2019届一轮复习北师大版必修三Unit8Adventure单元学案设计（47页word解析版）

2019届一轮复习北师大版必修三Unit8Adventure单元学案设计（47页word解析版）

‎2019届一轮复习北师大版必修3Unit8Adveture单元学案设计 ‎ [一积词汇见多识广]　‎ ‎[课内单词回扣]‎ ‎(一)阅读词汇写其义 ‎1．nationality n．国籍　　　　　　　 2.similarity n．相似性，类似性 ‎3．ambition n．志向，抱负 4.wealthy adj.富有的，富裕的 ‎5．exhausted adj.疲惫的 6.optional adj.可选择的；非强制的 ‎7．altitude n．高度，海拔 8.extreme adj.极度的，极端的 ‎(二)表达词汇写其形 ‎1．aim n．目标；目的 2.risk_vt.冒……的危险 ‎3．quantity n．量，数量 4.distant adj.远处的；久远的 ‎ ‎5．limit_n．边界；限度 6.exactly adv.确切地，精确地 ‎7．organisation n．团体，组织，机构 8.luggage_n．行李 ‎(三)拓展词汇灵活用 ‎　1.uncomfortable adj.不舒服的，不自在的→comfortable adj.舒服的→comfort n．&vt.安慰 ‎　2.accommodation n．住所，住处→accommodate vt.容纳 ‎*3.differ vi.不同于，有区别→difference n．不同之处→different adj.不同的 ‎　4.various adj.不同的，各种各样的→variety n．品种；种类；变化→vary vi.变化 ‎*5.equipment n．配备，设备→equip vt.装备，配置 ‎　6.preference n．较喜欢的东西，偏爱→prefer v．喜爱 ‎*7.amaze vt.使惊愕(惊奇)→amazed adj.惊愕的，吃惊的→amazing adj.令人惊异的→amazement n．吃惊，惊愕 ‎*8.confuse vt.使困惑→confused adj.困惑的→confusing adj.令人困惑的→confusion n．混乱；困惑 ‎　9.preparation n．准备；预备→prepare vt.准备；预备 ‎*10.patience n．耐心；忍耐力→patient adj.耐心的n.病人→patiently adv.耐心地 ‎　11.observe vt.观察，观测→observation n．观察 ‎*12.anxious adj.忧虑的，担心的→anxiety n．焦虑，不安 用上面加*号的单词的适当形式填空 ‎1．He's a good doctor. He always has patience with his patients and talks with them patiently. ‎ ‎2．His mother is always anxious about his study, but he spends all his time playing computer games, ignoring his mother's anxiety.‎ ‎3．This car is different from that one. Their differences lie in color and type. ‎ ‎4．All classrooms in our school are equipped with advanced teaching equipment.‎ ‎5．We were amazed by the amazing news that an eightyearold child went to college.‎ ‎6．Judging from his confused expression, he didn't understand the confusing problem referring to teenagers' mental health. ‎ ‎ [话题单词积累]‎ ‎1．experience /ɪk'spɪərɪəns/ n．　　 经历 ‎2．adventurer /əd'ventʃ(ə)rər/ n. 冒险家 ‎3．expedition /ˌekspə'dɪʃn/ n. 远征 ‎4．advanced /əd'vænst/ adj. 先进的；高级的 ‎5．technology /tek'nɑlədʒi/ n. 技术；工艺；工艺学 ‎6．strengthen /'streŋθn/ v. 加强；变坚固 ‎7．visa /'viːzə/ n. 签证 ‎8．passport /'pɑːspɔːt/ n. 护照 ‎9．guide /ɡaɪd/ n. 向导，导游 ‎10．agent /'eɪdʒənt/ n. 代理人，经纪人 ‎11．application /ˌæplɪ'keɪʃn/ n. 申请 ‎12．insurance /ɪn'ʃʊərəns/ n. 保险 ‎13．arrangement /ə'reɪndʒmənt/ n. 安排，布置 ‎14．suitcase /'suːtkeɪs/ n. 小提箱，衣箱，行李箱 ‎15．baggage /'bæɡɪdʒ/ n. 行李 ‎16．pack /pæk/ n. 包，捆 vt. 打包 ‎17．reserve /rɪ'zɜːv/ vt. 预订 ‎18．destination /ˌdestɪ'neɪʃn/ n. 目的地，终点 ‎19．scenery /'siːnəri/ n. 风景，景色，风光 ‎20．castle /'kɑːsl/ n. 城堡 ‎21．museum /mju'ziːəm/ n. 博物馆，博物院 ‎22．palace /'pæləs/ n. 宫，宫殿 ‎ ‎23．pyramid /'pɪrəmɪd/ n. 金字塔 ‎24．temple /'templ/ n. 庙宇，寺院 ‎25．fountain /'faʊntən/ n. 喷泉 ‎26．monument /'mɒnjumənt/ n. 纪念碑，纪念物 ‎27．attractive /ə'træktɪv/ adj. 迷人的，有吸引力的 ‎28．crowded /'kraʊdɪd/ adj. 拥挤的 ‎29．journey /'dʒəːni/ n. 旅行，行程 ‎30．tour /tuə/ n. 参观，观光，旅行 ‎31．voyage /'vɔɪɪdʒ/ n. 航行，旅行 ‎32．outing /'autiŋ/ n. 郊游，远足 ‎33．traveller /'trævələ/ n. 旅行者 ‎34．tourist /'tuərist/ n. 旅行者，观光者 ‎[二积短语顿挫抑扬]　‎ ‎[课内短语回扣]‎ ‎(一)根据汉语写出下列短语 ‎　1.right_now 就在此刻　　　　　 2.back_out 决定不履行(允诺的事)‎ ‎　3.in_turn 轮流 　 4.put_..._into_prison把……关进监狱 ‎*5.upside_down 颠倒地，倒置地 　 6.turn_up 出现，到场 ‎*7.get_across使理解(某事) *8.carry_on继续做某事 ‎ ‎*9.run_out_of用完，耗尽 *10.stand_by坚持(某种)说法 ‎ ‎　11.on_one's_way 在途中 *12.break_down损坏，不能运转 ‎ ‎*13.take_off起飞 *14.break_out(坏事)突然发生，爆发 ‎　15.in_order_to_do_something 目的是，以便 ‎ ‎(二)用上面加*号的短语完成下列句子 ‎1．He taught me how to get_across my idea to others during a conversation.‎ ‎2．After he left I just tried to carry_on as usual in spite of some difficulties.‎ ‎3．Suddenly, he found that he had run_out_of salt and had to buy some.‎ ‎4．On the way to the interview Jimmy saw that an old man's car broke_down.‎ ‎5．A big fire broke_out in the hotel last night, but all the people were able to escape from it.‎ ‎6．We are not prepared to stand_by and let them close our schools.‎ ‎7．Everything in the house was turned upside_down for the lost diamond ring.‎ ‎8．The pilot's quick thinking prevented a collision between two planes when his plane was about to take_off.‎ ‎[话题短语积累]‎ ‎1．as a result of　　　　　　 由于……‎ ‎2．come to realize 开始意识到 ‎3．at the same time 同时 ‎4．a summer resort 避暑胜地 ‎5．a place of interest 名胜 ‎6．a mustsee place 必游之地 ‎7．be struck by 被……迷住 ‎8．beyond description 难以表达 ‎9．catch one's eye 吸引某人的眼球 ‎10．appeal to ... 对……有吸引力 ‎11．a dream trip 梦想之旅 ‎12．be open to ... 向……开放 ‎13．be free to ... 对……免费 ‎14．tourist attraction 旅游景点 ‎15．take a picture/photo 拍照 ‎16．have a good view of 一览无余 ‎17．put up 投宿 ‎18．check in 登记入住 ‎19．check out 结账离开 ‎20．leave for 动身前去 ‎21．set out/off 出发 ‎22．book a room 预订房间 ‎[三积句式写作扮靓]　‎ ‎[课内句式仿写]‎ ‎1．too ... to ...“太……而不能……”‎ ‎[例句]　Although people enjoyed reading his book, many of them thought that Marco's stories about China were too fantastic to be true. ‎ ‎[仿写]　如果人口持续增长，地球将会变成一个太小而不能养活如此多人口的星体。‎ If the population continues to increase, the earth will become too_small_a_planet_to_support so many people.‎ ‎2．全部倒装句 ‎[例句]　Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.‎ ‎[仿写]　然后铃响了，下课了。‎ Then goes_the_bell and class is over.‎ ‎3．have difficulty (in) doing sth.“在做某事方面有困难”‎ ‎[例句]　The next to go was Captain Oates, who was having great difficulty walking.‎ ‎[仿写]　你刚开始学汉语的时候有困难，这很普遍。‎ It is very common that you will have_difficulty_(in)_learning Chinese at first.‎ ‎[话题佳句背诵]‎ ‎1．We'd like to ask your travel agency to arrange for us to take a two days' trip.‎ 我们想请你们旅行社为我们安排一次为期两天的旅游。‎ ‎2．As for the hotel, we hope that it's comfortable and provides some delicious local food.‎ 至于旅馆，我们希望舒适，并能提供一些当地的美食。‎ ‎3．