2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit3Inventorsandinventions单元学案（30页word版）

2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit3Inventorsandinventions单元学案（30页word版）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit 3Inventors and inventions单元学案 单元基础词汇语法过关复习 一、单句语法填空 ‎1．(2017年江苏卷·书面表达)Why bother？We can stay at home and watch films online.It's ________ (convenience) with our new and faster network.‎ ‎2．Give up smoking, ________ you may die of lung cancer.‎ ‎3．________ (work) harder, you will succeed in your studies.‎ ‎4．(2017年新课标Ⅲ卷·阅读理解C)The disappearance of the wolves had many ________ (expected) results.‎ ‎5．The boy ________ (knock) down by the car was immediately taken to the nearby hospital.‎ ‎6．Although this result may not surprise you, it leads to important ________ (practice) advice.‎ ‎7．There is little doubt in your mind that he is ________ (innocence), is there?‎ ‎8．The elephant ________ (seize) a nearby branch and put it into her mouth.‎ ‎9．If you ________ (association) something with another thing, the two are connected in your mind.‎ ‎10．He's colorblind and can't ________ (distinct) the difference between red and green easily.‎ 二、单句改错 ‎1．(2017年新课标Ⅲ卷·短文改错)I enjoyed studying different kinds of cars and planes，playing pop music，and collecting the late music albums.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2．(2017年新课标Ⅲ卷·阅读理解C)By the 1920s，wolves have practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3．For various reason my parents wouldn't like me to travel abroad.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4．As a matter of fact, there is a limit on what one person can tolerate.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5．I'll look into the matter as soon as possible.Just have a little patient.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎6．I'm totally confusing.Could you explain that again?‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎7．I had the greatest difficulty with persuading him.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎8．In the new factory all the equipments was up to date.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎9．It's not easy organize such a wellprepared exhibition.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎10．Dear passengers, please remain seating until the bus totally stops.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ 三、完形填空 ‎(2016年石家庄高中毕业班适应性测试)‎ Last night, my eighteenyearold son and I were leaving a store.At the end of the parking lot, there stood a man.He was __1__ than many—most likely in his sixties—clean, but looked very sad.He was __2__ a sign which read: “Looking for work.__3__ to get enough money to buy a bus ticket to Wyoming.”‎ I drove by him and something in my heart said: You need to __4__ him.I rarely have cash on me, but today I __5__ had cash in my wallet.I had a $5 and a $10 dollar bill.I said to my son to get the $5 and we will __6__ by and hand it to the man.‎ My son said, “Mom, I think that man is really down on his __7__.Can we give it all to him？”‎ ‎“That's all the cash I have，” I answered.“But, you can __8__ to give him the $5 or the $10.”‎ He __9__ took out the 10 dollars.We drove back over to the man.My ‎ son __10__ the man the money, he looked so __11__ and at first said nothing.He opened the __12__ and turned it over a few times realizing it wasn't just a dollar note.His eyes grew __13__， his mouth dropped open, and he said, “Thank you, thank you.”‎ ‎“You're welcome，” we __14__， and drove off.‎ I didn't realize it, but my son __15__ him in the car mirror as we drove away.He told me that the man __16__ his backpack and began walking away.We don't know __17__ he was going, and it really doesn't matter.He was on his way.‎ On the __18__ of the ride home, my son told me that in his English class, they have been doing a service journal.He was excited to be able to go to school and write about this __19__.‎ It made us both feel so __20__ to help this old man.We hope, in some way, he finds his way back to Wyoming.‎ ‎1．A.kinder B．stronger C．older D．taller ‎2．A.holding B．making C．checking D．painting ‎3．A.Hesitating B．Trying C．Managing D．Begging ‎4．A.defend B．recognize C．develop D．help ‎5．A.illegally B．exactly C．actually D．finally ‎6．A.drive B．move C．walk D．stand ‎7．A.impression B．luck C．voice D．appearance ‎8．A.deserve B．demand C．choose D．promise ‎9．A.violently B．immediately C．hardly D．slowly ‎10．A.threw B．lent C．spared D．