【英语】山东省淄博市2020届高三第二次线上考试试题（解析版）

【英语】山东省淄博市2020届高三第二次线上考试试题（解析版）

山东省淄博市2020届高三第二次线上考试英语试题 第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5 分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。‎ A Some of Our New Programs STEM Inventions with LittleBits In this invention workshop, students enhance their skills with a great new system of discovery called LittleBits. It’s a platform of easy-to-use electronic building blocks that empower you to invent anything, from your own remote controlled car, to a smart home device. Students will begin with several inventions designed to let them figure out how the components go together, and then they will design and create their own inventions. Ages 7—12.‎ Introduction to Computer Animation In this new program, you will have fun designing and creating your own videos. Students will learn the basic skills needed to create and animate. Whether you are making a LEGO brick film, animating in claymation（黏土动画） or capturing a flower bloom, you can bring anything to life with computer animation. Ages 7—12.‎ Computer Programming with Ozobot In this exciting new program, robotics and coding will become elementary! Have fun expanding your horizons with the help of Ozobot—the tiny smart robot. There is no end to the possibilities, as you create a different landscape of adventures, games and coding with Ozobot. Students will use markers, tablets and laptops for coding. Ages 7—12.‎ Super Science STEM Challenges In this engineering camp, you will have fun integrating Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics by building and designing a wide range of gadgets(小装置), inventive machines, towers and more. Projects include: the Great Tower Challenge, the Standing Cup Pyramid Challenge, Egg Drop Challenge and a host of other fun contests designed to bring out the engineer in you! Ages 7—12.‎ ‎1. What do students acquire with LittleBits?‎ A. The chances to have fun.‎ B. The skills in inventing.‎ C. The power to think.‎ D. The permit for designing.‎ ‎2. What can we know about Ozobot?‎ A. It is of similar size to humans.‎ B. It functions as a computer.‎ C. It can assist children to code.‎ D. It can use markers, tablets and laptops.‎ ‎3. Which program is suitable if a kid is competitive?‎ A. STEM Inventions with LittleBits.‎ B. Introduction to Computer Animation.‎ C. Computer Programming with Ozobot.‎ D. Super Science STEM Challenges.‎ B I have come to southern Florida to see how licensed local snake hunters are helping the government cope with the recent explosion of invasive Burmese pythons (缅甸蟒蛇) that is destroying the region’s wildlife by eating almost everything—from squirrels to rabbits to foxes—in their path.‎ Thirty years ago, there were no Burmese pythons in Florida. Now most experts agree there may be as many as 100,000 to 200,000. And they’re reproducing at an alarming rate. The government has to pay to catch and kill the powerful snakes, which can grow to be 20 feet long, as thick as a telephone pole, and weigh over 200 pounds.‎ I’m with Tom Rahill, a python hunter, who has caught over 500 of the snakes over the last decade and become known as “the snake whisperer” for his success. As we walk along the river bank, I watch Rahill occasionally push a stick into the thick grass. As he looks for more signs, he tells me his stories and about special living habits of snakes.‎ Suddenly Rahill shouts, “SNAKE! There, slowly crossing the limestone road, is a Burmese python.” He rushes to the snake. It looks like a five-to-six-footer. Its thick, full belly indicates it must have killed and eaten recently.‎ Expertly, Rahill moves around the snake as it strikes out at him. He then grabs it with one hand firmly behind its head. I grab its tail firmly as the snake tries hard to wrestle itself away from me. Then, just as Rahill predicted, it poops (排便) all over me.‎ My pants are covered with smelly Burmese python poop. But I don’t care. We’ve finally bagged our python. Rahill and I high-five each other. He asks me if I want to keep hunting. I quickly tell him, “Let’s go!” As Rahill puts it, there are a lot more pythons out there.‎ ‎4. Why does the government pay to catch and kill Burmese pythons?‎ A. Because few people dare to catch Burmese pythons.‎ B. Because Burmese pythons break the region’s ecological balance.