黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学校2020届高三上学期第一次验收考试英语试题

黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学校2020届高三上学期第一次验收考试英语试题

哈三中2019—2020学年度上学期 高三学年第一次调研考试英语试卷 本试卷分为第I卷和第II卷两部分。第I卷1至10页，第II卷10至11页。考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。‎ 第I卷 注意事项:‎ ‎1. 答第I 卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。‎ ‎2. 选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上所对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。‎ 第一部分:听力 (共两节，满分30分)‎ 第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1.‎ How long does the man think they should spend on the project?‎ A. About two months. B. About three months. C. About four months.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎2.‎ What did the woman do last weekend?‎ A. She went climbing. B. She had a picnic. C. She stayed with her friend.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎3.‎ What will the woman prepare next?‎ A. Tables and chairs. B. Cups. C. Microphones.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎4.‎ How did the man go to work today?‎ A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. On foot.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎5.‎ What are the speakers discussing?‎ A. The number of talks to give.‎ B. The questions to ask after talks.‎ C. The time to spare between talks.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎6. What is the weather like now?‎ A. Foggy. B. Sunny. C. Windy.‎ ‎7. Where are the speakers?‎ A. At a hotel. B. At an airport. C. At a taxi station.‎ ‎【答案】6. A 7. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎8. Where will the woman work in the summer?‎ A. In a hospital. B. In a garden. C. In a park.‎ ‎9. What does the woman think of working as an assistant?‎ A. It is tiring. B. It is interesting. C. It is well paid.‎ ‎【答案】8. C 9. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎10. Why did the man go downtown yesterday?‎ A. To send a package. B. To buy clothes. C. To visit a friend.‎ ‎11. How does the woman feel about Martin’s closing?‎ A. Happy. B. Sorry. C. Surprised.‎ ‎12. What did the woman like about Martin’s?‎ A. Good service. B. Huge selection. C. Low prices.‎ ‎【答案】10. A 11. B 12. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎13. Which course did Judy finally change to?‎ A. English. B. Fine Art. C. History of Art.‎ ‎14. What was Judy’s parents’ attitude toward her decision?‎ A. Supportive. B. Angry. C. Doubtful.‎ ‎15. Why does the man want to change German to another course?‎ A. The German course is too difficult.‎ B. He can’t get along with other students.‎ C. His housemate persuaded him to do that.‎ ‎16. What does Judy advise the man to do above all？‎ A. Do what he enjoys.‎ B. Spend a year studying abroad.‎ C. Think clearly before changing the course.‎ ‎【答案】13. B 14. A 15. A 16. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。‎ ‎17. What is the main aim of the arts festival this year?‎ A. To pick out great artists.‎ B. To support the creative industries.‎ C. To get more people into the creative arts.‎ ‎18. What kind of people can do the activity of walks?‎ A. School teachers. B. Creative people. C. Local artists.‎ ‎19. What activity can the unemployed do?‎ A. Work with children. B. Teach kids how to do sewing. C. Learn how to write stories.‎ ‎20. When does the booking office close on Saturday?‎ A. At 12:30 p.m. B. At 5 p.m. C. At 9 p.m.‎ ‎【答案】17. C 18. B 19. C 20. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节(共15小题，每小题2分，共30分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Have fun with Stamps collecting … Join the Collectors Club today!‎ If you enjoy learning all about stamps, then the Royal Mail’s Collectors Club is for you.‎ Join the club and discover the fascinating world of stamps.‎ There are over 70,000 members and it is one of the biggest clubs of its kind in the country.‎ Become a member today and you will receive lots of wonderful stamp collecting goodies…‎ ‎●A Starter Pack…‎ And every two months …‎ ‎●Collectors club magazine ‎●Collectors Corner supplement And every year…‎ ‎●A new Stamp Calendar ‎●A set of Album Pages Join today!‎ It won’t cost you much to experience the fun of stamp collecting.‎ Collectors Club Starter Pack ‎1. 100 used stamps ‎2. The Collectors Club Guide to Collecting ‎3. The latest Collectors Club magazine ‎(packed with news and views about stamps, quizzes and competitions, all in color)‎ ‎4. Album pages ‎5. Badge and stickers ‎6. Membership card ‎7. Royal Mail Stamp Calendar ‎* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *‎ Already Registered?‎ Sign In Here!‎ Learn More View a Flash presentation about our club (3.51 MB)‎ ‎21. Join the club and you are likely to get the following EXCEPT___________.‎ A. a starter pack B. bi-monthly magazines C. a set of rare stamps D. a new calendar ‎22. From the advertisement we can learn ________________.