广东省化州市2021届高三12月综合能力测试英语试题 Word版含解析

广东省化州市2021届高三12月综合能力测试英语试题 Word版含解析

广东省2021届高三综合能力测试英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号及条形码填写和贴在答题卡对应位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。4.本试卷共6页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAfewbooksrecommendedbyBillGatesReadingismyfavoritewaytoindulge（放纵）mydesiretoknowtheworld.AlthoughIgettomeetwithalotofinterestingpeopleandvisitfascinatingplacesthroughmywork,Istillthinkbooksarethebestwaytoexplorenewtopicsthatinterestyou.HerearefouramazingbooksIreadrecently:Evicted:PovertyandProfitintheAmericanCity,byMatthewDesmond.Ifyouwantagoodunderstandingofhowtheissuesthatcausepovertyaretwisted（交织）together,youshouldreadthisbook.DesmondgavemeabettersenseofwhatitisliketobepoorinthiscountrythananythingelseIhaveread.EnergyandCivilization:AHistory,byVaclavSmil.Smilisoneofmyfavoriteauthors,andthisishismostfamousbook.Hepresentsclearlyhowourneedforenergyhasshapedhumanhistory.It’snottheeasiestbooktoread,butattheendyou’llfeelsmarterandbetterinformedabouthowenergyinnovationchangesthecourseofcivilizations.TheBestWeCouldDo,byThiBui.Thisnovelexploreswhatitmeanstobeaparentandarefugee（难民）.Theauthor’sfamilyfledVietnamin1978.Aftergivingbirthtoherownchild, shedecidestolearnmoreaboutherparents’experiencesofgrowingupinacountrytornapartbyforeignoccupiers.BelieveMe:AMemoirofLove,Death,andJazzChickens,byEddieIzzard.Izzard’spersonalstoryinthisbookisattractive:hesurvivedadifficultchildhoodandworkedcontinuouslytoovercomehislackofnaturaltalentandbecomeaninternationalstar.Ifyou’reahugefenofhimlikeIam,you’lllovethisbook.Hiswrittenvoiceisverysimilartohisstagevoice,andIfoundmyselflaughingoutloudseveraltimeswhilereadingit.1.WhatdoesMatthewDesmondtrytoexplore?A.Differentcausesofpoverty.B.Thestruggleofpoorpeople.C.Howtoescapefrompoverty.D.Waystoliveinapoorcountry.2.ThebookEnergyandCivilization:AHistoryfellsintothecategoryof_____.A.economyB.educationC.literatureD.history3.Whatdothelasttwobookshaveincommon?A.Theyarepopulararoundtheworld.B.Theyareexpectedtoinspirereaders.C.Theyfocusonlivesofordinarypeople.D.Theyarebasedonpersonalexperiences.【答案】1.A2.D3.D【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了比尔·盖茨推荐的四本书。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Ifyouwantagoodunderstandingofhowtheissuesthatcausepovertyaretwisted（交织）together,youshouldreadthisbook.DesmondgavemeabettersenseofwhatitisliketobepoorinthiscountrythananythingelseIhaveread.”（如果你想很好地理解导致贫困的问题是如何交织在一起的，你应该读这本书。德斯蒙德比我读过的任何东西都能让我更好地理解这个国家的贫穷）可知，马修·德斯蒙德在书中探寻贫穷的不同原因，故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Hepresentsclearlyhowourneedforenergyhasshapedhuman history.”（他清楚地展示了我们对能源的需求如何塑造了人类历史）可知，《能源与文明：一段历史》属于历史范畴，故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Theauthor’sfamilyfledVietnamin1978.Aftergivingbirthtoherownchild,shedecidestolearnmoreaboutherparents’experiencesofgrowingupinacountrytornapartbyforeignoccupiers.”（1978年，作者一家逃离越南。生下自己的孩子后，她决定更多地了解她的父母在一个在外国侵略者的铁蹄蹂躏下的国家成长的经历）及最后一段“Izzard’spersonalstoryinthisbookisattractive:hesurvivedadifficultchildhoodandworkedcontinuouslytoovercomehislackofnaturaltalentandbecomeaninternationalstar.”（伊扎德在这本书中的个人故事很吸引人：他度过了艰难的童年，并不断努力克服自己缺乏天赋的缺陷，成为一名国际明星）可知，这两本书的共同点是它们都基于作者本人的真实经历，故选D。