专题09+名词性从句(命题猜想)-2018年高考英语命题猜想与仿真押题

申明敬告: 本站不保证该用户上传的文档完整性,不预览、不比对内容而直接下载产生的反悔问题本站不予受理。

文档介绍

专题09+名词性从句(命题猜想)-2018年高考英语命题猜想与仿真押题

‎【考向解读】 ‎ 名词性从句是高考的必考点,它在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。单项填空题对名词性从句的考查集中在引导词上,其中连接代词that与what,if与whether是考查的重 点。解决名词性从句的问题的关键是:‎ 一、通过从句的位置 辨别从句的类型;‎ 二、分析从句,看看从句中所缺少的句子 成分和句意,最终确定选用合适的连接词。 ‎ ‎【命题热点突破一】 主语从句 ‎ ‎1.引导主语从句的连接词:连词that,whether等;连接代词what,who,whose,whatever,whichever,whoever等;连接副词when,where,why,how等。 ‎ ‎2.主语从句一般放在句首,但常用it作形式主语,而将主语从句移到句子的末尾。常见的句型有: ‎ ‎(1)It+be+形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain等)+that从句 ‎ ‎(2)It+be+名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)+that从句 ‎ ‎(3)It+be+过去分词(said/told/reported等)+that从句 ‎ ‎(4)It+不及物动词(seem,appear,happen,matter等)+that从句 例1.(2017·江苏卷改编) ________is known to us all is that Want Meng got three golden medals in Vancouver Winter Olympics.‎ ‎【解析】考查主语从句。what在主语从句中作is的主语。‎ ‎【答案】What ‎【举一反三】(2017·北京卷改编) ________I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.‎ ‎【答案】What ‎【变式探究】【2016·北京】24.Your support is important to our work. ________ you can do helps.‎ A. However B. Whoever C. Whatever D. Wherever ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】题目考查主语从句。helps是谓语,“________ you can do”是主语部分,即主语从句,在 主语从句中,do后缺少宾语,表示“任何事情”,因此用whatever引导,故选C。‎ ‎【考点】考查主语从句 ‎【易混辨析】 that与what引导名词性从句的区别 ‎ that在名词性从句中不能够充当句子成分,也没有含义;what可以在名词性从句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语,意思 是“什么,……的事情,什么样的”。that引导宾语从句有 时可以省略,引导其他名词性从句一般不省略,what引导名词性从句都不能省略。 ‎ What makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. ‎ 让这本书如此非凡的是作者创造性的想象力。(what在从句中作主语) ‎ It’s good to know that the dogs will be well cared for while we’re away.‎ 得知我们离开时狗会得到很好的照顾真好。(that在从句中不作成分) ‎ ‎【变式探究】 ‎ ‎— I will go to the party if I don’t have to dress up. ‎ ‎—Well,actually,it doesn’t matter________you’re dressed. ‎ A.what B.whether ‎ C.how D.when ‎ 解析:考查主语从句的用法。句意:——如果我不必打扮,我将参加晚会。——好,实际上,你如何打扮都没有关系。 题干中的it是形式主语,空后是主语从句,从句中 缺少方 式 状语,故选C。 ‎ 答案:C ‎【命题热点突破二】 宾语从句 ‎ ‎1.引导宾语从句的连接词:连词that,whether,if;连接代词what,who,whose,whatever,whichever,whoever等;连接副词when,where,why,how,从句用陈述语序。 ‎ ‎2.宾语从句一般放在及物动词或介词之后,但是,在下列情况下,须用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放 到形式宾 语 或宾补之后。 ‎ ‎(1)动词find/feel/think/consider/make+it+宾补(形容词或名词)+不定式/宾语从句 ‎ ‎(2)动词hate/like/dislike/appreciate+it+宾语从句 ‎ ‎(3)动词短语see to/depend on/insist on+it+宾语从句 ‎ ‎(4)固定搭配bring it to one’s attention/take it for granted that/owe it to sb.that+宾语从句 ‎ ‎3.一般情况下介词后只能用wh-类连接词引导宾语从句. 其他介词后面需要用that从句作宾语时,必须用it作形式宾语. ‎ ‎4.在doubt引导的宾语从句中,若主句为肯定句,宾语 从 ‎ 句的连接词用whether/if,若主句为否定句或疑问句,宾语从句的连接词用that。 ‎ ‎5.宾语从句的时态:一般情况下,宾语从句须与主句在时态上保持一致,即当主句是一般现在时时,从句可根据具 体 情况选用合适的时态;而当主句为过去时时,从句须用相 应 的过去时。当从句的内容为真 理或 客观事 实时, 须 用一般 现 在时。 ‎ Experts believe that people can waste less food by shopping ‎ only when it is necessary.专家们认为如果人们只在必要时购 ‎ 物,就会浪费较少的食物。 ‎ As many as five courses are provided,and you are free to ‎ choose whichever suits you best.提供了多达五门的课程,你 ‎ 可以任意选择最适合你的一门。 ‎ I hate it when they talk with their mouths full of food. ‎ 我讨厌他们满嘴食物说话。 ‎ We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。 ‎ I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every ‎ day.我认为我们每天多喝白开水是有必要的。 ‎ 例2.(2017·天津卷·单项填空) She asked me ________ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn't.‎ A. when B. where ‎ C. whether D. what ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎ 【解析】考查宾语从句。