2017届高考英语（外研版）一轮教师文档讲义：必修3-Module 6 Old and New

2017届高考英语（外研版）一轮教师文档讲义：必修3-Module 6 Old and New

‎ [话题素材]‎ 好词 ‎1．scenery n. 风景；景色　2.construction n. 建设 ‎3．disappear vi. 消失 4.enlarge vt. 扩大，扩充 ‎5．widen v. 加宽；使变宽 6.set up 创立，设立，开办 ‎7．take the place of... 取代，代替 8.turn...into... 把……变成……‎ ‎9．come into being 开始形成 10.speed up 加速 ‎ ‎11．pick up 拿起；继续；好转；接收信号；偶然习得 ‎12．make progress 取得进步 ‎13．fall behind 落后 ‎14．knock down 拆除；弄倒 ‎15．vary from...to... 从……到……之间变化 佳句 ‎1．I am deeply impressed by the great changes that_have_happened in the school over the past three years.‎ 我对学校近三年来发生的巨大的变化印象很深刻。‎ ‎2．Many hands make light work. We can work_wonders if we unite as a family, caring_for each other and helping those in need. Union_is_ strength.‎ 人多好干活，如果我们团结像一家，彼此关心，帮助需要的人我们定能创造奇迹。团结就是力量。‎ ‎3．It was ridiculous to_think that the computer will take_the_place_of humans in the future.‎ 认为将来电脑会取代人类是非常滑稽的。‎ ‎[精美语篇]‎ Great Changes I am deeply impressed by the great changes that have taken place in the school over the past three years. On May 12,2008, a severe earthquake destroyed almost everything in the school, and left badly－damaged buildings. It is now, however, taking on a new look. Tall buildings have been put up, including classrooms and laboratory buildings. There is also a newly－built standard playground. In the new environment, teachers and students are living happily and working hard. It is really amazing that the once－ruined place has now been turned into a beautiful school.‎ Obviously, without the help of the whole society, there would be no new school today. It is love and concern that have brought about the great changes.‎ Many hands make light work. We can work wonders if we unite as a family, caring for each other and helping those in need. Union is strength.‎ ‎ 高频单词 ‎1．date (vi.) 始于(某一历史时期)；注明日期；过时 ‎(n.) 日期；约会 ‎2．remove (vt.) 迁移；搬迁 ‎3．ridiculous (adj.) 荒唐的；可笑的 ‎4．enormous (adj.) 巨大的；庞大的 ‎5．crash (vi.) (飞机)失事；坠毁　(n.) 坠毁；破产 ‎6．accommodate (vt.) 容纳(乘客等)→accommodation (n.) 住处；住宿；膳食；供应 ‎7．construction (n.) 建造；建设；建筑→construct (vt.) 建造，建设 ‎8．generate (vt.) 发(电)→generation (n.) 产生；一代(人)‎ ‎9．historical (adj.) 历史的；有关历史的→historic (adj.) 有历史意义的→history (n.) 历史 ‎10．narrow (adj.) 狭窄的(v.) 变窄→narrowly (adv.) 狭窄地；勉强地 ‎11．poem (n.) 诗；诗歌→poet (n.) 诗人 ‎12．global (adj.) 全球的→globe (n.) 地球；地球仪 ‎13．freezing (adj.) 冷冰冰的；极冷的→freeze (vt.) 冷冻→frozen (adj.) 结冰的；冻结的 ‎14．foggy (adj.) 有浓雾的→fog (n.) 雾 ‎15．observatory (n.) 观察台→observe(v.) 观察→observation (n.) 观察 ‎ 重点短语 ‎1．dream_of/about　梦想；渴望 ‎2．hold_back 阻止 ‎3．make_sense 有意义；有道理 ‎4．bring_an_end_to 结束；终止 ‎5．come_true (梦想等)变成现实 ‎6．date_from/back_to 起源于，追溯到 ‎7．be_on_a_visit_to 正对……进行访问 ‎8．work_out 算出；解决；锻炼 ‎9．cross_out 画掉，删掉 ‎10．now_that 既然，由于 ‎ 热点句型 ‎1．It takes (sb.) some time to do sth. “花费某人……时间做某事”‎ It took_six_years_to_build and cost US$ 20 billion.(教材P51)‎ 它花费了六年的时间建成，耗资二百亿美元。‎ ‎2．be＋of＋n.＝be＋adj.‎ A temple is a place of_great_importance to Buddhists.(教材P52)‎ 对于佛教徒来说，寺庙是一个非常重要的地方。‎ ‎3．It is possible for sb. to do sth. “(某人)有可能做某事”‎ Is_it_possible_to_see the relics now that they have been submerged？(教材P52)‎ 既然这些遗迹都被淹没，还有再看到它们的可能吗？‎ ‎4．“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句 Mao Zedong wrote a poem in_which_he_dreamed_of “walls of stone to hold back clouds and rain till a smooth lake rises in the narrow gorges”．(教材P53)‎ 毛泽东写过一首词，在词中他想象了“更立西江石壁，截断巫山云雨，高峡出平湖”的壮丽景象。‎ ‎5．do you think用作插入语 Why_do_you_think_there_are so many tall buildings in the world now？(教材P59)‎ 你认为为什么世界上有那么多的高楼大厦？‎ ‎ 教材复现 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1．The power of the Yangtze River, which is the worlD s third ________ (long) river, has been harnessed by the Three Gorges Dam.‎ 答案：longest ‎2．Sun Yat－sen, ________ was the leader of the 1911 Revolution, first suggested the idea.‎ 答案：who ‎3．Unfortunately, ________ (burn) coal causes serious air pollution and increases global warming.‎ 答案：burning ‎4．The dam will generate electricity equal ________ about 40 million tons of coal without ________ (cause) so much air pollution.‎ 答案：to; causing ‎5．Some of them are being ________ (remove) and some are being ________ (put) into museums.‎ 答案：removed; put ‎6．I wanted to visit the house my grandparents lived ________.‎ 答案：in ‎7．The valley is now part of the reservoir ________ (create) by the Three Gorges Dam.‎ 答案：created ‎8．The people ________ (live) in the village have moved to other places.‎ 答案：living ‎9．Most of the tallest buildings in the world were built in the 1990s and in the twenty－first century, but the two tallest buildings in the US were built much ________ (early)．‎ 答案：earlier ‎10．In 1945, a US military plane, which was flying ________ Manhattan on a foggy day, crashed into the building just above the 78th floor.‎ 答案：over ‎1　　date　vi.始于(某一历史时期)　vt. 确定……的年代；注明日期于　n ‎．日期；约会 Most of the Great Wall dates from the Ming Dynasty (1368－1644)．(P51)‎ 长城的大部分始建于明朝(1368－1644)。‎ ‎(1)date from/back_to 起源于；追溯到……‎ ‎(2)set/fix a date for 确定……的日期 out_of date 过时的 up_to date 现代的；最新的 to date＝up_to now 到目前为止 uptodate 最新式的，现代的 ‎①[译林⑦－1]This model is the newest and most up_to_date.‎ 这一款是最新的，也是最时尚的。‎ ‎②[牛津高阶]The custom dates_back hundreds of years.‎ 这一习俗可以追溯到几百年前。‎ ‎③[2012·北京高考]I became a member of the company dating_back_to 1925.‎ 我成为那个公司的一员，这个公司可以追溯到1925年。‎ ‎④The news you told me was out_of_date but you thought it was up_to_date.‎ 你告诉我的新闻是过时的，但你却认为是最新的。‎ ‎－名师点睛－‎ date back to/from 常用于一般现在时，不用于被动语态。常用其现在分词形式作后置定语。‎ ‎2　　narrow　adj.狭窄的；狭隘的；勉强的　v．(使)变窄；缩小　n．(江、湖、河等的)狭窄处 Mao Zedong wrote a poem in which he dreamed of “walls of stone to hold back clouds and rain till a smooth lake rises in the narrow gorges”．(P53)‎ 毛泽东写过一首词，在词中，他想象了“更立西江石壁，截断巫山云雨，高峡出平湖”的壮丽景象。‎ ‎(1)a narrow escape 死里逃生，险些遇难 narrow majority/victory/defeat 微弱多数/险胜/勉强击败 ‎(2)narrowly adv. 勉强地 ‎(3)narrow down 缩小……的范围 ‎①[2013·北京高考]Leaping on a narrow balance beam is not easy.‎ 在狭窄的平衡木上跳跃决不容易。词性：形容词 ‎②[朗文词典]A woman had_a_narrow_escape yesterday when her car left the road.‎ 昨天一名女子驾车时冲上公路，险些丢了性命。词性：形容词 ‎③[朗文词典]He narrowed his eyes and gazed at the horizon.‎ 他眯起眼睛，凝望着地平线。词性：动词 ‎④[牛津高阶]One bullet struck his car, narrowly_missing him.‎ 一颗子弹击中了他的汽车，差点打中他。‎ ‎⑤Parents and children should communicate more to narrow_the_gap between them so that they can understand each other better.‎ 父母和孩子应该多交流，以缩小他们之间的隔阂，以便他们能更好地相互理解。‎ ‎3　　remove　v．迁移，搬迁；移开，搬开；除去，开除　n．移动，升级 Some of them are being removed and some are being put into museums.(P53)‎ 一些古迹正在搬迁，一些正被放进博物馆里。‎ 易混辨析 remove 强调完全放弃原来的地方而到达新的位置，有时相当于take away/off。remove还有“开除，除去”的含义 move 强调位置和姿态的改变。表示“迁居”时，两者均可用 图解助记 写出下列各句中remove的意思 ‎①[牛津高阶]He removed his hand from her shoulder.‎ ‎________‎ ‎②[牛津高阶]She removed her glasses and rubbed her eyes.‎ ‎________‎ ‎③[人教②－1]The Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room.‎ ‎________‎ ‎④[现代英语用法词典]They therefore removed him from his position.‎ ‎________‎ ‎⑤Remove my name from your mailing list.________‎ 答案：①移开；拿开　②摘下　③搬走；移动　④撤职，辞退 ‎⑤去掉，消除 过关演练 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式 ‎1．Several companies have announced their intention to compete for the ________ (construct) project.‎ 答案：construction　句意：好几家公司已透露他们要竞争这个建筑工程的意图。‎ ‎2．They are living with their parents because their own house is still ________ construction.‎ 答案：under　(be) under construction 意为“在建造中”。‎ ‎3．[2013·课标全国卷Ⅰ]A researcher ________ (remove) the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced.‎ 答案：removes　句意：研究员移走卡片，用另外一张代替，这次黑点的位置不同。考查谓语动词的第三人称单数形式。‎ ‎4．[2014·四川高考]I was wrapped heavily and well sheltered from the ________ (freeze) and blowing weather.‎ 答案：freezing　句意：我包裹得很严实，能很好地抵御严寒大风天气。freezing为形容词，意为“极冷的；冰冻的”。‎ ‎5．[2013·四川高考]Soon afterward, waves ________ (crash) over the boat, and it began to sink.‎ 答案：crashed　句意：不久之后，波浪撞翻了船，船开始下沉。此处的时态应和began保持一致，故用一般过去时。‎ ‎6．[2013·江西高考]Those who travel to fishing spots pay for ________ (accommodate) and airfares.‎ 答案：accommodation　句意：那些到钓鱼地旅游的人支付食宿和空乘费。accommodation为名词意为“住处，膳宿”。‎ ‎7．[2016·太原模拟]Every year, a great many visitors come to visit the temple ________ (date) from the 12th century, ________ has brought a large income.‎ 答案：dating; which　句意：每年，大量的游客来参观这座可追溯到十二世纪的古庙，从而带来了可观的收入。‎ ‎8．The final score of the basketball match was 93－94. We were only ________ (narrow) beaten.‎ 答案：narrowly　be narrowly beaten 意为“以微弱差距被击败”。‎ ‎9．I have never dreamed of there ________(be) such a good hotel in this town.‎ 答案：being　dream of doing意为“梦想做某事”。‎ ‎10.It's difficult to travel through the town on a ______ (fog) morning.‎ 答案：foggy　考查形容词的用法。‎ ‎1　　make sense 有意义；有道理；讲得通 If you take away the relative clauses, do the sentences still make sense？(P54)‎ 如果你去掉定语从句，句子仍然有意义吗？‎ ‎ make sense of 了解……的意义；懂得 in a sense 在某一方面；就某种意义来讲 in no sense 决不(置于句首时句子要部分倒装)‎ common sense 常识 a sense of security/humour/direction 安全感/幽默感/方向感 There is no sense in_(doing)_sth. 做某事是没有意义的(口语) ‎ ‎①[2014·重庆高考改编]What you do can make people laugh, your best defense is a_sense_of_humor.‎ 当你的所作所为让人们发笑时，你最好的保护自己的方法就是要有幽默感。‎ ‎②Planning so far ahead makes_no_sense－so many things will have changed by next year.‎ 提前这么久做计划没有意义——许多事情到第二年可能都已经变了。‎ ‎③[朗文词典]Can you make_sense_of this article?‎ 你能看懂这篇文章吗？‎ ‎④[现代英语用法词典]No matter how you read it, this sentence doesn't make_sense.‎ 不管你怎么读，这个句子都讲不通。‎ ‎－名师点睛－‎ make sense的主语常为物，make sense of的主语一般是人。‎ 过关演练 选词填空 work out； make sense； hold back； date from； provide...for； live a ...life； dream of； bring an end ‎1．What he said didn't ________ any ________ to me.‎ 答案：make; sense ‎2．He regularly ________ in the gym.‎ 答案：works out ‎3．Our kids don't ________ because they're afraid to fail.‎ 答案：hold back ‎4．All the photographs in this book, unless stated otherwise, ________ the 1950s.‎ 答案：date from ‎5．[2015·陕西高考]Our annual English Festival is now looking for 20 student volunteers to ________ service ________ Talent Show, Speech Contest, and English Debate.‎ 答案：provide; for ‎6．In the old society, the peasants ______hard ______.‎ 答案：lived a; life ‎7．He ________ being famous one day.‎ 答案：dreams of ‎8．We must ________to the boring meeting.‎ 答案：bring an end ‎1　　Why_do_you_think there are so many tall buildings in the world now？(P59)‎ 你认为为什么现在世界上有这么多的高层建筑呢？‎ do you think在句中作插入语，有类似用法的动词还有：‎ hope， believe， suppose， guess， say， suggest等。,常见的句型结构有：‎ (1)特殊疑问词＋插入语＋句子其他部分(陈述语序) (2)特殊疑问词(作主语)＋插入语＋疑问句剩余部分(语序不变) ‎①Why do_you_think the earth's temperature keeps rising?‎ 你认为地球的温度为什么持续上升？‎ ‎②When do_you_suppose they will come back?‎ 你认为他们什么时候将会回来？‎ ‎③[2015·四川高考]What do_you_think I should do?‎ 你认为我该做什么？‎ 过关演练 完成句子 ‎1．When ______________ be held?‎ 你认为会议何时会被召开？‎ 答案：do you think the meeting will ‎2．Now ________ fly to the moon in a spaceship.‎ 现在乘坐宇宙飞船到月球是有可能的了。‎ 答案：it is possible (for people) to ‎3．Believe it or not, ______________.‎ 信不信由你，说实话需要很大的勇气。‎ 答案：it takes great courage to tell the truth ‎4．Tom studies harder ________________ in his class.‎ 汤姆是他班上学习最用功的学生。‎ 答案：than any other student ‎5．Can you ______________？‎ 你明白我说的话了吗？‎ 答案：make sense of what I said 限制性和非限制性定语从句的用法及 定语从句的缩略和省略形式 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 类别 意义 功能 形式 关系词 限制 性定 语从 句 起限制性作用，省略后原句句意不完整 修饰先行词 通常接先行词，后无逗号 用that, which, who, whom, whose, as, where, when, why引导，作宾语的关系代词可省略 非限 制性 定语 从句 起补充说明作用，省略后原句意不受影响 修饰先行词，也可修饰先行句 有逗号，与主句分开 用除that/why的关系词，且关系词不可省 as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别 ‎(1)指代不同：which可指代先行词或先行句；as作为关系代词先行词只能是个句子；‎ ‎(2)位置不同：as可放在主句前、中、后，而which一般只放在主句后；‎ ‎(3)语态比较：as 在从句中作主语或宾语时，一般形成由被动语态构成的固定结构，如：as is said above (如上所述), as may be imagined (正如可以想象出来的那样), as is well known(众所周知), as was expected(正如预料的那样)……。which多用于主动语态。‎ ‎1．[2013·山东高考]There is no simple answer, ________is often the case in science.‎ 答案：as 定语从句的缩略和省略形式 ‎(1)限制性定语从句中，关系代词作宾语时可省略；‎ ‎(2)有时为了行文需要，定语从句中的关系代词和部分谓语动词可省略。‎ The people (who were) living in the village have moved to other places.‎ 生活在这个村庄的人已经搬到了其他地方。‎ ‎2．单句改错 ‎[2014·北京高考改编]I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, my classmates recommended to me.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：在my前加which 过关演练 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)‎ ‎1．After graduation, I decided to stay in Chongqing, ________ I spent my childhood and four years of college life.‎ 答案：where ‎2．The air quality in the city, ________ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.‎ 答案：as ‎3．[2013·辽宁高考]He may win the competition, in ________ case he is likely to get into the national team.‎ 答案：which ‎4．Albert Einstein left Germany for the United States, during World WarⅡ， ________ Jews were badly treated in Germany.‎ 答案：when ‎5．He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother, ________ he loved and respected as his own mother.‎ 答案：whom