BOnedilemmathatthesuperfamousfaceisbalancingtheneedsofprivacyandrecognition.Forsomestarsprivacyisanovervaluedthing.In1919,DouglasFairbanksandMaryPickfordwentontheirEuropeanhoneymoon.Thetwointernationalidolshaddivorcedtheirpreviousspouses（配偶）andwereconcernedabouthowtheywouldbegreeted.Theyneedn’thaveworried.InLondontheircarwassurroundedbyadmiringwomenwhopulledMaryoutofthecartoshakeherhand,stillgratefulaftertwoyearsforhereffortssellingwarbonds.InParistheycouldn’tgetanysleepwithcrowdsgatheringbelowtheirhotelroomtosingandplayforthem.InAmsterdamtheyattendedapartyandweremobbed（包围）byotherguestswhowantedtogetclosetothem.TheathleticFairbanksplacedhiswifeonhisshoulderandescapedthroughthewindow.Finally,theyfoundprivacyinHamburg,wheretheirmovieswerenotshownbecauseofWorldWarI.Foranhourthefamousnewly-marriedcouplewalkedthestreetsunnoticeduntiltheboredMaryturnedtoherhusbandandsaid,“Doug,I’msickofthis.Let’sgobacktooneofthosecountrieswheretheymobus.”JoanCrawfordhadsimilarfeelings.Onceinthe1930sshewasstayinginNewYorkgettingoverherbreakupwithClarkGable.Tiredofstayingaroundherhotelfeelingsodownshetoldherentourage（随从）theyshouldgooutandgetsomefreshair.Theentourage,whohadtroublekeepingupwiththestar’squickpace,wereshockedwhenshewalkedawayfromtheirplannedroad."OhmyGod.She’sgoingintoGrandCentralStation!"Someoneshouted,“Look,it’sJoan Crawford!Andshewasmobbed.Ittookthemthirtyminutestoescapethecrowdandgetbacktotheirhotelsuite.Herhairdisheveled（凌乱），herdresstomandherfacescratched,Crawfordleanedagainstthedooroutofbreath."Oh.,.ohmy.Thatwaswonderful.Let’sdoitagain!”4.WhatdidDouglasandMaryworryaboutbeforegoingtoEurope?A.Nobodywouldgreetthem.B.Theywouldn’tbewelcomed.C.Theirwarbondswouldn’tsellwell.D.Theirschedulewouldbemadepublic.5.WhatdoesMary’swordsinthesecondparagraphsuggest?A.Hamburgwastooquietaplaceforher.B.Hermoviesweren’tshowninHamburg.C.Shefellillafterarrivinginanewplace.D.Shedidn’treallyenjoyprivacysomuch.6.WhatdidJoanCrawfordthinkofherbeingmobbedinNewYork?A.Amusing.B.Enjoyable.C.Dangerous.D.Embarrassing.7.Theauthortellsstoriesaboutthemoviestarstoshowthat______.A.theymayfeeldownfromtimetotimeB.theydeservepeople’sloveandrespectC.theyneedbothprivacyandpublicattentionD.theyarenotalwayspopulararoundtheworld【答案】4.B5.D6.B7.C【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章通过一些明星的案例说明一些名人面临的一个难题是如何平衡隐私和知名度的需要。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第三句“Thetwointernationalidolshaddivorcedtheirpreviousspouses（配偶）andwereconcernedabouthowtheywouldbegreeted.”（这两位国际偶像已经与前任离婚，他们很担心自己会受到怎样的欢迎。）可知，他们在去欧洲之前担心他们不会受到欢迎。故选B。 【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一句““Doug,I’msickofthis.Let’sgobacktooneofthosecountrieswheretheymobus.””（道格，我受够了。让我们回到那些人们把我们团团围住的国家去吧。）可推知，她真的不太喜欢隐私。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Thatwaswonderful.Let’sdoitagain!”（这是美妙的。让我们再来一次!）可推知，琼·克劳馥(JoanCrawford)认为自己在纽约被团团围住是一种享受。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Onedilemmathatthesuperfamousfaceisbalancingtheneedsofprivacyandrecognition.”（超级名人面临的一个难题是如何平衡隐私和知名度的需要。）以及下文两个例子可知，文章主要是为了展示电影明星既需要隐私也需要公众关注。故选C。CThenexttimeyourbrainrefusestorecallasimplefactorname,bethankful.Thatcouldbeasignthatyourbrainisgettingridofunnecessaryinformationsothatitcanoperatemoreefficiently,andhelpyoumakebetterdecisions.Researcherswhostudyhowthebrainstoresinformationfindthatwhenneurons（神经元）areconnectedtothehippocampus—aregionofthebrainthatplaysasignificantroleinlearningandremembering-theyoverwrite（覆盖）oldmemories,makingthemhardertoaccess.Whydoesthebrainspendsomuchenergyerasingmemories?Researchersbelievethatforgettingoldinformationmakesthebrainmoreefficient.Ina2016study,ateamofscientiststaughtagroupofmicetolocateamaze（迷宫）.Theresearcherserasedthememoriesofsomemicewithdrugsandmovedthemaze.Themicewhostillhadmemoriesofitsoriginallocationhadahardertimefindingthenewsitethanthosethathadnomemory.Additionally,theteambelievesthatkeepingtoomuchdetailcouldpreventpeoplefrommakinggooddecisions.Infact,evolutionhasshapedourmemorynottowinagameofunimportantmatters,buttomakeintelligentdecisions.Andwhenwelookatwhat’sneededtomakeintelligentdecisions,wewouldarguethatthatit’shealthytoforgetsomethings.Thescientistssaywhatthebraindecidestoforgetisdeterminedbyourdailylife.Thememoriesthebraindecidestoloseareexactlythosedetailsfromyourlifethatdon’tactuallymatterandthat