2020年高考真题——英语（浙江卷） Word版含解析

2020年高考真题——英语（浙江卷） Word版含解析

英语试题 选择题部分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)‎ 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。‎ 第一节(共5小题:每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ 例:How much is the shirt?‎ A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15.‎ 答案是C。‎ ‎1.What will the speakers do tonight?‎ A. Visit Mary. B. Go out of town. C. Host a dinner.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎2.How does the woman go to work this week?‎ A. By car. B. By bike. C. On foot.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎3.What time does Dave's meeting start?‎ A At 8:30. B. At 9:00. C. At 10:00.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎4.What is Helen going to do?‎ A. Buy some books. B. Study in the library. C. Attend a history - 21 -‎ ‎ class.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎5.What is the woman's feeling now?‎ A. Relief. B. Regret. C. Embarrassment.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】本题为听力题,解析略。‎ 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎6. What is Tom busy doing?‎ A. Raising money. B. Writing a lab report. C. Giving classes to children.‎ ‎7. Who might be able to help Tom this week?‎ A. Mike. B. Cathy. C. Jane.‎ ‎【答案】6. A 7. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎8. Why is Jack leaving early?‎ A. To avoid getting stuck in traffic.‎ B. To enjoy the scenery on the way.‎ C. To buy some gifts for his family.‎ ‎9. What does Judy often do at the railway station?‎ A. Read books. B. Call some friends. C. Look around the - 21 -‎ ‎ shops.‎ ‎10. What are the speakers mainly talking about?‎ A. What to do next year.‎ B. Where to go for vacations.‎ C. How to pass the waiting time.‎ ‎【答案】8. A 9. C 10. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】本题听力题，解析略。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎11. Why does Bill look troubled?‎ A. He is short of money.‎ B. He has made a big mistake.‎ C. He is facing a tough choice.‎ ‎12. What is Bill now?‎ A. A college student. B. An army officer. C. A computer engineer.‎ ‎13. What does the woman seem to suggest Bill do?‎ A. Learn to repair cars. B. Decline the job offer. C. Ask his uncle for advice.‎ ‎【答案】11. C 12. A 13. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎14. What is the woman recommending to the man?‎ A. A writer. B. A club. C. A course.‎ ‎15. What is the woman reading now?‎ A. The Beautiful Mind. B. The Great Gatsby. C. The Kite Runner.‎ ‎16. How much time does the man have to read the book?‎ A. Two weeks. B. Three weeks. C. Four weeks.‎ ‎【答案】14. B 15. C 16. A - 21 -‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】本题为听力题 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。‎ ‎17. What is the speaker doing?‎ A. Reporting a study. B. Chairing a meeting. C. Teaching a class.‎ ‎18. What should you pay most attention to when taking notes?‎ A. Listening. B. Reading. C. Writing.‎ ‎19. What is an advantage of using symbols in note-taking?‎ A. It keeps information secret.‎ B. It leaves space for future use.‎ C. It makes key words noticeable.‎ ‎20. What will the speaker do next?‎ A. Ask a few questions. B. Show some notes. C. Make a summary.‎ ‎【答案】17. C 18. A 19. C 20. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。‎ 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节(共10小题:每小题2.5分，满分25分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。‎ A I am an active playgoer and play-reader, and perhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of sharing my enthusiasm for the theater with others. To do this I have searched through dozens of plays to find the ones that I think best show the power and purpose of the short play.