由“I admitted that I hadn't”可知书还没有还给图书馆,此处问是否已经还了,选C。句意:她问我是否已将那些书还给了图书馆,我承认没还。‎ ‎【变式探究】We must find out ________ Karl is coming,so we can book a room for him. ‎ A.when B.how ‎ C.where D.why ‎ 解析:考查宾语从句引导词的选择。句意:我们必须查明卡尔________会来,这样我们就能为他预订房间了。预订房间当然与卡尔来的时间息息相关,因此应该选择A项。 ‎ 答案:A ‎【变式探究】‎ It is the modern city set up in________was a wasteland ten years ago________attracts a lot of excellent people throughout China. ‎ A.what;which B.what;that ‎ C.which;that D.where;that ‎ ‎【命题热点突破三】 表语从句 ‎ ‎1.引导表语从句的连接词:连词that,whether,as if/though;连接代词what,who,whose,whatever, ‎ whichever,whoever等;连接副词when,where,why, how,从句用陈述语序。 ‎ ‎2.as if/as though意为“好像,仿佛”,引导的表语从句常 跟在系动词(如seem,appear,look,taste,sound,feel,smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况,从句用虚拟语气;若所述的是事实的或是极可能发生的情况,从句用陈述语气。 ‎ ‎3.This/That/It is why+从句(表结果) “这/那就是……的 原因” ‎ This/That/It is because+从句(表原因) “这/那是因为……” ‎ The reason why...is that+从句 “……的原因是……” ‎ The best moment for the football star was when he scored the winning goal.‎ 对这位足球明星来说,最好的时刻就是他踢进制胜球的那一刻。 ‎ From space,the earth looks blue.This is because about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.‎ 从太空中看,地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面约百分之七十一都被水覆盖着。 ‎ I’d like to start my own business—that’s what I’d do if I had the money. ‎ 我想自己做生意——那是我如果有钱就会做的事情。 ‎ The reason why he didn’t pass the exam was that he was too careless.‎ 他没有通过考试的原因是他太粗心了。 ‎ He was ill.That’s why he was absent. ‎ 他病了,那就是他缺席的原因。 ‎ It sounds as if you are from the south of the United States.‎ 听起来你好像来自美国南部。 ‎ 例3.【2016·北京】29. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free from dust.‎ A. what B. that C. whether D. why ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意:雨季最令人愉悦的就是人们可以完全不再受到沙尘的困扰。is后跟从句作表语,即表语从句,表语从句不缺少主语、谓语和宾语,因此用that,that只起引导作用,故选B。‎ ‎【考点】考查表语从句 ‎【变式探究】‎ ‎—Lily is often absent from school. ‎ ‎—Yes,she is.That’s ________ she is in poor health. ‎ A.why B.the reason ‎ C.because D.how ‎ 解析:分析句子结构可知,That’s 之后应为表语从句。 根据句意可知,健康状况不好是缺席的原因,故首先应排 除A项;B项不符合逻辑;D项不符合题意。 ‎ 答案:C ‎【命题热点突破四】同位语从句 ‎ ‎1.同位语从句通常用that引导,that无词义也不作成分, 但是不能省略,从句用陈述语序。同位语从句还可用whether,when,where,why,how等引导。 ‎ ‎2.接同位语从句的常见名词:fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,belief,thought,doubt,promise,question等。 ‎ ‎3.分隔式同位语从句。有时同位语从句的谓语较短,而从句内容较长,这时为避免“头重脚轻”,常常将谓语提到从句前面,形成分隔式同位语从句。 ‎ I made a promise to myself that this year,my first year in high school,would be different. ‎ 我给自己做出承诺:今年,是我上高中的第一年,将会与以往不同。 ‎ I have no idea where the journalist could have got his information from. ‎ 我不知道那个记者从哪里得到的消息。 ‎ When the news came that the war broke out,he decided to serve in the army. ‎ 当战争的消息传来时,他决定参军。 ‎ 例4.【2016·天津】11. The manager put forward a suggestion ____ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.‎ ‎ A. whether B. that C. which D. what ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意:经理提出一个建议,我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。使用同位语从句说明suggestion的内容,而且同位语从句成分和意思都是完整的。用that引导,that不作成分,只是起着连接的作用。故选B。‎ ‎【考点】考查同位语从句。‎ ‎【特别提醒】that 引导同位语从句和定语从句的区别: ‎ that引导定语从句时,that既起引导词的作用,又在从句中充当句子成分;如果在从句中作宾语that还可以省略,所修饰的名词指物时可用which替换。引导同位语从句时,that在从句中不充当任何句子成分,不能省略。 ‎ ‎【变式探究】‎ It came as a great surprise to the public________some state leaders’ cellphones might have been monitored by America’s National Security Agency. ‎ A.that B.whether ‎ C.what D.which ‎ 答案:A ‎【高考真题解读】‎ ‎1.