maybekeepingyoufrommakinggooddecisions.Sothenexttimeyouareunabletorecallaseeminglyimportantfact,don’tbehardonyourself.Yourbrainismakingroomforinformationthatcancontributetomakingyousmarter!Remember,evenAlbertEinsteinwasabsent-minded!8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inParagraph2referto?A.Oldmemories.B.Newmemories.C.Neurons.D.Researchers.9.Whatdoesthe2016studysuggest?A.Oldmemoriesaffectsdecision-making.B.Oldmemoriescan’tbeerasedbydrugs.C.Micecan’tlocateamazewithoutmemories.D.Drugsmakemicesmarterinlocatingamaze.10.Whatdoesthelastsentenceofthetextimply?A.Itisn’teasytomakeintelligentdecisions.B.Einsteinwasasordinaryasnormalpeople.C.It’snormalforpeopletoforgetsmallthings.D.Einsteinisagoodexampleofabsent-mindedness.11.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowDoesYourBrainWork?B.HowCanWeBecomeSmarter?C.ForgettingMakesYouSmarterD.BrainChoosesWhatToMemorize【答案】8.A9.A10.C11.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了大脑会自动过滤一些无用的信息，而这其实可以让人们在接下来做出更多更好的选择，也可以通过遗忘垃圾信息来使得自己更聪明。【8题详解】词句猜测题。Them指代上文中的复数名词，根据上文“aregionofthebrainthatplaysasignificantroleinlearningandremembering-theyoverwriteoldmemories”（大脑中对学习和记忆起重要作用的区域——它们覆盖了旧的记忆）可知，them指代的是memories。故选A。 【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Themicewhostillhadmemoriesofitsoriginallocationhadahardertimefindingthenewsitethanthosethathadnomemory.”（那些仍然记得原来位置的老鼠比那些没有记忆的老鼠更难找到新的位置。）和文章第四段“Additionally,theteambelievesthatkeepingtoomuchdetailcouldpreventpeoplefrommakinggooddecisions.”（此外，该团队认为，保留太多细节会妨碍人们做出正确的决定。）可知，2016年的研究表明旧记忆会影响决定。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“Remember,evenAlbertEinsteinwasabsent-minded!”（记住，甚至阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦都是健忘的!）可推知，最后一句暗示人们忘记小事是很正常的。故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Sothenexttimeyouareunabletorecallaseeminglyimportantfact,don’tbehardonyourself.Yourbrainismakingroomforinformationthatcancontributetomakingyousmarter!”（所以，下次当你想不起一个看似重要的事实时，不要对自己太苛刻。你的大脑为能让你更聪明的信息腾出空间！）可知，文章主要讲述了大脑会自动过滤一些无用的信息，而这其实可以让人们在接下来做出更多更好的选择，也可以通过遗忘垃圾信息来使得自己更聪明。C项：ForgettingMakesYouSmarter（遗忘让你更聪明）为最佳标题。故选C。DHowwoulditfeeltobethelastpersononEarthwhospeaksyourlanguage?Forthoseofuswhosenativelanguageshavemillionsofspeakers,it’salmostimpossibletoimagine.Andyetlanguageshavecomeandgonethroughouthumanhistory,andtheycontinuetodoso.Linguistsestimatethatoftheworld’sapproximately6,900languages,morethanhalfareatriskofdyingoutbytheendofthe21stcentury.Sometimeslanguagesdieoutquickly.Thiscanhappenwhensmallcommunitiesofspeakersarewipedoutbydisastersorwar.InElSalvador,forexample,speakersoftheindigenous（土生土长的）LencaandCacaoperaabandonedtheirlanguagestoavoidbeingidentifiedasIndiansafterSalvadorantroopskilledtensofthousandsofmostlyindigenouspeasantsin1932inordertoputdownanuprising（起义）. Mostlanguages,though,dieoutgraduallyasmanygenerationsofspeakersbecomeverygoodattwolanguagesandthenbegintolosetheiradvantagesintheirtraditionallanguages.Thisoftenhappenswhenspeakersseektolearnamore-respectedlanguageinordertogainsocialandeconomicadvantagesortoavoiddiscrimination.ThegradualdisappearanceofCopticasaspokenlanguageinEgyptfollowingtheriseofArabicinthe7thcenturyisoneexampleofthistypeofchange.Modernizationandglobalizationhavestrengthenedtheseforces,andpeoplesaroundtheworldnowfacegreatpressuretoadoptthecommonlanguagesusedingovernment,commerce,technology,entertainment,anddiplomacy.Dolanguageshaveanafterlife?Inmanycases,yes.Dedicatedpreservationistsoftenbringlanguagesbackintouseagainasamatterofregionalorethnic（民族的）identity.Themost-famousexampleisHebrew,whichdiedoutasaspokenlanguageinthe2ndcenturyCE（althoughitcontinuedtobeusedasalanguageofreligionandscholarship）.Thespokenlanguagereturnedtoitsregularusageinamodernizedforminthe19th-20thcenturyandisnowthefirstlanguageofmillionsofpeopleinIsrael.12.