Some people like to choose group tour, while others prefer ‎ selfdriving travel.‎ 有些人喜欢选择团体游，而其他人则喜欢自驾游。‎ ‎4．With people's living standard raised in recent years, they tend to choose travelling in their spare time.‎ 近几年，随着人们生活水平的提高，他们倾向于在空闲时间旅游。‎ ‎[四背语段语感流畅]　‎ There were many great adventurers in the history of China and Zheng He was one of them. From 1405 to 1433, he made seven expeditions to the ocean, reaching more than 30 countries in Southeast Asia and East Africa. And it is said that he was likely to have been to Australia.‎ As a result of his great achievements, the whole world came to realize the advanced technology of the Chinese people in building ships and at the same time China strengthened its friendship with other countries.So every time I think of Zheng He, I feel very proud of our country.‎ 在中国历史上有很多伟大的探险家，郑和就是其中的一个。从1405年到1433年，他做了七次海洋探险，到达了东南亚和东非30多个国家。据说他可能到过澳大利亚。‎ 由于他的伟大成就，整个世界都意识到中国人民造船的先进技术同时中国加强了同其他国家的友谊。因此，每次我想起郑和，我都为我们的国家感到骄傲。 ‎ ‎ [第一板块　重点词汇突破]　‎ ‎[师生共研词汇]‎ ‎1．differ vi.不同于，有区别 ‎[教材原句]　How do the tourists differ from local people?‎ 旅游者与当地居民有什么不同呢？‎ ‎(1)differ from ... in ...　　　 在……方面与……不同 differ with sb. 与某人意见不同 ‎(2)different adj. 不同的，有差异的 be different from ... 不同于……‎ ‎(3)difference n. 差异，差别 make a/no difference 有/无影响 tell the difference between A and B 指出A与B的不同 ‎①Even though we completely differ from each other in character, we are still great friends. ‎ 虽然我们在性格上完全不同，但我们仍然是不错的朋友。‎ ‎②Only if we know what we do in our daily life and live a lowcarbon life can we make_a_difference.‎ 只有我们知道在日常生活中做什么并且过低碳生活，我们才能有所作为。‎ ‎2．risk vt.冒……的危险n.冒险；危险；风险 ‎[教材原句]　What makes people risk their lives to do them?‎ 是什么使人们冒着生命危险去做这些事呢？‎ ‎(1)risk (doing) sth.　　　　 冒险(做)某事 ‎(2)at the risk of (doing) sth. 冒着(做)某事的风险 take/run the risk of (doing) sth.‎ ‎ 冒……的危险；冒险做某事 take/run a risk/risks 冒险 at risk 处境危险；遭受危险 at all risks/at any risk 无论冒什么风险，无论如何 ‎①Those robbers broke into the bank at the_risk_of being caught by the police.‎ 那些劫匪冒着被警察抓住的危险闯入银行。‎ ‎②Operate the electrical appliance following the instructions attached in the box, or you'll be at_risk.‎ 遵照附在盒子上的说明书操作这种电器，否则你会处于危险之中。‎ ‎③He got wellprepared for the job interview, for he couldn't risk losing_ (lose) the good opportunity.‎ 他为面试作了充分的准备，因为他不想冒险失去这次好机会。‎ ‎3．confuse vt.使困惑；使迷惑；混淆 ‎[教材原句]　He was also confused by the black stones people used to burn for fuel.‎ 他也对人们用来当燃料燃烧的黑色石头感到困惑。‎ ‎(1)confuse A with/and B　　 将A和B混淆 ‎(2)confused adj. 困惑的，糊涂的；不清楚的 be/get confused 被弄糊涂 confusing adj. 令人迷惑的 ‎(3)confusion n. 混乱；困惑 in confusion 困惑地，困窘地；乱七八糟，处于混乱状态 ‎①His writing is so confusing (confuse) that it's difficult to make out what he is trying to express.‎ 他的作文如此难懂，以至于很难弄清楚他到底在想表达什么。‎ ‎②I can't see how anyone could confuse you with another person!‎ 我不明白怎么会有人把你和另外一个人搞混！‎ ‎③She was very angry with her husband because he made their rooms in_confusion.‎ 她非常生她丈夫的气，因为他把房间弄得乱七八糟。‎ ‎4．preparation n．准备，预备 ‎[教材原句]　During the polar summer of 1910－1911, both teams organised food bases in preparation for their journeys the next year.‎ 在1910～1911年的南极夏季期间，两个探险队为准备第二年的旅行组建了食品储存处。‎ ‎(1)make preparations for/to do sth.　 为(做)某事做准备 ‎(be) in preparation (for) 在准备(……)中 ‎(2)prepare vt.　　　　 预备；筹备；调制；为……做准备 ‎　 vi. 准备；预备；做准备 prepare to do sth. 准备做某事 prepare (sb.) for sth. (使某人)为某事做准备 ‎(3)prepared adj. 有准备的，事先准备好的 be/get (well) prepared for/to do sth.＝be/get ready for/to do sth. ‎ ‎ 愿意做某事；为(做)某事做好准备 ‎①The children had been prepared to_show (show) me their latest projects.‎ 孩子们乐于把最新的计划告诉我。‎ ‎②It is necessary for the young to make_preparations_for their future.‎ 年轻人有必要为他们的未来做些准备。‎ ‎③In_preparation_for the 2020 Olympic Games, he trains hard every day.‎ 为准备2020年奥运会，他每天都刻苦训练。‎ ‎5．observe vt.观察，观测；遵守；庆祝 ‎[高考佳句]　Observe carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.(2014·北京高考单选)‎ 在实验室做实验时，要仔细观察是否有变化发生。‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出句中observe的含义 ‎①Therefore, rules should be worked out and strictly observed.遵守 ‎②The scientists will study a variety of trees and observe which are fruiting.观察 ‎③Could you tell me how you usually observe Thanksgiving Day in your country？庆祝 ‎(1)observe sb.do/doing sth. 看到某人做了/正在做某事 observe sth.done 看到某事被做 observe a rule 遵守规则 ‎(2)observer n. 观察者 observation n. 观察；观察力；观测 be under observation 在观察中，在监视中 ‎④He observed a stranger hanging (hang) around the store.‎ 他看到一个陌生人正在商店附近闲逛。‎ ‎⑤She is ill seriously and under_observation in hospital.‎ 她病得很重，正在医院接受观察。‎ ‎[一言串记]　When we attend the parade to observe National Day, we must observe the traffic regulations. If we observe someone running a red light, we should stop him.‎ 当我们参加游行庆祝国庆节的时候必须遵守交通规则。如果我们看到有人正在闯红灯，就要阻止他。‎ ‎[自主练通词汇]‎ ‎1．quantity n．量，数量 单句语法填空/句型转换 ‎①As a result of destroying the forests, a large quantity of desert has_covered (cover) the land.‎ ‎②A large quantity of water is polluted and we are faced with serious shortage of water.‎ ‎→Large quantities of water are polluted and we are faced with serious shortage of water.‎ ‎[点拨]　a quantity of与quantities of意思相当，其修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词的数一般根据quantity的单复数来确定。‎ ‎2．aim n．目标；目的；瞄准vi.&vt.瞄准；对准；旨在；(向某方向)努力 补全句子 ‎①这个项目旨在让孩子们进入一个“深度阅读”状态，一个他们可以在读书中学习的状态。‎ The project aims_to_get kids to a state called “deep reading”，‎ ‎ where they can read to learn.‎ ‎②这项活动的目的是提高学生的听说能力。‎ This activity is_aimed_at_improving/aims_to_improve/aims_at_improving the students' ability of listening and speaking.‎ ‎③他进城的目的是赚钱。‎ He went to the city with_the_aim_of making money.‎ ‎3．limit vt.限制；限定n.