‎ C. Because Burmese pythons are difficult to catch.‎ D. Because Burmese pythons are dangerous to people.‎ ‎5. What do we know about Tom Rahill?‎ A. He is a licensed python hunter.‎ B. He is good at telling stories.‎ C. He knows how to speak to snakes.‎ D. He caught 500 pythons last year.‎ ‎6. How does the author feel about hunting pythons with Rahill?‎ A. Guilty. B. Disappointed.‎ C. Funny. D. Excited.‎ ‎7. What does the author mainly tell us in this text?‎ A. The dangerous situation of the wildlife in southern Florida.‎ B. The endangered Burmese python in southern Florida.‎ C. An experience of hunting the ecology-threatening Burmese pythons.‎ D. An experienced python hunter —Tom Rahill.‎ C You’ve probably heard that brick-and-mortar retail (实体零售) is in trouble. Even industry giants are closing hundreds of stores. Given retail’s gradual change to mobile and e-commerce (电子商务), you may be wondering, “What will retail look like in the future?” Nobody knows. But here are a few things you can expect to see based on current technology.‎ Ultrafast delivery is coming. Today, the normal practice is two-day delivery. But if you’ve ‎ been paying attention, you know that’s changing. In fact, a surprisingly high 25% of consumers said that they would abandon their orders if one-day delivery wasn’t available. Of course, that’s just the beginning. Two-hour delivery is coming in the foreseeable future, and Amazon has already been trying 30-minute delivery.‎ Your kitchen will resupply itself. You won’t have to worry about running out of essentials like coffee, pet food or snacks because your containers will sense stock (库存) levels and replace those items without you having to lift a finger. No more waking up to find your coffee store is empty or last-minute trips to the grocery store because you forgot to buy pet food.‎ Know exactly what’s in stock and where. Have you ever gone to a store hoping to buy something, only to learn that they were out of stock? A new feature from Google Home allows people to ask Google Assistants to find in-stock products at the closest store. For example: “Google, where can I find the Nintendo Switch console?” An assistant will tell you how many stores have it right then and how close they are. Of course, it isn’t currently available for all stores in all locations, but you can already see a future when it has become standard.‎ Convenience, experience, and options—retail will take on a new look.‎ ‎8. How does the author develop the passage?‎ A. By asking and answering.‎ B. By clarifying and describing.‎ C. By analyzing and commenting.‎ D. By comparing and concluding.‎ ‎9. What can we know from paragraph 2?‎ A. Consumers can’t get their orders in one day now.‎ B. It is possible to deliver goods within two hours in the future.‎ C. The delivery will be in two days in the future.‎ D. Superfast delivery has widely been used now.‎ ‎10. According to the passage, what will happen in the future?‎ A Retail will disappear gradually.‎ B. Industrial giants will rule the whole retail trade.‎ C. Shopping will be more convenient and effective.‎ D. People will ask Google Assistants to purchase goods.‎ ‎11. What’s the best title of the passage?‎ A. What will retail be like in the future?‎ B. How will new technology change the world?‎ C. How will we run the retail trade in the future?‎ D. What benefits will high-tech bring in the future?‎ D Scientists have discovered a new material that can hold the key to unlocking the potential of hydrogen-powered(氢动力) vehicles.‎ As the world looks towards a gradual move away from fossil-fuel-powered cars and trucks, greener alternative technologies are being explored, such as electric-battery-powered vehicles. Another “green” technology with great potential is hydrogen power. However, the major obstacles have been the size, complexity, and expense of the fuel systems—until now.‎ An international team of researchers, led by Professor David Antonelli of Lancaster University, has discovered a new material that offers a solution. The new material would be used to make molecular sieves(分子过滤器) within fuel tanks—which can store the hydrogen and work alongside fuel cells in a hydrogen-powered “system”. It makes the design of tanks far smaller, cheaper, more convenient and energy-denser than existing hydrogen fuel technologies, and significantly outperform battery-powered vehicles.