我听不明白。‎ It makes good sense to take good care of your health.‎ 照顾好你的身体是明智的。‎ 联想拓展 lose/recover one’s sense=be out of one’s sense ‎ 失去/恢复知觉;丧失/恢复理智 bring sb. to one’s sense 使某人苏醒过来 come to one’s sense 苏醒过来 make sense of 理解；明白 make no sense 没有道理；没有意义 in a/one sense 从某种意义来说 in all sense 从任何意义上说 in no sense 绝不是；绝非 There is no sense in doing sth.做某事没有道理。‎ 高手过招 单项填空 ‎①What he says makes no to her.‎ ‎（2010·01·山东济南模块检测）‎ A. Care B. sense C. Interest D. meaning ‎②The poem is hard to understand. Can you make of this poem? （2010·01·辽宁大连检测）‎ A. Idea B. knowledge C. Sense D. Understanding 解析: ①选B。make sense为固定搭配，意思是“起作用，有意义”。‎ ‎②选C。make sense of sth.“理解或弄懂困难的或无法理解的事物”。另外，sense还可作动词，意为“意识到(某事物)；感觉到”。‎ 重点句型 ‎13. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an ‎ outbreak.‎ 每次暴发（霍乱）时，都有大批惊恐的老百姓死去。‎ 本句是一个复合句，every time引导的是一个时间状语从句，意思是“每当……”，相当于“when”。另外，此状语从句中还有一个“there be”结构。So many thousands of terrified people died是主句。‎ 联想拓展 类似的时间状语归纳：‎ each time每次；每当 ‎ at the time在那个时候；（当……）的时候 ‎ any/next/the first/the last time意为“任何/下一次/第一次/最后一次”。‎ the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly等都可以引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”。‎ She went to see him directly she got the letter.‎ 她一收到信就去看他了。‎ Immediately the meal was over, he switched on the radio.‎ 一吃完饭他就把收音机打开了。‎ She came to the scene the moment she heard of the accident.她一听说发生了事故，就立刻赶到了现场。‎ The last time we talked he said he needed another two days.上次我们谈话时他说他还需要两天。‎ 高手过招 ‎（1）单项填空 She said to me, “I’ll tell you the result of test I know it.” （2010·01·陕西师大附中检测）‎ A. Because B. the moment C. After D. though ‎ ‎（2）同义句转换 （原创）‎ I gave Mary the money when I saw her.‎ I gave Mary the money I saw her.‎ 解析： （1）选B。the moment意为“一……就……”，相当于as soon as。类似用法的连词还有: the minute/instant; instantly/immediately/directly等。‎ ‎(2)the minute/the moment ‎14. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it ...‎ 他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转……‎ 此句中“with+宾语+宾语补足语(v.ing/v.ed/to do/adj./adv./prep. phrases)”构成的复合结构在句中常用作状语，表示方式，原因或条件等。‎ With the old man leading the way, we started towards the forest.在这位老人的带领下，我们开始向森林进发。‎ She ran and ran with beads of sweat running down her face.‎ 她不停地奔跑，汗珠顺着脸颊流下来。‎ 高手过招 翻译句子 ‎①老师微笑着走进教室，身后跟着一群小朋友。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎②随着考试的结束，我们的假期开始了。‎ 答案：①With a group of children following, the teacher came into the classroom with smile.‎ ‎②With the test finished, we began our holiday.‎ ‎ ‎ Period Two　Learning about Language Grammar：The Past Participle (1) as the Attribute and Predicative 过去分词作表语和定语 ‎1．过去分词作定语 ‎(1)单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前，有时也放在被修饰的名词之后。‎ My friend is a returned student.‎ 我的朋友是个归国的留学生。‎ The excited people rushed into the hall.‎ 激动的人们冲进大厅。‎ There is no time left.没有多少时间了。‎ ‎(2)过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面，作后置定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句。‎ The student dressed in white is my daughter.‎ ‎＝The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.‎ 穿白色衣服的学生是我的女儿。‎ Is there anything planned for tonight?‎ ‎＝Is there anything that has been planned for tonight?‎ 今晚安排了什么活动没有？‎ The book，written in 1957，tells the struggle of the miners.‎ ‎＝The book，which was written in 1957，tells the struggle of the ‎ miners.‎ 这本书是1957年写的，讲的是关于矿工斗争的故事。‎ 过去分词作定语与所修饰词之间存在两种意义关系：一是及物动词表被动意义(或已完成的被动动作)；二是不及物动词表示完成意义。‎ an organized trip有组织的旅行(被动)‎ The question discussed was very important.‎ 被讨论的问题非常重要。(即表被动又表完成)‎ boiled water开水(完成)‎ fallen leaves落叶(完成)‎ ‎2．过去分词作表语 过去分词作表语，表示主语所处的状态(用作表语的过去分词大多已形容词化)。这种结构从形式上看与被动语态相同，但后者表示主语所承受的动作。‎ He is very tired after a long walk.‎ 走了很长的路，他感到很累。(系表结构)‎ This window is broken.这个窗户破了。(系表结构)‎ This window was broken by the naughty boy there.‎ 这个窗户是被那边那个顽皮的男孩打破的。