界限；边界；限度 单句语法填空/补全句子 ‎①I've been asked to limit my speech to ten minutes.‎ ‎②He was born in a poor family, and only received a limited (limit) education in his childhood.‎ ‎③在法律权限范围内，人们可以自由地做他们高兴做的事。‎ Within_the_limit_of legal rights, persons are free to do as they please.‎ ‎[词汇过关练]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．This book differs from that one in the writing style.‎ ‎2．He got wellprepared for the job interview, for he couldn't risk losing (lose) the good opportunity.‎ ‎3．The teaching of history should not be limited to dates and figures.‎ ‎4．Last night Bruce was observed to_leave (leave) the building with two young men and take a taxi away.‎ ‎5．As soon as you set a limit to/on your endurance, you will lose.‎ ‎6．The local government has taken some effective measures, aimed/aiming (aim) at cutting down the cost during the tough economy.‎ ‎7．It is wellknown that it's cheaper to buy goods_in_quantity.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．A large quantity of money have been collected to help those suffering from the floods.have→has ‎2．The thief was observed open the window and run away.observed后加to ‎3．The students are making preparation for the coming examination.‎ preparation→preparations ‎4．Confusing by the question, the boy turned to his teacher for further explanation.‎ Confusing→Confused ‎5．As a matter of fact, there is a limit on what one person can tolerate.on→to Ⅲ.单句写作(补全句子/一句多译)‎ ‎1．他决定即使冒着被人嘲笑的危险也要做。‎ He was determined to do it even at_the_risk_of_being_laughed_at.‎ ‎2．我总是把你和你弟弟搞混——你们太像了。‎ I always confuse_you_with_your_brother — you look so alike.‎ ‎3．每个人都想和别人不一样，结果是每个人都相似。‎ Everyone wants to be_different_from_others;_as a result, everyone is alike.‎ ‎4．雨水把大量的泥沙冲下山坡。‎ ‎①Large quantities of sand were_washed_down the hillside by the rain.‎ ‎②A large quantity of sand was_washed_down_the hillside by the rain.‎ ‎5．为了通过驾照考试，他努力训练。‎ ‎①He trained hard with_the_aim_of_passing_the_driving_test.(with the aim of)‎ ‎②He trained hard, aiming_at_passing_the_driving_test.(aim at)‎ ‎③He trained hard, aiming_to_pass_the_driving_test.(aim to do sth.)‎ ‎6．汤姆正在学习，为下次考试做准备。‎ ‎①Tom is studying in_preparation_for_the_next_examination.‎ ‎②Tom is studying to_make_preparations_for_the_next_examination.‎ ‎[第二板块　短语、句式突破]　‎ ‎1．take off起飞；脱去(衣服)；开始成功；休假；匆匆离开 ‎[经典例句]　When he saw me coming he took off in the opposite direction.(牛津P2059)‎ 他见我走过来便赶快转身走了。‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出句中take off的含义 ‎①When the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.起飞 ‎②Tim took off his clothes and jumped into the water.脱去 ‎③We are sure that West China's economy will take off in the near future.开始成功 ‎④His mother was seriously ill, so he had to take a day off to look after her.休假 ‎⑤The six boys got into the car and took off for the drugstore.匆匆离开 take over　　　　 接任，接管，接收 take in 吸收，理解；受骗 take up 拿起；占据；对……有兴趣；开始从事 take on 呈现；雇用；承担 ‎⑥He was homeless, so we_took_him_in. ‎ 他无家可归，我们便收留了他。‎ ‎⑦George is taking_over the running of our American operation.‎ 乔治准备接手经营我们美国的企业。‎ ‎⑧Our factory will take_on twenty more workers next month to increase output.‎ 为了增加产量，我们厂下个月将再雇用20名工人。‎ ‎2．get across使理解(某事)；(使)被接受；横过(马路、河等)‎ ‎[教材原句]　It's difficult to get across how exciting it is!‎ 要真正理解这是多么令人兴奋的事并不容易。‎ get (sth.) across to (sb.)　 被传达/理解；把……讲清楚 get away from 逃离；远离；避开 get down to (doing) 开始认真处理/对待，开始(做)‎ get through 穿过；完成；接通电话；用完；通过 ‎①It's time that I got down to thinking (think) about my future.‎ 我该好好考虑一下我的未来了。‎ ‎②We must get across to the public the simple fact that drugs are dangerous.‎ 我们必须让大众了解这个简单的事实，毒品很危险。‎ ‎③After that, he knew he could_get_through_any_emergency by ‎ doing what he could to the best of his ability.‎ 在此之后，他知道只要尽全力就能成功应对一切紧急事件。‎ ‎ 3.break down损坏，不能运转；(身体)垮掉；(谈判)失败；崩溃；拆毁，拆除；分解 ‎[教材原句]　First, his two sledges broke down, and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.‎ 先是他的两个雪橇坏了，接着马匹开始应付不了大雪和严寒的天气。‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出句中break down的含义 ‎①His health broke down under the pressure of work.(身体)垮掉 ‎②The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached.(谈判)失败 ‎③To understand the grammar of the sentence, you must break it down into parts.分解 ‎④The firemen broke down the wall in order to gain quick access to the building on fire.拆毁，拆除 ‎⑤He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the airconditioning system broke down.损坏，不能运转 break into　　　　　　　　 破门而入，强行闯入(后接宾语)；突然开始(哭、‎ ‎ 唱等)‎ break in 闯入；插话，打断 break away from 突然挣脱，摆脱 break out (坏事)突然发生，爆发 break up 结束；粉碎，破碎；解散 break through 突破；冲破 ‎⑥Should another world war break_out,_what would become of human beings?‎ 万一又一次世界大战爆发，人类将会发生什么事？‎ ‎⑦Scientists think they are beginning to break_through in the fight against cancer.‎ 科学家认为他们在对抗癌症的研究中开始有所突破。‎ ‎4．Although people enjoyed reading his book, many of them thought that Marco's stories about China were too fantastic to be true.‎ 虽然人们爱读他的书，但许多人认为马可写的关于中国的故事太离奇而不可信。‎ 该句中使用了too ...to ...结构，意为“太……而不能……”。‎ ‎(1)too后面跟形容词(或副词)，但当其后接形容词修饰单数可数名词时，要把不定冠词a(n)放在形容词之后。‎ ‎(2)“too ...to ...”结构中，若too后接glad, pleased, happy, eager, anxious, willing, ready, easy等表示心情、情绪的形容词时，表示肯定意义，too相当于very。‎ ‎(3)“too ...to”结构之前带有but, only, all, never, not时，是强调肯定的表示法，译作“非常……；十分……；实在……；真是太……”等。‎ ‎(4)“too ...to ...”结构可以与“not ... enough ...to ...”或“so ...that ...”结构相互转换。‎ ‎①As far as I know, they are too anxious to_leave (leave)．‎ 据我所知，他们急于离开。‎ ‎②They are all too_satisfied_to_go and do this work.‎ 他们都很乐意地去做这项工作。‎ ‎③He taught us that it is never_too_late_to_start something new.