‎ Each play has a theme or central idea which the playwright(剧作家) hopes to get across through dialogue and action. A few characters are used to create a single impression growing out of the theme. It is not my intention to point out the central theme of each of the plays in this collection, for that would, indeed, ruin the pleasure of reading, discussing, and thinking about the plays and the effectiveness of the playwright. However, a variety of types is represented here. These include comedy, satire, poignant drama, historical and regional drama. To show the versatility(多面性) of the - 21 -‎ ‎ short play, I have included a guidance play, a radio play and a television play.‎ Among the writers of the plays in this collection, Paul Green, Susan Glaspell, Maxwell Anderson, Thornton Wilder, William Saroyan, and Tennessee Williams have all received Pulitzer Prizes for their contributions to the theater. More information about the playwrights will be found at the end of this book.‎ To get the most out of reading these plays, try to picture the play on stage, with you, the reader, in the audience. The houselights dim(变暗). The curtains are about to open, and in a few minutes the action and dialogue will tell you the story.‎ ‎21. What do we know about the author from the first paragraph?‎ A. He has written dozens of plays. B. He has a deep love for the theater.‎ C. He is a professional stage actor. D. He likes reading short plays to others.‎ ‎22. What does the author avoid doing in his work?‎ A. Stating the plays’ central ideas. B. Selecting works by famous playwrights.‎ C. Including various types of plays. D. Offering information on the playwrights.‎ ‎23. What does the author suggest readers do while reading the plays?‎ A. Control their feelings. B. Apply their acting skills.‎ C. Use their imagination. D. Keep their audience in mind.‎ ‎24. What is this text?‎ A. A short story. B. An introduction to a book.‎ C. A play review. D. An advertisement for a theater.‎ ‎【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者的书籍的序言部分，包括其编写目的，书籍内容主体，以及如何实现有乐趣的阅读本书的建议。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“…and perhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of sharing my enthusiasm for the theater with others”可知，作者编辑这本书的最好的原因是希望与他人分享对戏剧的热情，因此可知作者对于戏剧饱含热情。故选B项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ - 21 -‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“It is not my intention to point out the central theme of each of the plays in this collection, for that would, indeed, ruin the pleasure of reading, discussing, and thinking about the plays and the effectiveness of the playwright.”可知，作者并不想指出这本书中每一部戏剧的中心主题，因为那样确实会破坏阅读、讨论和思考戏剧以及剧作家的有效性的乐趣。A项“Stating the plays’ central ideas(陈述戏剧的中心思想)”与原文表达信息一致。故选A项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章末尾段内容“To get the most out of the reading these plays, try to picture the play on stage, with you, the reader, in the audience.”可知，作者建议读者试着想象戏剧在舞台上上演，不再是读者而是成为观众，才能实现最佳的阅读乐趣。C项“Use their imagination”与原文“try to picture the play on the stage”表达信息一致。故选C项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章首段内容“I am an active playgoer and play-reader, and perhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of sharing my enthusiasm for the theater with others”可知，该句内容应是书籍的“自序”内容，且结合末尾“To get the most out of the reading these plays, try to picture the play on stage, with you, the reader, in the audience.”可知，在讲述如何更好地实现阅读乐趣，再结合全文内容可推知，作者通过该文章介绍自己的一本书。故选B项。‎ B The traffic signals along Factoria Boulevard in Bellevue, Washington, generally don't flash the same length of green twice in a row, especially at rush hour. At 9:30am, the full red/yellow/green signal cycle might be 140 seconds. By 9:33am, a burst of additional traffic might push it to 145 seconds. Less traffic at 9:37am could push it down to 135. Just like the traffic itself, the timing of the signals changes.‎ That is by design. Bellevue, a fast-growing city just east of Seattle, uses a system that is gaining popularity around the US: intersection(十字路口) signals that can adjust in real time to traffic conditions. These lights, known as adaptive signals, have led to significant declines in both the trouble and cost of travels between work and home.