‎ A. how much you must pay to become a member of the club B. today is the last day for stamp collectors to join the club C. members may receive a set of album pages every month D. Collectors Club is among the largest clubs of its kind in the country.‎ ‎23. Where is this advertisement most probably found?‎ A. In a newspaper. B. On a web page. C. In a magazine. D. On a TV program.‎ ‎【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了皇家集邮俱乐部的相关信息。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 细节理解题。本题采取排除法。由短文左侧“A Starter Pack…And every two months，A new Stamp Calendar”可知，加入集邮俱乐部，你可以获得一个新会员服务包，一个精美的新的邮票日历，双月杂志。而C选项未提及。所以加入这个俱乐部，你得不到一套珍贵的邮票。故选C项。‎ ‎22题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由短文左侧“There are over 70,000 members and it is one of the biggest clubs of its kind in the country.”可知，集邮俱乐部是国家同类俱乐部中最大的一个,有7万多个会员。所以从广告中我们可以了解到集邮俱乐部是这个国家最大的集邮俱乐部之一。故选D项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由短文中右侧“Already Registered?，Sign Here! View a Flash presentation about our club (3. 5MB)”可知，短文中出现了“注册了吗？填写这里，浏览一个3.5m大小的关于我们俱乐部flash动画.”这样的信息，所以判断出这则广告最可能出现在网页上。故选B项。‎ B Traveler My fifteen-year-old son has just returned from abroad with rolls of exposed film and ‎ a hundred dollars in uncashed traveler’s checks, and is asleep at the moment．His blue duffel(粗呢) bag lies on the floor where he dropped it．Obviously, he postponed as much sleep as he could: when he walked in and we hugged, his electrical system suddenly switched off, and he headed directly for the bed, where I imagine he beat his old record of sixteen hours.‎ ‎ It was his first trip overseas, so weeks before it, I pressed travel books on him, and a tape cassette of useful French phrases; drew up a list of people to visit; advised him on clothing and other things．At the luggage store where we went to buy him a suitcase, he headed for the duffels, saying that suitcases were more for old people．‎ ‎ During the trip, he called home three times: from London, Paris, and a village named Ullapool．Near Ullapool, he climbed a mountain in a rainstorm that almost blew him off．In the village, a man spoke to him in Gaelic, and, too polite to interrupt, my son listened to him for ten or fifteen minutes, trying to nod in the right places．The French he learned from the cassette didn’t hold water in Paris．The French he talked to shrugged and walked on.‎ ‎ When my son called, I sat down at the kitchen table and leaned forward and hung on every word． His voice came through clearly, though two of the calls were like ship-to-shore communication．When I interrupted him with a “Great!” or a “Really?”, I knocked a little hole in his communication．So I just sat and listened． I have never listened to a telephone so attentively and with so much pleasure．It was wonderful to hear news from him that was so new to me．In my book, he was the first man to land on the moon, and I knew that I had no advice to give him and that what I had already given was probably not much help.‎ ‎ The unused checks are certainly evidence of that．Youth travels light．No suitcase, not much luggage and a slim expense account, and yet he went to the scene, and came back safely．I sit here amazed． The night when your child returns with dust on his shoes from a country you’ve never seen is a night you would gladly turn into a week．‎ ‎24. During the trip, the author’s son ______.‎ A. ran out of money B. had inadequate sleep C. forgot to call his mother D. failed to take good pictures ‎25. According to the passage, which of the following could best describe the author’s son?‎ A. Polite and careless．‎ B. Creative and stubborn.‎ C. Considerate and independent.‎ D. Self-centered and adventurous.‎ ‎26. What does the underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refer to?‎ A It is important to listen to your child’s story.‎ B. It’s easy to interrupt the chat with your child.‎ C. The author is proud of her son landing on the moon.‎ D. The son no longer needs much help from his mother.‎ ‎27. What can we infer from the passage?‎ A. Good parents should protect their children from potential dangers.‎ B. The world is a book and those who do not travel read only one page.‎ C. It’s a win-win choice to give a child space to experience and explore．‎ D. Communication between parents and children is extremely important.‎ ‎【答案】24. B 25. C 26. D 27. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 根据文章第一段中的My fifteen-year-old son has just returned from abroad with rolls of exposed film and a hundred dollars in uncashed traveler’s checks, and is asleep at the moment，可知作者的儿子刚旅游回到家的蒙头大睡了，因此可推断他在旅游的过程中缺乏睡眠，故B选项正确。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 根据第三段的too polite to interrupt, my son listened to him for ten or fifteen ‎ minutes，由此可推断作者的儿子的其中一个性格是considerate(体贴的，考虑周全的)；又根据文章说作者的儿子自己去旅行，很多事情都一个人去处理，也可推断他是一个独立的（independent）的人。