【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之二十七（13页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之二十七（13页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之二十七 ‎[一]‎ ‎ “Have a nice day!” may be a pleasant gesture or a meaningless expression. When my friend Maxie says “have a nice day” with a smile, I know she sincerely cares about what happens to me. I feel loved and secure since another person cares about me and wishes me well.‎ ‎　　“Have a nice day. Next!” this version of the expression is spoken by a salesgirl at the supermarket who is rushing me and my groceries out the door. The words come out in the same tone with a fixed procedure. They are spoken at me, not to me. Obviously, the concern for my day and everyone else’s is the management’s attempt to increase business. ‎ ‎　　The expression is one of those behaviors that help people get along with each other. Sometimes it indicates the end of a meeting. As soon as you hear it, you know the meeting is at an end. Sometimes the expression saves us when we don’t know what to say. “oh, you just had a tooth out? I’m terribly sorry, but have a nice day.”‎ ‎　　The expression can be pleasant. If a stranger says “Have a nice day!” to you, you may find it heart-warming because someone you don’t know has tried to be nice to you.‎ ‎　　Although the use of the expression is an insincere, meaningless social custom at times, there is nothing wrong with the sentence except that it is a little uninteresting. The sale girl, the waitress, the teacher, and all the countless others who speak it without thinking may not really care about my day. But in a strange and comfortable way, it’s nice to know they care enough to pretend they care when they really don’t care all that much. While the expression may not often be sincere, it is always spoken. The point is that people say it all the time when they like.‎ ‎29. How does the author understand Maxie’s word?‎ ‎　　A. Maxie shows her anxiety to the author.‎ ‎　　B. Maxie really wishes the author a good day.‎ ‎　　C. Maxie encourages the author to stay happy.‎ ‎　　D. Maxie really worries about the author’s security.‎ ‎30. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?‎ ‎　　A. The salesgirl is rude.‎ ‎　　B. The salesgirl is bored.‎ ‎　　C. The salesgirl cares about me.‎ ‎　　D. The salesgirl says the words as a routine.‎ ‎31. By saying “Have a nice day,” a stranger may______.‎ ‎　　A. try to be polite to you ‎　　B. express respects to you ‎　　C. give his blessing to you ‎　　D. share his pleasure with you.‎ ‎32. What is the best title of the passage?‎ ‎　　A. Have a Nice Day---- a Social Custom ‎　　B. Have a Nice Day----- a pleasant Gesture ‎　　C. Have a Nice Day----- a heart-warming Greeting ‎　　D. Have a Nice Day----- a polite ending of a Conversation 参考答案：29—32 BDAA ‎ ‎[二]‎ 参考答案：‎ ‎[二]‎ Newspapers in Great Britain vary greatly in their ways of carrying the news. There are serious papers for those who want to know about important happenings everywhere, both at home and abroad. There are popular newspapers for those who prefer entertainment to information.‎ The London newspaper that is best known outside Great Britain is probably the Times. It began in 1785, and has a high reputation for believable news and serious opinions on the news. It calls itself an independent paper, which means that it does not give its support to a particular political party. Its leading articles give the opinions of the editors, not those of the owners of the paper.‎ Letters to the editor are printed in the newspaper. These parts of the Times are always ‎ interesting. Most of the letters are serious subjects. But from time to time there will be long letters on the subject which is not at all serious, perhaps on a new fashion of dress, or the bad manners of the young people, compared with manners of thirty years ago.‎ ‎20. If you want to get pleasure, please buy yourself ___________ .‎ A. a serious newspaper B. foreign newspaper C. any independent paper D. a popular newspaper ‎21. The Times has been famous to outside Great Britain for_________ years.‎ A. 19 B. ‎85 ‎C. 232 D. 229‎ ‎22. The Times is an independent paper because________ .‎ A. it supports no political parties ‎ B. it is not controlled by the British Government C. it gives special support to all the political parties.‎ D. the editor’s opinions are not examined by the owners of the paper ‎23. The underlined word “vary” in the passage probably means “________________”.