‎ 他教会了我们：开始新的事情永远都不会太晚。‎ ‎④I can't_thank_you_too_much_for_all_your_help to my son while I was away from home.‎ 当我不在家时，你对我儿子的帮助，我再怎样感谢你也不过分。‎ ‎⑤Tom is too young to go to school. Therefore, his mother takes care of him at home.‎ ‎＝Tom is not_old_enough_to go to school. Therefore, his mother takes care of him at home.‎ ‎＝Tom is so_young_that he can't go to school. Therefore, his mother takes care of him at home.‎ 汤姆太小了，不能去上学。因此，他妈妈在家照看他。‎ ‎5．The next to go was Captain Oates, who was having_great_difficulty_walking.‎ 接下来离开的是奥茨上尉，他行走不便。‎ have difficulty (in) doing sth.表示“在做某事方面有困难或麻烦”，difficulty前有时可用some, much, great, little, no等词来修饰。‎ ‎(1)have trouble/bother/problems/a hard time (in) doing sth.　　　　　　　　　　　‎ 做某事有困难 ‎(2)have difficulty/trouble/bother with sth.‎ 在某事方面有困难 ‎①She has_no_difficulty_in_learning_any_language — Greek, Chinese or whatever.‎ 她学习任何语言都没有困难，不论是希腊语、汉语或是其他语言。‎ ‎②She said she had some difficulty with her English pronunciation and wanted my help.‎ 她说她在英语发音方面有些困难，需要我的帮助。‎ ‎[短语、句式过关练]‎ Ⅰ.用break短语填空(break into/break away from/break up/break down)‎ ‎1．The criminal broke_away_from the policemen who were holding him.‎ ‎2．We had to break_into the house as we had lost the key.‎ ‎3．Oldfashioned phones matter when wireless networks break_down in disasters.‎ ‎4．In order to get some money, the man broke_up that old machine and sold some parts.‎ Ⅱ.用get短语填空(get through/get across/get down to)‎ ‎1．I'm going to get_down_to studying English this term.‎ ‎2．I keep having the same dream about trying to get_across a deep river.‎ ‎3．If everyone keeps in line, we'll get_through the customs quickly.‎ Ⅲ.take短语对点练(take over/take in/take off/take on)‎ ‎1．The city takes_on a new look after years' development.‎ ‎2．He is an honest man and he doesn't _take_ you in.‎ ‎3．Technology is here to help us, but we should not allow it to take_over our lives.‎ ‎4．Internet shopping will take_off when people make sure that it is ‎ safe.‎ Ⅳ.句型转换/补全句子 ‎1．It's clear that the tree is too young to stand the storm.‎ ‎①It's clear that the tree is not old enough to stand the storm.‎ ‎②It's clear that the tree is so young that it can't stand the storm.‎ ‎2．Everyone in this city knew him, so we found his house without difficulty.‎ ‎→Everyone in this city knew him, so we had no difficulty in finding his house.‎ ‎3．你开车时再怎么小心也不为过。毕竟生命是宝贵的。‎ You can't_be_too_careful_to_drive. After all, life is valuable.‎ ‎4．我父亲是个固执的人，不会被别人说服改变主意的。‎ My father is too_stubborn_a_man to be persuaded to change his mind.‎ ‎5．当飞机准备起飞时，所有乘客系好了安全带。‎ As the_plane_was_ready_to_take_off,_all the passengers fastened their seat belts.‎ 提能一　用课文词汇写高分作文 anxious， in order to， differ from， various， get ... across， take off， large quantities of， break down， run out of， turn up， set off ‎1．补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)‎ ‎①我很想去澳大利亚，目的是经历一种不同的文化。 ‎ I am_anxious_to go to Australia in_order_to_experience_a_culture_which_differs_from_ours.‎ ‎②由于各种原因父母不愿让我出国旅行。‎ For various_reasons my parents wouldn't like me to travel abroad. ‎ ‎③我设法让他们理解了我的想法，决定乘坐周日起飞的航班飞往澳大利亚。‎ I managed to get_my_idea_across_to_them and decided to take the plane that took_off on Sunday to Australia.‎ ‎④让我惊讶的是澳大利亚有很多羊。‎ I was amazed that there were large_quantities_of_sheep in Australia.‎ ‎⑤在去悉尼的路上，我们的车坏了。更糟糕的是，汽油用完了。 ‎ On our way to Sydney, our_car_broke_down and what's worse, it_ran_out_of_oil.‎ ‎⑥另一辆车很快出现了。车上那位好心的司机给我们提供了一些燃料并帮助我们让汽车运转起来。 ‎ Another car turned_up soon, and the warmhearted driver offered us some fuel and helped us get the car functioning.‎ ‎⑦我们又出发了。　　We set_off again.‎ ‎2．升级平淡句 ‎(1)用so ...that改写句④‎ There_were_so_large_quantities_of_sheep_in_Australia_that_I_got_amazed._‎ ‎(2)用强调句型改写句⑥‎ Another_car_turned_up_soon_and_it_was_the_warmhearted_driver_that_offered_us_some_fuel_and_helped_us_get_the_car_functioning._‎ ‎3．衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：but, finally, luckily)‎ I am anxious to go to Australia in order to experience a culture which differs from ours, but for various reasons my parents wouldn't like me to travel abroad. Finally I managed to get my idea across to them and decided to take the plane that took off on Sunday to Australia. There were ‎ so large quantities of sheep in Australia that I got amazed. On our way to Sydney, our car broke down and what's worse, it ran out of oil. Luckily, another car turned up soon and it was the warmhearted driver that offered us some fuel and helped us get the car functioning. We set off again.‎ 提能二　用课文句型解构高考长难句　[本单元突破点——but连接的并列句]‎ 经典例句 比较分析 真题尝试翻译 课文长难句 We knew that poor Oates was walking to his death, but though we tried to stop him, we knew that it was the act of a brave man and an English gentleman.‎ 这是一个并列句，We knew ...to his death是第一个分句；though we tried to stop him ...an English gentleman为第二个分句。‎ 通常对第一株植物的伤害更严重，但是相对来说，邻居们会更安全，因为它们听到了警报并知道做什么。‎ 真题长难句 The damage is usually more serious on the first plant, but the neighbors, relatively speaking, stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)‎ 这是一个并列句，The damage ...plant是第一个分句，the neighbors ...knew what to do是第二个分句。在第二个分句中，relatively speaking是插入语，because they heard ...what to do是原因状语从句。‎ ‎ “旅游与交通”是高中新课程标准24个话题之一，也是高考常考的一个热点话题。该话题包括交通运输方式，国内外旅游、交通规则、指路与问路、咨询与预订食宿、行程描述等子话题。这些话题与学生的日常生活关系密切。高考通过对这些话题进行设题考查，旨在让学生了解旅游与交通的相关知识，进而达到培养学生热爱生活、健康向上的目的。‎ 一、话题与听力 ‎[考题示例]　　　　　　　　　　(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)‎ ‎1．What time is it now?‎ A．9：10.　　　　 B．9：50.　　　　‎ C．10：00.