结合各个选项的意思，可知选C。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 根据划线单词的所在的句子中的上一句的内容，可知上一句所说的是作者作为家长实际上也没有给到他儿子多少的建议和意见，由此分析，可知选D正确。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 纵观全文，根据作者对他儿子这次去旅游之前，去的时候给家里打电话以及回来之后的一连串的分析和思考，可知作者认为给予自己孩子足够的自由空间让他们自己去经历和体验是一种双赢的选择，故选C C It’s common knowledge that the woman in Leonardo da Vinci’s most famous painting seems to look back at observers, following them with her eyes no matter where they stand in the room. But this common knowledge turns out wrong.‎ A new study finds that the woman in the painting is actually looking out at an angle that’s 15.4 degrees off to the observer’s right—well outside of the range that people normally believe when they think someone is looking right at them. In other words, said the study author, Horstmann, “She’s not looking at you.” This is somewhat ironic, because the entire phenomenon of a person’s gaze (凝视) in a photograph or painting seeming to follow the viewer is called the “Mona Lisa Effect”. That effect is absolutely real, Horstmann said. If a person is illustrated or photographed looking straight ahead, even people viewing the portrait from an angle will feel they are being looked at. As long as the angle of the person’s gaze is no more than about 5 degrees off to either side, the Mona Lisa effect occurs.‎ This is important for human interaction with on-screen characters. If you want someone off to the right side of a room to feel that a person on-screen is looking at him or her, you don’t cast the gaze of the character to that side—surprisingly, doing so would make an observer feel like the character isn’t looking at anyone in the room at all. Instead, you keep the gaze straight ahead.‎ Horstmann and his co-author were studying this effect for its application in the creation of artificial-intelligence avatars ( 虚拟头像 )when Horstmann took a long ‎ look at the “Mona Lisa” and realized she wasn’t looking at him. To make sure it wasn’t just him, the researchers asked 24 people to view images of the “Mona Lisa” on a computer screen. They set a ruler between the viewer and the screen and asked the participants to note which number on the ruler intersected(相交) Mona Lisa’s gaze. To calculate the angle of Mona Lisa’s gaze as she looked at the viewer, they moved the ruler farther from or closer to the screen during the study. Consistently, the researchers found, participants judged that the woman in the “Mona Lisa” portrait was not looking straight at them, but slightly off to their right. So why do people repeat the belief that her eyes seem to follow the viewer? Horstmann isn’t sure. It’s possible, he said, that people have the desire to be looked at, so they think the woman is looking straight at them. Or maybe the people who first invented the term “Mona Lisa effect” just thought it was a cool name.‎ ‎28. It is generally believed that the woman in the painting Mona Lisa ___________‎ A. attracts the viewers to look back B. seems mysterious because of her eyes C. looks at the viewers wherever they stand D. fixes her eyes on the back of the viewers ‎29. What gaze range in a painting will cause the Mona Lisa effect?‎ A. B. C. D. ‎ ‎30. The experiment involving 24 people was conducted to ___________‎ A. create artificial-intelligence avatars.‎ B. confirm Horstmann’s belief.‎ C. calculate the angle of Mona Lisa’s gaze.‎ D. explain how the Mona Lisa effect can be applied.‎ ‎31. What can we learn from the passage?‎ A. Feeling being gazed at by Mona Lisa may be caused by the desire for attention.‎ B. Horstmann thinks it’s cool to invent the term “Mona Lisa effect”.‎ C. The Mona Lisa effect contributes to the creation of artificial intelligence.‎ D. The position of the ruler in the experiment will influence the viewers’ judgment.‎ ‎【答案】28. C 29. B 30. B 31. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。普遍认为，莱昂纳多·达芬奇最著名的画作中的女人似乎在回望观察者，不管观察者站在房间里的什么地方，她的眼睛一直注视着他们。但事实证明，这种观点是错误的。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第一段“It’s common knowledge that the woman in Leonardo da Vinci’s most famous painting seems to look back at observers, following them with her eyes no matter where they stand in the room”可知，普遍认为，莱昂纳多·达芬奇最著名的画作中的女人似乎在回望观察者，不管观察者站在房间里的什么地方，她的眼睛一直注视着他们。所以人们普遍认为“蒙娜丽莎”中的女人，不管观察者站在哪里，她都在注视着观察者。故选C项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第二段“As long as the angle of the person’s gaze is no more than about 5 degrees off to either side, the Mona Lisa effect occurs.”可知，只要人的视线与两边的夹角不超过5度，蒙娜丽莎效应就会出现。所以结合四个选项的图形可以看出，B选项中的角度会引起蒙达丽莎效应。故选B项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第四段“Horstmann took a long look at the “Mona Lisa” and realized she wasn’t looking at him. To make sure it wasn’t just him, the researchers asked 24 people to view images of the “Mona Lisa” on a computer screen.”