handed ‎11．A.interested B．troubled C．shocked D．disappointed ‎12．A.wallet B．bill C．paper D．dollar ‎13．A.black B．white C．wide D．narrow ‎14．A.smiled B．cried C．sighed D．shouted ‎15．A.accompanied B．repaid C．suspected D．watched ‎16．A.filled in B．gave up C．picked up D．turned down ‎17．A.where B．how C．whether D．when ‎18．A.top B．rest C．part D．back ‎19．A.ride B．effect C．cash D．experience ‎20．A.positive B．energetic C．special D．normal 四、短文改错 ‎(2016年江西省吉水中学高三月考)‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ I've learned from the newspaper that your company is looking for receptionist.I'm very interesting in the job and I'd like to apply to the position.‎ First of all, allow me to introduce myself.I had just graduated from high school and taken the University Entrance Examination.I want to find out a parttime job this summer.I'm 18 year old and have a good command of English, especial in terms of speaking and listening.In fact, I once won the first prize in the English speech competition hold in our school.Besides, I'm quite easygoing but therefore very popular among my classmates.‎ I sincerely hope you can give us a chance.I'm looking forward to your early reply.‎ 五、阅读理解 ‎(2017年江西省百校联盟高三第一次联考)‎ ‎“Food in France is still primarily about pleasure，” says Mark Singer, technical director of cuisine at Le Cordon Bleu in Paris.“Cooking and eating are both pastimes (消遣) and pleasure.” The French might start their day with bread, butter, jam, and perhaps something hot to drink—it's a time of the day when the whole family can be united.Singer, born in Philadelphia, has lived in France for more than 40 years.‎ ‎“Although things have changed greatly in the past 20 years when it comes to food in the country，” he says, “and what was a big affair with eating has been slowly softened up, there are still events in the year, like birthdays and New Year's Eve and Christmas Eve that are still really anchored in traditional food and cooking.But it's not every day.”‎ Some people think French food life may be a performance, adds Jennifer Berg, director of graduate food studies at New York University.“They want to believe that France is this nation where people are spending five hours a day going to 12 different markets to get their food.The reality is most croissants (羊角面包) are factorymade, and most people are buying convenience food, except for the very small group of people in high society.But part of our identity relies on believing that myth.”‎ In Italy, as in France, takeout is still relatively rare.“Eating fast is not at all part of our culture，” says Marco Bolasco, editorial director of Slow Food and an Italian food expert.“Our meals are relaxed, even during a lunch break.Food in Italy is love, and nutrition, and pleasure，” he says.An Italian child's first experience with food is not small round cakes or rice or eggs, but probably icecream, notes Bolasco.Status and wealth play less of a role in food.‎ ‎1．How have things about French food changed?‎ A．People prefer to cook at home.‎ B．More people choose to eat out.‎ C．Traditional food is less frequently cooked.‎ D．People eat faster than before.‎ ‎2．What does the underlined word “performance” in Paragraph 3 refer to?‎ A．A bother. B．A play.‎ C．A hobby. D．A routine.‎ ‎3．Why is Italian food compared with French food in the last ‎ paragraph?‎ A．To show the advantages of Italian food.‎ B．To prove the differences between them.‎ C．To reflect the customs of Italian food.‎ D．To indicate the common points of the two.‎ ‎4．What's the main idea of the passage?‎ A．Food as identity. B．Food as pleasure.‎ C．Food as survival. D．Food as status.‎ 能力检测答案 一、1.convenient　2.or/otherwise　3.Working ‎4．unexpected　5.knocked　6.practical　7.innocent ‎8．seized　9.associate　10.distinguish 二、1.late→latest　2.have→had　3.reason→reasons ‎4．on→to　5.patient→patience ‎6．confusing→confused　7.with→in　‎ ‎8．equipments→equipment　9.organize前加to　‎ ‎10．seating→seated 三、本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和儿子帮助一位老人的故事。‎ ‎1．C　根据空格后的“most likely in his sixties”可知，这个人年纪比较大，所以older符合语境。‎ ‎2．A　根据常识可知，这个老人应该是举着一块牌子，所以hold符合语境。‎ ‎3．B　根据语境可知，这位老人想找一份工作，努力挣够钱买一张去Wyoming的车票，所以try符合语境。‎ ‎4．D　根据下文内容可知，作者想帮助这位老人，所以help符合语境。‎ ‎5．C　根据下一句“I had a $5 and a $10 dollar bill.”可知，此处指平时作者很少带现金，但是今天她的钱包里居然有些现金，所以actually符合语境。‎ ‎6．A　根据第五段第二句“We drove back over to the man.”可知，作者是开车来到这位老人身边的，所以drive符合语境。‎ ‎7．B　根据语境可知，作者的儿子认为这位老人现在正处于困境，运气不好，所以luck符合语境。‎ ‎8．C　根据语境可知，作者认为不能将所有的现金都给老人，但儿子可以选择给老人5美元还是10美元。另外，空后的“or”也是提示，所以choose符合语境。