‎ The cost of manufacturing this new material is so low, and the energy density it can store is so much higher, that the hydrogen fuel cell systems cost five times less than ordinary batteries as well as providing a much longer range—potentially enabling journeys up to around four or five times longer between fill-ups.‎ The new material makes the cooling system unnecessary. This is crucial because it means cooling equipment does not need to be used in vehicles, resulting in systems with the potential to be far more efficient than existing designs.‎ Although vehicles, including cars and heavy goods vehicles, are the most obvious application, this material can also be used in portable devices such as drones or within mobile chargers so people could go on week-long camping trips without having to recharge their devices. It could also be used to run a house or a remote neighborhood off a fuel cell.‎ ‎12. What can we infer from paragraph 2?‎ A. Fossil fuel will soon run out.‎ B. It is impossible to conserve fossil fuel.‎ C. Electric cars will replace gasoline cars.‎ D. It is not economical to use hydrogen power now.‎ ‎13. Which of the following best explains the underlined word “outperform” in paragraph 3?‎ A. Lose control of. B. Take the place of.‎ C. Be less successful than. D. Perform better than.‎ ‎14. What do we know about the new material?‎ A. It’s too complex to make.‎ B. It simplifies the cooling system.‎ C. It’s cheaper and more efficient.‎ D. It can be used only for vehicles.‎ ‎15. In which section of the Internet can you probably find this text?‎ A. Education. B. Science.‎ C. Life. D. Biology.‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Communication Skills for Workplace Success The ability to communicate effectively with superiors, colleagues, and staff is essential. ____16____. These are four communication skills that can help you impress your boss, teammates, and clients.‎ ‎● Listening ‎___17___. No one likes communicating with someone who cares only about putting in her two cents’ worth and does not take the time to listen to the other person. If you’re not a good listener, it’s going to be hard to comprehend what you’re being asked to do.‎ ‎● Nonverbal(非语言) Communication Your body language, eye contact, hand gestures, and tone of voice all color the message you are trying to convey. A relaxed, open stance (arms open, legs relaxed), and a friendly tone will make you appear approachable and will encourage others to speak openly with you.‎ ‎___18___. You want to look the person in the eye to demonstrate that you are focused on them and the conversation. (However, be sure not to stare at the person, which can make him or her uncomfortable.)‎ ‎● Clarity and Concision Good verbal communication means saying just enough—don’t talk too much or too little. ____19____. Say what you want clearly and directly, whether you’re speaking to someone in person or on the phone.‎ ‎● Friendliness Through a nice tone, a personal question, or simply a smile, you will encourage your co-workers to engage in open and honest communication with you. It’s important to be nice and polite in all your workplace communication. ____20____.‎ A. Try to convey your message in as few words as possible B. Also, pay attention to other people’s nonverbal signals while you are talking C. People will be more open to communicating with you if you focus on their ideas D. It will help you get hired, land promotions, and be a success throughout your career E. This is important in both face-to-face and written communication F. Eye contact is also important G. Being a good listener is one of the best ways to be a good communicator 第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)‎ 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Last year, I received a special present. My children ____21____ me a stainless steel coffee machine for my birthday. I love drinking coffee every morning and couldn’t ____22____ to use it. But ____23____ I poured my first cup, the coffee spilled (洒出) all over the table. Thankfully, no one was around to see my ____24____ face! I kept trying, but each morning I ____25____ be seen wiping up the coffee. Then I realized if I poured very ____26____, there could be no spilling. My normal ____27____ was to rush through breakfast to get on with my day. But eventually I learned not only to pour but to ____28____ the experience: the taste and the stillness of a new day.