‎ A. improve B. compete with each other C. are different D. keep in touch with each other 参考答案：20-23．DCAC ‎[三]‎ Many people who work in London prefer to live outside, and to go into their home or schools every day by train, car or bus, even though this means they have to get up early in the morning and reach home late in the evening.‎ One advantage of living outside London is that houses are cheaper. Even a small at in London without a garden costs quite a lot to rent. With the same money, one can get a little house in the country with a garden of one's own. Then, in the country one can rest from the noise and hurry of the town. Even though one has to get up earlier and spend more time in trains or buses, one can sleep better at night and during weekends and on summer evenings, one can enjoy the fresh, clean air of the country. If one likes gardens, one can spend one's free time digging, planting, watering and other jobs which are needed in a garden. Then, when the ‎ flowers and vegetables come up, one has the reward of one who has shared the secret of nature.‎ Some people, however, take no interest in country thing: for them, happiness lies in the town, with its cinemas and theatres, beautiful shops and busy streets, dance halls and restaurants. Such people would feel that their life was not worth living if they had to live it outside London. An occasional walk in one of the parks and a fortnight's(two weeks) visit to the sea every summer is all the country they want: the rest they are quite prepared to leave to those who are glad to get away from London every night.‎ ‎25. Which of the following is NOT true?‎ ‎ A. One can't get a good sleep if he lives outside London.‎ ‎ B. Houses outside London are usually cheaper to rent.‎ ‎ C. One can get closer to nature if he lives in the country.‎ ‎ D. There are still some people who don't like the country.‎ ‎26. How many advantages of living outside London are mentioned in the passage?‎ ‎ A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.‎ ‎27. People who want to live in the town are probably NOT interested in  .‎ ‎ A. movies B. gardening C. shopping D. dances ‎28. What's the main idea of this passage?‎ ‎ A. The advantage and disadvantage of living outside of London.‎ ‎ B. The advantage and disadvantage of living in the town.‎ ‎ C. Why some people take no interest in living in the country.‎ ‎ D. Many people choose to work in London but live in the country.‎ 参考答案：25-28 ACBD ‎[四]‎ Edwin Hubble made his most important discoveries in the 1920s.Today, other astronomers continue the work he began. Many of them are using the Hubble Space Telescope that is named after him.‎ Edwin Powell Hubble was born in ‎1889 in Marshfield‎, ‎Missouri. He spent his early years ‎ in the state of Kentucky. Then he moved with his family to Chicago, in Louisville. He attended the University‎ of ‎Chicago. He studied mathematics and astronomy. Hubble was a good student. He was a good athlete, too. He was a member of the University‎ of ‎Chicago championship basketball team in 1909. He also was an excellent boxer. Several people urged him to train for the world heavyweight boxing championship after college. Instead, he decided to continue his studies. He went to Queen’s College at Oxford‎, ‎England.‎ At Oxford, Hubble studied law. He was interested in British Common Law, because his family had come to America from England many years before. He spent three years at Oxford. In 1913, Hubble returned to the United States. He opened a law office in Louisville‎, ‎Kentucky. After a short time, however, he decided he did not want to be a lawyer. He returned to the University‎ of ‎Chicago. There, once again, he studied astronomy. Edwin Hubble was the first person to use the Hale Telescope. He died in 1953 while preparing to spend four nights looking through the telescope at the sky.‎ Hubble's work led to a new research on the birth of the universe. One astronomer said scientists have been filling in the details ever since. And he said there was a long way to go.‎ ‎29. What would be the best title for this passage?‎ A. Edwin Hubble's Life B. Edwin Hubble’s Discoveries C. The Hubble Space Telescope D. Edwin Hubble—A Famous Lawyer ‎30. According to this passage, Edwin Hubble was most interested in______.