2020年高考真题+高考模拟题 专项版解析汇编 英语—— 03 非谓语动词和交际用语 （教师版）

2020年高考真题+高考模拟题 专项版解析汇编 英语—— 03 非谓语动词和交际用语 （教师版）

‎2020年高考英语真题和模拟题分项汇编 专题03非谓语动词和交际用语 一、2020年高考真题 ‎1.（2020·新课标I卷语法填空）Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66． (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.‎ ‎【答案】to find ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。‎ ‎2.（（2020·新课标I卷短文改错））I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook.‎ ‎【答案】 frying改为fried ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋。动词fry与tomatoes之间是动宾关系，所以此处应用过去分词作定语，故将frying改为fried。‎ ‎3. （2020·新课标I卷短文改错）My mom told me how to preparing it ‎【答案】 preparing改为prepare。 ‎ ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我妈妈告诉我如何准备这道菜。分析句子可知，“how+不定式”作told的宾语，to是不定式符号，后应接动词原形，故将preparing改为prepare。‎ ‎4. （2020·新课标II卷语法填空）They represent the earth 63． (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.‎ ‎【答案】coming ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent，所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。‎ ‎5. （2020·新课标II卷语法填空）They make great gifs and you see them many times 65． (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.‎ ‎【答案】 decorated ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them指代前句中的orange trees，与decorate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。‎ ‎6. （2020·新课标II卷语法填空）They are easy 68． (care) for and make great presents.‎ ‎【答案】 to care。‎ ‎【解析】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。故填to care。‎ ‎7. （2020·新课标III卷语法填空）The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67． (find) the well-known painter.‎ ‎【答案】 to find ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出发去做某事”短语为set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的状语。故填to find。‎ ‎8. （2020·新课标III卷语法填空）And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds69． (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.‎ ‎【答案】 surrounding ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知，the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops是独立主格结构做状语，surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。‎ ‎9.(2020·山东新高考语法填空) As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves (they) living at a different time in history or 43．(walk)through a rainforest.‎ ‎【答案】 walking ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与living是并列成分，共同做imagine的宾补，imagine sb doing sth. “想象某人做某事”。故填walking。‎ ‎10. (2020·浙江卷语法填空) Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 60．(change)lives.‎ ‎【答案】 to change ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子，简单句中已有动词gave故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式表示目的。故填to change。‎ ‎11. (2020·浙江卷语法填空)Later，they learned to work with the seasons (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas， 63． (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.‎ ‎【答案】 making ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，make所处的分句中无主语，故此处需用非谓语动词。make use of和逻辑主语they之间表示“主动”关系。所以此处用现在分词形式（doing）形式做状语。故填making。‎ ‎12. （2020·江苏卷）Technological innovations, ____ good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.‎ A. combined with B. combining with C. having combined with D. to be combined with ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:技术创新与良好的市场营销相结合，将促进这些产品的销售。此处是短语:be combined with“与……结合/联合”，本句中省略be动词，使用过去分词做状语。故选A。‎ ‎13．（2020·（天津卷)英语笔试（第一次)）___________in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world.‎ A．Having completed B．Being completed C．Completed D．Completing ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：1931年完工的帝国大厦是1954年之前最高的摩天大楼，它激发了全世界的想象力。句中谓语动词是inspired，此处用非谓语动词。主语the Empire State Building和动词complete是被动关系，用过去分词作状语。A项是现在分词的完成式，不表被动。B项是doing的被动式。故选C。‎ ‎14．（2020·（天津卷)英语笔试（第一次)）The local government doesn't have to sacrifice environmental protection ____________ economic growth.‎ A．to be promoted B．being promoted C．