可知，Horstmann 长时间地看着“蒙娜丽莎”，意识到她并没有看着他。为了确定不仅仅是没有看他，研究人员让24个人在电脑屏幕上观看“蒙娜丽莎”的照片。所以这个有24人参加的实验是为了证实Horstmann的观点。故选B项。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由最后段“ It’s possible, he said, that people have the desire to be looked at, so they think the woman is looking straight at them”可知，可能是人们渴望被注视，所以人们认为这个女人正注视着他们。所以通过Horstmann 所说的话可以判断出，感觉被蒙娜丽莎注视可能是人们渴望被注视引起的。故选A项。‎ D We talk continuously about how to make children tougher and stronger, but whatever we’re doing, it’s not working. Rates of anxiety disorders and depression are rising rapidly among teenagers. What are we doing wrong?‎ Nassim Taleb invented the word “antifragile” and used it to describe a small but very important class of systems that gain from shocks, challenges, and disorder. The immune (免疫的) system is one of them: it requires exposure to certain kinds of bacteria and potential allergens (过敏原) in childhood in order to develop to its full ability.‎ Children’s social and emotional abilities are as antifragile as their immune systems. If we overprotect kids and keep them “safe” from unpleasant social situations and negative emotions, we deprive (剥夺) them of the challenges and opportunities for skill-building they need to grow strong. Such children are likely to suffer more when exposed later to other unpleasant but ordinary life events, such as teasing and social rejection.‎ It’s not the kids’ fault. In the UK, as in the US, parents became much more fearful in the 1980s and 1990s as cable TV and later the Internet exposed everyone, more and more, to those rare occurrences of crimes and accidents that now occur less and less. Outdoor play and independent mobility went down; screen time and adult-monitored activities went up.‎ Yet free play in which kids work out their own rules of engagement, take small risks, and learn to master small dangers turns out to be vital for the development of adult social and even physical competence. Depriving them of free play prevents their social-emotional growth. Norwegian play researchers Ellen Sandseter and Leif Kennair warned: “We may observe an increased anxiety or mental disorders in society ‎ if children are forbidden from participating in age-adequate risky play.”‎ They wrote those words in 2011. Over the following few years, their prediction came true. Kids born after 1994 are suffering from much higher rates of anxiety disorders and depression than did the previous generation. Besides, there is also a rise in the rate at which teenage girls are admitted to hospital for deliberately harming themselves.‎ What can we do to change these trends? How can we raise kids strong enough to handle the ordinary and extraordinary challenges of life? We can’t guarantee that giving primary school children more independence today will bring down the rate of teenage suicide tomorrow. The links between childhood overprotection and teenage mental illness are suggestive but not clear-cut. Yet there are good reasons to suspect that by depriving our naturally antifragile kids of the wide range of experiences they need to become strong, we are systematically preventing their growth. We should let go—and let them grow.‎ ‎32. Why does the author mention the immune system in Paragraph 2?‎ A. To stress its importance. B. To help understand a new word.‎ C. To question the latest discovery. D. To analyze the cause of anxiety.‎ ‎33. Parents overprotect children because ______.‎ A. children are not independent enough B. they want to keep children from being teased C. parent-monitored activities are a must D. they are concerned about their children’s safety ‎34. According to the author, free play can ______.‎ A. reduce children’s risky behavior B. strengthen children’s friendship C. promote children’s toughness D. develop children’s leadership skills ‎35. Which of the following does the author probably agree with?‎ A. Stop trying to perfect your child.‎ B. It takes great courage to raise children.‎ C. While we try to teach our children all about life, our children teach us what life ‎ is all about.‎ D. Prepare the child for the road, not the road for the child.‎ ‎【答案】32. B 33. D 34. C 35. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。青少年中焦虑症和抑郁症发病率正在迅速上升。我们做错了什么？对此短文从不同的角度分析了它产生的原因，这种趋势发展下去所导致的后果，并提出了自己的观点--- 让孩子准备好上路，而不是准备好道路给孩子走。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第二段，第三段“ The immune (免疫的) system is one of them: it requires exposure to certain kinds of bacteria and potential allergens (过敏原) in childhood in order to develop to its full ability. Children’s social and emotional abilities are as antifragile as their immune systems”可知，免疫系统就是其中之一：它需要在儿童时期接触某些种类的细菌和潜在的过敏原，才能使孩子具有完全的免疫力。孩子们的社交和情感能力和他们的免疫系统一样具有“抗弱性”。所以通过免疫系统功能的介绍和孩子们的社交和情感能力与免疫系统的比较。可以判断出，作者在第2段提到免疫系统是为了帮助理解一个新词。