‎ A. sports B. law C. astronomy D. mathematics ‎31. Which of the following shows the RIGHT order according to this passage?‎ a. He joined the University‎ of ‎Chicago championship basketball team.‎ b. He studied astronomy at the University‎ of ‎Chicago once again.‎ c. He moved to Louisville with his family.‎ d. He used the Hale Telescope to look at the sky.‎ e. He became a lawyer in Louisville for a short period of time.‎ A .c, a, b ,d ,e B. a ,c. b ,e, d C. a ,b ,d ,e ,c D. c. a ,e, b ,d ‎ ‎32. From this passage, we know that______.‎ A. the Hubble Space Telescope was made by Hubble himself B. Edwin Powell Hubble went to Oxford‎, ‎England in 1910‎ C. Edwin Powell Hubble grew up in ‎Marshfield‎, ‎Missouri D. Hubble died while he was looking at the sky 参考答案：29-32 ACDB ‎[五]‎ ‎ Most people think alcohol isn't a good thing. One of the most debated issues about alcohol consumption has been the consistent finding that those who don’t drink tend to die sooner than those who do. The standard explanation for this finding is this: many of those who give up alcohol are actually former hard-core drunks who had already had health problems associated with drinking before stopping.‎ But a new paper suggests that abstaining(戒除)from alcohol does tend to increase one’s risk of dying, even when you leave former problem drinkers out. The most shocking part? Abstainers’ mortality rates(死亡率) are higher than those of heavy drinkers.‎ Moderate(适度的) drinking, which is defined as one to three drinks per day, is associated with the lowest mortality rates. Moderate alcohol use is thought to improve heart health, circulation and sociability, which can be important because people who are isolated（孤立） don’t have as many family members and friends who can notice and help treat health problems.‎ ‎ But why would abstaining from alcohol lead to a shorter life? It’s true that those who abstain from alcohol tend to be from lower socioeconomic classes, since drinking can be expensive. And people of lower socioeconomic status have more life stressors.‎ But even after controlling nearly all imaginable factors ----- socioeconomic status, number of close friends and so on ----- the researchers found that over a 20-year period, mortality rates were highest for those who were not current drinkers, second highest for heavy drinkers and lowest for moderate drinkers.‎ Though heavy drinking is associated with higher risk for many diseases, heavy drinkers are less likely to die than people who don’t drink. One important reason is that alcohol strengthens social interactions, and social interactions are vital for maintaining mental and physical health. Nondrinkers show greater signs of depression.‎ The authors of the new paper are careful to note that even if drinking is associated with longer life, it can be dangerous: it can affect your memory severely and it can lead to falls and other troubles that can ‎ affect your life. There’s also the dependency issue: if you become addicted to alcohol, you may spend a long time trying to get off the bottle.‎ ‎28. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the standard explanation and the new paper?‎ A. The latter finds that healthy abstainers have longer lives than heavy drinkers.‎ B. The former finds that nondrinkers live longer than heavy drinkers.‎ C. The latter finds that abstainers are more likely to die than heavy drinkers.‎ D. The former finds that abstainers live longer than heavy drinkers.‎ ‎29. What can be concluded about moderate drinking?‎ A. It is helpful for people’s blood circulation.‎ B. It reduces people’s life stressors.‎ C. It reduces people’s association with friends.‎ D. It cuts off people’s connection with their familiars.‎ ‎30. Nondrinkers are more likely to be _________.‎ A. strict and cooperative with others. B. depressed and stressful C. outgoing and responsible D. warm-hearted and dependent ‎31. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 6 mean?‎ A. The mortality rate of heavy drinkers will be lower if they give up drinking.‎ B. Heavy drinkers can live longest even if they don’t give up drinking.‎ C. The mortality rate of heavy drinkers is lower than that of nondrinkers.‎ D. Heavy drinkers may live longer as long as they give up drinking.‎ 参考答案：28—31 CABC ‎[六]‎ ‎ Apple has entered the textbook market. The tech giant（科技巨头） introduced iBooks textbooks a couple of weeks ago when it announced its iBooks 2 platform. They are digital books in many subjects taking in science, math, history and geography.