‎ ‎“Adaptive signals can make sure that the traffic demand that is there is being addressed, ” says Alex Stevanovic, a researcher at Florida Atlantic University.‎ For all of Bellevue’s success, adaptive signals are not a cure-all for jammed roadways. Kevin - 21 -‎ ‎ Balke, a research engineer at the Texas A&M University Transportation Institute, says that while smart lights can be particularly beneficial for some cities, others are so jammed that only a sharp reduction in the number of cars on the road will make a meaningful difference. “It’s not going to fix everything, but adaptive signals have some benefits for smaller cities,” he says.‎ In Bellevue, the switch to adaptive signals has been a lesson in the value of welcoming new approaches. In the past, there was often an automatic reaction to increased traffic: just widen the roads, says Mark Poch, the Bellevue Transportation Department’s traffic engineering manager. Now he hopes that other cities will consider making their streets run smarter instead of just making them bigger.‎ ‎25. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A. Increased length of green lights. B. Shortened traffic signal cycle.‎ C. Flexible timing of traffic signals. D. Smooth traffic flow on the road.‎ ‎26. What does Kevin Balke say about adaptive signals?‎ A. They work better on broad roads.‎ B. They should be used in other cities.‎ C. They have greatly reduced traffic on the road.‎ D. They are less helpful in cities seriously jammed.‎ ‎27. What can we learn from Bellevue’s success?‎ A. It is rewarding to try new things. B. The old methods still work today.‎ C. I pays to put theory into practice. D. The simplest way is the best way.‎ ‎【答案】25. C 26. D 27. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。美国华盛顿州的Bellevue采用了能随交通状况而调节交通灯时间的适应性信号灯，大大缓解了交通压力，也表明人们对于交通阻塞问题不再只是拓宽道路，而是能够采用新方法。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 指代猜测题。That位于第二段句首，应是指代第一段的内容。根据第一段内容尤其是第一段最后一句“Just like the traffic itself, the timing of the signals changes.(就像交通本身一样，信号灯的时间也会变化)”可知，第一段主要讲述的是信号灯的时间会灵活变化；“That is by design.”意为“那是有意为之”，由此可推知，That指代第一段中“信号灯的灵活时间”。故选C项。‎ - 21 -‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句中“adaptive signals are not a cure-all for jammed roadways(但自适应信号并不是解决拥堵道路的万能药)”及第二句中“others are so jammed that only a sharp reduction in the number of cars on the road will make a meaningful difference(其他城市交通堵塞如此严重，只有减少道路上的车辆才能起有意义的作用) ”可推知，Kevin Balke认为适应性信号灯对于交通堵塞很严重的城市没有太大帮助。故选D项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“These lights, known as adaptive signals, have led to significant declines in both the trouble and cost of travels between work and home.(这些灯，被称为适应性信号灯，已经大大减少了通勤的麻烦和花费)”最后一段第一句“In Bellevue, the switch to adaptive signals has been a lesson in the value of welcoming new approaches.(在Bellevue，对适应性信号灯的转变是一个在欢迎新方法的价值方面的榜样)”可推知，从Bellevue的成功中可以得出，尝试新事物是值得的。故选A项。‎ C Challenging work that requires lots of analytical thinking, planning and other managerial skills might help your brain stay sharp as you age, a study published Wednesday in the journal Neurology suggests.‎ Researchers from the University of Leipzig in Germany gathered more than 1, 000 retired workers who were over age 75 and assessed the volunteers’ memory and thinking skills through a battery of tests. Then, for eight years, the scientists asked the same group to come back to the lab every 18 months to take the same sorts of tests.‎ Those who had held mentally stimulating(刺激), demanding jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the tests. And they tended to lose cognitive(认知) function at a much slower rate than those with the least mentally challenging jobs. The results held true even after the scientists accounted for the participants’ overall health status.