promoting D．to promote ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：地方政府不必为了促进经济增长而牺牲环境保护。通过分析句子成分并翻译语境可知，句中存在谓语doesn't have to sacrifice，空中需使用非谓语动词且表示目的性关系，因此使用动词不定式形式。故选D项。‎ ‎15．（2020·（天津卷)英语笔试（第二次)）______ us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes.‎ A．To help B．Helped C．Helping D．Being helped ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了帮助我们准备考试，老师建议通读我们的笔记。分析句子结构可知，老师建议我们诵读笔记是”为了“帮助我们准备考试。故表目的，应用动词不定式。故选A。‎ ‎16.（2020·江苏卷） Building such a bridge over the bay was ______ but the local government made it within two years.‎ A. a wet blanket B. a piece of cake C. a dark horse D. a hard nut to crack ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查习惯用语辨析。句意:在海湾上建造这样一座桥是一件困难的事情，但当地政府在两年内完成了。A. a wet blanket一件扫兴的事情；B. a piece of cake小菜一碟；C. a dark horse出人意外的获胜者；D. a hard nut to crack很难解决的问题。根据空前such a bridge over the bay及空后but the local government made it within two years可知，在海湾上建造这样一座桥是一件困难的事情。故选D。‎ ‎17. （2020·江苏卷）—Do you know anything about Zhang Zhongjing?‎ ‎—______ He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.‎ A. How come? B. So what? C. By all means. D. With pleasure.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查日常交际用语。句意:-你知道关于张仲景的事情吗？-当然。 自东汉以来，他被尊为医学大师。A. How come?怎么会？B. So what?那又怎样？C. By all means.当然；D. With pleasure.很愿效劳。根据空后He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.可知，后者对张仲景非常了解。所以他“当然”知道关于张仲景的事情。C选项符合语境。故选C。‎ ‎18．（2020·（天津卷)英语笔试（第一次)）—Tim has difficulty in making decisions.‎ ‎—__________. He's still hesitating about whether to take the job.‎ A．That’s it B．Give it a try C．It's settled D．You're kidding me ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查情景交际。句意：—Tim做决定有困难。—就是。他还在犹豫是否接受那份工作。 A.That's it就是；B. Give it a try试一试:C. It's settled那就决定了;D.You're kidding me你在跟我开玩笑吧。此处是对上句情况的肯定，故选A。‎ ‎19．（2020·（天津卷)英语笔试（第二次)）—Next time you visit Bob, remember to give him a call in advance.‎ ‎—______. I will.‎ A．My pleasure B．No wonder C．Good point D．Never mind ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查情景交际。句意:--下次你去拜访Bob的时候，记得提前给他打个电话。--好主意。我会的。A. My pleasure 我很荣幸，别客气；B. No wonder难怪；C. Good point好主意；D. Never mind没有关系。根据”I will”可知，第二个人对第一个人的提议非常赞同。故C选项符合语境。故选C。‎ ‎20．（2020·（天津卷)英语笔试（第二次)）—Shall I order a taxi for Sarah to go to the airport tonight?‎ ‎—______. I’ll drive her there.‎ A．Have a try B．Don’t mention it C．Don’t bother D．Go ahead ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查情景交际。句意:--今晚我为莎拉叫一辆出租车去机场好吗？--不用麻烦了。我开车送她去。A. Have a try试一试吧；B. Don’t mention it别客气，不用谢；C. Don’t bother不用麻烦了；D. Go ahead走吧，干吧。根据“I will drive her there”可知，第二个人会送莎拉去机场，因此他让第一个人“不用麻烦叫出租车”。故选C。‎ 二、2020届模拟题 ‎1. ( 2020届江苏省连云港市赣榆区高三高考仿真训练)One afternoon, as I was sitting with a book in my hand, my eyes, __________ in abstraction to the window, caught sight of a figure just passing.‎ A. raising B. to raise C. raised D. having raised ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查过去分词做状语。句意：一天下午，我手里拿着一本书坐在那里，眼睛呆呆地望着窗外，看见一个人影经过。在本句中，“raise”是及物动词，与被修饰名词“my eyes”之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，因此要用过去分词。故选C项。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 过去分词在句中可以作状语,修饰谓语（多放在句首，也可放在后面或插在中间）；有时一个单独的过去分词也可用作状语；过去分词有时和连词一起用；在少数情况下，过去分词可引导一个句子状语，分词前有时还有一个逻辑上的主语。‎ ‎2. Many migrating birds wing their way over and through the city,_____some surprising natural scenery.‎ A. created B. creating C. having created D. to create ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多候鸟在城市上空飞翔，创造出令人惊叹的自然风景。分析句子结构可知create在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且与逻辑主语Many migrating birds构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故选B。‎ ‎3. (2020届江苏省南京市高三第三次模拟)____________the physical responses are a sense of comfort and a rush of relaxation.‎ A. Accompanied B. Being accompanied C. Accompanying D. To accompany ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：伴随身体反应是一种舒适和放松的感觉。