(被动语态)‎ ‎3．现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别：‎ 现在分词作定语表示主动意义，过去分词作定语一般表示被动含义。‎ 现在分词作定语表示动作正在进行，过去分词作定语表示状态或动作已完成。‎ The child standing over there is my brother.‎ 站在那儿的男孩是我弟弟。‎ The room facing south is our classroom.‎ 朝南的房间是我们的教室。‎ He is an advanced teacher.他是位高级教师。‎ ‎4．现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别：‎ v．ing形式表示“令人……的”，多用来修饰物；v.ed形式表示“某人感到……的”，多用来修饰人。‎ The book is very interesting.这本书很有趣。‎ He is very interested in the book.‎ 他对这本书很感兴趣。‎ This is a moving story.这是一个感人的故事。‎ We were deeply moved by the story.‎ 我们被这个故事深深地打动了。‎ The news is very exciting.这消息太激动人心了。‎ I was excited at the news.‎ 听到这个消息我很激动。‎ 注意：(1)v.ing形式也可以修饰人，v.ed形式也可以修饰物，要根据句意选择适当的形式。‎ the worried expression忧虑的表情 the disappointing boy令人失望的孩子 ‎(2)英语中一些表示心理变化的动词，其中v.ing和v.ed形式通常起形容词作用，在句中作定语或表语，常用的这类词有：‎ Ⅰ.单项填空 ‎1．—Can those________at the back of the classroom hear me?‎ ‎—No problem.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ A．seat B．sit C．seated D．sat 答案　C 解析　“________at the back of the classroom”为分词短语作定语。sit为不及物动词，可用sitting...作定语；seat为及物动词，常与反身代词连用或用be seated形式。这里seat 与those构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用其过去分词作定语。‎ ‎2．We finished the run in less than half the time ________.‎ A．allowing B．to allow C．allowed D．allows 答案　C 解析　句意为：我们用了不到被允许的时间的一半就跑完了。time后缺少定语，“时间”与“允许”之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词形式。‎ ‎3．Please remain ________；the winner of the prize will be announced soon.‎ A．seating B．seated C．to seat D．to be seated 答案　B 解析　句意为：请在座位上坐着；很快就会宣布获奖者。seat是及物动词，remain/be seated保持坐着的状态，坐着。‎ ‎4．The trees ________ in the storm have been moved off the road.‎ A．being blown down B．blown down C．blowing down D．to blow down 答案　B 解析　句意为：在暴风雨中被吹倒的树已经被从道路上移走了。“树木”的后面缺少定语，因为blow down与trees之间是动宾关系，且是已经完成的动作，故用过去分词短语blown down。‎ ‎5．It is one of the funniest things________on the Internet so far this year.‎ A．finding B．being found C．to find D．found 答案　D 解析　found此处为过去分词作后置定语，用来修饰things，与things构成被动关系。句意为：这是今年到目前为止在因特网上发现的最滑稽的事情之一。‎ ‎6．The Town Hall________in the 1880’s was the most distinguished building at that time.‎ A．to be completed B．having been completed C completed D．being completed 答案　C 解析　completed in the 1880’s为过去分词短语作定语修饰the Town Hall，二者之间为被动关系；D项表示动作正在发生，不合题意；B项不能作限制性的定语。‎ ‎7．At the beginning of class，the noise of desks________could be heard outside the classroom.‎ A．opened and closed B．to be opened and closed C．being opened and closed D．to open and close 答案　C 解析　本题考查非谓语动词作定语。过去分词作定语表完成、被动；不定式作定语表将来；现在分词作定语表示正在进行。句意为：开始上课时，在教室外面就能听到开关课桌的声音。此处表示开关课桌的动作正在进行，因此用现在分词作定语。‎ ‎8．The________dishes lay on the floor.‎ A．breaking B．broken C．broke D．break 答案　B 解析　本题考查非谓语动词作定语。句意为：那些打碎了的盘子在地上。‎ ‎9．It was such a________job that I really felt________.‎ A．tiring；tiring B．tired；tired C．tiring；tired D．tired；tiring 答案　C 解析　tiring使人疲劳的，令人厌倦的；tired疲劳的，累的。‎ ‎10．There’s a big dog________to a fence outside the house.‎ A．tying B．tied C．to tie D．ties 答案　B 解析　本题考查分词作定语，tie“拴，系”和修饰的词dog之间有被动关系，故选tied。句意为：有一条狗拴在房子外面的篱笆上。‎ ‎11．His ability________in those years was praised by all of us.‎ A．showing B．be showing C．shown D．was shown 答案　C 解析　句意为：这几年他表现出来的能力让所有的人赞叹。因为show和his ability之间是动宾关系，故用shown。‎ ‎12．He seemed quite________at the idea.‎ A．pleasing B．pleased C．please D．pleasant 答案　B 解析　pleased感到高兴的；pleasing令人高兴的；pleasant令人愉快的，舒适的，合意的，故选B项。‎ ‎13．The boy________by the police has no parents.‎ A．questioned B．has been questioned C．having been questioned D．questioning 答案　A 解析　句意为：被警察盘问的那个孩子没有父母。question与the boy是动宾关系，故选A项。‎ ‎14．From the date________on the gold coin，we decided it was made 600 years ago.‎ A．marking B．marked C．to be marked D．being marked 答案　B 解析　句意为：从金币上所标的日期看，我们断定它是600年前制造的。the date和mark之间是动宾关系，故选B项。‎ ‎15．The girl________down by a car was dying.‎ A．