‎ It promoted me to ____29____ upon whether I was rushing through in other areas of my life. So I started to appreciate even the most ____30____ moments. When shop owners apologized for keeping me waiting, I’d say, “Not a problem. I’m not ____31____.” I even enjoyed sitting in front of my house talking with ____32____ and sharing our own stories, ____33____ we had known each other for a long time. It seemed that the world around us slowed to a ____34____ we could handle.‎ Stillness not only slows the pace of life, but also ____35____ the soul, helping us to enjoy the world’s small pleasures and realize the truth of life.‎ ‎21. A. lent B. offered C. gifted D. asked ‎22 A‎. help B. wait C. know D. complain ‎23. A. since B. before C. as D. until ‎24. A. disappointed B. delightful C. amused D. astonished ‎25. A. would B. should C. must D. need ‎26. A. quickly B. casually C. slowly D. patiently ‎27. A. promise B. practice C. tradition D. standard ‎28. A. possess B. clarify C. realize D. enjoy ‎29. A. reflect B. decide C. react D. respond ‎30. A. difficult B. ordinary C. special D. awkward ‎31. A. in difficulty B. in trouble C. in a hurry D. in danger ‎32. A. colleagues B. friends C. relatives D. strangers ‎33. A. only if B. as if C. if only D. if ever ‎34. A. pace B. stage C. point D. occasion ‎35. A. explains B. inspects C. blesses D. feeds 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ The World Health Organization(WHO) has decided on Thursday that the novel coronavirus(新冠病毒) outbreak is considered as an international public health emergency, ____36____ (set) off the global action to prevent the spread of the virus. It is the sixth time that WHO ____37____ (declare) such an emergency since 2005.‎ ‎“The declaration is necessary because human-to-human infections have been confirmed in ‎ other countries. ____38____ virus has now spread to several other Asian nations and reached Australia, the United States and Europe as well.” WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said, “We would have ____39____(probable) seen many more cases and deaths outside China by now without Chinese government’s efforts and the progress they have made ____40____ (protect) their own people and the people of the world.”‎ ‎“The speed with which China reacted to the outbreak and isolated the virus is very ____41____(impress) and beyond words. The Chinese government is to be congratulated for the extraordinary measures it has taken to control the outbreak, despite the terrible social and economic influence those measures are having ____42____ the Chinese people. In many ways, China is actually setting a new standard for outbreak ____43____(respond), and this is not an exaggeration(夸大).” he added. WHO will offer member states a series of suggestions ____44____ are aimed at controlling the spread of the disease and providing support to ____45____(affect) areas.‎ 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（满分15分）‎ ‎46.假设你是校学生会主席李华。你校英国外教Steve一直对中国的茶文化很感兴趣。请你写一封邮件邀请Steve参加即将在你校学生会举办的中国茶文化报告会，邮件内容包括：‎ ‎1. 询问是否愿意参加；‎ ‎2. 报告会时间、地点；‎ ‎3. 报告会主要内容。‎ 注意：1. 词数80左右;‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;‎ ‎3. 结束语已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Dear Steve,‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua 第二节 （满分25 分）‎ ‎47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。‎ Another disappointing day was passing, and he was driving his beat-up old car home. He was out all day looking for a job. It was getting dark and light snow was coming down, so he almost didn’t see the old lady standing on the side of the road. It was clear that she needed help. He pulled up in front of her obviously brand new and expensive car and got out.‎ While nobody had stopped to help for the last hour and there was a smile on his face, she was worried when he approached her. He didn’t look safe. He looked poor and hungry.‎ He could see she was frightened, standing out there in the cold. He said, “I’m here to help you, ma’am. Why don’t you wait in your car to keep warm? My name is Bryan.”