‎ ‎9．B　根据语境可知，作者的儿子立即拿出那张面额为10美元的钞票准备给那位老人。immediately立即地，符合语境。‎ ‎10．D　此处应指作者的儿子将这张纸币递给老人，hand递给，符合语境。‎ ‎11．C　根据空格后的“at first said nothing...turned it over a few times”可知，此处应指当这位老人看到有人直接拿钱帮助自己时，他非常震惊，一开始什么都没说，并将钞票翻来覆去看了好几遍，所以shocked符合语境。‎ ‎12．B　根据空格后的“realizing it wasn't just a dollar note”可知，此处应指老人将作者的儿子递给他的钱展开，翻来覆去看了好几遍，才意识到这不是一张一美元的纸币，所以此处应填bill。故选B。‎ ‎13．C　根据语境可知，老人瞪大眼睛张大嘴，有点不敢相信眼前的状况，所以wide符合语境。‎ ‎14．A　根据常识可知，当这位老人感谢作者母子时，作者母子应该是微笑着说“不客气”，所以smile符合语境。‎ ‎15．D　根据语境可知，此处指作者的儿子通过倒车镜注视着这位老人，故选D。‎ ‎16．C　根据语境可知，这位老人拿起背包准备离开，pick up拿起，捡起，符合语境。故选C。‎ ‎17．A　根据语境可知，作者和她儿子都不知道这位老人要去哪里。此处应用where引导宾语从句并在从句中做地点状语。故选A。‎ ‎18．B　根据语境可知，在剩下的(rest)返程中，作者的儿子向她说了一件事，故选B。‎ ‎19．D　作者母子帮助这位老人的事情对儿子来讲是一次难忘的经历，故选D。‎ ‎20．A　根据语境可知，帮助老人这件事让作者母子二人都感觉很好，所以positive良好的，正面的，符合语境。‎ 四、第一处： receptionist 前加a。 receptionist为可数名词，需加不定冠词表泛指。‎ 第二处： interesting→interested。be interested in对……感兴趣。‎ 第三处： to→for。apply to 应用； apply for申请。故将to改为for。‎ 第四处： had→have。句意：我已经高中毕业参加完了高考。根据语境可知这里是现在完成时，故将had改为have。‎ 第五处： 去掉out。find out(强调寻找后的结果)找出，查明； find(强调找的过程)找到，获得。故去掉out。‎ 第六处： year→years。18 years old 18岁，years要用复数，故将year改为years。‎ 第七处： especial→‎ especially。句意：我英语很好，特别是说和听。这里用副词做状语，修饰句子。‎ 第八处： hold→held。competition和动词hold之间是被动关系，故这里用过去分词做后置定语。所以将hold改为held。‎ 第九处： but→and。句意：我非常随和，因此很受同学的欢迎。前后句并列关系，连词用and，故将but改为and。‎ 第十处： us→me。句意：我真诚地希望你能给我一个机会。根据句意可知应将me改为us。‎ 五、本文是一篇说明文。作者通过专家的话语来说明法国人和意大利人对于食物是带着一种享受生活的态度。‎ ‎1．C　推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知，法国传统美食受到冲击，人们只是偶尔在重大节日中才去享用传统美食，并不是每一天。故选C。‎ ‎2．A　词义猜测题。由后文中的“people are spending five hours a day going to 12 different markets to get their food”可知，此处应是指部分人认为法国传统烹饪比较繁琐。故此处performance指“麻烦”。故选A。‎ ‎3．D　推理判断题。由本段中的“In Italy, as in France”，再结合第一段中的“Food in France is still primarily about pleasure”和最后一段中的“Food in Italy is love, and nutrition, and pleasure”可知，作者比较这两种食物的目的是找出二者的共同点，阐明主旨。故选D。‎ ‎4．B　文章大意题。由文中的“Food in France is still primarily about pleasure”，“Cooking and eating are both pastimes (消遣) and pleasure.”以及“Food in Italy is love, and nutrition, and pleasure”可知选B。‎ 单元综合知识运用检测 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ A The National Parks and ‎ Federal Recreational Lands Pass Series A pass is your ticket to more than 2,000 federal recreation sites. Each pass covers entrance fees at national parks and national wildlife refuges as well as standard amenity (便利设施) fees and day use fees for a driver and all passengers in a personal vehicle at per vehicle fee areas at national forests and grasslands, and at lands managed by the Bureau of ‎ Land Management, Bureau of Reclamation and U. S. Army Corps of Engineers. Children aged 15 or under are admitted free. The following passes make up the series：‎ Annual Pass ‎·＄80‎ ‎·Available to everyone.‎ ‎·Can be obtained in person at a federal recreation site, right here online, or contact us.‎ ‎·Nontransferable (不可转让的)．‎ Senior Pass ‎·＄10, lifetime pass ‎·For U. S. citizens or permanent residents aged 62 or over.‎ ‎·May be obtained online, in person at a federal recreation site or through the mail using this application form. Applicants must provide documentation of age and residency or citizenship.‎ Access Pass ‎·Free ‎·For U. S. citizens or permanent residents with permanent disabilities.‎ ‎·May be obtained in person at a federal recreation site or through the mail using this application form. Applicants must provide documentation of permanent disability and residency or citizenship.‎ Volunteer Pass ‎·Free ‎·For volunteers who acquire 250 service hours with the federal agencies that participate in the Interagency Pass Program.‎ ‎·Contact your local federal recreation site for more information about volunteer opportunities or visit Volunteer. gov.‎ 语篇解读：本文是应用文，主要介绍了美国国家公园和联邦游憩地的年票、老年票、残障人士票以及志愿者票的相关信息。‎ ‎21．Which pass is suitable for a healthy U. S. citizen in his seventies?‎ A．Annual Pass.　　　　　　 B．Senior Pass.‎ C．Access Pass. D．Volunteer Pass.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据Senior Pass中的“For U. S. citizens or permanent residents aged 62 or over”可知，一个70多岁的健康的美国公民适合购买老年票，故选B项。‎ ‎22．What do we know about the pass series?‎ A．Only U. S. citizens can access the series.‎ B．Ownership of Annual Pass can be handed over.‎ C．Access Pass can be got through two ways.‎ D．Volunteering guarantees Volunteer Pass.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据Access Pass中的“May be obtained in person at a federal recreation site or through the mail using this application form”可知，残障人士票可以通过以下两种方式获得：在联邦游憩地亲自申请或者通过电子邮箱提交申请表申请。