‎ ‎“This works just like physical exercise, ” says Francisca Then, who led the study. “After a long run, you may feel like you’re in pain, you may feel tired. But it makes you fit. After a long day at work-sure, you will feel tired, but it can help your brain stay healthy. ”‎ It's not just corporate jobs, or even paid work that can help keep your brain fit, Then points out. A waiter’s job, for example, that requires multitasking, teamwork and decision-making could be just as - 21 -‎ ‎ stimulating as any high-level office work. And “running a family household requires high-level planning and coordinating(协调), ” she says. “You have to organize the activities of the children and take care of the bills and groceries. ”‎ Of course, our brains can decline as we grow older for lots of reasons-including other environmental influences or genetic factors. Still, continuing to challenge yourself mentally and keeping your mind busy can only help.‎ ‎28. Why did the scientists ask the volunteers to take the tests?‎ A. To assess their health status. B. To evaluate their work habits.‎ C. To analyze their personality. D. To measure their mental ability.‎ ‎29. How does Francisca Then explain her findings in paragraph 4?‎ A. By using an expert’s words. B. By making a comparison.‎ C. By referring to another study. D. By introducing a concept.‎ ‎30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?‎ A. Retired Workers Can Pick Up New Skills B. Old People Should Take Challenging Jobs C. Your Tough Job Might Help Keep You Sharp D. Cognitive Function May Decline As You Age ‎【答案】28. D 29. B 30. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。《神经病学》杂志发布的一则研究显示，需要大量的分析思考、细致规划和其他管理技能有挑战性的工作，有可能会帮助你的大脑随着年龄的增长而保持敏锐。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Researchers from the University of Leipzig in Germany gathered more than 1,000 retired workers who were over age 75 and assessed the volunteers’ memory and thinking skills through a battery of tests.(来自德国莱比锡大学的研究人员召集了1000多名75岁以上的退休老人，并通过一系列的测试对他们的记忆力和思维能力进行了评估。)”可知，科学家让志愿者做测试是为了测试他们的心智能力。故选D项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段中Francisca Then说的话“This works just like physical exercise,(‎ - 21 -‎ ‎ 这就像体育锻炼一样有效。)”及接下来进一步的解释“长跑后人就会感到痛苦和疲惫，但它确实能强身健体。工作一天下来会感到劳累，但这也使你的大脑处于健康状态”可知，Francisca Then是通过与“身体锻炼”作比较来解释他的发现的。故选B项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。第一段“Challenging work that requires lots of analytical thinking, planning and other managerial skills might help your brain stay sharp as you age(需要大量的分析思考、细致规划和其他管理技能有挑战性的工作，有可能会帮助你的大脑随着年龄的增长而保持敏锐。)”是本文的主题句，结合全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了有挑战性的工作可能会使大脑保持敏捷，所以C项“困难的工作可能有助于大脑保持敏捷”适合作本文标题。故选C项。‎ 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ I experienced years of loneliness as a child. ___31___ His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine. With no other kids of my age in the neighborhood, I had to spend hours by myself.‎ A bright spot for me turned out to be reading. My love of the written word began early as my mother read to me every evening. ___32___ I started reading books on my own before age 5 and my mother took me to the public library once a week to borrow several books. I quickly graduated from typical children’s books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters. Reading opened new worlds to me. ___33___ ‎ My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted. I tried making toy cars with cardboard boxes and constructing buildings from leftover cardboard and bits of wood my father gave me. When my mother saw my creations, she told me how creative my designs were. ___34___ I learned a lot about how to extend the life of objects and transform them into something new and useful. It was a trait(特点) others found helpful, and I soon had friends who wanted to make things with me.‎ ‎___35___My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside, no matter the weather or season. My brother, of course, raced off to be with his friends, while I had plenty to do myself. There was making leaf houses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and so much more. They’re all memories I treasure today.