knock B．knocking C．knocked D．to knock 答案　C 解析　句意为：被车撞的那个女孩快要死了。the girl和knock之间动宾关系，故选C项。‎ ‎16．The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain________as the plane was making a landing.‎ A．seat B．seating C．seated D．to be seating 答案　C 解析　remain seated保持坐着的状态，坐着，seated作表语。‎ ‎17．This is the problem________so quickly last evening.‎ A．having been settled B．settle C．be settled D．settled 答案　D 解析　句意为：这是昨晚很快就解决了的那个问题。settle与problem之间是动宾关系，且动作已经完成，故选D项。‎ ‎18．I don’t know the girl________in the snowstorm.‎ A．to catch B．caught C catching D．to be catching 答案　B 解析　be caught in遭遇到，遇到。‎ ‎19．Facing the________situation，the sales manager looked________.‎ A．puzzling；puzzled B．puzzling；puzzling C．puzzled；puzzled D．puzzled；puzzling 答案　A 解析　puzzling令人迷惑不解的，莫名其妙的，puzzled感到迷惑的，困惑的。‎ ‎20．The door remained________.‎ A．lock B．to lock C．locking D．locked 答案　D 解析　remain locked保持锁着的状态，仍然锁着。‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．This exposed(曝光了的)film is useless.‎ ‎2．Many old people died from the polluted(污染的)air.‎ ‎3．The drunken(喝醉酒的)drivers are likely to cause accidents.‎ ‎4．This book written_by_Lu_Xun(鲁迅写的)is very good.‎ ‎5．My spoken_English(英语口语)is very bad.‎ ‎6．He looked very_excited(很激动)．‎ ‎7．The problem discussed_at_the_meeting yesterday(在昨天会议上讨论过的)was very difficult to solve.‎ ‎8．He became very_surprised(非常地惊讶)when he heard the news.‎ ‎9．The boy was very frightened(害怕)when his father got angry.‎ ‎10．Are you very disappointed(失望的)at losing the game?‎ Ⅲ.阅读理解 A Snow can be very beautiful.When snow covers everything around you，the world looks like a “Winter Wonderland”．That is the name of a very popular song about winter.Richard Smith and Felix Bernard wrote the song in 1934.‎ But winter is not always such a beautiful and happy time.It is cold outside.The wind blows and makes it even colder.The days are shorter and darker.The sun rarely shines.The leaves on the trees are brown or have fallen to the ground.The flowers are mostly gone.It is not surprising that some people are sad in winter.And some people dream about being somewhere else where it is warm and pretty—like the state of California.The Mamas and the Papas recorded their famous song，“California Dreaming” in 1965.‎ During the 1960s，many other famous rock groups sang songs about winter.There was a song sung by Simon and Garfunkel called “A Hazy Shade of Winter”．They sang about life and hope.‎ In 1968，the group Blood，Sweat and Tears recorded this gentle，sad song about winter.They sang about the lost love and forgotten memories in “Sometimes in Winter”．‎ Gordon Lightfoot wrote and recorded another sad and lovely song about winter in 1975.Sarah McLachlan recorded “Song for a Winter’s Night” for an album in 2006.She sang about reading a love letter and wishing the writer were with her.‎ Finally，on a lovely note，we leave you this sad song by Wayne.‎ ‎1．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A．“Winter Wonderland” is a song written by two brothers.‎ B．Most people feel very sad in winter.‎ C．“California Dreaming” is the most famous song about winter.‎ D．Winter is not always a happy time.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据“But winter is not always such a beautiful and happy time.”可知冬天的时光并不总是快乐的。‎ ‎2．What does the underlined word “rarely” in the second paragraph mean?‎ A．Often. B．Never.‎ C．Hardly. D．Sometimes.‎ 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。根据“It is cold outside.The wind blows and makes it even colder.The days are shorter and darker.”的语境可知，冬天很少见到阳光，故选C项。‎ ‎3．What do we learn about the song “Sometimes in Winter” from the passage?‎ A．It was written for Sarah McLachlan.‎ B．Gordon Lightfoot made some changes to it.‎ C．It is a gentle and sad song about winter.‎ D．It first came out in the 1970s.