故选C项。‎ ‎23．Where is the passage probably taken from?‎ A．A report. B．A poster.‎ C．A newspaper. D．A webpage.‎ 解析：选D　文章出处题。根据文中的“right here online” “obtained online”可知，此文是选自网页，故选D项。‎ B Matthew Dunn, a Royal Navy aircraft engineer, spotted a brown leather wallet on the pavement near a Dutch restaurant, while touring with the Royal Navy Black Cats display team.‎ After finding ￡450 inside along with a selection of credit cards and a driving license, he was nervous about handing the wallet over to local police, fearing its rightful owner would never get it back. So Mr. Dunn, 27, decided to personally return the wallet, which he had nicknamed Wally, to its owner, Roy Somers, 49, from South London.‎ The 27yearold from Yeovil, Somerset, said, “If you lose your wallet, it's one of the worst feelings in the world — your life is inside it.Because the owner was UKbased and it had his address on the driving license, we thought we might as well take it back to the UK and post it.” Mr. Dunn's trip with Wally and his colleagues went from Amsterdam to a Dutch air base, on to Berlin and back again, before a return journey through the Netherlands, Belgium and France, arriving back to the UK via Eurostar on June 8. On arrival back in the UK, he posted the wallet to Mr. Somers by recorded delivery.‎ Mr. Somers had in the meantime cancelled his cards and assumed his wallet was long gone.He said, “A week after I got back, Matthew got in contact saying he had my wallet — I thought it was really nice that he'd taken the time to let me know.” Mr. Somers insisted on paying for a round of drinks for Mr. Dunn.‎ But Mr.Dunn refused.He said, “I just wanted to give Roy a bit of a giggle and show there are still some people in the world that are a little bit nice.Being part of the Forces you do try to do good things for people and, maybe one day, he'll come to watch one of our air shows, knowing his wallet is an honorary member.”‎ 语篇解读：这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲的是英国皇家海军的Matthew Dunn将拾得的钱包亲自带回英国并邮寄给失主的故事。‎ ‎24．Why did Mr. Dunn decide to return the wallet personally?‎ A．He wanted to meet the owner.‎ B．He thought it might be set aside.‎ C．He feared police might mishandle it.‎ D．He knew it meant a lot to its owner.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“he was nervous about handing the wallet over to local police, fearing its rightful owner would never get it back”可知，Mr. Dunn担心失主有可能会因警察的处理不当而收不到钱包，所以他决定亲自把钱包带回英国并邮寄给失主。故选C。‎ ‎25．What could be learned about Mr. Somers?‎ A．He hadn't expected his wallet back.‎ B．He treated Mr. Dunn to a drink.‎ C．He once worked in a Dutch restaurant.‎ D．He went to see Mr. Dunn's air shows.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Mr. Somers had in the meantime cancelled his cards and assumed his wallet was long gone”可知，Mr.Somers注销了他的卡，并且认为他的钱包“一去不复返了”。也就是说Mr. Somers没想过他的钱包能找回来。故选A。‎ ‎26．Which of the following words can best describe Mr. Dunn?‎ A．Knowledgeable. B．Adventurous.‎ C．Humorous. D．Noble.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，Mr.Dunn捡到了一个钱包，并亲自将钱包带回英国，邮寄给失主，这表明他拾金不昧，是一个具有崇高品质的(noble)人。故选D。‎ ‎27．What's the main purpose of the text?‎ A．To describe. B．To inform.‎ C．To introduce. D．To entertain.‎ 解析：选B　作者意图题。本文是一篇新闻报道，讲的是英国皇家海军的Matthew Dunn将拾得的钱包亲自带回英国并归还给失主的故事。由此可知，作者写作本文的目的是告知人们这一事件，故选B。‎ C ‎(2018·安徽省合肥三中模拟)Professional courses, such as Masters of International Business or MIB, have been taken by many students in the last two decades.They are choosing newage nonconventional courses that guarantee a better future.MIB is a specialized course that teaches the international business.There are valid reasons for so much popularity of the MIB course.‎ The course content and teaching methods of MIB are quite different from a normal MBA or Master of Business Administration.It has been designed with the sole objective of developing professionals with an indepth understanding and knowledge of the international trade.The course offers various advantages over the conventional MBA degree course.‎ The massive increase in the international business and foreign trade gives excellent job prospects (背景) to the new generation.Acquiring a degree of MIB offers outstanding growth of job opportunities. Those who want to pursue in the field of marketing also have a good future after completing the degree from a reputed MIB college.Big multinational organizations look for talented people who can handle the job profile of International Marketing Manage, and people with MIB degrees are preferred.The profile needs an indepth understanding of overseas markets because it is the strategic post from the perspective of company's international business growth.