‎ ‎[听力原文]‎ Text 1‎ W：What time is your train leaving?‎ M：It leaves at 10. I've got 50 minutes left.‎ W：You would better hurry, or you won't be able to catch it.‎ ‎[听力答案]　A ‎[策略指导]　‎ ‎[听力系列技法4]　计　算 听力题中出现数字题时，可以速记数字，然后进行推算即可得出答案，如上题关键数字：at ten指火车开的时间，fifty minutes指距离10点的时间，因此换算为现在的时间，答案显然是A选项9：10。‎ ‎[关键词句]　‎ ‎1．parcel　　　　　　　　　　　 包裹 ‎2．scenery 景色 ‎3．transport 交通 ‎4．passport 护照 ‎5．tourist attraction 旅游景点 ‎6．traffic rules/regulations 交通规则 ‎7．traffic jam 交通堵塞 ‎8．a selfdriven trip 自驾游 ‎9．a place of interest 名胜 ‎10．It's about five minutes' walk. 走路约五分钟。‎ ‎11．How did the accident happen? 事故是如何发生的？‎ ‎12．How do the speakers feel after a trip?‎ 旅游过后说话者感觉怎样？‎ ‎13．Turn right at the second turning./Take the second turning on the right.‎ 在第二个拐弯处右转。‎ 二、话题与语篇 ‎[考题示例]　　　　　　　　　　(2015·重庆高考阅读D)‎ ‎[1]There are many places to go on safari (观赏野生动物) in Africa, but riding a horse through the flooded waters of Botswana's Okavango Delta must rank as one of the world's most exciting wildlife journeys.‎ ‎[2]Several safari camps operate as the base for this adventure, providing unique rides twice a day to explore deep into the delta. The camps have excellent horses, professional guides and lots of support ‎ workers. They have a reputation for providing a great riding experience.‎ ‎[3]The morning ride, when the guides take you to beautiful, shallow lakes full of water lilies, tends to be more active. It is unlike any other riding experience. With rainbows forming in the splashing water around you and the sound of huge drops of water bouncing off your body and face, it is truly exciting. You are very likely to come across large wild animals, too. On horseback it is possible to get quite close to elephants, giraffes and many other animals. The sense of excitement and tension levels rise suddenly though, as does your heart rate, as you move closer to them.‎ ‎[4]In the evening, rides are usually at a more relaxed and unhurried pace, with golden light streaming across the grassy delta and the animals coming out to eat and drink. Sedate though they are, rides at this time of day are still very impressive. As the sun's rays pass through the dust kicked up by the horses, the romance of Africa comes to life.‎ ‎[5]Back at the camp you can kick off your boots and enjoy excellent food and wine. Looking back on your day, you will find it hard to deny that a horseback safari is as close as you will ever come to answering the call of the wild.‎ ‎48．What does the underlined word “They” refer to?‎ A．Flooded waters.　　　　 B．Wildlife journeys.‎ C．Safari camps. D．Unique rides.‎ ‎49．What does the author find most exciting about a horseback safari?‎ A．Seeing and feeling the real African life.‎ B．Enjoying good food and wine at the camp.‎ C．Hunting large animals just as our ancestors did.‎ D．Being part of the scene and getting close to animals.‎ ‎50．What does the underlined word “sedate” probably mean?‎ A．Wild and romantic. B．Slow and peaceful.‎ C．Hungry and thirsty. D．Active and excited.‎ ‎51．The author introduces the riding experience in the Okavango Delta mainly by________.‎ A．following space order B．following time order C．making classifications D．giving examples ‎[策略指导]　‎ ‎(一)这样读文 第1步：宏观把握文章大意 分层 抓关键句 概括层意 行文结构 第1～‎ ‎2段 第2段划波浪线部分 介绍在非洲骑马观赏野生动物的旅行之一。‎ 总体介绍 第3段 The morning ‎ ride ...　　‎ 上午的旅行情况。‎ 按时间顺序 详细介绍 第4段 In the evening ...‎ 下午的旅行 按时间顺序 详细介绍 第5段 第5段划波浪线部分 晚上回营地吃饭 按时间顺序 详细介绍 第2步：微观突破理解障碍 ‎[尝试翻译]　飞溅的水中映着彩虹，和着从身上和脸上弹出的大水滴的声响，一切都是那么地美妙。‎ ‎[尝试翻译]　回顾你的一天，你会发现很难否认一个马背上的观赏野生动物活动近乎就是回应野性的呼唤。‎ ‎(二)这样做题 ‎[名师解题]‎ ‎48．代词指代题。选C　根据第二段的第二句，可知C项正确；A、B、D三项均为混淆视听。‎ ‎49．细节理解题。选D　根据第三段的第三句和第五句，可知D项正确；A、B两项为混淆视听；C项为无中生有。‎ ‎50．词义猜测题。选B　根据第四段的第一句，可知B项为合理猜测；A、C、D三项均为混淆视听。‎ ‎51．篇章结构题。选B　根据各层的层意，可知B项正确。‎ ‎[阅读理解系列技法7]　代词指代题 代词指代判断题考查依据语境逻辑推断人称代词和指示代词意义的能力。人称代词指代的判断要求对it, they, them, she, he等人称代词的正确指代做出判断。指示代词指代判断题主要考查对this, these, that,‎ ‎ those等指示代词指代意义的判断。解题时，要注意代词指代的总原则——就近指代：代词指代在性(阴性或阳性)、数(单数或复数)、格(主格或宾格)、逻辑、意义、位置等方面与之接近的名词。也就是说代词所指代的词通常在本句或其前句中。如：文中第48题可以通过代词前面的Several safari camps operate as ...和The camps have ...可知，选C项。‎ ‎[阅读理解系列技法8]　篇章结构题 文章结构题就是针对文章的整体篇章结构或某一段落的发展层次所设置的问题。此类题考查在理解全文的基础上对文章所描述事件的发展顺序，所说明事物的结构层次，或在论述观点过程中使用的论证方法进行推测、归纳和总结的能力。与主旨大意题和细节理解题考查对文章内容理解能力不同的是，此类试题考查的主要是对阅读材料的篇章结构和发展脉络的宏观把握。解题时了解文章的大致框架是突破文章结构题的关键。如：文中第51题可以根据各层的层意和行文结构，得出答案。‎ ‎(三)这样积累 ‎1．waters n．　　　　　　　　 水域；领海 ‎2．rank n. 等级；排；列 v. 排列；分等级；列为；排名 ‎3．impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的 ‎4．professional guides 职业导游 ‎5．have a reputation for 因为……而著名 ‎6．at a more relaxed and unhurried pace ‎ 以更加轻松和从容的步伐 ‎7．looking back on 回顾 ‎[单元检测·高考提能] ‎ 单元检测A——语言基础扎根练＋阅读理解提速练 ‎[语言基础扎根练]‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写/用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．There were so many people that the company put on extra (额外的) buses.‎ ‎2．They generally consist of a hole in the ground with a footprint_(脚印) on either side.‎ ‎3．They are now facing a major (较重要的) problem how they finish the work on time.‎ ‎4．The government is taking measures to turn the school into a good shelter (庇护所) for all the students.‎ ‎5．Two of the patients were airlifted to Holmes Hospital and the others were transported (运输) by ambulance.‎ ‎6．Your work has improved in quantity (数量) and quality this term.‎ ‎7．Upon reaching this level, temperature no longer increases with altitude (高度)．‎ ‎8．There are various (各种各样的) ways of getting to the station: by bus, by car or on foot.‎ ‎9．However, people's preference (prefer) to food seems to have no relations with nutrition.