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段的“In 1968，the group Blood，Sweat and Tears recorded this gentle，sad song about winter.”可知C项正确。‎ ‎4．What can we infer from the passage?‎ A．It is usually warm in California in winter.‎ B．“Song for a Winter’s Night” is a very happy song.‎ C．Blood，Sweat and Tears are the names of three singers.‎ D．Simon and Garfunkel often felt sad.‎ 答案　A 解析　理解推断题。根据第二段的“And some people dream about being somewhere else where it is warm and pretty—like the state of California.”可知很多人梦想着冬天可以去温暖和美丽的加州，由此可推断加州的冬天很温暖。‎ ‎5．Where is this passage most probably taken from?‎ A．Newspaper. B．TV news.‎ C．Radio program. D．Magazine.‎ 答案　C 解析　理解推断题。根据文章最后一句“Finally，on a lovely note，we leave you this sad song by Wayne.”可知文章最有可能来自一个电台节目。‎ B Jenny，‎ I often think if I am as important to you as you are to me.‎ We had an unhappy time yesterday.I really felt sad after it and almost apologized(道歉)to you.However，you could still laugh and talk with others like nothing had happened.I suddenly realized that I was not important to you.You didn’t even realize that I was angry and sad.What’s more，you even forgot my birthday this year.‎ Goodbye，my friend.I have closed my feelings toward you.It is sad to say goodbye，my friend.But it is meaningless(无意义的)for us to be friends any longer.‎ Lucy Dear Lucy，‎ I’m sorry that I hurt you so much yesterday.But here is something I really need to tell you.I never thought the quarrel we had yesterday was as serious as you thought.I just felt tired and didn’t feel like going shopping.Susan and Lily are also my good friends.I couldn’t pretend(假装)not to see them when they passed by.I also couldn’t let them know I was blue because of the quarrel.I didn’t want them to feel sad just because I was sad.I’m your best friend，but I don’t want to be your only friend.I don’t want to be with you all the time because sometimes I need to have my own time.I want to spend some time with my other friends and my brother.Please try to make more friends.You will feel much happier if you have more friends.And remember，I’m your best friend forever!‎ Jenny ‎6．What’s the purpose of Lucy’s letter?‎ A．To tell Jenny that she is really sorry for what happened yesterday.‎ B．To tell Jenny she doesn’t want to be friends with her any longer.‎ C．To ask Jenny not to be friends with Susan or Lily.‎ D．To ask Jenny if she means as much to her as she means to her.‎ 答案　B 解析　作者意图题。根据Lucy的信的最后一段，可知她写这封信的目的是想告诉Jenny她以后再也不想跟她继续做朋友了。‎ ‎7．What’s the cause of the quarrel yesterday?‎ A．Jenny laughed and talked with others.‎ B．Jenny didn’t notice that Lucy was sad.‎ C．Jenny didn’t want to go shopping.‎ D．Jenny didn’t remember Lucy’s birthday.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据Jenny信中提到的“I just felt tired and didn’t feel like going shopping.”‎ 可推断她们吵架的原因是Jenny不想去购物。‎ ‎8．In the letter，Jenny suggests Lucy should________.‎ A．make more friends B．leave her alone C．make friends with Susan and Lily D．spend more time with her family 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据Jenny信中的“Please try to make more friends.”可知她建议Lucy多交些朋友，而不是只有她一个朋友。‎ ‎9．According to the passage，if we say someone is blue，we mean he/she is________.‎ A．angry B．sad C．kind D．happy 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据“I didn’t want them to feel sad just because I was sad .”可知be blue在这里是指“伤心的、不愉快的”。‎ ‎10．After reading Jenny’s letter，we learn that________.‎ A．Jenny and Lucy are both students B．Lucy doesn’t know how to keep a healthy friendship C．a friend in need is a friend indeed D．Lucy is Jenny’s only friend 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据Jenny的信，我们可知Lucy仅仅因为Jenny不想陪她去购物就很伤心，还跟她吵架，后来看到Jenny跟别的朋友聊天，她就很气愤，最后又写信说要跟Jenny断交，由此可推断Lucy不知道怎样维持健康的朋友关系。‎