2020届人教版高考英语必修四课堂练习：Unit3课时跟踪练（一）WarmingUp&Reading

2020届人教版高考英语必修四课堂练习：Unit3课时跟踪练（一）WarmingUp&Reading

Unit 3课时跟踪练(一) Warming Up & Reading — Pre-reading Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Humor is a most effective, yet frequently neglected, means of handling the difficult situations in our lives. It can be used for patching up differences, apologizing, saying“no”， criticizing, and getting the other fellow to do what you want without his losing face. For some jobs, it is the only tool that can succeed. It is a way to discuss subjects so sensitive that a serious dialogue may start a riot. For example, many believe that comedians on television are doing more today for racial and religious tolerance that people in any other forum.‎ Humor is often the best way to keep a small misunderstanding from escalating (升级) into a big deal. Recently a neighbor of mine had a quarrels with his wife as she drove him to the airport. Airborne, he felt miserable, and he knew she did, too. Two hours after she returned home, she received a longdistance phone call.“Persontoperson for Mrs. I. A. Pologize.” intoned the operator.“That's spelled ‘P’ as in ...” In a twinkling (眨眼间), the whole day changed from bad to lovely at both ends of the wire.‎ An English hostess with a quick wit was giving a formal dinner for eight distinguished guests whom she hoped to enlist (赞助) in a major charity drive. Austerity was a fashion in England at the time, and she had asked her children to serve the meal. She knew that anything could happen ... and it did, just as her son, with the studied concentration of a tight rope walker, brought in a large roast turkey; he successfully elbowed the swinging diningroom door, but the back bird dropped onto the diningroom floor.‎ The boy stood rooted, the guests staring at their plates. Moving only her head the hostess looked at her son，“No harm, Daniel”， she said，“just pick him up and take him back to the kitchen” ... she enunciated (发音) clearly so he would think about what she was saying ...“and bring in the other one.”‎ A wink and a oneliner instantly changed the dinner from a redfaced embarrassment to a laughter.‎ ‎1．What is the main idea of the passage?‎ A．Humor is the key to success in our work and lives.‎ B．Humor enables us to deal with difficult situations effectively.‎ C．Humor is the best way to criticize someone without losing his face.‎ D．Humor makes fun of any difficult situation.‎ 解析：‎ 选B　主旨大意题。从文章结构上分析，作者在首段中就提出了本文的中心论点，而且其后的三段都对中心论点加以说明。首段的第一句又是本段的中心，下面所列出的一些幽默的作用都是具体的方面。故应选B项。‎ ‎2．What caused the roast turkey to drop onto the floor?‎ A．The backward movement of the door.‎ B．The son's rude behavior.‎ C．Someone happened to be at the door.‎ D．The bird raised by the family.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句可知他成功地用肘部推开了门，但是复位的门却将火鸡打到了地上。故应选A项。‎ ‎3．What do you think would probably be the result if the hostess got angry and scolded the son?‎ A．It would make the embarrassing situation worse.‎ B．The son would refuse to serve the guests any more.‎ C．The son would talk back and make the mother all the more angry.‎ D．The guests would leave before the dinner was over.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。由最后一段可推知答案。‎ B A long weekend is a great opportunity to do something a little different. Many people use a long weekend for a getaway,_a short trip to leave the stress of their everyday lives behind and explore, learn, or relax.‎ Hotel Romance Many hotels and resorts feature something special to start the getaway, such as champagne (香槟酒), flowers, or a fruit basket in the room on arrival. Getaway packages usually include a room with something special, for example a heartshaped bed. Additional benefits could be room service meals or other private dining, plus tickets or discounts for local attractions.