‎ A tire was flat. Bryan fetched tools from his own car to change the tire. But he had to get dirty and his hands hurt. As he was tightening her car’s nuts, she rolled down the window, said thanks and asked him how much she owed him. Any amount would have been all right with her. She had already imagined all the awful things that could have happened without his help.‎ Bryan never thought twice about the money. He told her that if she really wanted to pay him back, the next time she saw someone who needed help, she could give that person the assistance they needed. He waited until she started her car and drove off. It had been a cold and depressing day, but he felt good as he headed for home.‎ Soon the lady saw a small restaurant. She went in to grab a bite to eat and warm up before she made the last leg of her trip home. The waitress came over with a sweet smile and brought a clean towel to wipe her wet hair. The lady noticed the waitress was nearly eight months pregnant(怀孕的). Although the waitress looked tired and walked painfully due to the pregnancy, she still served the lady.‎ Paragraph 1:‎ After the lady finished her meal, she paid with a one-hundred-dollar bill.‎ ‎ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2:‎ That night when the waitress got home from work, she was thinking about the money and what the lady had written.‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案解析】‎ 第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)‎ ‎【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个适合孩子参与的科技活动项目。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据STEM Inventions with LittleBits部分的In this invention workshop, students enhance their skills with a great new system of discovery called LittleBits.Students will begin with several inventions designed to let them figure out how the components go together, and then they will design and create their own inventions. 在这个发明工作室里，学生们通过一个叫做LittleBits的伟大的新发现系统来提高他们的技能。学生们将从几项发明开始，这些发明旨在让他们弄清楚组件是如何组合在一起的，然后他们将设计并创造自己的发明。所以通过这个活动，孩子们可以获得创造能力。故选B。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Computer Programming with Ozobot部分的There is no end to the possibilities, as you create a different landscape of adventures, games and coding with Ozobot. 可知，当你用Ozobot创造一个冒险、游戏和编程的不同场景时，可能性是无限的。所以Ozobot可以帮助孩子进行编程。故选C。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据Super Science STEM Challenges部分的In this engineering camp, you will have fun integrating Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics by building and designing a wide range of gadgets(小装置), inventive machines, towers and more.可知，在这个工程夏令营里，你将通过建造和设计各种各样的小玩意、发明的机器、塔楼等，来享受整合科学、技术、工程和数学的乐趣。由此判断出该项目有很多的挑战赛，很适合有竞争力的孩子。故选D。‎ ‎【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。缅甸蟒蛇在佛罗里达州泛滥，政府雇佣捕蛇者去捕蛇。作者讲述了自己和捕蛇者捕蛇的故事。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段的I have come to southern Florida to see how licensed local snake hunters are helping the government cope with the recent explosion of invasive Burmese pythons (缅甸蟒蛇) that is destroying the region’s wildlife by eating almost everything—from squirrels to rabbits to foxes—in their path.可知，政府出钱捉杀缅甸蟒蛇是因为它们所到之处几乎吃光了从松鼠到兔子再到狐狸的所有东西，破坏了该地区的野生动物，威胁了该地的生态平衡。故选B。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段的I have come to southern Florida to see how licensed local snake hunters are helping the government cope with the recent explosion of invasive Burmese pythons可知，作者来到佛罗里达州南部，是想看看当地有执照的捕蛇人是如何帮助政府对付最近大量入侵的缅甸蟒蛇的，结合第三段的I’m with Tom Rahill, a python hunter, who has caught over 500 of the snakes over the last decade and become known as “the snake whisperer” for his success.可知，作者跟随Tom Rahill去捕蛇，因此可以推测出Tom Rahill是一个有执照的捕蛇猎人。故选A。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段的My pants are covered with smelly Burmese python poop. But I don’t care. We’ve finally bagged our python. Rahill and I high-five each other. He asks me if I want to keep hunting. I quickly tell him, “Let’s go!” 可知，作者的裤子上全是缅甸蟒的臭粪但作者不在乎。当捕到了一条蟒蛇，作者和拉希尔互相击掌。而且想要继续打猎。由此可推断出，作者和拉希尔一起打猎感到非常兴奋。故选D。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段I have come to southern Florida to see how licensed local snake hunters are helping the government cope with the recent explosion of invasive Burmese pythons (缅甸蟒蛇) that is destroying the region’s wildlife by eating almost everything—from squirrels to rabbits to foxes—in their pat以及下文可知，缅甸蟒蛇在佛罗里达州泛滥，政府雇佣捕蛇者去捕蛇。作者在文中讲述了自己和捕蛇者捕蛇的经历。故选C。‎ ‎【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了实体零售将渐转变为移动和电子商务，超快交付即将到来，未来，你的厨房可以自给，你可以通过网络软件获知你所需要的东西哪里有库存，总之，未来零售业将呈现出新的面貌——便利、体验和选择。