分析句子结构可知，accompany在句中应用非谓语动词形式，a sense of comfort and a rush of relaxation与accompany构成主动关系，且为倒装，正常语序为“A sense of comfort and a rush of relaxation are accompanying the physical responses.”。故选C。‎ ‎4. —I can't remember his name clearly.Is it Brain Johnson?‎ ‎－Yes,____________.‎ A. you name it B. that's the point C. that's it D. you deserve it ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查情景交际。句意：——我记不清他的名字了。是叫Brain Johnson吗？——是的，那就是他的名字。A. you name it你说了算；B. that's the point那才是重点；C. that's it没错，就是这样；D. you deserve it 你应得的。分析句子可知，答语表示的是对另一个说话者的肯定，要用that’s it表示“就是这样”。故选C项。‎ ‎5. (2020届江苏省南通等苏北七市高三三模)The project that we are working hard to see _______next month will relieve the traffic pressure.‎ A. to be completed B. completing C. completed D. complete ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们正在努力争取下个月完成的项目将缓解交通压力。分析句子可知，本句为含有定语从句的复合句，其中the project为先行词，在定语从句 we are working hard to see _______next month中做see的宾语；根据seesth.done看到某事被做完，project和complete为动宾关系，所以使用过去分词作宾语补足语。选项C符合题意。故选C项。‎ ‎6. (2020届天津市河东区高三学习检测) _______ from Why Do Cats Love Bookstores by Jason Diamond, the article was chosen as a part of the test paper.‎ A. Being adapted B. Adapted C. Being suited D. Suited ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查过去分词作定语。句意：改编自杰克逊·戴蒙德所写的《为什么猫喜欢书店》的这篇文章被选作试卷的一部分。结合句意可知，此处应用adapt“改编”，而不是suit“适合”； the article与adapt构成动宾关系，因此应用过去分词形式做定语，此处没有正在被改编的意思，因此A选项错误。故选B。‎ ‎7. (2020届天津市河东区高三学习检测) —She missed her way to the new school again.‎ ‎— Really? _______ I’ve showed her the map twice.‎ A. And you? B. How come? C. How’s it going D. How about?‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查情景交际。句意：——她又错过了通向新学校的路。——真的吗？怎么回事？我已经给她看过两次地图了。A. And you?你呢？B. How come为什么？怎么会这样？C. How’s it going情况进展的怎么样？最近情况好吗？D. How about? 你认为……怎样？根据Really?及I’ve showed her the map twice.可知，此处用How come表疑问或奇怪之意。故选B。‎ ‎8. (2020届天津市河西区高三总复习质量调查) If the project______before the end of this month is delayed,the construction company will be made fully responsible for the financial losses.‎ A. being completed B. completed C. to be completed D. completing ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:如果这个月底预计完工的大楼建设的工期被拖延的话，建筑公司将对经济损失负全部责任。分析句子可知，句子的谓语动词是is delayed，故complete用非谓语动词形式作定语，由时间状语by the end of this month可知，complete是将来的动作，且与先行词project是被动关系，故应该用不定式的被动式作定语。故选C。‎ ‎9. (2020届天津新高考模拟)The local government doesn’t have to sacrifice environmental protection_________ economic growth.‎ A. to be promoted B. being promoted C. promoting D. to promote ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：地方政府不必牺牲环境保护来促进经济增长。此处指牺牲环境的目的是促进经济增长，表目的用不定式，故选D。‎ ‎10. (2020届天津市河北区高三一模)—It’s too complex, I think. ‎ ‎—________. So we’d better make it easier for students to get involved. ‎ A. That’s ridiculous B. That’s the point C. That’s settled D. That’s all right ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 考查情景交际。句意：——那太复杂了，我认为。——那正是问题的关键。因此我们最好让学生更容易参与。It’s ridiculous. 那太荒谬了；That’s the point那正是问题的关键；That’s settled那就解决了；That’s all right没关系。根据“It’s too complex, I think. ”可知，复杂是问题的关键所在。B项符合语境。‎ ‎11. (2020届天津市河北区高三一模) Li Jiaqi, a well-known live streaming host in China, is reported over 8 million followers on Weibo.‎ A. possessing B. to be possessing C. having possessed D. to have possessed ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：李佳琦，一个中国的网络直播主持人，据报道在微博上有超过800万个粉丝。分析句子可知，这里用了被动语态，在原本的主动语态里有report sb. to do sth.意为“报道某人做某事”，转换为被动语态是sb. be reported to do sth.而谓语动词代表的动作发生在非谓语动词代表的动作之前（先有粉丝后被报道），要用完成式。故选D项。‎ ‎12. (2020届天津市河北区高三一模) No one in the world is perfect, and even famous people may have their .‎ A. feet of clay B. cup of tea C. piece of cake D. hearts of gold ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查固定短语。句意：世界上没有完美的人，就连名人都可能有自己的缺点。A. feet of clay品格上的缺陷；B. cup of tea喜好、爱好；C. piece of cake小菜一碟；D. hearts of gold心地善良。