‎ Visit a Spa Spa getaways can take place at a location that focuses only on spa services or at a hotel that offers a spa as one of its features. Some spas emphasize treatments fit for their geographic area or a local attraction. A spa in a grape growing region might provide grape juice masks, or a hotel near a hot spring could offer mineral baths. Most spas offer a range of massage (按摩), and health and beauty treatments, so a spa getaway can be relaxing with other benefits.‎ Learn a Skill A long weekend may not be enough time to become an expert on something new, but it provides a way for people to begin their explorations. Some organizations offer intensive ‎ (集中的) courses that last two or three days. People with special interests can get away from their routines while learning such things as how to make beer, speak a new language, or take better photos.‎ Help Others Some organizations cooperate with businesses to offer accommodations and activities for shortterm volunteers. Most volunteer vacations involve ecologyfriendly or charity activities. A volunteer getaway is a way to relieve stress and help others at the same time.‎ Stay in a National Park For those who want to relax in a rural environment, a national park fits the bill. Most national parks provide camping areas with tents and trailers. Several have cabins (小屋) within the parks available to rent. A getaway to a national park provides privacy, stress relief, and the time to get to know some important natural resources.‎ 语篇解读：周末度假可以帮助我们减轻生活中的压力，探索自然，学习知识，放松身心。文章给出了几个周末度假的好去处。‎ ‎4．The underlined word “getaway” in Paragraph 1 most probably means a(n)________．‎ A．exciting exploration B．interesting location C．short vacation D．unforgettable experience 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句中的“Many people use a long weekend for a getaway, a short trip”可知，getaway意为“短假”。‎ ‎5．It can be learned from the text that ________.‎ A．spas are offered in the tourist attractions all over the country B．intensive courses of some organizations help people get away from home C．helping others at weekend makes people feel more stressful D．people may get close to nature in a national park 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句中的“A getaway to a national park provides ... the time to get to know some important natural resources.”可知，在国家公园度短假可以使我们了解重要的自然资源，因此D项正确。‎ ‎6．Which of the following can be the title of the passage?‎ A．Stay Away From Our Busy Work B．Good Ways to Relieve Stress C．Enjoy Life and Help Others D．Long Weekend Getaway 解析：选D　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了五个周末度短假的去处，因此D项是最佳标题。‎ C Ashleigh Fraser and Leah Guskjolen, both 18, wondered why they wouldn't be allowed to wear nail polish (指甲油) or artificial nails during their training to become certified nursing assistants. But when they asked, the only response they got was that “rules are rules”. Not satisfied, the teens decided to explore the issue themselves.‎ For their study, Ashleigh and Leah, seniors at Willcox High School in Willcox‎, ‎Arizona, borrowed materials from the hospital where they'd trained as nursing assistants. Ten nurses there agreed to give them some scrapings (碎屑) from the top side of their nails. Half of the participants had natural nails. The other half wore nail polish or fake nails on top of their natural nails. The teens grew bacteria from the scrapings on plates.‎ Natural nails produced an average of 4.3 bacterial colonies. In contrast, scrapings from nail polish or artificial nails produced an average of 17.5 colonies! Leah and Ashleigh had their answer to the_question. Only natural nails are allowed because polished and artificial nails tend to harbor far more bacteria. The germs could be dangerous to sick patients.‎ When nurses touch patients, they often wear gloves, but many small tasks are performed barehanded. The teens hope to raise awareness of how dangerous artificial nails can be in the medical setting.“What shocked me，” Leah says，“is how unconcerned some of the nurses are. They don't think their nails are dangerous.” Ashleigh agrees and observes that nurses with polished or fake nails tended to scrub (擦洗) less vigorously when washing their hands. Their nails might look nice, but this might contribute to the large numbers of germs that hang onto their nails.