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.Whylanguagesdie.B.Wherelanguagesgo.C.Howlanguagessurvive.D.Whenlanguageschange.13.HowdoesawarinfluencealanguageaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Bycreatingamuchbetterlanguage.B.Byorderingpeopletouseanotherone.C.Byforbiddingpeopletouseitinpublic.D.Bydecreasingthenumberofitsspeakers.14.WhatcanbelearnedaboutCopticinthe7thcentury?A.Itsspeakershadhigherearningsthanothers.B.Itwasconsideredless-respectedthanArabic.C.Itspeededupmodernizationandglobalization.D.ItsdisappearanceresultedinthepopularityofArabic.15.TheexampleofHebrewsuggeststhat_____. A.somelanguageshaveadvantagesoverothersB.measuresshouldbetakentoprotectlanguagesC.deadlanguageshaveachancetobeusedagainD.languagesareimportanttoreligionandscholarship【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。全世界有一半多的语言面临在21世纪末消失的危险，文章讲了语言消失的原因及语言消失后有可能被重新使用。12题详解】主旨大意题。第1段写全世界有一半多的语言面临在21世纪末消失的危险；第2、3段写语言消失的原因；第4段写语言消失后有可能被重新使用。A项中“语言为什么会消失”最能概括全文的主要内容。故选A项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“speakersoftheindigenous（土生土长的）LencaandCacaoperaabandonedtheirlanguagestoavoidbeingidentifiedasIndiansafterSalvadorantroopskilledtensofthousandsofmostlyindigenouspeasantsin1932（1932年萨尔瓦多军队杀害了数以万计的土著农民后，使用土著兰卡语和卡考佩拉语的人就放弃了自己的语言，以免被认定为印第安人）”可知，由于战争中军队的屠杀，很多人们为了保住性命而放弃自己的语言。即战争会通过减少讲某种语言的人口数量来对语言产生影响。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Mostlanguages,though,dieoutgradually（然而，大多数语言是逐渐消亡的）”和“Thisoftenhappenswhenspeakersseektolearnamore-respectedlanguage（当说话者试图学习一门更受尊重的语言时，这种情况经常发生）”以及“ThegradualdisappearanceofCopticasaspokenlanguageinEgyptfollowingtheriseofArabicinthe7thcenturyisoneexampleofthistypeofchange.（7世纪阿拉伯语崛起后，作为埃及口语的科普特语逐渐消失，这就是这种变化的一个例子。）”可推断出，Coptic之所以消失是因为人们认为它不如Arabic更受尊重。故选B项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Dedicatedpreservationistsoftenbringlanguagesbackintouseagainasamatterofregionalorethnicidentity. Themost-famousexampleisHebrew 有奉献精神的语言保护主义者经常将语言重新投入使用，以体现地区或民族身份。最著名的例子是希伯来语。”可知，作者用希伯来语举例子是为了说明消失的语言有机会被重新使用。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选山可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Painisusuallyconnectedtoanervoussystem.Whenyouputyourhandtooclosetoahotstove,nervecellssendawarningofdangertoyourbrain.___16___That,inturn,causesyoutopullyourhandawaybeforeanyseriousdamageisdone.Plantsdon’thavenervesorbrains,sotheycan’tfeelpainlikeyoudo.___17___Andsincetheycan’tescapeapotentiallydangeroussituation,theyneedotherwaysoffightingback.Thebiggestthreattoaplant’slifeisgettingeaten.Someplantsdiscourageplant-eatersfromchewingonthembygrowingthornsorsharplittlehairs,likearoseoracactusdoes.Otherplantsproducebad-tastingoreventoxicchemicals.___18___Butaplantcalledbittersweetnightshadedoessomethingevenmoresmartly.Whenaslug,asmallcreature,chewsholesinanightshade’sleaf,akindofsweetjuicebeginsdrippingoutoftheedgesofthewound,almostasiftheplantwerebleeding.___19___Intheirquesttocollectthejuice,theantsgatherallovertheinjurednightshadeplantandattackanythingthatstandsintheirway-includingtheslugthatdamagedtheplantinthefirstplace.Inshort:Slugattacksplant;plantcallsarmyofantstocomeclosertokillslug.Thus,theplantcanhelpitselfbycallingtheenemiesofitsownenemies.___20___Buttheyhavearmiesofcold-bloodedkillersalwaysreadytoobeytheirorders.A.Plantsmaylooklikepassivevictims.B.Yourbrainrecognizesthatsignalaspain.C.Thissweetjuicesuccessfullydrivestheslugaway.D.Yourbrainisdefinitelyacomplexnervoussystem,E.Thesweetjuicehappenstobeafavoritefoodofants.F.Theseforcepotentialattackerstoabandontheirmeals.G.Butplantsdefinitelydorecognizewhensomethingishurtingthem.【答案】16.B17.G18.F19.E20.A 【解析】本文是说明文。介绍了植物自我保护的一些方法。【16题详解】上句“Whenyouputyourhandtooclosetoahotstove,nervecellssendawarningofdangertoyourbrain.”