2019届一轮复习北师大版必修二Unit4Cyberspace单元学案设计（47页word解析版）

2019届一轮复习北师大版必修二Unit4Cyberspace单元学案设计（47页word解析版）

‎2019届一轮复习北师大版必修2Unit4Cyberspace单元学案设计 ‎ [一积词汇见多识广]　‎ ‎[课内单词回扣]‎ ‎(一)阅读词汇写其义 ‎1．concept n．概念_　　　　　　　　2.climate n._气候 ‎3．chaos n．混乱，无秩序_ 4.network n._网络 ‎5．material n．材料，原料 6.destination n．目的地 ‎7．gallery n．画廊 8.locate vt.坐落于；位于 ‎(二)表达词汇写其形 ‎1．scenery_n．风景，景色 2.rapidly adv.快，迅速地 ‎3．growth n．增长；生长 4.pack_vt.收拾(行李)，打包 ‎5．average adj.平均的n.平均数 6.affect vt.影响 ‎7．regular adj.定期的；规则的 8.focus vi.集中注意 ‎9．officially adv.正式地 10._likely_adj.有可能的adv.可能 ‎11．attack n．& vt.攻击，进攻 12.fancy vt.想要做；幻想 ‎(三)拓展词汇灵活用 ‎*1.reality n．真实，现实→realize vt.实现；意识到→realistic adj.现实的 ‎*2.crime n．犯罪；罪行→criminal n．罪犯 ‎　3.optimistic adj.乐观的→optimism n．乐观；乐观主义 ‎*4.harm vt.& n．伤害，损害→harmful adj.有伤害的→harmless adj.无害的 ‎　5.obvious adj.明显的，显而易见的→obviously adv.明显地 ‎　6.scientific adj.科学的→science n．科学→scientist n．科学家 ‎*7.suggestion n．建议，提议→suggest vt.建议，提议 ‎　8.arrangement n．安排→arrange vt.安排 ‎　9.tourism n．观光，游览→tourist n．旅行者，观光者→tour n．&v.旅游，旅行 ‎　10.guide n．指南；导游，向导 vt.指导，引路→guidance n．指导；引导；领导 ‎　11.settle vi.&vt.定居；解决→settlement n．解决；定居地 ‎　12.regular adj.定期的；规则的→regularly adv.定期地；规则地 ‎*13.attractive adj.吸引人的，有魅力的→attraction n．吸引力；具有吸引力的事物或人→attract vt.吸引 ‎　14.terrorist n．恐怖分子→terrorism n．恐怖主义→terror n．恐怖→terrify vt.使恐怖；使惊吓 用上面加*号的单词的适当形式填空 ‎1．The man suggested that the manager should accept his suggestions which he thought were of great value.‎ ‎2．The criminal is said to have committed many crimes before being arrested.‎ ‎3．The Great Wall is an attraction,_whose scenes are very attractive,_and it attracts a large number of tourists every day.‎ ‎4．While I agree that this kind of food is harmless,_it will be harmful to teenagers if they eat it often.‎ ‎5．Jamie looked on John as his only real friend, but in reality John often spoke ill of him.‎ ‎,[话题单词积累]‎ ‎1．keyboard /'kiːbɔːd/ n．　 　 键盘 ‎2．monitor /'mɒnɪtə/ n. 监视器；显示屏 ‎3．mouse /maʊs/ n. (计算机)鼠标 ‎4．printer /'prɪntə/ n. 打印机 ‎5．screen /skriːn/ n. 屏幕 ‎6．hardware /'hɑːdweə/ n. 硬件 ‎7．software /'sɒftweə/ n. 软件 ‎8．system /'sɪstəm/ n. 系统；体系 ‎9．data /'deɪtə/ n. 数据，资料 ‎10．database /'deɪtəbeɪs/ n. 数据库 ‎11．Internet /'ɪntənet/ n. 互联网 ‎12．website /'websait/ n. 网站 ‎13．email /'iː meil/ n. 电子邮件 vt. 发送电子邮件 ‎14．connect /kə'nekt/ vt. 连接，把……‎ ‎ 联系起来 ‎15．conveniently /kən'viːnjəntli/ adv.‎ ‎ 便利地，方便地 ‎16．instant /'ɪnstənt/ adj. 立即的；即时的 ‎17．negative /'neɡətɪv/ adj. 否定的；消极的 ‎18．download /ˌdaʊn'ləʊd/ n．& vt.　 下载 ‎19．calculate /'kælkjuleɪt/ vt. 计算，核算，推测 ‎20．click /klɪk/ vt. 点击 ‎21．insert /ɪn'sɜːt/ vt. 插入 ‎22．delete /dɪ'liːt/ vt. 删除 ‎23．microblog /'maɪkroʊˌblɒg/ n．　 博客 vi. 写博客 ‎24．digital /'dɪdʒɪtl/ adj.　　 数字的 ‎25．virus /'vaɪrəs/ n. 病毒 ‎26．information /ˌɪnfə'meɪʃ(ə)n/ n．　 信息 ‎27．communication /kəˌmjuːnɪ'keɪʃn/ n.‎ ‎ 通信；交流 ‎28．chat /tʃæt/ v. 聊天 ‎29．fictional /'fɪkʃənl/ adj. 虚构的 ‎30．universal /ˌjuːnɪ'vɜːs(ə)l/ adj. 普遍的 ‎31．access /'ækses/ n．　 进入；使用权；通路 vt. 使用；存取；接近 ‎32．technological /ˌteknə'lɒdʒɪkl/ adj.‎ ‎ 技术上的，工艺的 ‎[二积短语顿挫抑扬]　‎ ‎[课内短语回扣]‎ ‎(一)根据汉语写出下列短语 ‎*1.come_true (愿望、梦想等)实现　　 *2.make_up 编造，构成 ‎　3.as_if/though好像，仿佛 　 4.take_action采取行动 ‎*5.hang_on (电话用语)别挂断；别放弃 *6.cut_off切掉，切断 ‎ ‎*7.be_up_to 做，从事于；胜任 *8.consist_of 由……组成 ‎*9.get_in_touch_(with) (和……)取得联系 　10.as_well_as也，又 ‎　11.in_the_flesh本人亲身 *12.take_over接收，接管 ‎(二)用上面加*号的短语完成下列句子 ‎1．Hang_on! I'll be back in a minute.‎ ‎2．Now that my mother has a telephone, it's much easier to get_in_touch_with her.‎ ‎3．He understands the business and can take_over when I'm away.‎ ‎4．What will life consist_of on other planets?‎ ‎5．The teacher asked the children to make_up a story about a trip to the moon.‎ ‎6．He had his finger cut_off in an accident at work.‎ ‎7．It is never easy for a person to make his dream come_true.‎ ‎8．I'm sure he is_up_to the new job, because he is an experienced driver.‎ ‎[话题短语积累]‎ ‎1．virtual net　　　　　　　　 虚拟网 ‎2．highspeed broadband networks 高速宽带互联网 ‎3．with the popularity of the Internet 随着网络的普及 ‎4．have access to/be accessible to 能使用 ‎5．IT＝information technology 信息技术 ‎6．search engine 搜索引擎 ‎7．distract one's attention 分散某人的注意力 ‎8．have a negative effect 有负面影响 ‎9．electronic books 电子读物 ‎10．text message 手机短信 ‎11．tablet personal computer 平板电脑 ‎12．portable computer 便携式电脑 ‎13．shop online 网上购物 ‎14．surf the Internet 上网浏览信息 ‎15．make full use of 充分利用 ‎16．keep in touch with 和……保持联系 ‎[三积句式写作扮靓]　‎ ‎[课内句式仿写]‎ ‎1．It is＋adj.＋that ...‎ ‎[例句]　...“it is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.”‎ ‎[仿写]　很明显，电影《战狼Ⅱ》很受观众喜爱。‎ It_is_obvious_that the film Wolf Warrior Ⅱ is very popular with the audience.‎ ‎2．have sth. done“让某物遭受”‎ ‎[例句]　Do you have anything planned for Saturday and Sunday?‎ ‎[仿写]　你需要在你出发之前把行李运往目的地。‎ You need to have_your_luggage_sent to your destination ahead of time before you set off.‎ ‎3．as if“好像，似乎”，引导表语从句 ‎[例句]　... the use of computers with sounds and pictures that make you feel as if you are in a real situation. ‎ ‎[仿写]　 看起来海水好像不干净，不能游泳。‎ It looks as_if the sea water isn't clean enough to swim here.‎ ‎[话题佳句背诵]‎ ‎1．It is easy to find what you are looking for on the Internet.‎ 在网上很容易找到你想找的东西。‎ ‎2．Some people are worried about the safety of paying for goods using credit cards when shopping on the Internet.‎ 一些人担心在网上购物时用信用卡为商品付钱的安全性。‎ ‎3．Once cheated online, you may find it difficult to make a complaint.‎ 一旦你在网上受到欺骗，你会发现很难投诉。‎ ‎4．You can shop as you like as the online shops are open 24 hours a day.‎ 你可以随心所欲地在网上购物，因为网店一天24小时都营业。‎ ‎[四背语段语感流畅]　‎ What are the strengths and weaknesses of the Internet in our interpersonal communication?‎ The Internet has made it possible for us to keep in touch with our friends conveniently. We can rapidly access information about others through their microblog, QQ, facebook or email.