【优化指导】（新课标全国）2013 高考英语总复习 课时作业 38

【优化指导】（新课标全国）2013 高考英语总复习 课时作业 38

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 【优化指导】（新课标全国）2013 高考英语总复习 课时作业 38 Unit3 选修 8 一、单项填空 1．All the efforts that the Chinese government is making will certainly lead to ______ more peaceful and more advanced world，______ place where everyone enjoys his life and freedom. A．the；a B．/；the C．the；the D．a；a 解析：考查冠词的用法。当 world 前有形容词修饰时，常与不定冠词连用，表示“一 个……的世界”；第二个空 a place 作前面 a...world 的同位语。 答案：D 2．It was a matter of ______ would take the position. A．who B．whoever C．whom D．whomever 解析：句意：那是一个谁当选的问题。who would take the position 在句中作介词 of 的宾语。 答案：A 3．He forgot the work his manager had told；______，he was scolded severely by the manager and fined heavily. A．luckily B．however C．therefore D．besides 解析：考查副词辨析。前后两个分句之间是因果关系，所以应该用表示因果关系的副词 therefore。luckily“幸运地”；however“然而”；besides“除此之外(还有)”，均不符 合语境。 答案：C 4．He must have finished the work by the end of last month，______ he? A．mustn’t B．hadn’t C．didn’t D．hasn’t 解析：主句的时间状语 by the end of last month 是过去完成时的时间状语，因此 B 项符合。 答案：B 5．He is so good a teacher in this school ______ is loved by almost all the 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 students. A．that B．which C．than D．as 6．—Do you think our basketball players played very well in the last match? —Yes.______. A．They are not nervous at all B．They couldn’t have done better C．They played naturally D．They were still young 解析：考查比较级表示最高级的用法。此处 They couldn’t have done better.是一 句赞扬的话。说明他们已经尽了最大努力，不会打得比这再好了。这是最好的。 答案：B 7．We should try every effort to prevent violence from happening at school， ______ more and more students would drop out of school ______ their personal safety could not be guaranteed. A．for；now that B．for；if C．though；so long as D．though；if only 解析：考查连词。第一个空用 for，表原因；第二个空用 if，表条件。句意：我们必须 竭尽全力阻止校园暴力的发生，因为如果人身安全得不到保障，就会有越来越多的学生辍学。 答案：B 8．What we can see there is ______ remained of the city after the strong earthquake. A．/ B．that C．what D．it 解析：考查名词性从句。sth.remained of“……所剩下的东西”。what 引导的是表语 从句，在从句中 what 作 remained of 的主语。句意：我们所能看到的那边的东西是大地震 过后所剩下的东西。 答案：C 9．He went up the stage with his head ______ high. A．held B．holding 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 C．risen D．raising 解析：在 with ＋ n．＋...的复合结构中，用过去分词表示被动。hold one’s head high“高昂着头”。句意：他高昂着头走上了舞台。 答案：A 10．—Oh，dear，you’re back home at last! —You can’t imagine all the difficulty I had ______ home in the heavy rain. A．walked B．walk C．to walk D．walking 解析：考查固定搭配。have difficulty in doing sth.“干某事很困难”。 答案：D 11．It remains ______ whether the patient can survive the major operation or not. A．to observe B．to be observed C．observing D．being observed 解析：考查非谓语动词。It remains to be observed/seen...whether...意为“是否…… 还有待观察”。 答案：B 12．It was late at night ______ the Red Army arrived at that small mountain village，______ it was raining hard. A．when；that B．when；which C．that；when D．that；which 解析：考查强调句和定语从句。第一个空选用强调句型中的 that，被强调部分是时间 状语 late at night；第二个空用 when 引导定语从句，先行词是 late at night。 答案：C 13．Reading fills our mind only with materials of knowledge；only ______thinking can we make ______ we read ours. A．by；it B．with；that C．through；anything D．by；what 解析：第一个空考查 only＋介词短语作状语放于句首引起倒装的用法；第二个空考查 what 引导的名词性从句，what 在宾语从句中作 read 的宾语，ours 作宾语的补足语。 答案：D 14．The government must do more ______ pollution ______ more happily. A．to prevent；from living B．to stop；living C．to prevent；to live D．to keep；living 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 解析：第一个空是 do something 后跟不定式表示“采取措施干某事”；第二个空是不 定式短语作目的状语，不要看成是 prevent...from doing 结构。此题易错选 A 项。 答案：C 15．The door burst open and ______.The room soon became crowded. A．in rushed the children B．in did the children rush C．in the children rushed D．rushed in the children 解析：考查倒装。在一些副词如 out，in，off，down，up 等开头的句子中，如果主语 是名词，句子用完全倒装语序。 答案：A 二、阅读理解 A The climate secrets of the deepest part of the ocean，the Marianas Trench(壕 沟)in the western Pacific Ocean，have been explored by scientists. The international team used a submersible，designed to withstand great pressure， to study the bottom of the 10.9kmdeep underwater canyon.Their early results reveal that ocean trenches are acting as carbon sinks.This suggests that they play a larger role in regulating the Earth’s chemistry and climate than was thought. Although two explorers，Jacques Piccard and Don Walsh，reached the deepest part of the Marianas Trench—a point called the Challenger Deep—in 1960，no humans have been back since.And the scientific missions，including this recent visit to this deepest spot，have been carried out using unmanned underwater vehicles. Lead researcher Professor Ronnie Glud，from the University of Southern Denmark and the Scottish Association for Marine Science，said that working at more than 1,000 atmospheres of pressure was challenging，but advances in technology had made it possible. He told BBC News，“This is the first time we have been able to set down sophisticated(精密的)instruments at these depths to measure how much carbon is buried there.”The tests also helped the scientists to assess the storage of carbon at those dark depths. This is not the first time deep sea trenches have surprised scientists.Recent studies by University of Aberdeen’s Oceanlab team have revealed that marine life is much more abundant in this difficult habitat than was previously thought.In 2008， they filmed the deepest living fish ever to be caught on camera—a 17strong shoal(鱼 群)found at depths of 7.7km in the Japan Trench，and they discovered that other 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 animals such as amphipods were present in large numbers even deeper.Dr Alan Jamieson， from Oceanlab，said the new study was helping researchers to build up a better idea of what happens in the deepest of the deep. 马里亚纳海沟是太平洋的最深处，它在地球气候变化中起着非常重要的作用。科学家最 近对它进行了探索。 1．From the description of carbon sinks we learn that ______. A．they have been on the ocean floor for thousands of years B．the trenches can be used to control climate C．there are many chemistry resources on the ocean floor D．the carbon sinks contribute to changes in the climate 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段 This suggests that they play a larger role in regulating the Earth’s chemistry and climate than was thought.可推断，答案为 D 项。 答案：D 2．What can be inferred from the passage? A．Many scientists have died in the Marianas Trench during explorations. B．Jacques Piccard and Don Walsh came back successfully from the Marianas Trench. C．Unmanned underwater vehicles have replaced humans in exploring the floor since 1960. D．The explorations of the trench have not been launched until 1960. 3．What do we know from Ronnie Glud’s words? A．Humans can’t work at more than 1,000 atmospheres of pressure. B．The research aimed to assess the carbon storage at those dark depths. C．Carbon is the most important mineral resource on the ocean floor. D．Finding out the storage of carbon is one of the main tasks of scientists. 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段 This is the first time...to measure how much carbon is buried there.可推断，答案为 D 项。 答案：D 4．The last paragraph is mainly about ______. A．the surprising findings of marine life 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 B．the bad environment of marine life C．the deepest living fish D．the marine lives in the Japan Trench 解析：主旨大意题。根据末段 Recent studies...marine life is much more abundant in this difficult habitat than was previously thought.可知，答案为 A 项。 答案：A B[ What’s so different about Moisture Surge? These hydrating formulas( 保 湿 配 方 )rapidly make thirsty skin smooth and soft.Oilfree and fit for all skin types，they help： Quickly increase skin’s moisture level with hydrating relief in a highspeed delivery system； Restore skin’s moisture balance； Make up dry lines. Moisture Surge Extended Thirst Relief Rapid，longlasting hydration in a refreshing oilfree gel(胶)．Fastabsorbing formula locks in moisture all day and helps skin better resist dry despite great shifts in humidity.Use whenever，wherever needed，under or over makeup，or as a 5minute moisture mask. Moisture Surge Face Water Thirsty Skin Relief Refreshing facial water.Great for use anytime，anywhere，under or over makeup. Moisture Surge Extra Refreshing Eye Gel* Cool and comfortable eye gel.Doctortested.Use whenever needed，under or over makeup. Moisture Surge Facial Sheet Mask* Refreshing，premoistened fullface sheet mask.Apply 12 times a week for a quick moisturizing.To use：unfold and apply to clean skin.Rest for 10 minutes，and then remove the mask. Moisture Surge Refreshing Eye Mask* Refreshing premoistened eye pads.Apply 12 times a week to reduce undereye puffiness(肿)and skin with quick hy dration.To use：remove pads from packets and separate.Apply to clean undereye skin.Rest for 10 minutes，and then remove pads. Moisture Sheer Tint SPF 15] Refreshing，wash of color that hydrates and makes skin bright with special 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 materials and SPF 15 sunscreen.Three skinfriendly shades wear beautifully alone or under makeup.WARNING：Keep out of eyes.Stop use if any pain occurs.Keep out of reach of children. Please pay attention to：*stands for“Not available in all countries”． 本文为一则广告，介绍了一些护肤产品。 5．According to the passage，Moisture Surge is the name of ______. A．a product for eyes B．an oilfree formula C．a sunblocking cream D．a series of skin care products 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段 These hydrating formulas rapidly make thirsty skin smooth and soft.可知，答案为 D 项。 答案：D 6．What do we know about Moisture Surge Extra Refreshing Eye Gel and Moisture Surge Refreshing Eye Mask? A．They can be used at any time. B．They may be good for eyes. C．They are a kind of gel. D．They have been tested by doctors. 解析：推理判断题。根据这两种化妆品的名字和介绍可知，这两种产品都是针对眼部的 护肤品，故答案为 B 项。 答案：B 7．Which of the following products can NOT be used over makeup? A．Moisture Surge Face Water Thirsty Skin Relief. B．Moisture Surge Extra Refreshing Eye Gel. C．Moisture Surge Extended Thirst Relief. D．Moisture Sheer Tint SPF 15. 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一个产品介绍中 Three skinfriendly shades wear beautifully alone or under makeup.可知，答案为 D 项。 答案：D 8．This passage can be most probably found in ______. A．a factory introduction book B．a beauty handbook C．a newspaper 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 D．a textbook