当你把手太靠近热火炉时，神经细胞会向大脑发出危险警告。下句应该介绍大脑收到信号后会如何反应，B项Yourbrainrecognizesthatsignalaspain.（你的大脑将这个信号识别为疼痛。）承接上文，其中的Yourbrain和上文的yourbrain一致，故选B。【17题详解】下句“Andsincetheycan’tescapeapotentiallydangeroussituation,theyneedotherwaysoffightingback.”(由于它们无法逃离潜在的危险情况，它们需要其他的反击方式。)与其连接，上文应该说明植物怎样判断危险情况，G项Butplantsdefinitelydorecognizewhensomethingishurtingthem.(但植物确实能识别出伤害它们的东西。)说明了植物具备这种能力，下句中的they指代G项中的plants，其中apotentiallydangeroussituation和G项中的somethingishurtingthem.指的是相同的情况。故选G。18题详解】本段主要介绍植物怎样自我保护不被动物吃掉，下文介绍了具体方法。上句“Otherplantsproducebad-tastingoreventoxicchemicals.”(其他植物会产生味道不好的甚至有毒的化学物质。)下文应该介绍这样做的作用，F项Theseforcepotentialattackerstoabandontheirmeals.承接上文，These指代上句的bad-tastingoreventoxicchemicals，故选F。【19题详解】上文“Whenaslug,asmallcreature,chewsholesinanightshade’sleaf,akindofsweetjuicebeginsdrippingoutoftheedgesofthewound,almostasiftheplantwerebleeding.”介绍了当蛞蝓咬破龙葵叶子上的洞时，一种甜甜的汁液就会从伤口边缘滴出来，就好像龙葵在流血。下句介绍“Intheirquesttocollectthejuice,theantsgatherallovertheinjurednightshadeplantandattackanythingthatstandsintheirway-includingtheslugthatdamagedtheplantinthefirstplace.”为了收集汁液，蚂蚁聚集在受伤的龙葵周围，攻击任何挡道的东西，包括首先破坏了龙葵的蛞蝓。上文提到龙葵汁液和蛞蝓，下文提到蚂蚁，空处应该交代蚂蚁和二者的关系。E项Thesweetjuicehappenstobeafavoritefoodofants.(这种甜汁恰好是蚂蚁最喜欢的食物。)承上启下，自然连接上下文。Thesweetjuice承接上文，ants引出下文，故选E。【20题详解】 下句“Buttheyhavearmiesofcold-bloodedkillersalwaysreadytoobeytheirorders.”但它们有冷血杀手军队，随时准备服从它们的命令。根据But可知前后句意思转折，A项Plantsmaylooklikepassivevictims.(植物可能看起来像是被动的受害者。)这两句说明了植物表面和实力的关系，故选A。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空格处的最佳选项。Victoramentallyill38-year-oldhomelessman,wasdroppedoffonastreetbyhismotherandtoldtowaitforhertoreturn.Threeyearslater,hewasstillstandingatthe___21___streetcomerwaitingforhismother.Ginger___22___Victor’sstreetcomereverydayonherwaytoworkatanearby___23___.Aswinterapproached,Gingerstartedto___24___howVictorwouldhandlethecold.Atherlunchbreak,shewouldvisither___25___neighborandchatwithhim.Thetwo___26___startedafriendshipandGingerinvitedhernew___27___tostayatherplacewhenevertheweathergottoobad.Sincetheybecame___28___,GingerhasbroughtVictorintoseveralmentalhealthclinicsandevengottenhimajobatherrestaurant.Toincrease___29___ofhissituation,shecreatedaFacebookpage“ThisisVictor”,whichraisedmoneyforVictor’slivingcosts.Itgives____30____toVictor’sliferegularly-andhehasreportedlybeendoing____31____.“TonightVictorlaughed.AshelaughedIcouldalmostseethetensionleavehis____32____.Theyearsofstressandworryandthe____33____thatwasbotheringhimnow____34____meltingaway,”wroteGinger.“Howlosthewasatthecomer!Howsadweweretoseehimthatway!Andhow____35____wecanbethatnowhe’snotjustsmiling,butlaughing!Andnowwecansmiletoo.”21.A.familiarB.quietC.sameD.secret22.A.drovebyB.lookedatC.cameacrossD.paidattentionto23.A.instituteB.companyC.restaurantD. clinic24.A.findoutB.worryaboutC.studyD.ask25.A.oldB.homelessC.coldD.former26.A.hardlyB.luckilyC.unexpectedlyD.eventually27.A.neighborB.guestC.acquaintanceD.employee28.A.satisfiedB.worriedC.noticeableD.close29.A.confidenceB.awarenessC.investmentD.appreciation30.A.updatesB.commentsC.moneyD.introduction31.A.differentlyB.poorlyC.meaningfullyD.amazingly32.A.bodyB.houseC.pageD.comer33.A.anxietyB.angerC.loveD.excitement34.A.sadlyB.unusuallyC.slowlyD.easily35.A.disappointedB.worriedC.patientD.thankful【答案】21.C22.A23.C24.B25.B26.D27.C28.D29.B30.A31.D32.A33.A34.C35.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。被母亲抛弃的精神病人Victor在街角等待了三年之后，遇到了Ginger，一个充满同情心的人，她不但照顾他的生活，还带他去看病甚至帮他找工作，还在脸谱网上创办了关于Victor的网页，持续更新Victor的生活，以此来让更多的人关注Victor并为之捐款，在大家的共同努力下，Victor变得越来越好了。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：三年后，他仍然站在同一个街角等着他的母亲。A.familiar熟悉的；B.quiet安静的；C.same相同的；D.secret秘密的。根据“Victor,amentallyill 38-year-oldhomelessman,wasdroppedoffonastreetbyhismotherandtoldtowaitforhertoreturn.”