故选B项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第四段“In the UK, as in the US, parents became much more fearful in the 1980s and 1990s as cable TV and later the Internet exposed everyone, more and more, to those rare occurrences of crimes and accidents that now occur less and less”可知，在英国，在美国也一样，在20世纪80年代和90年代，随着有线电视和后来的互联网让每个人越来越多地接触到那些现在越来越少发生的罕见的犯罪和事故，父母们变得更加恐惧。所以父母过度保护孩子，因为他们担心孩子的安全。故选D项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第五段“Yet free play in which kids work out their own rules of engagement, take small risks, and learn to master small dangers turns out to be vital for the development of adult social and even physical competence”可知，然而，孩子们在自由玩耍中制定自己的参与规则，他们能承担小风险，学会掌控小危险的能力，这对成人社交能力甚至身体能力的发展都是至关重要的。所以根据作者所说，自由玩耍可以促进儿童的韧性的提高。故选C项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由最后段“ we are systematically preventing their growth. We should let go—and let them grow.”可知，我们正在系统地阻止他们的成长。我们应该放手让他们成长。所以通过作者所说的我们能够判断出，作者希望成年人在孩子成长过程中，成年人应该让孩子准备好踏上成长之路，成年人应该让孩子自己走上成长之路，去经历挫折和失败，这样才能使孩子变得更加的坚强。故D选项“让孩子准备好上路，而不是准备好道路给孩子走”。是作者所同意的。故选D项。‎ 第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ What will you do if you can’t eat everything bought in the canteen? _____36_____ According to a survey, what students waste every year could feed over 10 million people.‎ ‎_____37_____ According to Xinhua News Agency, the food wasted by Chinese people is about 50 million tons of grain every year, which could feed 200 million people.‎ Food waste, which has become a global issue, serves as a mirror that reflects various cultural and social issues in different countries. In the West, for instance, consumerism, the belief that it’s a good thing to use a lot of goods and services, is often to blame for food waste. _____38_____ Chinese people are well known for being hospitable and generous. Many even feel that they lose face if their guests have eaten all the food. On campus, a generation of single children is less aware of the food waste issue. Students nowadays are well protected by their families and hardly have any concept of how much toil (辛劳) others go through in order to provide them with the food they eat.‎ ‎____39____ There are over 925 million hungry people in the world, most of whom live in underdeveloped countries and areas. They don’t have enough food to eat. Many children die for lack of nutrition each year in some African countries. And farmers work very hard to grow the crops. _____40_____ It’s also important that everyone should think about how they can do their bit to reduce food waste.‎ A. Most of us would simply throw away any leftover food.‎ B. Students’ waste is extremely serious.‎ C. China features its own eating culture.‎ D. Compared with them, some live in a different world.‎ E. But canteen waste is merely the tip of the iceberg.‎ F. So there’s no excuse that we should waste our food.‎ G. Students can never realize the serious food crisis.‎ ‎【答案】36. A 37. E ‎ ‎38. C 39. D ‎ ‎40. F ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了学生往往会把吃剩下的饭菜倒掉，学校食堂的浪费现象只是冰山一角，中国每年浪费的粮食有大约两千万吨，浪费食物的现象很严重。作者呼吁避免浪费从每个人做起。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 根据前文What will you do if you can’t eat everything bought in the canteen?(如果你不能吃完在食堂里所买的食物，你会怎么办？)以及后文According to a survey, what students waste every year could feed over 10 million people.(根据一个调查，学生们每年浪费的饭菜能够养活一千多万人。)可知，空格处既要回答上文问题，又要承接下文，A项Most of us would simply throw away any leftover food.(我们大多数人只会把剩下的食物扔掉)承上启下。故选A项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 根据后文According to Xinhua News Agency, the food wasted by Chinese people is about 50 million tons of grain every year, which could feed 200 million people.可知，据新华社报道，中国人每年浪费的粮食约5000万吨，可养活2亿人。空格处既要与上一段为转折关系，又要说食堂的浪费只是冰山一角，然后再具体说浪费严重的现象。E项But canteen waste is merely the tip of the iceberg.(食堂浪费只是冰山一角)承上启下。故选E项。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 根据后文Chinese people are well known for being hospitable and generous.可知，中国人以热情大方而闻名。空格处与后一句一起说明中国有自己的饮食文化与待客的态度，以此来对比西方的饮食文化。C项China features its own eating culture.(中国有自己的饮食文化)符合本段文意。故选C项。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 根据后文There are over 925 million hungry people in the world, most of whom live in underdeveloped countries and areas.可知，世界上有超过9.25亿饥饿人口，其中大多数生活在不发达国家和地区。所以本段主要在说与过度浪费相比，一些人正过着饥饿的生活。也就是本段小标题所要表达的内容。D项：Compared with them, some live in a different world.(与他们相比，有些人生活在一个不同的世界里)符合本段文意。故选D项。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 根据上文Many children die for lack of nutrition each year in some African countries. And farmers work very hard to grow the crops.可知，在一些非洲国家，每年都有许多儿童死于营养不良。农民们非常努力地种植庄稼。所以空格处要与前一句为因果关系。F项：So there’s no excuse that we should waste our food.(所以我们没有理由浪费食物)符合文意。故选F项。