‎ Ashleigh has never really liked nail polish, so she won't have to change much to pursue her dream of being a surgeon. But the results have reminded Leah, who wants to be a nurse, to give up her artificial nails for good.“They're very pretty，” she says.“I love them.” But now that she knows the risks they can cause, she admits that for a health professional they just are “not worth it”．‎ 语篇解读：医院为什么要禁止医护人员涂指甲油或戴人工指甲呢？两位青少年经研究发现，那是因为涂指甲油的指甲和人工指甲容易滋生细菌。‎ ‎7．The first paragraph is intended to introduce the________.‎ A．two teenagers' career plan B．cause of the two teenagers' study C．advantage of the two teenagers' study D．two teenagers' attitude towards their training 解析：‎ 选B　段落大意题。根据第一段可知，两位青少年对她们不能涂指甲油和戴人工指甲的原因不满意，所以决定自己找到答案。因此，第一段主要介绍了两位青少年做研究的原因。‎ ‎8．What did the two teenagers do for their study?‎ A．They got trained at a hospital.‎ B．They did an experiment by themselves.‎ C．They consulted the hospital's nurses.‎ D．They collected experimental samples at their school.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，两位青少年通过亲自做实验来找到她们想要的答案。‎ ‎9．The underlined words “the question” in Paragraph 3 refer to why________.‎ A．wearing polished or artificial nails is harmful to health B．scrapings from natural nails produced less bacteria C．they cannot wear polished or artificial nails D．they were not satisfied with the response 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据第一段可知，两位青少年对她们不能涂指甲油和戴人工指甲的原因不满意，所以决定自己找到答案；根据第三段第三句可知，她们找到了这个问题的答案。因此，“这个问题”指的是她们为什么不能涂指甲油和戴人工指甲。‎ ‎10．What would Leah do about her artificial nails?‎ A．She won't have to change much.‎ B．She won't love them anymore.‎ C．She will give them up forever.‎ D．She won't give them up.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，Leah已经意识到了指甲油和人工指甲可能带来的危害，因此她认为对一名健康专业人士来说，戴人工指甲“不值得”。由此可推知，她会永远地放弃自己喜欢的人工指甲。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Do You Have a Positive Attitude?‎ Who would you rather hang around with? Someone who always acts in low spirits? Or someone who manages to see the good around him, even when things aren't always going great? __1__‎ Having a positive attitude can help you in many ways. __2__ Your friends will definitely appreciate you more if you see the silver lining rather than just the dark clouds!‎ ‎__3__ The less pressure you feel, the better you will feel overall. So if you've been feeling tired, put on a happy face and you just might feel better soon.‎ But how can you have a positive attitude when life is hard? It's more than just turning ‎ life's lemons into lemonade. __4__ But it's worth it.‎ A positive attitude doesn't mean ignoring life's troubles. It just means looking for the good in things, rather than being a pessimist and concentrating on the bad in things. Sometimes your attitude can make all the difference. ‎ Identify (识别) those areas of your life that might not be going so well. __5__ Focus on one at a time and think of ways you can find the positive in things.‎ A．The answer is to have a positive attitude.‎ B．Having a positive attitude can take some hard work.‎ C．They are likely to make you have negative thoughts.‎ D．Having a positive attitude can also reduce your stress level.‎ E．If you have a positive attitude, you're more fun to be around.‎ F．When you feel better physically, you naturally feel better mentally.‎ G．It's no surprise that people enjoy being around positive people rather than negative people.‎ 语篇解读：与那些垂头丧气的人相比，人们更愿意和那些具有积极心态的人在一起。本文论述了积极心态的重要性和拥有积极心态的方法。‎ ‎1．选G　上文是三个问句：你愿意与什么样的人在一起？是那些总是垂头丧气的人？还是那些总是设法看到事情积极一面的人？因此G项(人们喜欢和积极的人而不是消极的人在一起是意料之中的事)回答了上文提出的三个问题。‎ ‎2．选E　上一句提到积极的心态可以在很多方面帮到你，因此E项(如果有积极的心态，你就能给身边的人带去更多的快乐)紧承上文，说明了积极心态带给周围的人的好处。‎ ‎3．选D　上一段讲了积极心态给周围的人带去的好处，下一句提到压力越少，你的整体感觉就越好，因此D项(拥有积极的心态也能减少你的压力)在此承上启下。‎ ‎4．选B　上一句提到拥有积极的心态不像把柠檬变成柠檬水那样简单，那是需要人的努力的，故B项符合语境。‎ ‎5．选C　上一句提到要找出生活中不顺的事情，下一句提到一次只专注于一件事，并找到它积极的一面，因此C项(它们可能会使你产生消极的思想)在此承上启下。‎