以及空前的still（仍然）可知Victor三年后仍然站在当初母亲抛弃他时的位置等待，故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Ginger每天开车去附近餐馆上班都要经过Victor的街角。A.droveby开车路过；B.lookedat看见；C.cameacross偶遇；D.paidattentionto注意。根据“everydayonherwaytowork”可知，Victor所在的街角恰好就在Ginger每天上班必经的路上，所以她应该是开车经过。故选A项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Ginger每天开车去附近的餐馆上班都要经过Victor的街角。A.institute机构，研究所；B.company公司；C.restaurant饭店；D.clinic诊所。根据第三段中的“atherrestaurant”可知此处是restaurant的原词重现，故选C项。24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着冬天的来临，Ginger开始担心Victor会如何应对寒冷。A.findout发现，查明；B.worryabout担心；C.study研究，学习；D.ask询问。结合下文Ginger对Victor的各种关照可知，Ginger是个善良且富有同情心的人，所以当冬天临近的时候，她担心Victor如何过冬，故选B项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在午餐休息时间，她会去拜访她那个无家可归的邻居并和他聊天。A.old老的；B.homeless无家可归的；C.cold冷酷的；D.former从前的。空后的neighbor指的是Victor，根据上文“Victor,amentallyill38-year-oldhomelessman,wasdroppedoffonastreetbyhismotherandtoldtowaitforhertoreturn.”以及第7空后的“tostayatherplace（待在她的地方）”可知，此处指Victor无家可归，Ginger才邀请他待在她的地方。故选B项。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，这两个人成了朋友。每当天气变坏时，Ginger就会邀请她的新朋友来她这儿做客。A.hardly几乎不；B.luckily幸运地；C.unexpectedly出乎意料地；D.eventually最终。第二段主要讲Ginger和Victor的相识过程，从最初的“droveby（开车路过）”，到“worryabout（担心）”，到“visitherneighborandchatwithhim（拜访她的邻居并与之交谈）”，“最终成为朋友”是这个过程的最后阶段。故选D项。 【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，这两个人成了朋友。每当天气变坏时，Ginger就会邀请她的新朋友来她这儿做客。A.neighbor邻居；B.guest客人；C.acquaintance熟人；D.employee员工。根据第6空后的“startedafriendship（开始了一段友谊）”可知，他们成为了朋友，所以Victor是Ginger的新朋友，新熟人，故选C项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：自从他们亲密无间后，Ginger带Victor去了几家精神健康诊所，甚至在她的餐馆给他找了份工作。A.satisfied感到满意的；B.worried担心的；C.noticeable显而易见的；D.close亲近的。根据后文“GingerhasbroughtVictorintoseveralmentalhealthclinicsandevengottenhimajobatherrestaurant.Ginger带Victor去了几家精神健康诊所，甚至在她的餐馆给他找了份工作”可判断，他们之间的关系已经非常亲近了，故选D项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了提高人们对他处境的认识，她在Facebook上创建了一个名为“这是Victor”的页面，为Victor的生活开销筹集资金。A.confidence信心；B.awareness认识，意识；C.investment投资；D.appreciation欣赏。她在Facebook上创建网页的目的是让更多的网民认识到Victor的处境，从而进一步为他争取更多的支持和捐款，故选B项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个页面定期更新Victor的生活——据报道，他的表现令人惊讶。A.updates更新；B.comments评论；C.money钱；D.introduction介绍。根据空后的“regularly（定期地，有规律地）”和“andhehasreportedlybeendoing（据报道，他的表现）”可知，她是在网页上定期更新来向网友报道Victor的生活。故选A项。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这个页面定期更新Victor的生活——据报道，他的表现令人惊讶。A.differently不同地；B.poorly贫穷地；C.meaningfully有意义地；D.amazingly令人惊讶地。根据最后一段第一句“TonightVictorlaughed.（今晚，Victor笑了）”可知，Victor的表现越来越好了，而他的这种改变是令人惊讶的，故选D项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他笑的时候，我几乎可以看到他身上的紧张感消失了。A.body身体；B.house房子；C.page页面；D.comer角落。Tension意为：紧张。这里指Victor的紧张感在他笑的时候离开了他的身体，故选A项。 【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年来的压力、忧虑和困扰他的焦虑现在慢慢地消失了。A.anxiety焦虑；B.anger愤怒；C.love爱；D.excitement兴奋。根据空前的“stressandworry（压力和忧虑）”以及空后的“thatwasbotheringhim（一直困扰他的）”可知，设空处需填入一个与“压力和忧虑”意义相近的名词，故选A项。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：多年来的压力、忧虑和困扰他的焦虑现在慢慢地消失了。A.sadly悲哀地；B.unusually不同寻常地；C.slowly慢慢地；D.easily容易地。meltingaway意为：融化掉，是一个缓慢的过程，此处指的是经过作者和广大网友长期的关爱和努力，才使得Victor逐渐变得好了起来，这个过程是艰难而缓慢的，故选C项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在他不只是在微笑，而是在大笑，我们该多么感激啊!A.disappointed感到失望的；B.worried担忧的；C.patient耐心的；D.thankful感谢的，感激的。根据后文“he’snotjustsmiling,butlaughing!（他不仅是微笑，而是大笑）”可知，作者认为Victor发生如此大的改变，所有关心他的人都应该感到感激，故选D项。第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单同的正确形式。