‎ 第三部分:英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、 B 、C 、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ I quietly placed my ear against the kitchen door. Mom had a male ___41___! I peeked(偷看) around. Sitting there was a gentleman, the most handsome man I’d ___42___ seen.‎ Mom was a young widow then with three children. My sister was ten, my brother four and I six. I ___43___ having a daddy. And I knew he was the one. Then I marched right into the ___44___.‎ ‎“Hi! I’m Patty. What’s your name?”‎ ‎“George.”‎ Looking towards Mom, I asked, “Don’t you think my mom’s pretty?”‎ ‎“Patty!” Mom scolded with ___45___. “Go and check on Benny.”‎ George leaned forward and ___46___, “Yes, I do. I’ll see you later, Patty. I think we will be good friends.”‎ George started ___47___ Mom more often. He always seemed happy to see me and never ‎ grew ___48___ of my endless questions.‎ Soon they entered into a ___49___. For George who’d never been married before, coming back from World War II and into a ready-made family took some ___50___. One evening was especially bad. Benny was crying on the kitchen floor. Annie was ___51___ loudly it wasn’t her place to ___52___ that spoiled child. And I spilled a whole pot of butter milk. With a(n) ___53___ look, George muttered(嘟囔), “I must have been ___54___ to marry a woman with three kids.”‎ Mom fled to their bedroom in ___55___, and George walked out. I hurried to the porch. “I’m sorry. I’ll be more careful next time. Please don’t ___56___!”‎ ‎___57___ wiping my tears, he said, “We’re friends, and friends never ___58___ the people they love. Don’t worry. I’ll always be here.” Then he went to ___59___ Mom.‎ Over the years, George has always been there for me. I still turn to him with my ___60___ though he is 85.‎ ‎41. A. volunteer B. visitor C. supporter D. scholar ‎42. A. ever B. always C. never D. seldom ‎43. A. recommended B. stopped C. missed D. minded ‎44. A. kitchen B. bathroom C. bedroom D. garden ‎45. A. excitement B. doubt C. embarrassment D. pride ‎46. A. yelled B. complained C. reported D. whispered ‎47. A. taking on B. calling on C. focusing on D. putting on ‎48. A. tired B. uncertain C. fond D. confident ‎49. A. conflict B. contact C. marriage D. competition ‎50. A. planning B. pretending C. adjusting D. misunderstanding ‎51. A. warning B. complaining C. wondering D. demanding ‎52. A. look after B. depend on C. stand for D. set up ‎53. A. exciting B. energetic C. curious D. vacant ‎54. A. talented B. mad C. brave D. unbelievable ‎55. A. shock B. vain C. tears D. ruins ‎56. A. leave B. refuse C. approach D. escape ‎57. A. Deeply B. Gently C. Properly D. Skillfully ‎58. A. betray B. force C. abandon D. threaten ‎59. A. persuade B. inform C. attract D. comfort ‎60. A. suggestions B. problems C. experiences D. achievements ‎【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. A 45. C 46. D 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. C 51. B 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. C 56. A 57. B 58. C 59. D 60. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者一家人与作者继父之间的故事。‎ ‎41题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈来了一位男性访客。A. volunteer志愿者；B. visitor访客；C. supporter支持者；D. scholar学者。由“Sitting there was a gentleman”可知，乔治拜访了母亲，所以他是母亲的男性访客。故选B项。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：坐在那里的是一位绅士，他是我曾经见过的最英俊的人。A. ever曾经；B. always一直；C. never决不；D. seldom很少。乔治是作者曾今见过的最英俊的人。故选A项。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很怀念有爸爸的日子。A. recommended推荐；B. stopped停止；C. missed想念；D. minded介意。由“Mom was a young ‎ widow”可知，作者的母亲是个寡妇。所以作者很怀念有爸爸的日子。故选C项。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我大步走进厨房。A. kitchen厨房；B. bathroom浴室；C. bedroom卧室；D. garden花园。由前文“I quietly placed my ear against the kitchen door”可知，作者在厨房外的偷听。这次直接大步走进了厨房。故选A项。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：帕蒂！“妈妈难为情地责备着我。A. excitement兴奋；B. doubt怀疑；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. pride自豪。由“Looking towards Mom, I asked, “Don’t you think my mom’s pretty?”可知，妈妈对于作者问乔治的问题感到尴尬。故选C项。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：乔治俯身低声说：“是的，我也是这么认为。A. yelled喊叫；B. complained抱怨；C. reported报道；D. whispered低声说。作者还是个孩子，所以乔治低声地对作者说，也是为了避免让母亲感到尴尬。也说明乔治是一个温柔且喜欢孩子的人。故选D项。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：乔治开始更频繁地看望妈妈。A. taking on呈现；B. calling on拜访；C. focusing on集中；D. putting on穿上。由“more often”可知，乔治开始更频繁地看望妈妈。故选B项。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他见到我似乎总是很高兴，对我没完没了的问题从不感到厌烦。A. tired厌烦的；B. uncertain不确定的；C. fond喜欢的；D. confident自信的。由“never，endless questions.”可知，乔治对作者没完没了的问题从不感到厌烦。故选A项。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不久他们就结婚了。A. conflict矛盾；B. contact联系；C. marriage婚姻；D. competition竞争。由“ into a ready-made family”可知，不久乔治与母亲就结婚了，成为了作者的继父。故选C项。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为乔治以前从未结过婚，二战后回来就和一个现有的家庭组成了家庭，所以他需要做些调整。A. planning计划；B. pretending假装；C.