‎ Since business finance and economics are covered at_length in the curriculum of MIB, students have great job offers in the field of finance as well.Typically, organizations offer the profile of international finance controllers to those who complete MIB with the specialization of finance.The specialization covers aspects of international taxes, accounts, budgeting and so on.People in this field are wellpaid, and growth prospects are unlimited.After completing degree courses from a reputed MIB college, there is a good scope in the banking and finance sector as well.International banks appoint people who have an excellent grasp over the international banking policies, currency exchange, and international policies.Thus, MIB is the golden key to success with brilliant job opportunities in national and multinational sectors.‎ 语篇解读：本文介绍了近二十年里逐步流行并受学生青睐的MIB课程，即国际商务硕士课程。该课程与常规的MBA大有不同，它具有多种优势，包括可以增强学生的就业竞争力。‎ ‎28．How is the second paragraph mainly developed?‎ A．By analyzing causes. B．By listing figures.‎ C．By making comparisons. D．By proving definition.‎ 解析：选C　写作手法题。根据第二段首句“The course content and teaching methods of MIB are quite different from a normal MBA or Master of Business Administration.”可知，MIB与常规的MBA大有不同，由此可知，该段采用了作比较的说明方法。故选C项。‎ ‎29．Why do more and more people intend to acquire a degree of MIB?‎ A．It is a compulsory course in the colleges.‎ B．It sounds more special than other courses.‎ C．It offers them opportunities to do small businesses.‎ D．It helps them get good jobs in some organizations.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Acquiring a degree of MIB offers outstanding growth of job opportunities.”以及第四句“Big multinational organizations look for talented people who can handle ... and people with MIB degrees are preferred.”可知，获取MIB学位有助于在一些组织、机构中争取到好的职位。故选D项。‎ ‎30．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?‎ A．The international finance controller is a highquality job.‎ B．MIB holders are more promising in all careers than others.‎ C．International banks merely employ MIB college graduates.‎ D．People get higher salary in business field than in finance field.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Typically, organizations offer the profile of international finance controllers to those who complete MIB with the specialization of finance ... People in this field are wellpaid, and growth prospects are unlimited.”可推断，国际财务总监是一个高级职位。故选A项。‎ ‎31．What does the underlined phrase “at length” in Paragraph 4 mean?‎ A．At last.　　　　　　　　 B．On average.‎ C．In detail. D．By chance.‎ 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据最后一段首句中的“students have great job offers in the field of finance as well”可知，学生们在金融领域也能找到很好的工作。由此可判断金融学和经济学在MIB大纲中已有详尽的诠释。at last意为“终于”；on average意为“平均”；in detail意为“详尽地”；by chance意为“偶然”。故选C项。‎ D ‎(2018·辽宁省六校协作体联考)He had more than 160 reports as a reporter on the Metro desk and more than 170 in 19 months as a national journalist based in Kansas City, Mo. But perhaps the most important piece of writing that A. G. Sulzberger did for The New York Times before Wednesday — when he was named deputy publisher — was not an article and was not published in The Times, but was all about The Times.‎ That work came to be known as the “innovation (创新) report”， which zeroed in on the importance of a digital future for the newspaper his family has owned since 1896 and said The Times risked losing its leading place if it did not make sweeping changes.‎ In a conversation in his office on Wednesday, Mr. Sulzberger said he saw the innovation report and the thinking that led to his conclusions as “a wakeup call to the newsroom that we were at risk of missing the moment”．‎ ‎“It was always easy to see how changes will endanger the traditions of the place，” he said, “but what became really clear to me was not changing was the more dangerous course if we cared about the traditions of the place.”‎ Unlike some of the former deputy publishers in his role, Mr. Sulzberger has been more experienced in the newsroom than in advertising or consumer marketing. Still, his colleagues described him as a quick study whose modesty masked deep inner confidence. Besides, in the newsroom or out on an assignment, Mr. Sulzberger did not show off his connection to The Times' owners. “I recognized the name，” said Vincent Bova, a video editor who figured in a feature article that Mr. Sulzberger wrote in 2010. “I mean, I knew I was dealing with royalty. There was no reason for me to bring that up with him, and he didn't.” So Mr. Sulzberger, in some way, has qualified himself for the position since ‎ long time ago.