‎ ‎ Apple developed its iPad-based textbooks in conjunction with（连接）major textbook publishers. The company offers a collection of textbooks for high school students. ‎ ‎ Apple says it offers a “new textbook experience” and suggests its iBooks textbooks are “the next chapter in learning”. It sounds like good news for pupils and students. Think of it. No more carrying heavy ‎ backpacks full of textbooks. Every textbook you require can be stored on your iPad. No more having to buy expensive textbooks which you will only use for a year or two and then sell or give away.‎ ‎ Of course there’s a catch. You need to own an iPad and as you know, it is not cheap. You also need to buy digital textbooks, mostly priced each at $14.99 (94.74 yuan) or less. Textbook publishing was worth $ 8.7 billion in the US alone last year. And the rest, as they say, is history. Will Apple revolutionize learning? Will digital books take over completely in education? That remains to be seen.‎ ‎29. What is the best title of the text?‎ ‎ A. Apple Enters New Market B. A Different Way of Learning ‎ ‎ C. Experience Digital Textbooks D. Say Good-bye to Tradition ‎30. iBooks textbooks will do good to pupils and students because ________.‎ ‎ A. they are free to get B. they are easy to carry ‎ C. they are ipad-based D. they are favorite gifts ‎31. The underlined words “a catch” in Paragraph 4 are closest in meaning to “________.”‎ ‎ A. an advantage B. a surprise C. a problem D. an order ‎32. What can we know from the last paragraph?‎ ‎ A. iPad-based textbooks have changed our learning.‎ ‎ B. Traditional textbooks will be replaced sooner or later.‎ ‎ C. Apple has earned a lot from the textbook market.‎ ‎ D. Digital books have disadvantages and advantages.‎ 参考答案：29—32 ABCD ‎[七]‎ What are the qualities of a good journalist? Here's what I have found.‎ First, a good journalist should be alert (警觉的). If you're not, how can you find news? You should always stay alert. Only in this way can you find valuable news. Don't think you can just sit in the office and wait for phone calls about information. It doesn't work.‎ Second, you should have an inquiring mind.For example, when something happens, you should think why it happens, what consequences (后果) it will lead to, and so on. Don't just report what you see. Dig deeper to find more information.‎ Third, a good journalist should be quick. It means you should report quickly what you have discovered during your missions. If you report the news too tardily,_then it is not news, right?‎ Fourth, as a good journalist, you should be accurate. I remember that a singer was said to be in a relationship which he was not in a few years ago. The journalist reported it just because of a rumor. Luckily for the singer, he is a very lovable person, and the large audience of that newspaper did not believe what the report said. That happened in his case, but there are many other people who can have their entire careers ruined because of some bad rumors. So never report something just based on a rumor.‎ Also, to be a good journalist, you need to be brave and willing to sacrifice. I have to tell you that the life of a journalist is not easy. Let's say your boss tells you that from the next week, you will go to a war area and stay there to send back valuable information for two months. Would you quit and look for another job? I hope not. This is not what we want from our journalists.‎ ‎29．According to Paragraph 2, a good journalist should ________.‎ A．wait for phone calls about information B．go out and look around on the street every day C．get valuable news from his/her colleagues D．know it once something worth reporting happens ‎30．What does the underlined word “tardily” in Paragraph 4 mean?‎ A．Fast.　　　B．Late. C．Lazily. D．Boringly.‎ ‎31．The singer's story is mentioned to show that a good journalist should ________.‎ A．be able to find news everywhere B．be able to find exciting news C．report news to entertain the public D．make sure the report is correct ‎32．What is the text mainly about?‎ A．How to report news quickly.‎ B．How journalists usually work.‎ C．What makes a good journalist.‎ D．What makes a good news story.‎ 参考答案：29-32 DBDC ‎[八]‎ Finally, the long-awaited flying car is almost here.‎ AeroMobil, a Slovakian company, plans to start selling its creation, the AeroMobil 3.0, in 2018.