‎ ‎ adjusting调整；D. misunderstanding误解。乔治从未结过婚，却和一个现有家庭组成了家庭。所以他需要在很多方面进行调整，以便适应这样的生活以及各种可能出现的问题。故选C项。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：安妮大声抱怨说，照顾那个被宠坏的孩子不是她的职责。A. warning警告；B. complaining抱怨；C. wondering想知道；D. demanding要求。由“Benny was crying on the kitchen floor”可知，Benny正在地板上哭，而Annie 只用10岁，面对弟弟在地板上哭个不停，她也没有好办法。所以安妮大声地抱怨。故选B项。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：安妮大声抱怨说，照顾那个被宠坏的孩子不是她的职责。A. look after照顾；B. depend on依靠；C. stand for代表；D. set up建立。Annie 只有10岁，照顾着4岁的Benny。而面对弟弟在地板上哭个不停，她也没有好办法所以Annie 在大声抱怨说，照顾那个被宠坏的孩子不是她的职责。故选A项。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：乔治面色木然，咕哝道：“我一定是疯了，娶了一个有三个孩子的女人。A. exciting令人激动的；B. energetic经历充沛的；C. curious好奇的；D. vacant木然的。由常识可以判断，乔治是孩子们继父，看到这样槽糕的局面，既不能打也不能骂，所以表情木然。故选D项。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：乔治面色木然，咕哝道：“我一定是疯了，娶了一个有三个孩子的女人。A. talented有天赋的；B. mad疯狂的；C. brave勇敢的；D. unbelievable难以置信的。乔治认为娶了一个有三个孩子的女人，自己一定是疯了。故选B项。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈含泪跑回卧室，乔治走了出来。A. shock震惊；B. vain徒劳；C. tears眼泪；D. ruins废墟。母亲看到孩子们这么吵闹，再加上乔治说的那一番话。这一切使母亲泪流满面。故选C项。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：请不要离开。A. leave离开；B. refuse拒绝；C. approach接近；D. escape逃跑。作者很怕乔治因为这件事而离开这个家，所以作者请求乔治不要离开。故选A项。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他轻轻地擦着我的眼泪，他说:“我们是朋友，朋友从不抛弃他们所爱的人。A. Deeply深深地；B. Gently温柔地；C. Properly恰当地；D. Skillfully熟练地。由前文可知，乔治对作者所提出的问题从不感到厌烦，所以乔治对待作者是很温柔的且很喜欢孩子。所以当作者请求乔治不要离开时，他轻轻地擦着作者的眼泪。故选B项。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他轻轻地擦着我的眼泪，他说:“我们是朋友，朋友从不抛弃他们所爱的人。A. betray背叛；B. force迫使；C. abandon抛弃；D. threaten威胁。朋友从不抛弃他们所爱的人以及下文“he is 85”可知，乔治没有抛弃作者一家人。故选C项。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他去安慰妈妈。A. persuade说服；B. inform告知；C. attract吸引；D. comfort安慰。乔治对作者说完话，又去安慰妈妈，因为妈妈哭了。可见乔治是和温柔且很爱这个家。故选D项。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管他已经85岁了，我仍然向乔治请求帮助来解决问题。A. suggestions建议；B. problems问题；C. experiences经历；D. achievements成就。由“my endless questions” 作者小的时候会问乔治无尽的问题。现在作者已经是成年人了，乔治也已经85了，但是作者在生活中有问题时，仍然向乔治请教。故选B项。‎ 第 II 卷 注意:将答案写在答题卷上。写在本试卷上无效。‎ 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Pinyin is a successful tool, which ___61___ (teach) in China to school kids. It is not merely used by westerners like us. It has proved to be a useful tool for Chinese people ___62___ (they) to learn standard pronunciation in their early education.‎ The first step is to learn how ___63___ (pronounce) each letter in pinyin correctly and the meaning of the tone markers. Then you have to do ___64___ (drill) as many as you can. Turn that into a game. It can be ___65___ (much) fun than you would expect. Start ___66___ single syllables and do that a lot and then syllable pairs. Slowly move on to larger groups. Understand the initial, final and the tones.‎ But most importantly, ___67___ you need is good feedback. You’d better have ‎ someone that can correct your mistakes immediately.‎ Find a native Chinese, ___68___ can listen to you and correct you. If you take Chinese classes, the teacher will ___69___ (probable) have you do drills every class. Do this very seriously.‎ If you are self-studying, try to meet native Chinese people and ask them to give you some feedback. Otherwise, try to be self-critical and listen very carefully. Good ___70___ (listen) is more than 50% of what it takes to pronounce correctly.‎ ‎【答案】61. is taught ‎ ‎62. themselves ‎ ‎63. to pronounce ‎ ‎64. drills 65. more ‎ ‎66. with 67. what ‎ ‎68. who 69. probably ‎ ‎70. listening ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。短文就如何学习好中国的拼音提出了一些建议。‎ ‎【61题详解】‎ 考查一般现在时的被动语态。分析句子可知，tool为先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，且与谓语teach为被动。因为本句在介绍“拼音”，所以本句为一般现在时。故填is taught 。‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ 考查反身代词。分析句子可知，拼音已被证明是中国人在早期教育中学习标准发音的有用工具。所以Chinese people 与they的反身代词为同位关系，所以填反身代词themselves。故填themselves 。‎ ‎【63题详解】‎ 考查动词不定式。how to do sth 在句中作 learn的宾语。故填to pronounce。‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ 考查名词复数。drill为可数名词，由“as many as”可知，应填drill的复数。故填drills 。‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ 考查形容词比较级。由“than”可知，应填much的比较级more。故填 more 。‎ ‎【66题详解】‎ 考查介词。start with “以开始”为固定短语且符合句意。故填with。‎ ‎【67题详解】‎ 考查连接代词。分析句子可知，本句为主语从句，主语为we,谓语为need，所以用what作need的宾语。what在名词性从句中一定做成分，而且常做主语、宾语、表语或者定语。故填what。‎ ‎【68题详解】‎ 考查关系代词。分析句子可知，a native Chinese为先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语。所以关系代词为who。故填who 。‎ ‎【69题详解】‎ 考查副词。probably为副词修饰动词have。故填probably。‎ ‎【70题详解】‎ 考查名词。Good为形容词修饰名词listening。故填listening。‎ ‎【点睛】定语从句中关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：‎ ‎(1) 一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等。‎ ‎(2) 二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why。‎ ‎(3) 三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句 分析小8题的句子可知，a native Chinese为先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语。