‎ ‎10．The news caused great excitement (excite) and they were too excited to sleep.‎ ‎11．It is exactly (exact) four o'clock, not one minute more nor one minute less.‎ ‎12．A wealthy (wealth) sponsor came to our rescue with a generous donation.‎ ‎13．The doctor said that mother was comfortable (comfort) after her ‎ operation.‎ ‎14．Saunder's lawyer made a brief statement (state) to the press outside the court.‎ ‎15．He is engaged in making preparations (prepare) for the conference on educational work.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎ ‎1．He is often observed go shopping with his classmates.go前加to ‎2．We were loading the luggages into the car when it began to rain. luggages→luggage ‎3．The program is aiming at a teenage audience, so it is popular with them.aiming→aimed ‎4．I'll look into the matter as soon as possible.Just have a little patient.patient→patience ‎5．I'm totally confusing.Could you explain that again？confusing→confused ‎6．You should limit the length of the article on 400 words or so.on→to ‎7．It's not easy work organize such a wellprepared exhibition.organize前加to ‎8．I had the greatest difficulty with persuading him.with→in或去掉with ‎9．I am such excited that I can't wait to share with you an unforgettable experience.such→so ‎10．The team have been training hard in preparations for the big game.‎ preparations→preparation Ⅲ.补全句子 ‎ ‎1．我非常高兴能被邀请参加你的生日聚会。‎ I'm too_happy_to_be_invited to your birthday party.‎ ‎2．卧病在床接近一个月的时间，他费了好大的劲才通过了这次考试。‎ Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had_a_hard_time_(in)_passing the exam.‎ ‎3．即使要冒生命危险，他们也决心要到那里去。‎ They were determined to get there even at_the_risk_of their lives.‎ ‎4．那个调皮的男孩跳了下来。‎ Down jumped_the_naughty_boy.‎ ‎5．只有言行一致我们才能对希望实现的任何事情有所帮助。‎ Only when we match our words with actions can_we_make_a_difference in whatever we hope to accomplish.‎ ‎[阅读理解提速练]‎ A ‎(2018·哈尔滨市第六中学第一次模拟)‎ We are a local business that has been operating for 25 years and we would love to introduce you to the wonders of the Yorkshire Dales underground.‎ We will meet you at the parking place nearest the cave and directions will be given on booking. Everyone will change into the caving kit (装备) at the road head and walk a short distance to the cave before beginning your adventure underground. The trips involve walking in a stream way, some stooping (俯身) and some crawling. There are some simple climbs, a few deep pools and a waterfall to deal with too. You just need a reasonable amount of fitness and flexibility (柔韧性) to move ‎ through the cave as there is bending and some short crawling sections.‎ Minimum age is 8 years old. We are licensed to take children without a parent with them if necessary.‎ The trips start at 5：00 p．m. and finish by 8：00 p．m.‎ What we supply: Caving suits, helmets, lights, belts, rain boots, and all safety equipment.‎ What to wear: Each person should wear warm clothing i．e. trousers (NOT jeans), two pairs of socks, underwear, two layers of upperbody wear (e.g. sweatshirt/pullover etc.), at least one of which should have full length arms. At certain times of the year, a hat, gloves and a scarf are also recommended.‎ What to bring: A complete change of clothes and a towel as you will get WET, a bag for your wet clothes.‎ What we will need from you before the event: A contact number for when you are in the area; the names of participants and their feet sizes, approximate height and build (S, M, L, XL, XXL, etc.)．‎ The age of any under 18s: We will provide you with a medical form or parental consent (同意) form as appropriate on booking.‎ Charges: Adult ￡25.00, Child ￡25.00.‎ Other charges：Booking is essential.‎ For further information or to book, contact：‎ Tel: 01 729 824 455‎ Email: info@yorkshiredalesguides.co.uk Web: www.yorkshiredalesguides.co.uk 语篇解读：本文介绍了一家旅游公司去约克郡河谷旅行的行程安排、提供的服务，以及游客需准备的衣服、随身携带的物品等相关事项。‎ ‎1．Where will the participants in this event meet?‎ A．At the entrance of the cave.‎ B．At the parking place.‎ C．At the information table.‎ D．In the crawling area.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“We will meet you at the parking place nearest the cave ...”可知，集合地点是在停车场。故选B项。‎ ‎2．Before you start the trip, you are advised to ________.‎ A．exercise for a certain period of time B．bring your own safety equipment C．bring extra clothes to change into D．bring at least two Tshirts 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据“What to bring: A complete change of clothes and a towel as you will get WET, a bag for your wet clothes.”可知，需要多带一套衣服以便在被淋湿的时候更换。故选C项。‎ ‎3．Teenagers under 18 years old ________.‎ A．should be accompanied by their parents B．will be charged less than adults C．must have a signed medical form or parental consent form D．will go on a different route specially prepared for them 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据“The age of any under 18s: We will provide you with a medical form or parental consent (同意) form as appropriate on booking.”可知，18岁以下的游客需要提供签字生效的体检表或家长同意书。故选C项。‎ B ‎(2018·安徽省“江淮十校”联考)Krubera Cave in the western Caucasus Mountains is the deepest known cave in the world. An international team prepared to descend into Krubera. The team members hoped to be the first cavers to reach a depth of 2,000 meters, brought five tons of equipment and other necessities with them, and established camps at key locations along the route. They worked for up to 20 hours each day.