(2017·江苏卷) ________is known to us all is that Want Meng got three golden medals in Vancouver Winter Olympics.‎ ‎【解析】考查主语从句。what在主语从句中作is的主语。‎ ‎【答案】What ‎2.(2017·北京卷) ________I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.‎ ‎【解析】句意:“我想告诉你的是我深爱我的父母并很尊重他们。”名词性从句的连词选用规则是:根据意思,缺什么就填什么,什么都不缺就填that。我们必须特别关注what所引导的名词性从句,what引导名词性从句时,必须在句中担当主、宾、表等成分,意思是“……的事或东西”,一般也不能用逗号和主句分割开来,插入语除外。‎ ‎【答案】What ‎3.(2017·北京卷·单项填空) Every year, ________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.‎ A. whatever B. whoever ‎ C. whomever D. whichever ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知,________ makes the most beautiful kite作主语,且所填词指人,既作从句的主语又作主句的主语,所以选 whoever(whomever不能作主语)。句意:每年, 在风筝节上风筝做得最漂亮的人都会赢得奖品。‎ ‎【2016·北京】24.Your support is important to our work. ________ you can do helps.‎ A. However B. Whoever C. Whatever D. Wherever ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】题目考查主语从句。helps是谓语,“________ you can do”是主语部分,即主语从句,在主语从句中,do后缺少宾语,表示“任何事情”,因此用whatever引导,故选C。‎ ‎【考点】考查主语从句 ‎【2016·北京】29. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free from dust.‎ A. what B. that C. whether D. why ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意:雨季最令人愉悦的就是人们可以完全不再受到沙尘的困扰。is后跟从句作表语,即表语从句,表语从句不缺少主语、谓语和宾语,因此用that,that只起引导作用,故选B。‎ ‎【考点】考查表语从句 ‎【2016·江苏】21.It is often the case ______anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.‎ A. why B. what C. as D. that ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意:通常对于那些心存希望的人来说一切皆有可能。此句中It为形式主语,that从句为真正的主语。故D项正确。‎ ‎【考点】考查主语从句 ‎【2016·天津】11. The manager put forward a suggestion ____ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.‎ ‎ A. whether B. that C. which D. what ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【考点】考查同位语从句。‎ ‎1.(2015·江苏,25) Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won't accept it.‎ 解析 句意:李白,一个伟大的中国诗人,其出生地是众所周知的,但也有一些人不接受它。从句where Li Bai was born作该句子的主语。‎ 答案 Where ‎2.(2015·湖南,26)You have to know you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.‎ 解析 句意:如果你要计划到达某地的最佳路线,你必须首先知道你想要去哪?where引导宾语从句,在从句中用作地点状语。‎ 答案 where ‎3.(2015·北京,33)I truly believe beauty comes from within.‎ 解析 句意:我真的相信美来自人的内心。宾语从句意思完整只缺连接词,故用that。‎ 答案 that ‎4.(2015·北京,35) we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.‎ 解析 句意:我们怎样理解事物与我们所感觉到的东西有很大关系。分析句子结构可知“ what we understand things”为主语从句,结合句意可知要用how。‎ 答案 How ‎5.(2015·浙江,6)If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to investigate is below the water surface.Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.‎ 解析 句意:如果你在河里或湖里游泳的话,务必调查清楚水面之下有什么。水中经常隐藏着石头或树枝。根据后面rocks and branches可知,此处要用what来引导。‎ 答案 what ‎6.(2015·重庆,8)We must find out Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.‎ 解析 句意:我们必须知道他什么时候来,以便我们能给他预定房间。根据后面的so we can book a room for him可知这里指时间,故用when引导。‎ 答案 when ‎7.(2015·陕西,19)Reading her biography,I was lost in admiration for Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.‎ 解析 句意:读了多丽丝·莱辛的传记,我很钦佩她在文学上获得的成就。考查名词性从句。考查宾语从句的连接词。在介词for后的是宾语从句,从句中缺少achieve的宾语,故用what引导。‎ 答案 what ‎8.(2015·四川,8)The exhibition tells us we should do something to stop air pollution.‎ 解析 考查宾语从句。句意:这个展览告诉了我们,我们为什么要阻止空气污染。宾语从句缺少状语,根据意义为why。‎ 答案 why ‎9.(2015·安徽,25)A ship in harbor is safe, but that's not ships are built for.‎ 答案 what ‎10.(2015·福建,29)—I wonder Mary has kept her figure after all these years.‎ ‎—By working out every day.‎ 解析 句意:——我想知道玛丽这些年是如何保持了那么好的身材。——通过每天锻炼。考查宾语从句的连接词。根据回答by doing可知是问的方式。‎ 答案 how
查看更多

相关文章

您可能关注的文档