‎ A. I wasn't alone any longer.‎ B. I enjoyed reading stories aloud.‎ - 21 -‎ C. I was invited to play with another kid.‎ D. I loved the colorful photographs in the books.‎ E. Another habit I formed early was being outdoors.‎ F. Thus, I began my lifelong interest in making things.‎ G. My older brother couldn’t be bothered to play with me.‎ ‎【答案】31. G 32. D 33. A 34. F 35. E ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者养成几个生活习惯的原因。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 设空在段中，应是承前启后句。根据后文“His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine”可知，设空句应提及“his”的身份，即G项中的“My elder brother”，且G项“我哥哥懒得和我一起玩”在此起到了承上启下的作用。故选G项。故选G项。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 根据前句提到“我对文字的爱始于母亲每天晚上给我读故事的时候”可知，D项“我喜欢书中的彩色照片”和上句构成进一步说明。同时D项中的“书”指代上句提到的母亲每天给我读故事的书。D项切题。故选D项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 根据前句提到“阅读为我打开了新世界”可知，A项“我不在孤独”和上句构成了因果关系。A项切题。故选A项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 根据前句“当我的母亲看到我的创作时，她说我的设计很有创意”可知，F项“于是，我开始对制造东西产生了长久的兴趣”和上句构成因果关系，我正是在听了母亲那句话后才开始了对制造东西产生兴趣。F项切题。故选F项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 根据后句“无论天气或季节，我的父母都要让他们的两个孩子花时间在户外”可知，E项“我很早养成的另一个习惯是去户外”和前句表示因果逻辑。作者有去户外的习惯是因为后句提到的父母的影响。E项切题。故选E项。‎ 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ - 21 -‎ 第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。‎ I’ve been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years. I use a small tractor to get about. My dog Don always sits beside me in the passenger scat.‎ One morning I ___36___ a lost lamb when I was in the top field，near where a motorway cuts through my land. The lamb had become separated from its ___37___ , so I jumped out of the tractor to ___38___ it while Don stayed in his scat.‎ Lamb and mother ___39___ , I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me. This was so ___40___ because I had put the handbrake on when I jumped out. ___41___ Don had somehow made the ___42___move.‎ My heart froze in my chest as I ___43___ the tractor heading towards the ___44___ .I ran desperately but failed to _____45_____. It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared. The _____46_____ thing I saw was Don’s face, looking calmly back at me.‎ Heart in mouth, I _____47_____ the fence and looked over. The tractor was _____48_____against the crash barrier in the central reservation, having miraculously(奇迹般地) crossed the _____49_____ road with fast-flowing traffic. I couldn’t see Don, but as I _____50_____ the tractor he jumped out onto the road, apparently _____51_____ , and dashed back to me.‎ The police _____52_____ and the motorway ran normally again. I couldn't quite believe my _____53_____ it turned out no one got badly hurt, but the outcome could have been _____54_____ .Don was given a special _____55_____ that night—I didn’t want him thinking I was angry with him.‎ ‎36. A. dropped B. spotted C. carried D. returned ‎37. A. kids B. friends C. owner D. mother ‎38. A. ask about B. play with C. tend to D. run into ‎39. A. freed B. switched C. reunited D. examined ‎40 A‎. unexpected B. dangerous C. embarrassing D. difficult ‎41. A. Fortunately B. Generally C. Immediately D. Obviously ‎42. A. lamb B. vehicle C. seat D. fence ‎43. A. saw B. stopped C. remembered D. drove - 21 -‎ ‎44. A. crowd B. motorway C. field D. hill ‎45. A. take off B. catch up C. hold back D. get out ‎46. A. real B. best C. basic D. last ‎47. A. fixed B. noticed C. reached D. closed ‎48. A. resting B. running C. parking D. turning ‎49. A. sleep B. long C. rough D. busy ‎50. A. abandoned B. approached C. recognized D. repaired ‎51. A. unclean B. uncertain C. unhurt D. unhappy ‎52. A. arrived B. replied C. survived D. waited ‎53. A. ability B. dream C. luck D. idea ‎54. A. common B. confusing C. desirable D. awful ‎55. A. meal B. test C. job D. lesson ‎【答案】36. B 37. D 38. C 39. C 40. A 41. D 42. B 43. A 44. B 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. A 49. D 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. C 54. D 55. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者开车带着它的狗去田地，路上发现了一只和它妈妈走散的小羊。作者下车去照看小羊，把自己的狗留在了车上。后来，作者帮助小羊找到了妈妈，谁知竟发现自己的狗开着拖拉机冲到了高速路上。作者赶紧沿途追赶，害怕造成严重的后果。幸运的是，最后没有人受伤。这真是一个奇迹！‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，我在山顶的田野里发现了一只迷路的小羊，那里有一条高速公路穿过我的田地。A. dropped下降；B. spotted发现；C. carried搬； D. returned返回。下文说小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我是无意中发现了一只迷路的小羊。故选B。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照看它，而Don还坐在它的座位上。A. kids小孩；B. friends朋友；C. owner主人；D. mother妈妈。根据下文Lamb and mother，可知小羊是和它的妈妈走散了。故选D。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照看它，而Don - 21 -‎ 还坐在它的座位上。A. ask about询问；B. play with同……一起玩；C. tend to照看；D. run into撞上。上文说小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以可以推测出我跳下拖拉机去照看它。故选C。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，我转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了我。A. freed使自由；B. switched转变；C. reunited重聚；D. examined检查。下文说我转过身去看拖拉机，因为小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，所以我才有心思去看我的拖拉机。故选C。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这太出乎意料了，因为我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹。A. unexpected出乎意料的；B. dangerous危险的；C. embarrassing使人尴尬的；D. difficult困难的。上文说我看见拖拉机突然离开了我，下文说我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹，所以这是让人出乎意料的事情。故选A。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Generally通常；C. Immediately立即；D. Obviously显然。根据while Don stayed in his seat可知我跳下车，照顾小羊的时候，Don还坐在它的座位上。那么，很显然，是Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。故选D。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：显然，Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。A. lamb小羊；B. vehicle车辆；C. seat座位；D. fence栅栏。根据I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me.可知我转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了我。所以这里指的是Don开走了我的车。故选B。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我的心都僵在胸口。A. saw看到；B. stopped停止；C. remembered记得；D. drove驾驶。下文说，我拼命地追，所以我是看到了拖拉机朝高速公路开去。故选A。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我的心都僵在胸口。A. crowd人群；B. motorway高速公路；C. field旷野；D. hill小山。根据near where a motorway cuts through my land.和having miraculously (奇迹般地) crossed the…road with fast-flowing traffic.可知拖拉机是朝高速公路开去。故选B。‎ - 21 -‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我拼命地跑，但没能追上。A. take off 起飞； B. catch up追上； C. hold back阻止；D. get out出去。根据I ran desperately以及下文It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared.可知我没有追上拖拉机。故选B。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我最后看到的是Don的脸，它平静地看着我。A. real真实的；B. best最好的； C. basic基本的；D. last最后的。Don平静地看着我，这是我最后看到的事情。故选D。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心都提到嗓子眼了，我抵达栅栏，仔细检查。A. fixed固定；B. noticed注意； C. reached抵达；D. closed关。根据and looked over可知我是抵达了栅栏。故选C。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：拖拉机正靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上，奇迹般地穿过了车流如水的繁忙道路。A. resting 倚靠；B. running跑； C. parking停车；D. turning转动。根据the crash barrier in the central reservation可知拖拉机是靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上。故选A。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拖拉机正靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上，奇迹般地穿过了车流如水的繁忙道路。A. steep陡峭的；B. long长的；C. rough粗糙的；D. busy繁忙的。根据fast-flowing traffic可知这条高速公路非常繁忙。故选D。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看不见Don，但当我接近拖拉机时，它跳上了马路，显然没有受伤，冲回我身边。A. abandoned抛弃； B. approached 接近;C. recognized意识到；D. repaired修理。下文说我的狗冲回我身边，所以我必定是接近了拖拉机。故选B。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看不见Don，但当我接近拖拉机时，它跳上了马路，显然没有受伤，冲回我身边。A. unclean不洁的；B. uncertain不确定的；C. unhurt没有受伤的；D. unhappy不快乐的。根据下文no one got badly hurt可知我的狗没有受伤。故选C。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：警察来了，高速公路的运行又恢复了正常。A. arrived到达；B. replied - 21 -‎ 回答；C. survived幸存；D. waited等待。下文说高速公路的运行又恢复了正常，可知是警察到达，处理了情况。故选A。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不能完全相信我的运气，结果没有人受重伤，但后果可能是可怕的。A. ability 能力；B. dream梦想； C. luck运气；D. idea想法。我的狗驾驶着拖拉机上了车水马龙的高速路，结果却没有人受伤，所以我不相信我有这么好的运气。故选C。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不能完全相信我的运气，结果没有人受重伤，但后果可能是可怕的。A. common普通的；B. confusing混乱的；C. desirable令人向往的；D. awful可怕的。根据上文作者的极度担忧My heart froze in my chest和Heart in mouth以及生活常识，动物开车上了高速路，结果可能是非常可怕的。故选D。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Don那天晚上被给予了一顿特别的晚餐——我不想让它认为我生它的气。A. meal一餐；B. test测验；C. job工作； D. lesson教训。根据下文I didn't want him thinking I was angry with him.可知我不想让它认为我生它的气，所以我给它提供了一顿特别的晚餐。故选A。‎ 非选择题部分 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Some time after 10，000 BC，people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived ___56___ ，through agriculture. Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on ___57___ could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.‎ Farming produced more food per person ___58___ hunting and gathering，so people were able to raise more children. And，as more children were born，more food ___59___(need). Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology ___60___(change)lives.‎ By about 6000 BC，people ___61___ (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later，they learned to work with the ___62___ (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas， ___63___ (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.‎ - 21 -‎ This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then，with ___64___ rise of science，changes began. New methods _____65_____ (mean)that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so，these changes have accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers(化肥)have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age.‎ ‎【答案】56. in 57. what ‎ ‎58. than 59. was needed ‎ ‎60. to change ‎ ‎61. had discovered ‎ ‎62. seasons ‎ ‎63. making 64. the ‎ ‎65. meant.‎ ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了农业的发展历史。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：公元前10000年以后，人们第一次真正尝试通过农业来控制他们所居住的世界。分析可知，“they lived _____”应是之前名词the world 的定语从句，定语从句引导词被省略，可推知先行词应是在从句中作宾语，即：they lived in the world. live in+名词，意为“居住在某地”。故填in。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 考查名词性从句。句意：在几千年的时间里，他们开始减少对我们从野外采集的猎物的依赖，而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。分析句子，宾语从句部分缺主语，所以引导词应为“连接代词”。根据句意，此处缺“什么”之意。故填what。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。句意：农业比狩猎和采集的人均粮食产量更高。结合句意可知，此句中将农业生产与狩猎和采集相比，应用比较连词than。more… than，意为“比……更”故填than。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 考查时态语态。句意：随着越多的小孩出生，越多的食物被需要。分析句子，逻辑主语和need之间表示被动逻辑。同时此处描述的是过去的时间，所以时态应用过去时。故此处应用过去时的被动语态。food为不可数名词。故填was needed。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ - 21 -‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活力量。分析句子，简单句中已有动词gave故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式表示目的。故填to change。‎ ‎【61题详解】‎ 考查时态。句意：大约在公元前6000年，人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。分析句子，简单句中除了提示词外无其余动词，故此处需用动词的时态。逻辑主语和提示词之间表示主动逻辑。by + 过去时间 译为“到…为止”，后面的句子用过去完成时。故填had discovered.‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ 考查名词复数。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，提示词的词性为为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填seasons。‎ ‎【63题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，make所处的分句中无主语，故此处需用非谓语动词。make use of和逻辑主语they之间表示“主动”关系。所以此处用现在分词形式（doing）形式做状语。故填making。‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ 考查定冠词。句意：随着科学的崛起，事情发生了变化。with the rise of 译为“随着......的崛起”是固定短语。故填the。‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ 考查时态。句意：新方法意味着更少的人从事农业。分析句子，主句部分无其他动词，故此处需填时态。文章的整体时态是过去时，根据时态一致原则此处也应为过去时。逻辑主语和动词之间表示主动关系。所以此处填过去时的主动形式。故填meant。‎ 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节应用文写作(满分15分)‎ ‎66.假定你是李华，你校来自爱尔兰的外教Peter因病回国休假。请给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括:1. 询问近况；2. 分享班级最新消息；3. 表达祝愿。‎ 注意:1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ - 21 -‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Peter,‎ I am sorry to hear that you have gone back home on sick leave. How are you feeling now?