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 推理判断题。文章在第一段中设问“What will retail look like in the future?” “未来的零售业会是什么样子?”,接着就该问题阐述，第四段提出第二个问题Have you ever gone to a store hoping to buy something, only to learn that they were out of stock? 你有没有这样的经历:你去商店想买东西，结果却发现已经脱销了?由此判断出，本文是通过问答的方式开展的。故选A。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段的Today, the normal practice is two-day delivery. But if you’ve been paying attention, you know that’s changing. In fact, a surprisingly high 25% of consumers said that they would abandon their orders if one-day delivery wasn’t available. Of course, that’s just the beginning. Two-hour delivery is coming in the foreseeable future, and Amazon has already been trying 30-minute delivery. 可知，现在，正常的做法是两天交货，有25%的消费者表示，如果不是在一天内送达，他们就会放弃订单，这仅仅是个开始。在可预见的未来，两小时的送货服务即将到来，而亚马逊已经在尝试30分钟的送货服务了。所以从第二段我们可以知道，未来两天内可以将货物送达。故选B。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段Two-hour delivery is coming in the foreseeable future, and Amazon has already been trying 30-minute delivery在可预见的未来，两小时的送货服务即将到来，而亚马逊已经在尝试30分钟的送货服务了。及最后一段的Convenience, experience, and options—retail will take on a new look. 可知，未来的购物将更加方便，高效。故选C。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。文章介绍了实体零售将渐转变为移动和电子商务，超快交付即将到来，未来，你的厨房可以自给，你可以通过网络软件获知你所需要的东西哪里有库存，总之，未来零售业将呈现出新的面貌——便利、体验和选择。因此，本文主要介绍的是未来的零售是什么样子的。故选A。‎ ‎【点睛】文章标题是文章的主旨大意，是最能全面，准确涵盖文章内容，是文章的中心内容，因此，在判断文章标题时要注意准确，全面，此外，注意干扰选项。本题的第4小题，要求选择文章标题，本文主要介绍的是未来的零售是什么样子的，要选A 选项，但考生稍不注意就容易选择C未来我们将如何开展零售业?。‎ ‎【答案】12. D 13. D 14. C 15. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们发现的一种新的新材料，这种新材料将被用来在燃料箱中制造分子筛，它可以储存氢，并与氢动力系统中的燃料电池一起工作。与现有的氢燃料技术相比，它更便宜、更方便、能源密度更高。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段的However, the major obstacles have been the size, complexity, and expense of the fuel systems—until now. 然而，到目前为止，主要的障碍是燃料系统的规模、复杂性和费用。由此判断出，现在使用氢能是不经济的。故选D。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据上文的It makes the design of tanks far smaller, cheaper, more convenient and energy-denser than existing hydrogen fuel technologies, 这使得储罐的设计比现有的氢燃料技术更小、更便宜、更方便、能源密度更高可知，此处是把储罐的设计和现有的氢燃料技术相比较，且储罐设计比现有的技术更好，结合上文语境可知，本句意思是“明显优于电池动力汽车。”因此，outperform意思为“优于，胜过”。故选D。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段的The cost of manufacturing this new material is so low, and the energy density it can store is so much higher, that the hydrogen fuel cell systems cost five times less than ordinary batteries as well as providing a much longer range可知，制造这种新材料的成本很低，它所能储存的能量密度很高，氢燃料电池系统的成本比普通电池低五倍，而且续航里程也远得多。所以新材料它更便宜，效率更高。故选C。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。文章主要介绍了科学家们发现的一种新的新材料，这种新材料将被用来在燃料箱中制造分子筛，它可以储存氢，并与氢动力系统中的燃料电池一起工作。它可以应用于汽车，便携式设备等。本文是关于科技方面的，因此，文章可能在互联网的科技部分找到本文。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为①定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。②逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关 系词等猜测词义。③语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。④语境猜词⑤指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容。本文中的第2小题是词义猜测题，该小题属于语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析。根据上文的It makes the design of tanks far smaller, cheaper, more convenient and energy-denser than existing hydrogen fuel technologies, 这使得储罐的设计比现有的氢燃料技术更小、更便宜、更方便、能源密度更高可知，此处是把储罐的设计和现有的氢燃料技术相比较，且储罐设计比现有的技术更好，结合上文语境可知，本句意思是“明显优于电池动力汽车。”因此，outperform意思为“优于，胜过”。‎ ‎【答案】16. D 17. G 18. F 19. A 20. E ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了职场沟通的几点技巧。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据上文The ability to communicate effectively with superiors, colleagues, and staff is essential. 与上级、同事和员工有效沟通的能力至关重要。可知，选项D“它将帮助你找到工作，获得晋升，并在你的职业生涯中获得成功”与上文衔接最好，此处的it指代的是上文提到的 The ability to communicate effectively。故选D。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据下文No one likes communicating with someone who cares only about putting in her two cents’ worth and does not take the time to listen to the other person. If you’re not a good listener… 没有人喜欢和一个只关心自己的意见而不花时间去听别人说话的人交流。如果你不善于倾听…..并结合小标题可知，选项G“成为一个好的倾听者是成为一个好的沟通者的最好方法之一” 最合语境，尤其是关键词“a good listener”。故选G。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 本部分小标题为“非语言交流”，根据下文的You want to look the person in the eye to demonstrate that you are focused on them and the conversation. 你想要看着对方的眼睛来表明你在关注他们和谈话。可知，选项F“眼神交流非常重要”与下文衔接。