‎ However, the Internet threatens to change our interpersonal communication and relationships. The idea that it is no longer necessary to communicate ‎ face to face has reduced the effectiveness and efficiency of communication. Misunderstandings among people and the absence of feelings are increasingly common.‎ Therefore, we should take care not to depend too much on the Internet. Only so can we make full use of the Internet while avoiding its negative effects.‎ 在人际交往中因特网的优缺点有哪些？‎ 因特网使我们和朋友更方便地保持联系成为可能。通过他们的微博、QQ、脸书和电子邮件我们能迅速地得到他们的信息。‎ 然而，因特网正威胁着我们的人际交往和人际关系的改变。不再需要面对面的交流的想法降低了交流的效率和效益。人们之间的误解和情感的缺乏变得更普遍。‎ 因此我们应当注意不要太依赖因特网。只有避免了因特网的负面效应我们才能充分利用因特网。‎ ‎ [第一板块　重点词汇突破]　‎ ‎[师生共研词汇]‎ ‎1．likely adj.有可能的adv.(与most，very连用)可能 ‎[高考佳句]　 Many bad habits can be especially difficult to cure ‎ because they are likely to form at a very young age.‎ ‎(2015·湖北高考完成句子)‎ 许多坏习惯特别难以纠正，因为它们可能是人们在年幼时就形成了的。‎ be likely to do sth.　　　　　 很可能做某事 It is likely that ... 很可能……‎ not likely 决不可能/绝对不会 ‎①You are likely to_suffer (suffer) from bad health if you keep smoking.‎ ‎＝It_is_likely_that you will suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.‎ 如果继续吸烟，你的身体健康可能会受到损害。‎ ‎②Students will help and learn from each other, and a friendship is likely to_be_formed (form)．‎ 同学们将会相互帮助，相互学习，友谊有可能建立起来。‎ ‎2．focus vi.集中注意；(使)聚焦n.焦点，焦距，聚焦；(活动、兴趣等的)中心，集中点 ‎　[教材原句]　In a book with lots of pictures and charts, I am likely to focus mainly on the written text.‎ 在一本有很多图画和图表的书里，我很可能主要注意书面文字。‎ ‎(1)focus on/upon sth./sb.　　 集中注意力于某物/某人 focus one's attention/eyes on 注意力/目光集中于 ‎(2)in focus 焦距对准，清晰 out of focus 焦距没对准，模糊 the focus of ... ……的焦点 ‎①The meeting focused on whether we should build a new teaching building.‎ 这次会议的主要议题是我们是否应该建一栋新的教学楼。‎ ‎②If children find those materials interesting, they'll focus their attention on them for long.‎ 如果孩子们发现那些材料有趣，他/她们的注意力就会长时间集中在它们身上。‎ ‎③It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that children are the_focus_of families, shouldering the hope of their parents.‎ 这表明当今社会的一个普遍现象：孩子是家庭的中心，承载着父母的希望。‎ ‎④The children's faces are_badly_out_of_focus in the photograph.‎ 照片上孩子们的脸模糊不清。‎ ‎[联想发散]　表示“集中于；专心于”的短语还有：‎ ‎①concentrate on　②be absorbed in　 ③be addicted to ‎④be lost in ⑤be buried in ⑥be devoted to ‎3．offer n．&vt.提供，提议；出价；优惠 ‎[教材原句]　Already, users can buy books, find out about holiday offers, book tickets, and get all sorts of information from the Internet.‎ 用户已经可以从因特网上买书，找到有关假期安排、票务预订以及各种各样的信息。‎ ‎(1)offer sb.sth. ＝ offer sth. to sb. 主动把某物给某人　　　‎ offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 ‎(2)make an offer of help/support/food ‎ 主动提供帮助/支持/食物 make an offer to do sth. 主动要做某事 ‎①I offered to_help (help) him with his English study, and he accepted with pleasure.‎ 我表示愿意帮助他学英语，他很高兴地接受了。‎ ‎②They decided to offer_the_job_to Jo.‎ 他们决定把这份工作给乔。‎ ‎4．harm vt.&n.伤害，损害 ‎[高考佳句]　For another, drinking too cold or too hot water does nothing but harm to our health.(2014·湖南高考书面表达)‎ 其次，饮用太冷或太热的水只会对健康造成伤害。‎ ‎(1)do/cause harm to ...　　 　　 对……造成伤害 do sb.harm＝do harm to sb. 伤害某人；对某人有害 There is no harm in doing sth. 做某事无害处 ‎(2)harmful adj. 有害的，导致损害的 be harmful to ... 对……有害 ‎ ①Some boys are too crazy about playing games on the computer, which is very harmful (harm) to their health.‎ 有些男生对玩电脑游戏简直到了痴迷的程度，这对他们的健康非常有害。‎ ‎②These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon, causing/doing_serious_harm_to_life and the environment. ‎ 现在，违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见，对生活和环境造成了严重的破坏。‎ ‎③If you want to solve the problem in this way, ‎ there_is_no_harm_in_calling_him.‎ 如果你想以这种方式来解决问题，你不妨给他打个电话。‎ ‎5．suggest vt.建议，提议；推荐；表明，暗示 ‎[教材原句]　Tom, can you suggest any good books for my project?‎ 汤姆，你能推荐一些和我做的项目有关的好书吗？‎ ‎(1)suggest (sb.'s) doing sth.　　 建议(某人)做某事 suggest (that) ...(should) do　　 建议……(从句用虚拟语气)‎ ‎(2)suggestion n．　　　　　　 提议，建议；意见；暗示 make/offer/give a suggestion 建议，提议 ask for a suggestion 征求建议 ‎①How good a suggestion_(suggest) you have put forward!‎ 你提出了多么好的一个建议啊！‎ ‎②He suggested dealing (deal) with the problem in another way.‎ 他建议用另一种方式处理这个问题。‎ ‎③To master Mandarin, I strongly suggest you (should)_practice (practice) with Chinese people. Only through practice can you find the beauty of this language.(2015·四川高考书面表达)‎ 为了掌握普通话，我强烈建议你多与中国人练习，只有通过练习你才能发现这门语言的美。‎ ‎[名师点津]　suggest表示“暗示，表明”时，其主语往往是事物，而不是人。这时suggest后的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。‎ ‎6．settle vi.定居，安家；停留vt.安排，解决，处理；决定；安放；使定居，使移居 ‎[教材原句]　The history of the city goes back 650 years when the Maoris settled in the area.‎ 这座城市的历史追溯到650年前，当时毛利人在这一地区定居下来。‎ ‎(1)settle down/get settled ‎　　　　　　　 定居；稳定；平静下来；舒适地坐下 settle down to (doing) sth. 开始专心于某事，着手认真做某事 settle in/into 定居；迁入(新居)；适应(新工作)‎ settle on 决定，选定；停留，降落 ‎(2)settler n. 移居者 settlement n. 解决；住宅区 ‎①Wait until the students settle down before you start the lesson.‎ 等学生都静下心来再开始上课。‎ ‎②In the past, he often dreamed of retiring in England and settling_(down)_in_the_country.‎ 过去他常幻想在英国退休并在乡间安顿下来。‎ ‎③Before we settle down to discussing (discuss) other things, I've a question to ask you.‎ 在我们开始讨论别的事情之前，我有个问题要请教你。‎ ‎④With a lot of difficult problems to_settle (settle), the newlyelected president is having a hard time.‎ 有很多难题要解决，这位新任总统的日子不好过。‎ ‎[自主练通词汇]‎ ‎1．affect vt.影响；对……有坏影响；(疾病)侵袭 单句语法填空/单句改错 ‎①With the government's aid, those affected (affect) by the earthquake have moved for the new settlements. ‎ ‎②The child was affected for high fever. _for→with ‎2．view n．景色，风景；视野；观点；意见 vt.眺望；观察；观看；看作 单句语法填空/单句改错 ‎①When the old man opened the window, a stranger with a high hat came into view.‎ ‎②In view of the shortage of time, each person may only speak for five minutes.