‎ I hope my good news for you will sweep away the shadow of disease. Last month, an English festival was held in our school, and our class performed a song which you taught us at the festival. As soon as we finished the song, all the audience gave us warm applause. If only you had been there. ‎ We all miss you very much and wish you a quick and complete recovery.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件，向因病假回国休假的外教老师询问近况，分享消息和表达祝愿。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般过去时和一般现在时。‎ 结构：三段式结构。第一段询问近况；第二段告知班级消息；第三段表达祝愿。‎ 要求：1.询问近况（How are you feeling now?）‎ ‎ 2.告知班级消息（my good news; performed a song which you taught us）‎ ‎ 3.表达祝愿（wish you a quick and complete recovery）‎ 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）‎ be sorry to do; on sick leave; sweep away; as soon as; give sb. warm applause; recovery 第三步：连词成句 ‎1. I am sorry to hear that you have gone back home on sick leave.‎ ‎2. I hope my good news for you will sweep away the shadow of disease.‎ ‎3. As soon as we finished the song, all the audience gave us warm applause.‎ ‎4. We all miss you very much and wish you a quick and complete recovery.‎ 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ - 21 -‎ 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，‎ 第五步：润色修改 ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。‎ ‎1.作者范文中使用了主从复合句，如：‎ I am sorry to hear that you have gone back home on sick leave.( 听说你请病假回家了，我很难过。)这句话运用了that 引导宾语从句。‎ Last month, an English festival was held in our school, and our class performed a song which you taught us at the festival.(上个月，我们学校举办了英语节，我们班在节上表演了一首您教我们的歌曲。)这句话运用了which引导限制性定语从句。‎ As soon as we finished the song, all the audience gave us warm applause.(我们一唱完这首歌，所有的观众都给了我们热烈的掌声。)这句话中as soon as引导时间状语从句。‎ ‎2.使用了一些固定词组，如be sorry to do; on sick leave; sweep away; as soon as; give sb. warm applause等。‎ 全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ 第二节 读后续写(满分25分)‎ ‎67.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。‎ One fall，my wife Elli and I had a single goal:to photograph polar bears. We were staying at a research camp outside “the polar bear capital of the world”-the town of Churchill in Manitoba，Canada.‎ Taking pictures of polar bears is amazing but also dangerous. Polar bears-like all wild animals-should be photographed from a safe distance. When I'm face to face with a polar bear，I like it to be through a camera with a telephoto lens. But sometimes，that is easier said than done. This was one of those times.‎ As Elli and I cooked dinner，a young male polar bear who was playing in a nearby lake sniffed，and smelled our garlic bread.‎ The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp，which was surrounded by a high wire fence. He pulled and bit the wire. He stood on his back legs and pushed at the wooden fence posts.‎ Terrified，Elli and I tried all the bear defense actions we knew. We yelled at the bear，hit pots - 21 -‎ ‎ hard，and fired blank shotgun shells into the air. Sometimes loud noises like these will scare bears off. Not this polar bear though-he just kept trying to tear down the fence with his massive paws(爪子).‎ I radioed the camp manager for help. He told me a helicopter was on its way，but it would be 30 minutes before it arrived. Making the best of this close encounter(相遇)，I took some pictures of the bear.‎ Elli and I feared the fence wouldn't last through 30 more minutes of the bear's punishment. The camp manager suggested I use pepper spray. The spray burns the bears' eyes，but doesn't hurt them. So I approached our uninvited guest slowly and，through the fence，sprayed him in the face. With an angry roar(吼叫)，the bear ran to the lake to wash his eyes.‎ 注意:1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；‎ ‎2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；‎ ‎3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；‎ ‎4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】无答案 ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】本题为写作题，解析略。‎ ‎ ‎ - 21 -‎