故选F。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 本部分的小标题为“简单明了”，上文提到良好的口头交流意味着说得刚刚好——‎ 不要说得太多或太少。下文提到无论你是当面还是在电话里，都要清楚而直接地说你想要什么。因此，选项A“尽量用尽量少的语言来传达你的信息”最合上下文语境。故选A。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 本部分的小标题为“友好”，根据上文It’s important to be nice and polite in all your workplace communication. 在所有工作场合的交流中，礼貌待人是很重要的。可知，选项E“这在面对面和书面交流中都很重要”与上文衔接最好。故选E。‎ 第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)‎ ‎【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。作者的孩子给作者送了一台咖啡机，做咖啡的经历使作者领悟到：减慢生活的节奏，可以滋养我们的灵魂，帮助我们享受这个世界的小乐趣，认识到生活的真谛。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的孩子们送给我一台不锈钢咖啡机作为生日礼物。A. lent借；B. offered提供；C. gifted赠送；D. asked要。根据上文Last year, I received a special present. 可知，咖啡机是孩子们送给我的。故选C。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢每天早上喝咖啡，迫不及待地想用它。 A. help帮助；B. wait等待；C. know知道；D. complain抱怨。根据句意可知，作者是迫不及待的想用。couldn’t help do sth“迫不及待做某事”，couldn’t wait to do sth“迫不及待做某书”。故选B。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查连词词义辨析。句意：但当我倒第一杯咖啡时，咖啡洒了一桌子。 A. since自从…..以来；B. before在…..之前；C. as当…..时候；D. until直到…..才。根据句意和语境可知，是倒咖啡的时候撒了一桌子，用as引导时间状语从句。故选C。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，没有人看到我失望的表情。A. disappointed失望的；B. delightful高兴的；C. amused觉得好笑的；D. astonished吃惊的。根据上文But ________ I poured my first cup, the coffee spilled (洒出) all over the table. 可知，作者是失望的。故选A。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直在努力，但每天早上都能看到我在擦拭咖啡。A. would 会；B. should应该；C. must一定；D. need需要。根据下文Then I realized if I poured very ________, there could be no spilling. 可知，作者每天都会把咖啡撒出来。故选A。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后我意识到，如果我倒得很慢，就不会洒出来。A. quickly快速地；B. casually随便地；C. slowly慢慢地；D. patiently耐心地。根据下文My normal ________ was to rush through breakfast to get on with my day. 可知，作者总是在早上很匆忙，撒咖啡应是太着急，倒得太快，因此，此处是慢慢倒。故选C。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我通常的做法是匆匆吃完早餐，开始新的一天。A. promise承诺；B. practice实践，惯例；C. tradition传统；D. standard标准。根据上文语境及下文的But eventually I learned not only to pour but to ________ the experience: the taste and the stillness of a new day.可知，作者通常的做法是匆匆吃完早餐，开始新的一天。故选B。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但最终我不仅学会了倒咖啡，还学会了享受新的一天的味道和安静。A. possess拥有；B. clarify澄清；C. realize意识到；D. enjoy喜欢，享受。根据上文语境可知，作者每天都很匆忙，现在作者从倒咖啡领悟到要慢下来，享受生活。故选D。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它促使我思考，我是否在生活的其他领域中也匆忙行事。A. reflect反射，深思；B. decide决定；C. react反应；D. respond回应。reflect upon考虑，根据上文语境可知，作者开始考虑生活中的其他方面是否也是匆忙行事。故选A。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以我开始欣赏即使是最平常的时刻。A. difficult困难的；B. ordinary普通的；C. special特别的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据上文It promoted me to ________ upon whether I was rushing through in other areas of my life. 可知，作者开始反思生活中其他方面，结合下文作者所列举的事例可知，都是生活中平常的事情。故选B。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查介词短语辨析。句意：当店主为让我久等而道歉时，我会说，没问题。我不赶时间。A. in difficulty处境困难；B. in trouble处于不幸中；C. in a hurry立即，匆忙；D. in danger处于危险中。根据上文语境可知，作者学会了让自己慢下来，此处是举例，因此，作者说不赶时间。故选C。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我甚至喜欢坐在房子前面和陌生人聊天，分享我们自己的故事，就好像我们已经认识很长时间了。A. colleagues同事；B. friends朋友；C. relatives亲戚；D. strangers陌生人。根据句意和句中we had known each other for a long time. 使用的是过去完成时可知，这是一种虚拟语气，因此，此处是指和陌生人交谈。故选D。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查连词词义辨析。句意同上。 A. only if只要；B. as if好像；C. if only只要；D. if ever如果有的话。根据句意可知，是和陌生人交谈，因此，用as if最合语境，这是一种虚拟。故选B。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：似乎我们周围的世界慢了下来。A. pace步伐，步速；B. stage台阶；C. point要点；D. occasion场合。根据下文Stillness not only slows the pace of life,可知，作者放慢脚步去生活，周围的世界也跟着慢了下来。故选A。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：静止不仅减慢了生活的节奏，也滋养了我们的灵魂，帮助我们享受世界上的小乐趣，认识生命的真谛。A. explains解释；B. inspects检查；C. blesses祝福；D. feeds 为......提供养料。根据上文语境和句意可知，此处是指慢节奏的的生活滋养了我们的灵魂。故选D。‎ ‎【答案】36. setting 37. has declared 38. The 39. probably 40. to protect 41. impressive 42. on 43. response/respond 44. that/which 45. affected ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了现在爆发的疫情——新冠病毒，它已经在全世界范围爆发。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：世界卫生组织星期四决定，这次新的冠状病毒爆发被认为是一次国际公共卫生紧急事件，这引发了全球防止病毒传播的行动。分析句式可知，设空处所在部分是做句子的状语，逻辑主语为the novel coronavirus outbreak，与set off之间是主动关系，用现在分词作结果状语。故填setting。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查时态。句意：这是自2005年以来世卫组织第六次宣布此类紧急情况。This is the sixth time that….