ChinaisprettymuchobsessedwithQRCodes,whichwereresponsiblefor$8trillionworthofbusinessdealslastyear.No___36___(sign)showthattheyareslowingdown.BusinessesshouldlooktoChinawhen___37___comestocomprehendingjusthowfarQRCodeusagecanreallygo.Chinahadlongrealizedthe___38___(convenient)ofusingQRCodesasamethodofpayment.WeChatiswithoutadoubtthetopAppinChina,especially___39___(consider)that93%ofthepopulationthereusesit.ThisAppincludesafunction___40___(name)WeChatWallet,andpeopleinChinausuallypaythroughtheQRCodes___41___aregeneratedthroughWeChatWallet,whichneedstobeconnected___42___users’bankaccountandthentheycanstartspendingimmediately.BasicallyeverytypeofvendorisobtainingpaymentsthroughQRCodes.They___43___(use)forbike-renting,groceryshopping,hotelreservationandmanyotherthings.QRCodesare___44___(simple)sopopularthatevenbeggarsareusingthem____45____(collect)donations!【答案】36.signs 37.it38.convenience39.considering40.named41.that/which42.to/with43.are(being)used44.simply45.tocollect【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲了微信这款APP中的二维码付款在商业交易领域中举足轻重的作用。【36题详解】考查名词作主语。句意：没有迹象表明他们在减速。分析可知空格处是句子的主语，谓语是复数形式show，根据主谓一致可知主语也用复数形式。故填signs。【37题详解】考查固定句式。句意：在理解二维码的使用到底能走多远的问题上，企业应该向中国学习。“whenitcomesto……”是一个固定句式，意为：当说到/提到……。故填it。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：中国早就意识到了用二维码作为支付手段的方便性。空格处作动词realized的宾语，且前面有定冠词the，故空格处填所给形容词的名词形式。故填convenience。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：毫无疑问，微信是中国最受欢迎的应用，尤其是93%的中国人使用微信。空格前是完整的句子且以逗号结尾，故空格处填所给动词的非谓语形式，潜在的主语“人们/我们”与consider是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词，此处作状语，意为：当考虑到……。故填considering。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这款应用有一个微信钱包功能，中国人通常使用微信钱包进行支付，这需要连接用户的银行账户，然后他们可以立即开始消费。分析可知空格处填所给动词的非谓语形式，function与name是逻辑上被动关系，故用过去分词，此处作定语。故填named。【41题详解】 考查定语从句引导词。句意：这款应用有一个微信钱包功能，中国人通常使用微信钱包进行支付，这需要连接用户的银行账户，然后他们可以立即开始消费。分析可知空格所在的句子是一个定语从句，从句缺少主语，故用关系代词（不能省略）引导定语从句。先行词是QRCodes，指物，故用关系代词that/which。【42题详解】考查固定短语。句意：这款应用有一个微信钱包功能，中国人通常使用微信钱包进行支付，这需要连接用户的银行账户，然后他们可以立即开始消费。“beconnectedto/with……”是固定短语，意为：与……有联系。故填to/with。【43题详解】考查时态语态。句意：它们可以用来租自行车、购物、预订酒店和许多其他事情。分析可知空格处句子的谓语，They与use之间是被动关系，且本句在描述一个现阶段的事实或正在发生的事实，故可用一般现在时或现在进行时的被动语态。故填are(being)used。【44题详解】考查副词。句意：二维码如此简单，以至于连乞丐都用它来募捐！空格所在的句子主干成分完整，且空格后是副词修饰形容词形式的短语sopopular，故空格处填副词修饰该短语。故填simply。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：二维码如此简单，以至于连乞丐都用它来募捐！分析可知空格处填所给动词的非谓语形式，此处作目的状语，usesth.todo，意为：用某物来做……。故填tocollect。第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.你校下周五晚的英语戏剧表演活动（EnglishDramaShow）由英语戏剧社组织。假定你是戏剧社的负责人，请你写一份英文通知，在校广播站的“EnglishTime”栏目播出，邀请学生观看,内容包括：1.时间和地点；2.表演内容；3.活动目的。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dearfellowstudents, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Dearfellowstudents,Wearethrilledtoshareapieceofexcitingnewswithyou.Ourschool’sEnglishDramaShowiscomingnextFridayat7p.m.attheauditorium!AimedatexhibitingthecharmofEnglishdramasaswellascommemoratingthegreatestplaywrights,Shakespeare,theDramaShowthisyearfeatureshisfourgreattragedies.Weareconvincedthatyouwillbeimpressedwiththecreativeadaptationoftheseplaysandstudents’stunningperformances.Youcanjoinustovoteforthe“PlayoftheYear”!Thisisafeastyoucan’tmiss!【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一份英文通知，邀请学生观看英语戏剧表演活动。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。结构：两段式第一段写时间和地点，第二段描述表演内容和活动目的。要求：内容包括：1.时间和地点；2.表演内容；3.活动目的。第二步:列提纲（重点词组）bethrilledtodosth.,sharesth.withsb.,apieceofexcitingnews,EnglishDramaShow,exhibitthecharmofEnglishdramas,commemoratethegreatestplaywrights,fourgreattragedies,beconvincedthat,beimpressedwith,thecreativeadaptation,stunningperformances,votefor.第三步：连词成句Wearethrilledtoshareapieceofexcitingnewswithyou.TheDramaShowthisyearfeatureshisfourgreattragedies.Weareconvincedthatyouwillbeimpressedwiththecreativeadaptationoftheseplaysand students’stunningperformances.Youcanjoinustovoteforthe“PlayoftheYear”Thisisafeastyoucan’tmiss!根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表并列补充关系：aswellas.2.表转折对比关系：However,Onthecontrary,but（供参考）3.表因果关系：Because,As,So,Thus,Therefore,Asaresult（供参考）连句成文，注意确保句式简洁易懂，符合通知的特点。