‎ 语篇解读：本篇文章属于人物介绍类，介绍了著名出版人A.G. Sulzberger对《纽约时报》的重要贡献，还介绍了他提出的“创新报道”理论以及他人对他的评价。‎ ‎32．A. G. Sulzberger wrote the “innovation report” mainly to ________.‎ A．urge revolutions in The Times B．gain the position of deputy publisher C．promote changes in New York City D．show directions to his family future 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第二段“That work came to be known as the ‘innovation (创新) report’， which zeroed in on the importance of a digital future ... The Times risked losing its leading place if it did not make sweeping changes”可知，“创新报道”关注报纸数字化未来的重要性，《纽约时报》如果不改革，则将面临危机。据此可以判断，A. G. Sulzberger提及“创新报道”的目的是敦促《纽约时报》进行变革，故A项正确。‎ ‎33．What is the biggest threat to traditional media according to Mr. Sulzberger?‎ A．Scientific developments.‎ B．Rapid social changes.‎ C．Their own stubbornness.‎ D．Decreasing readers.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“and said The Times risked losing its leading place if it did not make sweeping changes”和文章中提到的“innovation report”可知，A. G.‎ ‎ Sulzberger认为《纽约时报》如果不做出变革，则将面临危机；据此可以判断，A. G. Sulzberger认为传统媒体面临的最大的问题是它们固执己见，不思变革，故C项正确。‎ ‎34．How does the author show us what Mr. Sulzberger is like in the last paragraph?‎ A．By comparing him with others.‎ B．By interviewing him in person.‎ C．By giving examples of his routines.‎ D．By quoting comments from others.‎ 解析：选D　写作手法题。通读最后一段可知，该段第二句介绍了同事对A. G. Sulzberger的评价，第四句和第五句介绍了视频编辑Vincent Bova对他的评价；据此可以判断，最后一段是通过别人的评价来描述A. G. Sulzberger的，故D项正确。‎ ‎35．What does the author think of Mr. Sulzberger according to the passage?‎ A．Casual. B．Objective.‎ C．Admirable. D．Critical.‎ 解析：选C　观点态度题。通读全文可知，A. G. Sulzberger提出“创新报道”理论并前瞻性地认识到数字化时代对传统媒体的影响，意识到传统媒体变革的重要意义；据此可以判断，作者对A. G. Sulzberger的态度是钦佩的，故C项正确。‎ 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ How to Deal with Losing in Sports Winning and losing go handinhand when it comes to sports.Great athletes never let the highs get too high, or the lows get too low.The outcome of a match is uncertain.The only thing that is certain is the ‎ competition itself.__36__ The outcome is just the result of all the hard work put in.‎ Congratulate your opponent after a loss.Respect your opponent because they put in as much work, or more than you.This shows respect for the opponent and respect for the contest.‎ Accept the fact that the loss is not one's fault.This is harder to do in an individual sport, but absolutely important in a team sport.__37__ Don't get down on yourself.If competing in an individual sport, accept that losing is a part of competing and move on.‎ Examine why you lost the competition.Ask yourself if you did everything possible to prepare for the competition.Ask yourself if you gave it your all during the competition.__38__ This is crucial if competing in an individual sport.If competing in a team sport, recognize that everyone isn't perfect and examine the loss from the team perspective.‎ ‎__39__ Practice more, or practice better.Correct whatever mistakes you made during the match.Get bigger, stronger, faster, smarter and do whatever it takes.‎ Seek out the support and encouragement of teammates and coaches.Don't allow yourself to think negatively.Avoid negative people.__40__‎ Never accuse an opponent of cheating, even if it was true.Again, this will make you seem as if you are looking for excuses.‎ A．Don't put the blame on anyone.‎ B．Work harder to get better.‎ C．Train hard to achieve your aim.‎ D．Winning is No.1 for great athletes.‎ E．Great athletes love the competition.‎ F．Stay positive and trust in your value.‎ G．Analyze any mistakes you might have made.‎ 语篇解读：赛场上难免会有失败，勇敢面对失败，分析失败的原因，保持良好的心态才是对待比赛的正确方式。‎ ‎36．解析：选E　第一段主要讲在体育上，胜败乃兵家常事，优秀的运动员都是以“不以物喜，不以己悲”的态度去面对体育赛场的成败。结合空前一句“The only thing that is certain is the competition itself.”可知，比赛本身比结果更重要。故E项(伟大的运动员热爱比赛)符合语境。‎ ‎37．解析：选A　根据第三段的主题句“Accept the fact that the loss is not one's fault.”和最后一句“ ...losing is a part of competing and move on.”可知，失败不是任何人的过失，因此，不要去责备任何人。A项中的blame与本段关键信息“is not one's fault”相呼应。故选A项。‎ ‎38．解析：选G　根据第四段主题句“Examine why you lost the competition.”可知，本段主要内容为多分析失败的原因。故G项(分析你可能犯过的任何错误)符合语境。‎ ‎39．解析：选B　设空处是本段的主题句。