这是个固定句型，当主句是一般现在时（is），that后的从句使用现在完成时，主语WHO是单三形式，用has done。故填has declared。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查冠词。virus做句子的主语，指上文提到的新冠病毒，是特指，需用冠词the修饰，位于句首，首字母大写。故填The。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查副词。probable是形容词，是修饰后面的动词seen，副词用来修饰动词，因此用其副词形式。故填probably。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：如果没有中国政府的努力和他们在保护本国人民和世界人民方面取得的进步，我们现在很可能会在中国以外看到更多的病例和死亡。分析句式可知，此处用不定式修饰名词progress做后置定语。故填to protect。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：中国对疫情的反应速度和隔离病毒的速度令人印象深刻，难以言表。根据空前的副词very可知，此处用形容词做is的表语。故填impressive。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查介词。have an influence on是固定短语，意思是“对……有影响”。故填on。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：在许多方面，中国实际上正在为应对疫情制定新的标准，这并不夸张。for是介词，其后用名词/名词短语作宾语，respond是动词，但也具有名词的性质，其另一种名词形式为response。故填response/respond。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。句意：世卫组织将向会员国提供一系列建议，旨在控制该病的传播并向受影响地区提供支持。空后的句子是修饰名词suggestions，因此，这是个定语从句，先行词为suggestions，指物，从句缺少主语，用which或that引导。故填that/which。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。分析句式可知，所给提示词是修饰名词area，与其是被动关系，因此，用过去分词作定语。故填affected。‎ ‎【点睛】定语从句是复合句考查的重点之一，对于定语从句，要做到四点：一是准确判断出该句是定语从句；二是找准先行词；三是分析出从句所缺少的成分；四是掌握关系词的基本用法。只有做到这三点才能准确的判断出该使用哪个关系词。本题中的第9小题考查的是定语从句的关系词，空后的句子是修饰名词suggestions，因此，这是个定语从句，先行词为suggestions，指物，从句缺少主语，用which或that引导。‎ 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节 （满分15分）‎ ‎【答案】Dear Steve,‎ I’m Li Hua, chairman of the Student Union. Knowing that you are interested in Chinese tea culture. I will tell you a piece of good news.‎ There will be a special report on Chinese tea culture at 3 o’clock this Friday afternoon in the lecture hall of our school. The history and development of Chinese tea culture will be introduced. Then it will be followed by a tea party and you can taste different kinds of tea while chatting with us. I wonder if you’d like to participate in it. I’m sure it can leave a wonderful impression on you! Your attendance is greatly expected.‎ Looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文，要求写一封邀请信。‎ ‎【详解】根据提示信息，假设你是校学生会主席李华。你校英国外教Steve一直对中国的茶文化很感兴趣。要求你写一封邮件邀请Steve参加即将在你校学生会举办的中国茶文化报告会。1.首先注意时态以将来时为主，其次人称使用第三人称。2.根据文章的写作要求，可以分为三大部分;第一部分询问是否愿意参加；第二部分告知报告会时间、地点；第三部分介绍报告会主要内容。3. 注意使用高级词汇和句式，为文章增添色彩；注意使用连接词、衔接词，使文章自然、流畅。‎ ‎【点睛】本文内容完整，要点齐全。文章使用了几个高分句型。1. There will be a special report on Chinese tea culture at 3 o’clock this Friday afternoon in the lecture hall of our school. 本句使用了there be句型的将来时。2. Then it will be followed by a tea party and you can taste different kinds of tea while chatting with us. while 引导的时间状语从句，且使用了省略（省去了从句的主语you和be动词are）。3. I wonder if you’d like to participate in it.if引导的宾语从句。‎ 第二节 （满分25 分）‎ ‎【答案】Paragraph 1:‎ After the lady finished her meal, she paid with a one-hundred-dollar bill. The waitress quickly went to get change for her hundred-dollar bill, but the old lady had driven off. She was gone by the time the waitress came back. The waitress wondered where the lady did so. Then she noticed something written on a napkin. There were tears in her eyes when she read what the lady wrote “You don't owe me anything. I have been there too. Somebody, once helped me out the way I’m helping you. If you really want to pay me back, here is what you dodo not let this chain of love end with you.” Under the napkin were four more hundred-dollar bills.‎ Paragraph 2:‎ That night when the waitress got home from work, she was thinking about the money and what the lady had written. She was wondering how the lady knew she and her husband were in need. With the baby to be bom next month, life was going to be hard. She knew how worried her husband was, and now everything is going to be all right. Knowing what had happened, her husband, Bryan, shed tears of joy and gratitude.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文，要求续写该故事。‎ ‎【详解】根据文章内容可知，布莱恩帮助了一位女士，但他不求回报，希望女士将爱传递下去，女士走后去餐馆吃饭，根据第一段提示内容“那位女士用完餐后，她付了一百美元。”可以推测出本段是讲述女士用她的方式把爱传递给了孕妇服务员；根据第二段的提示内容“那天晚上，当女服务员下班回家时，她在想那笔钱和那位女士写的东西。”可知，本段应是讲述服务员回家后告诉家人所发生的的事，可以设想一下戏剧性的结局，比如女服务员的丈夫就是布莱恩。‎ ‎【点睛】本文续写完全符合要求，思路清晰，情节合理。文章使用了几个高分句型。1. The waitress wondered where the lady did so. 本句是where引导的宾语从句。2. If you really want to pay me back, here is what you dodo not let this chain of love end with you.” 本句含if 引导的条件状语从句和what引导的表语从句。3. She was wondering how the lady knew she and her husband were in need. 本句是how引导的宾语从句。‎