【点睛】[高分句型1]AimedatexhibitingthecharmofEnglishdramasaswellascommemoratingthegreatestplaywrights,Shakespeare,theDramaShowthisyearfeatureshisfourgreattragedies.运用了过去分词短语作状语[高分句型2]Weareconvincedthatyouwillbeimpressedwiththecreativeadaptationoftheseplaysandstudents’stunningperformances.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Beingasingleparentcanbeextremelydifficult.Irecentlywentthrougharoughtimewhileraisingmyfourdaughtersonmyown.Thingshadnotbeengoingwellformeeversincewedecidedtotakecareofourselves.MyfinancialsituationwasnotgreatsinceIhadfourgrowinggirlstofeedonmyown.Asaresultofthat,myfamilycarwasleftinbadshape.Asitbrokedownfromtimetotime,Ionlyusedthecarwhenitwasabsolutelynecessarytodoso.Butonerainynight,wedesperatelyneededgroceriessothefiveofuswentforaquickruntothestore.Oncewehadloadedgroceriestothecar,itwouldn’tstartnomatterhowItried.Iwashelplessintheparkinglotwithmyfourdaughtersaged9,5,2anda6-weeksold.Tomakemattersworse,Iwasnotabletocallanyonebecausemyphonewasdisconnected.Oneofmygirlshadmistakenlyleftalighton,andmybatterywasdead.Ihadnofamilytospeaktoandwasonmyown.Imusthaveaskedmorethantwentypeopleforhelpduringthetwohours.Theyallignoredme.Notevenano.TheyjustactedlikeIdidn’texist.My5-year-oldwasmeltingdown.Mynewbornscreaming,mytwo-year-oldcryingshewashungry,andmyoldestdesperatelytryingtohelp.Iwascryingandfeltliketheworstmomever Wheneverythingseemedhopeless,anelderlyman,mostprobablyinhis70s,cameoverandgavemeaplateofchickenstrips,biscuitsandsomewater.Heaskedmetofeedmygirlsandmyself.Healsosaidthathearrangedforatowtrucktocomegetmycarandhiswifewasonthewaytofetchusbackhome.Thetowtruckcame,theoldman’swifearrivedtofetchusandwewerefinallybackhome.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右：2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Thenextmorning,theoldmanappearedatmyfrontdooralongwithamechanic（修理工）.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Afterthemechanicleft,Itriedtofindtheoldman.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Paragraph1:Thenextmorning,theoldmanappearedatmyfrontdooralongwithamechanic(修理工).“Ibetyouaretoobusytofixyourcar,sojustleaveittous!”theoldmanassuredme,hiseyestwinklingwithaffection.Thetwosoonburiedthemselvesin“theirproject”.WhenIfetchedsomecoffeeandcakeforthem,Ifoundthattheelderlymanhadleft.Withinafewhours,mycarfunctionedagain,butnotevencostingmeapenny.Themechanicsaidtheelderlyhadcoveredthefeesandherefusedtogiveawayanyinformationabouthim.Paragraph2:Afterthemechanicleft,Itriedtofindtheoldman.Iwenttothestorewherewemetbutneversawhimagain.Igotconfidenceinlifeagainandworkedharderthanbefore,andmylifebecamemucheasier.However,Ididn’tgetachancetothanktheoldmanandtellhimthathehadchangedmylifeuntilImethimagainonasunnywinterdayinanearbycafé.Iwentovertogreethim.Herecognizedmeandsmiled,“Youseemtohavechangedalot.”“Yes.”Isaid,“It’sallbecauseof you.”【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一位单亲妈妈带着四个孩子开车去商店买东西，结果中途车坏了。路上没有一个人伸出援手，直到一个70多岁的老人给她们提供了食物和水，并让自己的妻子开车载她们回家。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“第二天早上，老人和一个机械师出现在我的前门。”可知，第一段可描写老人和机械师帮助作者修车的过程，作者想要表示感谢，老人却已经走了。②由第二段首句内容“机修工离开后，我试图找到那位老人。”可知，第二段可描写通过老人的帮助，作者对生活的态度发生了改变，并且在后来又遇到了老人并表示了感谢。2.续写线索：老人保证把车修好——两人专心于修车——车恢复了功能——机械师拒绝透露信息——作者对生活充满了信心——感到轻松——没能感谢老人——再次遇到老人3.词汇激活：行为类保证：assure/promise专心于：beburiedin/focuson/concentrateon运转：function/work拒绝：refuse/reject对……有信心：haveconfidencein/havefaithin遇到：meet/encounter/comeacross情绪类轻松：easier/morerelaxed感谢：thank/showgratitude/begrateful【点睛】[高分句型1]WhenIfetchedsomecoffeeandcakeforthem,Ifoundthattheelderlymanhadleft.(when引导时间状语从句，that引导宾语从句)[高分句型2]Iwenttothestorewherewemetbutneversawhimagain.（where引导地点状语从句）[高分句型3] However,Ididn’tgetachancetothanktheoldmanandtellhimthathehadchangedmylifeuntilImethimagainonasunnywinterdayinanearbycafé.（tothank为动词不定式作后置定语，that引导的是宾语从句，until引导时间状语从句）