‎ ‎③She waited until the whole island was in view and then took a photo.‎ ‎④In my view, you're wrong to impose your idea on others.‎ ‎⑤If we sit near the front of the bus, we'll have better view. have后加a ‎3．average adj.平均的；普通的；平常的n.平均数；一般水平 单句语法填空/补全句子 ‎ ‎①On average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.‎ ‎②Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68 ℃ above (the) average.‎ ‎③Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000, an average of 40,000 per year.‎ ‎④To their great joy, their son's schoolwork is well above_average (高于平均水平)．‎ ‎[词汇过关练]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Deeply affected (affect) by his story, many young people began to do voluntary work for the disabled.‎ ‎2．Since you have settled down in a new country, you have to make an adjustment to the new environment.‎ ‎3．Mother suggested that she (should)_adapt (adapt) herself to her new conditions in college as soon as possible.‎ ‎4．Fortunately for him, a man offered to_take (take) him around the different spots.‎ ‎5．Instead of focusing on_your wounded feelings, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you.‎ ‎6．Many lifestyle patterns do such great harm to health that they actually speed up the weakening of the human body.‎ ‎7．If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you'll be less likely to_bring (bring) your work home. ‎ ‎8．On average, a family will use 5 kg of wood per day to cook on a simple wood stove.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．I must settle down to finish writing the book. It is very urgent.finish→finishing_‎ ‎2．Someone suggested send his brother to the US for treatment.send→sending ‎3．On his view, in 50 years, the average human life span will be 150 years old.On→In ‎4．Offering an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous.Offering→Offered ‎5．There is no harm combining the two mixtures.harm后加in Ⅲ.单句写作(补全句子/一句多译)‎ ‎1．我们从这里能清楚地看到海滩的景色。‎ We can have_a_good_view_of_the_beach from here.‎ ‎2．这么多孩子又说又笑，我不能专心工作。‎ With so many children talking and laughing, I couldn't settle_down_to_my_work.‎ ‎3．汤姆的学业成绩在平均水准以上，而哈里的却在平均水准以下。‎ Tom's work at school is above_the_average,_while Harry's is below_the_average.‎ ‎4．如果你在一个大家庭中长大，你更有可能培养与他人融洽相处的能力。‎ ‎①If you grow up in a large family, you are_more_likely_to_develop the ability to get on well with others.‎ ‎②If you grow up in a large family, it_is_more_likely_that you develop the ability to get on well with others.‎ ‎5．在昨天的会议上我建议他放弃那个计划。‎ ‎①I suggested_his_giving_up_the_plan at the meeting yesterday.(suggest doing ...)‎ ‎②I suggested_that_he_(should)_give_up_the_plan at the meeting yesterday.(suggest that ...)‎ ‎③I made_a_suggestion_that_he_(should)_give_up_the_plan at the meeting yesterday.(同位语从句)‎ ‎[第二板块　短语、句式突破]　‎ ‎1．get in touch取得联系 ‎[经典例句]　We'll get in touch with you as soon as we know the results of the test.(朗文P2452)‎ 我们一得知测试结果就和你联系。‎ get in touch with sb.　　　　 和某人取得联系(动作)‎ keep in touch with sb. 和某人保持联系(状态)‎ be in touch with 和……有联系(状态)‎ lose touch with 和……失去联系(动作)‎ be out of touch with 不了解；失去联系(状态)‎ ‎①If you want much more information, get_in_touch_with them in time.‎ 如果你想要得到更多的信息请与他们及时联系。‎ ‎②Keeping_in_touch_with our friends is an important part of friendship.‎ 与我们的朋友保持联系是维持友谊的重要组成部分。‎ ‎③She also wanted to make sure she didn't lose_touch_with her friends in Taiwan. ‎ 她也想确保自己不会与在台湾的朋友失去联络。‎ ‎[名师点津]　keep/be in touch with和be out of touch with表状态，可与时间段连用；而get in touch with和lose touch with表动作，不能与时间段连用。‎ ‎2．(be) up to做，忙于，从事于；多达；达到(数量/规格)；胜任；直到……为止；取决于，由……决定；是……的责任 ‎[教材原句]　What are you up to this weekend?‎ 这个周末你要做什么？‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出句中up to的含义 ‎①It's up to you whether we accept the present or not.取决于 ‎②Some study rooms are for 2－3 people and others can hold up to 6－8 people.达到；多达 ‎③We have no doubt that our government will be up to the task.胜任 ‎④The children are very quiet.I wonder what they are up to.从事，忙于 ‎⑤She continued to care for her father up to the time of his death.直到……为止 up to now　　　　　　　　 直到现在 It is up to you. 随你的便。/由你来决定。‎ It is up to sb.to do sth. 该由某人做某事 ‎⑥It's up to her to_decide (decide) whether or not to go on with the course.‎ 是否继续上这一门课程由她决定。‎ ‎3．as well as也，又；和……一样好 ‎[教材原句]　Famous sights include Mt Eden, one of many large volcanoes, as well as the Auckland Harbour Bridge.‎ 著名的风景包括大型火山之一——伊甸山，还有奥克兰海湾大桥。‎ ‎(1)A as well as B作主语时，谓语动词的单复数随A的人称和数的变化而变化 ‎(2)as well as可以用来连接两个相同的成分，强调的重点在前面，不在后面。且其在句首时，后面的动词多用v.ing形式 ‎(3)may/might as well　 最好……；还是……为好；不妨 as well 也，还 ‎①She can sing; she can play the piano as_well.‎ 她会唱歌，她也会弹钢琴。‎ ‎②We can know more about the life of great people as_well_as history and cultures of other countries.(2014·浙江高考满分作文)‎ 我们不仅可以更多地了解伟人的生活而且可以了解其他国家的历史和文化。‎ ‎③The weather is so bad that we might_as_well stay at home.‎ 天气太糟了，我们倒不如待在家里。‎ ‎④Email, as well as telephone, is_playing (play) an important part in daily communication.‎ 电子邮件与电话一样在日常通讯中正起着重要作用。‎ ‎4．... “it_is_clear_that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.”‎ ‎……“很显然，我们将会看到网上购物的大幅度增长。”‎ ‎(1)在“it is clear that ...”句型中，it替代后面that引导的主语从句作形式主语。可用于该句型的形容词有：clear, obvious, true, possible, necessary, natural, important等。‎ ‎(2)常见it作形式主语替代后面的从句的句型有：‎ ‎①It is＋名词(a pity, a shame, one's duty, no wonder ...)＋that从句 ‎②It is＋过去分词(said, reported, believed, announced, suggested, required ...)＋that从句 ‎③It＋不及物动词(happen, occur, appear, seem ...)＋that从句 ‎①It's_clear/obvious_that he was suffering great pain when he talked.‎ 显然，他说话的时候遭受着巨大的痛苦。‎ ‎②It is important that you (should)_hand (hand) in your article before 28th, June.(2015·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)‎ 在6月28号之前交上你的文章是很重要的。‎ ‎③It_is_known_to_all_that Taiwan belongs to China.‎ 众所周知，台湾属于中国。‎ ‎④It_is_a_pity_that you didn't attend the evening party.‎ 你没参加晚会真是遗憾。‎ ‎⑤It_occurred_to_me_that we should get in touch with the manager.‎ 我突然想起我们应该与经理联系。‎ ‎[名师点津]　在以上句型中，如果从句内容只是简单地陈述事实，谓语动词用陈述语气；如果从句内容并不是陈述事实，而是表达某种强烈的感情(要求、建议、命令、责备、惋惜、吃惊等)，谓语动词用虚拟语气，即“(should＋) do”形式。‎ ‎5．... the use of computers with sounds and pictures that make you feel as_if you are in a real situation.‎ ‎……计算机通过模拟声音和图像使你感到仿佛置身于一个真实的空间。‎ ‎(1)as if相当于as though，意为“仿佛；好像；似乎”，常用在be, look, seem, sound, smell, feel等系动词的后面引导表语从句。此外，它还可引导方式状语从句。‎ ‎①Hurry up! It looks as if the train is_going_to_move.‎ 快点！看起来火车要开了。‎ ‎(2)as if/though从句中的省略：如果as if/‎ though引导的方式状语从句为主系表结构且其主语与主句主语一致，则可省略其中的主语和系动词。‎ ‎②The football player is rolling on the ground as if hurt_ (hurt) badly in the leg.‎ 这个足球运动员在球场上打滚，似乎他的腿伤得很严重。‎ ‎(3)as if/though从句中的语气：如果as if/though引导的从句表示实现的可能性很小或与事实相反，则用虚拟语气；如果实现的可能性较大，则用陈述语气。用虚拟语气时，从句谓语动词变化如下表：‎ 与将来事实相反 从句谓语用would/could/might＋动词原形 与现在事实相反 从句谓语用过去时 与过去事实相反 从句谓语用过去完成时 ‎③I remember the whole thing as if it happened (happen) yesterday.‎ 我还记得整件事，就好像它发生在昨天一样。‎ ‎④It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I had_done (do) it?‎ 是约翰打破的窗户，你为什么说我啊？就好像是我做的一样。‎ ‎[短语、句式过关练]‎ Ⅰ.用touch的相关短语填空(keep in touch with/get in touch with/lose touch with)‎ 我与大学同学保持了十年的联系。不幸的是，当我丢了手机后，我与他们失去了联系。后来，在失去联系大约半年后，我在网上与他们取得了联系。‎ I 1.kept_in_touch_with my college classmates for about ten years.Unfortunately, when I lost my mobile phone, I 2.lost_touch_with them. Later, I 3.got_in_touch_with_them online after we 4.were_out_of_touch for about half a year.‎ Ⅱ.up短语串记(up to/be up to/up to now)‎ ‎1．We all think that he is_up_to playing the part of Othello.‎ ‎2．It's up_to you whether we accept the present or not.‎ ‎3．I have heard nothing from him up_to_now.‎ Ⅲ.句型转换/补全句子 ‎1．Many experts think it is important to let students have enough sleep.‎ ‎→Many experts think it important to let students have enough sleep.‎ ‎2．It is obvious that we don't want to spend too much money.‎ ‎→Obviously,_we don't want to spend too much money.‎ ‎3．The little boy was lying on the bed as if he was sleeping.‎ ‎→The little boy was lying on the bed as if sleeping.‎ ‎4．他明天签约是不足为怪的。‎ It_is_no_wonder_that he'll sign the contract tomorrow.‎ ‎5．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)据报道，我们市这个周日将举办中国剪纸艺术展。‎ It_is_reported_that our city will hold a Chinese papercutting show this Sunday.‎ ‎6．他张开嘴好像要说什么。‎ He opened his mouth as_if_to_say_something.‎ ‎7．(2015·广东高考满分作文)她最后赢得了他们的尊重，他们最终变得自信，表现也不错。‎ She finally earned respect of them, who eventually became_confident_as_well_as_‎ wellbehaved.‎ 提能一　用课文词汇写高分作文 ‎1．补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)‎ ‎①地震袭击了这个城市，毁坏了很多建筑物和道路，水电供应被切断了。‎ An_earthquake_attacked_this_city. Many buildings and roads were_destroyed and the water and electricity supplies were cut off.‎ ‎②政府立即采取行动帮助那里的人们。起初救援人员不能和那里的人们取得联系。‎ The government took immediate action to help the people there. At first, rescue workers couldn't_get_in_touch_with the people there.‎ ‎③当地人的生活受到了极大的影响。‎ The local people's life was_greatly_affected.‎ ‎④政府号召全国各地的人们向灾区提供帮助。‎ The government called on people all over the country to_offer_their_help_to the disasterhit area.‎ ‎⑤到目前为止，很多人已经在他们的新家定居。‎ Up_to_now,_many people have_settled_in_their_new_homes.‎ ‎2．升级平淡句 ‎(1)用现在分词作状语改写句①‎ An_earthquake_attacked_this_city,_destroying_many_buildings_and_roads，and_the_water_and_electricity_supplies_were_cut_off.‎ ‎(2)用it is clear that ...改写句③‎ It_was_clear_that_the_local_people's_life_was_greatly_affected.‎ ‎3．衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：however, therefore)‎ An earthquake attacked this city, destroying many buildings and roads, and the water and electricity supplies were cut off.The government took immediate action to help the people there.However, at first, rescue workers couldn't get in touch with the people there.It was clear that the local people's life was greatly affected.Therefore, the government called on people all over the country to offer their help to the disasterhit area.Up to now, many people have settled in their new homes.‎ 提能二　用课文句型解构高考长难句　[本单元突破点——it作形式主语]‎ 经典例句 比较分析 真题尝试翻译 课文长难句 It is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.‎ 这是一个主从复合句，it作形式主语，that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet是主语从句。‎ 尽管他很可能对这两本书的理解非常有限，但它们使他对古典绘画有所了解。‎ 真题长难句 While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings.(2017·6月浙江高考)‎ 这是一个主从复合句，主句是they were his introduction to classical paintings。while引导的是让步状语从句，其中包含it is likely that...句式。在这个句式中it作形式主语，that he understood very little of the ‎ books为主语从句。‎ ‎“科普知识与现代技术”是高中新课程标准24个话题之一。该话题包括计算机与网络技术、最新发明、前沿科技等子话题。科学技术的发展正在影响着你我的生活，我们拿出智能手机，连上免费WiFi，打开淘宝、京东一键购物，打开微信、QQ与好友聊天，打开题库APP，做做各学科的练习题，打开听力APP，练练耳朵。累了，有游戏APP、音乐APP……这些都是科学技术对人们生活的贡献。该话题也是高考常考话题，回顾历年高考，有关该话题的题目俯拾皆是，因此每一位考生对此话题都必须足够重视。‎ 一、话题与语篇 ‎[考题示例]　　　　　　　　　(2017·全国卷Ⅱ阅读C)‎ ‎[1]Terrafugia Inc. said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight, bringing the company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year. The vehicle — named the Transition — has two seats, four wheels and wings that fold up so it can be driven like a car. The Transition, which flew at 1,400 feet for eight minutes last month, can reach around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the air. It flies using a 23gallon tank of gas and burns 5 gallons per hour in the air. On the ground, it gets 35 miles per gallon.‎ ‎[2]Around 100 people have already put down a $10,000 deposit to get a Transition when they go on sale, and those numbers will likely rise after Terrafugia introduces the Transition to the public later this week at the New York Auto Show. But don't expect it to show up in too many ‎ driveways. It's expected to cost $279,000. And it won't help if you're stuck in traffic. The car needs a runway.‎ ‎[3]Inventors have been trying to make flying cars since the 1930s, according to Robert Mann, an airline industry expert. But Mann thinks Terrafugia has come closer than anyone to making the flying car a reality. The government has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly. The Transition is now going through crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards.‎ ‎[4]Mann said Terrafugia was helped by the Federal Aviation Administration's decision five years ago to create a separate set of standards for light sport aircraft, which are lower than those for pilots of larger planes. Terrafugia says an owner would need to pass a test and complete 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the Transition, a requirement pilots would find relatively easy to meet.‎ ‎28．What is the first paragraph mainly about?‎ A．The basic data of the Transition.‎ B．The advantages of flying cars.‎ C．The potential market for flying cars.‎ D．The designers of the Transition.‎ ‎29．Why is the Transition unlikely to show up in too many driveways?‎ A．It causes traffic jams.‎ B．It is difficult to operate.‎ C．It is very expensive.‎ D．It burns too much fuel.‎ ‎30．What is the government's attitude to the development of the ‎ flying car?‎ A．Cautious. B．Favorable.‎ C．Ambiguous. D．Disapproving.‎ ‎31．What is the best title for the text?‎ A．Flying Car at Auto Show B．The Transition's First Flight C．Pilots' Dream Coming True D．Flying Car Closer to Reality ‎[策略指导]　‎ ‎(一)这样读文 第1步：宏观把握文章大意 分层 抓关键句 概括层意 行文结构 第1段 第1段划波浪线部分 具体介绍Transition的情况。‎ 指出现象 第2段 第2段划波浪线部分 大约100人预订了飞车，但其价格太高，无法大量生产。‎ 介绍现象 第3段 第3段划波浪线部分 飞车的研制及政府支持。‎ 介绍现象 第4段 第4段划波浪线部分 介绍了对飞车驾驶人的要求。‎ 介绍现象 第2步：微观突破理解障碍 ‎[尝试翻译]　Terrafugia声称飞车的主人将需要通过一个测试，并且要完成20小时的飞行才能驾驶Transition，这是飞行员发现相对容易达到的一项要求。‎ ‎(二)这样做题 ‎[名师解题]‎ ‎28．段落大意题。选A　第一段的第二句“The vehicle ... like a car.”介绍了飞行汽车Transition的构造，第一段的后半部分介绍了它的空中飞行速度、路上行驶速度和油耗情况，这些都是飞行汽车的基本数据。故选A项。‎ ‎29．细节理解题。选C　根据第二段中的“But don't expect it to show up in too many driveways. It's expected to cost $279,000.”可知，该飞行汽车是非常贵的，所以不太可能大量出现在车道上。故选C项。‎ ‎30．观点态度题。选B　根据第三段中的“The government has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly.”可推知，政府对该项目是支持的。故选B项。‎ ‎31．标题归纳题。选D　根据全文内容，尤其是第一段中的“Terrafugia Inc. said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight, bringing the company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year.”可知，Terrafugia公司的飞行汽车成功进行了第一次飞行，从而使飞行汽车更加接近现实。所以选D项。‎ ‎[阅读理解系列技法3]　概括式细节理解题 此类细节理解题没有直接信息可以提供，需要对与试题有逻辑关系的内容进行概括和总结而提炼出答题所需信息。此类试题要求在理解相关细节表层含义的基础上，通过对细节的理解、分析和判断，弄清该细节所包含的深层含义，即联系语境。‎ 因此，解题时，应认真阅读并仔细分析题干内容，确定好所询问细节的角度，然后带着所提问的细节角度回到原文，寻找与试题有逻辑关系的内容，并对其进行分析判断，最后概括总结出正确答案。如上文中第29题，原文的信息句是“But don't expect it to show up in too many driveways.It's expected to cost $279,000.And it won't help if you're stuck in traffic.The car needs a runway”，由此概括出这款飞车的造价很高，它需要一个跑道，如果它遇到交通堵塞也飞不起来。故可得出答案为C项。‎ ‎(三)这样积累 ‎1．deposit n．　　　　　 押金；订金 ‎2．driveway n. (从建筑物、住房、车库等通往大路的)‎ ‎ 私人车道 ‎3．standard n. 标准 ‎4．requirement n. 要求 ‎5．according to 根据，按照 二、话题与写作 ‎[考题示例]　　　　　　　　　　(2009·江苏高考)‎ 鼠标是计算机时代最佳的人机交互工具之一。它极大地方便了人们的计算机操作。但是，过分依赖鼠标的习惯也会带来一些不利影响。请你以鼠标为切入点，根据下表所提示的信息，用英语写一篇短文。‎ 鼠标的 必要性 对多数人来说，操作计算机，上网冲浪……‎ 编辑文本，搜索信息……‎ 鼠标的 便捷性 点击、移动、插入、拷贝、删除……‎ 收发邮件，选购商品……‎ 点播音乐，下载电影……‎ 如果过分依赖鼠标……(请考生结合自身感受，列举两到三点)‎ 注意：1.对所给要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译。‎ ‎2．词数150左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。‎ ‎3．作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。‎ The mouse is a most effective device used by people to communicate with a computer.　‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[写作规范]　‎ 第一步：写对词汇不丢冤枉分 ‎1．装备；设备　　　　　　　　 device ‎2．操作；控制 operate ‎3．方便的 convenient/handy ‎4．点击 click ‎5．插入 insert ‎6．拷贝 copy ‎7．删除 delete ‎8．下载 download ‎9．上网冲浪 surf_the_Internet ‎10．编辑文本 edit_text ‎11．浏览网页 browse_web_pages 第二步：列全要点，写对句子保基本分 ‎1．鼠标是一种高效的设备。‎ The_mouse_is_a_most_effective_device.‎ ‎2．它被人们用来与计算机交流。‎ It_is_used_by_people_to_communicate_with_a_computer.‎ ‎3．对大多数人来说，如果没有鼠标，操作计算机几乎是不可能的。‎ For_most_people,_it's_almost_impossible_to_operate_a_computer_without_a_mouse.‎ ‎4．它还可以帮助我们轻松下载所需要的东西，例如各种音乐和电影。(定语从句)‎ It_can_also_help_us_easily_download_the_things_that_we_need,_such_as_a_flood_of_music_and_movies.‎ ‎5．过分依赖点击鼠标会使我们变得更懒惰、更缺乏创造力。‎ ‎(动名词短语作主语)‎ Relying_too_much_on_mouse_clicking_makes_us_lazier_and_less_creative.‎ 第三步：句式升级，打造亮点得高分 ‎1．用过去分词作后置定语升级练习1、2‎ The_mouse_is_a_most_effective_device_used_by_people_to_communicate_with_a_computer.‎ ‎2．用what引导的名词性从句升级练习4‎ It_can_also_help_us_easily_download_what_we_need,_such_as_a_flood_of_music_and_movies.‎ 第四步：过渡衔接，润色成文创满分 The mouse is a most effective device used by people to ‎ communicate with a computer. For most people, it's almost impossible to operate a computer without a mouse, let alone surf the Internet.‎ A wellchosen mouse is really handy and flexible in controlling the screen. With the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it not only enables us to edit text, browse web pages, send and receive emails and do shopping through the Internet, but can also help us easily download what we need, such as a flood of music and movies. Just imagine, all this can be done with a cute mouse.‎ A convenient tool can certainly make our work easier, but it doesn't always help in a positive way. Too much ready information on our fingertips leaves little room for knowledge pursuing. Relying too much on mouse clicking makes us lazier and less creative.‎ ‎[单元检测·高考提能] ‎ 单元检测A——语言基础扎根练＋阅读理解提速练 ‎[语言基础扎根练]‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写/用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．Eating and drinking too much is likely (有可能的) to give one's stomach trouble.‎ ‎2．He finds it hard to focus (集中) his thoughts on one thing for longer than five minutes.‎ ‎3．As is known to all, the earth is becoming warmer and warmer due to the global climate (气候) change.‎ ‎4．Achieving your goal to be admitted by a firstgrade university is only one of the destinations (目的地) in your life.‎ ‎5．There were magnificent views (风景) of the surrounding countryside.‎ ‎6．The town was destroyed by the floods (洪水) after the storm.‎ ‎7．After the failure of electricity supplies the city was in chaos (混乱)．‎ ‎8．The soldier took his sword and attacked (攻击) the enemy.‎ ‎9．I know these flowers are not natural, but the artificial (人造的) ones look more beautiful and can last long.‎ ‎10．He put forward a new concept (概念) of the origins of the universe.‎ ‎11．He was addicted to computer games, which affected his study, and his grade declined rapidly (rapid)．‎ ‎12．It is reported that she spent decades on scientific research before its value is_officially (official) acknowledged.‎ ‎13．It goes without saying that a good campus environment is of great importance to our_growth (grow)．‎ ‎14．I'd like to think about your suggestion (suggest) before I give a definite reply.‎ ‎15．Obviously (obvious), they can't solve all the problems.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎ ‎1．Fancy sit in the sun and doing nothing all day!_sit→sitting ‎2．Mary as well as I have been to the Great Wall.have→has ‎3．I found difficult to answer such a question in so short a time.found后加it_‎ ‎4．Wherever you go, keep touch with me, please.touch前加in ‎5．Don't handle the vase as if it was made of steel.was→were ‎6．The scientist suggested grow rice on the dried river bed.grow→growing ‎7．They settled down to read the text when he came to the room.read→reading ‎8．That is said that green is the most restful color.That→It Ⅲ.补全句子 ‎ ‎1．他谈论起香港来就好像他以前去过那儿似的。‎ He talked about Hong Kong as_if_he_had_been_there_before.‎ ‎2．他错过了去国外旅游的机会，真是可惜。‎ It's_a_pity_that he missed the opportunity to travel abroad.‎ ‎3．很明显，现在网购已经影响了我们的日常生活。‎ It_is_clear_that shopping online has affected our daily life now.‎ ‎4．我们发现发展低碳经济很重要。‎ We find_it_important_to_develop lowcarbon economy.‎ ‎5．还轮不到你告诉我如何做我的工作。‎ It's_not_up_to_you_to_tell_me_ how to do my job.‎ ‎6．大多数人摄入的脂肪太多，纤维不足，这对他们的健康很不利。‎ The majority of people take in too much fat and not enough fibre, which does_great_harm_to_their_health.‎ ‎[阅读理解提速练]‎ A While money can't technically buy happiness, it can buy you a moodlifting, outlookimproving vacation. Haven't made plans yet to skip town this winter? These moneysaving travel tips can help you book the destination of your choice and enjoy your time there — without breaking the bank.‎ ‎1．FLY THE COOP FAST If you're planning to set off for an adventure right away, try the ‎ GTFO (Get The Flight Out) app. It lists the cheapest roundtrip flights departing from your local airport that day or by the next morning. At press time, airfare was down 12 percent from last August and roundtrip tickets for domestic flights averaged $218.‎ ‎2．SNAG A DISCOUNTED HOTEL ROOM If Airbnb isn't your style, reserve markeddown accommodations on Tingo, which lists almost all the rooms in more than 155,000 locations worldwide. After you book a price drop room, the site monitors rates until, typically, 24 to 48 hours before checkin. If the price drops, Tingo refunds you the difference.‎ ‎3．LIVE IT UP LOCALLY If you're planning a staycation (宅假) this winter, try an affordable escape close to home. The free app HotelTonight offers lodging (租住) deals in more than 100 U．S. and Canadian cities and regions, and has a locationbased feature that gives extra savings on already discounted prices on spots closest to you. Sameday prices fall even lower after 6 P．M.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。利用网站和应用软件可以享受到便宜便捷的冬季旅游。文章介绍了有此功能的两个应用软件和一个网站。‎ ‎1．The GTFO app is most useful to those who ________.‎ A．take a regular business trip B．seek a lastminute travel C．can't afford a comfortable travel D．plan a shortdistance flight 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“If you're planning to set off for an adventure right away, try the GTFO (Get The Flight Out)‎ ‎ app”可知，GTFO是一款针对临时才定下来要去旅行的人的应用软件，故B项正确。‎ ‎2．The underlined word “markeddown” in Paragraph 3 means “________”．‎ A．highlighted　　　　　　　 B．written C．discounted D．scored 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据第三段的标题“SNAG A DISCOUNTED HOTEL ROOM”并结合画线词后的“accommodations on Tingo ... book a price drop room”可以判断，画线词意为“降价的，打折的”，此处表示在Tingo网站上预订打折的房间，故C项正确。‎ ‎3．What can we infer about the app HotelTonight?‎ A．Only the U. S. natives can use it.‎ B．Its deals include the whole America.‎ C．Prices stay the same within a day.‎ D．Its services vary from place to place.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第四段的第二句可知，HotelTonight软件涉及美国和加拿大的一百多个城市和地区，其价格和服务具有地方特色；据此可以判断，HotelTonight软件中的服务在各地是不一样的，故D项正确。‎ B ‎(2018·河南省豫南九校联考)Working up a credit score for Walter Cavanagh has got to be a mathematical nightmare — the man has nearly 1,500 valid credit cards to his name and holds the Guinness Record for the most credit cards. Mr. Plastic Fantastic — a title given to him by Guinness World Records — is also the proud owner of the world's longest wallet, which can hold about 800 cards. But he uses it only to ‎ carry a few cards, while the rest are safely kept in bank safedeposit boxes.‎ Cavanagh started collecting credit cards in the late 1960s. “One of my best friends and I made a silly bet: the guy who could collect the most credit cards by the end of the year would win dinner，” he said. “I got 143 cards by the end of the year, and my friend gathered 138.” After winning that bet, Cavanagh decided to simply keep going with his unusual collection. He got credit cards from gas stations, airlines, bars, and even ice cream stores.‎ If there's one card missing from Cavanagh's collection, it's that from the Newberry Company. They repulsed his application for a card in the early 1970s, even though he'd collected over 100 by then. They said he had too much credit. Therefore, so far he hasn't had a Newberry card in his collection.‎ Cavanagh hasn't stopped applying for new cards — he's held the Guinness Record since 1971 and has no intention of letting go of it. He copies whole pages from a U．S. directory of businesses and keeps sending applications. If he receives a rejection, he writes back to the company explaining his goal and ambition. But he doesn't count useless cards in his total collection.‎ Thanks to all the cards to his name, Cavanagh has access to about $1.7 million at any moment. Despite this privilege, he has managed to maintain an excellent credit score.‎ The 72yearold retired financial planner and credit expert has only one piece of advice to share: “Never use a card to buy anything you can't pay off in a couple of months. If you don't have the_discipline,_you shouldn't have the cards.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是记叙文。文章讲述了沃尔特·卡瓦纳拥有将近1 500张信用卡，信用额度高达170万美元，创下世界纪录。‎ ‎4．Cavanagh began to collect credit cards when he ________.‎ A．owned a very long wallet B．made a bet with his friend C．wanted to create a Guinness Record D．was treated to dinner by his friend 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Cavanagh started collecting credit cards in the late 1960s. ‘One of my best friends and I made a silly bet: the guy who could collect the most credit cards by the end of the year would win dinner，’ he said”可知，自从跟朋友打赌后，卡瓦纳就开始收集信用卡了。‎ ‎5．What does the underlined word “repulsed” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?‎ A．Rejected. B．Recalled.‎ C．Repeated. D．Recognized.‎ 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“They said he had too much credit. Therefore, so far he hasn't had a Newberry card in his collection”可知，卡瓦纳没有Newberry Company的卡，表明他的申请被拒绝了，故选A项。‎ ‎6．What do the underlined words “the discipline” in the last paragraph probably refer to?‎ A．Having many cards to your own name.‎ B．Buying things by card and paying off in time.‎ C．Managing to own more privileges for your card.‎ D．Using a card to buy things as many times as possible.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Never use a card to buy anything you can't pay off in a couple of months”可知，卡瓦纳建议人们：如果几个月内无法偿还信用卡，那人们最好别用信用卡购物，故选B项。‎ ‎7．What do we know about Cavanagh's cards?‎ A．Some of them are useless.‎ B．They are safely kept in his long wallet.‎ C．They have brought him fame and privilege.‎ D．Fewer new cards are added to his collections.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“holds the Guinness record for the most credit cards”及倒数第二段中的“Despite this privilege”可知，卡瓦纳收藏的信用卡给他带来荣誉并且也使他享有一些特权。‎ 单元检测B——完形填空精准练＋失分题型强化练 ‎[完形填空精准练]‎ ‎(2018·青岛调研)Do you know that body language accounts for over 90% of a conversation? That's why communicating face to face is always better than a telephone conversation__1__if you are trying to sell something!‎ Your body language will give others a general__2__ of you and it will also show your emotions. It's very difficult to make your body__3__. It's easy to tell the difference between a__4__ smile of pleasure and a false smile. So if you understand body language codes (密码), it is usually possible to know what someone really__5__， whatever they may be saying with__6__.‎ Although much of our body language is universal, a lot is also__7__.‎ ‎ Culture codes vary from one country to another and they can__8__misunderstandings. Even simple gestures may have a completely different meaning in other parts of the world. For example, the circle__9__made with three raised fingers means “OK” in the United States. But it is not universal. In Brazil, Greece and Germany it is a__10__gesture showing disrespect and in Japan it means “money”！‎ In many Asian cultures, it is not appropriate for men and women to touch in public. Therefore, displays of affection such as__11__ hands or kissing are not__12__. In some parts of Asia, __13__， it is common for people of the same sex to hold hands as a sign of__14__.‎ Greetings vary according to the country and the sex of the people involved. In the west, it is appropriate to shake hands when you__15__someone for the first time and both men and women can__16__ a handshake. In Indonesia, for example, a man will not offer a handshake to an Indonesian woman__17__they are in a business situation.‎ If you want to avoid making__18__ mistakes when you travel to other countries, you should__19__ their basic culture codes before you leave. If you do this, you are less likely to__20__ people.‎ 语篇解读：文章主要讲述了肢体语言在不同国家的不同含义。肢体语言会给他人留下对你的总体印象，也会显示出你的情绪。让你的身体撒谎很难，但辨别真诚的快乐微笑和假笑很容易。‎ ‎1．A.namely　　　　　　　 B．particularly C．importantly D．practically 解析：选B　namely意为“也就是，换句话说”；particularly意为“特别地，尤其”；importantly意为“重要地”；practically意为“实际地”‎ ‎。前文提到面对面交流比电话交流效果好，下文列举了一个特别的情况：试图向别人推销东西的时候。故选B项。‎ ‎2．A.imagination B．description C．expression D．impression 解析：选D　imagination意为“想象”；description意为“描述”；expression意为“表达”；impression意为“印象”。肢体语言会给他人留下对你的总体印象。故选D项。‎ ‎3．A.lie B．talk C．act D．