后句在解释前句提出的观点“世上没有完美的人”，也就是任何人都有缺点，明星也不例外。故选A项。‎ ‎13. (2020届天津市河西区高三总复习质量调查)________her mother after being separated for 20 years, she couldn't help, even though she tried not to, _______.‎ A. Seen; crying B. To see; cry C. Seeing; crying D. Having seen; cry ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：分别20年后再见到她母亲，即使她努力的不哭，她还是忍不住哭了。分析句子可知，主句是she couldn't help crying，see和cry都使用非谓语动词形式，see做状语，和逻辑主语she构成主动关系，使用现在分词，故A、D项错误；第二空是固定结构can’t help doing 忍不住做某事，综上所述，故选C。‎ ‎14. (2020届江苏省南通等苏北七市高三三模)— I will go to the bank to pay for the electricity bill.‎ ‎— _______? Actually, you can use Alipay.‎ A. Why bother B. So what C. Why not D. What for ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查情景交际。句意：——我要去银行交电费。——何必麻烦呢？实际上，你可以使用支付宝。A. Why bother何苦，何必麻烦；B. So what那又怎样？C. Why not为什么不呢？D. What for为何？根据语境，空白处应该是认为去银行交电费太麻烦了，且后面给出了简单的方法，结合选项，故选A。‎ ‎15. (2020届天津市河北区高三一模) — We got through the most difficult times with their help.‎ ‎— . Those days are gone.‎ A. You said it B. Keep it up C. That’s terrible D. Take your time ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查习惯表达。句意：——我们在他们的帮助下度过了最艰难的时光。——你说对了。那些日子已经一去不复返了。A. You said it你说得对，你说到点子上了；B. Keep it up坚持下去，别放松；C. That’s terrible太糟糕了；D. Take your time慢慢来。分析句意可知，第二个讲话者要表示对第一个人说法的肯定。故选A项。‎ ‎16. (2020届天津市河东区高三学习检测)What do you feel when _______ to yourself after your mobile phone battery runs out in the middle of a call?‎ A. leaving talking B. left talking C. being leaving talking D. being left talking ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查省略句和现在分词作宾补。句意：你的手机电池在通话过程中耗尽，让你自言自语的时候你是什么感受？leave sb. doing sth.“使某人处于做某事的状态”，宾语you提前做主语，因此用被动语态。所以句中when引导时间状语从句的完整形式是when you are left talking to yourself，从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且有be动词，因此省略从句的主语和be动词you are，构成when left talking to yourself。故选B。‎ ‎17. (2020届天津市河东区高三学习检测)—It’s too slow, I think.‎ ‎— _______ . So we’d better make it faster for customers to receive their goods.‎ A. That’s ridiculous B. That’s the point C. That’s settled D. That’s all right ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查情景交际。句意：——我认为太慢了。——说到点上了。因此我们最好使顾客更快地收到他们的货物。A. That’s ridiculous太荒谬了；B. That’s the point说到点上了，那就对了；C. That’s settled就这么定了, 问题解决了；D. That’s all right没关系，不要紧。结合句意可知，第二个说话者应该是认可第一个人所说的话。故选B。‎ ‎18. (2020届天津市河西区高三总复习质量调查) --I really thought I’d be offered the job.‎ ‎--Oh, well, ________, Clark.‎ A. you are fight B. best wishes C. congratulations D. better luck next time ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】试题分析：A你是对的；B祝福你；C祝贺你！D下次好运！句义：—我真的以为我被提供了这份工作。—好的，下次好运吧！根据前一句可知实际上他并没有得到这份工作。故第二句表示祝愿对方下次好运。故D正确。‎ ‎19. (2020届天津新高考模拟)_________ in 1931, the Empire State Building-- the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world.‎ A. Having completed B. Being completed C. Completed D. Completing ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：1931年完工的帝国大厦是1954年之前最高的摩天大楼，它激发了全世界的想象力。句中谓语动词是inspired，此处用非谓语动词。主语the Empire State Building和动词complete是被动关系，用过去分词作状语。A项是现在分词的完成式，不表被动。B项是doing的被动式。故选C。‎ ‎20. (2020届天津新高考模拟) —The machine is working again!‎ ‎—Yes, it broke down yesterday, but it_________.‎ A. has been fixed B. is being fixed C. had been fixed D. would be fixed ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查时态语态。句意：——机器又开始工作了!——是的，昨天坏了，但已经修好了。指现在已经被修好了，动作对现在的影响用现在完成时的被动，故选A。‎ ‎21. (2020届天津新高考模拟)—You seem to be in a really good mood.‎ ‎—I finished my last test today. _________! Now I'm free.‎ A. What a pity B. What a relief C. I’ve got it D. I’ve missed the point ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查情景交际。句意：——你看起来心情很好。——我今天完成了最后一次考试。总算松了一口气! 现在我自由了。A. What a pity太可惜了；B. What a relief总算松了一口气；C. I’ve got it我明白了。D. I’ve missed the point我没抓住要点。根据Now I'm free.可知是考试完松了一口气，故选B。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