‎ In the third week, progress was blocked at 1,775 meters by a sump — a cave passage filled with water that gives cavers few options. There are basically three techniques available: dive through it, empty it, or go around it. Gennadiy Samokhin dove to the bottom but was disappointed. “No chance to get through，” he said. Searching for a way around the sump, Garcia Dils risked entering a waterfall of near freezing water and discovered that his dry suit had holes in it. “The water was so cold I lost the feeling in my fingers，” he said later. He, too, was unsuccessful.‎ Finally, two teammates found a way around the sump through a tight passage they called the Way to the Dream. The team was exhilarated. The passage led to yet another sump at 1,840 meters. After a short test dive, Samokhin emerged, smiling. There was a promising passage, he reported. But it would have to wait. After nearly four weeks, with supplies running low, the team had run out of time and would have to return to the surface.‎ Four weeks later, a team of nine Ukrainian cavers led by Yuri Kasjan went back to Krubera. Following the path opened by the previous team, they reached the sump at 1,840 meters relatively quickly. After much searching, a pit (坑), later named the Millennium Pit, was discovered that allowed them to pass the 2,000meter depth. More pits and passages led them to 2,080 meters, a spot they named Game Over. But the caving game is never over. Deeper caves will probably continue ‎ to be discovered and call out to be explored.‎ 语篇解读：本文是记叙文。文章讲述了探洞穴者对世界上最深的洞穴——库鲁伯亚拉洞穴进行探索的过程。‎ ‎4．Why did the team return to the surface after nearly four weeks?‎ A．They were lacking in supplies.‎ B．They had achieved their goal.‎ C．They couldn't go through the sump.‎ D．They gave their task to Yuri Kasjan's team.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After nearly four weeks, with supplies running low, the team had run out of time and would have to return to the surface”可知，因为物资逐渐短缺，探洞穴者才被迫返回地面。‎ ‎5．What does the underlined word “exhilarated” probably mean in Para.3?‎ A．Cheerful.　　　　　 B．Powerful.‎ C．Confused. D．Exhausted.‎ 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“two teammates found a way around the sump through a tight passage they called the Way to the Dream”可知，两名队员找到了通过水坑的通道，所以他们很高兴，故选A项。‎ ‎6．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?‎ A．Game Over was discovered at 2,000 meters.‎ B．The Way to the Dream begins at 1,840 meters.‎ C．The Millennium Pit passed the 2,080meter depth.‎ D．Samokhin found a way around a sump at 1,775 meters.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“progress was blocked ‎ at 1,775 meters by a sump”以及第三段中的“two teammates found a way around the sump through a tight passage”可知，Samokhin在1 775米处找到了绕过水坑的通道。‎ ‎7．What is the text mainly about?‎ A．The features of Krubera Cave.‎ B．Famous caves around the world.‎ C．A journey of exploring Krubera Cave.‎ D．The importance of exploring Krubera Cave.‎ 解析：选C　主旨大意题。本文讲述了探洞穴者对世界上最深的洞穴——库鲁伯亚拉洞穴进行探索的过程，故选C项。‎ 单元检测B——完形填空精准练＋失分题型强化练 ‎[完形填空精准练]‎ ‎(2018·东北三省大联考)Whenever Michael Carl, the fashion market director at Vanity Fair, goes out to dinner with friends, he plays something called the phone pile game: Everyone places their __1__ in the middle of the table; whoever looks at their device (设备) before the check arrives __2__ for dinner.‎ Brandon Holley, the former editor of Lucky magazine, had trouble __3__ her mobile phone when she got home from work. So about six months ago, she began putting her phone into a milk tin __4__ she walked in. It remains there until after dinner.‎ And Marc Jacobs, the fashion designer, didn't want to sleep next to a ‎ noisy __5__. So he __6__ computers and phones from his bedroom — a house rule he __7__ with audiences during a screening of his film Disconnect.‎ As smartphones __8__ to make their way into our lives, and wearable devices like Google Glass __9__ our personal space even further, users say these disconnecting __10__ are improving their relationships — and __11__ their brains.‎ ‎“Disconnecting is something that we all need，” Lesley M. M. Blume, a New York writer, told The New York Times. “The expectation that we must always be __12__ to everyone creates a real problem in trying to __13__ private time. But that private time is more important than ever.”‎ A popular method for __14__ is to choose a box for your cellphone, like Ms. Holley.“__15__ my phone is lighting up, it's still a distraction (使人分心的事物), so it goes in the __16__，”she said.‎ Others choose new __17__.“No screens after 11 p．m.，”said Ari Melber, a TV host.“I found the evenings were more __18__， and I was sleeping better，”he said.‎ Sleep is a big factor, which is why Peter Som, a fashion designer, doesn't want to sleep __19__ something that is full of photos and emails. He keeps his phone charging in the living room overnight.“It __20__ is a headclearer，”said Mr. Som.‎ 语篇解读：在日常生活中，很多人过度依赖手机，本文介绍了几位名人利用各种策略来减少手机的使用，以给自己留出个人时间。‎ ‎1．A.wallets　　　　　　 B．handbags C．watches D．phones 解析：选D　本文的主题是如何远离手机，结合上文的“the phone ‎ pile game”可知，此处指吃饭时大家把手机放在桌子中间。故选D项。‎ ‎2．A.pays B．waits C．prepares D．reaches 解析：选A　根据上下文可知，他们是在餐馆吃饭，因此，此处表示“谁在账单到来之前看手机谁就得买单”。pay for意为“为……付钱”，符合语境。故选A项。‎ ‎3．A.examining B．ignoring C．charging D．finding 解析：选B　根据第二段的内容可推知，布兰登·霍利在控制自己不看手机方面有困难，所以她想了个办法：从六个月前开始，她一进门就把手机放到一个奶粉罐里。examine意为“考试；检查”；ignore意为“不理会；忽视”；charge意为“收费；开价；控告”；find意为“发现”。故选B项。‎ ‎4．A.at the moment B．for the moment C．the moment D．in a moment 解析：选C　设空处前后为结构完整的句子，因此，中间需要连词连接。根据语境，此处指她一回到家，the moment意为“一……就……”，符合语境。