conduct 解析：选A　lie意为“撒谎”；talk意为“说”；act意为“行动”；conduct意为“表现；管理”。根据上文的“it will also show your emotions”可知，肢体语言会反映人的情绪，故此处指让你的身体撒谎很难。故选A项。‎ ‎4．A.polite B．shy C．sincere D．ready 解析：选C　polite意为“礼貌的”；shy意为“害羞的”；sincere意为“真诚的”；ready意为“准备的”。既然身体很难撒谎，那么辨别真诚的快乐微笑和假笑很容易。该空和后面的“false(虚假的)”对应，故选C项。‎ ‎5．A.cares B．means C．shows D．considers 解析：选B　care意为“关心；在乎”；mean意为“意思是”；show意为“展示；表明”；consider意为“考虑；认为”。前文提到身体很难撒谎，由此可知通过肢体语言，通常有可能了解一个人真正的意思是什么。故选B项。‎ ‎6．A.words B．examples C．feelings D．movements 解析：选A　word意为“词语；话语”；example意为“例子；榜样”；feeling意为“感受；感情；感觉”；movement意为“行动”。由句意可知选A项。‎ ‎7．A.exact B．foreign C．cultural D．similar 解析：选C　exact意为“准确的；精确的”；foreign意为“国外的”；cultural意为“文化的”；similar意为“相似的”。由句中的Although以及universal(通用的，普遍的)可知，该空表达的意思应和universal相反，再结合下句中的“Culture codes”，可知选C项。句意：虽然我们大多数的肢体语言具有普遍性，但很多也具有文化性。‎ ‎8．A.clear up B．cut down C．refer to D．lead to 解析：选D　clear up意为“清理”；cut down意为“砍倒”；refer to意为“参考”；lead to意为“导致”。句意：每个国家的文化密码各不相同，且文化密码会导致误解。故选D项。‎ ‎9．A.sign B．mark C．shape D．figure 解析：选A　sign意为“迹象；手势”；mark意为“标记；分数”；shape意为“形状”；figure意为“数字”。句意：例如三根举起的手指加上一个圆圈组成的手势在美国是OK的意思，但这个手势不是通用的。故选A项。‎ ‎10．A.helpless B．rude C．dangerous D．casual 解析：选B　helpless意为“无助的”；rude意为“粗鲁的”‎ ‎；dangerous意为“危险的”；casual意为“随意的”。由下文的“showing disrespect”可知应选B项。句意：在巴西、希腊和德国，这是粗鲁的手势，显示不尊敬，在日本这是“钱”的意思！‎ ‎11．A.shaking B．touching C．raising D．holding 解析：选D　shake hands意为“握手”；touch hands意为“触摸手”；raise hands意为“举手”；hold hands意为“牵手”。句意：因此，表示爱慕(的行为)，比如牵手或亲吻都是不可接受的。shake hands表示握手，是社交场合礼貌性的行为，而语境中指的是男女朋友间的“牵手”。本段最后一句的“hold hands”为原词复现。‎ ‎12．A.comfortable B．suitable C．acceptable D．reasonable 解析：选C　comfortable意为“舒服的”；suitable意为“合适的”；acceptable意为“可接受的”；reasonable意为“合理的”。句意：因此，比如牵手或亲吻都是不可接受的。‎ ‎13．A.therefore B．otherwise C．however D．besides 解析：选C　therefore意为“因此”；otherwise意为“否则”；however意为“然而”；besides意为“除……外，还”。该句和上文是转折关系， 故选C项。句意：然而，在亚洲的一些地方，人们普遍与同性牵手以表示友谊。‎ ‎14．A.friendship B．love C．admiration D．concern 解析：选A　句意见上题解析。friendship意为“友谊”；love意为“爱”；admiration意为“羡慕”；concern意为“关心”‎ ‎。故选A项。‎ ‎15．A.know B．introduce C．approach D．meet 解析：选D　know意为“知道”；introduce意为“介绍”；approach意为“接近”；meet意为“遇见”。由下文的“for the first time”以及“a handshake”可知，这里介绍的是第一次见面的情况。句意：在西方，在你初次和某人见面时握手是合适的。‎ ‎16．A.suggest B．start C．demand D．follow 解析：选B　suggest意为“建议”；start意为“开始”；demand意为“要求”；follow意为“跟随”。此处是说男性和女性都可以先握手。故选B项。‎ ‎17．A.unless B．until C．if D．while 解析：选A　unless意为“除非；如果不”；until意为“直到”；if意为“如果”；while意为“当……的时候”。句意：例如，在印度尼西亚，如果不是谈生意时，男士不会主动同女士握手。故选A项。‎ ‎18．A.surprising B．disappointing C．embarrassing D．interesting 解析：选C　surprising意为“令人惊讶的”；disappointing意为“令人失望的”；embarrassing意为“令人尴尬的”；interesting意为“有趣的”。句意：如果你想避免到其他国家旅行时犯一些尴尬的错误，你就应该在出发前了解他们的基本文化密码。故选C项。‎ ‎19．A.experience B．develop C．respect D．understand 解析：选D　句意见上题解析。experience意为“经历”；develop意为“发展”；respect意为“尊重”；understand意为“理解，懂”。故选D项。‎ ‎20．A.worry B．offense C．affect D．disturb 解析：选B　worry意为“担心”；offense意为“冒犯”；affect意为“影响”；disturb意为“打断；打扰”。句意：如果你这样做，你就可能少冒犯别人了。故选B项。‎ ‎[失分题型强化练]‎ Ⅰ.语法填空 A story about violinist Fritz Kreisler tells how he once came across a beautiful instrument he wanted to acquire. When he finally raised the money for the violin, he returned to buy it but learned that it __1__ (sell) to a collector.‎ He went to the new owner's home in order to try to persuade him to sell __2__ violin. However, the collector said it was one of his valuable __3__ (possess) and he could not let it go. The __4__ (disappoint) Kreisler turned to leave, but then asked a favor. “May I play the instrument once more __5__ it is put away？”‎ Permission was given and the great musician began to play. The violin sang with a quality of music so beautiful that the collector could only listen __6__ amazement. “I have no right __7__ (keep) that to myself，” he said after the musician finished. “The violin is __8__ (you), Mr. Kreisler. Take it into the world, and let the people hear it.”‎ I want to live my life that way — to take it into the world and live it ‎ __9__ (full). I'd rather be used up than die not having done whatever I could. Happiness is found in investing our lives in others. Say yes when __10__ (ask) for a hand. Volunteer some time for a worthwhile organization. Spend an hour with a lonely relative. In the end, I know that my happiness will not have been about my ability or my inability. It will have been about my availability. My life is meant to be lived.‎ 语篇解读：本文通过讲述一位伟大的小提琴家得到一把小提琴的故事告诉我们应该让自己的生活过得充实，不要留下遗憾。‎ ‎1．had been sold　考查时态和语态。sell的动作发生在learned之前，应该用过去完成时；主语it指代violin，与sell之间为动宾关系，故空处应用被动语态。‎ ‎2．the　考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表特指，故用the。‎ ‎3．possessions　考查名词。此处应该用名词，possession意为“所有物”，为可数名词，由one of可知，空处应该用复数形式。‎ ‎4．disappointed　考查形容词。disappoint为动词，空处修饰名词Kreisler，应用形容词，故填disappointed。‎ ‎5．before　考查连词。Kreisler想在小提琴收起来之前拉一次。‎ ‎6．in　考查介词。in amazement相当于in surprise，表示一种吃惊的状态。‎ ‎7．to keep　考查非谓语动词。have no right to do sth.意为“没有权利做某事”，为固定用法。‎ ‎8．yours　考查代词。此处需要用名词性物主代词，指代your violin。‎ ‎9．fully　考查副词。修饰动词live需要用副词。‎ ‎10．asked　考查非谓语动词。主句为祈使句，从句省略了主语和be动词，补充完整为：when you are asked for a ‎ hand，因此用asked。‎ Ⅱ.短文改错 I usually go to school by bike. And this morning I went on foot. On the way to school, I happen to witness an accident. A middleaged woman was knocked down by a car while crosses the street. Seeing that was happening on the scene, I made rush for the woman to help. One passerby got out of his cellphone and called the police. I helped to carry the woman to safe and dress her wound. Around ten minutes late, an ambulance arrived and took him to hospital. I continued my way to school, feeling happily that I could offer some help in time.‎ 答案：第二句：And→But 第三句：happen→happened 第四句：crosses→crossing 第五句：that→what; rush前加a 第六句：去掉of 第七句：safe→safety 第八句：late→later; him→her 第九句：happily→happy