‎ The company claims on its site that the vehicle “transforms in seconds from an automobile to an airplane” by using “existing infrastructure(基础设施) created for automobiles and planes.” The vehicle is gas-powered and has wings that fold, which allows it to be parked like a car, though it is nearly 20 feet ‎ long.‎ The company’s web site features a video where the AeroMobil 3.0 drives out of a hangar (飞机库) and goes down a highway, sharing the road with regular cars until it arrives at an airstrip. The car then unfolds its wings and takes off from a stretch of grass, rather than a paved tarmac (停机坪) , and flies through the air like any other small airplane.‎ AeroMobil spokesman Stefan Vadocz said his company hasn’t nailed down an exact price because it’s not ready yet.‎ ‎“The prototype is a work in progress,” he said in an email. But he said to expect the price to be several hundreds of thousands of euros, somewhere in between a sports car and a light sports aircraft. The vehicle seats two people — the pilot and a passenger — and its single propeller (螺旋桨) is located to the rear of the plane. The company said the car’s top speed on the road is at least ‎99 mph and while flying is at least ‎124 mph. It can fly for 435 miles before running out of gas. It has a steel framework and carbon coating and is powered by a Rotax 912, a four-cylinder aircraft engine from BRP of Austria.‎ Flying cars aren’t exactly new. The concept has been around since long before “The Jetsons” popularized the idea in the 1960s. It’s been a regular topic in Popular Science ever since the famous pilot Eddie Rickenbacker in World War I wrote about it in 1924. But getting a practical, reliable flying car off the ground has been a serious challenge. Glenn Curtiss, a strong competitor of the Wright Brothers, discovered this in 1918 when he developed the Curtiss Autoplane. It turned out to be more of a hopper than a flyer, so it failed to take off with the public.‎ The AeroMobil 3.0 has at least one competitor, the Terrafugia Transition, which also runs on gas and has folding wings. Terrafugia has said in the past that it plans to release the Transition into the market this year.‎ ‎28. The AeroMobil 3.0 has the following features EXCEPT that .‎ A. it can transform between a car and an airplane quickly B. it is as convenient to park as a regular car C. it can share the same road with regular cars D. it has to be powered by special fuel ‎29. The underlined word “prototype” in Paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to _________.‎ A. perfect version B. fashionable design C. original model D. committed engineer ‎30. We can learn from the passage that __________.‎ A. Glenn Curtiss was a pioneer in making a flying car B. since 1924 the flying car has become the most popular topic worldwide C. the Transition will definitely defeat the AeroMobil 3.0 on the market D. the AeroMobil 3.0 is expected to be as cheap as a regular car ‎31. The passage is mainly about _________.‎ A. the working principles of a flying cars B. the advantages of the AeroMobil 3.0 over regular car C. the comparison between different products D. the introduction to a new invention 参考答案：28-31.DCAD ‎[九]‎ What about your performance at today’s class？Are you active enough to focus on the lessons? Nowadays it is common to see students’ laziness and poor efficiency at class. And that is why schools across the world are trying to come up with solutions to keep students active. Some are replacing traditional classroom chairs with exercise balls or standing desks. At Ward Elementary School in Winston, North Carolina students have adopted a new program that requires riding fixed bikes while reading.‎ ‎‘Read and Ride’ is the creation of school counselor Scott Ertl, who came up with the idea while he was exercising and reading at the gym. Believing it would be a fun way to convince students to become more active, he placed one in the corner of his classroom and encouraged them to use it during independent reading classes.‎ It was so popular that Ertl decided to add more bikes and offer the Read and Ride program to the entire school. Today Ward Elementary has a dedicated exercise room filled with bikes that can be used by students while completing their daily reading assignments.