at the moment意为“此时此刻”；for the moment意为“暂时；目前”；in a moment意为“马上；很快”。‎ ‎5．A.bell B．device C．clock D．alarm 解析：选B　根据下文“computers and phones”可知，此处指能发出声音的设备(device)。句意：时尚设计师马克·雅各布斯不想睡在吵闹的设备旁边，因此他禁止在卧室里放置电脑和手机。故选B项。‎ ‎6．A.banned B．lost C．collected D．adjusted 解析：选A　根据上文“didn't want to sleep next to a noisy ________”可知，此处指他禁止在卧室里放置这些设备。ban意为“禁止；取缔”，符合语境。lose意为“失去；丧失”；collect意为“收集”；adjust意为“调整；适应”。‎ ‎7．A.talked B．agreed C．provided D．shared 解析：选D　根据马克·雅各布斯的职业及下文的“with audiences during a screening of his film Disconnect”可知，这是他在公众场合与观众分享(shared)的经验。故选D项。talk意为“谈论”；agree意为“同意”；provide意为“提供”。‎ ‎8．A.intend B．choose C．continue D．happen 解析：选C　根据下文“even further”可知，手机在持续(continue)进入我们的生活。故选C项。intend to do sth.意为“打算做某事”；choose to do sth.意为“选择做某事”；happen to do sth.意为“碰巧做某事”。‎ ‎9．A.defend B．threaten C．improve D．save 解析：选B　根据上文的“make their way into our lives”可知，电子设备侵占我们的私人空间，再结合人们所采取的脱离策略可知，threaten(威胁)符合语境。‎ ‎10．A.techniques B．practices C．examples D．achievements 解析：‎ 选A　文章前三段提到谁在账单到来之前看手机就得买单、一进门就把手机放到一个奶粉罐里以及禁止在卧室里放置电脑和手机都是一些不使用电子设备的例子，这些都是关于脱离手机的技巧(techniques)。故选A项。practice意为“练习；实践”；example意为“例子”；achievement意为“成就”。‎ ‎11．A.yet B．ever C．just D．even 解析：选D　结合上下文可知，电子设备在不断侵占我们的私人空间，远离电子设备对于我们所有人来说都很有必要，它可以改善人们之间的关系，甚至思维方式。根据语境，设空处表示程度更进一步。故选D项。‎ ‎12．A.dependable B．available C．convenient D．appealing 解析：选B　根据上下文可知，如果不偶尔脱离电子设备，随时准备与他人保持联系，这容易使我们疲于应付，而没有了个人空间。故选B项。available意为“有空的；可利用的”。‎ ‎13．A.figure out B．save up C．set aside D．take up 解析：选C　根据语境可知，时时保持与别人联系的期望在留出个人时间方面产生了一个问题。set aside意为“留出，拨出(金钱、时间等)”，符合语境。‎ ‎14．A.connecting B．distributing C．entertaining D．disconnecting 解析：选D　上文都在谈论disconnecting的重要性，结合本段中提到的“to choose a box for your cellphone”可知此处指脱离(disconnecting)手机的方法，故选D项。此处为原词重现。‎ ‎15．A.Unless B．If C．Since D．Although 解析：选B　根据句意“如果手机屏幕亮起，这依然是分心的事，因此……”可知，设空处引导条件句，故选B项。‎ ‎16．A.box B．room C．pocket D．bag 解析：选A　根据上文的“A popular method for ________ is to choose a box for your cellphone”可知，手机屏幕亮起仍是一件让人分心的事情，所以就把它放到一个盒子里。故选A项。上文的“choose a box”也是提示。‎ ‎17．A.games B．orders C．steps D．rules 解析：选D　上文所述的是一些人远离手机的规则，再根据空后的“No screens after 11 p．m.，”可知，其他人选择了不同的规则。故选D项。game意为“游戏；体育活动”；order意为“命令；顺序”；step意为“步骤”。‎ ‎18．A.flexible B．urgent C．relaxing D．upset 解析：选C　根据下文的“...and I was sleeping better”可知，睡得好说明放松了。flexible意为“灵活的；柔韧的”；urgent意为“紧急的；急切的”；relaxing意为“使人放松的”；upset意为“烦恼的；不快的”。‎ ‎19．A.far from B．next to C．beyond D．within 解析：选B　这里对应第三段的“And Marc Jacobs, the fashion ‎ designer, didn't want to sleep next to a noisy ________.”以及下文的“keeps his phone charging in the living room overnight”；由他把手机放到客厅可知，他不喜欢把手机放在旁边睡觉。far from意为“远离”；next to意为“紧挨着”；beyond意为“超出；非……所及”；within意为“在……之内”。故选B项。‎ ‎20．A.definitely B．rarely C．finally D．originally 解析：选A　根据上下文可知，此处指把手机放到客厅的好处：这绝对是种大脑清洁剂。definitely意为“确切地；肯定地”；rarely意为“罕见地”；finally意为“最终”；originally意为“原先地；最初地”。根据语境可知选A项。‎ ‎[失分题型强化练]‎ Ⅰ.语法填空 Distance runners often worry about “hitting the wall” during training or races, when they often find __1__ difficult to continue.‎ Hitting the wall typically __2__ (happen) around 20 miles into a marathon, when the body's glycogen (糖原) supplies are used up. As a result, runners feel __3__ (terrible) tired and discouraged, slow their pace, have trouble __4__ (focus) and want to walk.‎ There are a number of reasons why athletes “hit the wall”．‎ ‎“Finding the time to train is stressful，” said Alistair McCormick, __5__ exercise psychologist in England. “Also, they might meet with lots of potential difficulties before and during competitions, like __6__ (difficulty) environmental conditions and equipment failure. __7__ (face) with these roadblocks (障碍), athletes are likely to lose their focus and have the desire __8__ (quit)．”‎ ‎“About 43% of marathoners might ‘hit the wall’ during a race, __9__ often turns a marathon into a real mental battle，” said McCormick. “Therefore, finding ways to move past those kinds of experiences could have major benefits for an athlete's __10__ (perform) and wellbeing.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是说明文。约有43%的马拉松运动员会经历“撞墙期”。那么，何为撞墙期呢？‎ ‎1．it　it在句中作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的to continue。‎ ‎2．happens　Hitting the wall是动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数；这里用一般现在时表示经常性的情况。‎ ‎3．terribly　空格中所填单词修饰形容词tired和discouraged，需用terrible的副词形式。‎ ‎4．focusing　have trouble doing sth.意思是“做某事有困难”。‎ ‎5．an　an exercise psychologist in England是Alistair McCormick的同位语，解释说明Alistair McCormick是英国一位运动心理学专家；又因exercise是以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。‎ ‎6．difficult　空格中所填单词在句中作environmental conditions的定语，需用difficulty的形容词形式。‎ ‎7．Faced　be faced with是固定短语，意思是“面对”。这里用的是其过去分词短语作状语。‎ ‎8．to quit　desire后常接不定式短语作定语，表示“做某事的欲望”。‎ ‎9．which　关系代词which指代前面整个主句内容，引导非限制性定语从句，其中关系代词which在句中作主语。‎ ‎10．‎ performance　空格中所填单词在句中作介词for的宾语且有athlete's作限定，需用perform的名词形式。‎ Ⅱ.短文改错 Last summer holiday, I learned to swim. It was very unforgettable and interested. I went to the swimming pool without my father. He taught me what to swim. At first, I was afraid of dive in the water. And I felt uncomfortable in the water. But my father said he will protect me. Then I began to swim, and I couldn't swim forward to at all. It made me upset. Then my father told me how to move and how to stretch out my hand and legs. Slow, I could move a little. In fact, it was not that easy. I learned it for almost half month. I was excited when my father told me I made it.‎ 答案：第二句：interested→interesting 第三句：without→with 第四句：what→how 第五句：dive→diving 第七句：will→would 第八句：and→but; 去掉第二个to 第十句：hand→hands 第十一句：Slow→Slowly 第十三句：month前加a