根据空后的“Practice more, or practice better.”可知，要多练习，由此可知，本段主题为“努力做得更好”。故选B项。‎ ‎40．解析：选F　根据本段的关键信息encouragement和“Avoid negative ...”可知，本段是建议要保持积极的态度。F项中的Stay positive与Avoid negative相对应。故选F项。‎ 第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ ‎(2018·山东师大附中模拟)I worked on boats for twenty five years. Now I am a docking pilot (码头领航员). My job is to __41__ in the large luxury liners (邮轮) and stay with them until they are __42__ stopped in the harbour. Sometimes this requires two tugs (拖船), sometimes many more, __43__ the tide and the weather.‎ Most of you no __44__ have seen these tugs pushing and pulling at the big liners. What they are doing doesn't seem to make much __45__， as the minute the big boat is alongside the port, her heavy rope made fast, the job is __46__.‎ I felt very __47__ after I had docked several of the large liners. I realized I was in __48__ of a great ship worth millions of dollars and the __49__ were depending on me to bring her safely to the port. These tugs, whether one or ten, __50__ about in accord with (与……一致) whistle signals I __51__ them from the bridge of the big liner. These signals make up a language that is just as __52__ as the spoken word, or even more so, __53__ our docking signals are hardly misunderstood. The captain of each tug does his work according to the signals he __54__. He never asks questions. He takes __55__ faithfully, and it __56__ works out.‎ Working around tugboats, where so much depends on __57__， has had its effect on what I believe. I believe that if I am to attain a(n) __58__ place in the world I must have the help of my fellow men just as the great transatlantic (横越大西洋的) liners depend on the __59__ of the little tugs to bring them safely to the __60__.‎ 语篇解读：“我”是一名码头领航员，主要负责将轮船安全地引入港口。在“我”‎ 的口哨信号下，数艘拖船前拖后推，协同工作，总能顺利完成任务。协同工作是成功完成任务的关键。‎ ‎41．A.put　　　　　　　　　 B．push C．bring D．join 解析：选C　根据前句“Now I am a docking pilot (码头领航员)”可知，“我”现在是一名码头领航员；据此可以判断，“我”的工作是将大型邮轮领进港口。故C项正确。‎ ‎42．A.safely B．dangerously C．immediately D．illegally 解析：选A　根据语境并结合第三段第二句中的“safely”可知，“我”要一直在邮轮上直到它们安全停泊在港口。A项意为“安全地”，故A项正确。B项意为“危险地”；C项意为“立即，马上”；D项意为“非法地”。‎ ‎43．A.adding to B．letting alone C．thinking of D．depending on 解析：选D　根据该句中的“Sometimes this requires two tugs (拖船), sometimes many more”可以判断，有时候需要两个拖船，有时候需要更多，这取决于潮汐和天气。D项意为“依靠，取决于”，故D项正确。A项意为“增加”；B项意为“更不用说”；C项意为“想起……”。‎ ‎44．A.wonder B．doubt C．need D．exception 解析：选B　根据语境可知，此处表示“你们中的大部分人很可能见过拖船推拉大油轮的情景”。no doubt为固定搭配，意为“无疑，很可能”。‎ ‎45．A.sense B．profit C．progress D．advance 解析：选A　根据该句中的“as the minute the big boat is alongside the port, her heavy rope made fast”可知，拖船工作看起来似乎没有多大作用。make sense为固定搭配，意为“有意义，起作用”。‎ ‎46．A.prepared B．lost C．planned D．done 解析：选D　根据该句中的“the big boat is alongside the port, her heavy rope made fast”可知，此处表示船到达港口，工作就完成了。D项意为“完成的”，故D项正确。‎ ‎47．A.bored B．meaningless C．important D．tired 解析：选C　根据后句中的“a great ship worth millions of dollars”可知，“我”管理的邮轮价值数百万美元；据此可以判断，“我”感到“我”的工作十分重要。C项意为“重要的”，故C项正确。A项意为“厌烦的”；B项意为“无意义的”；D项意为“疲劳的”。‎ ‎48．A.control B．praise C．defence D．place 解析：选A　参见上题解析。be in control of为固定搭配，意为“控制，管理”，故A项正确。‎ ‎49．A.clerks B．sportsmen C．readers D．owners 解析：选D　根据语境可以判断，船的主人要依靠“我”将价值数百万美元的船安全带进港口。D项意为“主人，所有者”，故D项正确。‎ ‎50．A.look B．move C．hear D．worry 解析：选B　根据该句中的“in accord with (与……一致) whistle ‎ signals”可知，这些拖船要根据“我”的口哨信号移动。故B项正确。‎ ‎51．A.write B．send C．mail D．bring 解析：选B　根据语境可知，“我”在大邮轮上给这些拖船发出口哨信号。B项意为“传达，告知”，故B项正确。‎ ‎52．A.dependable B．incredible C．doubtful D．visible 解析：选A　根据该句中的“our docking signals are hardly misunderstood”可知，由口哨声组成的这种语言跟话语一样可信。A项意为“可信赖的，可靠的”，故A项正确。B项意为“难以置信的”；C项意为“怀疑的”；D项意为“可见的”。‎ ‎53．A.though B．if C．while D．because 解析：选D　根据语境可知，由于“我”的停船信号非常容易理解，所以这种口哨语言和话语一样可信。由句意可知，空处前后为因果关系，故用because。‎ ‎54．A.gives B．spreads C．receives D．passes 解析：选C　每艘拖船的船长根据他所收到的信号进行工作。C项意为“接收”，故C项正确。A项意为“给出”，B项意为“传播”，D项意为“传递”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎55．A.nothing B．anything C．something D．everything 解析：选D　根据前句“He never asks questions”可以判断，船长忠实地执行一切信号指令，并且工作总是很顺利。D项意为“‎ 一切，所有事物”，故D项正确。‎ ‎56．A.never B．ever C．always D．seldom 解析：选C　参见上题解析。C项意为“总是，经常”，故C项正确。A项意为“从不”；B项意为“曾经”；D项意为“很少”。‎ ‎57．A.imagination B．creation C．teamwork D．performance 解析：选C　根据上段内容可知，拖船的船长要根据“我”的口哨信号工作，一般是几艘拖船一起工作才能将轮船引入港口；据此可知，拖船的工作要依靠团队协作。C项意为“协同工作”，故C项正确。A项意为“想象”；B项意为“创造”；D项意为“表演”。‎ ‎58．A.successful B．frustrating C．regretful D．embarrassing 解析：选A　根据语境可知，如果“我”要在世界上取得事业上的成功，那么“我”肯定要得到同伴们的帮助，就如在小拖船的帮助下，那些横越大西洋的巨轮才能安全驶入港口一样。A项意为“成功的”，故A项正确。‎ ‎59．A.prevention B．help C．objection D．delay 解析：选B　参见上题解析。‎ ‎60．A.airport B．station C．port D．