所以关系代词为who。故填who 。‎ 第四部分:写作(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ ‎71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意:1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。‎ ‎2、只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Everyone tends have many problems while gaining knowledge. Therefore, your willingness to deal with these problems will eventually enable you to work it out. What I’d like to share are my approaches to solve the problems.‎ First, you must focus on which you are faced with. There seemed to be a lot of attractive things, like computers or games. To stay focused, you can list things and tell yourself you should touch them after finishing your work. Second, believe to yourself. Though there is no doubt that each of us might make mistakes or come across some tough problems in learning, but it can never be a reason for the lose of confidence.‎ Last but not least, keep modestly. Never feel embarrassed to turn to your teachers or classmates. Everyone in your surroundings can be your teacher.‎ ‎【答案】1. tends 后加to ‎2. Therefore →However ‎3. it →them ‎4. solve →solving ‎5. which →what ‎6.seemed →seem ‎7. to →in ‎8. 删除but或but →yet ‎9. lose →loss ‎10. modestly →modest ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。每个人在获取知识的过程中都会遇到很多问题，作者与读者分享了作者解决问题的方法。‎ ‎【详解】第一处：考查动词不定式。tend to do sth“倾向于做某事”为固定短语。故将tends 后加to。‎ 第二处：考查副词。分析句子可知，前后语意表示转折关系，且有标点符号。所以副词为however。故将Therefore 改成However。‎ 第三处：考查代词。分析句子可知，work out后接的宾语是 these problems，所以用代词them替代。故将it 改成them。‎ 第四处：考查动名词。approaches to “.的解决方法”，其中to为介词后接动名词作宾语。故将solve改成solving。‎ 第五处：考查连接代词。分析句子可知，focus on后接宾语从句作宾语，其中what作with的宾语。What在名词性从句中一定做成分，而且做主语、宾语、表语或者定语。故将which 改成what。‎ 第六处：考查一般现在时和完全倒装。分析句子可知，作者与读者分享了作者解决问题的方法，用的都是一般现在时，所以本句为一般现在时，句子为完全倒装句，主语为 attractive things，所以谓语为seem。故将seemed 改成seem。‎ 第七处：考查固定短语。believe in“相信.”为固定短语。故将to 改成in。‎ 第八处：考查连词。thought不能与but同时出现在让步从句中，但是可以和yet连用。故删除but或but 改成yet。‎ 第九处：考查名词。the+名词+of表示“.的”。故将lose改成loss。‎ 第十处：考查形容词。keep为系动词，后接形容词作表语。故将modestly 改成modest。‎ ‎【点睛】what常用来引导名词性从句，即主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句.what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点：‎ 一是它在相应的名词性从句中一定有含义，常表示“什么”，“所…的”，“…的样子”等.‎ 二是它在相应的名词性从句中一定做成分，而且常做主语，宾语或表语。‎ 分析第五处的句子可知，focus on后接宾语从句作宾语，其中what作with的宾语。What在相应的名词性从句中一定做成分，而且常做主语，宾语或表语。故将which 改成what。‎ 第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)‎ ‎72.假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Jim 即将来中国旅游。他对中文名字非常感兴趣，并且很想拥有一个中文名字，他向你求助。现请你给他写一封信，包括以下内容:‎ ‎1. 介绍中文名字的特点；‎ ‎2. 给他取一个中文名字并给出理由。‎ 注意:‎ ‎1. 词数100左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3. 文中不要出现真实姓名。‎ Dear Jim,‎ I’m very glad to hear that you will come to visit China.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Jim,‎ I’m very glad to hear that you will come to visit China. There is no doubt that a Chinese name will help you better fit in with the culture in our country.‎ A Chinese name usually consists of two or three characters, which often carry some special significance or expectations. Unlike an English name, the family name is usually put first. And then a given name follows. As you are kind, smart and energetic, I thing Li Yang is most suitable for you. The family name is one of those shared by the largest number of Chinese. The given name means the sun in China.‎ I hope you will like your new name and have a really good time in China.‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文，要求写一封信。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。第一，1. 介绍中文名字的特点；2. 给他取一个中文名字并给出理由。第二，人称为第一人称和第三人称。第三，时态为一般现在时。‎ 第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为三段。第一段，很高兴听说Jim要来中国，介绍拥有中国名字的重要性。第二段，1. 介绍中文名字的特点；2. 给他取一个中文名字并给出理由。第三段，表达希望。‎ 第三步：确定关键词汇和短语: culture，share, mean energetic, characters，significance， expectations，kind, smart energetic, fit in with, consists of ,the family name, given name ,be suitable for。‎ 第四步：确定较为高级的句子:that引导的同位语从句There is no doubt that a Chinese name will help you better fit in with the culture in our country. which引导的非限制性定语从句 A Chinese name usually consists of two or three characters, which often carry some special significance or expectations. As 引导的原因状语从句As you are kind, smart and energetic, I thing Li Yang is most suitable for you。‎ 第五步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接:however，besides，then。‎ 第六步：注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。‎ ‎【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式:that引导的同位语从句There is no doubt that a Chinese name will help you better fit in with the culture in our country. which引导的非限制性定语从句 A Chinese name usually consists of two or three characters, which often carry some special significance or expectations. As 引导的原因状语从句As you are kind, smart and energetic, I thing Li Yang is most suitable for you。‎ 高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