‎ Besides making reading more fun, the program also helps students exercise at a comfortable pace without the pressure that comes with regular sports-related activities. It is also a perfect way to release energy during days when the weather is not helpful to outdoor activities. What is more important, however, are the program’s academic benefits. A year after Read and Ride was introduced at Ward Elementary School, students actively involved in the program demonstrated anastonishing83% reading proficiency. Those who had not taken advantage of the exercise bikes tested at a much lower, 41%. ‎ Of course there are many other programs which have got good results as ‘Read and Ride’. Though the substantial improvement in academic achievement cannot all be attributed to programs like ‘Read and ‎ Ride,’ experts believe they are a significant contributor. That’s because studies have shown that physical activity stimulates（刺激）brain cells and helps prepare it for learning. So don’t be surprised to find more schools across the country will adopt “Read and Ride” for their students.‎ ‎32. What is the new program at Ward Elementary School?‎ A. Kids excise balls in the classroom.‎ B. Kids ride bikes when they are reading.‎ C. Kids attend reading classes at the gym.‎ D. Kids stand on the desks while reading.‎ ‎33. How do the students at Ward Elementary School benefit from the program?‎ A. They exercise with high pressure. B. They become more active in sports.‎ C. They feel reading fun and learn better. D. They become more independent in reading.‎ ‎34. Which of the following is the closest in the meaning to the underlined phrase in the last paragraph?‎ A. be due to B. be occupied with C. be devoted to D. be addicted to ‎35. What is the author's attitude towards this program?‎ A. Neutral. B. Negative. C. Doubtful. D. Positive.‎ 参考答案：32-35．BCAD ‎ ‎[十]‎ ‎ “Have a nice day!” may be a pleasant gesture or a meaningless expression. When my friend Maxie says “have a nice day” with a smile, I know she sincerely cares about what happens to me. I feel loved and secure since another person cares about me and wishes me well.‎ ‎　　“Have a nice day. Next!” this version of the expression is spoken by a salesgirl at the supermarket who is rushing me and my groceries out the door. The words come out in the same tone with a fixed procedure. They are spoken at me, not to me. Obviously, the concern for my day and everyone else’s is the management’s attempt to increase business. ‎ ‎　　The expression is one of those behaviors that help people get along with each other. Sometimes it indicates the end of a meeting. As soon as you hear it, you know the meeting is at an end. Sometimes the expression saves us when we don’t know what to say. “oh, you just had a tooth out? I’m terribly sorry, but have a nice day.”‎ ‎　　The expression can be pleasant. If a stranger says “Have a nice day!” to you, you may find it ‎ heart-warming because someone you don’t know has tried to be nice to you.‎ ‎　　Although the use of the expression is an insincere, meaningless social custom at times, there is nothing wrong with the sentence except that it is a little uninteresting. The sale girl, the waitress, the teacher, and all the countless others who speak it without thinking may not really care about my day. But in a strange and comfortable way, it’s nice to know they care enough to pretend they care when they really don’t care all that much. While the expression may not often be sincere, it is always spoken. The point is that people say it all the time when they like.‎ ‎29. How does the author understand Maxie’s word?‎ ‎　　A. Maxie shows her anxiety to the author.‎ ‎　　B. Maxie really wishes the author a good day.‎ ‎　　C. Maxie encourages the author to stay happy.‎ ‎　　D. Maxie really worries about the author’s security.‎ ‎30. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?‎ ‎　　A. The salesgirl is rude.‎ ‎　　B. The salesgirl is bored.‎ ‎　　C. The salesgirl cares about me.‎ ‎　　D. The salesgirl says the words as a routine.‎ ‎31. By saying “Have a nice day,” a stranger may______.‎ ‎　　A. try to be polite to you ‎　　B. express respects to you ‎　　C. give his blessing to you ‎　　D. share his pleasure with you.‎ ‎32. What is the best title of the passage?‎ ‎　　A. Have a Nice Day---- a Social Custom ‎　　B. Have a Nice Day----- a pleasant Gesture ‎　　C. Have a Nice Day----- a heart-warming Greeting ‎　　D. Have a Nice Day----- a polite ending of a Conversation 参考答案：29—32 BDAA ‎