stop 解析：选C　根据上文第二段最后一句中的“port”并结合语境可知，此处表示在小拖船的帮助下，那些横越大西洋的巨轮才能安全驶入港口。C项意为“港口”，故C项正确。‎ 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ Change is much easier when you have many supporting partners and unlimited resources. But, since it is often the shock of a death, divorce or some other life tragedy that __61__ (push) us out of our comfort zone to take care of ourselves, it can mean __62__ (force) to start to be independent, which for many of us is the scariest part of all.‎ Probably the most difficult thing about seeking significant change is doing it __63__ you don't have financial or emotional tools available to make the process go __64__ (smooth). But sometimes reaching our full potential means working without __65__ safety net. For those truly __66__ (devote) to their mission, having fewer resources can be a surprising blessing as it forces them to get __67__ (create) and explore new paths.‎ I don't know if it's possible to leave this world __68__ zero regrets. Because of the natural life cycles and the fact that sometimes it's the tragedy that causes our awakenings, we often realize it too late to avoid certain painful __69__ (outcome)．‎ Please keep in mind that the choice belongs to each of us. We all have the power to change and give more intentional __70__ (direct) to the remainder of our lives.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。选择权就在我们手中，我们都有能力去改变。‎ ‎61．pushes　考查动词时态和主谓一致。本文的基本时态是一般现在时，此处亦用一般现在时。本句是强调句，强调的是or连接的并列主语，故谓语动词应与or之后的some other life tragedy保持一致，应用第三人称单数。故填pushes。‎ ‎62．being ‎ forced　考查非谓语动词。这可能意味着我们被逼开始变得独立。根据句意可知，mean在此表示“意味着”，其后应接名词、动名词或代词作宾语；又因force与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系，故此处应填being forced。‎ ‎63．when　考查状语从句。当你在没有可用的经济或情感工具以使过程顺利的情况下去寻求改变时，这可能是关于寻求重大变化最困难的事情。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导状语从句，且在从句中作时间状语，故填when。‎ ‎64．smoothly　考查副词。修饰动词go应用smooth的副词形式。‎ ‎65．a　考查冠词。但有时，充分发挥我们的潜能意味着我们要在没有安全网的情况下来付诸努力。net“网”，是可数名词，此处表泛指，故应用不定冠词a。‎ ‎66．devoted　考查非谓语动词。对那些真正致力于他们的任务的人来说，有更少的资源可能会是一件出人意料的好事。devote与those之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词。be devoted to ...是固定短语，表示“投身于……，致力于……”。‎ ‎67．creative　考查形容词。因为它能迫使他们变得富有创造力并探索新的道路。分析句子结构可知，get在句中为系动词，意为“变得”，故此处应用形容词creative作表语。‎ ‎68．with　考查介词。我不知道我们是否有可能毫无遗憾地离开这个世界。with表示“带有”，符合语境。‎ ‎69．outcomes　考查名词单复数。我们总是太晚意识到这种情况而不能避免某些令人痛苦的结果。根据outcome作“结果”讲时是可数名词以及空前无限定词修饰可知，此处应填outcomes。‎ ‎70．direction　考查名词。根据空前的“intentional”可知此处填direct的名词形式direction。‎ Ⅰ.写作规范增分练 第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ I'm tired and covered in dust. I've been digging all day and I'll be doing the same tomorrow. Sound awful, doesn't it? But I've never had so many fun in my life. As an archaeology student, I have already knew something about the Qin Tomb and the Terracotta Warriors. Most Chinese children can tell you Qin Shihuang was the first emperor joined China together. He was a brilliant ruler, and he was also a cruel man who killed thousands of people. When he became king of the state, he immediate ordered workers to construct an underground tomb for him, which is said to contain great treasures. But the actual entrance to the tomb has ever been found, nor has the tomb been opened. There are ancient descriptions of crossbows hiding at the tomb's entrance. It's said that if everyone steps across the entrance, the crossbows will be fire.‎ 答案：第三句：Sound→Sounds 第四句：many→much 第五句：knew→known 第六句：emperor后加that/who 第七句：and→but 第八句：immediate→immediately 第九句：ever→never 第十句：hiding→hidden 第十一句：everyone→anyone; 去掉be 第二节：书面表达(满分25分)‎ 假定你是李华，你班即将举行英语晚会，你想邀请外教Jill Robbins参加。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：‎ ‎1．真诚邀请；‎ ‎2．介绍内容；‎ ‎3．赴约时间。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Dear Jill Robbins，‎ I'm writing to give you a sincere invitation. ‎ ‎ ‎ I'm looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 参考范文：‎ Dear Jill Robbins，‎ I'm writing to give you a sincere invitation. In order to improve our English and enjoy ourselves, we have decided to hold an English evening party. I'm honoured to invite you to our party, where you will enjoy English songs and dances. We will be very happy if you can come and join us in the singing and dancing.‎ The party is to start at 8 p. m. tomorrow in the conference hall. If it is convenient for you, I'll pick you up at 7：30 tomorrow evening at the school gate. I am sure you will have a good time then! We hope for your coming wholeheartedly.‎ I'm looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua