2019届一轮复习译林版必修二Unit3Amazingpeople单元学案设计（54版页word）

2019届一轮复习译林版必修二Unit3Amazingpeople单元学案设计（54版页word）

‎2019届一轮复习译林版必修二Unit 3 Amazing people单元学案设计 一、刷黑板—— Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎[第一屏听写]‎ ‎1．Egyptian adj.　　　　　　　 埃及的，埃及人的 ‎2．swallow vt. & vi. 吞下，吞咽 ‎3．virus n. 病毒 ‎4．riddle n. 谜 ‎5．widespread adj. 广泛的，普遍的 ‎6．sex n. 性别 ‎[第二屏听写]‎ ‎7．female n. & adj.　　　　　 女性(的)‎ ‎8．data n．(pl.) 数据；资料 ‎9．orbit n. 轨道 vt. 沿轨道运行，围绕……运动 ‎10．astronaut n. 宇航员 ‎11．rocket n. 火箭 ‎12．status n. 地位，身份 ‎[第三屏听写]‎ ‎13．superior n．　 　 　　　　 上级，上司 adj. 更好的，更高的 ‎14．*curse n. 诅咒；咒语 vt. & vi. 诅咒；咒骂 ‎15．*jewel n. 宝石；珠宝首饰 ‎16．*lord n. 勋爵；贵族；大臣；封建领主 ‎17．*iceberg n. 冰山 ‎18．*PhD abbr. (哲学)博士学位　‎ Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎[第四屏听写]‎ ‎1．explorer n．　　　　　　　 探险家；勘探者 ‎2．curious adj. 好奇的，求知欲强的 ‎3．tomb n. 坟墓 ‎4．fortune n. 大笔的钱，财富；运气 ‎5．preserve vt. 保存，保护，保持 ‎6．valley n. 山谷，峡谷 ‎7．entrance n. 入口 ‎8．content n. 内容 ‎[第五屏听写]‎ ‎9．death n．　　　　　　　　 死亡 ‎10．shortly adv. 不久，很快 ‎11．within prep. 在……之内，不超过 ‎12．coincidence n. 巧合；碰巧 ‎13．connection n. 联系 ‎14．punishment n. 惩罚 ‎15．scientific adj. 科学的 ‎16．disturb vt. 打扰，扰乱 ‎[第六屏听写]‎ ‎17．breathe vi. & vt.　　　　 呼吸 ‎18．clothing n. 衣物 ‎19．labour n. & vi. 劳动，努力工作 ‎20．whichever_pro n. 无论哪个；无论哪些 ‎21．airplane n. 飞机 ‎22．signal n. 信号 vi. & vt. 发信号；表明 ‎23．captain n. 船长，飞机机长；队长；海军上校，陆军、空 ‎ 军上尉 ‎[第七屏听写]‎ ‎24．warning n．　　　　　　　 警告 ‎25．requirement n. 要求，规定 ‎26．inspire vt. 启迪，赋予灵感；激励，鼓舞 ‎27．nationality n. 国籍 ‎28．native adj. 本地的；本国的 ‎29．outgoing adj. 爱交际的；友好的；外向的 ‎30．companion n. 伴侣；陪伴 ‎31．rare adj. 稀有的，罕见的 ‎[第八屏听写]‎ ‎32．discourage vt.　　　　　　 使灰心；劝阻 ‎33．devotion n. 奉献；忠诚；专心 ‎34．murder vt. & n. 谋杀 ‎35．various adj. 各种各样的 ‎36．organization n. 组织；机构 ‎37．voyage n. 航行；航海，航天 ‎38．northeast n. 东北 ‎39．desire n. 愿望，欲望，渴望 vt. 期望，渴望 ‎[第九屏听写]‎ ‎40．apply vi.　　　　　　　　 申请 ‎ vt. 使用，应用 ‎41．candidate n. 候选人；申请人 ‎42．survival n. 幸存，存活 ‎43．quality n. 品质；质量 ‎44．optimistic adj. 乐观的，抱乐观看法的 ‎45．indeed adv. 的确，确实 ‎[第十屏听写]‎ ‎46．come_across　　　　　　　 (偶然)遇见；发现 ‎47．result_in 导致，结果是……‎ ‎48．be_in_control_(of_something) 掌管，控制(某物) ‎ ‎49．look_up_to 敬佩 ‎50．set_sail 启航 二、刷清单—— ‎(一)核心单词 阅读单词 ‎1.Egyptian adj. 埃及的，埃及人的 ‎2．swallow vt.&vi. 吞下，吞咽 ‎3．virus n. 病毒 ‎4．riddle n. 谜 ‎5．widespread adj. 广泛的，普遍的 ‎6．sex n. 性别 ‎7.female n．&adj.　　 女性(的)‎ ‎8．data n．(pl.) 数据；资料 ‎9．orbit n. 轨道 vt. 沿轨道运行；‎ 围绕……运动 ‎10．astronaut n. 宇航员 ‎11.rocket n. 　　_火箭 ‎12．status n. 地位，身份 ‎13．superior n. 上级，上司 adj. 更好的，更高的 ‎14．curse n. 诅咒；咒语 vt. & vi. 诅咒；咒骂 ‎15．jewel n. 宝石；珠宝首饰 表 达 单 词 ‎1.preserve vt.　保存，保护，保持 ‎2．entrance n. 入口 ‎3．content n. 内容 ‎4．shortly adv. 不久，很快 ‎5．within prep. 在……之内，不超过 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．Wherever he is, he makes it a rule to take part in physical labour (劳动)．‎ ‎2．Those two books were my companions (陪伴) by day, and under my pillow at night.‎ ‎6．coincidence n. 巧合；碰巧 ‎7．connection n. 联系 ‎8．punishment n. 惩罚 ‎9．disturb vt. 打扰，扰乱 ‎10．labour n．&vi. 劳动，努力工作 ‎11．whichever pron. 无论哪个；无论哪些 ‎12．signal n. 信号 ‎ vi. & vt. 发信号；表明 ‎13．warning n. 警告 ‎14．native adj. 本地的；本国的 ‎15．rare adj. 稀有的，罕见的 ‎16．desire n. 愿望，欲望，渴望 vt. 期望，渴望 ‎17．candidate n. 候选人；申请人 ‎18．survival n. 幸存，存活 ‎(2017·6月浙江高考阅读)‎ ‎3．The secretary finally decided to disturb (打扰) the president because of emergencies, though unwillingly.‎ ‎4．If you tear off the rhetorical topdressing (华丽辞藻) from his article, you will find there is very little solid content (内容)．‎ ‎5．All of us have the desire (渴望) to visit the three main temples in Athens, especially the one that contains a gold and ivory statue of Athena.‎ ‎6．Please give it a careful checkup and make sure the package is well preserved (保存) and the machine operates well.‎ ‎7．The lighthouse flashes signal (信号) twice a minute.‎ ‎8．Please send us all the information that you have about the candidates (候选人) for the position.‎ ‎9．Hard financial situation makes it even more difficult for ‎ native (本地的) citizens to find jobs.‎ ‎10．Then he advised me to make full preparations for the coming entrance (入学) examination.‎ 拓 展 单 词 ‎1.curious adj.好奇的，求知欲强的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n．好奇(心)‎ ‎2．fortune n．大笔的钱，财富；运气→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunately adv.不幸地 ‎3．scientific adj.科学的→science n．科学→scientist n．科学家 ‎4．breathe vi. & vt.呼吸→breath n．呼吸 ‎5．requirement n．要求，规定→require v．要求 ‎6．inspire vt.启迪，赋予灵感；激励，鼓舞→inspired adj.受到启发的→inspiring adj.令人振奋的→inspiration n．灵感；激励 ‎7．discourage vt ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．When asked where her inspiration of the novel came from, she said her father's inspiring words inspired her to write it.(inspire)‎ ‎2．There are various goods in the supermarket, and the prices vary from cents to dollars. The variety attracts many customers.(various)‎ ‎3．Children are always curious about everything they see and hear. They will ask all kinds of questions curiously. To meet their curiosity,_we'd better answer them.(curious)‎ ‎4．I want to be a scientist to discover a scientific breakthrough to save people's lives in medical science.(science)‎ ‎5．This is strictly required,_so if ‎.使灰心；劝阻→courage n．勇气→encourage v．鼓励→encouragement n．鼓励 ‎8．devotion n．奉献；忠诚；专心→devote vt.献出，付出；专心于→devoted adj.挚爱的；忠诚的 ‎9．organization n．组织；机构→organize v．组织→organizer n．组织者 ‎10．explorer n．探险家；勘探者→explore vt.探测；勘探→exploration n．探测 ‎11．various adj.各种各样的→variety n．种种；多样化→vary v．变化 ‎12．apply vi.申请 vt.使用，应用→application n．申请→applicant n．申请人 ‎ you don't match this requirement,_please do not send your resume.(require)‎ ‎6．The old teacher devoted all his life to educating his devoted students and he was admired for his devotion to his education cause.(devotion)‎ ‎7．All the applicants can apply in person or by letter and at the same time should hand in their applications before May 6th.(apply)‎ ‎8．The failure in the English contest discouraged my brother.What's worse, he felt discouraged in other subjects.In order to help him regain his courage and get relaxed, my parents and I all encouraged him to take a trip.(discourage)‎ ‎(二)常用短语 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.come_across　(偶然)遇见；发现 ‎2．result_in 导致，结果 ‎1.The citizens of the city all look_up_to the policeman who shows courage and devotion to duty.‎ 是……‎ ‎3．be_in_control_of_(sth.) 掌管，控制(某物) ‎ ‎4．look_up_to 敬佩 ‎5．be_curious_about 对……感到好奇 ‎6．set_sail 启航 ‎7．be_known_as 作为……而出名 ‎8．as_well_as 也，以及 ‎9．in_connection_with 关于，与……有关 ‎10．pay_off 成功；带来好结果 ‎11．get_in_touch_with 与……取得联系 ‎12．come_into_use 使用 ‎2．During your tour, you'll come_across rivers, mountain ranges, spectacular waterfalls, wildlife and long wild beaches.‎ ‎3．They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted_in this increase in carbon dioxide.‎ ‎4．People have always been_curious_about exactly how life on earth began.‎ ‎5．The Red Cross provides relief to victims of disasters, as_well_as helps people prevent, prepare for and respond to all sorts of emergencies.‎ ‎6．To make it easier to get_in_touch_with us, you'd better keep this card at hand.(2016·北京高考单选)‎ ‎(三)经典句式 原句背诵 句式解构 佳句仿写 ‎1.By the 1920s, he had become an explorer, searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings. ‎ ‎“by＋时间”作状语。‎ 到现在为止，我已邀请了包括你在内的五位外国朋友参加郊游。(2017·6月浙江高考满分作文) ‎ By now, five of my foreign ‎ 到了20世纪20年代，他已经成为一名探险家，致力于寻找古埃及国王的陵墓。‎ friends, including you, have_been_invited_to the outing.‎ ‎2.If breathed in, they can result in illness or even death.‎ 如果这些病毒被人体吸入，它们就可能导致疾病甚至死亡。‎ ‎“连词＋过去分词”是状语从句的省略。‎ 如果对它感兴趣，你可以将你的申请发至邮箱：pingpong@123.com。 (2017·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文) ‎ If_interested_in_it,_you may email your application to pingpong@123.com.‎ ‎3.Although Yang did not get the best scores on every single test, it was his high scores on the psychological tests that finally won him the status of China's first astronaut.‎ 虽然杨(利伟)并非每项测试都得了最高分，但他各项心理测试所得的高分最终为他赢得了中国首位宇航员的席位。‎ 强调句型(It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他成分)。‎ 正是魏源，在他的书《海国图志》中首先向中国引进了现代技术和理念。(2016·北京高考满分作文) ‎ It_was_Wei_Yuan,_in his book, Haiguo Tuzhi, who first introduced modern technologies and ideas to China.‎ ‎(四)初中考点再回顾 高频考查类——记熟 文化差异类——辨清 易忘易错类——勤览 ‎1.be_hard_on_sb. 对某人苛刻；对某人要求严厉 ‎2.be_kind_to_sb.　　对某人友好 ‎3.be_necessary_to_do_sth.‎ ‎ 有必要做某事 ‎4.be patient of sth. 容忍某物 ‎5.be patient with 对……有耐心 ‎1.come_true　　　　实现 ‎2.take_a_message 捎口信 ‎3.keep_a_diary 写日记 ‎4.Wet paint! 油漆未干！‎ ‎5.be up to sb. 由某人决定 ‎1.go to the movie/cinema看电影 ‎ ‎2.go to school 上学 ‎3.go to college 上大学 ‎4.eat well 吃得好 ‎5.taste good 好吃 一、过重点单词—— ‎1．curious adj.好奇的，求知欲强的；奇特的 ‎[教材原句]　He was bright and curious about the world outside his home town.‎ 他天资聪明，对家乡之外的世界充满了好奇。‎ ‎(1)be curious about　　　　　　 对……感到好奇 be curious to do sth. 渴望做某事 ‎(2)curiosity n. 好奇；好奇心 with curiosity 好奇地 out of curiosity 出于好奇 ‎(3)curiously adv. 好奇地 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①My daughter watched curiously (curious) as I opened the box.‎ ‎②The little girl looked at me with curiosity. ‎ ‎③I was curious about the computer when I was a child.‎ 完成句子 ‎④Curious_about_everything (因为对所有的事物好奇), we walked about in the campus.‎ ‎⑤Out_of_curiosity (出于好奇), the girl can't wait to open the envelope.‎ ‎⑥He likes travelling, because he is_curious_to_know_more_about_the_world (渴望更多地了解这个世界). ‎ ‎2．fortune n．[C]大笔的钱，财富；[U]运气 ‎[教材原句]　Inside the tombs, he discovered a great fortune in jewels and gold, along with the preserved bodies of dead kings.‎ 在这些陵墓中，他发现了大量的珠宝和黄金，和已故国王被保存的遗体。‎ ‎(1)make a/one's fortune　　　　　 发财 try one's fortune 碰运气 ‎(2)fortunate adj. 幸运的 be fortunate to do sth. 有幸做某事 ‎(3)fortunately＝luckily adv. 幸运地 unfortunately＝unluckily adv. 不幸地 ‎(4)misfortune n. 不幸 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①We've all heard stories of school dropouts who have made ‎ their/a fortune.‎ ‎②My cousin was fortunate to_find (find) a job as soon as she graduated from the university. ‎ ‎③The store caught fire. Fortunately (fortunate), all the people there escaped from it.‎ ‎④He would laugh the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone's misfortune (fortune)．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ完形) ‎ 根据提示完成小片段 In the 1980s, Li Hua went to the south ⑤to_try_his_fortune (碰运气). But he ⑥made_no_fortune (没有发财). ⑦Fortunately (幸运的是), he met with a boss who fed pigs. With his help, Li Hua ⑧made_his_fortune_(发财) later by feeding pigs.‎ ‎3．preserve vt.保存，保护，保持n.保护区 ‎[经典例句]　The theme of the Photography Show is preserving the environment.‎ 这次摄影展的主题是保护环境。‎ ‎(1)preserve ... from ...　　 保护……免于……‎ be well/strictly preserved 被很好/严格地保存 ‎(2)preservation n. 维护；保护；保养 in good preservation 处于良好的保存状态 ‎[题点全练]　完成句子 ‎①Social activities usually preserve_old_people_from the loneliness.‎ 社会活动经常保护老年人免于孤独之苦。‎ ‎②I think these interesting old customs should be_well_preserved.‎ 我认为这些有趣的旧习俗应该被很好地保存下来。‎ ‎③As we all know, the police are responsible for the preservation_of_law_and_order.‎ 我们大家都知道警察是负责维护治安的。‎ ‎④The old building is in_good_preservation. ‎ 这栋旧建筑保存得很好。‎ ‎⑤In this nature_preserve,_all the rare plants are well_preserved.‎ 在这个自然保护区里，所有珍稀植物都保存完好。‎ ‎4．content n．内容；[复数]容纳的东西；目录；[单数]含量 adj.满足的，满意的vt.使满足 ‎[教材原句]　Afterwards, all of its contents would go into a museum.‎ 此后，其所有的东西都要收进博物馆。‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中content的含义 ‎①There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)含量 ‎②It is reported that more than half of those surveyed on the website say they are content with their current life. 满意的 ‎③There is a table of contents in front of a dictionary.目录 ‎④Will it content you if I let you have candies tomorrow？使满足 ‎⑤The contents of the letter are still secret until today. 内容 ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎(1)be/feel content with ...　　 对……满足/满意 be content to do sth. 乐于做某事 ‎(2)content oneself with ... 满足于……‎ Those who are content with/content themselves with their present situations will surely make no difference in life.‎ 那些满足于现状的人在生活中一定不会有大的作为。‎ ‎5．disturb vt.打扰，扰乱；使(某人)烦恼或不安 ‎[教材原句]　When a bomb is opened, fresh air disturbs the viruses.‎ 陵墓被打开时，新鲜的空气扰乱了这些病毒。‎ ‎(1)It disturbs sb. to do sth. 做某事使某人不安 be disturbed by　　　　 为……感到不安；被……打扰 ‎(2)disturbed adj. 感到不安的；心烦意乱的 disturbing adj. 令人不安的，引起烦恼的 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Dad hates being disturbed (disturb) when he is writing.‎ ‎②The story takes place during a disturbing (disturb) time in South Africa, when the country was dealing with violence and the rapid spread of AIDS. ‎ ‎③My grandmother is very disturbed (disturb) by the loss of hearing.‎ 完成句子 ‎④It_disturbed_her_to_realize that she was alone. ‎ 她意识到自己孤单一人，心里很不安。‎ ‎⑤I was_rather_disturbed_by the way she educated her children.‎ 我对她教育孩子的方式感到十分不安。‎ ‎6．inspire vt.启迪，赋予灵感；激励，鼓舞 ‎[教材原句]　Do you want to inspire students with your experiences?‎ 你想用你的经历来鼓舞学生吗？‎ ‎(1)inspire sb. with sth. ＝inspire sth. in sb.‎ ‎　　　　　　 　 用某事激励某人 inspire sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事 ‎(2)inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的 inspired adj. 受到鼓舞的；有灵感的 ‎(3)inspiration n. 鼓舞人心的人(或事物)；灵感 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①She hopes to inspire the Jamaicans to_lay (lay) down their weapons.(2016·江苏高考阅读)‎ ‎②The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations (inspire) for great inventions.(2017·北京高考单选)‎ ‎③It is really inspiring (inspire) to hear that my son got the first place in the maths contest.‎ ‎④Every day in our work, we are inspired (inspire) by the people we meet doing extraordinary things to improve the world.(2016·四川高考阅读)‎ 句型转换 ‎⑤His encouraging remarks inspired confidence in me.‎ ‎→His encouraging remarks inspired me with confidence.‎ ‎7．discourage vt.使灰心；劝阻，阻止；使泄气 ‎[教材原句]　Even though some of the gorillas were quite dangerous, this did not discourage Dian.‎ 尽管一些大猩猩非常危险，然而这并没有让迪安气馁。‎ ‎(1)discourage sb. from doing sth.‎ ‎ ‎ 劝某人不要做某事；使某人失去做某事的信心 ‎(2)discouraging adj.　　　 令人泄气或沮丧的 discouraged adj. (人)感到泄气或沮丧的 ‎(3)discouragement n. 劝阻；泄气；使人泄气的事；挫折，气馁 ‎[多角练透]‎ 用discourage的适当形式填空 ‎①He refused to give up in spite of many discouragements.‎ ‎②Learners can feel discouraged if an exercise is too difficult.‎ ‎③Today's report on the economy is rather discouraging.‎ 完成句子 ‎④In an effort to discourage_people_from_using_plastics,_scientists have been hard at work inventing alternative packaging products.‎ 为了劝人们不要使用塑料，科学家们一直在努力发明可替代的包装产品。‎ ‎⑤Yet instead of being_discouraged_by my slow progress, I was excited.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ完形) ‎ 我并没有因为自己进步缓慢而沮丧，相反我很激动。‎ ‎8．desire n．渴望，欲望，愿望 vt.渴望，期望；想要 ‎[教材原句]　He always had a strong desire to learn how to fly.‎ 他总是对学习如何飞行有一种强烈的渴望。‎ ‎(1)have a strong desire ‎(2)desire to do sth.　　　　　　　　 渴望做某事 desire sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 desire that ... (should) do sth. 渴望……‎ ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching coffee, it will have a strong desire to_secure (secure) success by disabling it own off switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with its task.(2017·北京高考阅读)‎ ‎②The public desired that the result (should)_be_made (make) in public.‎ ‎③I desire to_contact (contact) him for some suggestions on improving my listening.‎ ‎④Artificial intelligence may satisfy human's real desires (desire) one day.‎ 句型转换 ‎⑤He desires that I (should) go abroad for further education.‎ ‎→He desires me to go abroad for further education.‎ ‎[名师指津]　desire不用于进行时态，后接宾语从句时，从句中的谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。此外，含desire的主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气。‎ ‎9．apply vi.申请vt.使用，应用；涂抹，敷 ‎[教材原句]　In 1998, he applied to be a member of Project 921, which is now called Shenzhou.‎ ‎1998年，他申请成为“921”计划(现名“神舟”计划)的成员。‎ ‎[练牢基点]　写出下列句中apply的含义 ‎①The new technology, if applied to rice growing, will help increase the grain output.应用，使用 ‎②Interested in this international network, I am writing to apply for its membership. 申请 ‎③The nurse applied the ointment to the wound.涂抹，敷 ‎[系统考点]‎ ‎(1)apply ... to ...　　　　 把……运用到……中；把……涂到……上 apply to ... 适应……；适用于……‎ apply (to ...) for ... (向……)申请……‎ apply oneself to 集中精力于 ‎(2)applicant n. 申请人 application n. 申请；申请书；适用 ‎[练通重点]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎④You should attach a recent photograph to your application (apply) form.‎ ‎⑤When the time came to make the final decision for a course, I decided to apply for the one that I was interested in.‎ ‎⑥Successful applicants (apply) often have experience in customer service, inside sales, outside sales, or other customer facing positions.‎ ‎⑦Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning (learn) how to read and write.‎ 根据提示完成小片段 When an idea occurred to him, he first ⑧applied_it_to (把它应用于) his work. He also ⑨applied_for_a_patent_(申请了一项专利) about it. Then he ⑩applied_himself_to (专心于) it and made ‎ necessary changes.‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Some people eat wild animals not only to enjoy the taste but also want to satisfy their curiosity (curious)．‎ ‎2．His parents tried to discourage him from going abroad, but failed.‎ ‎3．Everyone desires to_live (live) in a world free of worries and pains.‎ ‎4．Unfortunately (fortunate), that rickety old sled (雪橇) they used couldn't hold up and they crashed.‎ ‎5．My grandfather contented himself with a single glass of wine.‎ ‎6．To my delight, I was chosen from hundreds of applicants (apply) to attend the opening ceremony.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．Every student has a strong desire to success one day. to→for ‎2．Inspiring by the speech, the little girl made up her mind to work even harder.Inspiring→Inspired ‎3．Don't be so discouraging. If you put away such feelings, you will do better next time. discouraging→discouraged ‎4．Short after that race I got it in my head that I could run a marathon.Short→Shortly ‎5．People gathered round, curiously to know what was happening.curiously→curious ‎6．I am very disturbing by the complaints that have been made against you. disturbing→disturbed Ⅲ.完成句子 ‎1．Everyone has a chance of making_a_fortune by struggling.‎ 靠着奋斗，每个人都有机会发财。‎ ‎2．You should never be_content_with_such_small_success.‎ 你不应该满足于这样小的成功。‎ ‎3．Tell me all you know in_connection_with that matter.‎ 把你知道的关于那件事的所有情况都告诉我。‎ ‎4．We discouraged_him_from_giving_up the job, but he didn't want to.‎ 我们劝他不要放弃那份工作，但他不肯。‎ ‎5．She had a_strong_desire_for_fame.‎ 她非常渴望出名。‎ 二、过短语、句式—— ‎1．come across (偶然)遇见；发现；被理解 ‎[教材原句]　There, they came across the tomb of King Tutankhamun.‎ 在那个地方，他们偶然发现了图坦卡蒙国王的陵墓。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎①come about　　　　　　　 发生 ‎②come on 来吧；赶快；进行 ‎③come out 出版；出来；出现；结果是 ‎④come to 苏醒；总计；达到 ‎⑤come to oneself 苏醒，恢复知觉 ‎⑥come up 走近；上来；发芽；被提出 ‎⑦come up with 想出；提出 ‎⑧when it_comes to ... 当谈到……时 ‎[应用领悟]‎ ‎①When walking down the street, I came across David who I hadn't seen for years.‎ 当沿着街道散步的时候，我遇见了多年未见的戴维。‎ ‎②But when it comes to embryonic learning, birds could rule the roost.(2017·江苏高考阅读)‎ 当谈到胎教时，鸟类可以称雄。‎ ‎[联想发散]　表示“(偶然)遇见”的短语还有：run across; run into; meet with; meet ... by chance/accident等。‎ ‎2．result in 导致，结果是……‎ ‎[教材原句]　If breathed in, they can result in illness or even death.‎ 如果这些病毒被人体吸入，它们就可能导致疾病甚至死亡。‎ result from　　　　　 由……造成；因……而产生 as a result 结果 as a result of ... 作为……的结果 ‎[题点全练]　完成句子 ‎①Look for a review partner because studying by yourself might eventually result_in_laziness.‎ 寻找一个复习的搭档，因为你独自学习可能最终导致懒惰。‎ ‎②The train was delayed as_a_result_of the heavy rain.‎ 由于大雨的缘故，火车晚点了。‎ ‎③As_a_result,_the bad thing has been turned into a good one.‎ 结果坏事变成了好事。‎ ‎3．pay off 成功，带来好结果；得到回报；还清 ‎[教材原句]　All my years of training as an explorer have finally paid off!‎ 我这些年作为一名探险家的训练终于得到了回报！‎ ‎[练牢基点]　写出下列句中pay off的含义 ‎①It is rather costly to install the machinery, but it will pay off in the long run.成功，带来好结果 ‎②They have loans, bills, and a mortgage to pay off, retirement to save for.还清 ‎③Tim, believe me, all your efforts will pay off some day.得到回报 ‎[系统考点]‎ pay back　　　　　　 偿还(欠款)；报复；回报 pay for ... 付钱买……，为……付出代价 pay a visit to 参观；拜访 pay attention to 注意；留心 ‎[练通重点]‎ 选用上述短语填空 ‎④She did parttime jobs to get more money to help pay_for school.‎ ‎⑤I also hope that the great effort I am making will pay_off.‎ ‎⑥You may rely on it that he will pay_back all the debts.‎ ‎⑦Time permitting, you can pay_a_visit_to some places of interest in Hangzhou.‎ ‎⑧The students must pay_attention_to their safety on the way to school. ‎ 翻译句子 ‎⑨尽管唐诗很难学，但你的努力总有一天会得到回报。(2017·全国卷Ⅰ写作佳句)‎ Though_Tang_poems_are_very_difficult_to_learn,_your_efforts_will_pay_off_one_day.‎ ‎4．“by＋时间”作状语 By_the_1920s,_he had_become an explorer, searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings.‎ 到了20世纪20年代，他已经成为一名探险家，致力于寻找古埃及国王的陵墓。‎ ‎“by＋时间”作状语，句子时态如下：‎ (1)“by＋现在时间”，主句用现在完成时；‎ (2)“by＋过去时间”，主句用过去完成时；‎ (3)“by＋将来时间”，主句用将来完成时。‎ ‎①By now, five villagers have_been_attacked (attack) by the hairy creature.‎ 到现在为止，已经有5个村民被那个多毛生物袭击了。‎ ‎②By the time the doctor arrived at the spot, the patient had_died_(die). ‎ 当医生到达现场时，病人已经死了。‎ ‎③Marty has been working really hard on his painting and he thinks he will_have_finished__it by Sunday.‎ Marty一直在非常努力地画画，他认为他将会在周末前完成。‎ ‎5．强调句型 Although Yang did not get the best scores on every single test, it_was his high scores on the psychological tests that finally won him the status of China's first astronaut.‎ 虽然杨(利伟)并非每项测试都得了最高分，但他各项心理测试所得的高分最终为他赢得了中国首位宇航员的席位。‎ ‎(1)强调句型的基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分。多用于强调句子主语、宾语和状语；‎ ‎(2)强调句型的一般疑问句：Is/Was it ＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？‎ ‎(3)强调句型的特殊疑问句：疑问词(被强调部分)＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？‎ ‎(4)not ... until ...结构的强调句型：It is/was not until ... that ...。‎ ‎①It_is_I_that/who am going to attend the meeting.‎ 是我要去参加会议。‎ ‎②Was_it_five_years_ago_that we got together last time?‎ 我们上次相聚是在五年前吗？‎ ‎③The patient looks much better. What_is_it_that has made him what he is today?‎ 那个病人看上去好多了。是什么让他变成今天这样的呢？‎ ‎④It_wasn't_until_I finished film studies that I pursued my career as an actress.(2017·天津高考阅读表达)‎ 直到我完成了电影学习，我才开始追逐我的演员生涯。‎ ‎[名师指津]　判断是否是强调句的方法： 把 It is/was和that 去掉，看句子的结构及语意是否完整，若完整，则为强调句；若不完整，则不是。‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 pay off， result in， come across， open up， in connection with， set sail ‎1．It would take him the rest of his life to pay_off his debts.‎ ‎2．Our ship from Shanghai to London will set_sail tomorrow.‎ ‎3．His carelessness resulted_in the failure of the experiment.‎ ‎4．The police have arrested two suspects in_connection_with the bank robbery.‎ ‎5．Yesterday afternoon I came_across an old friend we hadn't seen for ages.‎ ‎6．There is a new Thai restaurant opening_up in town.‎ Ⅱ.句型转换 ‎1．He was curious about Australian cities, so he read the book written by Dr. Johnson.‎ ‎→Curious about Australian cities,_he read the book written by Dr. Johnson.‎ ‎2．Stress and tiredness result in his lack of concentration.‎ ‎→He is lack of concentration as a result of stress and tiredness.‎ ‎3．I didn't realize that she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.(强调not until)‎ ‎→It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.‎ Ⅲ.翻译句子 ‎1．警方已控制了局势。(in control of)‎ The_police_have_been_in_control_of_the_situation.‎ ‎2．孩子应当尊敬父母和老师。(look up to)‎ Children_should_look_up_to_their_parents_and_teachers.‎ ‎3．到你回来时，我就写完我的小说了。(by the time)‎ By the time you come back, I will have finished writing my novel.‎ ‎4．这些花如果不能每天浇水就会死去。(unless＋分词)‎ The_flowers_will_die_unless_watered_every_day.‎ ‎5．她兴冲冲地回到家里，却发现一个人也没有。 (only to do ...)‎ She_came_home_excitedly,_only_to_find_nobody_was_in.‎ 三、过语法、写作—— ‎(一)单元小语法 ‎　　——过去完成时 Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．I had_finished (finish) my homework before supper was ready.‎ ‎2．The play had_started (start) when we got to the theatre.‎ ‎3．By the end of June they had_treated (treat) over 10,000 patients.‎ ‎4．In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones hadn't_been_invented (not invent) yet.(2017·北京高考单选) ‎ ‎5．I had_meant (mean) to visit you, but an unexpected thing happened.‎ ‎6．She said that she hadn't_gone (not go) to the Great Wall yet.‎ ‎7．I wish she had_taken (take) the medicine last night. ‎ ‎8．If the new safety system had_been_put (put) to use, the accident would never have happened.(2017·北京高考单选) ‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．She had_learned_some_English before she came to the institute.‎ 她在来学院前已学过了一些英语。‎ ‎2．By then he had_been_in_army for 3 years.‎ 到那时，他已入伍3年了。‎ ‎3．Hardly had_we_started_when the car got a flat tyre.‎ 我们才刚刚开动，汽车的轮胎就漏气了。‎ ‎4．It was the third time that he_had_made_the_same_mistake.‎ 这是他第三次犯同样的错误了。‎ ‎5．I had_meant_to_help you, but I was too busy at the moment.‎ 我本想帮你的，但当时确实太忙了。‎ ‎(二)课堂微写作 ‎　　练补写——让行文更条理 ‎[题目要求]‎ 请你就下表所提供的信息用英语写一篇短文，简要介绍德国著名作曲家巴赫。词数100左右。‎ ‎[补写提示]　请根据汉语提示补写习作内容 Johann Sebastian Bach was born into a musical family in 1685 in Eisenach, Germany. (巴赫有一个不幸的童年。9岁丧母，10岁丧父。少年时期靠奖学金上学。1702年毕业，1703年成为一名小提琴手。此后创作了许多曲子。晚年双目失明仍坚持创作。1750年在莱比锡去世。)‎ As a great composer, Bach is one of the most important people in the history of western culture.‎ ‎[答案示例]‎ Johann Sebastian Bach was born into a musical family in 1685 in Eisenach, Germany. Bach_had_an_unhappy_childhood._At_the_age_of_nine,_he_lost_his_mother,_and_the_next_year_his_father_died._When_young,_he_went_to_school_on_a_scholarship_and_graduated_in_1702._And_then_in_1703,_he_became_a_violinist._And_from_then_on,_he_composed_a_lot_of_works._Unfortunately,_he_lost_his_sight_completely_in_his_later_life._However,_this_didn't_discourage_him_from_working_on_music,_and_he_still_kept_on_creating_many_works._Bach_died_in_Leipzig_in_1750.‎ As a great composer, Bach is one of the most important people in the history of western culture. ‎ 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ A ‎(2018·潍坊模拟)Shanghai Air & Hotel with Transfers/One Day Hangzhou City Tour(PK0482737SHA06)‎ Package Inclusive ‎◎Return Air Tickets ‎◎2 Nights Accommodation ‎◎Return Airport Transfers ‎◎One Day Hangzhou City Tour Booking Period：29 Jan.2018 to 31 Dec. 2018‎ Travel Period：29 Jan. 2018 to 31 Dec. 2018‎ ONE DAY HANGZHOU CITY TOUR It is a city rich with history and culture, spanning back over 2,000 years. With its inviting views and outstanding scenery, the area soon became popular with artists, poets and painters seeking inspiration in this little bit of paradise.‎ Our first stop is Six Harmonies Pagoda. You will get to visit the charming museum and snap some photos in front of this architectural marvel that was built in the Song Dynasty.‎ Next stop will be a visit to Meijiawu Tea Village, for a traditional tea ceremony and its significance to Chinese culture.‎ After lunch, the beautiful view of West Lake is going to greet us. We will have a cruise (游览) across West Lake to experience peace and serenity like no place else in the Shanghai area. The unforgettable scenery includes Three Pools Mirroring the Moon, Bai and Su Causeways, Solitary Hill, and Leifeng Pagoda, etc. The boat ride ends at Viewing Fish at Flower Harbor. We will have the chance to walk along on Su Causeway, and feed the fish in the Red Fish Pond to pray for the good luck.‎ Pickup Time：Between 7：30 a．m.～8：30 a．m.‎ Duration: 10 hrs ‎2WAY SHANGHAI PUDONG INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT TRANSFERS Transfer between Shanghai Pudong International Airport (PVG) to your hotel is provided by mini bus. On arrival, you will be met by our driver after custom clearance.‎ Should you require further assistance, please contact our hotline:‎ ‎ ＋86 21 6322 3855‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。主要讲述了杭州一日游的旅行安排。‎ ‎21．What service will you get from One Day Hangzhou City Package Tour?‎ A．Roundtrip air tickets.‎ B．One day accommodation.‎ C．Free food service.‎ D．Forceshopping.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据Package Inclusive中的第一条“Return Air Tickets”可知选项A正确。‎ ‎22．Which tourist attraction will you visit first?‎ A．Meijiawu Tea Village.‎ B．Six Harmonies Pagoda.‎ C．West Lake.‎ D．Su Causeways.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据“Our first stop is Six Harmonies Pagoda.”一句可知选项B正确。‎ ‎23．How will you get to your hotel from the airport?‎ A．By air.　　　　　　　　 B．By train.‎ C．By bus. D．By ship.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的首句“Transfer between Shanghai Pudong International Airport(PVG)to your hotel is provided by mini bus.”可知选项C正确。‎ B A recent Stanford study found that America's students are ‎ shockingly bad at telling fact from fiction in this digital age. It's apparent that something has to change in the nation's classrooms. That something, according to Professor Sam Wineburg, one of those Stanford researchers, is “practice.”‎ ‎“How do they become prepared to make the choices about what to believe, what to forward, what to post to their friends，” Wineburg asked on NPR's All Things Considered, “when teachers give no practice to them？”‎ Patricia Hunt, an experienced teacher at Wakefield High School in Arlington, Va., is doing something she has never done before: helping to pilot a new, digital course called the checkology virtual classroom. It comes from the nonprofit The News Literacy Project.‎ Hunt's students, most of them seniors, work in threes or fours. They're presented with a series of stories that are rapidly and broadly spread via the Internet. Some are false information. Some are ads. And some are pure fact.‎ ‎“We don't know which is which at this point，” laughs student Kahder Smith. “We actually have to sit down, take our time, and actually read them. And probably Google some stuff to see if it's real or not.”‎ A post claims that more than a dozen people died after receiving the flu vaccine (疫苗) in Italy and that the CDC (Centers for Disease Control) is now telling people not to get a flu shot.‎ ‎“I mean, I've heard many unconfirmed reports that the flu shot's bad for you，” student Autumn Cooper says. But instinct (直觉) tells her the story's wrong. “It just doesn't look like a reliable source. It looks like this is off Facebook and someone shared it.”‎ ‎ Cooper labels the story “fiction”. And she's right.‎ Instead of teaching students the fundamentals of factchecking, many schools simply ignore the problem, blocking social media sites on school computers.‎ ‎“It's like teaching students to drive in the parking lot and then sending them out on the highway and saying ‘Good luck！’” says Audrey Church, president of the American Association of School Librarians.‎ 语篇解读：本文是议论文。美国的一些学校开设了教学生如何鉴别网络消息真假的课程，很多专家学者表示赞同。‎ ‎24．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A．Stanford researchers.　　　　　 B．Media people.‎ C．Students. D．Teachers.‎ 解析：选C　代词指代题。根据第一段中的“America's students are shockingly bad at telling fact from fiction in this digital age”可知，在电子时代，美国的学生缺乏辨别真假消息的能力，由此可推测，这里是问“这些学生”怎样才能做好准备选择相信、传递、发布哪些消息呢？另外，根据第二段末的“when teachers give no practice to them”也可推测，这里的they指的是学生。‎ ‎25．How does Hunt run the digital course?‎ A．By inviting experts to give students lectures.‎ B．By asking students to go on the Internet together.‎ C．By taking students to a news organization regularly.‎ D．By letting students identify factual information in groups.‎ 解析：‎ 选D　细节理解题。根据第四、五段内容可知，Hunt让她的学生三四人一组鉴别真假消息。‎ ‎26．According to Church, what should schools do?‎ A．Help students improve driving skills.‎ B．Teach students how to spot false news.‎ C．Allow students to drive on the highway.‎ D．Ask students to avoid using social media.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后两段内容可知，Church认为学校屏蔽社交媒体的做法就像是在停车场教会学生们开车后让他们直接上高速，这样做无疑风险很大。由此可推测他反对学校屏蔽社交媒体的做法，而是希望学校能够教孩子们如何识别假新闻。‎ ‎27．What does the text mainly discuss?‎ A．The findings of a recent Stanford study.‎ B．An educational issue in the digital age.‎ C．The influence of a widely spread post.‎ D．An experienced high school teacher.‎ 解析：选B　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讨论了在电子时代，老师如何帮助学生们学会鉴别网络消息的真假，这是一个教育问题。‎ C ‎(2018·北京东城综合练习)Our room was on the second floor but you could still hear the roar of the ocean and see the stars at night. I used to take long walks along the water. The food in town was wonderful and the people were very friendly. The area was very quiet and peaceful, and fairly deserted.‎ The last evening of our vacation, however, we all heard strange footsteps following closely behind us as we were walking up to our ‎ room in the holiday centre. We turned around and noticed a fairly young man moving very rapidly across the beach and getting closer to us. He was tall and wore a baseball cap. We couldn't see his face and he was approaching us very rapidly. The man's actions made my dad very nervous. Dad warned us that we'd better try to make it to our hotel room as quickly as possible. I didn't like my dad's voice. I could hear fear in it. It was late and we were all alone. We didn't have any cell phones on us. I never saw Dad as worried as he was then and I knew that something was terribly wrong. The sense of fear started to overwhelm Mom and me. We had had such a good time in town. Now, the night was rapidly turning into a dangerous situation.‎ We could hear the man's footsteps getting closer. Dad's face was almost pale. The socalled intruder (侵入者) had moved nearer and nearer when all of a sudden, the nearby vending (自动售卖) machine started going crazy and spitting out cans of soda! The noise actually scared the intruder and he ran out of sight. My parents were shaking, but we all turned around to see who had put money into the vending machine downstairs, and actually saved us, but no one was around at all. Not a soul.‎ It's one vacation I will never forget.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，描写了作者一家人以前在海边度假时的一次离奇而可怕的经历。‎ ‎28．Where did the author spend the vacation?‎ A．Near a lake. B．At the seaside.‎ C．In a village. D．In a mountain.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知，作者旅行的地方应该是在海边，因此才能听到海风呼啸。故选B。‎ ‎29．What happened on the last evening of their vacation?‎ A．They were followed by a stranger.‎ B．Their cell phones were missing.‎ C．Their money was stolen.‎ D．They lost their way.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，在假期的最后一晚有陌生人跟踪他们。故选A。‎ ‎30．The underlined word “overwhelm” in Paragraph 2 means“______”．‎ A．control B．move C．excite D．impress 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的上文并结合语境可知，作者一家人都很害怕，所以此处应指这种恐惧的气氛笼罩着他们。overwhelm意为“压倒；覆盖”。control意思与之最接近。故选A。‎ ‎31．What helped them get out of the trouble?‎ A．Their quick action.‎ B．Other people's kind help.‎ C．The young man's warning.‎ D．The noise from the vending machine.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段第三、四句可知，是自动售卖机发出的响声吓走了侵入者。故选D。‎ D We can stay young forever. That is the message Dr. Shen Ziyin wants to give the world. And the Chinese doctor claims that he has found an answer to the problems of aging.‎ His solution is a herbal medicine to slow the process of aging.‎ Dr. Shen Ziyin has been trained in Western medicine. At the same time he studied traditional Chinese medicine. And, he has been working for the past forty years to put together the best of both and find a cure for aging. He has taken a hint from the ancient Chinese medicine system called “shen”．‎ According to Shen, it is the kidney which adjusts the functioning of the body as well as its aging process. It is responsible for the level of activity that the human bodies go through. Studies conducted by Dr. Shen show that herbal medicine based on the shen system slow the aging process, says a report in The Telegraph newspaper.‎ We notice that when people grow old, they have reduced strength, loss of hair, backache, weakness in general, and wrinkles, among others. This happens because when people grow old, their bodies produce Tcells. These Tcells contain a particular substance called Fas. Fas makes the cells in the body destruct themselves.‎ So the only way to slow down aging is to slow the production of Tcells in the body. This can happen if people eat low calorie food. Then the body is not active enough to produce extra Tcells. But, is going hungry all the time a good price to pay for staying young?‎ This is where Dr. Shen's herbal medicine comes in. But how effective it will be, only time can tell.‎ 语篇解读：文章讲述了沈自尹博士在延缓衰老这一领域的研究成果。‎ ‎32．How did Dr. Shen find the solution to the problem of aging?‎ A．By studying Western medicine.‎ B．By learning traditional Chinese medicine.‎ C．By doing research on both Western and Chinese people.‎ D．By combining both Western and Chinese medicine.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据文章第三段“And, he has been working for the past forty years to put together the best of both and find a cure for aging.”可知他通过把中西药结合发明了能延缓衰老的药物，所以答案是D。‎ ‎33．What plays the most important role in keeping people young according to Shen?‎ A．Medical treatment.‎ B．People's good kidney.‎ C．Level of people's activity.‎ D．Positive life attitude.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章第四段“According to Shen, it is the kidney which adjusts the functioning of the body as well as its aging process”可知沈博士认为保持人们年轻的重要角色是肾，所以答案是B。‎ ‎34．The reason why people become old is that ________.‎ A．their bodies are unable to fight diseases B．their bodies produce Tcells C．they have reduced strength, loss of hair D．they become weaker and weaker 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章第五段“This happens because when people grow old, their bodies produce Tcells.”可知人们会变老的原因是人们的身体会制造胸腺细胞，所以答案是B。‎ ‎35．We can probably learn from the passage that ________.‎ A．people should try to quicken the production of Tcells in the body B．the more Chinese herbal medicine people drink, the better for health C．it remains unknown how effective Dr. Shen's herbal medicine is D．producing more low calorie food allows people to keep young 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“But how effective it will be, only time can tell.”可知沈博士的药效如何还需时间进行验证，所以可推测出药效如何目前还不知晓，所以答案是C。‎ 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ ‎(2018·陕西省西安市第七十中学模拟)‎ Public Speaking Training ‎·Get a coach ‎__36__， so get help. Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses, here are some things to look for when deciding the training that's right for you.‎ ‎·Focus on positives Any training you do to become more effective at public speaking should always focus on the positive aspects of what you already do well. Nothing can hurt confidence more than being told that you aren't doing well. __37__， so good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldn't do.‎ ‎·__38__‎ If you find a public speaking course that looks as though it's going to give you lots of dos and don'ts, walk away! Your brain is so full of what you're going to be talking about.__39__. As far as we're concerned, there are basically no hard and fast rules about public ‎ speaking. Your audience can be your friends.‎ ‎·You are a special person not a clone Most importantly, good public speaking training should treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits.__40__. Your training course should help you bring out your personality, not try to turn you into someone you're not.‎ A．You aren't like anybody else B．You already do lots of things well C．Turn your back on too many rules D．Check the rules about dos and don'ts E．Whatever the presentation, public speaking is tough F．The one thing you don't want is for them to fall asleep G．So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse 语篇解读：本文介绍了怎么选择适合自己的公共演讲训练。‎ ‎36．解析：选E　根据本空后的“so get help”可推测，本空内容应该是指遇到困难或者棘手的事情。纵观所有选项只有E项和F项是棘手的事情。F项中有代词them，但本空前后没有与之相对应的名词，故选E项。‎ ‎37．解析：选B　本题位于段中，通过上下文得出选项。后一句“so good public speaking training should develop those”与空格处形成因果关系，所以空格中应表达“你已经做得很好了”的含义，故选B项。‎ ‎38．解析：选C　本题位于段首， 为整段的主旨大意。本段第一句中提到“lots of dos and don'ts, walk away！”可知，如果有的培训讲太多的条条框框的话，要对条条框框说不，故选C项。‎ ‎39．解析：选G　从前句“Your brain is so full of what you're going ‎ to be talking about”可知，后一空与前一空形成因果关系，脑子里装满了条条框框只会使情况变得更糟，故选G项。‎ ‎40．解析：选A　根据“treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits”可知，空处应讲“与众不同”，故选A项。‎ 第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ ‎(2018·河南商丘一中模拟)When I was in middle school, a poisonous spider bit my right hand. I ran to my mom for__41__ but instead of taking me to a doctor, my mom set my hand__42__.‎ After wrapping my hand with several layers of cotton, then soaking it in wine, she put a chopstick into my mouth, and lit the cotton. Heat quickly went through the cotton and began to roast my__43__. The sharp pain made me want to scream, but the chopstick__44__it. All I could do was watch my hand burn — one minute, then two minutes — __45__ mom put out the fire.‎ At that time there was no doctor available my mother could bring me to see about my spider bite.‎ For those who study biology, you may have grasped the science__46__my mom's cure: heat deactivates (使不活跃) proteins, and a spider's venom (毒液) is __47__ a form of protein. It's __48__ how that folk remedy actually includes basic biochemistry, isn't it? But I am a PhD student in biochemistry at Harvard. I now know that better, less__49__ and less risky treatments existed. So I can't help but ask myself why I didn't__50__ one at that time.‎ Now I am happy to report that my hand is fine. But this question ‎ remains, and I continue to be troubled by the unequal__51__of scientific knowledge throughout the world. Despite the knowledge we have accumulated, we haven't been so__52__ in deploying (配置) it to where it's needed most. We constantly see these problems of poverty, illness, and__53__of resources preventing the flow of scientific information. Lifesaving knowledge we take for granted in the modern world is often__54__ in underdeveloped regions.‎ While studying at Harvard, I saw__55__ scientific knowledge can help others in simple, yet profound ways. The bird flu in the 2000s looked to my village like a spell cast by devils. When I realized that simple hygiene (卫生) practices like__56__ different animal species could contain the spread of the disease, and that I could help make this knowledge available to my village, that was my first “Aha” moment as a budding scientist.‎ Harvard dares us to dream big, to aspire (立志) to change the world. Here on this Commencement Day, we are__57__ thinking of grand destinations and big adventures that await us. As for me, I am also thinking of the farmers in my village. My experience here__58__ me how important it's for researchers to communicate our knowledge to those__59__. Because by using the science we already have, we can probably bring my village and thousands like it into the world you and I take__60__ every day. And that's an impact every one of us can make!‎ 语篇解读：在哈佛大学的毕业典礼上，来自中国湖南的生物系博士生何江作为毕业生代表发表了毕业典礼演讲。他从自己的亲身经历——被蜘蛛咬伤的往事讲起，说明知识传播、知识分布以及资源平衡的重要性。‎ ‎41.A.medicine　　　　　　　　 B．help C．advice D．decision 解析：选B　句意：在我上中学的时候，一只毒蜘蛛咬伤了我的右手，我去找母亲寻求帮助。help意为“帮助，协助”；medicine意为“药，药物；医学”；advice意为“建议，忠告”；decision意为“决定，决心”。‎ ‎42．A.in water B．on fire C．in trouble D．on strike 解析：选B　根据后文可知，母亲采取的行动是把作者的手放在火上烧。on fire意为“着火”；in water意为“在水中”；in trouble意为“有麻烦”；on strike意为“罢工”。‎ ‎43．A.leg B．chest C．hand D．face 解析：选C　根据下文的“watch my hand burn”可知，棉纱上的温度很快上来了，作者的手也开始发烫。‎ ‎44．A.preserved B．forbade C．cancelled D．prevented 解析：选D　句意：这股灼痛让我想要大叫，不过我嘴里含着的筷子让我叫不出来。prevent意为“预防，防止，阻止”；preserve意为“保护，保存，保持”；forbid意为“禁止，不准”；cancel意为“取消，废除”。‎ ‎45．A.before B．until C．when D．while 解析：选B　句意：我唯一能做的就是看着我的手被火烧，一分钟过去了，两分钟过去了，直到母亲把火熄灭。until意为“直到……‎ 才”；before意为“在……之前”；when意为“当……时候”；while意为“当……时候；而；尽管，虽然”。‎ ‎46．A.beside B．behind C．after D．within 解析：选B　句意：对于学生物学的人来说，你也许能找到我母亲的治疗方法背后所包含的科学原理。behind意为“在……的后面，是……的原因”；beside意为“在……的旁边，在……附近”；after意为“在……之后”；within意为“在……之内”。‎ ‎47．A.accurately B．simply C．constantly D．continuously 解析：选B　句意：热量能够让蛋白质失去活性，而蜘蛛的毒液只是一种蛋白质。simply意为“仅仅，只是”；accurately意为“准确地，精确地”；constantly意为“经常地，不断地”；continuously意为“连续不断地”。‎ ‎48．A.cool B．right C．absurd D．puzzling 解析：选A　句意：这个土方子竟然也包含了基础的生物化学原理，这挺酷的，不是吗？cool意为“非常好的，特别棒的，绝妙的”；right意为“对的，正确的”；absurd意为“荒唐的，荒谬的，可笑的”；puzzling意为“令人困惑的”。‎ ‎49．A.powerful B．stressful C．painful D．regretful 解析：选C　句意：不过我是哈佛大学生物化学的博士，我现在知道了更好的、痛苦更少、危险更小的治疗方法。painful意为“痛苦的，疼痛的”；powerful意为“强大的，强有力的”；stressful意为“‎ 紧张的，有压力的”；regretful意为“后悔的，遗憾的”。‎ ‎50．A.accept B．receive C．adopt D．adapt 解析：选B　句意：所以我忍不住问我自己，为什么那个时候我得不到这种治疗。receive意为“收到，得到，受到”；accept意为“接受，同意，认可”；adopt意为“采取，采纳；收养，过继”；adapt意为“适应；改编，改写”。‎ ‎51．A.distribution B．donation C．allocation D．distraction 解析：选A　句意：不过这个问题一直在我心头萦绕，我也时常会被科学知识分布的不均衡问题所困扰。distribution意为“分发，分配”；donation意为“捐赠，赠送”；allocation意为“配给，拨出”；distraction意为“分心，注意力分散，精神不集中”。‎ ‎52．A.involved B．absorbed C．successful D．careful 解析：选C　句意：尽管我们已经积累了大量的知识，但是我们还没有成功地将这些知识部署到最需要的地方。successful意为“成功的”；involved意为“有关的，涉及的”；absorbed意为“全神贯注的”；careful意为“小心的，仔细的”。‎ ‎53．A.separation B．plenty C．absence D．lack 解析：选D　句意：我们经常看到这些因贫困、疾病以及资源匮乏导致的阻止科学信息流通的问题。lack意为“缺少，缺乏，不足”；separation意为“分开，分离”；plenty意为“充裕，大量”；absence意为“缺席，离开，不在”。‎ ‎54．A.unavailable B．unwanted C．unexpected D．unnecessary 解析：选A　句意：现代社会里我们习以为常的那些救生知识在不发达地区还未普及。unavailable意为“得不到的，难以获得的”；unwanted意为“不想要的，不需要的”；unexpected意为“意外的，预料不到的”；unnecessary意为“不必要的，不需要的”。‎ ‎55．A.when B．where C．how D．why 解析：选C　句意：在哈佛学习期间，我知道了科学知识是如何用既简单又深刻的方式帮助其他人的。how意为“如何，怎么样”；when意为“当……时候”；where意为“在……地方”；why意为“为什么”。‎ ‎56．A.dividing B．separating C．splitting D．breaking 解析：选B　句意：当我意识到简单的卫生措施例如将不同的动物隔离起来可以遏制这种疾病的传播，我可以把这些知识传递到我的村庄时，我的内心第一次有了一种作为未来科学家的使命感。separate意为“隔离，分离”；divide意为“分割，分隔”；split意为“裂开，碎裂”；break意为“打破，摔碎”。‎ ‎57．A.skilfully B．probably C．preferably D．relatively 解析：选B　句意：在这个毕业日，我们或许都会畅想等待着我们的伟大宏图和冒险之旅。probably意为“可能，或许”；skilfully意为“熟练地，有技术地”； preferably意为“更好地，更可取地”；relatively意为“相对地，比较而言地”。‎ ‎58．A.informs B．recalls C．reminds D．refers 解析：选C　句意：我在这里的经历提醒了我，对于研究人员来说，将我们所会的知识传递给那些急需的人是多么地重要。remind意为“提醒；回想起，回忆起”；inform意为“通知，告知”；recall意为“回想，回忆”；refer意为“提到，涉及”。‎ ‎59．A.in danger B．in need C．in order D．in shape 解析：选B　句意：将我们所会的知识传递给那些急需的人是多么地重要。in need意为“有需要的，危难中的，贫困的”；in danger意为“危险的”；in order意为“按顺序，井然有序”；in shape意为“健康的，状态良好”。‎ ‎60．A.for granted B．for example C．into consideration D．into practice 解析：选A　句意：因为利用我们已经掌握的科技知识，我们可能把我的家乡，还有千千万万类似的村庄变成一个我们每天习以为常的世界。take sth. for granted意为“认为……是理所当然的”；take sth. for example意为“拿……举例”；take sth. into consideration意为“考虑到，把……考虑在内”；put sth. into practice意为“把……付诸实施”。‎ 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ I found one time that helping someone could get you into a lot of trouble.‎ I was in the__61__ (nine) grade at the time, and we were having a final test. During the test, the girl__62__ (sit) next to me whispered something, but I didn't understand. Finally I found that she was ‎ trying to ask me__63__ I had an extra pen. She showed me that__64__ (her) was out of ink and would not write. I happened to have an extra one, so I put it on her desk.‎ Later, after the test papers had been turned in, the teacher__65__ (ask) me to stay in the room when all the other students were dismissed. As soon as we were alone she began to talk to me about how important it was __66__ (stand) on your own two__67__ (foot) and be responsible for your own acts. For a long time, she talked about honesty and emphasized the fact__68__ when people do something dishonest, they are really cheating themselves.She made me promise that I would think__69__ (serious) about all the things she had said, and then she told me I could leave. I walked out of the room wondering why she had chosen to talk to me__70__all those things.‎ Later on, I found out that she thought I had cheated on the test.‎ 语篇解读：帮助别人有时会招致麻烦。考试时，“我”为了帮助一位女生，将一支备用的钢笔给她，未料监考老师却认为“我”作弊。‎ ‎61.ninth　考查序数词。根据the和grade可以判断，此处表示那时“我”在九年级，空处表示“第九”，故用ninth。‎ ‎62．sitting　考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，空处修饰前面的名词the girl，两者存在主谓关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。‎ ‎63．if/whether　考查宾语从句。根据语境可知，“我”终于明白她在试图问“我”是否有额外的钢笔。空处引导宾语从句，意为“是否”，故用if或whether。‎ ‎64．hers　考查代词。分析该句结构可知，空处充当宾语从句的主语，故用名词性物主代词 hers，指代“她的钢笔”。‎ ‎65．asked　考查动词的时态。根据该句中的were dismissed并结合语境可知，该句叙述的是过去发生的事，故用一般过去时。‎ ‎66．to stand　考查动词不定式。分析该句结构可知，该句中的it作形式主语，故空处用动词不定式作真正的主语。‎ ‎67．feet　考查名词的数。根据空处前的two可知，空处应用复数，意为“双脚”，故用feet。‎ ‎68．that　考查同位语从句。分析该句结构可知，该句为同位语从句，空处后的内容说明名词fact的具体内容，故用that引导同位语从句。 ‎ ‎69．seriously　考查副词。空处修饰动词think，故用副词形式。‎ ‎70．about　考查介词。talk to sb. about sth.为固定搭配，意为“就某事和某人交谈”。‎ Ⅰ.写作规范增分练 第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ ‎(2018·芜湖模拟)My parents were away for a whole week visit my grandparents in a city about 200 kilometres away. I was really exciting at the thought of being at home alone and doing everything by myself.I was watching TV one night that the screen suddenly went black.I check, finding that there was no electricity.It was too lately at night to do anything, so I went to bed earlier.The next morning, I rang my mother and he told me to take the electricity card to the bank and bought some electricity.I did as she told me.When I got back home, I put a card into the meter and the electricity started working again.Although in the night I was a bit worried, especially because there was no electricity, but I was happy that I could solve the problem in the end.‎ 答案：第一句：visit前加to或visit→visiting 第二句：exciting→excited 第三句：that→when 第四句：check→checked 第五句：lately→late 第六句：he→she; bought→buy 第八句：a→the 第九句：in→during/through; 去掉but或but→yet 第二节：书面表达(满分25分)‎ 假定你是某校足球队队长李华。为了提高学校足球队的水平，你校决定公开招聘外籍足球教练。请你根据以下提示，给你的英国朋友Peter写一封电子邮件，请他帮忙推荐一位有意向来你校任教的足球教练。‎ ‎1．人选要求：40周岁以下，有担任足球教练的经历；‎ ‎2．基本待遇：月薪1万元，提供食宿；‎ ‎3．工作时间：每周5个工作日。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．开头语和结束语已为你写好。‎ 参考词汇：招聘 recruit vt.‎ Dear Peter，‎ How are you doing?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Looking forward to your early reply.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 参考范文：‎ Dear Peter，‎ How are you doing? I'm writing to ask whether you could do me a favor. In order to improve the skills of our school football team, my school is recruiting a foreign football coach openly. So would you please help recommend one who is willing to come to my school to teach football?‎ The coach we need should have previous experience, whose age is required to be under 40. Besides, whoever is hired by my school will have a monthly salary of 10,000 yuan, and free food as well as accommodation. As to the working hours, he only needs to work five days a week. Thank you in advance!‎ Looking forward to your early reply.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua Ⅱ.单元基础回扣练 ‎(一)单句语法填空 ‎1．By the end of last term, we had_learned (learn) English at least for four years.‎ ‎2．She sat quietly, content to_watch (watch) her children playing games.‎ ‎3．Don't be too curious about things you are not supposed to know.‎ ‎4．When I visited the Great Wall, I came across my old neighbour.‎ ‎5．His speech is good, as I can judge from the inspired (inspire)‎ ‎ look of all the listeners.‎ ‎(二)单句改错 ‎1．He expressed a desire that the papers would be made public.would→should ‎2．You will pass your exams if you really apply you to your studies.第三个you→yourself ‎3．He made fortune in the coal and iron business before he went into politics.made后加a或his ‎4．A lot of people wake up every day with a sense of being unsettled and disturbing.disturbing→disturbed ‎5．A spokesman said that the flood resulted great damage to south areas. 在result之后加in ‎(三)完成句子 ‎1．My cousin jumped with joy upon_hearing_the_news.‎ 一听到这个消息我的表妹就高兴得跳了起来。‎ ‎2．Mr. Smith is always the_first_person_to_come_to_work every day.‎ 史密斯先生总是每天第一个来上班的人。‎ ‎3．We discouraged_him_from_giving_up_the_job,_but he didn't want to.‎ 我们劝他不要放弃那份工作，但他不肯。‎ ‎4．They speak English not_only_in_class_but_also_after_class.‎ 他们不仅在课堂上说英语，课后也说。‎ ‎5．It_was_his devotion to work that made people look up to him.‎ 是他对工作的奉献精神让人们敬佩他。‎